Papers - KAMIOKA Hiroshi

Clinical Prediction Models for Upper Airway Volume Based on Soft Palate and Airway Lumen Dimensions in Adults With Varying Vertical Skeletal Patterns

Janvier Habumugisha, Sumire Ida, Masahiro Nakamura, Kana Kono, Kenta Uchida, Takumi Moriya, Megumi Konko, Satoru Hayano, Takashi Izawa, Hiroshi Kamioka

International Dental Journal   2024.10

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.023

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多様な顕微鏡を用いた,骨細胞ネットワーク形成におけるコラーゲン細線維集束の重要性の解明

橋本 真奈, 高橋 春香, 田畑 香織, 長岡 紀幸, 原 徹, 飯村 忠浩, 上岡 寛

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   34 ( 2 )   68 - 69   2024.11

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本骨形態計測学会  

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The cell membrane as biofunctional material for accelerated bone repair. Reviewed International journal

Emi Hatano, Nahid Akhter, Risa Anada, Mitsuaki Ono, Toshitaka Oohashi, Takuo Kuboki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Masahiro Okada, Takuya Matsumoto, Emilio Satoshi Hara

Acta biomaterialia   2024.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The cell (plasma) membrane is enriched with numerous receptors, ligands, enzymes, and phospholipids that play important roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions governing, for instance, tissue development and repair. We previously showed that plasma membrane nanofragments (PMNFs) act as nucleation sites for bone formation in vivo, and induce in vitro mineralization within 1 day. In this study, we optimized the methods for generating, isolating, and applying PMNFs as a cell-free therapeutic to expedite bone defect repair. The PMNFs were isolated from different mouse cell lines (chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts), pre-conditioned, lyophilized, and subsequently transplanted into 2 mm critical-sized calvarial defects in mice (n = 75). The PMNFs from chondrocytes, following a 3-day pre-incubation, significantly accelerated bone repair within 2 weeks, through a coordinated attraction of macrophages, endothelial cells, and osteoblasts to the healing site. In vitro experiments confirmed that PMNFs enhanced cell adhesion. Comparison of the PMNF efficacy with phosphatidylserine, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), and living cells confirmed the unique ability of PMNFs to promote accelerated bone repair. Importantly, PMNFs promoted nearly complete integration of the regenerated bone with native tissue after 6 weeks (% non-integrated bone area = 15.02), contrasting with the partial integration (% non-integrated bone area = 56.10; p < 0.01, Student's test) with transplantation of ACP. Vickers microhardness tests demonstrated that the regenerated bone after 6 weeks (30.10 ± 1.75) exhibited hardness similar to native bone (31.07 ± 2.46). In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate that cell membrane can be a promising cell-free material with multifaceted biofunctional properties that promote accelerated bone repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.

DOI： 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.037

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Filamin A mediates embryonical palatal fusion by linking mechanotransduction with β-Catenin/Smad2 Reviewed

Ziyi Wang, Satoru Hayano, Yao Weng, Xindi Mu, Mitsuaki Ono, Jeremie Oliver Piña, Rena N. D'Souza, Takashi Yamashiro, Toshitaka Oohashi, Hiroshi Kamioka

2024.2

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Authorship：Last author   Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  

To decipher potential mechanisms underlying cleft palate (CP), we used advanced bioinformatic integrated with literature mining and genome-wide association study (GWAS). Re-analysis of RNA-seq data (GSE45568, GSE185279) combined with literature mining highlighted the roles of Filamin A (Flna) and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in palatal development. Immunofluorescence of in vivo palatal shelves showed increased Flna in medial edge epithelial (MEE) cells and EMT cells located in an epithelial triangle. Inhibition of TGF-β or RhoA and mechanical stimuli impacted Flna expression in ex vivo cultured palatal shelves. Re-analysis of scRNA-seq data (GSE155928) highlighted a correlation between Flna and Ctnnb1 in EMT cells. Flna knockdown affected β-catenin/Smad2 expression in cultured palatal shelves and HaCaT cells. Epithelium-specific knockout of Flna delayed palatal fusion in female mice but not males. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that parental habitual physical activity (HPA) was causally associated with lower risk of CP in their offspring. Together, these findings suggested that parental HPA could benefit their offspring's palatal development through Flna by linking mechanotransduction with the Wnt/TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways during palatal fusion.

DOI： 10.1101/2024.02.16.580664

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Comprehensive clinical evaluation of indirect and direct bonding techniques in orthodontic treatment: a single-centre, open-label, quasi-randomized controlled clinical trial Reviewed

Kana Kono, Takashi Murakami, Saori Tanizaki, Noriaki Kawanabe, Atsuro Fujisawa, Masahiro Nakamura, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Takashi Izawa, Hiroshi Kamioka

2024

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author  

DOI： 10.1093/ejo/cjae036

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Effect of mechanical stretching stimulation on maturation of human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts Reviewed

Mengxue Wang, Harumi Idei, Chen Wang, Yin Liang, Yun Liu, Yusuke Matsuda, Ken Takahashi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Keiji Naruse

2023.12

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Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  

Abstract

In the realm of regenerative medicine, despite the various techniques available for inducing the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into cardiomyocytes, there remains a need to enhance the efficiency of this induction process. This study aimed to improve the differentiation efficiency of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) by incorporating mechanical stretching. Human iPS cells were co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stretch chamber, where mechanical stretching stimulation was applied during the induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation. The maturation of iPS-CMs was assessed using qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, and contractility comparisons. Results indicated significantly elevated gene expression levels of cardiomyocyte markers (cTnT) and the mesodermal marker (Nkx2.5) in the stretch group compared to the control group. Fluorescent immunocytochemical staining revealed the presence of cardiac marker proteins (cTnT and HCN4) in both groups, with higher protein expression in the stretch group. Additionally, sarcomere length in the stretch group was notably larger than in the control group. A significant increase in the contractility of iPS-CMs was observed in the stretch group. These findings demonstrate that mechanical stretching stimulation enhances the maturity and differentiation efficiency of iPS-CMs co-cultured with fibroblasts.

DOI： 10.1101/2023.12.15.567696

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Bundling of collagen fibrils influences osteocyte network formation during bone modeling Reviewed

Mana Hashimoto, Haruka Takahashi, Kaori Tabata-Okubo, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Kazuaki Tokunaga, Haruka Matsumori, Yoshihito Ishihara, Masaru Kaku, Tadahiro Iimura, Toru Hara, Hiroshi Kamioka

Scientific Reports   13 ( 1 )   2023.12

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Osteocytes form a cellular network by gap junctions between their cell processes. This network is important since intercellular communication via the network is essential for bone metabolism. However, the factors that influence the formation of this osteocyte network remain unknown. As the early stage of osteocyte network formation occurs on the bone surface, we observed a newly formed trabecular bone surface by orthogonal focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy. The embedding late osteoblast processes tended to avoid bundled collagen fibrils and elongate into sparse collagen fibrils. Then, we examined whether the inhibition of bundling of collagen fibrils using a potent lysyl oxidase inhibitor, β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) changed the cellular network of the chick calvaria. The osteocyte shape of the control group was spindle-shape, while that of the BAPN group was sphere-shaped. In addition, the osteocyte processes of the control group were elongated vertically to the long axis of the cell body, whereas the osteocyte processes of the BAPN group were elongated radially. Therefore, it was suggested that the bundling of collagen fibrils influences normal osteocyte network formation during bone modeling.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-48786-y

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-48786-y

Novel prediction models for pharyngeal‐airway volume based on the cranial‐base and midsagittal cross‐sectional area of the airway in the pharyngeal region: A cephalometric and magnetic resonance imaging study Reviewed

Janvier Habumugisha, Masahiro Nakamura, Kana Kono, Kenta Uchida, Megumi Konko, Takashi Izawa, Hiroshi Kamioka

Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research   2023.12

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Objective

The objective of the study was to elucidate the association between cranial base (Bjork‐Jarabak analysis), midsagittal cross‐sectional area of the airway in the pharyngeal region (MCSA‐PR) data and pharyngeal‐airway volume (PAV) and develop a model that could help clinicians predict PAV using two‐dimensional (2D) data (Bjork polygon and MCSA‐PR).

Materials and Methods

Pre‐treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 82 women were categorized into three anteroposterior skeletal groups based on ANB angle: Class I (n = 29), 1.5° ≤ ANB≤5.1°; Class II (n = 26), ANB &gt;5.1°; Class III (n = 27), ANB &lt;1.5°. The Bjork polygon, MCSA‐PR data from cephalograms and PAV data from MRI scans were examined. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with pairwise comparisons conducted using the Bonferroni‐corrected Mann–Whitney U‐test for the Kruskal–Wallis test and Bonferroni‐corrected multiple comparison test for one‐way ANOVA. Forward multiple linear regression was used to create model equations for predicting PAV.

Results

MCSA‐PR and anterior (N‐S) and posterior (S‐Ar) cranial‐base lengths were positively correlated with the PAV. We developed four models; three operated at the group level, and one encompassed the entire sample. Notably, all models could effectively explain the variance in the PAV data. The model for the Class I group was the strongest (adjusted R² = 0.77).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate the remarkable potential of the MCSA‐PR, N‐S and Bjork sum angles (BSA) as predictors of the PAV and the relevance of 2D cephalometric and cranial‐base parameters in predicting the three‐dimensional (3D) pharyngeal‐airway size.

DOI： 10.1111/ocr.12735

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Ruxolitinib altered IFN-β induced necroptosis of human dental pulp stem cells during osteoblast differentiation. Reviewed International journal

Atsuko Tanaka, Satoru Hayano, Masayo Nagata, Takahiro Kosami, Ziyi Wang, Hiroshi Kamioka

Archives of oral biology   155   105797 - 105797   2023.11

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the role of ruxolitinib in the interferon beta (IFN-β) mediated osteoblast differentiation using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). DESIGN: hDPSCs from five deciduous teeth of healthy patients were stimulated by adding human recombinant IFN-β protein (1 or 2 ng/ml) to the osteogenic differentiation induction medium. Substrate formation was determined using Alizarin Red staining, calcium concentration, and osteoblast marker expression levels. Ruxolitinib was used to inhibit the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Apoptosis was detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and necroptosis was detected using propidium iodide staining and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL) expression. RESULTS: In the IFN-β-treated group, substrate formation was inhibited by a reduction in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Although the proliferation potency was unchanged between the IFN-β-treated and control groups, the cell number was significantly reduced in the experimental group. TUNEL-positive cell number was not significantly different; however, the protein level of necroptosis markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and pMLKL were significantly increased in the substrate formation. Cell number and ALP expression level were improved in the group administered ruxolitinib, a JAK-STAT inhibitor. Additionally, ruxolitinib significantly suppressed IL-6 and pMLKL levels. CONCLUSION: Ruxolitinib interfered with the IFN-β-mediated necroptosis and osteogenic differentiation via the JAK-STAT pathway.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105797

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Three-dimensional changes in the cranial base associated with soft-diet feeding. Reviewed International journal

Yuka Murata, Chihiro Tanikawa, Yuki Shiraishi, Toshihiro Inubushi, Kana Kono, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

European journal of orthodontics   2023.10

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Masticatory activity affects the morphology of the maxillo-mandibular complex, however, its influence on the cranial base remains to be elucidated. The recent integration of quantitative morphometric analysis with 3D imaging enabled a comprehensive and high-resolution morphological characterization of the craniofacial complex. We aimed to investigate the influence of masticatory activity on the morphology of the growing cranial base by three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometric approach using micro-CT. METHODS: The micro-CT data was reanalyzed to illustrate the 3D shape of the cranial base, and wireframe models were generated by connecting landmarks on the images. In the original study, mice were fed a soft diet (SD) of powdered pellets or a conventional hard diet (HD) for 6 weeks from 3 to 9 weeks of age, immediately after weaning. A principal component (PC) analysis analyzed shape variations and assessed their significance, while canonical variate (CV) analysis facilitated the comparison and differentiation of groups based on shape, unveiling meaningful shape distinctions. RESULTS: Three PCs were extracted that significantly separated the SD and HD groups among those explaining variations in shape. These PCs were related to the length of the sphenoid bone, the width of the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, and the length of the cranial base. Furthermore, one CV effectively distinguished SD from HD, and CV analysis showed that the sphenoid was shortened in the length and narrowed at the border of the temporal bone in SD mice. CONCLUSIONS: Masticatory loading affects the skeletal development of the cranial base. The morphology of the sphenoid bone was affected in both the sagittal and transverse axes.

DOI： 10.1093/ejo/cjad058

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Mechanical stretching determines the orientation of osteoblast migration and cell division. Reviewed

Fumiko Takemoto, Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Hirohiko Okamura, Mika Ikegame

Anatomical science international   98 ( 4 )   521 - 528   2023.9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Osteoblasts alignment and migration are involved in the directional formation of bone matrix and bone remodeling. Many studies have demonstrated that mechanical stretching controls osteoblast morphology and alignment. However, little is known about its effects on osteoblast migration. Here, we investigated changes in the morphology and migration of preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells after the removal of continuous or cyclic stretching. Actin staining and time-lapse recording were performed after stretching removal. The continuous and cyclic groups showed parallel and perpendicular alignment to the stretch direction, respectively. A more elongated cell morphology was observed in the cyclic group than in the continuous group. In both stretch groups, the cells migrated in a direction roughly consistent with the cell alignment. Compared to the other groups, the cells in the cyclic group showed an increased migration velocity and were almost divided in the same direction as the alignment. To summarize, our study showed that mechanical stretching changed cell alignment and morphology in osteoblasts, which affected the direction of migration and cell division, and velocity of migration. These results suggest that mechanical stimulation may modulate the direction of bone tissue formation by inducing the directional migration and cell division of osteoblasts.

DOI： 10.1007/s12565-023-00716-8

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岡山大学病院口唇裂・口蓋裂総合治療センター開設以来の患者受診状況の臨床統計的調査

吉川 友理, 植田 紘貴, 有村 友紀, 飯田 征二, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   35 ( 1 )   115 - 116   2023.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

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唇顎口蓋裂患者に対する上顎骨前方部骨延長術と下顎骨後方移動術における硬軟組織変化の比較検討

安富 成美, 植田 紘貴, 有村 友紀, 森谷 智文, 松村 達志, 上岡 寛, 飯田 征二

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   35 ( 1 )   37 - 49   2023.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

背景 唇顎口蓋裂患者では,初回手術の外科侵襲の影響により上顎骨の成長が障害され上顎骨の前方移動術が必要となる症例があるが,鼻咽腔閉鎖機能への影響を鑑み,その適応には苦慮する.そこで当施設では上顎前歯部のみの上顎骨を前方に延長する上顎骨前方部骨延長術(Maxillary Anterior Segmental Distraction Osteogenesis:MASDO)を行っている.しかしながら本法での形態的改善について詳細に研究された報告はない.方法 岡山大学病院口腔外科顎口腔再建外科部門および岡山大学病院矯正歯科で過去20年間に外科的矯正治療を施行した唇顎口蓋裂症例は35例で,そのうちMASDOのみを施行した6例(MASDO群)と下顎骨後方移動術(Mandibular Osteotomy:MnOst)のみを施行した6例(MnOst群)の術前後の硬軟組織の形態の変化を側面頭部エックス線規格写真により比較検討した.結果 両群とも術後に顔面突出度が増加し,MASDO群では上顎骨の前方移動に伴い鼻下点(SN)と口裂接触点(St)が有意に前方移動し,上下口唇の相対的位置関係は改善した.一方,MnOst群では中顔面の陥凹は改善したが,上下顎骨は後方位の顎態を示し,オトガイ部の後方移動に伴うStの後下方への移動が観察された.手術前後での硬組織,軟組織変化量の相関ではMASDO群で上顎中切歯切縁と上唇最突出点,B,Pog,GnとSt,MnOst群では下顎中切歯切縁,B,Pog,Gn,MeとStに相関を認めた.考察 両手術ともに中顔面の陥凹感は改善するが,MASDO群においてより良好な骨格的並びに軟組織Profileの改善が得られており,鼻咽腔閉鎖機能に問題がある上顎劣成長症例では理想的な治療法であることが示唆された.(著者抄録)

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下顎頭内側に周辺性骨腫を有する顔面非対称患者に外科的矯正治療を行った1例

河野 加奈, 竹本 史子, 太田 明美, 森谷 徳文, 加藤 壮真, 飯田 征二, 上岡 寛

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   33 ( 2 )   207 - 207   2023.5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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Treatment of Severe Open Bite Malocclusion with Four-Piece Segmental Horseshoe Le Fort I Osteotomy. Reviewed

Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Naoki Oka, Tatsushi Matsumura, Seiji Iida, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta medica Okayama   77 ( 1 )   97 - 104   2023.2

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English  

Appropriate operations in severe anterior open bite (AOB) cases are extremely complicated to perform because of the multiple surgical procedures involved, the difficulty of predicting posttreatment aesthetics, and the high relapse rate. We herein report a 16-year-old girl with skeletal Class II, severe AOB malocclusion, and crowding with short roots, and aesthetic and functional problems. Four-piece segmental Le Fort I osteotomy with horseshoe osteotomy was performed for maxillary intrusion, and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and genioplasty were performed for mandibular advancement. The malocclusion and skeletal deformity were significantly improved by the surgical orthodontic treatment. Functional and aesthetic occlusion with an improved facial profile was established, and no further root shortening was observed. Acceptable occlusion and dentition were maintained after a two-year retention period. This strategy of surgical orthodontic treatment with a complicated operative procedure might be effective for correcting certain severe AOB malocclusion cases.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/64369

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Pharmacologic inhibition of PARP5, but not that of PARP1 or 2, promotes cytokine production and osteoclastogenesis through different pathways. Reviewed International journal

Yosuke Asano, Yoshinori Matsumoto, Fang He, Takayuki Katsuyama, Eri Katsuyama, Shigetomo Tsuji, Hiroshi Kamioka, Jose La Rose, Robert Rottapel, Jun Wada

Clinical and experimental rheumatology   41 ( 9 )   1735 - 1745   2023.1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVES: PARPs, which are members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase superfamily, promote tumorigenesis and tumour-associated inflammation and are thus therapeutic targets for several cancers. The aim of the present study is to investigate the mechanistic insight into the roles PARPs for inflammation. METHODS: Primary murine macrophages were cultured in the presence or absence of the PARP5 inhibitor NVP-TNKS656 to examine the role of PARP5 for cytokine production. RESULTS: In contrast to the roles of other PARPs for induction of inflammation, we found in the present study that pharmacologic inhibition of PARP5 induces production of inflammatory cytokines in primary murine macrophages. We found that treatment with the PARP5 inhibitor NVP-TNKS656 in macrophages enhanced steady-state and LPS-mediated cytokine production through degradation of IκBα and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB. We also found that pharmacologic inhibition of PARP5 stabilises the adaptor protein 3BP2, a substrate of PARP5, and that accelerated cytokine production induced by PARP5 inhibition was rescued in 3BP2-deleted macrophages. Additionally, we found that LPS increases the expression of 3BP2 and AXIN1, a negative regulator of β-catenin, through suppression of PARP5 transcripts in macrophages, leading to further activation of cytokine production and inhibition of β-catenin-mediated cell proliferation, respectively. Lastly, we found that PARP5 inhibition in macrophages promotes osteoclastogenesis through stabilisation of 3BP2 and AXIN1, leading to activation of SRC and suppression of β-catenin, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that pharmacologic inhibition of PARP5 against cancers unexpectedly induces adverse autoinflammatory side effects through activation of innate immunity, unlike inhibition of other PARPs.

DOI： 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/qf55h8

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Imaging of Molecular Interaction Between CCN Protein 2 and Its Binding Partners: An In Situ Proximity Ligation 3 Assay of Interaction Between CCN2 and Rab14 4 in Chondrocytes Reviewed International journal

Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Eriko Aoyama, Hiroshi Kamioka, Masaharu Takigawa

Methods in Molecular Biology   2582   31 - 37   2023

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An in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) enables visualization of protein interactions in fixed cells. It is a powerful method for investigating protein-protein binding of endogenously expressed proteins. To confirm binding between CCN2 and Rab14 GTPase (Rab14) in chondrocytes, we performed a PLA using chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells. The protocol in this chapter introduces an optimized technique for visualizing intracellular interactions of CCN2 and Rab14 in fixed cells using a PLA.

DOI： 10.1007/978-1-0716-2744-0_4

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Electrochemical control of bone microstructure on electroactive surfaces for modulation of stem cells and bone tissue engineering. Reviewed International journal

Danfeng Cao, Jose G Martinez, Risa Anada, Emilio Satoshi Hara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Edwin W H Jager

Science and technology of advanced materials   24 ( 1 )   2183710 - 2183710   2023

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

Controlling stem cell behavior at the material interface is crucial for the development of novel technologies in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The composition and presentation of bio-factors on a surface strongly influence the activity of stem cells. Herein, we designed an electroactive surface that mimics the initial process of trabecular bone formation, by immobilizing chondrocyte-derived plasma membrane nanofragments (PMNFs) on its surface for rapid mineralization within 2 days. Moreover, the electroactive surface was based on the conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy), which enabled dynamic control of the presentation of PMNFs on the surface via electrochemical redox switching, further resulting in the formation of bone minerals with different morphologies. Furthermore, bone minerals with contrasting surface morphologies had differential effects on the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSCs) cultured on the surface. Together, this electroactive surface showed multifunctional characteristics, not only allowing dynamic control of PMNF presentation but also promoting the formation of bone minerals with different morphologies within 2 days. This electroactive substrate could be valuable for more precise control of stem cell growth and differentiation, and further development of more suitable microenvironments containing bone apatite for housing a bone marrow stem cell niche, such as biochips/bone-on-chips.

DOI： 10.1080/14686996.2023.2183710

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含歯性嚢胞摘出後の顎骨欠損に起因する歯列不正に対し骨移植とともに矯正治療を行った1症例

橋本 真奈, 田中 敦子, 吉田 祥子, 伊原木 聰一郎, 上岡 寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   41 ( 2 )   35 - 42   2022.12

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：岡山歯学会  

8歳4ヵ月男児。7歳5ヵ月時に含歯性嚢胞に対し上顎右側乳側切歯、上顎左側乳中切歯、上顎正中過剰埋伏歯抜去術、上顎正中部歯性嚢胞摘出術を行った。その後、顎骨再生が不完全なため歯列不正を生じ、上顎両側側切歯の萠出遅延を認めた。上顎両側中切歯間の顎骨欠損を伴う骨格性I級、アングルII級、上下顎歯列叢生症例と診断し、オトガイ骨からの自家骨移植術を併用して矯正治療を行った。

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Important roles of odontoblast membrane phospholipids in early dentin mineralization Reviewed International journal

Risa Anada, Emilio Satoshi Hara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Masahiro Okada, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takuya Matsumoto

Journal of Materials Chemistry B   11 ( 3 )   657 - 666   2022.12

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)  

The objective of this study was to first identify the timing and location of early mineralization of mouse first molar, and subsequently, to characterize the nucleation site for mineral formation...

DOI： 10.1039/d2tb02351b

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上顎骨骨切り術における翼突上顎縫合の異常骨折に関する形態計測学的検討

小畑 協一, 伊原木 聰一郎, 上岡 寛

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   32 ( 1 )   S199 - S199   2022.5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本骨形態計測学会  

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多数歯欠損を伴う高齢期の下顎前突症患者に対する外科的矯正治療を伴った包括的歯科治療の1例 Reviewed

河野 加奈, 中村 政裕, 吉岡 徳枝, 川邉 紀章, 西山 明慶, 佐々木 朗, 上岡 寛

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   32 ( 1 )   48 - 59   2022.4

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

症例は65歳女性で、顎変形症の治療が保険適用となったことを知り、加療を希望し当院口腔外科を受診後、当科を紹介により受診した。機能性反対咬合および下顎骨の右方偏位を伴う下顎前突症と診断し、骨格性の改善を図るため外科的矯正治療を選択した。歯系では下顎骨の後方移動量を確保するため、術前矯正治療にて下顎前歯部に歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを埋入し、小臼歯の近心移動により空隙を閉鎖するとともに前歯部の唇側傾斜および圧下を図ることとした。上顎歯列は補綴処理による咬合獲得を行い、下顎右側臼歯部においても補綴処置による咬合獲得を行った。軟組織ではオトガイを後退させることでEラインに対する上下口唇の後退を改善し、下顎臼歯部が欠損していたため術後の安定性を考慮して下顎枝矢状分割術を選択した。

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A morphometric analysis of the osteocyte canaliculus using applied automatic semantic segmentation by machine learning Reviewed

Kaori Tabata, Mana Hashimoto, Haruka Takahashi, Ziyi Wang, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Toru Hara, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   40 ( 4 )   571 - 580   2022.3

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INTRODUCTION: Osteocytes play a role as mechanosensory cells by sensing flow-induced mechanical stimuli applied on their cell processes. High-resolution imaging of osteocyte processes and the canalicular wall are necessary for the analysis of this mechanosensing mechanism. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) enabled the visualization of the structure at the nanometer scale with thousands of serial-section SEM images. We applied machine learning for the automatic semantic segmentation of osteocyte processes and canalicular wall and performed a morphometric analysis using three-dimensionally reconstructed images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six-week-old-mice femur were used. Osteocyte processes and canaliculi were observed at a resolution of 2 nm/voxel in a 4 × 4 μm region with 2000 serial-section SEM images. Machine learning was used for automatic semantic segmentation of the osteocyte processes and canaliculi from serial-section SEM images. The results of semantic segmentation were evaluated using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The segmented data were reconstructed to create three-dimensional images and a morphological analysis was performed. RESULTS: The DSC was > 83%. Using the segmented data, a three-dimensional image of approximately 3.5 μm in length was reconstructed. The morphometric analysis revealed that the median osteocyte process diameter was 73.8 ± 18.0 nm, and the median pericellular fluid space around the osteocyte process was 40.0 ± 17.5 nm. CONCLUSION: We used machine learning for the semantic segmentation of osteocyte processes and canalicular wall for the first time, and performed a morphological analysis using three-dimensionally reconstructed images.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-022-01321-x

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Improvement of anterior disc displacement on the mandibular deviated side after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy in a patient with facial asymmetry: a case report Reviewed

Hirotaka Ueda, Naoki Oka, Tsuyoshi Shimo, Akira Sasaki, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Clinical and Investigative Orthodontics   81 ( 1 )   58 - 67   2022.1

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Purpose We present the orthognathic treatment of an adult skeletal Class III patient with facial asymmetry, mandibular rightward deviation, and anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) at the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO). Materials and methods The patient was a 23-year-old man with complaints of mandibular deviation and crowded lower anterior teeth, resulting in facial asymmetry. The maxillary position was normal with protrusion and rightward deviation of the mandible. There was no cant of the maxilla. He experienced pain in the right TMJ during mastication, and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an ADDwoR on the right side. The patient was diagnosed with Class III malocclusion, skeletal Class III prognathism with mandibular deviation, and ADDwoR on the right side. Orthognathic surgery was proposed for jaw deformity, and IVRO was performed to correct mandibular deviation. Results One year and 2 months after treatment onset, IVRO was performed with differential setback: 2 mm on the right and 8 mm on the left side of the mandible. The midline of the lower dentition was rotated by 6 mm to coincide with the facial midline. Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were not observed post-operatively. Active-treatment period was for 31 months. MRI findings showed improvement in anterior disc displacement on the right side during the post-retention. Conclusion In the case of facial asymmetry with anterior disc displacement on the mandibular deviated side, IVRO was suggested to have a potential effect on the positional relationship between the mandibular head and temporomandibular disc.

