Papers - KAMIOKA Hiroshi

Alternation in the gap-junctional intercellular communication capacity during the maturation of osteocytes in the embryonic chick calvaria. Reviewed International journal

Ziyi Wang, Naoya Odagaki, Tomoyo Tanaka, Mana Hashimoto, Masahiro Nakamura, Satoru Hayano, Yoshihito Ishihara, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kamioka

Bone   91   20 - 9   2016.10

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INTRODUCTION: The intercellular network of cell-cell communication among osteocytes is mediated by gap junctions. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is thought to play an important role in the integration and synchronization of bone remodeling. To further understand the mechanism of bone development it is important to quantify the difference in the GJIC capacity of young and developmentally mature osteocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We first established an embryonic chick calvaria growth model to show the growth of the calvaria in embryos at 13 to 21days of age. We then applied a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique to compare the difference in the GJIC capacity of young osteocytes with that of developmentally mature osteocytes. Finally, we quantified the dye (Calcein) diffusion from the FRAP data using a mathematic model of simple diffusion which was also used to identify simple diffusion GJIC pattern cells (fitted model) and accelerated diffusion GJIC pattern cells (non-fitted model). RESULTS: The relationship between the longest medial-lateral length of the calvaria (frontal bone) and the embryonic age fit a logarithmic growth model: length=5.144×ln(day)-11.340. The morphometric data during osteocyte differentiation showed that the cellular body becomes more spindle-shaped and that the cell body volume decreased by approximately 22% with an increase in the length of the processes between the cells. However, there were no significant differences in the cellular body surface area or in the distance between the mass centres of the cells. The dye-displacement rate in young osteocytes was significantly higher than that in developmentally mature osteocytes: dye displacement only occurred in 26.88% of the developmentally mature osteocytes, while it occurred in 64.38% of the young osteocytes. Additionally, in all recovered osteocytes, 36% of the developmentally mature osteocytes comprised non-fitted model cells while 53.19% of the young osteocytes were the non-fitted model, which indicates the active transduction of dye molecules. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the young and developmentally mature osteocytes with regard to the diffusion coefficient, permeability coefficient, or permeance of the osteocyte processes, which were 3.93±3.77 (×10(-8)cm(2)/s), 5.12±4.56 (×10(-5)cm(2)/s) and 2.99±2.47 (×10(-13)cm(2)/s) (mean±SD), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These experiments comprehensively quantified the GJIC capacity in the embryonic chick calvaria and indicated that the cell-cell communication capacity of the osteocytes in the embryonic chick calvaria was related to their development.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2016.06.016

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Collagen production of osteoblasts revealed by ultra-high voltage electron microscopy Reviewed

Rumiko Hosaki-Takamiya, Mana Hashimoto, Yuichi Imai, Tomoki Nishida, Naoko Yamada, Hirotaro Mori, Tomoyo Tanaka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   34 ( 5 )   491 - 499   2016.9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Tokyo  

In the bone, collagen fibrils form a lamellar structure called the “twisted plywood-like model.” Because of this unique structure, bone can withstand various mechanical stresses. However, the formation of this structure has not been elucidated because of the difficulty of observing the collagen fibril production of the osteoblasts via currently available methods. This is because the formation occurs in the very limited space between the osteoblast layer and bone matrix. In this study, we used ultra-high-voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM) to observe collagen fibril production three-dimensionally. UHVEM has 3-MV acceleration voltage and enables us to use thicker sections. We observed collagen fibrils that were beneath the cell membrane of osteoblasts elongated to the outside of the cell. We also observed that osteoblasts produced collagen fibrils with polarity. By using AVIZO software, we observed collagen fibrils produced by osteoblasts along the contour of the osteoblasts toward the bone matrix area. Immediately after being released from the cell, the fibrils run randomly and sparsely. But as they recede from the osteoblast, the fibrils began to run parallel to the definite direction and became thick, and we observed a periodical stripe at that area. Furthermore, we also observed membrane structures wrapped around filamentous structures inside the osteoblasts. The filamentous structures had densities similar to the collagen fibrils and a columnar form and diameter. Our results suggested that collagen fibrils run parallel and thickly, which may be related to the lateral movement of the osteoblasts. UHVEM is a powerful tool for observing collagen fibril production.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-015-0692-0

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Antero-posterior and vertical facial type variations influence the aesthetic preference of the antero-posterior lip positions Reviewed

