Faculty Profiles - EKUNI Daisuke

MISC - EKUNI Daisuke

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入江浩一郎, 江國大輔, 友藤孝明, 遠藤康正, 粕山健太, 八重垣健, 森田学

日本歯周病学会会誌 53 ( 秋季特別 ) 112 - 112 2011.9

Effects of exercise training on gingival oxidative stress in obese rats International journal

Tetsuji Azuma, Takaaki Tomofuji, Yasumasa Endo, Naofumi Tamaki, Daisuke Ekuni, Koichiro Irie, Kenta Kasuyama, Tomo Kato, Manabu Morita

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 56 ( 8 ) 768 - 774 2011.8

Language：English Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and gingival oxidative stress in obese rats fed a high-fat diet.
Design: Rats were divided into three groups (n = 14/group): one control group (fed a regular diet) and two experimental groups (fed a high-fat diet with and without exercise training [treadmill: 5 days/week]). The rats were sacrificed at 4 or 8 weeks. The level of serum reactive oxidative metabolites (ROM) was measured as an indicator of circulating ROS. The level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and reduced-form glutathione (GSH)/oxidised-form glutathione (GSSG) ratio were determined to evaluate gingival oxidative stress.
Results: The obese rats fed a high-fat diet without exercise training showed higher serum ROM levels [Carratelli Units (CARR U)] (mean +/- SD; 413 +/- 64) than the control (333 +/- 12) at 4 weeks (p = 0.023). Such a condition resulted in higher 8-OHdG levels (ng/mg mtDNA) (0.97 +/- 0.18) (p < 0.05) and a lower GSH/GSSG ratio (17.0 +/- 3.1) (p < 0.05) in gingival tissues, compared to the control (0.55 +/- 0.13 for 8-OHdG and 23.6 +/- 5.8 for GSH/GSSG ratio) at 8 weeks. In addition, the obese rats fed a high-fat diet with exercise training showed lower serum ROM (623 +/- 103) (p<0.001) and gingival 8-OHdG levels (0.69 +/- 0.17) (p = 0.012) than those without exercise training (1105 95 for ROM and 0.55 +/- 0.13 for 8-OHdG) at 8 weeks.
Conclusions: Obesity prevention by exercise training may effectively suppress gingival oxidative stress by decreasing serum ROS in rats. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.01.008

早食いの主観的評価と客観的評価の関連性

江國大輔, 古田美智子, 友藤孝明, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 61 ( 4 ) 500 - 500 2011.8

歯周炎の状態と肝癌のステージとの関連についての研究

玉木直文, 友藤孝明, 遠藤康正, 粕山健太, 江國大輔, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 61 ( 4 ) 453 - 453 2011.8

小学生における視力と口唇閉鎖力の関係(Relationship between Visual Acuity and Labial Closure Force in Japanese Elementary School Children)

山中玲子, アクター・ラヘナ, 古田美智子, 江國大輔, 江崎光恵, 山本龍生, 岡崎好秀, 丸山貴之, 横井彩, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 61 ( 3 ) 288 - 294 2011.7

Language：English Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会

口唇閉鎖力は、主に口輪筋の機能を反映している。口輪筋は発音や咀嚼などさまざまな口腔機能に関連している。口唇閉鎖力は咀嚼能力や不正咬合に関連がある。一方、裸眼視力1.0未満(<20/20)の小学生は、日本においてこの20年間増え続けている。小学生の視力低下を予防することは、重要な課題である。視力は眼輪筋の強さに関連する可能性がある。眼輪筋は口輪筋とともに顔面筋の一つであり、両者ともに顔面神経の支配を受けており、頬筋などを介して機械的にもつながっており、協調して運動する。口輪筋の強さは、眼輪筋の強さを反映していると推測される。本研究では、口唇閉鎖力が視力に関連しているという仮説を立て、小学生の視力と口唇閉鎖力の関連性を横断的に検討することを目的とした。対象は岡山市内の7歳から12歳までの小学生396名(男子197名、女子199名)とした。口腔内状態と視力は、定期健康診断の結果を用いた。口唇閉鎖力は、LIP DE CUM/LDC-110(コスモ計器、東京)を用いて測定した。典型的な不正咬合を有する16名を除外し、高視力群(≧20/20)264名と低視力群(<20/20)116名に分けた。統計分析には、Mann-Whitney U検定、χ2検定、ロジスティック回帰分析を用いた。高視力群では、口唇閉鎖力(p=0.024)と男子の割合(p=0.045)が有意に高く、年齢(p=0.001)とヘルマンの歯齢(p=0.002)が有意に低かった。性別、年齢、ヘルマンの歯齢で調整しても、低視力群では口唇閉鎖力が有意に低かった(OR 1.65、95% CI 1.04-2.64、p=0.004)。小学生において、視力と口唇閉鎖力には関連があることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.61.3_288