DOI： 10.1080/27705781.2022.2044700

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High-resolution image-based simulation reveals membrane strain concentration on osteocyte processes caused by tethering elements Reviewed

Yuka Yokoyama, Yoshitaka Kameo, Hiroshi Kamioka, Taiji Adachi

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology   20 ( 6 )   2353 - 2360   2021.12

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<title>Abstract</title>Osteocytes are vital for regulating bone remodeling by sensing the flow-induced mechanical stimuli applied to their cell processes. In this mechanosensing mechanism, tethering elements (TEs) connecting the osteocyte process with the canalicular wall potentially amplify the strain on the osteocyte processes. The ultrastructure of the osteocyte processes and canaliculi can be visualized at a nanometer scale using high-resolution imaging via ultra-high voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM). Moreover, the irregular shapes of the osteocyte processes and the canaliculi, including the TEs in the canalicular space, should considerably influence the mechanical stimuli applied to the osteocytes. This study aims to characterize the roles of the ultrastructure of osteocyte processes and canaliculi in the mechanism of osteocyte mechanosensing. Thus, we constructed a high-resolution image-based model of an osteocyte process and a canaliculus using UHVEM tomography and investigated the distribution and magnitude of flow-induced local strain on the osteocyte process by performing fluid–structure interaction simulation. The analysis results reveal that local strain concentration in the osteocyte process was induced by a small number of TEs with high tension, which were inclined depending on the irregular shapes of osteocyte processes and canaliculi. Therefore, this study could provide meaningful insights into the effect of ultrastructure of osteocyte processes and canaliculi on the osteocyte mechanosensing mechanism.

DOI： 10.1007/s10237-021-01511-y

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Investigation of the molecular causes underlying physical abnormalities in Diamond‐Blackfan anemia patients with RPL5 haploinsufficiency Reviewed International journal

Yuko Fukui, Satoru Hayano, Noriaki Kawanabe, Ziyi Wang, Akira Shimada, Megumu K. Saito, Isao Asaka, Hiroshi Kamioka

Pathology International   71 ( 12 )   803 - 813   2021.12

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Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins and characterized by erythroid aplasia and various physical abnormalities. Although accumulating evidence suggests that defective ribosome biogenesis leads to p53-mediated apoptosis in erythroid progenitor cells, little is known regarding the underlying causes of the physical abnormalities. In this study, we established induced pluripotent stem cells from a DBA patient with RPL5 haploinsufficiency. These cells retained the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. However, RPL5 haploinsufficiency impaired the production of mucins and increased apoptosis in differentiated chondrocytes. Increased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes BAX and CASP9 further indicated that RPL5 haploinsufficiency triggered p53-mediated apoptosis in chondrocytes. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2), the primary negative regulator of p53, plays a crucial role in erythroid aplasia in DBA patient. We found the phosphorylation level of MDM2 was significantly decreased in RPL5 haploinsufficient chondrocytes. In stark contrast, we found no evidence that RPL5 haploinsufficiency impaired osteogenesis. Collectively, our data support a model in which RPL5 haploinsufficiency specifically induces p53-mediated apoptosis in chondrocytes through MDM2 inhibition, which leads to physical abnormalities in DBA patients.

DOI： 10.1111/pin.13168

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Roles for B[a]P and FICZ in subchondral bone metabolism and experimental temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via the AhR/Cyp1a1 signaling axis Reviewed

Yuri Yoshikawa, Takashi Izawa, Yusaku Hamada, Hiroko Takenaga, Ziyi Wang, Naozumi Ishimaru, Hiroshi Kamioka

Scientific Reports   11 ( 1 )   2021.12

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<title>Abstract</title>Bone loss due to smoking represents a major risk factor for fractures and bone osteoporosis. Signaling through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its ligands contributes to both bone homeostasis and inflammatory diseases. It remains unclear whether the same AhR signaling axis affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim of this study was to investigate possible mechanisms which mediate bone loss in the TMJ due to smoking. In particular, whether benzo[<italic>a</italic>]pyrene (B[<italic>a</italic>]P), a carcinogen of tobacco smoke, induces expression of the AhR target gene, Cyp1a1, in mandibular condyles. Possible functions of an endogenous ligand of FICZ, were also investigated in a TMJ-osteoarthritis (OA) mouse model. B[<italic>a</italic>]P was administered orally to wild-type and <italic>AhR</italic>^−/− mice and bone metabolism was subsequently examined. TMJ-OA was induced in wild-type mice with forceful opening of the mouth. Therapeutic functions of FICZ were detected with μCT and histology. Exposure to B[<italic>a</italic>]P accelerated bone loss in the mandibular subchondral bone. This bone loss manifested with osteoclastic bone resorption and upregulated expression of Cyp1a1 in an <italic>AhR</italic>-dependent manner. In a mouse model of TMJ-OA, FICZ exhibited a dose-dependent rescue of mandibular subchondral bone loss by repressing osteoclast activity. Meanwhile, in vitro, pre-treatment with FICZ reduced RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. B[<italic>a</italic>]P regulates mandibular subchondral bone metabolism via the Cyp1a1. The AhR ligand, FICZ, can prevent TMJ-OA by regulating osteoclast differentiation.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-94470-4

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科における永久歯先天性欠如の歯種別発生率の調査 Reviewed

太田 明美, 星島 光博, 中西 泰之, 植田 紘貴, 早野 暁, 上岡 寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   40 ( 2 )   19 - 26   2021.12

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9年間の矯正歯科治療患者2079名(男性682名、女性1397名、平均年齢20歳1ヵ月、中央値18歳3ヵ月)を対象に、永久歯先天性欠如(先欠歯)発生率を発生部位、歯種別に検討した。その結果、先欠歯発生率は284/2079名(13.7%)で、上顎での発生率が高かった。また、口唇口蓋裂(CLCP)患者や特定疾患患者では他の患者と比較して高い先欠歯発生率を認め、CLCP患者は上顎側切歯、特定疾患患者は上顎第二大臼歯の欠如が特徴的であった。

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O‐GlcNAcylation drives calcium signaling toward osteoblast differentiation: A bioinformatics‐oriented study Reviewed International journal

Yao Weng, Ziyi Wang, Yoko Fukuhara, Airi Tanai, Mika Ikegame, Daisuke Yamada, Takeshi Takarada, Takashi Izawa, Satoru Hayano, Kaya Yoshida, Hiroshi Kamioka, Hirohiko Okamura

BioFactors   47 ( 6 )   992 - 1015   2021.11

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This study aimed to reveal the possible mechanisms by which O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates osteoblast differentiation using a series of bioinformatics-oriented experiments. To examine the influence of O-GlcNAcylation levels on osteoblast differentiation, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitors. Correlations between the levels of O-GlcNAcylation and the expression of osteogenic markers as well as OGT were evaluated by qPCR and western blotting. The O-GlcNAcylated proteins assumed to correlate with Runx2 expression were retrieved from several public databases and used for further bioinformatics analysis. Following the findings of the bioinformatics analysis, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i ) was monitored in the cells treated with OGT and OGA inhibitors using a confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLS). The interaction effect between O-GlcNAcylation and [Ca2+ ]i on osteogenic marker expression was determined using stable OGT knockdown MC3T3-E1 cells. O-GlcNAcylation was positively associated with osteoblast differentiation. The time-course profile of global O-GlcNAcylated proteins showed a distinctive pattern with different molecular weights during osteoblast differentiation. The expression pattern of several O-GlcNAcylated proteins was significantly similar to that of Runx2 expression. Bioinformatic analysis of the retrieved Runx2-related-O-GlcNAcylated-proteins revealed the importance of [Ca2+ ]i . CLS showed that alteration of O-GlcNAcylation rapidly changed [Ca2+ ]i in MC3T3-E1 cells. O-GlcNAcylation and [Ca2+ ]i showed an interaction effect on the expression of osteogenic markers. OGT knockdown disrupted the [Ca2+ ]i -induced expression changes of osteogenic markers. O-GlcNAcylation interacts with [Ca2+ ]i and elicits osteoblast differentiation by regulating the expression of osteogenic markers.

DOI： 10.1002/biof.1774

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RFX1‐mediated CCN3 induction that may support chondrocyte survival under starved conditions Reviewed International journal

Tomomi Mizukawa, Takashi Nishida, Sho Akashi, Kazumi Kawata, Sumire Kikuchi, Harumi Kawaki, Masaharu Takigawa, Hiroshi Kamioka, Satoshi Kubota

Journal of Cellular Physiology   236 ( 10 )   6884 - 6896   2021.10

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Cellular communication network factor (CCN) family members are multifunctional matricellular proteins that manipulate and integrate extracellular signals. In our previous studies investigating the role of CCN family members in cellular metabolism, we found three members that might be under the regulation of energy metabolism. In this study, we confirmed that CCN2 and CCN3 are the only members that are tightly regulated by glycolysis in human chondrocytic cells. Interestingly, CCN3 was induced under a variety of impaired glycolytic conditions. This CCN3 induction was also observed in two breast cancer cell lines with a distinct phenotype, suggesting a basic role of CCN3 in cellular metabolism. Reporter gene assays indicated a transcriptional regulation mediated by an enhancer in the proximal promoter region. As a result of analyses in silico, we specified regulatory factor binding to the X-box 1 (RFX1) as a candidate that mediated the transcriptional activation by impaired glycolysis. Indeed, the inhibition of glycolysis induced the expression of RFX1, and RFX1 silencing nullified the CCN3 induction by impaired glycolysis. Subsequent experiments with an anti-CCN3 antibody indicated that CCN3 supported the survival of chondrocytes under impaired glycolysis. Consistent with these findings in vitro, abundant CCN3 production by chondrocytes in the deep zones of developing epiphysial cartilage, which are located far away from the synovial fluid, was confirmed in vivo. Our present study uncovered that RFX1 is the mediator that enables CCN3 induction upon cellular starvation, which may eventually assist chondrocytes in retaining their viability, even when there is an energy supply shortage.

DOI： 10.1002/jcp.30348

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Quantitative Evaluation of Osteocyte Morphology and Bone Anisotropic Extracellular Matrix in Rat Femur Reviewed

Takuya Ishimoto, Keita Kawahara, Aira Matsugaki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takayoshi Nakano

Calcified Tissue International   109 ( 4 )   434 - 444   2021.10

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<title>Abstract</title>Osteocytes are believed to play a crucial role in mechanosensation and mechanotransduction which are important for maintenance of mechanical integrity of bone. Recent investigations have revealed that the preferential orientation of bone extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly composed of collagen fibers and apatite crystallites is one of the important determinants of bone mechanical integrity. However, the relationship between osteocytes and ECM orientation remains unclear. In this study, the association between ECM orientation and anisotropy in the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular system, which is thought to be optimized along with the mechanical stimuli, was investigated using male rat femur. The degree of ECM orientation along the femur longitudinal axis was significantly and positively correlated with the anisotropic features of the osteocyte lacunae and canaliculi. At the femur middiaphysis, there are the osteocytes with lacunae that highly aligned along the bone long axis (principal stress direction) and canaliculi that preferentially extended perpendicular to the bone long axis, and the highest degree of apatite <italic>c</italic>-axis orientation along the bone long axis was shown. Based on these data, we propose a model in which osteocytes can change their lacuno-canalicular architecture depending on the mechanical environment so that they can become more susceptible to mechanical stimuli via fluid flow in the canalicular channel.

DOI： 10.1007/s00223-021-00852-1

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Authors’ Response to Letter from Professor Birkedal Reviewed

Takuya Ishimoto, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takayoshi Nakano

Calcified Tissue International   110 ( 1 )   144 - 145   2021.8

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DOI： 10.1007/s00223-021-00901-9

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Authors’ Response to Letter from Professor Birkedal Reviewed

Takuya Ishimoto, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takayoshi Nakano

Calcified Tissue International   2021.8

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DOI： 10.1007/s00223-021-00901-9

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて上下顎前歯の圧下により治療したガミースマイルを示す過蓋咬合症例 Reviewed

片岡伴記, 星島光博, 上岡寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   33 ( 1 )   29 - 38   2021.8

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Index of Orthognathic Functional Treatment Need (IOFTN)とSeverity and Outcome Assessment (SOA)を用いた外科的矯正治療の適応基準の検討：ケースコントロール研究 Reviewed

中村政裕, 金光恵, 石田朋子, 中西泰之, 岡直毅, 藤澤厚郎, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   33 ( 1 )   1 - 8   2021.8

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著しく狭窄した上顎歯列弓に対して早期に外科的口蓋急速拡大法を行った片側性口唇裂・口蓋裂症例 Reviewed

中西 泰之, 星島 光博, 橋本 真奈, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   33 ( 1 )   87 - 87   2021.8

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A skeletal Class III facial asymmetry case with a canted occlusal plane treated by LeFort I with unilateral horseshoe osteotomy Reviewed

Tomoyo Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Norie Yoshioka, Hiroshi Kamioka

Orthodontic Waves   80 ( 3 )   171 - 183   2021.7

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DOI： 10.1080/13440241.2021.1952392

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下垂体機能低下を伴う中隔視神経異形成症患者の矯正歯科治療症例 Reviewed

河野加奈, 柳田剛志, 井澤俊, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   40 ( 1 )   1 - 10   2021.6

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A case of growing patient with occlusal cant and facial asymmetry associated with ocular torticollis Reviewed

植田紘貴, 難波裕生, 山城隆, 上岡寛

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   31 ( 2 )   134 - 134   2021.5

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J-GLOBAL

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Endonuclease increases efficiency of osteoblast isolation from murine calvariae Reviewed International journal

Yosuke Asano, Yoshinori Matsumoto, Jose La Rose, Fang He, Takayuki Katsuyama, Wang Ziyi, Shigetomo Tsuji, Hiroshi Kamioka, Robert Rottapel, Jun Wada

Scientific Reports   11 ( 1 )   8502 - 8502   2021.4

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<title>Abstract</title>Bone is a highly dynamic organ that undergoes remodeling equally regulated by osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. To clarify the regulation of osteoblastogenesis, primary murine osteoblasts are required for an in vitro study. Primary osteoblasts are isolated from neonatal calvariae through digestion with collagenase. However, the number of cells collected from one pup is not sufficient for further in vitro experiments, leading to an increase in the use of euthanized pups. We hypothesized that the viscosity of digested calvariae and digestion solution supplemented with collagenase results in cell clumping and reduction of isolated cells from bones. We simply added Benzonase, a genetically engineered endonuclease that shears all forms of DNAs/RNAs, in order to reduce nucleic acid-mediated viscosity. We found that addition of Benzonase increased the number of collected osteoblasts by three fold compared to that without Benzonase through reduction of viscosity. Additionally, Benzonase has no effect on cellular identity and function. The new osteoblast isolation protocol with Benzonase minimizes the number of neonatal pups required for an in vitro study and expands the concept that isolation of other populations of cells including osteocytes that are difficult to be purified could be modified by Benzonase.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-87716-8

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Camouflage treatment for skeletal maxillary protrusion and lateral deviation with classic-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Reviewed

Hoshijima M, Kawanabe N, Iida S, Yamashiro T, Kamioka H

Acta Medica Okayama   75 ( 2 )   205 - 212   2021.4

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We herein report the case of a 19-year-old female with a transverse discrepancy, skeletal Class II malocclusion, severe crowding with concerns of classic-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), aesthetics problems and functional problems. The main characteristics of classic EDS are loose-jointedness and fragile, easily bruised skin that heals with peculiar "cigarette-paper" scars. The anteroposterior and transverse skeletal discrepancies can generally be resolved by maxilla repositioning and mandibular advancement surgery following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment. However, this patient was treated with orthodontic camouflage but not orthognathic surgery because of the risks of skin bruising, poor healing and a temporomandibular disorder. A satisfactory dental appearance and occlusion were achieved after camouflage treatment with orthodontic anchor screws and the use of Class II elastics, including the preservation of the stomatognathic functions. Acceptable occlusion and dentition were maintained after a two-year retention period. This treatment strategy of orthodontic camouflage using temporary anchorage, such as anchor screws and Class II elastics, may be a viable treatment option for skeletal malocclusion patients with EDS.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/61902

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岡山大学病院口唇裂・口蓋裂総合治療センター矯正歯科にて咬合管理を開始した患者動態について Reviewed

植田 紘貴, 岡 直毅, 中村 政裕, 有村 友紀, 徳山 英二郎, 妹尾 貴矢, 松村 達志, 木股 敬裕, 飯田 征二, 上岡 寛

日本口蓋裂学会雑誌   46 ( 2 )   136 - 136   2021.4

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Correction to: Changes in the intra- and peri-cellular sclerostin distribution in lacuno-canalicular system induced by mechanical unloading (Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, (2021), 39, 2, (148-159), 10.1007/s00774-020-01135-9) Reviewed

Ryuta Osumi, Ziyi Wang, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoya Odagaki, Tadahiro Iimura, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   39 ( 2 )   160 - 162   2021.3

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In the original publication of the article, the left panel of Fig. 3 was published incorrectly. The correct version of Fig. 3 is provided below.The original article was updated.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-020-01155-5

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Changes in the intra- and peri-cellular sclerostin distribution in lacuno-canalicular system induced by mechanical unloading Reviewed

Ryuta Osumi, Ziyi Wang, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoya Odagaki, Tadahiro Iimura, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   39 ( 2 )   148 - 159   2021.3

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DOI： 10.1007/s00774-020-01135-9

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Age-related changes in the effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the position of labially impacted maxillary canines: A case-control study Reviewed

Momoko Harada-Karashima, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Ryuzo Kanomi

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics   159 ( 3 )   305 - 311   2021.3

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.10.026

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RFX1‐mediated CCN3 induction that may support chondrocyte survival under starved conditions Reviewed

Tomomi Mizukawa, Takashi Nishida, Sho Akashi, Kazumi Kawata, Sumire Kikuchi, Harumi Kawaki, Masaharu Takigawa, Hiroshi Kamioka, Satoshi Kubota

Journal of Cellular Physiology   2021.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1002/jcp.30348

Simultaneous distal movement of the maxillary first and second premolars can be achieved by distal movement of the maxillary first molar using a headgear Reviewed

Junichi Miyano, Noriaki Kawanabe, Atsushi Fujishiro, Ryuzo Kanomi, Hiroshi Kamioka

Orthodontic Waves   79 ( 4 )   171 - 178   2020.11

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DOI： 10.1080/13440241.2020.1845587

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Loading history changes the morphology and compressive force-induced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin in MLO-Y4 osteocytes Reviewed

Ziyi Wang, Yao Weng, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoya Odagaki, Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing, Takashi Izawa, Hirohiko Okamura, Hiroshi Kamioka

PeerJ   8   e10244 - e10244   2020.11

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<sec>
<title>Background</title>
In this study, we investigated the effect of the mechanical loading history on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
Three hours after MLO-Y4 osteocytes were seeded, a continuous compressive force (CCF) of 31 dynes/cm² with or without additional CCF (32 dynes/cm²) was loaded onto the osteocytes. After 36 h, the additional CCF (loading history) was removed for a recovery period of 10 h. The expression of RANKL, OPG, RANKL/OPG ratio, cell numbers, viability and morphology were time-dependently examined at 0, 3, 6 and 10 h. Then, the same additional CCF was applied again for 1 h to all osteocytes with or without the gap junction inhibitor to examine the expression of RANKL, OPG, the RANKL/OPG ratio and other genes that essential to characterize the phenotype of MLO-Y4 cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching technique was also applied to test the differences of gap-junctional intercellular communications (GJIC) among MLO-Y4 cells.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
The expression of RANKL and OPG by MLO-Y4 osteocytes without a loading history was dramatically decreased and increased, respectively, in response to the 1-h loading of additional weight. However, the expression of RANKL, OPG and the RANKL/OPG ratio were maintained at the same level as in the control group in the MLO-Y4 osteocytes with a loading history but without gap junction inhibitor treatment. Treatment of loading history significantly changed the capacity of GJIC and protein expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) but not the mRNA expression of Cx43. No significant difference was observed in the cell number or viability between the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells with and without a loading history or among different time checkpoints during the recovery period. The cell morphology showed significant changes and was correlated with the expression of OPG, Gja1 and Dmp1 during the recovery period.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
Our findings indicated that the compressive force-induced changes in the RANKL/OPG expression could be habituated within at least 11 h by 36-h CCF exposure. GJIC and cell morphology may play roles in response to loading history in MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells.


</sec>

DOI： 10.7717/peerj.10244

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Other Link： https://peerj.com/articles/10244.xml

Three-dimensional changes in the craniofacial complex associated with soft-diet feeding Reviewed

Kana Kono, Chihiro Tanikawa, Yuka Murata, Takeshi Yanagita, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

European Journal of Orthodontics   42 ( 5 )   509 - 516   2020.11

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)  

<title>Summary</title>
<sec>
<title>Background and objectives</title>
The masticatory force affects craniofacial development. We aimed to quantify the topological deviation of the growing craniofacial structure due to soft-food diet feeding and to map the region where the phenotypes appeared on three-dimensional (3D) images.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Material and methods</title>
Mice were fed a powdered soft diet (SD) or conventional hard diet (HD) of regular rodent pellets at 3 weeks of age until 9 weeks of age. The heads, excluding the mandibles, were scanned by micro-computed tomography. The topographic deviation of the bony surface was quantitatively assessed by a wire mesh fitting analysis. The actual displacement and significant differences were mapped and visualized in each x-, y-, and z-axis on the 3D craniofacial image. On these reconstructed images, two-dimensional linear measurements between the landmark points confirmed the 3D skeletal displacement.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
In the transverse direction, the zygomatic arches and the region in which the temporal muscle attaches to the parietal and temporal bones were narrow in the SD group. The temporal muscle attachment regions significantly shifted anteriorly, and consequently, the sagittal zygomatic arch shortened. Although the cranial sagittal length was not affected, the vertical height was also reduced in the SD group compared to the HD group.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
Our 3D surface-based analysis demonstrated that SD feeding resulted in reduced 3D bony development at the region where the chewing muscles attach to the zygomatic arches and the temporal and parietal bones. Interestingly, SD feeding induced an anterior shift in the temporal and parietal bone regions, which can affect the skeletal inter-jaw relationship.