Takashi Murakami, Tomoki Kataoka, Junpei Tagawa, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

European Journal of Orthodontics   38 ( 4 )   414 - 421   2016.8

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press  

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate whether the antero-posterior and vertical facial type variations influenced the favoured lip positions and to elucidate whether the favoured lip positions differed between orthodontists and laypersons. Methods: An average profile was constructed from a Japanese female with Class I occlusion and a well-balanced profile, as assessed by several cephalometric analyses. Nine facial types were composed by morphing the chin antero-posteriorly and/or vertically. Thirteen morphed lip profiles were constructed by moving the lips antero-posteriorly in the nine facial types, respectively. Seventy-seven Japanese laypersons and 30 orthodontists were asked to choose the top three most-favoured lip positions for each facial type. Results: The protruded lip positions were significantly favoured for all the mandibular protrusive facial types. The retruded lip positions were significantly favoured for the short facial type of the antero-posteriorly average and mandibular retrusive-short facial types. Among the mandibular protrusive facial types, the protruded lip positions were significantly favoured for the long facial type. The retruded lip positions were statistically more attractive for orthodontists than laypersons on the antero-posteriorly average-short, mandibular protrusive-short, mandibular retrusive-vertically average, antero-posteriorly average-vertically average, and mandibular retrusive-long facial types. Limitations: Our data were limited by the specific ethnic groups and variety of facial types. Conclusion: The favoured antero-posterior lip position was affected by not only the antero-posterior facial disproportion but also by the vertical dimensions. The favoured lip positions differed between orthodontists and laypersons. These results might be helpful in deciding between extraction and non-extraction treatment in borderline cases.

DOI： 10.1093/ejo/cjv073

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Orthodontic treatment of a patient with unilateral orofacial muscle dysfunction: The efficacy of myofunctional therapy on the treatment outcome Reviewed

Yasuyo Sugawara, Yoshihito Ishihara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   150 ( 1 )   167 - 180   2016.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

The orofacial muscle is an important factor in the harmony of the occlusion, and its dysfunction significantly influences a patient's occlusion after craniofacial growth and development. In this case report, we describe the successful orthodontic treatment of a patient with unilateral orofacial muscle dysfunction. A boy, 10 years 0 months of age, with a chief complaint of anterior open bite, was diagnosed with a Class III malocclusion with facial musculoskeletal asymmetry. His maxillomandibular relationships were unstable, and he was unable to lift the right corner of his mouth upon smiling because of weak right orofacial muscles. A satisfactory occlusion and a balanced smile were achieved after orthodontic treatment combined with orofacial myofunctional therapy, including muscle exercises. An acceptable occlusion and facial proportion were maintained after a 2-year retention period. These results suggest that orthodontic treatment with orofacial myofunctional therapy is an effective option for a patient with orofacial muscle dysfunction.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.08.021

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Other Link： http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-9643

Effect of minocycline on induced glial activation by experimental tooth movement Reviewed

Toru Deguchi, Rie Adachi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Do-Gyoon Kim, Henry W. Fields, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Ichikawa, Takashi Yamashiro

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics   149 ( 6 )   881 - 888   2016.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Mosby Inc.  

Introduction Orthodontic tooth movement causes pain to a patient. Glial cells are nonneuronal cells in the central nervous system and are implicated in various types of pain. In this study, we assessed glial activation responses after experimental tooth movement using immunocytochemical detection of anti-CD11b (OX42) and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity to illustrate the microglial and astrocytes response, respectively. In addition, the effect of minocycline in reducing pain during tooth movement was also investigated. Methods Fifty-five Sprague Dawley rats with and without administration of minocycline after 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days (n = 5, for each) of tooth movement were used. Immunohistochemistry for microglia (OX42) and astrocyte (glial fibrillary acidic protein) were performed at the medullary dorsal horn (trigeminal subnucleus caudalis). Three-dimensional quantitative analysis was performed with a confocal fluorescence microscope and a software program. Results There was a significant increase in the OX42 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in response to tooth movement in the medullary dorsal horn. Furthermore, systematic administration of minocycline, a selective inhibitor of microglial activation, significantly attenuated the nociceptive c-Fos expression in the medullary dorsal horn that was induced by experimental tooth movement. Conclusions These data indicate the possible importance of microglial activation in the development of orthodontic pain. This is also the first report on the systematic application of minocycline.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.11.030

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A single-center, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the indirect bonding technique Reviewed