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2011&ichushi_jid=J00440&link_issn=&doc_id=20110818310004&doc_link_id=10.5834%2Fjdh.61.3_288&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5834%2Fjdh.61.3_288&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_3.gif

Sex Differences in Gingivitis Relate to Interaction of Oral Health Behaviors in Young People International journal

Michiko Furuta, Daisuke Ekuni, Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Takaaki Tomofuji, Toshio Ogura, Manabu Morita

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 82 ( 4 ) 558 - 565 2011.4

Language：English Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

Background: Although many epidemiologic surveys have shown that gingivitis is more prevalent in males than in females, few studies have clearly explained what causes this difference. The objective of the present study is to explain the sex difference in gingivitis based on the interaction between oral health behaviors and related factors, such as knowledge, attitude, and lifestyle, in young people.
Methods: The study was comprised of 838 subjects (440 males and 398 females), aged 18 and 19 years. Gingivitis was assessed by the percentage of bleeding on probing (%BOP). Additional information was collected regarding oral hygiene status, oral health behaviors, and related factors. Structural equation modeling was used to test pathways from these factors to %BOP. Multiple-group modeling was also conducted to test for sex differences.
Results: Females had greater knowledge, a more positive attitude, a healthier lifestyle, and higher level of oral health behaviors than males. There were significant differences in the paths (i.e., from lifestyle, knowledge, and attitude to %BOP) through oral health behaviors and oral health status.
Conclusions: Sex-based differences in gingivitis in young people can be explained by oral health behaviors and hygiene status, which are influenced by lifestyle, knowledge, and attitude. To prevent gingivitis, different approaches to males and females may be useful. J Periodontol 2011;82:558-565.

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2010.100444

Occlusal disharmony induces BDNF level in rat submandibular gland International journal

Koichiro Irie, Daisuke Ekuni, Takaaki Tomofuji, Tetsuji Azuma, Yasumasa Endo, Kenta Kasuyama, Manabu Morita

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 56 ( 1 ) 35 - 40 2011.1

Language：English Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objectives: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is produced in rat submandibular gland, is one of the most abundant neurotrophins in the central nervous system. It is generally accepted that occlusal disharmony causes stress. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether occlusal disharmony-induced chronic stress affects BDNF levels and morphology in rat submandibular gland.
Design: Eight wks old male Wistar rats (n = 21) were randomly divided into three groups of 7 rats. In a control (C) group, the rats received no treatment for 8 wks. In a molar cusp-less (OD) group, maxillary molar cusps were cut off with a dental turbine at baseline and kept for 8 wks. In a molar cusp-less + recovered cusp (OR) group, maxillary molar cusps were cut off and then were recovered after 4 wks using resin material. After the experimental period, expression of BDNF mRNA and protein as well as histological findings were evaluated in the submandibular glands. The comparisons between the groups were made using the Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction.
Results: The OD group showed a significant increase in submandibular gland BDNF mRNA and protein expression after 8 wks, and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels increased in a time-dependent manner. There were no significant differences in BDNF expression in the submandibular glands and in levels of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone between the OR and C groups.
Conclusions: These results indicate that psychological stress induced by occlusal disharmony reversibly induces BDNF expression in the rat submandibular gland. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.09.001

Relationship Between Decrease of Erythrocyte Count and Progression of Periodontal Disease in a Rural Japanese Population International journal

Tatsuo Yamamoto, Midori Tsuneishi, Michiko Furuta, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita, Yukio Hirata

