研究者詳細 - 近藤　秀樹

論文 - 近藤　秀樹

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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hypoviridae. 国際誌

Nobuhiro Suzuki, Said A Ghabrial, Kook-Hyung Kim, Michael Pearson, Shin-Yi L Marzano, Hajime Yaegashi, Jiatao Xie, Lihua Guo, Hideki Kondo, Igor Koloniuk, Bradley I Hillman, Ictv Report Consortium

The Journal of general virology 99 ( 5 ) 615 - 616 2018年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The Hypoviridae, comprising one genus, Hypovirus, is a family of capsidless viruses with positive-sense, ssRNA genomes of 9.1-12.7 kb that possess either a single large ORF or two ORFs. The ORFs appear to be translated from genomic RNA by non-canonical mechanisms, i.e. internal ribosome entry site-mediated and stop/restart translation. Hypoviruses have been detected in ascomycetous or basidiomycetous filamentous fungi, and are considered to be replicated in host Golgi-derived, lipid vesicles that contain their dsRNA as a replicative form. Some hypoviruses induce hypovirulence to host fungi, while others do not. This is a summary of the current ICTV report on the taxonomy of the Hypoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/hypoviridae.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001055

Novel, diverse RNA viruses from Mediterranean isolates of the phytopathogenic fungus, Rosellinia necatrix: insights into evolutionary biology of fungal viruses 査読

Juan Manuel Arjona-Lopez, Paul Telengech, Atif Jamal, Sakae Hisano, Hideki Kondo, Mery Dafny Yelin, Isabel Arjona-Girona, Satoko Kanematsu, Carlos José Lopez-Herrera, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Environmental Microbiology 20 ( 4 ) 1464 - 1483 2018年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Blackwell Publishing Ltd

To reveal mycovirus diversity, we conducted a search of as-yet-unexplored Mediterranean isolates of the phytopathogenic ascomycete Rosellinia necatrix for virus infections. Of seventy-nine, eleven fungal isolates tested RNA virus-positive, with many showing coinfections, indicating a virus incidence of 14%, which is slightly lower than that (approximately 20%) previously reported for extensive surveys of over 1000 Japanese R. necatrix isolates. All viral sequences were fully or partially characterized by Sanger and next-generation sequencing. These sequences appear to represent isolates of various new species spanning at least 6 established or previously proposed families such as Partiti-, Hypo-, Megabirna-, Yado-kari-, Fusagra- and Fusarividae, as well as a newly proposed family, Megatotiviridae. This observation greatly expands the diversity of R. necatrix viruses, because no hypo-, fusagra- or megatotiviruses were previously reported from R. necatrix. The sequence analyses showed a rare horizontal gene transfer event of the 2A-like protease domain between a dsRNA (phlegivirus) and a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus (hypovirus). Moreover, many of the newly detected viruses showed the closest relation to viruses reported from fungi other than R. necatrix, such as Fusarium spp., which are sympatric to R. necatrix. These combined results imply horizontal virus transfer between these soil-inhabitant fungi.

DOI： 10.1111/1462-2920.14065

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae. 国際誌

Peter J Walker, Kim R Blasdell, Charles H Calisher, Ralf G Dietzgen, Hideki Kondo, Gael Kurath, Ben Longdon, David M Stone, Robert B Tesh, Noël Tordo, Nikos Vasilakis, Anna E Whitfield, Ictv Report Consortium

The Journal of general virology 99 ( 4 ) 447 - 448 2018年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with negative-sense (-) single-stranded RNA genomes of 10.8-16.1 kb. Virions are typically enveloped with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants and animals including mammals, birds, reptiles and fish, as well as arthropods which serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish and agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of Rhabdoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001020

A neo-virus lifestyle exhibited by a (+)ssRNA virus hosted in an unrelated dsRNA virus: Taxonomic and evolutionary considerations.