Takashi Murakami, Noriaki Kawanabe, Tomoki Kataoka, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Hiroki Komori, Atsuro Fujisawa, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta Medica Okayama   70 ( 5 )   413 - 416   2016

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Okayama University  

Although accurate bracket placement is essential for orthodontic treatment, many practitioners apply brackets indiscriminately with direct or indirect bonding techniques. Nonetheless, there have been few prospective clinical comparisons of the 2 techniques. We will therefore conduct a single-center, randomized control trial in 100 patients aged ≥2 years and diagnosed with malocclusion. All patients will receive orthodontic treatment using brackets with direct or indirect bonding techniques. The primary endpoints will be the total treatment time, occlusal index, discomfort at bonding, and oral hygiene after bonding. This study will clarify whether indirect bonding can improve the efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

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Orthodontic treatment of a patient with bilateral congenitally missing maxillary canines: The effects of first premolar substitution on the functional outcome Reviewed

Kumi Sumiyoshi, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroki Komori, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta Medica Okayama   70 ( 1 )   57 - 62   2016

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Okayama University  

Permanent canines are thought to play a pivotal role in obtaining an ideal occlusion. Dentists occasionally encounter patients who lack canines and are therefore missing a key to harmonious guidance during functional mandibular excursions. This case report describes the substitution of maxillary first premolars for congenitally missing canines in the context of an orthodontic treatment plan. A boy, age 10 years and 11 months, with a chief complaint of crooked teeth was diagnosed with Class II division 2 malocclusion associated with a high mandibular plane angle and deep overbite. A stable occlusion with a satisfactory facial profile and functional excursions without interference were achieved after a comprehensive two-stage orthodontic treatment process. The resulting occlusion and satisfactory facial profile were maintained for 12 months. These results indicate that substituting the first premolars for the canines is an effective option in treating patients with missing canines while maintaining functional goals.

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューおよびオクルーザルスプリントを 用いて咬合再構築を行った成人開咬症例 Reviewed

早野暁, 星島光博, 石川崇典, 上岡寛

中・四矯歯誌   28 ( 1 )   1 - 9   2016

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A survey of patient's attitudes and over all satisfaction for orthodontic treatment at Okayama University Hospital Orthodontic Clinic Reviewed

The journal of Okayama Dental Society   34 ( 2 )   33 - 45   2015.12

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診している患者の矯正治療に対する意識と満足度の調査

河野 加奈, 川邉 紀章, 柳田 剛志, 古森 紘基, 加藤 ゆい, 田川 淳平, 加野 小奈美, 片岡 伴記, 上岡 寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   34 ( 2 )   76 - 77   2015.12

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：岡山歯学会  

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下顎両側第一大臼歯抜歯空隙への下顎第二大臼歯および埋伏第三大臼歯の近心移動を行った前歯部開咬症例

中村 政裕, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   27 ( 1 )   13 - 21   2015.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

患者は20歳6ヵ月の女性で、上顎前歯部の叢生および前歯部開咬を主訴に岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診した。側貌は凸型、オトガイの後退感、口唇閉鎖不全が認められた。両側アングルI級、前歯部開咬を呈し、上下顎前歯はやや唇側傾斜していた。さらに、予後不良な下顎左側第一大臼歯、上下顎歯列の叢生、軽度の咬合平面の二面性が認められた。分析の結果、上下顎前歯部叢生を伴う骨格性II級、ハイアングル、ロングフェイス、前歯部開咬症例と診断された。予後不良歯である下顎左側第一大臼歯に加え下顎右側第一大臼歯及び上顎両側第一小臼歯の抜歯を伴うカモフラージュ治療を行うこととなった。下顎両側第二・第三大臼歯の近心移動およびスピー彎曲の改善に伴い下顎臼歯の挺出が生じ、下顎骨の時計回り回転が危惧されたため、下顎骨回転に伴う側貌の悪化を防ぐことを目的に上顎両側大臼歯の圧下を行うこととした。動的治療期間は4年5ヵ月であった。オトガイの後退感は残るものの口元の突出感は改善し良好な側貌を獲得した。治療前後の重ね合わせでは、上下顎前歯歯軸および臼歯移動量は治療目標設定値と近似しており、下顎下縁平面角は維持されていた。保定2年が経過したが、咬合は安定している。長期予後不良な第一大臼歯を認める場合、下顎第一大臼歯抜歯による下顎第二・第三大臼歯の近心移動は有用な治療法であるが、ハイアングル・ロングフェイス症例においては、下顎大臼歯の挺出による顔貌の悪化を防ぐため上顎大臼歯の圧下を行うことが望ましいと考える。(著者抄録)

