Faculty Profiles - EKUNI Daisuke

MISC - EKUNI Daisuke

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歯周疾患と糖尿病等との関係に着目した歯科保健指導方法の開発等に関する研究

森田学, 和田淳, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 安藤雄一, 荻野景規

厚生労働科学研究費補助金循環器疾患・糖尿病等生活習慣病対策総合研事業平成26年度総括・分担研究報告書 2015

大学生における早食いと肥満の関係

山根真由, 江國大輔, 森田学

厚生の指標 62 ( 7 ) 7 - 11 2015

Preventive Effects of a Troche Agent Containing Cetylpyridinium Chloride on Halitosis

6 ( 1 ) 15 - 20 2015

Effectiveness of Screening for Lifestyle-related Diseases in the Maintenance Phase of Periodontal Treatment

MACHIDA Tatsuya, TOMOFUJI Takaaki, EKUNI Daisuke, AZUMA Tetsuji, TAKEUCHI Noriko, MARUYAMA Takayuki, KAWABATA Yuya, MORITA Manabu

65 ( 4 ) 354 - 361 2015

Language：Japanese Publisher：The Japanese Society for Dental Health

To prevent lifestyle-related diseases, it is recommended that people undergo more regular screening for them, receive relevant information, and be given appropriate medical referrals. We consider that these activities performed in the field of clinical dentistry would provide benefits from the perspective of public health. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of subclinical lifestyle-related diseases using a simple blood test for patients in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment. The possible contribution of such an activity is discussed. A total of 63 patients (22 men, 41 women, mean age: 65.9 ± 6.7 years old) in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment were monitored at the Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital from January to July 2014. All subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained from the fingertip to judge the presence of subclinical liver disease, hyperlipidemia (dyslipidemia), renal disease, gout, pre-diabetes, and diabetes. Some patients reported an extensive medical history, including liver disease (3 patients), hyperlipidemia (14 patients), renal disease (2 patients), gout (1 patient), and diabetes (3 patients), and they were excluded from analysis related to each lifestyle disease. As a result, the prevalence of subclinical liver disease, hyperlipidemia, renal disease, gout, pre-diabetes, and diabetes were 16.7, 34.7, 16.4, 1.6, 46.7, and 6.7%, respectively. Thus, the field of clinical dentistry could contribute to the prevention of lifestylerelated diseases through screening examination and subsequent processes, including suggestions to visit appropriate medical institutions.

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.65.4_354

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2015395384

Drinking Hydrogen-Rich Water Has Additive Effects on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment of Improving Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. International journal

Tetsuji Azuma, Mayu Yamane, Daisuke Ekuni, Yuya Kawabata, Kota Kataoka, Kenta Kasuyama, Takayuki Maruyama, Takaaki Tomofuji, Manabu Morita

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 4 ( 3 ) 513 - 22 2015

Language：English

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. A reduction of oxidative stress by drinking hydrogen-rich water (HW) might be beneficial to periodontal health. In this pilot study, we compared the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment with or without drinking HW on periodontitis. Thirteen patients (3 women, 10 men) with periodontitis were divided into two groups: The control group (n = 6) or the HW group (n = 7). In the HW group, participants consumed HW 4-5 times/day for eight weeks. At two to four weeks, all participants received non-surgical periodontal treatment. Oral examinations were performed at baseline, two, four and eight weeks, and serum was obtained at these time points to evaluate oxidative stress. At baseline, there were no significant differences in periodontal status between the control and HW groups. The HW group showed greater improvements in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level than the control group at two, four and eight weeks (p < 0.05). The HW group also exhibited an increased serum level of total antioxidant capacity at four weeks, compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Drinking HW enhanced the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment, thus improving periodontitis.

DOI： 10.3390/antiox4030513

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口腔内アセトアルデヒド濃度と舌苔スコアとの関係

横井彩, 江國大輔, 森田学

日本歯科評論 75 ( 7 ) 139 - 141 2015

Serum Oxidative/anti-oxidative Stress Balance Is Dysregulated in Potentially Pulmonary Hypertensive Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Control Study

Masako Terao, Akinobu Takaki, Takayuki Maruyama, Hiroki Oe, Tetsuya Yasunaka, Naofumi Tamaki, Kazufumi Nakamura, Takaaki Tomofuji, Takahito Yagi, Hiroshi Sadamori, Yuzo Umeda, Susumu Shinoura, Ryuichi Yoshida, Kazuhiro Nouso, Daisuke Ekuni, Kazuko Koike, Fusao Ikeda, Hidenori Shiraha, Manabu Morita, Hiroshi Ito, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Kazuhide Yamamoto