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 82 ( 1 ) 106 - 113 2011.1

Language：English Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

Background: Limited research has been reported on the relationship between periodontal status and erythrocyte parameters. In the present study, longitudinal data from health checkups are used to clarify the relationship between periodontal disease progression and changes in parameters of erythrocytes.
Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 120 subjects (35 men and 85 women; age range: 30 to 63 years) participated in a comprehensive health screening and dental checkup in 2006 and 2007. Medical examinations, including anthropometric and manometric measurements, blood-chemistry tests, and oral examinations, were performed. Subjects with periodontal disease progression (i.e., the progression group) were defined based on the presence of >= 1 tooth demonstrating a longitudinal loss of periodontal attachment >= 3 mm or tooth loss during the study period. The Wilcoxon signed-rank, chi(2), Fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests and stepwise logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.
Results: The progression group comprised 30 subjects. A significant difference between the progression and non-progression groups was observed in changes of erythrocyte counts but not those of the body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, creatinine, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the progression of periodontal disease was associated with a change (year 2007 minus year 2006) of erythrocyte counts (adjusted odds ratio = 0.970; P = 0.009) after adjusting for age at baseline.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the progression of periodontal disease is associated with a decrease in erythrocyte counts in a rural Japanese population. J Periodontol 2011;82:106-113.

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2010.100211

Supplementation of green tea catechins in dentifrices suppresses gingival oxidative stress and periodontal inflammation

Takayuki Maruyama, Takaaki Tomofuji, Yasumasa Endo, Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Daisuke Ekuni, Naofumi Tamaki, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Manabu Morita

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 56 ( 1 ) 48 - 53 2011.1

Language：English Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objective: This study examined the effects of a dentifrice containing green tea catechins on gingival oxidative stress and periodontal inflammation using a rat model.
Design: Twenty-four male Wister rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group (Control group) received no treatment for 8 weeks. Periodontal inflammation was induced in the second group for 8 weeks. Periodontal inflammation was induced in the last two groups for 8 weeks and dentifrices with or without green tea catechins were topically applied to the gingival sulcus daily for 4 weeks prior to the end of the experimental period. Results: Rats that had experimental periodontal inflammation showed apical migration of the junctional epithelium, alveolar bone loss and inflammatory cell infiltration in the connective tissue subjacent to the junctional epithelium at 8 weeks, whilst the control group showed no pathologic changes. Topical application of a green tea catechin-containing dentifrice reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the periodontal lesions to a greater degree than the control dentifrice at 8 weeks. The gingiva in which green tea catechin-containing dentifrice was applied also showed a lower level of expression of hexanoyl-lysine (a marker of lipid peroxidation), nitrotyrosine (a marker of oxidative protein damage), and tumour necrosis factor-a (an indicator of pro-inflammatory cytokines) at 8 weeks compared to gingiva in which the control dentifrice was applied.
Conclusions: Adding green tea catechins to a dentifrice may contribute to prevention of periodontal inflammation by decreasing gingival oxidative stress and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.08.015

新入生歯科健診からみえてきたこと

江國大輔, 古田美智子, 入江浩一郎, 東哲司, 児島梓, 水谷慎介, 山中玲子, 友藤孝明, 森田学, 山本龍生, 古賀光, 岩崎良章, 清水幸登, 大西勝, 小倉俊郎

第41回中国・四国大学保健管理研究集会報告書 2011

Relationship between Malocclusion and Heart Rate Variability Indices in Young Adults A Pilot Study

D. Ekuni, N. Takeuchi, M. Furuta, T. Tomofuji, M. Morita

METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE 50 ( 4 ) 358 - 363 2011

Language：English Publisher：SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN

Objectives: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to assess sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of heart rate. Chronic stress relates to reduced HRV. Malocclusion has effects on quality of life, which can lead to chronic stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that malocclusion, as chronic stress, may contribute to reduced HRV. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between malocclusion and HRV indices in healthy young adults.
Methods: Thirty-seven non-smoking healthy subjects, aged 22 to 25 years, were examined. Malocclusion was defined by Angle classification. HRV indices included root mean square of successive differences, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and ratio of LF to HE The effects of malocclusion on quality of life and mental health were assessed using self-reported questionnaires, the condition-specific Oral Impacts on Daily Performances index (CS-OIDP) and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL), respectively.
Results: Significantly lower score of HF and higher heart rate (HR) level and CS-OIDR score were observed in subjects with malocclusion (n = 17) compared to those in the control subjects (n = 20) (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HR and score of "anxiety" in HSCL (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The data showed an association between malocclusion and lower HRV. Based on our results, orthodontic treatment might contribute not only to improvement of oral esthetic and functional problems but also to improvement of stress and HRV indices.