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Interdisciplinary orthodontic treatment for a patient with generalized aggressive periodontitis: Assessment of IgG antibodies to identify type of periodontitis and correct timing of treatment

Yoshihito Ishihara, Kazuya Tomikawa, Toru Deguchi, Tadashi Honjo, Koji Suzuki, Takayuki Kono, Takuo Kuboki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Shogo Takashiba, Takashi Yamashiroi

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   147 ( 6 )   766 - 780   2015.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

Aggressive periodontitis is a great challenge to clinicians when providing orthodontic treatment because of the potential for progression of periodontal disease. In this article, we report the successful comprehensive orthodontic treatment of bimaxillary protrusion and severe crowding in an adult with generalized aggressive periodontitis. A woman, aged 22 years 7 months, with a chief complaint of incisal crowding was diagnosed with a skeletal Class I malocclusion associated with severe anterior crowding, possibly worsened by generalized aggressive periodontitis. In addition to a periodontal examination, a blood IgG antibody titer analysis and microbiologic examination for periodontal pathogens were used to diagnose the type of periodontal disease and determine the proper timing to initiate orthodontic treatment. The total active treatment period was 28 months, followed by periodontal prostheses and regeneration therapy. Consequently, satisfactory facial profile, occlusion, and periodontal health were maintained for at least 36 months. These results indicate that efficient screening is important for providing successful orthodontic treatment in patients with advanced periodontal disease. This report also demonstrates the diagnostic importance of blood IgG antibody titer assays and microbiologic examinations to detect periodontal pathogens.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.09.022

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Maxillary Advancement for Unilateral Crossbite in a Patient with Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Tadashi Honjo, Norifumi Moritani, Seiji Iida, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA   69 ( 3 )   177 - 182   2015.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL  

This article reports the case of a 44-year-old male with skeletal Class III, Angle Class III malocclusion and unilateral crossbite with concerns about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), esthetics and functional problems. To correct the skeletal deformities, the maxilla was anteriorly repositioned by employing LeFort I osteotomy following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, because a mandibular setback might induce disordered breathing and cause OSAS. After active treatment for 13 months, satisfactory occlusion was achieved and an acceptable facial and oral profile was obtained. In addition, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 18.8 preoperatively to 10.6 postoperatively. Furthermore, after a follow-up period of 7 months, the AHI again significantly decreased from 10.6 to 6.2. In conclusion, surgical advancement of the maxilla using LeFort I osteotomy has proven to be useful in patients with this kind of skeletal malocclusion, while preventing a worsening of the OSAS.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/53525

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Osteocyte bioimaging

Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Oral Biosciences   57 ( 2 )   61 - 64   2015.5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Association for Oral Biology  

Background Newly developed visualization methods often lead to breakthroughs in the bioscience field. In particular, the ability to reveal temporal-spatial responses in cells, while visualizing molecular events through bioimaging techniques is very important. One such event is the regulation of bone remodeling by osteocytes. It is thought that osteocyte processes sense the flow of interstitial fluid that is driven through the osteocyte canaliculi by mechanical stimuli caused in the bone. However, the precise mechanism by which the flow elicits a cellular response is still unknown. Highlight It is critical to obtain precise morphological and/or morphometrical data from osteocytes and their surrounding microenvironment. In this review, we describe our application of confocal laser scanning microscopy to visualize osteocyte morphology in the bone and the combination of ultra-high voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM) and computer simulation of fluid flow to reveal the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes in the bone. Conclusion The osteocyte network in the bone as well as the microstructure of osteocyte cell processes and the surrounding bone matrix were visualized. We found fluorescence to be useful for studying the osteocyte network morphology. Additionally, the combination of UHVEM and computer simulation is a powerful tool to study the fluid flow in osteocyte canaliculi.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2015.02.002

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Runx/Cbfb signaling regulates postnatal development of granular convoluted tubule in the mouse submandibular gland. International journal

Md Nurul Islam, Shinsuke Itoh, Takeshi Yanagita, Kumi Sumiyoshi, Satoru Hayano, Koh-Ichi Kuremoto, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Tadashi Honjo, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takayoshi Sakai, Naozumi Ishimaru, Ichiro Taniuchi, Takashi Yamashiro