</sec>

DOI： 10.1093/ejo/cjaa007

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The expression and regulation of Wnt1 in tooth movement-initiated mechanotransduction. Reviewed International journal

Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoya Odagaki, Ziyi Wang, Mika Ikegame, Hiroshi Kamioka

American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics   158 ( 6 )   e151 - e159   2020.10

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INTRODUCTION: The Wnt signaling pathway acts as a key regulator of skeletal development and its homeostasis. However, the potential role of Wnt1 in the mechanotransduction machinery of orthodontic tooth movement-initiated bone remodeling is still unclear. Hence, this study focused on the regulatory dynamics of the Wnt1 expression in both the periodontal ligament (PDL) and osteocytes in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: The Wnt1 expression in the orthodontically moved maxillary first molar in mice was assessed at 0, 1, and 5 days, on both the compression and tension sides. Primary isolated human PDL (hPDL) fibroblasts, as well as murine long-bone osteocyte-Y4 (MLO-Y4) cells, were exposed to continuous compressive force and static tensile force. RESULTS: The relative quantification of immunodetection showed that orthodontic tooth movement significantly stimulated the Wnt1 expression in both the PDL and alveolar osteocytes on the tension side on day 5, whereas the expression on the compression side did not change. This increase in the Wnt1 expression, shown in vivo, was also noted after the application of 12% static tensile force in isolated hPDL fibroblasts and 20% in MLO-Y4 cells. In contrast, a compressive force led to the attenuation of the Wnt1 gene expression in both hPDL fibroblasts and MLO-Y4 cells in a force-dependent manner. In the osteocyte-PDL coculture system, recombinant sclerostin attenuated Wnt1 in PDL, whereas the antisclerostin antibody upregulated its gene expression, indicating that mechanically-driven Wnt1 signaling in PDL might be regulated by osteocytic sclerostin. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide that Wnt1 signaling plays a vital role in tooth movement-initiated bone remodeling via innovative mechanotransduction approaches.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.08.006

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Outer membrane vesicles derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis induced cell death with disruption of tight junctions in human lung epithelial cells Reviewed

Yuhan He, Noriko Shiotsu, Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara, Jiajie Guo, Yao Weng, Mika Ikegame, Ziyi Wang, Kisho Ono, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yasuhiro Torii, Akira Sasaki, Kaya Yoshida, Hirohiko Okamura

Archives of Oral Biology   118   104841 - 104841   2020.10

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DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104841

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上下顎骨骨切り術により顎運動の改善が見られた顎関節症を併発する骨格性下顎前突症例 Reviewed

菅原康代, 石原嘉人, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   32 ( 1 )   39 - 50   2020.8

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下顎枝垂直骨切り術後に顎関節症状の改善と偏位側への側方滑走運動の改善を認めた顔面非対称症例 Reviewed

植田紘貴, 岡直毅, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   32 ( 1 )   51 - 63   2020.8

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本症例では、顎関節症状と下顎骨の左方偏位を伴う顔面非対称症例に対して、下顎枝垂直骨切り術を伴う外科的矯正治療を行い、顎関節症状の改善と偏位側への側方滑走運動の改善を認めたので報告する。患者は19歳女性で、下顎の左方偏位と右側顎関節の開閉口時の疼痛を主訴に来院した。上顎骨は標準範囲内で後方位傾向、下顎骨は標準範囲内で前方位傾向にあり、骨格性III級を示した。大臼歯関係はAngle III級で、上顎前歯歯軸は唇側傾斜、下顎前歯歯軸は標準範囲内で舌側傾斜傾向を示し、上下顎前歯部に叢生を認めた。顔面正中に対して上顎歯列正中は一致、下顎歯列正中は5.0mm左方に偏位していた。初診時の顎口腔機能検査所見では、左方への側方滑走運動の制限と左右下顎頭の開閉口路の不一致を認めた。以上から、上下顎前歯部叢生、下顎骨の左方偏位と偏位側への側方滑走運動の制限を伴う顔面非対称の骨格性下顎前突症例と診断し、下顎枝垂直骨切り術により遠位骨片を右側で6.0mm、左側で1.0mm後方移動し、顔面非対称が改善された。治療終了時の顎口腔機能検査所見では、右側下顎頭の疼痛が消退し、左右下顎頭と下顎前歯の運動経路のばらつきが減少するとともに、偏位側への側方滑走運動量が増加した。以上から、偏位側への側方滑走運動の制限を伴う顔面非対称症例において、下顎枝垂直骨切り術を伴う外科的矯正治療を行い、正貌・側貌の形態的改善だけでなく、顎関節症状や偏位側への側方滑走運動の改善等、機能的な改善が得られることが示された。(著者抄録)

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて上顎前歯および臼歯の圧下を行ったガミースマイルを伴う過蓋咬合症例 Reviewed

早野 暁, 宮本久美, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   32 ( 1 )   17 - 24   2020.8

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An investigation and treatment cases of hypodontia in Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Hospital Reviewed

星島光博, 星島光博, 出射明美, 福井裕子, 鳥原秀美, 松田祐典, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   39 ( 2 )   19 - 25   2020.8

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J-GLOBAL

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Comprehensive approach to simultaneous molar intrusion and canine retraction in the treatment of Class II anterior open bite using miniscrew anchorage Reviewed

Kaori Shirasaki, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroki Komori, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics   25 ( 3 )   2020.5

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：FapUNIFESP (SciELO)  

ABSTRACT Introduction: Anterior open bite is one of the most difficult malocclusions to correct in orthodontic treatment. Molar intrusion using miniscrew anchorage has been developed as a new strategy for open bite correction; however, this procedure still has an important concern about prolonged treatment duration in the patient with anteroposterior discrepancy due to the separate step-by-step movement of anterior and posterior teeth. Objective: This article illustrates a comprehensive orthodontic approach for dentoalveolar open bite correction of an adult patient, by using miniscrew. Case report: A woman 19 years and 5 months of age had chief complaints of difficulty chewing with the anterior teeth and maxillary incisor protrusion. An open bite of -2.0 mm caused by slight elongation of the maxillary molars was found. The patient was diagnosed with Angle Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite due to the vertical elongation of maxillary molars. After extraction of the maxillary first premolars, concurrent movements of molar intrusion and canine retraction were initiated with the combined use of sectional archwires, elastic chains and miniscrews. Results: At 4 months after the procedure, positive overbite was achieved subsequent to the intrusion of maxillary molars by 1.5 mm and without undesirable side effects. Class I canine relation was also achieved at the same time. The total active treatment period was 21 months. The resultant occlusion and satisfactory facial profile were maintained after 54 months of retention. Conclusion: The presented treatment shows the potential to shorten the treatment duration and to contribute to the long-term stability for open bite correction.

DOI： 10.1590/2177-6709.25.3.30.e1-12.onl

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Benzonaseを用いた新規骨芽細胞分離法の開発 Reviewed

浅野 洋介, 松本 佳則, Ziyi Wang, 佐田 憲映, 上岡 寛, 和田 淳

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   30 ( 1 )   S99 - S99   2020.5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本骨形態計測学会  

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核内受容体AhRはRANK/c-Fosシグナル伝達経路を介して破骨細胞の分化を制御する

井澤 俊, 吉川 友理, 石丸 直澄, 上岡 寛

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   30 ( 1 )   S97 - S97   2020.5

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Inhibitory effect of retinoic acid receptor agonists on in vitro chondrogenic differentiation. Reviewed

Yusuke Sumitani, Kenta Uchibe, Kaya Yoshida, Yao Weng, Jiajie Guo, Haoze Yuan, Mika Ikegame, Hiroshi Kamioka, Hirohiko Okamura

Anatomical science international   95 ( 2 )   202 - 208   2020.3

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Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, plays pivotal roles in a wide variety of biological processes, such as body patterning, organ development, and cell differentiation and proliferation. RA signaling is mediated by nuclear retinoic acid receptors, α, β, and γ (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ). RA is a well-known regulator of cartilage and skeleton formation and RARs are also essential for skeletal growth and hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific gene expression. These important roles of RA and RARs in chondrogenesis have been widely investigated using in vivo mouse models. However, few reports are available on the function of each subtype of RARs on in vitro chondrocyte differentiation. Here, we examined the effect of specific agonists of RARs on chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 and C3H10T1/2 cells. Subtype-specific RAR agonists as well as RA decreased the expressions of chondrogenic differentiation marker genes and inhibited chondrogenic differentiation, which was accompanied with morphological change to spindle-shaped cells. Among RAR agonists, RARα and RARγ agonists revealed a strong inhibitory effect on chondrogenic differentiation. RARα and RARγ agonists also hampered viability of ATDC5 cells. These observations suggested that RARα and RARγ are dominant receptors of RA signaling that negatively regulate chondrogenic differentiation.

DOI： 10.1007/s12565-019-00512-3

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Orthodontic management of a non-syndromic patient with concomitant bimaxillary hypohyperdontia: a case report Reviewed International journal

Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing, Yoshihito Ishihara, Atsuro Fujisawa, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics   25 ( 1 )   36 - 46   2020.1

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth agenesis is one of the most common dental anomalies; however, the concomitant occurrence of opposite dental numerical variation of hypohyperdontia is extremely rare. Objective: To report the successful orthodontic management of a patient with non-syndromic concomitant bilateral agenesis of mandibular canines and two midline inverted supernumerary maxillary teeth. Case report: 21-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of protrusive right maxillary central incisor. The patient was diagnosed with a mild Class II skeletal base, Angle Class III molar relationship and increased overjet associated with hypohyperdontia. Anterior open bite accompanied with tongue-thrusting habit were also observed. Two temporary anchorage devices (TADs) were implanted at the buccal side of the maxillary molar region to control vertical height. Anterior teeth retraction was done after extraction of the maxillary first premolars, to improve the excessive overjet. The treatment mechanics involved lingual brackets system for the maxillary arch and transpalatal arch for anchorage control. Results: The total active treatment period was 35 months. Acceptable occlusion with increased bite force and contact area as well as functional excursion were established without interference, following complex orthodontic treatment with premolar substitution. The resultant occlusion and a satisfactory facial profile were maintained after 29 months of retention. Conclusion: The present case report provides implications regarding the orthodontic treatment of hypohyperdontia-associated substitution for missing teeth as an effective option for improving aesthetic and functional aspects.

DOI： 10.1590/2177-6709.25.1.036-046.oar

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The Analysis of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication Among Osteocytes in Chick Calvariae by Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching Invited Reviewed

Ziyi Wang, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroshi Kamioka

Methods in Molecular Biology   215 - 223   2020

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Springer US  

DOI： 10.1007/7651_2020_322

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューによりデンタルディコンペンセーションを図った骨格性III級症例に対する外科的矯正治療 Invited Reviewed

田中智代, 村上隆, 森谷徳文, 松村達志, 飯田征二, 上岡 寛

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   29 ( 4 )   295 - 303   2020

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Mechanical regulation of bone homeostasis through p130Cas-mediated alleviation of NF-κB activity Reviewed

T. Miyazaki, Z. Zhao, Y. Ichihara, D. Yoshino, T. Imamura, K. Sawada, S. Hayano, H. Kamioka, S. Mori, H. Hirata, K. Araki, K. Kawauchi, K. Shigemoto, S. Tanaka, L. F. Bonewald, H. Honda, M. Shinohara, M. Nagao, T. Ogata, I. Harada, Y. Sawada

Science Advances   5 ( 9 )   eaau780   2020

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File： Miyazaki(ScienceAdv).pdf

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フッ素イオンによるCCNファミリー遺伝子の制御

水川 朋美, 西田 崇, 明石 翔, 堀 彩花, 高柴 正悟, 上岡 寛, 滝川 正春, 久保田 聡

岡山歯学会雑誌   38 ( 2 )   85 - 85   2019.12

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Role of intracellular Ca2+-based mechanotransduction of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts Reviewed

Ei Hsu, Hlaing E, Ishihara Y, Wang Z, Odagaki N, Kamioka H

FASEB J   33 ( 9 )   10409 - 10424   2019.9

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File： EiEiHseHlaing(FASEB)2019.pdf

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Screening of key candidate genes and pathways for osteocytes involved in the differential response to different types of mechanical stimulation using a bioinformatics analysis. Reviewed

Ziyi Wang, Yoshihito Ishihara, Takanori Ishikawa, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Naoya Odagaki, Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism   37 ( 4 )   614 - 626   2019.7

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This study aimed to predict the key genes and pathways that are activated when different types of mechanical loading are applied to osteocytes. mRNA expression datasets (series number of GSE62128 and GSE42874) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). High gravity-treated osteocytic MLO-Y4 cell-line samples from GSE62128 (Set1), and fluid flow-treated MLO-Y4 samples from GSE42874 (Set2) were employed. After identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional enrichment was performed. The common DEGs between Set1 and Set2 were considered as key DEGs, then a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the minimal nodes from all of the DEGs in Set1 and Set2, which linked most of the key DEGs. Several open source software programs were employed to process and analyze the original data. The bioinformatic results and the biological meaning were validated by in vitro experiments. High gravity and fluid flow induced opposite expression trends in the key DEGs. The hypoxia-related biological process and signaling pathway were the common functional enrichment terms among the DEGs from Set1, Set2 and the PPI network. The expression of almost all the key DEGs (Pdk1, Ccng2, Eno2, Egln1, Higd1a, Slc5a3 and Mxi1) were mechano-sensitive. Eno2 was identified as the hub gene in the PPI network. Eno2 knockdown results in expression changes of some other key DEGs (Pdk1, Mxi1 and Higd1a). Our findings indicated that the hypoxia response might have an important role in the differential responses of osteocytes to the different types of mechanical force.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-018-0963-7

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Biomimetic mineralization using matrix vesicle nanofragments. Reviewed International journal

Yosuke Kunitomi, Emilio Satoshi Hara, Masahiro Okada, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Takuo Kuboki, Takayoshi Nakano, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takuya Matsumoto

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A   107 ( 5 )   1021 - 1030   2019.5

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In vitro synthesis of bone tissue has been paid attention in recent years; however, current methods to fabricate bone tissue are still ineffective due to some remaining gaps in the understanding of real in vivo bone formation process, and application of the knowledge in bone synthesis. Therefore, the objectives of this study were first, to perform a systematic and ultrastructural investigation of the initial mineral formation during intramembranous ossification of mouse calvaria from a material scientists' viewpoint, and to develop novel mineralization methods based on the in vivo findings. First, the very initial mineral deposition was found to occur at embryonic day E14.0 in mouse calvaria. Analysis of the initial bone formation process showed that it involved the following distinct steps: collagen secretion, matrix vesicle (MV) release, MV mineralization, MV rupture, and collagen fiber mineralization. Next, we performed in vitro mineralization experiments using MVs and hydrogel scaffolds. Intact MVs embedded in collagen gel did not mineralize, whereas, interestingly, MV nanofragments obtained by ultrasonication could promote rapid mineralization. These results indicate that mechanically ruptured MV membrane can be a promising material for in vitro bone tissue synthesis. © 2019 The Authors. journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Published By Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1021-1030, 2019.

DOI： 10.1002/jbm.a.36618

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スプリントによる下顎位確認後に下顎枝垂直骨切り術を行い偏位側への側方滑走運動が改善した顔面非対称症例 Reviewed

植田 紘貴, 岡 直毅, 上岡 寛

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   29 ( 2 )   192 - 192   2019.5

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(NPO)日本顎変形症学会  

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岡山大学病院口唇裂・口蓋裂総合治療センター開設後の受診患者の実態調査

植田 紘貴, 国富 陽介, 中西 泰之, 片岡 伴記, 村上 隆, 木股 敬裕, 飯田 征二, 上岡 寛

日本口蓋裂学会雑誌   44 ( 2 )   147 - 147   2019.4

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Nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a hypodivergent adult patient with bilateral posterior scissors bite and excessive overjet. Reviewed International journal

Nakamura M, Kawanabe N, Adachi R, Yamashiro T, Kamioka H

Angle Orthodontist   89 ( 2 )   333 - 349   2019.3

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This report illustrates successful nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a hypodivergent adult patient with bilateral posterior scissors bite (Brodie bite) and excessive overjet. A 26-year-old woman primarily reported maxillary incisor protrusion. She was diagnosed with Class ll division 1 malocclusion with skeletal Class I, short face, low mandibular plane angle and bilateral posterior scissors bite. A lingual arch with anterior bite block and posterior miniscrews with preadjusted edgewise appliances were used to improve the bilateral scissors bite. After achieving molar occlusion, the maxillary first premolars were extracted, and six miniscrews were used to improve the anterior-posterior and vertical discrepancies. After active treatment for 56 months, the convex facial profile with excessively protruded lips was improved and good interdigitation with ideal incisor relationship was achieved. Additionally, the irregular movements of the incisal path and the bilateral condyles during lateral excursion were improved. At 13 months of retention, a satisfactory facial profile, occlusion, and jaw movements were maintained. The treatment results suggest that miniscrews and fixed bite blocks were effective and efficient to facilitate correction of the bilateral scissors bite, excessive overjet, and vertical relationship correction in this nonsurgical orthodontic treatment.

File： Nakamura(AngleOrthod)2019.pdf

DOI： 10.2319/111617-791.1

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咬合平面傾斜と下顎両側側切歯先天欠如を伴う叢生症例に対し歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを併用し治療を行った1症例 Reviewed

河野加奈, 柳田剛志, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   1 ( 1 )   39 - 48   2019

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Surgical Orthodontic Correction of a Skeletal Class Ⅲ Case Treated by Dental Decompensation Using Anchor Screws Reviewed

TOMOYO TANAKA, TAKASHI MURAKAMI, NORIFUMI MORITANI, TATSUSHI MATSUMURA, SEIJI IIDA, HIROSHI KAMIOKA

The Japanese Journal of Jaw Deformities   29 ( 4 )   295 - 303   2019

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society of Jaw Deformities  

DOI： 10.5927/jjjd.29.295

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Differential distribution of microtubules in immature osteocytes in vitro. Reviewed

Murshid S, Takano-Yamamoto T, Kamioka H

Journal of Oral Biosciences   60 ( 4 )   98 - 101   2018.12

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Orthodontic correction of severe Class II malocclusion in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome. Reviewed International journal

Ishihara Y, Sugawara Y, Ei Hsu, Hlaing E, Nasu M, Kataoka T, Odagaki N, Takano-Yamamoto T, Yamashiro T, Kamioka H

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.   154 ( 5 )   718 - 732   2018.11

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Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex disorder that affects multiple systems and may cause craniofacial and dentofacial abnormalities. However, there is still a lack of evidence in the literature regarding the progress of orthodontic treatment in patients with PWS. This case report describes the successful orthodontic treatment of a patient with PWS. A girl, 9 years 0 months of age, who had been diagnosed with PWS had protruding maxillary incisors and a convex profile. Her malocclusion was due to the posteriorly positioned mandible. Screening tests for sleep apnea syndrome showed that she had sleep-disordered breathing, including obstructive sleep apnea and bruxism. We also observed an excessive overjet of 10.0 mm, a deep overbite of 6.8 mm, and the congenital absence of the mandibular second premolars. The patient was diagnosed with an Angle Class II malocclusion and a skeletal Class II jaw-base relationship with a deep overbite. Functional appliance therapy with mandibular advancement, which can enlarge the upper airway and increase the upper airspace, was performed to prevent further deterioration of the patient's obstructive sleep apnea. An acceptable occlusion with a proper facial profile and functional excursion were achieved without interference after comprehensive 2-stage treatment that incorporated orthodontic therapy for the patient's excessive overjet and deep overbite. The resulting occlusion was stable, and the occlusal force and the contact area gradually increased over a 2-year retention period. These results suggest that orthodontic treatment offers the opportunity to greatly improve the health and quality of life of people with PWS.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.05.040

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Role of osteocyte-PDL crosstalk in tooth movement via SOST/Sclerostin Reviewed

Odagaki N, Ishihara Y, Wang Z, Ei Hsu, Hlaing Ei, Nakamura M, Hoshimima M, Hayano S, Kawanabe N, Kamioka H

Journal of Dental Research   97 ( 12 )   1374 - 1382   2018.11

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Analysis of Ca2+ response of osteocyte network by three-dimensional time-lapse imaging in living bone. Reviewed

Tomoyo Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Junko Sunaga, Takashi Nishida, Mana Hashimoto, Naoya Odagaki, Ryuta Osumi, Taiji Aadachi, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism   36 ( 5 )   519 - 528   2018.9

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Osteocytes form a three-dimensional (3D) cellular network within the mineralized bone matrix. The cellular network has important roles in mechanosensation and mechanotransduction related to bone homeostasis. We visualized the embedded osteocyte network in chick calvariae and observed the flow-induced Ca2+ signaling in osteocytes using 3D time-lapse imaging. In response to the flow, intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) significantly increased in developmentally mature osteocytes in comparison with young osteocytes in the bone matrix. To investigate the differences in response between young and developmentally mature osteocytes in detail, we evaluated the expression of osteocyte-related genes using the osteocyte-like cell line MLO-Y4, which was 3D-cultured within type I collagen gels. We found that the c-Fos, Cx43, Panx3, Col1a1, and OCN mRNA levels significantly increased on day 15 in comparison with day 7. These findings indicate that developmentally mature osteocytes are more responsive to mechanical stress than young osteocytes and have important functions in bone formation and remodeling.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-017-0868-x

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Human gingival fibroblast feeder cells promote maturation of induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Reviewed

Matsuda Y, Takahashi K, Kamioka H, Naruse K

Biochem Biophys Res Commun.   503 ( 3 )   1798 - 1804   2018.9

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著しい骨格性下顎前突および多数歯欠如を伴う色素失調症患者に対して外科的矯正治療および補綴処置を行った一例 Reviewed

石本和也, 柳田剛志, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   30 ( 1 )   23 - 32   2018.8

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Role of the inferior alveolar nerve in rodent lower incisor stem cells Reviewed

Hayano S, Fukui Y, Kawanabe N, Nakamura M, Ishihara Y, Kamioka H

Journal of Dental Research   97 ( 8 )   954 - 961   2018.7

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Physiological role of urothelial cancer-associated one long noncoding RNA in human skeletogenic cell differentiation. Reviewed International journal

Takanori Ishikawa, Takashi Nishida, Mitsuaki Ono, Takeshi Takarada, Ha Thi Nguyen, Shinnosuke Kurihara, Takayuki Furumatsu, Yurika Murase, Masaharu Takigawa, Toshitaka Oohashi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Satoshi Kubota

Journal of Cellular Physiology   233 ( 6 )   4825 - 4840   2018.6

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A vast number of long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are found expressed in human cells, which RNAs have been developed along with human evolution. However, the physiological functions of these lncRNAs remain mostly unknown. In the present study, we for the first time uncovered the fact that one of such lncRNAs plays a significant role in the differentiation of chondrocytes and, possibly, of osteoblasts differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells, which cells eventually construct the human skeleton. The urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) lncRNA is known to be associated with several human malignancies. Firstly, we confirmed that UCA1 was expressed in normal human chondrocytes, as well as in a human chondrocytic cell line; whereas it was not detected in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Of note, although UCA1 expression was undetectable in hBMSCs, it was markedly induced along with the differentiation toward chondrocytes, suggesting its critical role in chondrogenesis. Consistent with this finding, silencing of the UCA1 gene significantly repressed the expression of chondrogenic genes in human chondrocytic cells. UCA1 gene silencing and hyper-expression also had a significant impact on the osteoblastic phenotype in a human cell line. Finally, forced expression of UCA1 in a murine chondrocyte precursor, which did not possess a UCA1 gene, overdrove its differentiation into chondrocytes. These results indicate a physiological and important role of this lncRNA in the skeletal development of humans, who require more sustained endochondral ossification and osteogenesis than do smaller vertebrates.

DOI： 10.1002/jcp.26285

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The temporospatial pattern of energy metabolism coordinates the interactions between the bones and other organ systems Reviewed

Ziyi Wang, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Oral Biosciences   60 ( 1 )   8 - 14   2018.3

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Background: Bones adapt to loads by changing their structure. This biomechanical interaction and the formation/maintenance of bones are orchestrated by three major cell types residing in the bones: osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Recent findings suggest that, in addition to their biomechanical interactions, bones and other organ systems may also communicate biochemically. Highlight: This brief review will discuss the interaction between the bones and the nervous system, vasculature, muscle, and fat tissues, with an emphasis on the role of the energy metabolism in these interactions. Conclusion: Studies on the connections between bones and other organ systems indicate the possible existence of a temporospatial pattern of energy metabolism through the cellular biorhythm and migration.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2017.11.001

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重度の埋伏永久歯を牽引誘導した2症例 Reviewed

石川崇典, 星島光博, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   37 ( 1 )   9 - 13   2018.1

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A case of adult cleft palate patient treatment with differential maxillary lateral expand distraction osteogenesis using combined expansion appliances Reviewed

Takeshi Yanagita, Hiroki Komori, Tomoyo Tanaka, Hiroshi Kamioka

Orthodontic Waves   77   176 - 188   2018

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier Ltd  

A 34-year-old female patient who had undergone surgical treatment for a cleft in the soft palate during childhood received orthodontic treatment for crowding. She had a straight type facial profile and facial asymmetry with a concave area on the left side of the philtrum and mandibular deviation to the left. The surgical scar was observed on the center of the palate. She also had a severely constricted maxillary arch and unilateral cross bite on the left side. In this report, we suggest a novel method for uneven maxillary lateral expansion using a dento-osseous-supported expansion appliance in the frontal side of the maxilla and a modified dental-supported expansion appliance in the mid-palatal area. With this method, we achieved the optimal maxillary expansion in the maxillary frontal and molar areas. As a result of the surgically-assisted orthodontic treatment, facial asymmetry, the facial midline, and severe malocclusion were corrected. Furthermore, the resulting occlusion and facial symmetry were maintained over a 2-year retention period. Although attention must be paid regarding the retention of the expanded maxillary bone, our findings in the present study suggest that differential maxillary lateral expand distraction osteogenesis, which is performed using combined expansion appliances, can be successfully performed in patients with cleft palate.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2018.04.003

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骨細胞におけるPerlecan/HSPG2の発現部位は細胞の成熟とともに細胞体から細胞突起へと変化する

鳥原 秀美, 大野 充昭, 佐々木 隆子, 上岡 寛, 大橋 俊孝

生命科学系学会合同年次大会   2017年度   [2P - 0326]   2017.12

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Three-dimensional morphometry of collagen fibrils in membranous bone. Reviewed International journal

Mana Hashimoto, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Kaori Tabata, Tomoyo Tanaka, Ryuta Osumi, Naoya Odagaki, Toru Hara, Hiroshi Kamioka

Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro   9 ( 11 )   868 - 875   2017.11

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY  

The collagen network acts as a scaffold for calcification and its three-dimensional structure influences bone strength. It is therefore important to observe the collagen network in detail and three-dimensionally. In this study, we observed the collagen network of chick embryonic calvariae in membranous bone three-dimensionally using orthogonally arranged FIB-SEM. A 25 × 25 μm area of chick embryonic calvaria was observed at a high resolution (25 nm per pixel). The inside of the bone (i.e. the primary calcified tissue), the bone cells (i.e. the osteoblasts and the osteocytes), the organelles, and the collagen fibrils were observed in detail. These structures were observed three-dimensionally using the Amira software program. In addition, the collagen fibrils of the bone were automatically extracted using the XTracing extension software program, and three-dimensional morphometry was performed. Almost all of the collagen fibrils ran along the longitudinal axis of the trabecular bone. We found that the regularity of the collagen fibril orientation was less remarkable in the osteoblast layer, which contained numerous osteoblasts. The collagen fibril orientation started to show regularity toward the central bone layer, which contained few bone cells.

DOI： 10.1039/c7ib00073a

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Synergistic acceleration of experimental tooth movement by supplementary high-frequency vibration applied with a static force in rats Reviewed

Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Kiyo Sasaki, Goudarzi Fatemeh, Tomohiro Fukunaga, Masahiro Seiryu, Takayoshi Daimaruya, Nobuo Takeshita, Hiroshi Kamioka, Taiji Adachi, Hiroto Ida, Atsushi Mayama

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   7 ( 1 )   241 - 249   2017.10

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

Several recent prospective clinical trials have investigated the effect of supplementary vibration applied with fixed appliances in an attempt to accelerate tooth movement and shorten the duration of orthodontic treatment. Among them, some studies reported an increase in the rate of tooth movement, but others did not. This technique is still controversial, and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we developed a new vibration device for a tooth movement model in rats, and investigated the efficacy and safety of the device when used with fixed appliances. The most effective level of supplementary vibration to accelerate tooth movement stimulated by a continuous static force was 3 gf at 70 Hz for 3 minutes once a week. Furthermore, at this optimum-magnitude, high-frequency vibration could synergistically enhance osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function via NF-kappa B activation, leading to alveolar bone resorption and finally, accelerated tooth movement, but only when a static force was continuously applied to the teeth. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism by which optimum-magnitude high-frequency vibration accelerates tooth movement, and may lead to novel approaches for the safe and effective treatment of malocclusion.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-13541-7

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Osteocyte Biologyアップデート 骨細胞ネットワーク形成に与えるコラーゲン線維構築の関与

上岡 寛, 橋本 真奈, 長岡 紀幸, 大嶋 佑介, 飯村 忠浩, 原 徹

Journal of Oral Biosciences Supplement   2017   148 - 148   2017.9

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A Novel Method to Detect 3D Mandibular Changes Related to Soft-Diet Feeding Reviewed

Kana Kono, Chihiro Tanikawa, Takeshi Yanagita, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY   8 ( AUG )   64 - 79   2017.8

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

Craniofacial morphology varies among individuals, which is regulated by the interaction between genes and the environment. Soft-diet feeding is a widely-used experimental model for studying the association between the skeletal morphology and muscle-related loading on the bone. Traditionally, these studies have been based on linear and angular measurements provided on two-dimensional (2D) radiographs in the lateral view. However, 2D observation is based on simplification of the anatomical structures and cannot detect three-dimensional (3D) changes in detail. In this study, we newly developed a modified surface-based analysis with micro-3D computed tomography (CT) to examine and detect the 3D changes in the mandible associated with soft-diet feeding. Mice at 3 weeks of age were fed a powdered soft-diet (SD) or hard-diet (HD) of regular rodent pellets until 9 weeks of age. Micro-CT images were taken at age 9 weeks to reconstruct the anatomical architecture images. A computer-generated averaged mandible was superimposed to directly visualize the morphological phenotypes. Gross observation revealed the apparent changes at the posterior body of the mandible, the angular process and the condyle between HD and SD mice. Significant differences in the mapping indicated the regions of significant displacement in the SD mice over the averaged 3D image of the HD mice. This map revealed that vertical displacement was most evident in 3D changes. We also noted a combination of vertical, transverse and anteroposterior directions of displacement in the condylar growth, resulting in complicated shape changes in the whole condylar process in SD mice. In contrast, transverse displacement was more significant in the coronoid process. The map analysis further showed the significant outward displacement of the inner surface of the alveolar process, which consequently resulted in thinning of the alveolar process.