INTERNAL MEDICINE 54 ( 22 ) 2815 - 2826 2015

Language：English Publisher：JAPAN SOC INTERNAL MEDICINE

Objective Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by vascular dilatation and hyperdynamic circulation, while portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is characterized by vasoconstriction with fibrous obliteration of the vascular bed. Vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) are candidate factors for cirrhotic complications associated with these diseases. However, oxidative stress balance is not well characterized in HPS and POPH. The present objective is to investigate the oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress balance and NO pathway balance in patients with potential HPS and POPH.
Methods We recruited patients with decompensated cirrhosis (n = 69) admitted to our hospital as liver transplantation candidates. Patients exhibiting partial pressure of oxygen lower than 80 mmHg and alveolararterial oxygen gradient (AaDO(2)) >= 15 mmHg were categorized as potentially having HPS (23 of 69 patients). Patients exhibiting a tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient >= 25 mmHg were categorized as potentially having POPH (29 of 61 patients). Serum reactive oxygen metabolites were measured and anti-oxidative OXY-adsorbent test (OXY) were performed, and the balance of these tests was defined as the oxidative index. The correlation between these values and the clinical characteristics of the patients were assessed in a cross-sectional study.
Results Potential HPS patients exhibited no correlation with oxidative stress markers. Potential POPH patients exhibited lower OXY (p = 0.037) and higher oxidative index values (p = 0.001). Additionally, the vascular NO synthase enzyme inhibiting protein, asymmetric dimethylarginine, was higher in potential POPH patients (p = 0.049). The potential POPH patients exhibited elevated AaDO(2), suggesting the presence of pulmonary shunting.
Conclusion Potential POPH patients exhibited elevated oxidative stress with decreased anti-oxidative function accompanied by inhibited NO production. Anti-oxidants represent a candidate treatment for potential POPH patients.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.4889

歯周組織の加齢変化に対する口腔常在菌の影響

入江浩一郎, 入江浩一郎, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 小林周一郎, 菊池毅, 内田瑶子, 福原大樹, 三谷章雄, 嶋崎義浩, 森田学

日本歯周病学会会誌(Web) 57 2015

Application of Coenzyme Q10 for Accelerating Soft Tissue Wound Healing after Tooth Extraction in Rats International journal

Toshiki Yoneda, Takaaki Tomofuji, Yuya Kawabata, Daisuke Ekuni, Tetsuji Azuma, Kota Kataoka, Muneyoshi Kunitomo, Manabu Morita

NUTRIENTS 6 ( 12 ) 5756 - 5769 2014.12

Language：English Publisher：MDPI AG

Accelerating wound healing after tooth extraction is beneficial in dental treatment. Application of antioxidants, such as reduced coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10), may promote wound healing after tooth extraction. In this study, we examined the effects of topical application of rCoQ10 on wound healing after tooth extraction in rats. After maxillary first molars were extracted, male Fischer 344 rats (8 weeks old) (n = 27) received topical application of ointment containing 5% rCoQ10 (experimental group) or control ointment (control group) to the sockets for 3 or 8 days (n = 6-7/group). At 3 days after extraction, the experimental group showed higher collagen density and lower numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the upper part of socket, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Gene expression of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nuclear factor-kappa B were also lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). At 8 days after tooth extraction, there were no significant differences in collagen density, number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bone fill between the groups. Our results suggest that topical application of rCoQ10 promotes wound healing in the soft tissue of the alveolar socket, but that rCoQ10 has a limited effect on bone remodeling in rats.

DOI： 10.3390/nu6125756

近年における永久歯の萠出年齢の推移

竹内倫子, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 山中玲子, 古田美智子, 山本龍生, 恒石美登里, 森田学

日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集 73回 419 - 419 2014.10

Relationships Between Eating Quickly and Weight Gain in Japanese University Students: A Longitudinal Study International journal

Mayu Yamane, Daisuke Ekuni, Shinsuke Mizutani, Kota Kataoka, Masami Sakumoto-Kataoka, Yuya Kawabata, Chie Omori, Tetsuji Azuma, Takaaki Tomofuji, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Manabu Morita

OBESITY 22 ( 10 ) 2262 - 2266 2014.10

Language：English Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

ObjectiveMany cross-sectional studies have reported a relationship between overweight/obesity and eating quickly, but there have been few longitudinal studies to address this relationship in younger populations. The purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to investigate whether eating quickly was related to being overweight in Japanese university students.
MethodsOf 1,396 students who underwent a general examination and completed questionnaires at the start of university and before graduation, 1,314 students (676 male and 638 female) of normal body composition [body mass index (BMI)<25 kg m(-2)] at baseline were included in the analysis. The questionnaires included speed of eating and other lifestyle factors. After a 3-year follow-up, the students whose BMIs were25 kg m(-2) were defined as overweight.
ResultsIn this study, 38 participants (2.9%) became overweight. In the logistic regression analysis, the risk of being overweight was increased in males [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-5.79; P<0.01] and in those who ate quickly at baseline (OR: 4.40; 95% CI: 2.22-8.75; P<0.001).
ConclusionsEating quickly may predict risk of being overweight in Japanese university students.

