Faculty Profiles - EKUNI Daisuke

MISC - EKUNI Daisuke

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肥満モデルラットにおける動脈のインスリン抵抗性に対する歯周炎の影響

江國大輔, 友藤孝明, 入江浩一郎, 粕山健太, 馬越通弘, 東哲司, 玉木直文, 山本龍生, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 ( 4 ) 383 - 383 2009.8

大学新入生における歯周疾患と口腔保健行動との関係および口腔保健行動の性差

古田美智子, 江國大輔, 入江浩一郎, 東哲司, 加藤朋, 山田小百合, 友藤孝明, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 ( 4 ) 477 - 477 2009.8

口臭原因物質の破骨細胞RAW264の分化におよぼす影響

伊井久貴, 今井敏夫, 八重垣健, 入江浩一郎, 江國大輔, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 ( 4 ) 393 - 393 2009.8

Effects of improvement in periodontal inflammation by toothbrushing on serum lipopolysaccharide concentration and liver injury in rats

Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Toshihiro Sanbe, Tetsuji Azuma, Naofumi Tamaki, Koichiro Irie, Takayuki Maruyama, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Tatsuo Watanabe, Mutsumi Miyauchi, Takashi Takata

ACTA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 67 ( 4 ) 200 - 205 2009.7

Language：English Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Objective. Periodontitis increases the serum lipopolysaccharide level, contributing to liver injury. Toothbrushing improves periodontitis and may also affect serum lipopolysaccharide concentration and periodontitis-induced liver injury. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the improvement in periodontal inflammation by toothbrushing clinically affects the serum lipopolysaccharide level and hepatic pathological changes in rat periodontitis. Material and methods. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, 2 groups receiving topical application of pyrogen-free water to the gingival sulcus for 4 or 8 weeks. The next 2 groups received topical application of lipopolysaccharide and proteases for 4 or 8 weeks. The last group received topical application of lipopolysaccharide and proteases for 8 weeks, and the palatal gingiva was brushed with a powered toothbrush once a day for 4 weeks prior to the end of the experimental period. Results. Topical application of lipopolysaccharide and proteases induced not only periodontal inflammation but also an elevation in the serum lipopolysaccharide concentration, with increasing hepatic inflammation, steatosis and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in a time-dependent mariner. The rats that received gingival stimulation showed decreased polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and collagen loss levels in the periodontal lesions. Furthermore, this group also showed a decrease in serum lipopolysaccharide concentration and hepatic inflammation, steatosis and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels, compared with the group receiving no treatment. Conclusions. Toothbrushing promoted healing of periodontal lesions, decreased serum lipopolysaccharide concentration and suppressed liver injury in a rat periodontitis model.

DOI： 10.1080/00016350902794818

アンケートによる歯周疾患スクリーニングの有効性

小山玲子, 玉木直文, 丸山貴之, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 山中玲子, 東哲司, 山本龍生, 森田学

岡山歯学会雑誌 28 ( 1 ) 88 - 88 2009.6

Short-Term Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Plasma Level of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis International journal

Naofumi Tamaki, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Reiko Yamanaka, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Manabu Morita

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY 80 ( 6 ) 901 - 906 2009.6

Language：English Publisher：AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY

Background: Elevated levels of blood reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with the severity of periodontitis. Therefore, improvement of periodontitis may result in a decrease in blood ROS. However, it is unclear how periodontal treatment affects blood ROS. Recently, reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) were recognized as a useful measure of blood ROS. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on plasma ROMs in patients with chronic periodontitis.
Methods: Nineteen subjects with chronic periodontitis (mean age: 46.8 years) were monitored at baseline (prior to scaling and root planing) and I and 2 months after therapy. Dental health parameters were evaluated, and plasma was obtained at these time points from patients and controls (19 subjects without periodontitis; mean age: 45.3 years), The plasma ROM level was determined using a spectrophotometric technique.
Results: At baseline, patients with chronic periodontitis had higher plasma ROM level (441.8 +/- 71.1 Carratelli units) than the control subjects (324.4 +/- 34.0 Carratelli units; P < 0.01). Probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing in patients with chronic periodontitis showed a significant improvement 2 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment, and this was accompanied by a significant reduction in plasma ROM level (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: In patients with chronic periodontitis, nonsurgical periodontal treatment was effective at improving clinical parameters and reducing plasma ROMs. The improvement in chronic periodontitis by non-surgical periodontal treatment might offer clinical benefits by decreasing blood ROS. J Periodontol 2009;80:907-906.