DOI： 10.3389/fphys.2017.00567

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Comparative evaluation of treatment outcomes between temporary anchorage devices and Class III elastics in Class III malocclusions Reviewed

Masahiro Nakamura, Noriaki Kawanabe, Tomoki Kataoka, Takashi Murakami, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   151 ( 6 )   1116 - 1124   2017.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

Introduction: Our objective was to elucidate the differences in treatment outcomes caused by the different mechanics of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and Class III elastics in patients with Class III malocclusions. Methods: Records of 23 patients with Angle Class III malocclusion were selected retrospectively. All had been treated with nonextraction comprehensive orthodontic treatment; 11 were treated with TADs and 12 with Class III elastics. Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were used for evaluation of the treatment outcomes. A paired t test and a Student t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: In both groups, proper overjet and Class I molar relationships were achieved, and the occlusal plane was rotated counterclockwise. In the elastics group, distal tipping of the mandibular molars, extrusion of the mandibular incisors and maxillary molars, clockwise rotation of the mandibular plane angle, and increased ANB angle were observed. In the TADs group, distal tipping and intrusion of the mandibular molars, bodily movement of the mandibular incisors, and reduced mandibular plane angle were observed. Conclusions: In nonextraction treatment for Class III malocclusions, the mandibular plane angle was increased in the elastics group, whereas it was decreased in TADs group. Thus, we suggest that Class III elastics are preferred for low-angle, short-face patients, whereas TADs are preferred for high-angle, long-face patients.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.10.040

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CO2 low-level laser therapy has an early but not delayed pain effect during experimental tooth movement Reviewed

T. Deguchi, D. G. Kim, H. Kamioka

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH   20 ( 51 )   172 - 176   2017.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

Structured Abstract
ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that the use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) reduces elevated pain by controlling the release of neurochemicals during orthodontic tooth movement.
Setting and Sample PopulationDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Okayama University. Sixty-five Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to tooth movement and LLLT.
Materials and MethodsAdult Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. Groups included day 0 controls, irradiation only controls and with or without irradiation sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14days after tooth movement (n=5 each, total n=65). Tooth movement was achieved by insertion of an elastic module between molar teeth. Immunohistochemistry for CD-11b, GFAP and c-fos in the brain stem was performed. Stains were quantified by constructing a three-dimensional image using IMARIS, and counted using NEURON TRACER and WinROOF software. Two-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post hoc test (P&lt;.05) was used for statistical comparison between groups.
ResultsC-fos expression was significantly increased at one and three days after tooth movement. LLLT significantly diminished this increase in c-fos expression only at one day after tooth movement CD-b11 and GFAP expression also significantly increased after tooth movement. No significant change was observed for CD-11b and GFAP expression in the central nervous system upon LLLT.
ConclusionLow-level laser therapy may reduce early neurochemical markers but have no effect on delayed pain neurochemical markers after tooth movement.

DOI： 10.1111/ocr.12158

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岡山大学大学院歯科矯正学分野研究室における過去15年間および2013年から2016年の4年間の岡山大学の学生および職員に対する矯正相談の実態調査 Reviewed

田中智代, 村上隆, 石原嘉人, 中村政裕, 片岡伴記, 植田紘貴, 早野暁, 星島光博, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   36 ( 2 )   45 - 51   2017

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて多数埋伏歯の同時牽引を行った鎖骨頭蓋異骨症患者の1例 Reviewed

石本和也, 川邉紀章, Ei Hsu, Hlaing Ei, 片岡伴記, 村上隆, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   36 ( 1 )   7 - 12   2017

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The different effects of intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) on mandibular border movement Reviewed

Hiroki Komori, Noriaki Kawanabe, Tomoki Kataoka, Yui Kato, Atsuro Fujisawa, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Cranio - Journal of Craniomandibular Practice   36 ( 4 )   1 - 6   2017

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© 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Objectives: This study investigated the different effects of intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) on mandibular border movement. Methods: The participants included 22 patients receiving IVRO and 22 patients receiving SSRO who were treated at Okayama University Hospital. Their mandibular border movement was evaluated in three dimensions with 6° of freedom using an optical recording system. Results: A strong correlation between condylar and lower incisor movement was observed during maximum jaw protrusion and laterotrusion. Significant improvements in condylar and lower incisor movement were detected after orthognathic surgery during maximum jaw protrusion and laterotrusion in the IVRO group and during maximum jaw protrusion in the SSRO group. Discussion: IVRO likely achieves greater improvement in jaw movement than SSRO. Therefore, the application of IVRO could be considered in the treatment of patients with jaw deformities featuring temporomandibular joint problems.

DOI： 10.1080/08869634.2017.1317899

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岡山大学歯科矯正学分野「歯の移動の臨床手技実習」における60分授業・クォーター制への対応 Reviewed

片岡伴記, 星島光博, 原規子, 中村政裕, 早野暁, 村上隆, 川邊紀章, 上岡寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   35 ( 2 )   59 - 65   2017

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当大学の歯科矯正学分野において、「歯の移動の臨床手技実習」における60分授業・クォーター制を導入し、導入前後の年度で学生と教職員にアンケートを実施した。学生アンケートでは、導入前の平成27年度の実習受講生53名と導入後の平成28年度の受講生46名を対象とした。教職員アンケートでは、平成28年度の実習で指導にあたった教職員7名と補助した医局員20名を対象とした。その結果、導入後では実習内容、指導法、実習書といった教育コンテンツの改善により学生の自修意欲が高まり、一定の成果を上げることができていた。また、ICTを活用した授業支援システム"WebClass"も予習・復習に積極的に利用されており、成果に貢献していた。しかし、実習時間の短縮への対応の点では問題が残り、「時間不足」を訴える意見が多く聞かれた。

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下顎の垂直的な変化を制御するために歯科矯正用アンカースクリューとスライディングメカニクスを用い上下顎両側第二小臼歯を抜去して治療を行った上下顎前突症例 Reviewed

川邉紀章, 河野加奈, 片岡伴記, 中村政裕, 上岡寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   29 ( 1 )   27 - 36   2017

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骨格性下顎前突患者に対して上顎両側側切歯欠損部に下顎両側側切歯を移植し，カモフラージュ治療を行った一症例

片岡伴記, 藤澤厚郎, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   29 ( 1 )   17 - 26   2017

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上顎両側側切歯欠如と下顎前歯叢生を伴う下顎前突患者に対して、上顎欠如部に下顎側切歯を移植してカモフラージュ治療を行い、良好な結果が得られたので報告する。初診時年齢33歳11ヵ月の女性で、受け口を主訴として来院した。側貌は直線型で骨格的には3級、オーバージェットは-3.2mm、オーバーバイトは-3.1mmであった。臼歯関係は両側III級で、上顎両側側切歯先天欠如およびそれに伴う上顎空隙歯列、下顎前歯の中等度の叢生を認めた。まず治療の第一段階として、上顎歯列幅径の拡大と上顎中切歯の唇側傾斜を行い、上顎の両側側切歯欠如部にそれぞれ6.0mmのスペースを作った。そして、下顎側切歯を抜去後、同部に移植して生着するのを待った。その後、下顎抜歯空隙の閉鎖と下顎前歯の舌側傾斜を行いつつ上下顎歯列のアーチコーディネートおよびディテーリングを行った。これらの治療により許容可能な咬合を得ることができた。今回の症例のように、上顎歯列に先天欠如があり、それによる空隙歯列を生じている下顎前突患者に対してカモフラージュ治療を行う場合、スペース閉鎖のために補綴処置を行うか、あるいは歯科矯正用アンカースクリュー等の固定源を用いて臼歯部を近心移動することによって、空隙を閉鎖する必要がある。また、下顎歯列に対しては、ストリッピングや抜歯を行って下顎前歯部を舌側傾斜させて対処することが多い。本症例では、下顎の側切歯を上顎の欠如部に移植することにより、上顎側切歯の欠如、空隙歯列および下顎前歯部叢生という3つの問題に対処すると同時に、下顎前突症例をカモフラージュ治療することができた。尚、側切歯部の移植歯は、移植処置を行ってから約10年、動的矯正治療終了時から8年経過した現在も何ら問題を生じていない。(著者抄録)

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Modification of dentofacial growth associated with Goldenhar syndrome Reviewed

Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing, Yoshihito Ishihara, Chikako Hara, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta Medica Okayama   71 ( 5 )   437 - 443   2017

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The rare developmental defect, Goldenhar syndrome is characterized by complex craniofacial and dentofacial anomalies. Here we describe the successful orthodontic treatment of a 5-year-old Japanese Goldenhar syndrome patient with mild facial asymmetry, right microtia, right-side hearing loss, and tongue-thrusting by a modification of dentofacial growth using a non-surgical orthopedic treatment approach. Improvement of the vertical discrepancies on the affected side and canted occlusal plane as well as mandibular deviation were achieved with a functional orthopaedic approach. Stable and acceptable occlusion were obtained over the 32-month post-retention period. A non-surgical orthodontic treatment approach offers satisfactory facial aesthetic outcomes in Goldenhar syndrome.

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Orthognathic surgery during breast cancer treatment-A case report. International journal

Tsuyoshi Shimo, Norie Yoshioka, Masahiro Nakamura, Soichiro Ibaragi, Tatsuo Okui, Yuki Kunisada, Masanori Masui, Mayumi Yao, Koji Kishimoto, Shoko Yoshida, Akiyoshi Nishiyama, Hiroshi Kamioka, Akira Sasaki

International journal of surgery case reports   31   30 - 34   2017

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INTRODUCTION: In recent years, patients with orthognathic surgery in middle-aged and elderly people have come to be a more frequent occurrence. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in woman worldwide, and its prevalence rate is steadily increasing. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a 47-year-old Japanese woman in whom left-side breast cancer (Stage 1) was unexpectedly found just before orthognathic surgery in April 2012. Breast-conserving surgery was performed (estrogen receptor+, progesterone receptor+, HER2 -, surgical margin+, sentinel lymph node +) that May. From June to August docetaxel (75mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600mg/m2) were administrated four times every 21days and thereafter radiotherapy (total 60Gy) was completed. The cancer surgeon declared the prognosis good and the patient had a strong desire to undergo orthognathic surgery, so in November we performed a bimaxillary osteotomy, and administration of tamoxifen began 6 weeks after the osteotomy. DISCUSSION: There are breast cancer cases in which the prognosis is sufficiently good for a planned orthognathic surgery to proceed. Good communication among surgeons and the patient is important. CONCLUSION: We experienced a case in which breast cancer was found just before the orthognathic surgery; we performed a bimaxillary osteotomy, including follow-up tamoxifen administration, during breast cancer treatment.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.12.014

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Involvement of multiple CCN family members in platelets that support regeneration of joint tissues Reviewed

Chikako Hara, Satoshi Kubota, Takashi Nishida, Miki Hiasa, Takako Hattori, Eriko Aoyama, Yoshinori Moriyama, Hiroshi Kamioka, Masaharu Takigawa

Modern Rheumatology   26 ( 6 )   940 - 949   2016.11

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Taylor and Francis Ltd  

Objectives: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used to enhance the regeneration of damaged joint tissues, such as osteoarthritic and rheumatoid arthritic cartilage. The aim of this study is to clarify the involvement of all of the CCN family proteins that are crucially associated with joint tissue regeneration. Methods: Cyr61-CTGF-NOV (CCN) family proteins in human platelets and megakaryocytic cells were comprehensively analyzed by Western blotting analysis. Production of CCN family proteins in megakaryocytes in vivo was confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis of mouse bone marrow cells. Effects of CCN family proteins found in platelets on chondrocytes were evaluated by using human chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells. Results: Inclusion of CCN2, a mesenchymal tissue regenerator, was confirmed. Of note, CCN3, which counteracts CCN2, was newly found to be encapsulated in platelets. Interestingly, these two family members were not detectable in megakaryocytic cells, but their external origins were suggested. Furthermore, we found for the first time CCN5 and CCN1 that inhibits ADAMTS4 in both platelets and megakaryocytes. Finally, application of a CCN family cocktail mimicking platelets onto HCS-2/8 cells enhanced their chondrocytic phenotype. Conclusions: Multiple inclusion of CCN1, 2 and 3 in platelets was clarified, which supports the harmonized regenerative potential of PRP in joint therapeutics.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2016.1155255

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A case of severe mandibular retrognathism with bilateral condylar deformities treated with Le Fort I osteotomy and two advancement genioplasty procedures Reviewed

Masahiro Nakamura, Takeshi Yanagita, Tatsushi Matsumura, Takashi Yamashiro, Seiji Iida, Hiroshi Kamioka

Korean Journal of Orthodontics   46 ( 6 )   395 - 408   2016.11

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We report a case involving a young female patient with severe mandibular retrognathism accompanied by mandibular condylar deformity that was effectively treated with Le Fort I osteotomy and two genioplasty procedures. At 9 years and 9 months of age, she was diagnosed with Angle Class III malocclusion, a skeletal Class II jaw relationship, an anterior crossbite, congenital absence of some teeth, and a left-sided cleft lip and palate. Although the anterior crossbite and narrow maxillary arch were corrected by interceptive orthodontic treatment, severe mandibular hypogrowth resulted in unexpectedly severe mandibular retrognathism after growth completion. Moreover, bilateral condylar deformities were observed, and we suspected progressive condylar resorption (PCR). There was a high risk of further condylar resorption with mandibular advancement surgery
therefore, Le Fort I osteotomy with two genioplasty procedures was performed to achieve counterclockwise rotation of the mandible and avoid ingravescence of the condylar deformities. The total duration of active treatment was 42 months. The maxilla was impacted by 7.0 mm and 5.0 mm in the incisor and molar regions, respectively, while the pogonion was advanced by 18.0 mm. This significantly resolved both skeletal disharmony and malocclusion. Furthermore, the hyoid bone was advanced, the pharyngeal airway space was increased, and the morphology of the mandibular condyle was maintained. At the 30-month follow-up examination, the patient exhibited a satisfactory facial profile. The findings from our case suggest that severe mandibular retrognathism with condylar deformities can be effectively treated without surgical mandibular advancement, thus decreasing the risk of PCR.

DOI： 10.4041/kjod.2016.46.6.395

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Alternation in the gap-junctional intercellular communication capacity during the maturation of osteocytes in the embryonic chick calvaria. Reviewed International journal

Ziyi Wang, Naoya Odagaki, Tomoyo Tanaka, Mana Hashimoto, Masahiro Nakamura, Satoru Hayano, Yoshihito Ishihara, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kamioka

Bone   91   20 - 9   2016.10

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INTRODUCTION: The intercellular network of cell-cell communication among osteocytes is mediated by gap junctions. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is thought to play an important role in the integration and synchronization of bone remodeling. To further understand the mechanism of bone development it is important to quantify the difference in the GJIC capacity of young and developmentally mature osteocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We first established an embryonic chick calvaria growth model to show the growth of the calvaria in embryos at 13 to 21days of age. We then applied a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique to compare the difference in the GJIC capacity of young osteocytes with that of developmentally mature osteocytes. Finally, we quantified the dye (Calcein) diffusion from the FRAP data using a mathematic model of simple diffusion which was also used to identify simple diffusion GJIC pattern cells (fitted model) and accelerated diffusion GJIC pattern cells (non-fitted model). RESULTS: The relationship between the longest medial-lateral length of the calvaria (frontal bone) and the embryonic age fit a logarithmic growth model: length=5.144×ln(day)-11.340. The morphometric data during osteocyte differentiation showed that the cellular body becomes more spindle-shaped and that the cell body volume decreased by approximately 22% with an increase in the length of the processes between the cells. However, there were no significant differences in the cellular body surface area or in the distance between the mass centres of the cells. The dye-displacement rate in young osteocytes was significantly higher than that in developmentally mature osteocytes: dye displacement only occurred in 26.88% of the developmentally mature osteocytes, while it occurred in 64.38% of the young osteocytes. Additionally, in all recovered osteocytes, 36% of the developmentally mature osteocytes comprised non-fitted model cells while 53.19% of the young osteocytes were the non-fitted model, which indicates the active transduction of dye molecules. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the young and developmentally mature osteocytes with regard to the diffusion coefficient, permeability coefficient, or permeance of the osteocyte processes, which were 3.93±3.77 (×10(-8)cm(2)/s), 5.12±4.56 (×10(-5)cm(2)/s) and 2.99±2.47 (×10(-13)cm(2)/s) (mean±SD), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These experiments comprehensively quantified the GJIC capacity in the embryonic chick calvaria and indicated that the cell-cell communication capacity of the osteocytes in the embryonic chick calvaria was related to their development.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2016.06.016

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Collagen production of osteoblasts revealed by ultra-high voltage electron microscopy Reviewed

Rumiko Hosaki-Takamiya, Mana Hashimoto, Yuichi Imai, Tomoki Nishida, Naoko Yamada, Hirotaro Mori, Tomoyo Tanaka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   34 ( 5 )   491 - 499   2016.9

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In the bone, collagen fibrils form a lamellar structure called the “twisted plywood-like model.” Because of this unique structure, bone can withstand various mechanical stresses. However, the formation of this structure has not been elucidated because of the difficulty of observing the collagen fibril production of the osteoblasts via currently available methods. This is because the formation occurs in the very limited space between the osteoblast layer and bone matrix. In this study, we used ultra-high-voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM) to observe collagen fibril production three-dimensionally. UHVEM has 3-MV acceleration voltage and enables us to use thicker sections. We observed collagen fibrils that were beneath the cell membrane of osteoblasts elongated to the outside of the cell. We also observed that osteoblasts produced collagen fibrils with polarity. By using AVIZO software, we observed collagen fibrils produced by osteoblasts along the contour of the osteoblasts toward the bone matrix area. Immediately after being released from the cell, the fibrils run randomly and sparsely. But as they recede from the osteoblast, the fibrils began to run parallel to the definite direction and became thick, and we observed a periodical stripe at that area. Furthermore, we also observed membrane structures wrapped around filamentous structures inside the osteoblasts. The filamentous structures had densities similar to the collagen fibrils and a columnar form and diameter. Our results suggested that collagen fibrils run parallel and thickly, which may be related to the lateral movement of the osteoblasts. UHVEM is a powerful tool for observing collagen fibril production.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-015-0692-0

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Antero-posterior and vertical facial type variations influence the aesthetic preference of the antero-posterior lip positions Reviewed

Takashi Murakami, Tomoki Kataoka, Junpei Tagawa, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

European Journal of Orthodontics   38 ( 4 )   414 - 421   2016.8

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press  

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate whether the antero-posterior and vertical facial type variations influenced the favoured lip positions and to elucidate whether the favoured lip positions differed between orthodontists and laypersons. Methods: An average profile was constructed from a Japanese female with Class I occlusion and a well-balanced profile, as assessed by several cephalometric analyses. Nine facial types were composed by morphing the chin antero-posteriorly and/or vertically. Thirteen morphed lip profiles were constructed by moving the lips antero-posteriorly in the nine facial types, respectively. Seventy-seven Japanese laypersons and 30 orthodontists were asked to choose the top three most-favoured lip positions for each facial type. Results: The protruded lip positions were significantly favoured for all the mandibular protrusive facial types. The retruded lip positions were significantly favoured for the short facial type of the antero-posteriorly average and mandibular retrusive-short facial types. Among the mandibular protrusive facial types, the protruded lip positions were significantly favoured for the long facial type. The retruded lip positions were statistically more attractive for orthodontists than laypersons on the antero-posteriorly average-short, mandibular protrusive-short, mandibular retrusive-vertically average, antero-posteriorly average-vertically average, and mandibular retrusive-long facial types. Limitations: Our data were limited by the specific ethnic groups and variety of facial types. Conclusion: The favoured antero-posterior lip position was affected by not only the antero-posterior facial disproportion but also by the vertical dimensions. The favoured lip positions differed between orthodontists and laypersons. These results might be helpful in deciding between extraction and non-extraction treatment in borderline cases.

DOI： 10.1093/ejo/cjv073

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Orthodontic treatment of a patient with unilateral orofacial muscle dysfunction: The efficacy of myofunctional therapy on the treatment outcome Reviewed

Yasuyo Sugawara, Yoshihito Ishihara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   150 ( 1 )   167 - 180   2016.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

The orofacial muscle is an important factor in the harmony of the occlusion, and its dysfunction significantly influences a patient's occlusion after craniofacial growth and development. In this case report, we describe the successful orthodontic treatment of a patient with unilateral orofacial muscle dysfunction. A boy, 10 years 0 months of age, with a chief complaint of anterior open bite, was diagnosed with a Class III malocclusion with facial musculoskeletal asymmetry. His maxillomandibular relationships were unstable, and he was unable to lift the right corner of his mouth upon smiling because of weak right orofacial muscles. A satisfactory occlusion and a balanced smile were achieved after orthodontic treatment combined with orofacial myofunctional therapy, including muscle exercises. An acceptable occlusion and facial proportion were maintained after a 2-year retention period. These results suggest that orthodontic treatment with orofacial myofunctional therapy is an effective option for a patient with orofacial muscle dysfunction.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.08.021

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Other Link： http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-9643

Effect of minocycline on induced glial activation by experimental tooth movement Reviewed

Toru Deguchi, Rie Adachi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Do-Gyoon Kim, Henry W. Fields, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Ichikawa, Takashi Yamashiro

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics   149 ( 6 )   881 - 888   2016.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Mosby Inc.  

Introduction Orthodontic tooth movement causes pain to a patient. Glial cells are nonneuronal cells in the central nervous system and are implicated in various types of pain. In this study, we assessed glial activation responses after experimental tooth movement using immunocytochemical detection of anti-CD11b (OX42) and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity to illustrate the microglial and astrocytes response, respectively. In addition, the effect of minocycline in reducing pain during tooth movement was also investigated. Methods Fifty-five Sprague Dawley rats with and without administration of minocycline after 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days (n = 5, for each) of tooth movement were used. Immunohistochemistry for microglia (OX42) and astrocyte (glial fibrillary acidic protein) were performed at the medullary dorsal horn (trigeminal subnucleus caudalis). Three-dimensional quantitative analysis was performed with a confocal fluorescence microscope and a software program. Results There was a significant increase in the OX42 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in response to tooth movement in the medullary dorsal horn. Furthermore, systematic administration of minocycline, a selective inhibitor of microglial activation, significantly attenuated the nociceptive c-Fos expression in the medullary dorsal horn that was induced by experimental tooth movement. Conclusions These data indicate the possible importance of microglial activation in the development of orthodontic pain. This is also the first report on the systematic application of minocycline.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.11.030

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A single-center, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the indirect bonding technique Reviewed

Takashi Murakami, Noriaki Kawanabe, Tomoki Kataoka, Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Hiroki Komori, Atsuro Fujisawa, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta Medica Okayama   70 ( 5 )   413 - 416   2016

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Although accurate bracket placement is essential for orthodontic treatment, many practitioners apply brackets indiscriminately with direct or indirect bonding techniques. Nonetheless, there have been few prospective clinical comparisons of the 2 techniques. We will therefore conduct a single-center, randomized control trial in 100 patients aged ≥2 years and diagnosed with malocclusion. All patients will receive orthodontic treatment using brackets with direct or indirect bonding techniques. The primary endpoints will be the total treatment time, occlusal index, discomfort at bonding, and oral hygiene after bonding. This study will clarify whether indirect bonding can improve the efficiency of orthodontic treatment.

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Orthodontic treatment of a patient with bilateral congenitally missing maxillary canines: The effects of first premolar substitution on the functional outcome Reviewed

Kumi Sumiyoshi, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroki Komori, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

Acta Medica Okayama   70 ( 1 )   57 - 62   2016

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Permanent canines are thought to play a pivotal role in obtaining an ideal occlusion. Dentists occasionally encounter patients who lack canines and are therefore missing a key to harmonious guidance during functional mandibular excursions. This case report describes the substitution of maxillary first premolars for congenitally missing canines in the context of an orthodontic treatment plan. A boy, age 10 years and 11 months, with a chief complaint of crooked teeth was diagnosed with Class II division 2 malocclusion associated with a high mandibular plane angle and deep overbite. A stable occlusion with a satisfactory facial profile and functional excursions without interference were achieved after a comprehensive two-stage orthodontic treatment process. The resulting occlusion and satisfactory facial profile were maintained for 12 months. These results indicate that substituting the first premolars for the canines is an effective option in treating patients with missing canines while maintaining functional goals.