Sakae Hisano, Rui Zhang, Md. Iqbal Faruk, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Virus research 2017年11月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Recent studies illustrate that fungi as virus hosts provides a unique platform for hunting viruses and exploring virus/virus and virus/host interactions. Such studies have revealed a number of as-yet-unreported viruses and virus/virus interactions. Among them is a unique intimate relationship between a (+)ssRNA virus, yado-kari virus (YkV1) and an unrelated dsRNA virus, yado-nushi virus (YnV1). YkV1 dsRNA, a replicated form of YkV1, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, are trans-encapsidated by the capsid protein of YnV1. While YnV1 can complete its replication cycle, YkV1 relies on YnV1 for its viability. We previously proposed a model in which YkV1 diverts YnV1 capsids as the replication sites. YkV1 is neither satellite virus nor satellite RNA, because YkV1 appears to encode functional RdRp and enhances YnV1 accumulation. This represents a unique mutualistic virus/virus interplay and similar relations in other virus/host fungus systems are detectable. We propose to establish the family Yadokariviridae that accommodates YkV1 and recently discovered viruses phylogenetically related to YkV1. This article overviews what is known and unknown about the YkV1/YnV1 interactions. Also discussed are the YnV1 Phytoreo_S7 and YkV1 2A-like domains that may have been captured via horizontal transfer during the course of evolution and are conserved across extant diverse RNA viruses. Lastly, evolutionary scenarios are envisioned for YkV1 and YnV1.

DOI： 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.11.006

Phytopathogenic fungus hosts a plant virus: A naturally occurring cross-kingdom viral infection 査読

Ida Bagus Andika, Shuang Wei, Chunmei Cao, Lakha Salaipeth, Hideki Kondo, Liying Sun

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 114 ( 46 ) 12267 - 12272 2017年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATL ACAD SCIENCES

The transmission of viral infections between plant and fungal hosts has been suspected to occur, based on phylogenetic and other findings, but has not been directly observed in nature. Here, we report the discovery of a natural infection of the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani by a plant virus, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The CMV-infected R. solani strain was obtained from a potato plant growing in Inner Mongolia Province of China, and CMV infection was stable when this fungal strain was cultured in the laboratory. CMV was horizontally transmitted through hyphal anastomosis but not vertically through basidiospores. By inoculation via protoplast transfection with virions, a reference isolate of CMV replicated in R. solani and another phytopathogenic fungus, suggesting that some fungi can serve as alternative hosts to CMV. Importantly, in fungal inoculation experiments under laboratory conditions, R. solani could acquire CMV from an infected plant, as well as transmit the virus to an uninfected plant. This study presents evidence of the transfer of a virus between plant and fungus, and it further expands our understanding of plant-fungus interactions and the spread of plant viruses.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.1714916114

Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2017. 国際誌

Gaya K Amarasinghe, Yīmíng Bào, Christopher F Basler, Sina Bavari, Martin Beer, Nicolás Bejerman, Kim R Blasdell, Alisa Bochnowski, Thomas Briese, Alexander Bukreyev, Charles H Calisher, Kartik Chandran, Peter L Collins, Ralf G Dietzgen, Olga Dolnik, Ralf Dürrwald, John M Dye, Andrew J Easton, Hideki Ebihara, Qi Fang, Pierre Formenty, Ron A M Fouchier, Elodie Ghedin, Robert M Harding, Roger Hewson, Colleen M Higgins, Jian Hong, Masayuki Horie, Anthony P James, Dàohóng Jiāng, Gary P Kobinger, Hideki Kondo, Gael Kurath, Robert A Lamb, Benhur Lee, Eric M Leroy, Ming Li, Andrea Maisner, Elke Mühlberger, Sergey V Netesov, Norbert Nowotny, Jean L Patterson, Susan L Payne, Janusz T Paweska, Michael N Pearson, Rick E Randall, Peter A Revill, Bertus K Rima, Paul Rota, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Martin Schwemmle, Sophie J Smither, Qisheng Song, David M Stone, Ayato Takada, Calogero Terregino, Robert B Tesh, Keizo Tomonaga, Noël Tordo, Jonathan S Towner, Nikos Vasilakis, Viktor E Volchkov, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, Peter J Walker, Beibei Wang, David Wang, Fei Wang, Lin-Fa Wang, John H Werren, Anna E Whitfield, Zhichao Yan, Gongyin Ye, Jens H Kuhn

Archives of virology 162 ( 8 ) 2493 - 2504 2017年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In 2017, the order Mononegavirales was expanded by the inclusion of a total of 69 novel species. Five new rhabdovirus genera and one new nyamivirus genus were established to harbor 41 of these species, whereas the remaining new species were assigned to already established genera. Furthermore, non-Latinized binomial species names replaced all paramyxovirus and pneumovirus species names, thereby accomplishing application of binomial species names throughout the entire order. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-017-3311-7

Possibility and Challenges of Conversion of Current Virus Species Names to Linnaean Binomials. 国際誌