DOI： 10.1002/oby.20842

Severe Periodontitis Is Inversely Associated with Coffee Consumption in the Maintenance Phase of Periodontal Treatment International journal

Tatsuya Machida, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Tetsuji Azuma, Noriko Takeuchi, Takayuki Maruyama, Shinsuke Mizutani, Kota Kataoka, Yuya Kawabata, Manabu Morita

NUTRIENTS 6 ( 10 ) 4476 - 4490 2014.10

Language：English Publisher：MDPI AG

This cross-sectional study addressed the relationship between coffee consumption and periodontitis in patients during the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment. A total of 414 periodontitis patients in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment completed a questionnaire including items related to coffee intake and underwent periodontal examination. Logistic regression analysis showed that presence of moderate/severe periodontitis was correlated with presence of hypertension (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.99, p < 0.05), smoking (former, OR = 5.63, p < 0.01; current, OR = 6.81, p = 0.076), number of teeth present (OR = 0.89, p < 0.001), plaque control record >= 20% (OR = 1.88, p < 0.05), and duration of maintenance phase (OR = 1.07, p < 0.01). On the other hand, presence of severe periodontitis was correlated with smoking (former, OR = 1.35, p = 0.501; current, OR = 3.98, p < 0.05), coffee consumption (>= 1 cup/day, OR = 0.55, p < 0.05), number of teeth present (OR = 0.95, p < 0.05), and bleeding on probing >= 20% (OR = 3.67, p < 0.001). There appears to be an inverse association between coffee consumption (>= 1 cup/day) and prevalence of severe periodontitis in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment.

DOI： 10.3390/nu6104476

若年者の早食いは肥満のリスクになる

山根真由, 江國大輔, 友藤孝明, 森田学

日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集 73回 209 - 209 2014.10

Occlusal disharmony accelerates the initiation of atherosclerosis in apoE knockout rats International journal

Daisuke Ekuni, Toshiki Yoneda, Yasumasa Endo, Kenta Kasuyama, Koichiro Irie, Shinsuke Mizutani, Tetsuji Azuma, Takaaki Tomofuji, Manabu Morita

LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 13 ( 1 ) 144 - 144 2014.9

Language：English Publisher：BIOMED CENTRAL LTD

Background: Psychosocial stress is one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis. As occlusal disharmony induces psychological stress, we hypothesized that psychological stress by occlusal disharmony accelerates atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of occlusal disharmony on the initiation of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (apoE) knockout rats.
Methods: Fourteen male apoE-knockout rats (age; 8 weeks) (Sprague-Dawley strain background) were divided into two groups of seven rats: the occlusal disharmony group and the no treatment (control) group. In the occlusal disharmony group, the maxillary molar cusps were cut off for the 8-week experimental period.
Results: In the occlusal disharmony group, the percentages of the area of total aortic lumen occupied by plaques and lipid were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05, t-test). The occlusal disharmony group also showed significantly higher serum levels of very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), plasma levels of corticosterone (1.9, 1.3 and 1.3 times, respectively), higher aortic protein expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) (1.5 and 1.4 times, respectively), and higher aortic gene expression of levels of VCAM1 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (1.9 and 4.3 times, respectively), as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in serum levels of oxidized LDL, reactive oxygen metabolites and C-reactive protein between the two groups.
Conclusion: In apoE knockout rats, occlusal disharmony may induce VCAM1, ICAM1 and TLR4 expression and accelerate the initiation of atherosclerosis.