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューおよびオクルーザルスプリントを 用いて咬合再構築を行った成人開咬症例 Reviewed

早野暁, 星島光博, 石川崇典, 上岡寛

中・四矯歯誌   28 ( 1 )   1 - 9   2016

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A survey of patient's attitudes and over all satisfaction for orthodontic treatment at Okayama University Hospital Orthodontic Clinic Reviewed

The journal of Okayama Dental Society   34 ( 2 )   33 - 45   2015.12

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診している患者の矯正治療に対する意識と満足度の調査

河野 加奈, 川邉 紀章, 柳田 剛志, 古森 紘基, 加藤 ゆい, 田川 淳平, 加野 小奈美, 片岡 伴記, 上岡 寛

岡山歯学会雑誌   34 ( 2 )   76 - 77   2015.12

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：岡山歯学会  

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下顎両側第一大臼歯抜歯空隙への下顎第二大臼歯および埋伏第三大臼歯の近心移動を行った前歯部開咬症例

中村 政裕, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   27 ( 1 )   13 - 21   2015.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

患者は20歳6ヵ月の女性で、上顎前歯部の叢生および前歯部開咬を主訴に岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診した。側貌は凸型、オトガイの後退感、口唇閉鎖不全が認められた。両側アングルI級、前歯部開咬を呈し、上下顎前歯はやや唇側傾斜していた。さらに、予後不良な下顎左側第一大臼歯、上下顎歯列の叢生、軽度の咬合平面の二面性が認められた。分析の結果、上下顎前歯部叢生を伴う骨格性II級、ハイアングル、ロングフェイス、前歯部開咬症例と診断された。予後不良歯である下顎左側第一大臼歯に加え下顎右側第一大臼歯及び上顎両側第一小臼歯の抜歯を伴うカモフラージュ治療を行うこととなった。下顎両側第二・第三大臼歯の近心移動およびスピー彎曲の改善に伴い下顎臼歯の挺出が生じ、下顎骨の時計回り回転が危惧されたため、下顎骨回転に伴う側貌の悪化を防ぐことを目的に上顎両側大臼歯の圧下を行うこととした。動的治療期間は4年5ヵ月であった。オトガイの後退感は残るものの口元の突出感は改善し良好な側貌を獲得した。治療前後の重ね合わせでは、上下顎前歯歯軸および臼歯移動量は治療目標設定値と近似しており、下顎下縁平面角は維持されていた。保定2年が経過したが、咬合は安定している。長期予後不良な第一大臼歯を認める場合、下顎第一大臼歯抜歯による下顎第二・第三大臼歯の近心移動は有用な治療法であるが、ハイアングル・ロングフェイス症例においては、下顎大臼歯の挺出による顔貌の悪化を防ぐため上顎大臼歯の圧下を行うことが望ましいと考える。(著者抄録)

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Interdisciplinary orthodontic treatment for a patient with generalized aggressive periodontitis: Assessment of IgG antibodies to identify type of periodontitis and correct timing of treatment

Yoshihito Ishihara, Kazuya Tomikawa, Toru Deguchi, Tadashi Honjo, Koji Suzuki, Takayuki Kono, Takuo Kuboki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Shogo Takashiba, Takashi Yamashiroi

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   147 ( 6 )   766 - 780   2015.6

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Aggressive periodontitis is a great challenge to clinicians when providing orthodontic treatment because of the potential for progression of periodontal disease. In this article, we report the successful comprehensive orthodontic treatment of bimaxillary protrusion and severe crowding in an adult with generalized aggressive periodontitis. A woman, aged 22 years 7 months, with a chief complaint of incisal crowding was diagnosed with a skeletal Class I malocclusion associated with severe anterior crowding, possibly worsened by generalized aggressive periodontitis. In addition to a periodontal examination, a blood IgG antibody titer analysis and microbiologic examination for periodontal pathogens were used to diagnose the type of periodontal disease and determine the proper timing to initiate orthodontic treatment. The total active treatment period was 28 months, followed by periodontal prostheses and regeneration therapy. Consequently, satisfactory facial profile, occlusion, and periodontal health were maintained for at least 36 months. These results indicate that efficient screening is important for providing successful orthodontic treatment in patients with advanced periodontal disease. This report also demonstrates the diagnostic importance of blood IgG antibody titer assays and microbiologic examinations to detect periodontal pathogens.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.09.022

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Maxillary Advancement for Unilateral Crossbite in a Patient with Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Mitsuhiro Hoshijima, Tadashi Honjo, Norifumi Moritani, Seiji Iida, Takashi Yamashiro, Hiroshi Kamioka

ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA   69 ( 3 )   177 - 182   2015.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL  

This article reports the case of a 44-year-old male with skeletal Class III, Angle Class III malocclusion and unilateral crossbite with concerns about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), esthetics and functional problems. To correct the skeletal deformities, the maxilla was anteriorly repositioned by employing LeFort I osteotomy following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, because a mandibular setback might induce disordered breathing and cause OSAS. After active treatment for 13 months, satisfactory occlusion was achieved and an acceptable facial and oral profile was obtained. In addition, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 18.8 preoperatively to 10.6 postoperatively. Furthermore, after a follow-up period of 7 months, the AHI again significantly decreased from 10.6 to 6.2. In conclusion, surgical advancement of the maxilla using LeFort I osteotomy has proven to be useful in patients with this kind of skeletal malocclusion, while preventing a worsening of the OSAS.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/53525

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Osteocyte bioimaging

Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of Oral Biosciences   57 ( 2 )   61 - 64   2015.5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Association for Oral Biology  

Background Newly developed visualization methods often lead to breakthroughs in the bioscience field. In particular, the ability to reveal temporal-spatial responses in cells, while visualizing molecular events through bioimaging techniques is very important. One such event is the regulation of bone remodeling by osteocytes. It is thought that osteocyte processes sense the flow of interstitial fluid that is driven through the osteocyte canaliculi by mechanical stimuli caused in the bone. However, the precise mechanism by which the flow elicits a cellular response is still unknown. Highlight It is critical to obtain precise morphological and/or morphometrical data from osteocytes and their surrounding microenvironment. In this review, we describe our application of confocal laser scanning microscopy to visualize osteocyte morphology in the bone and the combination of ultra-high voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM) and computer simulation of fluid flow to reveal the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes in the bone. Conclusion The osteocyte network in the bone as well as the microstructure of osteocyte cell processes and the surrounding bone matrix were visualized. We found fluorescence to be useful for studying the osteocyte network morphology. Additionally, the combination of UHVEM and computer simulation is a powerful tool to study the fluid flow in osteocyte canaliculi.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2015.02.002

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Runx/Cbfb signaling regulates postnatal development of granular convoluted tubule in the mouse submandibular gland. International journal

Md Nurul Islam, Shinsuke Itoh, Takeshi Yanagita, Kumi Sumiyoshi, Satoru Hayano, Koh-Ichi Kuremoto, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Tadashi Honjo, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takayoshi Sakai, Naozumi Ishimaru, Ichiro Taniuchi, Takashi Yamashiro

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists   244 ( 3 )   488 - 96   2015.3

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BACKGROUND: The rodent salivary gland is not fully developed at birth and the cellular definitive differentiation takes place postnatally. However, little is known about its molecular mechanism. RESULTS: Here we provide the loss-of-function genetic evidence that Runx signaling affects postnatal development of the submandibular gland (SMG). Core binding factor β (Cbfb) is a cotranscription factor which forms a heterodimer with Runx proteins. Cbfb was specifically expressed in the duct epithelium, specifically in the SMG. Epithelial Cbfb deficiency resulted in decrease in the size of the SMG and in the saliva secretion on postnatal day 35. The Cbfb mutant SMG specifically exhibited involution of the granular convoluted tubules (GCT), with a down-regulated expression of its marker genes, such as Klk1, Ngf, and Egf. The induction of GCT is under the control of androgens, and the Cbfb mutant SMG demonstrated down-regulated expression of Crisp3, an androgen-dependent transcript. Because the circulating testosterone or tissue dihydrotestosterone levels were not affected in the Cbfb mutants, it appears that Runx/Cbfb signaling regulate androgen receptor pathway, but does not affect the circulating testosterone levels or the enzymatic conversion to DHT. CONCLUSIONS: Runx signaling is important in the postnatal development of androgen-dependent GCT in the SMG.

DOI： 10.1002/dvdy.24231

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Topical Application of Lithium Chloride on the Pulp Induces Dentin Regeneration Reviewed

Kazuya Ishimoto, Satoru Hayano, Takeshi Yanagita, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Shinsuke Itoh, Mitsuaki Ono, Takuo Kuboki, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

PLOS ONE   10 ( 3 )   e0121938   2015.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

We herein describe a novel procedure for dentin regeneration that mimics the biological processes of tooth development in nature. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is an important regulator of the Dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) expression. Our approach mimics the biological processes underlying tooth development in nature and focuses on the activation of canonical Wnt signaling to trigger the natural process of dentinogenesis. The coronal portion of the dentin and the underlying pulp was removed from the first molars. We applied lithium chloride (LiCl), an activator of canonical Wnt signaling, on the amputated pulp surface to achieve transdifferentiation toward odontoblasts from the surrounding pulpal cells. MicroCT and microscopic analyses demonstrated that the topical application of LiCl induced dentin repair, including the formation of a complete dentin bridge. LiCl-induced dentin is a tubular dentin in which the pulp cells are not embedded within the matrix, as in primary dentin. In contrast, a dentin bridge was not induced in the control group treated with pulp capping with material carriers alone, although osteodentin without tubular formation was induced at a comparatively deeper position from the pulp exposure site. We also evaluated the influence of LiCl on differentiation toward odontoblasts in vitro. In the mDP odontoblast cell line, LiCl activated the mRNA expression of Dspp, Axin2 and Kallikrein 4 (Klk4) and downregulated the Osteopontin (Osp) expression. These results provide a scientific basis for the biomimetic regeneration of dentin using LiCl as a new capping material to activate dentine regeneration.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0121938

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歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを用いて下顎前歯の圧下により過蓋咬合を治療したAngle II級成人症例

福島 宏明, 本城 正, 片岡 伴記, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   26 ( 1 )   41 - 48   2014.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

患者は初診時年齢37歳9ヵ月の女性で、口唇の突出感を主訴に岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診した。側貌はConvex typeで、下顎の後退感、上下口唇の突出、口唇閉鎖時のオトガイ部の筋緊張および口唇閉鎖不全を認めた。口腔内はAngle II級であり、オーバージェットが大きかった。また、下顎前歯が挺出しており、過大なSpee彎曲を認め、過蓋咬合を呈していた。さらに、上顎前歯は舌側傾斜し、下顎歯列に叢生を認めた。骨格的には骨格性II級、high mandibular plane angleであった。分析の結果、上顎前歯の舌側傾斜を伴う下顎骨の後退による骨格性II級、Angle II級、high mandibular plane angle、過蓋咬合症例と診断した。上下顎両側第一小臼歯の抜歯を伴うカモフラージュ治療を行うことになったが、過蓋咬合を治療する従来のメカニクスでは、小臼歯の挺出に伴う下顎下縁平面のさらなる開大が危惧された。そのため、下顎前歯圧下のための固定源として、下顎両側側切歯・犬歯間頬側歯槽部の歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを利用した。また、上顎前歯を舌側へ歯体移動させるための固定源として、上顎両側第一大臼歯・第二大臼歯間および上顎両側側切歯・犬歯間頬側歯槽部の歯科矯正用アンカースクリューを利用した。治療の結果、下顎の時計回りの回転を起こさずに下顎前歯は圧下、上顎前歯はほぼ舌側へ歯体移動し、良好な咬合関係を確立できた。(著者抄録)

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審美的に好ましい上唇-下唇-オトガイの前後的位置関係に関するアンケート調査

村上 隆, 片岡 伴記, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   26 ( 1 )   19 - 24   2014.8

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：中・四国矯正歯科学会  

【目的】好ましい側貌の基準を具体的・客観的に明らかにすることは、実際の矯正歯科治療における治療ゴールを設定する上で必要不可欠である。本研究は、一般人を対象にアンケートを行い、上唇、下唇およびオトガイの前後的位置関係が与える側貌の審美的認識への影響について検討を行った。【資料および方法】標準的な日本人女性の側貌を元に、専用ソフトウェアを用いて下顎骨を前後に10mmずつ移動させ、上顎前突、標準および下顎前突の3パターンの側貌シルエットを作成した。次に、その上唇と下唇をそれぞれ3mmずつ前後に移動させ、17通りの口唇位を作成した。一般人178名を対象に、3パターンの側貌それぞれに17通りの口唇位を組み合わせたシルエットを提示し、好ましい側貌に関するアンケートを実施した。【結果および考察】標準的な側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離の差が+3mmの側貌が最も好まれた。口唇とオトガイとの前後的距離の差が大きい上顎前突の側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離が比較的大きい+6mmの側貌が最も好まれた。口唇とオトガイとの前後的距離の差が小さい下顎前突の側貌では、上唇-下唇の前後的距離の差により好まれ方に違いは認められなかった。【結論】骨格の違いにより、審美的に好ましい上唇-下唇の前後的距離には差異が存在することが明らかになった。審美的に好ましい上下口唇およびオトガイの前後的位置は、上唇-下唇-オトガイの前後的距離の比により規定される可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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蛍光ライブイメージングを用いた骨組織中における細胞内カルシウムオシレーションの計測

石原 嘉人, 菅原 康代, 上岡 寛, 川邉 紀章, 成瀬 恵治, 山城 隆

日本骨形態計測学会雑誌   24 ( 1 )   15 - 22   2014.3

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本骨形態計測学会  

細胞内カルシウム(Ca2+)は多様な細胞機能を仲介する重要な情報伝達物質であり、Ca2+オシレーションと呼ばれる周期的なCa2+濃度の上昇様式は、骨代謝調節を含む広範な生理機構に関与すると考えられている。しかし、3次元的な骨芽細胞-骨細胞ネットワークから成り立つ骨組織中でのCa2+オシレーションの動態は、周囲の骨基質が障壁となるためこれまで不明であった。近年我々は、骨組織をまるごと生きた状態のままCa2+イメージングする事に成功し、骨芽細胞と骨細胞の自律性細胞内Ca2+オシレーションの存在と、それらの現象に対するメカニカルストレスの影響およびギャップ結合の関与について報告した。本論文では、蛍光ライブイメージングを用いた骨組織中のCa2+オシレーションについて最新の研究成果を交えて解説する。(著者抄録)

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Oscillatory intracellular Ca2+ responses in living bone

Yoshihito Ishihara, Yasuyo Sugawara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Keiji Naruse, Takashi Yamashiro

Journal of Oral Biosciences   56 ( 2 )   49 - 53   2014

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Language：English   Publisher：Japanese Association for Oral Biology  

Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is an important secondary messenger that modulates many cellular processes. Its oscillatory signaling is considered to participate in the regulation of many different cell functions, including bone metabolism. However, it is not entirely clear whether Ca2+ oscillations occur between osteoblasts and osteocytes in integrated bone tissues because of the complex mineralized matrices surrounding bone cells. To address this issue, we have recently developed a novel ex vivo realtime imaging system, which made it possible to observe repetitive and autonomous oscillations in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in intact chick calvarial explants. This system revealed that Ca2+ release from intracellular stores plays a key role in Ca2+ oscillations in bone cells. Additionally, gap junctions are important for the maintenance of these oscillations in osteocytes but not in osteoblasts. In this review, we describe the dynamic oscillatory elevations of Ca2+ levels that occur in osteoblasts and osteocytes in living bone. © 2014 Japanese Association for Oral Biology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.job.2014.03.002

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Gap-junction-mediated Communication in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Reviewed

R. Kato, Y. Ishihara, N. Kawanabe, K. Sumiyoshi, Y. Yoshikawa, M. Nakamura, Y. Imai, T. Yanagita, H. Fukushima, H. Kamioka, T. Takano-Yamamoto, T. Yamashiro

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH   92 ( 7 )   635 - 640   2013.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC  

Periodontal tissue homeostasis depends on a complex cellular network that conveys cell-cell communication. Gap junctions (GJs), one of the intercellular communication systems, are found between adjacent human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells; however, the functional GJ coupling between hPDL cells has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated functional gap-junction-mediated intercellular communication in isolated primary hPDL cells. SEM images indicated that the cells were in contact with each other via dendritic processes, and also showed high anti-connexin43 (Cx43) immunoreactivity on these processes. Gap-junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) among hPDL cells was assessed by fluorescence recovery after a photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, which exhibited dye coupling between hPDL cells, and was remarkably down-regulated when the cells were treated with a GJ blocker. Additionally, we examined GJs under hypoxic stress. The fluorescence recovery and expression levels of Cx43 decreased time-dependently under the hypoxic condition. Exposure to GJ inhibitor or hypoxia increased RANKL expression, and decreased OPG expression. This study shows that GJIC is responsible for hPDL cells and that its activity is reduced under hypoxia. This is consistent with the possible role of hPDL cells in regulating the biochemical reactions in response to changes in the hypoxic environment.

DOI： 10.1177/0022034513489992

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Assessing anteroposterior basal bone discrepancy with the Dental Aesthetic Index Reviewed

Boyen Huang, Katsu Takahashi, Toru Yamazaki, Kazuyuki Saito, Masashi Yamori, Keita Asai, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro, Kazuhisa Bessho

ANGLE ORTHODONTIST   83 ( 3 )   527 - 532   2013.5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：E H ANGLE EDUCATION RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC  

Objective: To investigate dental appearance and cephalometric features, using a sample of orthognathic and/or orthodontic patients. A special interest was to identify the relationship of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) with anteroposterior basal bone discrepancy (APBBD) and cephalometric indicators.
Materials and Methods: A full sample of 159 patients in two Japanese hospitals was used. Each patient was assessed with a preorthodontic dental cast and cephalometric radiography.
Results: Malocclusion with APBBD was more prevalent among high DAI subjects (P = .034, OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08), Class III malocclusion patients (P = .048, OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.01-5.34) and male patients (P = .008, OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.33-6.61). Participants scoring 88 points (the highest score in this sample) of the DAI had 16.84 times the risk of APBBD of those who scored 17 points (the lowest score in this sample). Patients with APBBD presented with a greater adjusted ANB angle (t = -8.10, P &lt; .001) and a larger adjusted A-B/NF appraisal (t = -9.65, P &lt; .001). The SNA angle (P &lt; .001), the SNB angle (P = .002), the adjusted ANB angle (P = .001), and the adjusted A-B/NF appraisal (P = .035) were associated with DAI scores in cubic regression models.
Conclusion: This study has demonstrated a relationship between the DAI and APBBD. Feasibility of using the adjusted ANB angle and the adjusted A-B/NF appraisal to assess severity of APBBD has been confirmed. The DAI may provide a supportive method to evaluate orthognathic needs. Future investigations are indicated.

DOI： 10.2319/050312-369.1

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Severe open bite due to traumatic condylar fractures treated nonsurgically with implanted miniscrew anchorage Reviewed

Takeshi Yanagita, Rie Adachi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   143 ( 4 )   S137 - S147   2013.4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

This case report illustrates the use of miniscrews to treat a patient with an open bite caused by mandibular condylar fractures. The patient was 36 years old when she visited our hospital with a chief complaint of difficulty with chewing. She had suffered condylar and maxillary bone fractures in a traffic accident 6 months before her visit. She had an anterior open bite and Angle Class II molar relationships. Her mandibular midline was deviated to the right relative to the maxilla. The cephalometric analysis showed a skeletal Class II relationship. Titanium miniscrews were implanted in the bilateral maxillary buccal areas. The maxillary dentition was retracted and intruded by using elastomeric chains and miniscrews. After this treatment, an Angle Class I molar relationship was achieved, her overjet and overbite became ideal, and a good facial appearance was obtained. The total active orthodontic treatment period was 33 months. Treating an open bite with molar intrusion often leads to counter-clockwise rotation of the mandible; however, in this patient, the mandible was moved anteriorly and upward. We believe that this movement was caused by the patient's condylar fractures and the subsequent remodeling. Although there was some relapse, our results suggest that implant anchorage is useful for correcting anterior open bites originating from condylar fractures. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013;143:S137-47)

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.04.024

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Ex vivo real-time observation of Ca(2+) signaling in living bone in response to shear stress applied on the bone surface. Reviewed International journal

Yoshihito Ishihara, Yasuyo Sugawara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Satoru Hayano, Tarek A Balam, Keiji Naruse, Takashi Yamashiro

Bone   53 ( 1 )   204 - 15   2013.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC  

Bone cells respond to mechanical stimuli by producing a variety of biological signals, and one of the earliest events is intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) mobilization. Our recently developed ex vivo live [Ca(2+)](i) imaging system revealed that bone cells in intact bone explants showed autonomous [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations, and osteocytes specifically modulated these oscillations through gap junctions. However, the behavior and connectivity of the [Ca(2+)](i) signaling networks in mechanotransduction have not been investigated in intact bone. We herein introduce a novel fluid-flow platform for probing cellular signaling networks in live intact bone, which allows the application of capillary-driven flow just on the bone explant surface while performing real-time fluorogenic monitoring of the [Ca(2+)](i) changes. In response to the flow, the percentage of responsive cells was increased in both osteoblasts and osteocytes, together with upregulation of c-fos expression in the explants. However, enhancement of the peak relative fluorescence intensity was not evident. Treatment with 18 α-GA, a reversible inhibitor of gap junction, significantly blocked the [Ca(2+)](i) responsiveness in osteocytes without exerting any major effect in osteoblasts. On the contrary, such treatment significantly decreased the flow-activated oscillatory response frequency in both osteoblasts and osteocytes. The stretch-activated membrane channel, when blocked by Gd(3+), is less affected in the flow-induced [Ca(2+)](i) response. These findings indicated that flow-induced mechanical stimuli accompanied the activation of the autonomous [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in both osteoblasts and osteocytes via gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication and hemichannel. Although how the bone sense the mechanical stimuli in vivo still needs to be elucidated, the present study suggests that cell-cell signaling via augmented gap junction and hemichannel-mediated [Ca(2+)](i) mobilization could be involved as an early signaling event in mechanotransduction.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2012.12.002

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The early mouse 3D osteocyte network in the presence and absence of mechanical loading. Reviewed International journal

Yasuyo Sugawara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoko Fujisawa, Noriaki Kawanabe, Takashi Yamashiro

Bone   52 ( 1 )   189 - 96   2013.1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC  

Osteocytes are considered to act as mechanosensory cells in bone. They form a functional synctia in which their processes become interconnected to constitute a three-dimensional (3D) network. Previous studies reported that in mice, the two-dimensional osteocyte network becomes progressively more regular as they grow, although the key factors governing the arrangement of the osteocyte network during bone growth remain unknown. In this study, we characterized the 3D formation of the osteocyte network during bone growth. Morphological skeletal changes have been reported to occur in response to mechanical loading and unloading. In order to evaluate the effect of mechanical unloading on osteocyte network formation, we subjected newborn mice to sciatic neurectomy in order to immobilize their left hind limb as an unloading model. The osteocyte network was visualized by staining osteocyte cell bodies and processes with fluorescently labeled phalloidin. First, we compared the osteocyte network in the femora of embryonic and 6-week-old mice in order to understand the morphological changes that occur with normal growth and mechanical loading. In embryonic mice, the osteocyte network in the femur cortical bone displayed a random cell body distribution, non-directional orientation of cell processes, and irregularly shaped cells. In 6-week-old mice, the 3D network contained spindle-shaped osteocytes, which were arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the femur. In addition, more and longer cell processes radiated from each osteocyte. Second, we compared the cortical osteocyte networks of 6-week-old mice that had or had not undergone sciatic neurectomy in order to evaluate the effect of unloading on osteocyte network formation. The osteocyte network formation in both cortical bone and cancellous bone was affected by mechanical loading. However, there were differences in the extent of network formation between cortical bone and cancellous bone in response to mechanical loading with regard to the orientation, nuclear shape and branch formation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2012.09.033

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Other Link： http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-9643

岡山大学大学院歯科矯正学分野研究室における2008年から2012年の5年間の岡山大学の学生および職員に対する矯正相談の実態調査 Reviewed

菅原康代, 村上隆, 田川淳平, 星島光博, 柳田剛志, 石原嘉人, 片岡伴記, 伊藤慎将, 川邉紀章, 上岡寛, 山城隆

岡山歯学会雑誌   32 ( 2 )   43 - 47   2013

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：岡山歯学会  

2008〜2012年に岡山大学大学院歯科矯正学分野医局を訪れた岡山大学学生128名と職員11名の計139名(男性40名、女性99名)を対象に、矯正相談の実態について調査した。その結果、相談の契機は掲示されたポスターによる者が最も多く75名54%であった。学年別では1年生48名、2年生21名、3年生15名、4年生18名で、学部別では医学部保健学科と歯学部が最も多く各18名であった。主訴の最多は上顎前突34名(24.5%)で、次いで上顎の叢生27名(19.4%)であった。相談後に矯正を開始したのは学年別で最多は1年生で相談者のうち35名72.9%、全治療開始者の40.7%を占めた。以上より、矯正相談は、歯並びのコンプレックス等の解決や福利厚生として有効であることが示唆された。

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Relationship between orthodontic expertise and perception of need for orthodontic treatment for mandibular protrusion in Japan Reviewed

Takashi Murakami, Akihito Fujii, Yuya Kawabata, Hiroaki Takakura, Rie Yamaue, Tarek Abdulsamad Ali Balam, Shingo Kuroda, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

Acta Medica Okayama   67 ( 5 )   277 - 283   2013

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The aims of this study were to investigate how the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR index) predicts the perceived need for orthodontic treatment of mandibular protrusion in Japanese subjects, and to elucidate whether the perceived need for treatment was affected by the raters' orthodontic expertise. The subjects were 110 dental students and 32 orthodontists. We showed them casts of 10 untreated mandibular protrusion cases and gave them a questionnaire in which they had to describe their perceptions of the orthodontic treatment needs using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS). The PAR index was used for cast evaluation. The PAR index scores showed significant correlations with the VAS scores. In casts with a low PAR score, there were no differences in the VAS scores between orthodontists and students. In casts with a PAR score greater than 23, the orthodontists perceived a significantly greater treatment need than did the students
for scores of 22, 28, and 29, students who had received orthodontic treatment themselves were more likely to perceive the treatment need. The PAR index is a good clinical predictor for assessing the perceived treatment needs for mandibular protrusion. Perception of the need for orthodontic treatment for mandibular protrusion depended on the degree of orthodontic expertise in Japanese subjects. © 2013 by Okayama University Medical School.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/51863

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Promotion of Ccn2 expression and osteoblastic differentiation by actin polymerization, which is induced by laminar fluid flow stress

Tadashi Honjo, Satoshi Kubota, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yasuyo Sugawara, Yoshihito Ishihara, Takashi Yamashiro, Masaharu Takigawa, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

JOURNAL OF CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING   6 ( 4 )   225 - 232   2012.12

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

Fluid flow stress (FSS) is a major mechanical stress that induces bone remodeling upon orthodontic tooth movement, whereas CCN family protein 2 (CCN2) is a potent regenerator of bone defects. In this study, we initially evaluated the effect of laminar FSS on Ccn2 expression and investigated its mechanism in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The Ccn2 expression was drastically induced by uniform FSS in an intensity dependent manner. Of note, the observed effect was inhibited by a Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632. Moreover, the inhibition of actin polymerization blocked the FSS-induced activation of Ccn2, whereas inducing F-actin formation using cytochalasin D and jasplakinolide enhanced Ccn2 expression in the same cells. Finally, F-actin formation was found to induce osteoblastic differentiation. In addition, activation of cyclic AMP-dependent kinase, which inhibits Rho signaling, abolished the effect of FSS. Collectively, these findings indicate the critical role of actin polymerization and Rho signaling in CCN2 induction and bone remodeling provoked by FSS.