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists   244 ( 3 )   488 - 96   2015.3

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BACKGROUND: The rodent salivary gland is not fully developed at birth and the cellular definitive differentiation takes place postnatally. However, little is known about its molecular mechanism. RESULTS: Here we provide the loss-of-function genetic evidence that Runx signaling affects postnatal development of the submandibular gland (SMG). Core binding factor β (Cbfb) is a cotranscription factor which forms a heterodimer with Runx proteins. Cbfb was specifically expressed in the duct epithelium, specifically in the SMG. Epithelial Cbfb deficiency resulted in decrease in the size of the SMG and in the saliva secretion on postnatal day 35. The Cbfb mutant SMG specifically exhibited involution of the granular convoluted tubules (GCT), with a down-regulated expression of its marker genes, such as Klk1, Ngf, and Egf. The induction of GCT is under the control of androgens, and the Cbfb mutant SMG demonstrated down-regulated expression of Crisp3, an androgen-dependent transcript. Because the circulating testosterone or tissue dihydrotestosterone levels were not affected in the Cbfb mutants, it appears that Runx/Cbfb signaling regulate androgen receptor pathway, but does not affect the circulating testosterone levels or the enzymatic conversion to DHT. CONCLUSIONS: Runx signaling is important in the postnatal development of androgen-dependent GCT in the SMG.

DOI： 10.1002/dvdy.24231

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Topical Application of Lithium Chloride on the Pulp Induces Dentin Regeneration Reviewed

Kazuya Ishimoto, Satoru Hayano, Takeshi Yanagita, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Shinsuke Itoh, Mitsuaki Ono, Takuo Kuboki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

PLOS ONE   10 ( 3 )   e0121938   2015.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

We herein describe a novel procedure for dentin regeneration that mimics the biological processes of tooth development in nature. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is an important regulator of the Dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) expression. Our approach mimics the biological processes underlying tooth development in nature and focuses on the activation of canonical Wnt signaling to trigger the natural process of dentinogenesis. The coronal portion of the dentin and the underlying pulp was removed from the first molars. We applied lithium chloride (LiCl), an activator of canonical Wnt signaling, on the amputated pulp surface to achieve transdifferentiation toward odontoblasts from the surrounding pulpal cells. MicroCT and microscopic analyses demonstrated that the topical application of LiCl induced dentin repair, including the formation of a complete dentin bridge. LiCl-induced dentin is a tubular dentin in which the pulp cells are not embedded within the matrix, as in primary dentin. In contrast, a dentin bridge was not induced in the control group treated with pulp capping with material carriers alone, although osteodentin without tubular formation was induced at a comparatively deeper position from the pulp exposure site. We also evaluated the influence of LiCl on differentiation toward odontoblasts in vitro. In the mDP odontoblast cell line, LiCl activated the mRNA expression of Dspp, Axin2 and Kallikrein 4 (Klk4) and downregulated the Osteopontin (Osp) expression. These results provide a scientific basis for the biomimetic regeneration of dentin using LiCl as a new capping material to activate dentine regeneration.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0121938

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて下顎前歯の圧下により過蓋咬合を治療したAngle II級成人症例

福島 宏明, 本城 正, 片岡 伴記, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   26 ( 1 )   41 - 48   2014.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

患者は初診時年齢37歳9ヵ月の女性で、口唇の突出感を主訴に岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診した。側貌はConvex typeで、下顎の後退感、上下口唇の突出、口唇閉鎖時のオトガイ部の筋緊張および口唇閉鎖不全を認めた。口腔内はAngle II級であり、オーバージェットが大きかった。また、下顎前歯が挺出しており、過大なSpee彎曲を認め、過蓋咬合を呈していた。さらに、上顎前歯は舌側傾斜し、下顎歯列に叢生を認めた。骨格的には骨格性II級、high mandibular plane angleであった。分析の結果、上顎前歯の舌側傾斜を伴う下顎骨の後退による骨格性II級、Angle II級、high mandibular plane angle、過蓋咬合症例と診断した。上下顎両側第一小臼歯の抜歯を伴うカモフラージュ治療を行うことになったが、過蓋咬合を治療する従来のメカニクスでは、小臼歯の挺出に伴う下顎下縁平面のさらなる開大が危惧された。そのため、下顎前歯圧下のための固定源として、下顎両側側切歯・犬歯間頬側歯槽部の歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを利用した。また、上顎前歯を舌側へ歯体移動させるための固定源として、上顎両側第一大臼歯・第二大臼歯間および上顎両側側切歯・犬歯間頬側歯槽部の歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを利用した。治療の結果、下顎の時計回りの回転を起こさずに下顎前歯は圧下、上顎前歯はほぼ舌側へ歯体移動し、良好な咬合関係を確立できた。(著者抄録)