DOI： 10.3414/ME10-01-0045

Web of Science

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Relationship between Malocclusion and Heart Rate Variability Indices in Young Adults A Pilot Study

D. Ekuni, N. Takeuchi, M. Furuta, T. Tomofuji, M. Morita

METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE 50 ( 4 ) 358 - 363 2011

Language：English Publisher：SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN

DOI： 10.3414/ME10-01-0045

A new portable monitor for measuring odorous compounds in oral, exhaled and nasal air International journal

Naofumi Tamaki, Kenta Kasuyama, Mitsue Esaki, Takara Toshikawa, Shun-Ichi Honda, Daisuke Ekuni, Takaaki Tomofuji, Manabu Morita

BMC ORAL HEALTH 11 ( 1 ) 15 - 15 2011

Language：English Publisher：BIOMED CENTRAL LTD

Background: The B/B Checker(R), a new portable device for detecting odorous compounds in oral, exhaled, and nasal air, is now available. As a single unit, this device is capable of detecting several kinds of gases mixed with volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) in addition to other odorous gasses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the B/B Checker(R) for detecting the malodor level of oral, exhaled, and nasal air.
Methods: A total of 30 healthy, non-smoking volunteers (16 males and 14 females) participated in this study. The malodor levels in oral, exhaled, and nasal air were measured using the B/B Checker(R) and by organoleptic test (OT) scores. The VSCs in each air were also measured by gas chromatography (GC). Associations among B/B Checker(R) measurements, OT scores and VSC levels were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients. In order to determine the appropriate B/B Checker(R) level for screening subjects with malodor, sensitivity and specificity were calculated using OT scores as an identifier for diagnosing oral malodor.
Results: In oral and nasal air, the total VSC levels measured by GC significantly correlated to that measured by the B/B Checker(R). Significant correlation was observed between the results of OT scores and the B/B Checker(R) measurements in oral (r = 0.892, p < 0.001), exhaled (r = 0.748, p < 0.001) and nasal air (r = 0.534, p < 0.001). The correlation between the OT scores and VSC levels was significant only for oral air (r = 0.790, p < 0.001) and nasal air (r = 0.431, p = 0.002); not for exhaled air (r = 0.310, p = 0.096). When the screening level of the B/B Checker(R) was set to 50.0 for oral air, the sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 and 0.90, respectively. On the other hand, the screening level of the B/B Checker(R) was set to 60.0 for exhaled air, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 and 1.00, respectively.
Conclusion: The B/B Checker(R) is useful for objective evaluation of malodor in oral, exhaled and nasal air and for screening subjects with halitosis.

DOI： 10.1186/1472-6831-11-15

Antioxidants and prevention of periodontal disease.

Global Research Network 2011

Oral Malodorous Compound Induces Osteoclast Differentiation Without Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa B Ligand International journal

Hisataka Ii, Toshio Imai, Ken Yaegaki, Koichiro Irie, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 81 ( 11 ) 1691 - 1697 2010.11

Language：English Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), the main component of halitosis, is one of the etiologic factors for periodontitis. We recently reported that H(2)S may induce pathologic changes in rat alveolar bone. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of H(2)S on osteoclast differentiation.
Methods: Murine macrophage cells RAW264 were cultured in medium lacking nuclear factor kappa B ligand (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) in 5% CO(2) with air at 37 degrees C for 24 hours; then 0.05, 0.5, or 5 ng/ml H(2)S was added to the CO(2)-air mix for 4 days. The controls received the CO(2)-air mix with no H(2)S. Cell differentiation was evaluated by counting the tartrate-resistant acid-phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells. Extracellular signaling-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 phosphorylation were examined by Western blotting. The bone-resorption activity was determined with the resorption assay of calcium phosphate.
Results: There were significantly more TRAP-positive cells at a concentration of 0.05 ng/ml H(2)S than at the other concentrations (P <0.001). Cathepsin K protein, a specific marker for osteoclasts, was expressed in the H(2)S-induced multinuclear cells. Resorption of calcium phosphate significantly increased in the H(2)S-induced TRAP-positive cells cultured on plates coated with calcium phosphate apatite (P <0.01). The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 were accelerated by H(2)S, and increased with time. PD98059 and SB203580, specific inhibitors of ERK1/2 and p38, suppressed the activation of these enzymes and osteoclast differentiation by H(2)S.
Conclusion: Results demonstrate that H(2)S at physiologic concentrations in mouth air induces osteoclasts from RAW264 cells. J Periodontol 2010;81:1691-1697.