DOI： 10.1007/s12079-012-0177-z

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Microscale fluid flow analysis in a human osteocyte canaliculus using a realistic high-resolution image-based three-dimensional model. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshitaka Kameo, Yuichi Imai, Astrid D Bakker, Rommel G Bacabac, Naoko Yamada, Akio Takaoka, Takashi Yamashiro, Taiji Adachi, Jenneke Klein-Nulend

Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro   4 ( 10 )   1198 - 206   2012.10

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY  

Osteocytes play a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal mass. Osteocyte processes are thought to sense the flow of interstitial fluid that is driven through the osteocyte canaliculi by mechanical stimuli placed upon bone, but how this flow elicits a cellular response is virtually unknown. Modern theoretical models assume that osteocyte canaliculi contain ultrastructural features that amplify the fluid flow-derived mechanical signal. Unfortunately the calcified bone matrix has considerably hampered studies on the osteocyte process within its canaliculus. Using one of the few ultra high voltage electron microscopes (UHVEM) available worldwide, we applied UHVEM tomography at 2 MeV to reconstruct unique three-dimensional images of osteocyte canaliculi in 1 μm sections of human bone. A realistic three-dimensional image-based model of a single canaliculus was constructed, and the fluid dynamics of a Newtonian fluid flow within the canaliculus was analyzed. We created virtual 2.2 nm thick sections through a canaliculus and found that traditional TEM techniques create a false impression that osteocyte processes are directly attached to the canalicular wall. The canalicular wall had a highly irregular surface and contained protruding axisymmetric structures similar in size and shape to collagen fibrils. We also found that the microscopic surface roughness of the canalicular wall strongly influenced the fluid flow profiles, whereby highly inhomogeneous flow patterns emerged. These inhomogeneous flow patterns may induce deformation of cytoskeletal elements in the osteocyte process, thereby amplifying mechanical signals. Based on these observations, new and realistic models can be developed that will significantly enhance our understanding of the process of mechanotransduction in bone.

DOI： 10.1039/c2ib20092a

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Increasing participation of sclerostin in postnatal bone development, revealed by three-dimensional immunofluorescence morphometry. Reviewed International journal

Takashi Watanabe, Yoshihiro Tamamura, Akiyoshi Hoshino, Yuji Makino, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruo Amagasa, Akira Yamaguchi, Tadahiro Iimura

Bone   51 ( 3 )   447 - 58   2012.9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Confocal immunofluorescence tiling imaging revealed the spatio-temporal distributions of osterix and sclerostin in femurs from 3-day-old, 2-week-old and 4-week-old rats to be reciprocally exclusive at the tissue level. Further quantitative three-dimensional immuno fluorescence morphometry demonstrated the increasing distribution of sclerostin in the osteocytic lacuno-canalicular system specifically in diaphysis, which paralleled the cooperative participation and depletion of osterix and β-catenin in adjacent periosteum cells. Treating MC3T3-E1 cells with BIO (a GSK3 inhibitor) induced the stabilization of β-catenin and nuclear translocation of osterix, and negatively regulated osteocalcin/BGLAP and Dmp1. These results collectively demonstrate that the increasing distribution of sclerostin in diaphyseal cortical bone appears to be involved in the attenuation of osterix and β-catenin in adjacent periosteum cells, thus possibly contributing to osteoblast maturation and reducing the osteoblast formation at this bone site. Our confocal microscopy-based imaging analyses provide a comprehensive and detailed view of the spatio-temporal distribution of sclerostin, β-catenin and osterix at the tissue to subcellular level in a coherent manner, and uncovered their spatio-temporal cooperation in postnatal bone development, thus providing evidence that they link skeletogenic growth and functional bone development.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2012.06.019

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In situ imaging of the autonomous intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations of osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone. Reviewed International journal

Yoshihito Ishihara, Yasuyo Sugawara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Keiji Naruse, Takashi Yamashiro

Bone   50 ( 4 )   842 - 52   2012.4

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Bone cells form a complex three-dimensional network consisting of osteoblasts and osteocytes embedded in a mineralized extracellular matrix. Ca(2+) acts as a ubiquitous secondary messenger in various physiological cellular processes and transduces numerous signals to the cell interior and between cells. However, the intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics of bone cells have not been evaluated in living bone. In the present study, we developed a novel ex-vivo live Ca(2+) imaging system that allows the dynamic intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) responses of intact chick calvaria explants to be observed without damaging the bone network. Our live imaging analysis revealed for the first time that both osteoblasts and osteocytes display repetitive and autonomic [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations ex vivo. Thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum that induces the emptying of intracellular Ca(2+) stores, abolished these [Ca(2+)](i) responses in both osteoblasts and osteocytes, indicating that Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores plays a key role in the [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations of these bone cells in intact bone explants. Another possible [Ca(2+)](i) transient system to be considered is gap junctional communication through which Ca(2+) and other messenger molecules move, at least in part, across cell-cell junctions; therefore, we also investigated the role of gap junctions in the maintenance of the autonomic [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations observed in the intact bone. Treatment with three distinct gap junction inhibitors, 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid, oleamide, and octanol, significantly reduced the proportion of responsive osteocytes, indicating that gap junctions are important for the maintenance of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in osteocytes, but less in osteoblasts. Taken together, we found that the bone cells in intact bone explants showed autonomous [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations that required the release of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. In addition, osteocytes specifically modulated these oscillations via cell-cell communication through gap junctions, which maintains the observed [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations of bone cells.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2012.01.021

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Roles of Heparan Sulfate Sulfation in Dentinogenesis Reviewed

Satoru Hayano, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Takeshi Yanagita, Ina Kalus, Fabian Milz, Yoshihito Ishihara, Md. Nurul Islam, Noriaki Kawanabe, Masahiro Saito, Hiroshi Kamioka, Taiji Adachi, Thomas Dierks, Takashi Yamashiro

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY   287 ( 15 )   12217 - 12229   2012.4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC  

Cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) is an essential regulator of cell signaling and development. HS traps signaling molecules, like Wnt in the glycosaminoglycan side chains of HS proteoglycans (HSPGs), and regulates their functions. Endosulfatases Sulf1 and Sulf2 are secreted at the cell surface to selectively remove 6-O-sulfate groups from HSPGs, thereby modifying the affinity of cell surface HSPGs for its ligands. This study provides molecular evidence for the functional roles of HSPG sulfation and desulfation in dentinogenesis. We show that odontogenic cells are highly sulfated on the cell surface and become desulfated during their differentiation to odontoblasts, which produce tooth dentin. Sulf1/Sulf2 double null mutant mice exhibit a thin dentin matrix and short roots combined with reduced expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) mRNA, encoding a dentin-specific extracellular matrix precursor protein, whereas single Sulf mutants do not show such defective phenotypes. In odontoblast cell lines, Dspp mRNA expression is potentiated by the activation of the Wnt canonical signaling pathway. In addition, pharmacological interference with HS sulfation promotes Dspp mRNA expression through activation of Wnt signaling. On the contrary, the silencing of Sulf suppresses the Wnt signaling pathway and subsequently Dspp mRNA expression. We also show that Wnt10a protein binds to cell surface HSPGs in odontoblasts, and interference with HS sulfation decreases the binding affinity of Wnt10a for HSPGs, which facilitates the binding of Wnt10a to its receptor and potentiates the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby up-regulating Dspp mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that Sulf-mediated desulfation of cellular HSPGs is an important modification that is critical for the activation of the Wnt signaling in odontoblasts and for production of the dentin matrix.

DOI： 10.1074/jbc.M111.332924

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Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 identifies human dental pulp stem cells Reviewed

Noriaki Kawanabe, Satoko Murata, Hiroaki Fukushima, Yoshihito Ishihara, Takeshi Yanagita, Emmy Yanagita, Mitsuaki Ono, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Hiroshi Kamioka, Tomoo Itoh, Takuo Kuboki, Takashi Yamashiro

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH   318 ( 5 )   453 - 463   2012.3

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Embryonic stem cell-associated antigens are expressed in a variety of adult stem cells as well as embryonic stem cells. In the present study, we investigated whether stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 can be used to isolate dental pulp (DP) stem cells. DP cells showed plastic adherence, specific surface antigen expression, and multipotent differentiation potential, similar to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). SSEA-4+ cells were found in cultured DP cells in vitro as well as in DP tissue in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that 45.5% of the DP cells were SSEA-4+. When the DP cells were cultured in the presence of all-trans-retinoic acid, marked downregulation of SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 and the upregulation of SSEA-1 were observed. SSEA-4+ DP cells showed a greater telomere length and a higher growth rate compared to ungated and SSEA-4 - cells. A clonal assay demonstrated that 65.5% of the SSEA-4+ DP cells had osteogenic potential, and the SSEA-4+ clonal DP cells showed multilineage differentiation potential toward osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and neurons in vitro. In addition, the SSEA-4+ DP cells had the capacity to form ectopic bone in vivo. Thus, our results suggest that SSEA-4 is a specific cell surface antigen that can be used to identify DP stem cells. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.01.008

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Patient with nonsyndromic bilateral and multiple impacted teeth and dentigerous cysts Reviewed

Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics   141 ( 2 )   228 - 241   2012.2

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This article reports the successful treatment of a patient with the unusual occurrence of bilateral and multiple dentigerous cysts of the premolars. One impacted mandibular premolar was moved by traction orthodontically. On the opposite side, the impacted premolar was autotransplanted after space was created through mesial movement and hemi-sectioning of the neighboring molars. The impacted maxillary premolar was extracted. Miniscrews were additionally used for anchorage reinforcement to prevent unintended counteractions and solve the problem of space management after autotransplantation. We also reviewed the clinical implications of the diagnosis, planning, and treatment of cyst-associated impacted teeth in young adult patients. Copyright © 2012 by the American Association of Orthodontists.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.02.043

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Intradermal injection of Botulinum toxin type A alleviates infraorbital nerve constriction-induced thermal hyperalgesia in an operant assay Reviewed

A. Kumada, Y. Matsuka, I. Spigelman, K. Maruhama, Y. Yamamoto, J. K. Neubert, T. A. Nolan, K. Watanabe, K. Maekawa, H. Kamioka, T. Yamashiro, T. Kuboki, K. Oguma

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION   39 ( 1 )   63 - 72   2012.1

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Recent studies have shown that infraorbital nerve constriction (IoNC)-induced mechanical allodynia has been attenuated by administration of highly purified 150-kDa Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A). Here, we extend these studies to determine whether BoNT/A could attenuate IoNC-induced symptoms of thermal hyperalgesia. Instead of testing head withdrawal thresholds, a thermal operant assay was used to evaluate cortical processing of sensory input following IoNC. In this assay, a fasted rats desire to obtain a food reward (sweetened condensed milk) is coupled to its ability to tolerate facial contact with a warm (45 degrees C) thermode. Bilateral IoNC decreased the ratio of thermode contact duration/event, which is an indicative of thermal hyperalgesia. BoNT/A injection intradermally in the area of infraorbital nerve (IoN) innervation 7 days after IoNC resulted in decreased number of facial contacts and increased the ratio of contact duration/event (measured at 14 days after IoNC). The BoNT/A (2200 pg) effects were dose dependent and statistically significant at 100 and 200 pg (P &lt; 0.05). Complete reversal of thermal hyperalgesia symptoms was obtained with a 200-pg dose, without affecting sham rat behaviour. Off-site (neck) injection of BoNT/A did not relieve thermal hyperalgesia, while co-injection of BoNT/A with a neutralising antibody in the area of IoN innervation prevented relief of thermal hyperalgesia. Neither IoNC nor BoNT/A injection affected operant assay parameters with a 24 degrees C thermode, indicating selectivity of thermal hyperalgesia measurements. These results strongly suggest that intradermal injection of BoNT/A in the area of IoN innervation alleviates IoNC-induced thermal hyperalgesia in an operant assay.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2011.02236.x

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ミニスクリューを用いて重度の前歯部開咬を改善した症例 Reviewed

冨田奈緒, 上岡寛, 植田紘貴, 加野小奈美, 山城隆

中・四矯正歯誌   24 ( 1 )   63 - 71   2012

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Induction of CCN2/CTGF by laminar fluid flow stress, which is mediated by the actin cytoskeleton in osteoblastic cells Reviewed

Honjo, T, S. Kubota, H. Kamioka, Y. Sugawara, Y. Ishihara, T. Yamashiro, M. Takigawa, T. Takano-Yamamoto

J Cell Commun Signal.   6   225 - 232   2012

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ミニスクリューを使用して治療を行ったhigh mandibular plane angleを呈する下顎後退症例

村上 隆, 上岡 寛, 山城 隆

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   23 ( 1 )   53 - 59   2011.8

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The three-dimensional morphometry and cell-cell communication of the osteocyte network in chick and mouse embryonic calvaria. Reviewed International journal

Yasuyo Sugawara, Ryoko Ando, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Tadashi Honjo, Noriaki Kawanabe, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro

Calcified tissue international   88 ( 5 )   416 - 24   2011.5

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The study of osteocytes has progressed in chicks. We examined whether chick osteocyte data can be applied to other species. We used mice for comparison because they are common clinical tools in biomedical research and useful for future study. We analyzed the three-dimensional (3D) osteocyte network and gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in living embryonic calvaria for the anatomical features. Embryonic parietal bones were stained with fluorescently labeled phalloidin and observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. GJIC between osteocytes in chick and mouse parietal bone was assessed using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). The values for one chick and mouse osteocyte, respectively, were calculated as follows: cell processes 1,131 ± 139 μm, 2,668 ± 596 μm; surface area 1,128 ± 358 μm(2), 2,654 ± 659 μm(2); and cell volume 455 ± 90 μm(3), 1,328 ± 210 μm(3). The density of 3D osteocyte processes in the bone matrix was not significantly different. FRAP analysis showed dye coupling among osteocytes in chick and mouse bone. The fluorescence intensity recovered to 49.0 ± 2.4% in chicks and 39.9 ± 2.4% in mice after 5 minutes. Fluorescence recovery was similar within 4 minutes. The difference in osteocyte size between the two species might have affected their functions. Osteocyte processes in the two species may sense similarly changes in the exterior environment. We successfully conducted morphological and functional analyses of the osteocyte network in chicks and mice. The size of the osteocytes in bone differed between the two species.

DOI： 10.1007/s00223-011-9471-7

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Sox9 Expression during Fracture Repair Reviewed

Yuko Shintaku, Takashi Murakami, Takeshi Yanagita, Noriaki Kawanabe, Tomohiro Fukunaga, Kiyomi Matsuzaki, Setsuko Uematsu, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Kenji Takada, Takashi Yamashiro

CELLS TISSUES ORGANS   194 ( 1 )   38 - 48   2011

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The molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in bone development provide an insight into the nature of bone regeneration. Sox9 is a key transcription factor for chondrogenesis and is also expressed in osteochondroprogenitors during embryonic bone development. However, it has not been determined whether Sox9-expressing cells appear during fracture repair other than in the cartilaginous callus. On the other hand, the difference between bone development and repair is that the motion of the fractured segments is associated with the subsequent fate decision of osteochondrogenic precursors between osteogenesis or chondrogenesis, but the underlying mechanism of this still has to be elucidated. We herein evaluate whether Sox9 expressing cells appear during osseous regeneration in the initial stages of fracture healing in vivo. We also investigated the association between Sox9 induction and mechanical stress and the role of Runx1 expression. As a result, Sox9- and Runx1-expressing cells were detected in the periosteal callus together with Runx2 expression. Their expression levels were significantly downregulated during its ossification, as observed in embryonic bone development. The application of cyclic tension to isolated and cultured stromal cells resulted in the upregulation and maintenance of Sox9 mRNA expression in vitro. These results showed that as in early skeletal development, Sox9- and Runx1-expressing precursor cells first appear in the periosteal callus as an early fracture repair response. Our findings also suggested that the mechanical environment modulates Sox9 expression levels in osteochondrogenic precursors and consequently influences their fate decision between osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage commitment. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel

DOI： 10.1159/000322557

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科を受診しII期治療を開始した初診患者の実態調査

片岡伴記, 上岡寛, 川邊紀章, 本城正, 菅原康代, 村上隆, 柳田剛志, 石原嘉人, 山城隆

中四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   23 ( 1 )   83 - 92   2011

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Application of bioimaging to osteocyte biology

Hiroshi Kamioka, Taiji Adachi

Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism   8 ( 4 )   170 - 178   2010.12

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In a variety of scientific fields, it is helpful to visualize natural phenomena. Newly developed methods of visualization often lead to breakthroughs in scientific fields. Especially, in the bioscience field, it is significant to reveal temporal-spatial responses in cells while visualizing molecular phenomena. Such visualization may provide information to help understand cellular behavior in response to an extracellular stimulus. Although osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone, it has been difficult to study their biological nature because they are embedded in hard bone tissue. So, the real 3D structure of osteocytes was not clarified until recently. On the other hand, a newly developed technique of visualization was recently introduced into bone cell biology. In this review, we introduce and review our application of a bioimaging technique to reveal the morphology of osteocytes as well as part of their biological nature. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010.

DOI： 10.1007/s12018-010-9077-z

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Isolation of multipotent stem cells in human periodontal ligament using stage-specific embryonic antigen-4

Noriaki Kawanabe, Satoko Murata, Kaoru Murakami, Yoshihito Ishihara, Satoru Hayano, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro

DIFFERENTIATION   79 ( 2 )   74 - 83   2010.2

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The periodontal ligament (PDL) comprises adult stem cells, which are responsible for periodontal tissue regeneration. In the present study, we investigated the specific profile of the stem cells in the human PDL. Microscopic analysis demonstrated that PDL cells showed a fibroblastic appearance, forming flat and loose aggregates. PDL cells expressed embryonic stem cell-associated antigens (SSEA-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and REX1, and alkaline phosphatase activity), as well as conventional mesenchymal stem cell markers. When PDL cells were cultured in the presence of all-trans-retinoic acid, the numbers of SSEA-3+ and SSEA-4+ PDL cells were significantly decreased, while that of SSEA-1+ was increased. SSEA-4+ PDL cells showed a greater telomere length and growth rate. SSEA-4+ PDL cells exhibited the potential to generate specialized cells derived from three embryonic germ layers: mesodermal (adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes), ectodermal (neurons), and endodermal (hepatocytes) lineages. Our findings demonstrated that SSEA-4, a major antigen to distinguish human embryonic stem cells, could also be used to identify multipotent stem cells in the PDL. Hence, SSEA-4+ human PDL cells appear to be a promising source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. (C) 2009 International Society of Differentiation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.diff.2009.10.005

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科における来院患者の実態調査

白賀 のり子, 上岡 寛, 片岡 伴記, 植田 紘貴, 安藤 涼子, 石原 嘉人, 柳田 剛志, 村上 隆, 黒坂 寛, 菅原 康代, 本城 正, 川邉 紀章, 山城 隆

岡山歯学会雑誌   28 ( 2 )   107 - 114   2009.12

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岡山大学病院矯正歯科では2000年度から術前の顎機能検査とMRI検査を取り入れ、より精度の高い診断の基に個々の患者の様々な主訴に応じた治療を行っており、患者数も2001年度の184名から2008年度には209名に増加傾向を示した。2009年4月の1ヵ月間に来院した患者を対象に診療体制に関するアンケート調査を実施、回収された269名について分析した。その結果、対象の性別は女性が男性の1.5倍多く、年齢は成人患者が過半数を占め、矯正治療開始時の主訴は歯ならびの外観63.7%、顔や顎の形9.9%、噛み難い6.9%、発音し難い2.7%、顎関節疾患3.1%、虫歯や歯周病予防3.4%であった。来院のきっかけはかかりつけ医の紹介が35.1%と最も多く、来院動機は高度な専門医療が受けられると思うからが27.9%であった。以上より、岡山大学病院矯正歯科の特色であるインプラントアンカー治療や舌側矯正装置による治療を、地域との連携を深めながらより一層周知すること、さらなる技術の向上に努める必要性が示唆された。

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Camouflage treatment using implant anchorage in a skeletal Class III patient

Hiroshi Kamioka, Noriko Shiraga, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro

Orthodontic Waves   68 ( 4 )   171 - 177   2009.12

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This is a case report of a female patient (10 years 3 months) whose chief complaint was edge-to-edge bite. At the initial examination, the diagnosis was severe skeletal Class III. In first-phase treatment, growth modification was planned. Although forward and downward maxillary growth was observed, skeletal Class III still remained. In the second-phase treatment, implant anchorage was applied for distal movement of the mandibular teeth. A favorable occlusal relationship was achieved, and acceptable stomatognathic function was maintained after 2 years of retention. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd and the Japanese Orthodontic Society.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2009.05.001

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Asymmetric intercellular communication between bone cells: propagation of the calcium signaling. Reviewed International journal

Taiji Adachi, Yuki Aonuma, Keisuke Taira, Masaki Hojo, Hiroshi Kamioka

Biochemical and biophysical research communications   389 ( 3 )   495 - 500   2009.11

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Bone functional adaptation by remodeling is achieved by harmonized activities of bone cells in which osteocytes in the bone matrix are believed to play critical roles in sensing mechanical stimuli and transmitting signals to osteoclasts/osteoblasts on the bone surface in order to regulate their bone remodeling activities through the lacuno-canalicular network with many slender osteocytic processes. In this study, we investigated the intercellular communication between bone cells, particularly focusing on its directionality, through in vitro observations of the calcium signaling response to mechanical stimulus and its propagation to neighboring cells (NCs). Direct mechanical stimulus was applied to isolated bone cells from chick calvariae, osteocytes (Ocys) and bone surface cells (BSCs) mainly containing osteoblasts, and the percentage of calcium signaling propagation from the stimulated cell to NCs was analyzed. The results revealed that, regardless of the type of stimulated cell, the signaling propagated to BSCs with a significantly higher percentage, implying that calcium signaling propagation between bone cells strongly depends on the type of receiver cell and not the transmitter cell. In addition, in terms of mutual communication between Ocys and BSCs, the percentage of propagation from Ocys to BSCs is significantly higher than that in the opposite direction, suggesting that the calcium signaling mainly propagates asymmetrically with a bias from Ocys in bone matrix to BSCs on bone surfaces. This asymmetric communication between Ocys and BSCs suggests that osteocytic mechanosensing and cellular communications, which significantly affect bone surface remodeling activities to achieve functional adaptation, seem to be well coordinated and active at the location of biologically suitable and mechanically sensitive regions close to the bone surfaces.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.010

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Osteocyte calcium signaling response to bone matrix deformation. Reviewed International journal

Taiji Adachi, Yuki Aonuma, Shin-ichi Ito, Mototsugu Tanaka, Masaki Hojo, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Hiroshi Kamioka

Journal of biomechanics   42 ( 15 )   2507 - 12   2009.11

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Osteocytes embedded in calcified bone matrix have been widely believed to play important roles in mechanosensing to achieve adaptive bone remodeling in a changing mechanical environment. In vitro studies have clarified several types of mechanical stimuli such as hydrostatic pressure, fluid shear stress, and direct deformation influence osteocyte functions. However, osteocyte response to mechanical stimuli in the bone matrix has not been clearly understood. In this study, we observed the osteocyte calcium signaling response to the quantitatively applied deformation in the bone matrix. A novel experimental system was developed to apply deformation to cultured bone tissue with osteocytes on a microscope stage. As a mechanical stimulus to the osteocytes in bone matrix, in-plane shear deformation was applied using a pair of glass microneedles to bone fragments, obtained from 13-day-old embryonic chick calvariae. Deformation of bone matrix and cells was quantitatively evaluated using an image correlation method by applying for differential interference contrast images of the matrix and fluorescent images of immunolabeled osteocytes, together with imaging of the cellular calcium transient using a ratiometric method. As a result, it was confirmed that the newly developed system enables us to apply deformation to bone matrix and osteocytes successfully under the microscope without significant focal plane shift or deviation from the observation view field. The system could be a basis for further development to investigate the mechanosensing mechanism of osteocytes in bone matrix through examination of various types of rapid biochemical signaling responses and intercellular communication induced by matrix deformation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.006

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A method for observing silver-stained osteocytes in situ in 3-microm sections using ultra-high voltage electron microscopy tomography. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Kamioka, Sakhr A Murshid, Yoshihito Ishihara, Naoko Kajimura, Toshiaki Hasegawa, Ryoko Ando, Yasuyo Sugawara, Takashi Yamashiro, Akio Takaoka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada   15 ( 5 )   377 - 83   2009.10

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Osteocytes are surrounded by hard bone matrix, and it has not been possible previously to directly observe the in situ architecture of osteocyte morphology in bone. Electron microscope tomography, however, is a technique that has the unique potential to provide three-dimensional (3D) visualization of cellular ultrastructure. This approach is based on reconstruction of 3D volumes from a tilt series of electron micrographs of cells, and resolution at the nanometer level has been achieved. We applied electron microscope tomography to thick sections of silver-stained osteocytes in bone using a Hitachi H-3000 ultra-high voltage electron microscope equipped with a 360 degrees tilt specimen holder, at an accelerating voltage of 2 MeV. Osteocytes with numerous processes and branches were clearly seen in the serial tilt series acquired from 3-microm-thick sections. Reconstruction of young osteocytes showed the 3D topographic morphology of the cell body and processes at high resolution. This morphological data on osteocytes should provide useful information to those who study osteocyte physiology and the several models used to explain their mechanosensory properties.