DOI： 10.1902/jop.2009.080640

高コレステロール食によるラットの血清過酸化脂質の増加と歯槽骨における破骨細胞の分化ビタミンC摂取の影響

三部俊博, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 東哲司, 入江浩一郎, 玉木直文, 山本龍生, 森田学

岡山歯学会雑誌 28 ( 1 ) 94 - 94 2009.6

模擬患者参加型の医療面接を組み合わせたテュートリアル教育の試み

吉田登志子, 玉村亮, 曽我賢彦, 江國大輔, 黒坂寛, 大前正範, 長谷川浩一, 松村誠士, 北山滋雄

岡山歯学会雑誌 28 ( 1 ) 83 - 84 2009.6

Vitamin C intake attenuates the degree of experimental atherosclerosis induced by periodontitis in the rat by decreasing oxidative stress

Daisuke Ekuni, Takaaki Tomofuji, Toshihiro Sanbe, Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Takayuki Maruyama, Naofumi Tamaki, Jun Murakami, Susumu Kokeguchi, Tatsuo Yamamoto

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 54 ( 5 ) 495 - 502 2009.5

Language：English Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objective: Periodontitis has been causally linked to cardiovascular disease, which is mediated through the oxidative stress induced by periodontitis. Since vitamin C has been suggested to limit oxidative damage, we hypothesized that vitamin C intake may reduce endothelial oxidative stress induced by periodontitis in the aorta. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C intake on the initiation of atherosclerosis in a ligature-induced rat periodontitis model.
Design: Eighteen 8-week-old-male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of six rats and all rats received daily fresh water and powdered food through out the 6-week study. In the vitamin C and periodontitis groups, periodontitis was ligature-induced for the first 4 weeks. In the vitamin C group, rats were given distilled water containing 1 g/L vitamin C for the 2 weeks after removing the ligature.
Results: In the periodontitis group, there was lipid deposition in the descending aorta and significant increases of serum level of hexanoyl-lysine (HEL), and aortic levels of nitrotyrosine expression, HEL expression and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) compared to the control group. Vitamin C intake significantly increased plasma vitamin C level and GSH:GSSG ratio (178% and 123%, respectively), and decreased level of serum HEL and aortic levels of nitrotyrosine, HEL and 8-OHdG (23%, 87%, 84%, and 38%, respectively).
Conclusions: These results suggest that vitamin C intake attenuates the degree of experimental atherosclerosis induced by periodontitis in the rat by decreasing oxidative stress. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.02.006

Periodontitis and increase in circulating oxidative stress

Takaaki Tomofuji, Koichiro Irie, Toshihiro Sanbe, Tetsuji Azuma, Daisuke Ekuni, Naofumi Tamaki, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Manabu Morita

Japanese Dental Science Review 45 ( 1 ) 46 - 51 2009.5

Language：English Publishing type：Book review, literature introduction, etc.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal cellular metabolism. However, excessive production of ROS oxidizes DNA, lipids and proteins, inducing tissue damage. Studies have shown that periodontitis induces excessive ROS production in periodontal tissue. When periodontitis develops, ROS produced in the periodontal lesion diffuse into the blood stream, resulting in the oxidation of blood molecules (circulating oxidative stress). Such oxidation may be detrimental to systemic health. For instance, previous animal studies suggested that experimental periodontitis induces oxidative damage of the liver and descending aorta by increasing circulating oxidative stress. In addition, it has been revealed that clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis patients showed a significant improvement 2 months after periodontal treatment, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of reactive oxygen metabolites in plasma. Improvement of periodontitis by periodontal treatment could reduce the occurrence of circulating oxidative stress. Furthermore, recent studies indicate that the increase in circulating oxidative stress following diabetes mellitus and inappropriate nutrition damages periodontal tissues. In such cases, therapeutic approaches to systemic oxidative stress might be necessary to improve periodontal health. © 2009 Japanese Association for Dental Science.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jdsr.2008.12.002

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Retrospective study of teeth with a poor prognosis following non-surgical periodontal treatment International journal

Daisuke Ekuni, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Noriko Takeuchi