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審美的に好ましい上唇-下唇-オトガイの前後的位置関係に関するアンケート調査

村上 隆, 片岡 伴記, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   26 ( 1 )   19 - 24   2014.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

【目的】好ましい側貌の基準を具体的・客観的に明らかにすることは、実際の矯正歯科治療における治療ゴールを設定する上で必要不可欠である。本研究は、一般人を対象にアンケートを行い、上唇、下唇およびオトガイの前後的位置関係が与える側貌の審美的認識への影響について検討を行った。【資料および方法】標準的な日本人女性の側貌を元に、専用ソフトウェアを用いて下顎骨を前後に10mmずつ移動させ、上顎前突、標準および下顎前突の3パターンの側貌シルエットを作成した。次に、その上唇と下唇をそれぞれ3mmずつ前後に移動させ、17通りの口唇位を作成した。一般人178名を対象に、3パターンの側貌それぞれに17通りの口唇位を組み合わせたシルエットを提示し、好ましい側貌に関するアンケートを実施した。【結果および考察】標準的な側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離の差が+3mmの側貌が最も好まれた。口唇とオトガイとの前後的距離の差が大きい上顎前突の側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離が比較的大きい+6mmの側貌が最も好まれた。口唇とオトガイとの前後的距離の差が小さい下顎前突の側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離の差により好まれ方に違いは認められなかった。【結論】骨格の違いにより、審美的に好ましい上唇-下唇の前後的距離には差異が存在することが明らかになった。審美的に好ましい上下口唇およびオトガイの前後的位置は、上唇-下唇-オトガイの前後的距離の比により規定される可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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蛍光ライブイメージングを用いた骨組織中における細胞内カルシウムオシレーションの計測

石原 嘉人, 菅原 康代, 上岡 寛, 川邉 紀章, 成瀬 恵治, 山城 隆

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   24 ( 1 )   15 - 22   2014.3

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本骨形態計測学会  

細胞内カルシウム(Ca2+)は多様な細胞機能を仲介する重要な情報伝達物質であり、Ca2+オシレーションと呼ばれる周期的なCa2+濃度の上昇様式は、骨代謝調節を含む広範な生理機構に関与すると考えられている。しかし、3次元的な骨芽細胞-骨細胞ネットワークから成り立つ骨組織中でのCa2+オシレーションの動態は、周囲の骨基質が障壁となるためこれまで不明であった。近年我々は、骨組織をまるごと生きた状態のままCa2+イメージングする事に成功し、骨芽細胞と骨細胞の自律性細胞内Ca2+オシレーションの存在と、それらの現象に対するメカニカルストレスの影響およびギャップ結合の関与について報告した。本論文では、蛍光ライブイメージングを用いた骨組織中のCa2+オシレーションについて最新の研究成果を交えて解説する。(著者抄録)

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Oscillatory intracellular Ca2+ responses in living bone

Yoshihito Ishihara, Yasuyo Sugawara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Keiji Naruse, Takashi Yamashiro

Journal of Oral Biosciences   56 ( 2 )   49 - 53   2014

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Language：English   Publisher：Japanese Association for Oral Biology  

Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is an important secondary messenger that modulates many cellular processes. Its oscillatory signaling is considered to participate in the regulation of many different cell functions, including bone metabolism. However, it is not entirely clear whether Ca2+ oscillations occur between osteoblasts and osteocytes in integrated bone tissues because of the complex mineralized matrices surrounding bone cells. To address this issue, we have recently developed a novel ex vivo realtime imaging system, which made it possible to observe repetitive and autonomous oscillations in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in intact chick calvarial explants. This system revealed that Ca2+ release from intracellular stores plays a key role in Ca2+ oscillations in bone cells. Additionally, gap junctions are important for the maintenance of these oscillations in osteocytes but not in osteoblasts. In this review, we describe the dynamic oscillatory elevations of Ca2+ levels that occur in osteoblasts and osteocytes in living bone. © 2014 Japanese Association for Oral Biology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2014.03.002

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