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Corrigendum to "botulinum toxin type A (150 kDa) decreases exaggerated neurotransmitter release from trigeminal ganglion neurons and relieves neuropathy behaviors induced by infraorbital nerve constriction" [Neuroscience 159 (2009) 1422-1429] (DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.01.066) Reviewed

Y. Kitamura, Y. Matsuka, I. Spigelman, Y. Ishihara, Y. Yamamoto, W. Sonoyama, H. Kamioka, T. Yamashiro, T. Kuboki, K. Oguma

Neuroscience   161 ( 3 )   950   2009.7

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DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.067

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Bimaxillary protrusion with masseter muscle hypertrophy treated with titanium screw anchorage and masseter surgical reduction

Takashi Hashimoto, Shingo Kuroda, Hiroshi Kamioka, Katsuaki Mishima, Toshio Sugahara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   135 ( 4 )   536 - 548   2009.4

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This case report describes the treatment of a patient with bimaxillary protrusion and masseter muscle hypertrophy. At age 21 years 7 months, this woman had temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms, severe bimaxillary protrusion, and a prominent mandibular angle with facial asymmetry. After an attempt to alleviate the TMD symptoms with occlusal splint stabilization, portions of the masseter muscle and the mandible were surgically removed. Titanium screws were placed bilaterally in both arches, and a retraction force was applied. After active treatment for 38 months, the convexity of the facial profile with lip protrusion was improved remarkably, and good occlusion was achieved. The prominent mandibular angle with facial asymmetry was improved as a result of the surgical reduction of the masseter muscle and the modeling ostectomy near the masseteric tuberosity. The TMD symptoms disappeared, and the jaw movement pattern became normal. Therefore, our results suggest that this combination treatment would be useful for masseter muscle hypertrophy for morphologic and functional problems. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 135:536-48)

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.10.043

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上下顎移動術を適応した顎偏位を伴う骨格性下顎前突症例

本城正, 上岡 寛, 黒坂 寛, 山本照子, 山城 隆

中・四国矯正歯科学会雑誌   21 ( 1 )   41 - 53   2009

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[Osteocytes and mechanical stress]. Reviewed

Hiroshi Kamioka, Takashi Yamashiro

Clinical calcium   18 ( 9 )   1287 - 93   2008.9

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A number of fascinating studies suggest that osteocytes play an important role in bone metabolism, especially in its regulation by mechanical stimuli. However, it has been still discussed how the osteocytes were activated by mechanical stimuli. For example, direct mechanical load applied to cells at levels measured to occur in humans in vivo do not affect bone cells in vitro . In order to solve the contradiction, theories based on fluid flow-induced shear stress stimulation around osteocytes in bone have appeared with the most prominence. In addition, I would like to introduce recent hypothesis to mechanically stimulate osteocyte, such as strain amplification by radial hoop strains, flow induced integrin mediated signaling, and osteocyte lacuna strain. To validate the availability of these hypothesis, it is important to observe 3-dimensional osteocyte morphology as well as its interaction with pericellular matrix.

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【メカニカルストレスと骨】骨細胞とメカニカルストレス

上岡 寛, 山城 隆

Clinical Calcium   18 ( 9 )   1287 - 1293   2008.8

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骨は機械的刺激を受けマクロな変化を遂げる。その結果は、骨に存在する細胞群が引き起こすミクロな変化の集積である。このような変化を生じるためには、骨の細胞は何らかの方法で機械的刺激を感知しなければならない。実際に、骨の形態を変化させるのは骨芽細胞および破骨細胞であるが、機械的刺激を感知し、これらの細胞の役割を調節しているのが骨細胞であると考えられている。骨細胞は骨基質に囲まれている特異な環境のために、実際にどのようにして機械的刺激を感知しているのかは明らかではない。しかしながら、近年、生体工学的な試みにより、さまざまな骨細胞の機械的刺激の受容機構が提案されてきた。そこで、本稿ではこれらの説を紹介するとともに、骨細胞およびその周囲骨基質の三次元構造を求めることの重要性について解説していきたい。(著者抄録)

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The alteration of a mechanical property of bone cells during the process of changing from osteoblasts to osteocytes. Reviewed International journal

Yasuyo Sugawara, Ryoko Ando, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Sakhr A Murshid, Ken Hashimoto, Noriyuki Kataoka, Katsuhiko Tsujioka, Fumihiko Kajiya, Takashi Yamashiro, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Bone   43 ( 1 )   19 - 24   2008.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC  

Osteocytes acquire their stellate shape during the process of changing from osteoblasts in bone. Throughout this process, dynamic cytoskeletal changes occur. In general, changes of the cytoskeleton affect cellular mechanical properties. Mechanical properties of living cells are connected with their biological functions and physiological processes. In this study, we for the first time analyzed elastic modulus, a mechanical property of bone cells. Bone cells in embryonic chick calvariae and in isolated culture were identified using fluorescently labeled phalloidin and OB7.3, a chick osteocyte-specific monoclonal antibody, and then observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The elastic modulus of living cells was analyzed with atomic force microscopy. To examine the consequences of focal adhesion formation on the elastic modulus, cells were pretreated with GRGDS and GRGES, and then the elastic modulus of the cells was analyzed. Focal adhesions in the cells were visualized by immunofluorescence of vinculin. From fluorescence images, we could distinguish osteoblasts, osteoid osteocytes and mature osteocytes both in vivo and in vitro. The elastic modulus of peripheral regions of cells in all three populations was significantly higher than in their nuclear regions. The elastic modulus of the peripheral region of osteoblasts was 12053+/-934 Pa, that of osteoid osteocytes was 7971+/-422 Pa and that of mature osteocytes was 4471+/-198 Pa. These results suggest that the level of elastic modulus of bone cells was proportional to the stage of changing from osteoblasts to osteocytes. The focal adhesion area of osteoblasts was significantly higher than that of osteocytes. The focal adhesion area of osteoblasts was decreased after treatment with GRGDS, however, that of osteocytes was not. The elastic modulus of osteoblasts and osteoid osteocytes were decreased after treatment with GRGDS. However, that of mature osteocytes was not changed. There were dynamic changes in the mechanical property of elastic modulus and in focal adhesions of bone cells.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2008.02.020

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Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear

Toru Deguchi, Takashi Murakami, Shingo Kuroda, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS   133 ( 5 )   654 - 660   2008.5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

Introduction: Recently, miniscrews have been used to provide anchorage during orthodontic treatment, especially for incisor intrusion. Miniscrews during incisor intrusion are commonly used in implant orthodontics. Traditionally, effective incisor intrusion has been accomplished with J-hook headgear. In this study, we compared the effect of incisor intrusion, force vector, and amount of root resorption between implant orthodontics and J-hook headgear. Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 8 patients in the implant group and 10 patients in the J-hook headgear group were analyzed for incisor retraction. The estimated force vector was analyzed in the horizontal and vertical directions in both groups. Root resorption was also measured on periapical radiographs. Results: In the implant group, significant reductions in overjet, overbite, maxillary incisor to palatal plane, and maxillary incisor to upper lip were observed after intrusion of the incisors. In the J-hook headgear group, significant reductions in overjet, overbite, maxillary incisor to upper lip, and maxillary incisor to SN plane were observed after intrusion of the incisors. There were significantly greater reductions in overbite, maxillary incisor to palatal plane, and maxillary incisor to upper lip in the implant group than in the J-hook headgear group. Estimated force analysis resulted in significantly more force in the vertical direction and less in the horizontal direction in the implant group. Furthermore, significantly less root resorption was observed in the implant group compared with the J-hook headgear group. Conclusions: The maxillary incisors were effectively intruded by using miniscrews as orthodontic anchorage without patient cooperation. The amount of root resorption was not affected by activating the ligature wire from the miniscrew during incisor intrusion.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.04.047

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Hormonal, pH, and calcium regulation of connexin 43-mediated dye transfer in osteocytes in chick calvaria. Reviewed International journal

Yoshihito Ishihara, Hiroshi Kamioka, Tadashi Honjo, Hirotaka Ueda, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takashi Yamashiro

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research   23 ( 3 )   350 - 60   2008.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES  

UNLABELLED: Gap junctional intercellular communication among osteocytes in chick calvaria, their natural 3D environment, was examined using FRAP analysis. Cell-cell communication among osteocytes in chick calvaria was mediated by Cx43 and was regulated by extracellular pH, extracellular calcium ion concentration, and PTH. INTRODUCTION: The intercellular network of communication among osteocytes is mediated by gap junctions. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is thought to play an important role in integration and synchronization of bone remodeling. We hypothesized that extracellular pH (pH(o)) and extracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+](e)), both of which are dynamically altered by osteoclasts during bone remodeling, affect GJIC among osteocytes. Using fluorescence replacement after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, we examined the effect of changes in pH(o) and [Ca2+](e) and addition of PTH on GJIC in osteocytes in chick calvaria. Additionally, we examined the role of intracellular calcium on the regulation of GJIC among osteocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anti-Connexin43 (Cx43) immunolabeling was used to localize gap junctions in chick calvaria. GJIC among osteocytes in chick calvariae was assessed using FRAP. RESULTS: Cx43 immunoreactivity was detected in most of the osteocyte processes. FRAP analysis showed dye-coupling among osteocytes in chick calvariae. In untreated osteocytes, fluorescence intensity recovered 43.7 +/- 2.2% within 5 min after photobleaching. Pretreatment of osteocytes with 18 alpha-GA, a reversible inhibitor of GJIC, significantly decreased fluorescence recovery to 10.7 +/- 2.2%. When pH(o) was decreased from 7.4 to 6.9, fluorescence recovery significantly decreased from 43.3 +/- 2.9% to 19.7 +/- 2.3%. Conversely, when pH(o) was increased from 7.4 to 8.0, fluorescence recovery was significantly increased to 61.9 +/- 4.5%. When [Ca2+](e) was increased from 1 to 25 mM, fluorescence recovery was significantly decreased from 47.0 +/- 6.1% to 16.1 +/- 2.1%. In bone fragments exposed to 1.0-10 nM rPTH for 3 h, replacement of fluorescence was significantly increased to 60.7 +/- 7.2%. Chelating intracellular calcium ions affected GJIC regulation by [Ca2+](e) and PTH. CONCLUSIONS: Our study of cell-cell communication between osteocytes in chick calvaria showed for the first time that GJIC among osteocytes is regulated by the extracellular environment and by hormonal stimulation during bone remodeling. This method may be more biologically relevant to living bone than current methods.

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岡山大学大学院顎顔面口腔矯正学分野における過去6年間の矯正相談の実態について

菅原康代, 上岡 寛, 薮内利憲, 山城 隆

岡山歯学会雑誌   27 ( 1 )   29 - 34   2008

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過去10年間に岡山大学医学部・歯学部附属病院矯正歯科に来院した矯正患者の実態調査

柳田 剛志, 上岡 寛, 本城 正, 山城 隆

岡山歯学会雑誌   27 ( 1 )   35 - 42   2008

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著しいオトガイ後退を伴う顎顔面の変形に対し、オトガイ形成術とベニアグラフトを併用した症例

志茂 剛, 西山 明慶, 上岡 寛, 酒井 雄一, 川邉 紀章, 銅前 昇平, 小野 達生, 岸本 晃治, 目瀬 浩, 山城 隆, 佐々木 朗

岡山歯学会雑誌   26 ( 2 )   147 - 151   2007.12

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17歳女性。斜頸による舌骨上筋群および下筋群の高度緊張を認めた著しいオトガイ後退を伴う顎顔面の変形をきたした症例で、オトガイ部の後退に対する形態改善の目的で受診となった。顔貌所見にて正貌で眼瞼下垂、側貌でconvex type、口腔内所見にて両側Angel class II、overjet 3.7mm、overbite -2.5mm、前歯部は開咬を示していた。セファロ分析ではオトガイの劣成長を認め、舌骨が下方へ位置していた。CTデータをOsiriX Medical Imaging Softwareを用いた3Dおよび再構築CT画像においては、両側下顎犬歯から両側第二大臼歯部にかけて舌側皮質骨に溝状の凹みと同部の骨の非薄を認めた。骨非薄部の厚みは最も薄いところで約3mmであった。下顎後退症の臨床診断で、オトガイ形成術とベニアグラフトを併用して治療を行った。術後の側貌においてはlabiomental foldが明瞭化し、オトガイから頸部にかけての審美的改善が認められた。術後経過は良好で、骨片のずれや吸収等は認められない。

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Surgical orthodontic treatment for a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate and temporomandibular disorder

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Masahide Inoue, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Orthodontic Waves   66 ( 3 )   90 - 98   2007.9

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The patient was a 12-year-old female who presented with unilateral cleft lip and palate, facial asymmetry, mandibular protrusion, resorption of condyle heads, and transverse maxillary deficiency. At the age of 13 years 10 months, maxillary expansion and autogenous bone graft were performed to improve the maxillary collapsed arch. Aged 14 years 10 months, she described symptoms of temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. Segmental Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) were performed at the age of 15 years 11 months. Segmental Le Fort I osteotomy resulted in improved sagittal and transverse discrepancy of the maxilla. After IVRO, facial symmetry, a good facial profile, and disappearance of TMD symptoms were achieved. The occlusion and esthetics were stable after 5 years of retention. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd and the Japanese Orthodontic Society.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2007.06.002

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Erratum: Actin and microtubule cytoskeletons of the processes of 3D-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells and osteocytes (Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism (2007) 25, (151-158) DOI: 10.1007/s00774-006-0745-5) Reviewed

Sakhr A. Murshid, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Ryoko Ando, Yasuyo Sugawara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   25 ( 4 )   259   2007.7

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DOI： 10.1007/s00774-007-0772-x

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A case of Stickler syndrome with orthodontic treatment

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Daisuke Sawada, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Orthodontic Waves   66 ( 2 )   52 - 59   2007.6

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At the age of 10 years and 10 months, a patient was brought to our office with a chief complaint of dental crowding and narrow maxilla. She had been diagnosed as having Pierre-Robin sequence at birth. She showed a convex profile with Class II molar relationship. The dental relationship was corrected with headgear and functional appliance in phase I orthodontic treatment. Optimal intercuspation of the teeth achieved after edgewise treatment and good facial profile with Class I relationship were obtained. When she started retention at the age of 17 years, she was diagnosed as having Stickler syndrome. Although slight reduction of the mandible was observed after a retention period of 5 years, optimal intercuspation of teeth was maintained. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd and the Japanese Orthodontic Society.

DOI： 10.1016/j.odw.2007.03.002

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Primary cultures of chick osteocytes retain functional gap junctions between osteocytes and between osteocytes and osteoblasts

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Hans Ris, Sakhr A. Murshid, Yasuyo Sugawara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Soo-Siang Lim

MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS   13 ( 2 )   108 - 117   2007.4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS  

The inaccessibility of osteocytes due to their embedment in the calcified bone matrix in vivo has precluded direct demonstration that osteocytes use gap junctions as a means of intercellular communication. In this article, we report successfully isolating primary cultures of osteocytes from chick calvaria, and, using anti-connexin 43 immunocytochemistry, demonstrate gap junction distribution to be comparable to that found in vivo. Next, we demonstrate the functionality of the gap junctions by (1) dye coupling studies that showed the spread of microinjected Lucifer Yellow from osteoblast to osteocyte and between adjacent osteocytes and (2) analysis of fluorescence replacement after photobleaching (FRAP), in which photobleaching of cells loaded with a membrane-permeable dye resulted in rapid recovery of fluorescence into the photobleached osteocyte, within 5 min postbleaching. This FRAP effect did not occur when cells were treated with a gap junction blocker (18 alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid), but replacement of fluorescence into the photobleached cell resumed when it was removed. These studies demonstrate that gap junctions are responsible for intercellular communication between adjacent osteocytes and between osteoblasts and osteocytes. This role is consistent with the ability of osteocytes to respond to and transmit signals over long distances while embedded in a calcified matrix.

DOI： 10.1017/S143192760707016X

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Less response of osteocyte than osteoblast to mechanical force: implication of different focal adheison fometion

Takano-YamamotoT, Kamioka H, Sugawara Y

Interface Oral Health Science   1 ( 1 )   149 - 158   2007

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Actin and microtubule cytoskeletons of the processes of 3D-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells and osteocytes. Reviewed

Sakhr A Murshid, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshihito Ishihara, Ryoko Ando, Yasuyo Sugawara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism   25 ( 3 )   151 - 8   2007

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER TOKYO  

Cell shape is the most critical determinant of cell function and is potentially influenced by the organization of a cell's cytoskeletal components. It has been reported that three-dimensionally cultured osteoblasts have a morphology that closely resembles that of osteocytes, most notably including formation of processes. We have previously shown the critical differences between cytoskeletal components in osteoblasts and osteocytes in two-dimensional culture. We have now extended that investigation to the cytoskeletal components of 3D-cultured osteoblasts and osteocytes using 3D cultures of the osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1, and primary osteocytes grown in collagen gel. Three-dimensional fluorescent image reconstructions for actin, fimbrin, alpha-actinin, myosin, tropomyosin, and microtubules were made using IMARIS software. Actin, fimbrin, alpha-actinin, myosin, and tropomyosin all appeared in the processes of both cell types, but fimbrin and myosin showed differences in their distribution patterns between cell types. Microtubules were limited in distribution to the proximal region of osteocyte processes but extended the entire length of MC3T3-E1 cell processes. Microtubules were essential for the integrity and formation of MC3T3-E1 cell processes, but osteocyte processes were dependent on actin. These results showed that there are significant differences between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons in the processes of 3D-cultured MC3T3-E1 cells and in the processes of 3D-cultured primary osteocytes. These differences in the cytoskeleton of the processes of 3D-cultured osteoblasts and of osteocyte dendrites suggest that osteoblast processes may have a different functional role than the osteocyte dendritic network.

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alpha(V)beta(3) Integrin ligands enhance volume-sensitive calcium influx in mechanically stretched osteocytes

Akimitsu Miyauchi, Masayuki Gotoh, Hiroshi Kamioka, Kohei Notoya, Hideki Sekiya, Yasuyuki Takagi, Yoshio Yoshimoto, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Kazuo Chihara, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, Takuo Fujita, Yuko Mikuni-Takagaki

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM   24 ( 6 )   498 - 504   2006.11

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We propose that specific osteocyte-matrix interactions regulate the volume-sensitive calcium influx pathway, which we have shown is mediated by stretch-activated cation channels (SA-Cat) and is essential for the stretch-activated anabolic response in bone. The current study measured the hypotonic swelling-induced increase in cytosolic calcium concentration, [Ca2+](i), in rat osteocytes, and found that cells adherent to different matrices behave differently. Osteopontin and vitronectin, matrix molecules that bind the alpha(V)beta(3) integrin, induced larger responses to the hypotonic swelling than other matrix molecules that bind other integrins. Addition of echistatin, which is a soluble alpha(V)beta(3) ligand, significantly enhanced the hypotonic [Ca2+](i) increase in addition to inducing an immediate increase in [Ca2+](i) by itself. These results strongly support the contention that alpha(V)beta(3) integrin signaling in osteocytes interacts with that in mechanotransduction, which is downstream of SA-Cat.

DOI： 10.1007/s00774-006-0716-x

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Fluid shear stress induces less calcium response in a single primary osteocyte than in a single osteoblast: Implication of different focal adhesion formation

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yasuyo Sugawara, Sakhr A. Murshid, Yoshihito Ishihara, Tadashi Honjo, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH   21 ( 7 )   1012 - 1021   2006.7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Introduction: To explore the immediate response to mechanical stress in a bone cell population, we examined flow-induced calcium transients. In addition, the involvement of focal adhesion-related calcium transients in response to fluid flow in the cells was studied.
Materials and Methods: Bone cells were isolated from 16-day-old embryonic chicken calvaria by serial treatment with EDTA and collagenase. Single cells on glass without intercellular connections were subjected to fluid flow, and intracellular calcium concentration was measured using imaging with fluo-3. The identification of cell populations in the same field was performed with a chick osteocyte-specific antibody, OB7.3, and an alkaline phosphatase substrate, ELF-97, for osteoblast identification afterward. Immunofluorescence staining of vinculin was performed to visualize focal adhesions.
Results: The percentage of cells responding to fluid shear stress at 1.2 Pa was 5.5% in osteocytes, 32.4% in osteoblasts, and 45.6% in OB7.3/ELF-97-negative cells. Furthermore, osteoblasts and OB7.3/ELF-97-negative cells were more responsive to 2.4 Pa than 1.2 Pa, whereas osteocytes were less responsive. The elevation of calcium transients over baseline did not show any significant differences in the populations. To elucidate the mechanism accounting for the fact that single osteocytes are less sensitive to fluid shear stress of up to 2.4 Pa than osteoblasts, we studied focal adhesion-related calcium transients. First, we compared focal adhesion formation between osteocytes and osteoblasts and found a larger number of focal adhesions in osteoblasts than in osteocytes. Next, when the cells were pretreated with GRGDS (0.5 mM) before flow treatment, a significant reduction of calcium transients in osteoblasts (18%) was observed, whereas calcium transients in osteocytes were not changed by GRGDS. Control peptide GRGES did not reduce the calcium transients in either cell type. Furthermore, we confirmed that osteoblasts in calvaria showed a marked formation of vinculin plaques in the periphery of the cells. However, osteocytes in calvaria showed faint vinculin plaques only at the base of the processes.
Conclusions: On glass, single osteocytes are less sensitive to fluid shear stress up to 2.4 Pa than osteoblasts. The difference in calcium transients might be related to differences in focal adhesion formation. Shear stress of a higher magnitude or direct deformation may be responsible for the mechanical response of osteocytes in bone.

DOI： 10.1359/JBMR.060408

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Quantitative evaluation of cortical bone thickness with computed tomographic scanning for orthodontic implants

Toru Deguchi, Miho Nasu, Kaoru Murakami, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Hiroshi Kamioka, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics   129 ( 6 )   721 - e12   2006.6

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate cortical bone thickness in various locations in the maxilla and the mandible. In addition, the distances from intercortical bone surface to root surface, and distances between the roots of premolars and molars were also measured to determine the acceptable length and diameter of the miniscrew for anchorage during orthodontic treatment. Methods: Three-dimensional computed tomographic images were reconstructed for 10 patients. Cortical bone thicknesses were measured in the buccal and lingual regions mesial and distal to the first molar, distal to the second molar, and in the premaxillary region at 2 different levels. Differences in cortical bone thickness at 3 angles (30°, 45°, and 90°) were also assessed. Distances of the intercortical bone surface to the root surface and the root proximity were also measured at the above areas. Results: Significantly less cortical bone thickness was observed at the buccal region distal to the second molar compared with other areas in the maxilla. Significantly more cortical bone was observed on the lingual side of the second molar compared with the buccal side. In the mandible, mesial and distal to the second molar, significantly more cortical bone was observed compared with the maxilla. Furthermore, significantly more cortical bone was observed at the anterior nasal spine level than at Point A in the premaxillary region. Cortical bone thickness resulted in approximately 1.5 times as much at 30° compared with 90° Significantly more distance from the intercortical bone surface to the root surface was observed at the lingual region than at the buccal region mesial to the first molar. At the distal of the first mandibular molar, significantly more distance was observed compared to that in the mesial, and also compared with both distal and mesial in the maxillary first molar. There was significantly more distance in root proximity in the mesial area than in distal area at the first molar, and significantly more distance was observed at the occlusal level than at the apical level. Conclusions: These data show that the safest location for placing miniscrews might be mesial or distal to the first molar, and an acceptable size of the miniscrew is less than approximately 1.5 mm in diameter and approximately 6 to 8 mm in length. © 2006 American Association of Orthodontists.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.02.026

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-immunoreactive primary sensory neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal sensory nuclei

H Ichikawa, T Yabuuchi, HW Jin, R Terayama, T Yamaai, T Deguchi, H Kamioka, T Takano-Yamamoto, T Sugimoto

BRAIN RESEARCH   1081   113 - 118   2006.4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Immunohistochemistry for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was performed on the rat trigeminal ganglion (TG). The immunoreactivity (IR) was detected in 46% of TG neurons. These neurons were mostly small- or medium-sized (range, 149.7-1246.3 mu m(2); mean +/- SD = 373.4 +/- 151.6 mu m(2)). A double immunofluorescence method also revealed that 54% of BDNF-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were immunoreactive for calcitonin-gene related peptide. in addition, 93% of BDNF-IR TG neurons contained vanilloid receptor subtype 1. However, the co-expression of BDNF and vanilloid receptor 1-like receptor was very rare (less than 1%). In the trigeminal sensory nuclei, laminae II of the medullary dorsal horn was abundant in presumed BDNF-IR axon terminals. Such profiles were also detected in the dorsolateral part of the subnucleus oralis. The retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical methods demonstrated that BDNF-IR was common among cutaneous TG neurons (47%) but not tooth pulp TG neurons (13%). The present study indicates that BDNF-IR TG neurons have unmyelinated axons and project to the superficial medullary dorsal horn. It is likely that BDNF-containing neurons in both the trigeminal and spinal sensory systems have similarities in morphology and function. However, the content of BDNF in TG neurons probably depends on their peripheral targets. BDNF seems to convey nociceptive cutaneous input to the trigeminal sensory nuclei. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.027

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Implementation and evaluation of the debate-style tutrial study in a third-year dental curriculum in Japan.