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY 36 ( 4 ) 343 - 348 2009.4

Language：English Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Ekuni D, Yamamoto T, Takeuchi N. Retrospective study of teeth with a poor prognosis following non-surgical periodontal treatment. J Clin Periodontol 2009; 36: 343-348. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01373.x.
The aim of this retrospective study was to assess teeth with a poor prognosis and the proximal periodontium of adjacent teeth, and to identify the risk factors associated with the loss of teeth with a poor prognosis following non-surgical periodontal treatment.
Teeth with a poor prognosis (n=113), teeth adjacent to those of poor prognosis (n=105) and non-adjacent teeth (n=51) were evaluated in 25 non-smoking patients who had received supportive periodontal treatment for 5-16 years following non-surgical periodontal treatment at a university hospital.
Probing pocket depth (PPD), percentage of alveolar bone loss, presence of tooth mobility and bleeding on probing in all teeth improved significantly after treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that loss of teeth with a poor prognosis depended on the initial deepest PPD, tooth mobility and multi-rooted tooth.
Teeth with a poor prognosis did not affect the proximal periodontium of the adjacent teeth, and progression of periodontal disease in these teeth and adjacent teeth can be prevented by non-surgical periodontal treatment in non-smokers. The risk factors for loss of teeth with a poor prognosis were the initial deepest PPD, tooth mobility and multi-rooted tooth.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01373.x

ラット歯肉の酸化ストレスに対する肥満の影響

入江浩一郎, 友藤孝明, 三部俊博, 玉木直文, 江國大輔, 馬越道弘, 粕山健太, 東哲司, 村上純, 苔口進, 山本龍生, 森田学

日本抗加齢医学会総会プログラム・抄録集 9回 222 - 222 2009.4

ラット歯周炎における歯肉の酸化ストレスに対する高ココア食摂取の影響

友藤孝明, 三部俊博, 入江浩一郎, 江國大輔, 東哲司, 遠藤康正, 玉木直文, 山本龍生, 森田学

日本抗加齢医学会総会プログラム・抄録集 9回 220 - 220 2009.4

液体歯磨剤「クリーンデンタル薬用リンス」の抗炎症・抗菌成分のラット歯周炎モデルへの効果

山本龍生, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 東哲司, 三部俊博, 入江浩一郎, 粕山健太, 馬越道弘, 森田学

日本歯周病学会会誌 51 ( 春季特別 ) 135 - 135 2009.4

Vitamin C intake inhibits serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation on alveolar bone in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet International journal

Toshihiro Sanbe, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Tetsuji Azuma, Koichiro Irie, Naofumi Tamaki, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Manabu Morita

ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY 54 ( 3 ) 235 - 240 2009.3

Language：English Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Objective: A high-cholesterol diet stimulates osteoclast differentiation, which may be induced by increased serum lipid peroxidation. The inhibition of serum lipid peroxidation by vitamin C may offer beneficial effects on osteoclast differentiation including increased expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and NF-kappa B. This study investigated the effects of vitamin C intake on RANKL and NF-kappa B expression in periodontal tissue of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
Design: Twenty-four rats (8 weeks old) were divided into four groups: a control group (fed a regular diet) and three experimental groups (fed a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with 0,1 and 2 g/I vitamin C/day) in this 12-week study. Vitamin C was provided by its addition to drinking water. As an index of serum lipid peroxidation, hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) level was determined by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Immunohistological analysis was performed to evaluate RANKL and NF-kappa B expression on the alveolar bone surface. The number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts was also counted.
Results: Feeding a high-cholesterol diet increased not only the serum HEL level but also the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts on the alveolar bone surface, with an increase in RANKL and NF-kappa B expression on alveolar bone surface. intake of vitamin C reduced the serum HEL level and osteoclast differentiation, with decreasing RANKL and NF-kappa B expression.
Conclusions: Vitamin C intake could suppress osteoclast differentiation, including RANKL and NF-kappa B expression on the alveolar bone surface, by decreasing serum lipid peroxidation in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.11.001

Validity of a Questionnaire for Periodontitis Screening of Japanese Employees

Tatsuo Yamamoto, Reiko Koyama, Naofumi Tamaki, Takayuki Maruyama, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Reiko Yamanaka, Tetsuji Azuma, Manabu Morita