DOI： 10.1186/1476-511X-13-144

分子イメージングの可能性歯学分野での応用と今後の展望

江國大輔

Journal of Oral Biosciences Supplement 2014 104 - 104 2014.9

Relationship between increases in BMI and changes in periodontal status: a prospective cohort study International journal

Daisuke Ekuni, Shinsuke Mizutani, Azusa Kojima, Takaaki Tomofuji, Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Toshiki Yoneda, Michiko Furuta, Nobuoki Eshima, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Manabu Morita

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY 41 ( 8 ) 772 - 778 2014.8

Language：English Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

Aim: The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) and oral health behaviour are related to changes in periodontal status in Japanese university students.
Materials and Methods: Students (n = 224) who were interested in receiving oral health examinations before entering university and before graduation were included in the analysis. Subjects were investigated regarding the correlations of oral health behaviours and increases in BMI with the percentage of bleeding on probing (% BOP) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores as indicators of changes in periodontal status.
Results: The risk of increased % BOP was associated with the non-use of dental floss (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-7.37; p < 0.05), whereas the risk of increased CPI score was associated with increases in BMI (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.05-3.65; p < 0.05) and simplified oral hygiene index score (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.23-4.22; p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Increases in BMI were associated with worsening of periodontal status, defined as increased CPI score in Japanese university students, whereas lack of inter-dental cleaning was associated with exacerbated gingival bleeding.

DOI： 10.1111/jcpe.12273

Effects of hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in rats International journal

Takaaki Tomofuji, Yuya Kawabata, Kenta Kasuyama, Yasumasa Endo, Toshiki Yoneda, Mayu Yamane, Tetsuji Azuma, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 4 5534 - 5534 2014.7

Language：English Publisher：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

Oxidative damage is involved in age-related inflammatory reactions. The anti-oxidative effects of hydrogen-rich water suppress oxidative damage, which may aid in inhibiting age-related inflammatory reactions. We investigated the effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in healthy rats. Four-month-old male Fischer 344 rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups: the experimental group (hydrogen-rich water treatment) and the control group (distilled water treatment). The rats consumed hydrogen-rich water or distilled water until 16 months of age. The experimental group exhibited lower periodontal oxidative damage at 16 months of age than the control group. Although protein expression of interleukin-1 beta did not differ, gene expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasomes was activated in periodontal tissues from the experimental group as compared with the control group. Drinking hydrogen-rich water is proposed to have anti-aging effects on periodontal oxidative damage, but not on inflammatory reactions in healthy rats.

DOI： 10.1038/srep05534

若年者における急性上気道炎の発症頻度と智歯萠出状態との関連

町田達哉, 水谷慎介, 片岡広太, 山根真由, 丸山貴之, 東哲司, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 64 ( 4 ) 328 - 335 2014.7

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会

口腔状態と気道感染の関連性の議論が近年盛んである。口腔は上気道と接しており、半萠出智歯の存在は、隣在歯との間に清掃困難な空間を形成し、智歯周囲の細菌量を増加させ、上気道を含む周囲組織に影響を与えうる。そこで、対象者を智歯萠出時期である18-20歳の大学生とし、急性上気道炎の発症頻度と智歯萠出状態の関連を検討することとした。2013年岡山大学新入生健康診断の際に歯科健診を任意受診した18-67歳(平均年齢18.5±2.1歳)の2,205名中、非喫煙者でデータ欠損のない18-20歳の1,964名(男性1,130名、女性834名)を分析対象とした。口腔診査を行い口腔清掃度、地域歯周疾患指数、および智歯萠出状態を調べた。自己記入式質問調査により過去1年間の急性上気道炎の発症頻度を尋ね、年間3回以上発症した群と3回未満発症した群の2群に分けた。χ2検定で2群比較を行い、有意な関連を智歯萠出状態と過去1年間の一番奥の歯ぐきの痛みの既往で認めた(P<0.05)。口腔清掃度にも一定の関連性を認めた(P=0.054)。性別、口腔清掃度、智歯萠出状態、過去1年間の一番奥の歯ぐきの痛みの既往を説明変数としたロジスティック回帰分析を行ったところ、萠出智歯なしの者に対し、半萠出智歯を有する者は急性上気道炎を過去1年間に3回以上発症していた者の割合が有意に高かった(P=0.003)。大学生において智歯萠出状態と急性上気道炎の発症頻度に関連性があることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2014337245

某事業所の歯科健診受診者における歯周病の知識がない者の特徴

山本龍生, 渕田慎也, 平田幸夫, 江國大輔, 森田学, 恒石美登里, 鈴木洋美, 島村広海, 安信忠義, 公衆歯科衛生研究会

産業衛生学雑誌 56 ( 臨増 ) 428 - 428 2014.5

歯周状態と全身性の酸化ストレスとの縦断的な関連

森田学, 町田達哉, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 山根真由, 米田俊樹, 川端勇也, 片岡広太

産業衛生学雑誌 56 ( 臨増 ) 429 - 429 2014.5

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