Shingaki R, Kamioka H, Irie M, Nishimura F

International Education Journal   2006

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English Education Using Original Scientific Papers : A Questionnaire Survey of Fifth Grade Students at Okayama University Dental School

KAMIOKA Hiroshi, MIYAWAKI Shouichi, NASU Miho, TAKANO YAMAMOTO Teruko

22 ( 3 )   307 - 312   2006

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731 Observation of Deformation of Osteocytes in Bone Matrix

ITO Shinichi, TANAKA Mototsugu, ADACHI Taiji, KAMIOKA Hiroshi, YAMAMOTO(TAKANO) Teruko, HOJO Masaki

The proceedings of the JSME annual meeting   2006   261 - 262   2006

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Osteocyte network system embedded in bone matrix is considered as one of the important elements in the mechanosensory system in bone remodeling. In order to understand the mechanosensory mechanism of osteocytes network, it is essential to evaluate mechanical stimulation to osteocyte network quantitatively as well as to observe biochemical response of osteocyte network to deformation of bone matrix. This study aimed to develop the method to evaluate osteocyte network deformation against bone matrix deformation. Osteocyte network in chick calvarial bone tissue was visualized by immunostaining of cell membrane using OB7.3. Osteocyte network displacement induced by localized deformation to bone matrix using a glass microneedle was observed. Analysis of osteocyte network displacement was fairly successful using the image-correlation method. Applicability of the method newly developed in this study was discussed in combination with biochemical response observation of change in intracellular calcium ion concentration using the fluorescent ratiometry method, in order to investigate the relation between macroscopic deformation of bone matrix and microscopic cellular response.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2006.5.0_261

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732 Relation between Mechanical Stimulation by Localized Deformation and Calcium Signaling Response in Single Isolated Osteocytes

AONUMA Yuki, TANAKA Mototsugu, ADACHI Taiji, KAMIOKA Hiroshi, YAMAMOTO(TAKANO) Teruko, YANO Sumio, HOJO Masaki

The proceedings of the JSME annual meeting   2006   263 - 264   2006

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The osteocyte is considered as a candidate of the mechanosensory cells in bone tissue. In order to understand the mechanosensory mechanism of osteocytes, it is essential to evaluate mechanical stimulation to osteocytes quantitatively as well as to observe biochemical response of osteocytes to mechanical stimulus. This study aimed to develop the method to evaluate and control mechanical stimulation to osteocytes. Microbeads coated with OB7.3 were attached to chick calvarial isolated osteocytes. Mechanical stimulus applied by pushing microbeads using a glass microneedle was successfully evaluated and controlled. Change in the intracellular Ca^<2+> concentration induced by localized mechanical stimulation by a microneedle was observed using a confocal laser-scanning microscope. Calcium signaling response was up-regulated by mechanical stimulation to proximal base of cell process, while it was not up-regulated by mechanical stimulation to cell body.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2006.5.0_263

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of chick calvarial osteocytes and their cell processes using confocal microscopy

Y Sugawara, H Kamioka, T Honjo, K Tezuka, T Takano-Yamamoto

BONE   36 ( 5 )   877 - 883   2005.5

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Osteocytes are surrounded by hard bone matrix. Therefore, it has not previously been possible to demonstrate the real architecture of the osteocyte network in bone. We previously reported that it is possible to observe osteocytes in bone by labeling the cells with fluorescence and using confocal laser scanning (CLS) microscopy. In this study, we for the first time conducted an extensive analysis of the morphology and morphometry of the three-dimensional (3D) osteocyte structure using three-dimensionally reconstructed fluorescent images. Sixteen-day-old embryonic chick calvariae were stained with fluorescently labeled phalloidin and observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Morphometry of osteocytes in the calvaria was analyzed using extensive three-dimensional reconstructing software IMARIS, process length measuring software NEURON TRACER and cell surface area-/cell volume-analyzing software SURPASS. From the IMARIS-derived images, we found that the average of 10 osteocytes is 52.7 &PLUSMN; 5.7 processes, and the point-to-point distance between centers of the osteocytes was 24.1 &PLUSMN; 2.8 &mu; m. In addition, we could calculate that each osteocyte spans an average of 4180 &PLUSMN; 673 &mu; m(3) of bone volume. NEURON TRACER showed that the length of osteocyte processes was 0.26 &PLUSMN; 0.02 &mu; m per 1 &mu; m(3) bone compartment. In addition, SURPASS indicated that the surface area of osteocytes was 0.36 &PLUSMN; 0.03 &mu; m(2) per 1 &mu; m(3) bone compartment and that the volume ratio of osteocyte cell body to bone compartment was 9.42% &PLUSMN; 1.18%. Together, the average total length of the processes, the average surface area, and the average volume of one osteocyte were 1070 &PLUSMN; 145 &mu; m, 1509 &PLUSMN; 113 &mu; m(2), and 394 &PLUSMN; 49 &mu; m(3), respectively. It is possible to reconstruct the real architecture of the osteocyte network and obtain morphometric data from fluorescently labeled osteocytes in chick calvaria. &COPY; 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bone.2004.10.008

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最近7年間に発表された英語原著論文を用いた岡山大学歯学部5年次生への英語教育について.

上岡 寛, 宮脇正一, 出口 徹, 黒田晋吾, 福永智広, 湊 雅直, 菅原康代, 川邉紀章, 荒木佳子, 片山 朗, 山本照子

岡山歯学会雑誌   2005

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1254 Response of Isolated Osteocyte to Mechanical Stimulus

TANAKA Mototsugu, AONUMA Yuki, ADACHI Taiji, KAMIOKA Hiroshi, TAKANO-YAMAMOTO Teruko, HOJO Masaki

The proceedings of the JSME annual meeting   2005   119 - 120   2005

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Osteocyte network system embedded in bone matrix is considered as one of the important elements in the mechanosensory mechanism. This study observed the response of an isolated osteocyte to mechanical stimulus, as the first step to clarify the complex mechanisms of mechanosensing and signal transduction of the osteocyte network in living tissue matrix. Change in the intracellular Ca^<2+> concentration induced by mechanical stimulus to the osteocyte cell body was observed, and the sensitivity to the stimulus was compared with that of the osteoblast. In addition, the role of cytoskeletal actin filaments in the mechanosensory mechanism was discussed in terms of its localized distribution in the cell body and processes through the comparison with the osteoblasts.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2005.6.0_119

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Possible roles of Runx1 and Sox9 in incipient intramembranous ossification

T Yamashiro, XP Wang, Z Li, S Oya, T Aberg, T Fukunaga, H Kamioka, NA Speck, T Takano-Yamamoto, Thesleff, I

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH   19 ( 10 )   1671 - 1677   2004.10

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES  

We evaluated the detailed expression patterns of Runx1 and Sox9 in various types of bone formation, and determined whether Runx1 expression was affected by Runx2 deficiency and Runx2 expression by Runx1 deficiency. Our results indicate that both Runx1 and Sox9 are intensely expressed in the future osteogenic cell compartment and in cartilage. The pattern of Runx1 and Sox9 expression suggests that both genes could potentially be involved in incipient intramembranous bone formation during craniofacial development.

DOI： 10.1359/JBMR.04081

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Terminal differentiation of osteoblasts to osteocytes is accompanied by dramatic changes in the distribution of actin-binding proteins

H Kamioka, Y Sugawara, T Honjo, T Yamashiro, T Takano-Yamamoto

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH   19 ( 3 )   471 - 478   2004.3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES  

Immunofluorescence staining of actin-binding proteins in osteoblasts and osteocytes was performed. alpha-Actinin, myosin, and tropomyosin showed similar organization in both osteoblastic stress fibers and osteocyte processes. However, fimbrin, villin, filamin, and spectrin showed dramatic differences in distribution between osteoblasts and osteocytes. This study suggested that terminal differentiation of osteoblasts to osteocytes is accompanied by highly dramatic changes in the distribution of actin-binding proteins.
Introduction: We previously reported that osteocyte shape is dependent on actin filaments. To analyze the terminal differentiation from osteoblasts to osteocytes, we investigated the actin-binding proteins, which are the control elements in the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton.
Materials and Methods: We used primary chick osteocytes and osteoblasts, the phenotypes of which were confirmed by use of OB7.3, a chick osteocyte-specific monoclonal antibody and by detection of alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively, Immunofluorescence staining was performed for visualizing actin-binding proteins. Furthermore, we applied shear stress at 12 dyns/cm(2) to the cells and compared the changes in fimbrin distribution.
Results: Immunofluorescence staining of fimbrin and alpha-actinin showed their presence in the processes of osteocytes, with especially strong signals of fimbrin at the sites of divarication of the processes. Anti-villin was reactive with the osteocyte cytoplasm but not with the processes. Interestingly, anti-villin immunoreactivity was much stronger in osteocytes than in osteoblasts. Filamin was localized along the stress fibers of osteoblasts but was seen only in those in the proximal base of osteocyte processes. Myosin and tropomyosin were found to have a similar pattern in both stress fibers of osteoblasts and osteocyte processes. The difference in the distribution of anti-spectrin staining was highly dramatic. Osteoblasts immunostained with anti-spectrin showed punctate signals on their cytoplasmic membranes, whereas anti-spectrin in osteocytes detected a filamentous organization; and the spectrin was totally colocalized with actin from the distal portion of the cytoplasmic processes to the cell center. In osteoblasts, shear stress induced recruitment of fimbrin to the end of stress fibers. However, fimbrin in the osteocyte processes did not change its localization.
Conclusion: We found that terminal differentiation of osteoblasts to osteocytes was accompanied by highly dramatic changes in the distribution of actin-binding proteins, changes of which may affect cellular function.

DOI： 10.1359/JBMR.040128

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A surgical orthodontic case of anterior open bite developing during adolescence.

Kamioka H, Honjo T, Takano-Yamamoto T

Orthodontic Waves   2004

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岡山大学医学部・歯学部附属病院矯正歯科における平成１５年度歯科医師卒後臨床研修内容

宮本学, 宮脇正一, 出口徹, 藤木辰哉, 福永智広, 黒田晋吾, 坪井佳子, 谷本裕子, 上岡寛, 山城隆, 山本照子

岡山歯学会雑誌   23 ( 2 )   201 - 205   2004

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平成15年度岡山大学医学部・歯学部附属病院歯科医師卒後臨床研修のベーシックプログラムに対する矯正歯科の関わりについて総括し,今後の課題について考察した.全人的な視点からさまざまな歯科治療分野に関わる適切で十分な医療情報を収集し,それらに基づいた治療計画を立案する能力を育成することは,総合歯科研修の大変重要な目的で,矯正歯科のような専門的な知識を基にした診断能力の育成も重要である.基本技術の育成を重要視しながら,こういった診断能力を育成していくことは,これからの社会に貢献できる歯科医師の育成にとって必須であることが示唆された

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Quantitative analysis of the effects of the undergraduate seminar : In the preparation for the National Dental Board Examination :

DEGUCHI Toru, MIYAWAKI Shouichi, FUJII Akihito, YABUUCHI Toshinori, KAMIOKA Hiroshi, KURATANI Tsuyoshi, YAMAMOTO Teruko

Orthodontic waves : journal of the Japanese Orthodontic Society = Orthodontic waves : journal of the Japanese Orthodontic Society   63 ( 4 )   114 - 116   2004

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At present, the National Dental Board Examination (National Board) of Japan is based on a multiple choice type questions. The importance of this examination is not only to pass, but also the passing rate is considered to be one of the criteria to evaluate the quality of the Universities. However, there has been no effort to help students for the National Board in most of the dental Universities. Furthermore, there has been no report that has quantitatively assessed the effect of the orthodontic lectures or seminars for educational purpose. Therefore, we have evaluated the effect of the 90-minute orthodontic preparation seminar for the National Board. First of all, we had analyzed the past National Board questions in detail, and find out a solution of the problem, and made a textbook that was used in the seminar. We lectured the solution for the problem using slides, and instructed to solve the questions right after the lecture and repeated this process. Then, we have statistically compared the pre- and post-examination that was considered to be identical difficulty and similar question. In order to eliminate the influence of the examination, we have used two different examinations randomly for pre- or post-examination. As a result, after the seminar, the scores of the students were significantly increased which was more than 10%. Therefore, we concluded that even a single preparation seminar has a significant effect for the undergraduate students.

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Assessment of undergraduate orthodontic education : a correlation between written examination, laboratory work, and Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) of medical interviews :

MIYAWAKI Shouichi, DEGUCHI Toru, KAMIOKA Hiroshi, FUJIKI Tatsuya, IMAI Mikako, YOSHIDA Toshiko, TAKANO-YAMAMOTO Teruko

Orthodontic waves : journal of the Japanese Orthodontic Society = Orthodontic waves : journal of the Japanese Orthodontic Society   63 ( 3 )   71 - 75   2004

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The necessity for a revolution in medical and dental undergraduate education assessment has received considerable attention in recent years. In the case of orthodontic undergraduate curriculum, not only the traditional lecturebased learning or laboratory work, but also the need for specific education to improve communication skills with patients has been emphasized. However, there have not been any studies reporting the correlation between the assessments such as traditional written examination, laboratory work, and medical interviews of the undergraduate knowledge levels. In the present study, we assessed the correlation of these various educational methods. Data were collected from 51 undergraduate students that had taken the same lecture, laboratory work, and Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) of medical interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient to assess the correlation between these educational methods. Prior to the written examinations (10 questions), undergraduate students took 32 (48 hours) sessions taught by 3 orthodontic faculty members. Those 3 orthodontic faculty members prepared questions from the lectures they had given, and scored the examinations. There were of 6 (27 hours) laboratory work taught by four orthodontic faculty members. Four orthodontic appliances were evaluated by a single orthodontic faculty member. The clinical interview and the lecture were conducted by 2 orthodontic faculty member 2 times (3 hours). Assessment of the OSCE was conducted by 8 well-trained and calibrated dental faculty members. Two faculty members and one student (as a simulated and standardized patient, i. e., SP) evaluated each undergraduate student. Assessment of content and process areas of the OSCE was performed by 2 faculty members. The total examination time was 6 minutes. As a result, the written examination score positively correlated with all other variables excluding the process area. This was the same in the results of OSCE. There was no correlation between laboratory work and either the process area or the total evaluation results of the OSCE. In conclusion, basic scientific knowledge of orthodontics helps in laboratory work and communication skills. However, specific knowledge and skills are required in the process area of conducting a medical interview with patients.

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岡山大学歯学部附属病院矯正科における週1回の診療時間の延長が新患数ならびに矯正治療を開始した患者数に及ぼす影響

山本 照子, 宮脇 正一, 坪井 佳子, 谷本 裕子, 山城 隆, 上岡 寛, 宮本 学, 倉谷 豪, 藤木 辰哉, 黒田 晋吾, 出口 徹, 藤山 光治, 井上 雅秀, 大矢 伸治, 福永 智広, 森重 靖子, 本城 正, 荒木 佳子, 片山 朗, 菅原 康代, 石光 哲郎, 竹下 信郎, 湊 雅直, 酒井 雄一, 藤井 昭仁, 藪内 利憲

岡山歯学会雑誌   22 ( 1 )   215 - 218   2003.6

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平成14年2月より,矯正科において毎週水曜日の診療時間を2時間延長した.診療時間延長開始以降1年間の矯正科新患数は316名で,平成13年度は12年度とほぼ同数であったが,14年度は13年度に比較して11%増加した.14年度の矯正治療開始患者数は201名で,平成12年度は160名,13年度は177名であり,前年度に比較して14%増加した.診療時間延長は患者サービスに多大な貢献をしたことが示された

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骨格性下顎前突症にRigid External Distraction systemを適用した仮骨延長の一症例

大矢 伸治, 山下 和夫, 上岡 寛, 山本 照子, 香川 智正, 三島 克章, 菅原 利夫

日本顎変形症学会雑誌   11 ( 2 )   153 - 153   2001.8

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Mechanical stimulation induces CTGF expression in rat osteocytes Reviewed

T. Yamashiro, T. Fukunaga, N. Kobashi, H. Kamioka, T. Nakanisni, M. Takigawa, T. Takano-Yamamoto

Journal of Dental Research   80 ( 2 )   461 - 465   2001

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE Publications Inc.  

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which is encoded by an immediate early gene and a member of the CCN family, has been shown to be expressed in osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. Although CTGF is expressed in bone and cartilage tissues, we tested the hypothesis that CTGF is regulated in mechanotransduction. In the alveolar bone during experimental tooth movement, CTGF mRNA was expressed in osteoblasts and in osteocytes localized around the periodontal ligament under control conditions. Interestingly, 12 hrs after the start of experimental tooth movement, the expression of CTGF mRNA in osteocytes and osteoblasts became more intense around the periodontal ligament, and the intense expression of CTGF extended to osteocytes situated deep in alveolar bone matrix apart from periodontal ligament in both tension and compression sides. Our present findings indicate that CTGF could play a role in regulation of osteocyte function during the mechanical stimulation of bone.

DOI： 10.1177/00220345010800021201

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A three-dimensional distribution of osteocyte processes revealed by the combination of confocal laser scanning microscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy Reviewed

H. Kamioka, T. Honjo, T. Takano-Yamamoto

Bone   28 ( 2 )   145 - 149   2001

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Osteocytes are the most numerous cells in bone, embedded within the mineralized bone matrix. Their slender cytoplasmic processes form a complex intercellular network. In addition, these processes are thought to be important structures in the response to mechanical stress. This study provides an extensive analysis of the three-dimensional structure of the osteocyte and its processes in 16-day-old embryonic chick calvariae, based on nondestructive subsurface histotomography using both confocal laser scanning (CLS) microscopy and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. OB7.3, a chicken osteocyte-specific monoclonal antibody, and Texas Red-X-conjugated phalloidin were used to confirm the osteocyte phenotype and to identify whole cells in the calvariae, respectively. Serial CLS images revealed morphological changes in bone cells up to 20 μm in depth. Osteocytes had widely spread their processes into the osteoblast layer, and we found for the first time that some of these processes had elongated to the vascular-facing surface of the osteoblast layer. Furthermore, stereotype images reconstructed from CLS images could show the three-dimensional distribution of these processes. Using the stereopair image, we could evaluate the frequency of processes between osteocytes and osteoblasts. Complementation of DIC microscopy revealed canaliculi and lacunae with high contrast. The distributional pattern of canaliculi generally coincided with that of the osteocyte processes. We consider that the combination method of CLS microscopy and DIC microscopy using a laser scanning microscope is a very useful new technical approach for investigating osteocytes in bone. Copyright © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/S8756-3282(00)00421-X

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Osteocyte Shape Is Dependent on Actin Filaments and Osteocyte Processes Are Unique Actin-Rich Projections Reviewed

Kayo Tanaka-Kamioka, Hiroshi Kamioka, Hans Ris, Soo-Siang Lim

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research   13 ( 10 )   1555 - 1568   1998.10

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DOI： 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.10.1555

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Extracellular calcium causes the release of calcium from intracellular stores in chick osteocytes Reviewed

Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshiki Miki, Koji Sumitani, Kahori Tagami, Kunihiro Terai, Kazuo Hosoi, Terushige Kawata

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications   212 ( 2 )   692 - 696   1995.7

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We have recently demonstrated that a rise in the extracellular divalent cation concentration induces a rapid elevation of cytosolic calcium in chick osteocytes. Here, we demonstrate that cytosolic calcium elevation that occurs in osteocytes on exposure to elevated extracellular calcium is independent of membrane voltage and is insensitive to modulation by organic calcium channel modulators, namely, BAY K 8644, nicardipine, and nifedipine. However, the calcium elevation was sensitive to modulation by an intracellular calcium antagonist, TMB-8, suggesting that the cytosolic calcium elevation was due to mobilization of this cation from an intracellular store. © 1995 Academic Press, Inc.

DOI： 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2024

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Effects of transforming growth factor-β1 on formation and activation of osteoclasts Reviewed

Hiroshi Kamioka, Keishi Ishikawa, Kayo Tanaka, Takuya Sato, Ken-Ichi Tezuka, Kenji Hiura, Koji Sumitani, Yoshiyuki Hakeda, Terushige Kawata, Masayoshi Kumegawa

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism   13 ( 1 )   3 - 9   1995.3

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer-Verlag  

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has biological functions in various types of cells. However, its roles in the regulation of osteoclast formation and function are unclear. To examine them, we employed a culture system in which unfractionated cells obtained from long bones of 13-day-old mice were cultured on a dentine slice. We found that TGF-β1 has a potent inhibitory effect on osteoclastic bone resorption at a dose of 0.2-5 ng/ml. By electron microscopy the osteoclasts appeared to have fewer mitochondria and ruffled borders than those in control cultures. But in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, [1,25-(OH)2D3], TGF-β1 at a dose of 0.2-1 ng/ml stimulated the formation of osteoclasts from unfractionated bone cell cultures in which preexistent osteoclasts had degenerated. Thus, using stromal cell-free he-mopoietic blast cells, we examined the direct action of TGF-β1 on osteoclast precursors. Although TGF-β1 inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP) multinucleate cell (MNC) formation induced by 1,25-(OH)2D3, the conditioned medium (CM) of TGF-β1-treated MC3T3-E1 cells stimulated such formation. These results suggest that TGF-β1 inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption but stimulates osteoclast formation via the action of factor(s) produced by TGF-β1-treated osteoblasts in the presence of 1,25-(OH)2D3. © 1995 Springer-Verlag.

DOI： 10.1007/BF01771798

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Divalent cations elevate cytosolic calcium of chick osteocytes Reviewed

Hiroshi Kamioka, Koji Sumitani, Kahori Tagami, Yoshiki Miki, Kunihiro Terai, Yoshiyuki Hakeda, Masayoshi Kumegawa, Terushige Kawata

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications   204 ( 2 )   519 - 524   1994.10

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Though it is proposed that osteocytes have several functions in bone metabolism, only limited definite information including results of calcium regulation has been forthcoming. We demonstrate here for the first time that the concentration of divalent cations, such as calcium, nickel and cadmium, directly regulates the cytosolic calcium concentration in osteocytes. © 1994 Academic Press. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2490

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The mechanisms and regulation of procathepsin L secretion from osteoclasts in bone resorption Reviewed

Kahori Tagami, Hisao Kakegawa, Hiroshi Kamioka, Koji Sumitani, Terushige Kawata, Brigita Lenarcič, Vito Turk, Nobuhiko Katunuma

FEBS Letters   342 ( 3 )   308 - 312   1994.4

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The secretion mechanisms of cathepsin L from osteoclasts in the process of bone resorption were investigated. The increases in bone pit numbers formed take place by PTH addition in parallel with the increases of cathepsin L and/or L-like proteinase activities in the culture medium of bone cells, and these were suppressed by the addition ofcalcitonin. The Z-Phe-Arg-MCA hydrolysing activity increased in the medium through the effect of PTH is considered to be a kind of procathepsin L by Western blotting analysis, and was suppressed by calcitonin addition. Furthermore, monensin inhibited not only the PTH-induced pit formation, but also cysteine proteinase activity in osteoclasts. Therefore, the procathepsin L excreted might be transferred from endothelial reticulum via Golgi and/or via lysosomes. © 1994.

DOI： 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80522-9

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Molecular cloning of a possible cysteine proteinase predominantly expressed in osteoclasts Reviewed

Ken-Ichi Tezuka, Yoko Tezuka, Akiko Maejima, Takuya Sato, Ken Nemoto, Hiroshi Kamioka, Yoshiyuki Hakeda, Masayoshi Kumegawa

Journal of Biological Chemistry   269 ( 2 )   1106 - 1109   1994.1

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Osteoclasts are multinucleate giant cells playing key roles in bone resorption. These cells solubilize mineralized bone matrix by means of acid and protease action
however, the precise mechanism of this process is not well known. Recently, we succeeded in the isolation of pure osteoclasts from rabbit bones and constructed a cDNA library. Using a differential screening procedure, two genes expressed predominantly in osteoclasts compared with spleen cells were isolated (Tezuka, K., Sato, T., Kamioka, H., Nijweide, P. J., Tanaka, K., Matsuo, T., Ohta, M., Kurihara, N., Hakeda, Y., and Kumegawa, M. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 186, 911-917). One of them, OC-2, was found to encode a possible cysteine proteinase structurally related to cathepsins L and S. By in situ hybridization, OC-2 was confirmed to be expressed in osteoclasts in vivo. By Northern blot analysis, OC-2 was highly and preferentially expressed in osteoclasts compared with other tissues such as kidney, liver, spleen, and lung. The predominant expression of OC-2 in osteoclasts may suggest that OC-2 encodes a protein, possibly a cysteine proteinase, that plays an important role in osteoclastic bone resorption.

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A simple method of isolation of rabbit osteoclasts Reviewed

Sato T, Kamioka H, Nemoto K, Tezuka K, Tanaka K, Sugimoto T, Kaji H, Miyauchi A, Yoshizawa K, Yamaguchi Y, Hakeda Y, Kumegawa M

Dentistry in Japan   31   3 - 8   1994.1

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Participation of cathepsin L on bone resorption Reviewed

Hisao Kakegawa, Takeshi Nikawa, Kahori Tagami, Hiroshi Kamioka, Koji Sumitani, Terushige Kawata, Marinka Drobnič-Kosorok, Brigita Lenarčič, Vito Turk, Nobuhiko Katunuma

FEBS Letters   321 ( 2-3 )   247 - 250   1993.4

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The proteinase responsible for bone collagen degradation in osteo-resorption was examined. The bone pit formation induced by parathyroid hormone (PTH) was markedly suppressed by leupeptin, E-64 and cystatin A, while no inhibition was observed by CA-074, a specific inhibitor of cathepsin B. Pig leucocyte cysteine proteinase inhibitor (PLCPI), a specific inhibitor of cathepsin L, and chymostatin, a selective inhibitor of cathepsin L, completely inhibited the pit formation. Cathepsin L activity in osteoclasts was much higher than the other cathepsin activities. Serum calcium in rats placed on a low calcium diet was decreased by treatment of E-64 or cystatin A, but not by CA-074. These findings suggest that cathepsin L is the main proteinase responsible for bone collagen degradation. © 1993.

DOI： 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80118-E

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Identification of osteopontin in isolated rabbit osteoclasts Reviewed

Ken-ichi Tezuka, Takuya Sato, Hiroshi Kamioka, Peter J. Nijweide, Kayo Tanaka, Tetsu Matsuo, Mitsue Ohta, Noriyoshi Kurihara, Yoshiyuki Hakeda, Masayoshi Kumegawa

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications   186 ( 2 )   911 - 917   1992.7

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Bone remodeling is a complex process coupling bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells, are known to produce various bone matrix proteins and cytokines
however, little is known about protein factors produced by osteoclasts or bone-resorbing cells. A method utilizing the high affinity of osteoclasts for tissue culture dishes was developed to isolate a large number of pure osteoclasts from rabbit long bones. A cDNA library was then constructed from these isolated osteoclasts, and differential cDNA screening was performed between osteoclasts and spleen cells. Two clones representing osteoclast-specific clones, named OC-1 and OC-2, were isolated. By Northern blot analysis, OC-1 was expressed in osteoclasts and in kidneys, whereas OC-2 was specific for osteoclasts. OC-1 was found to encode osteopontin from its nucleotide sequence, and therefore, osteopontin may have other functions for osteoclastic bone resorption besides osteoclast attachment to bone. © 1992.

DOI： 10.1016/0006-291X(92)90832-6

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1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor exist of osteoclast precursors

Kusuda M, Ishizuka S, Sumitani K, Hiura K, Kamioka H, Ishikawa K, Nii Y, Tagami K, Hakeda Y, Kumegawa M

Dentitry in Japan   28   185 - 189   1991

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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