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 51 ( 2 ) 137 - 143 2009.3

Language：English Publisher：JAPAN SOC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Validity of a Questionnaire for Periodontitis Screening of Japanese Employees: Tatsuo YAMAMOTO, et al. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences-Objectives: Workplaces are suitable for screening for periodontal disease effectively. However, the majority of workplaces do not have a screening program. One possible reason may be that pocket probing, which is commonly used for the screening, needs qualified examiners and is time-consuming. In this study, the validity of a self-reported questionnaire was assessed for screening of periodontitis in 50- to 59-yr-old male employees in Japan. Methods: A total of 250 people were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire regarding signs and symptoms of periodontal disease, and experience of periodontal treatment, followed by a clinical examination by a dentist. Subjects with at least one tooth having a clinical attachment loss of 7 mm or more were defined as periodontitis patients. Results: Thirteen percent of the subjects were diagnosed as having periodontitis. Logistic regression selected 4 questions, "Are you a current or past smoker?", "Have your gums bled recently?", "Do you think that you can see more roots of teeth than in the past?", and "Have you ever been told that you need periodontal or gum treatment?" as potential predictors of periodontitis. When subjects with at least 3 "yes" responses to the 4 questions were separated from the others, the subjects with periodontitis were separated most effectively (showing the highest sensitivity + specificity: 1.524) from those without. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81. Conclusions: These results suggest that the self-reported questions are useful for screening of periodontitis in 50- to 59-yr-old Japanese workers.

DOI： 10.1539/joh.L8108

Effects of vitamin C intake on gingival oxidative stress in rat periodontitis

Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Toshihiro Sanbe, Koichiro Irie, Tetsuji Azuma, Takayuki Maruyama, Naofumi Tamaki, Jun Murakami, Susumu Kokeguchi, Tatsuo Yamamoto

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 46 ( 2 ) 163 - 168 2009.1

Language：English Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Increased levels of oxidative stress due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Studies Suggest a negative association between plasma vitamin C level and the severity of periodontitis. We hypothesized that increases in plasma vitamin C levels after vitamin C intake might clinically reduce gingival oxidative stress in a rat periodontitis model. A ligature was placed around rat mandibular molars for 4 weeks to induce periodontitis, and the rats were then given drinking water with or without 1 g/L vitamin C for 2 weeks after the ligature was removed. The periodontitis-induced rats showed a 149% increase in 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level and a 40% decrease in reduced:oxidized glutathione ratio in gingival tissue. Vitamin C intake induced a 175% increase in plasma vitamin C level, resulting in an improvement in the gingival 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level (decreased) and in the reduced:oxidized glutathione ratio (increased). Furthermore, in ligature-induced periodontitis lesions, gene expression encoding inflammation, including interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta, was more than twofold down-regulated by vitamin C intake. The results suggest that systemic administration of vitamin C could be clinically beneficial in improving periodontitis-induced oxidative stress by down-regulating inflammatory gene expression. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.09.040

大学生の口腔健康状態の調査および歯周健康状態と関連要因の検討.

古田美智子, 江國大輔, 入江浩一郎, 小山玲子, 三部俊博, 山中玲子, アクターラヘナ, 山本龍生, 馬越通弘, 粕山健太, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 59 ( 3 ) 165 - 172 2009

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本口腔衛生学会

本研究の目的は、大学生の歯科疾患の有病状況の調査と、歯周健康状態と関連要因の検討をすることとした。分析対象者は、18〜28歳の大学新入生2,422名で、歯科健診とアンケートを実施した。現在歯数は28(22-32)[中央値(範囲)]、未処置歯保有者率は13.6%であった。歯周ポケットの深さ(pocket depth[PD])が4mm以上の部位を少なくとも1ヶ所有する者の割合は、4.9%であった。アンケートより、顎関節部の痛みがある者は8.0%、顎関節部の音を自覚する者は26.5%、開口障害がある者は8.9%であった。口内炎が繰り返しできる者は18.7%であった。また、未処置歯数、歯周健康状態、顎関節症の症状の有無には性差が認められた。歯周健康状態と関連要因を検討したところ、定期歯科受診、歯肉出血、歯肉腫脹、歯周病の自覚において、4mm以上の歯周ポケット保有者との関連が認められた。(著者抄録)

DOI： 10.5834/jdh.59.3_165

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歯周疾患対策として液体歯磨剤へ抗菌剤，抗炎症剤およびビタミン類を配合する意義－ラットの実験的歯周炎を用いての組織学的・免疫組織化学的検討－

入江浩一郎, 友藤孝明, 江國大輔, 東哲司, 三部俊博, 粕山健太, 馬越通弘, 山本龍生, 森田学

日本歯周病学会会誌 2009

Cocoa-enriched diet decreases gingival oxidative stress in rat periodontitis

K. Irie, T. Tomofuji, D. Ekuni, T. Azuma, N. Tamaki, Y. Endo, T. Sanbe, T. Yamamoto, M. Morita

FREE RADICAL RESEARCH 43 76 - 76 2009

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