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2010.100116

Relationship between periodontal condition and arterial properties in an adult population in Japan

M. Furuta, T. Tomofuji, D. Ekuni, N. Tamaki, T. Yamamoto, T. Azuma, K. Irie, Y. Endo, S. Yamada, M. Morita

ORAL DISEASES 16 ( 8 ) 781 - 787 2010.11

Language：English Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

Objective:
This study addressed the relationship between periodontal condition and second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) in Japanese adults.
Subject and methods:
The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and SDPTG were recorded in 415 subjects (mean age: 44.0 years). For assessing SDPTG, we mainly focused on the ratio of the absolute value of the height of the early negative 'b' wave and ratio of the late re-decreasing 'd' wave to the height of the initial positive 'a' wave, namely the b/a and d/a ratios.
Results:
The CPI score was positively correlated with the b/a ratio (P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with the d/a ratio (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with CPI scores >= 3 were more likely to have a higher level (male >-0.69, female >-0.64) of b/a ratio (Odds ratio = 1.7, P = 0.026) and lower level (male <-0.29, female <-0.32) of d/a ratio (Odds ratio = 2.2, P = 0.001) than those with CPI scores 0-2, after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, pulse rate and presence of hypertension.
Conclusion:
There was a statistical association between the CPI scores and SDPTG indices in Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01688.x

山中玲子, 古田美智子, 江崎光恵, 江國大輔, 丸山貴之, 岡崎好秀, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 60 ( 5 ) 606 - 606 2010.10

Relationship between the prognosis of periodontitis and occlusal force during the maintenance phase - a cohort study

N. Takeuchi, D. Ekuni, T. Yamamoto, M. Morita

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH 45 ( 5 ) 612 - 617 2010.10

Language：English Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL

Background and Objective:
Few studies have longitudinally investigated the relationship between periodontal disease progression and occlusal factors in individual subjects during the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy. The aim of this cohort study was to investigate the relationship between biting ability and the progression of periodontal disease in the maintenance phase.
Material and Methods:
A total of 194 patients were monitored for 3 years during the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy. The subjects with disease progression (Progress group) were defined based on the presence of >= 2 teeth demonstrating a longitudinal loss of proximal attachment of >= 3 mm or tooth-loss experience as a result of periodontal disease during the study period. The subjects with high occlusal force were diagnosed as men who showed an occlusal force of more than 500 N and women who showed an occlusal force of more than 370 N. The association between biting ability and the progression of periodontitis was investigated using logistic regression analysis.
Results:
There were 83 subjects in the Progress group and 111 subjects in the Non-progress group. A backward, stepwise logistic regression model showed that the progression of periodontal disease was significantly associated with the presence of one or more teeth with a high clinical attachment level (CAL) of >= 7 mm (odds ratio: 2.397; 95% confidence interval: 1.306-4.399) ( p = 0.005) and low occlusal force (odds ratio: 2.352; 95% confidence interval: 1.273-4.346) ( p = 0.006).
Conclusion:
The presence of one or more teeth with a high CAL of >= 7 mm and low occlusal force might be possible risk factors for periodontal progression in the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01273.x

歯周状態と加速度脈波との関連性についての検討

遠藤康正, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 玉木直文, 山本龍生, 東哲司, 入江浩一郎, 森田学

日本歯周病学会会誌 52 ( 秋季特別 ) 97 - 97 2010.9

頭頸部がん患者における口腔内の状態と血清アルブミン値の関係

丸山貴之, 山中玲子, 横井彩, 古田美智子, 江國大輔, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 60 ( 4 ) 461 - 461 2010.8

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