Thomas S Postler, Anna N Clawson, Gaya K Amarasinghe, Christopher F Basler, Sbina Bavari, Mária Benko, Kim R Blasdell, Thomas Briese, Michael J Buchmeier, Alexander Bukreyev, Charles H Calisher, Kartik Chandran, Rémi Charrel, Christopher S Clegg, Peter L Collins, De La Torre Juan Carlos, Joseph L Derisi, Ralf G Dietzgen, Olga Dolnik, Ralf Dürrwald, John M Dye, Andrew J Easton, Sébastian Emonet, Pierre Formenty, Ron A M Fouchier, Elodie Ghedin, Jean-Paul Gonzalez, Balázs Harrach, Roger Hewson, Masayuki Horie, Dàohóng Jiang, Gary Kobinger, Hideki Kondo, Andrew M Kropinski, Mart Krupovic, Gael Kurath, Robert A Lamb, Eric M Leroy, Igor S Lukashevich, Andrea Maisner, Arcady R Mushegian, Sergey V Netesov, Norbert Nowotny, Jean L Patterson, Susan L Payne, Janusz T PaWeska, Clarence J Peters, Sheli R Radoshitzky, Bertus K Rima, Victor Romanowski, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Sead Sabanadzovic, Hélène Sanfaçon, Maria S Salvato, Martin Schwemmle, Sophie J Smither, Mark D Stenglein, David M Stone, Ayato Takada, Robert B Tesh, Keizo Tomonaga, Noël Tordo, Jonathan S Towner, Nikos Vasilakis, Viktor E Volchkov, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, Peter J Walker, Lin-Fa Wang, Arvind Varsani, Anna E Whitfield, F Murilo Zerbini, Jens H Kuhn

Systematic biology 66 ( 3 ) 463 - 473 2017年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Botanical, mycological, zoological, and prokaryotic species names follow the Linnaean format, consisting of an italicized Latinized binomen with a capitalized genus name and a lower case species epithet (e.g., Homo sapiens). Virus species names, however, do not follow a uniform format, and, even when binomial, are not Linnaean in style. In this thought exercise, we attempted to convert all currently official names of species included in the virus family Arenaviridae and the virus order Mononegavirales to Linnaean binomials, and to identify and address associated challenges and concerns. Surprisingly, this endeavor was not as complicated or time-consuming as even the authors of this article expected when conceiving the experiment. [Arenaviridae; binomials; ICTV; International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; Mononegavirales; virus nomenclature; virus taxonomy.].

DOI： 10.1093/sysbio/syw096

SAGA complex mediates the transcriptional up-regulation of antiviral RNA silencing 査読

Ida Bagus Andika, Atif Jamal, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 114 ( 17 ) E3499 - E3506 2017年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATL ACAD SCIENCES

Pathogen recognition and transcriptional activation of defense-related genes are crucial steps in cellular defense responses. RNA silencing (RNAi) functions as an antiviral defense in eukaryotic organisms. Several RNAi-related genes are known to be transcriptionally up-regulated upon virus infection in some host organisms, but little is known about their induction mechanism. A phytopathogenic ascomycete, Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight fungus), provides a particularly advantageous system to study RNAi activation, because its infection by certain RNA viruses induces the transcription of dicer-like 2 (dcl2) and argonaute-like 2 (agl2), two major RNAi players. To identify cellular factors governing activation of antiviral RNAi in C. parasitica, we developed a screening protocol entailing multiple transformations of the fungus with cDNA of a hypovirus mutant lacking the RNAi suppressor (CHV1-Delta p69), a reporter construct with a GFP gene driven by the dcl2 promoter, and a random mutagenic construct. Screening for GFP-negative colonies allowed the identification of sgf73, a component of the SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase) complex, a well-known transcriptional coactivator. Knockout of other SAGA components showed that the histone acetyltransferase module regulates transcriptional induction of dcl2 and agl2, whereas histone deubiquitinase mediates regulation of agl2 but not dcl2. Interestingly, full-scale induction of agl2 and dcl2 by CHV1 Delta p69 required both DCL2 and AGL2, whereas that by another RNA virus, mycoreovirus 1, required only DCL2, uncovering additional roles for DCL2 and AGL2 in viral recognition and/or RNAi activation. Overall, these results provide insight into the mechanism of RNAi activation.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.1701196114

The family Rhabdoviridae: mono- and bipartite negative-sense RNA viruses with diverse genome organization and common evolutionary origins. 国際誌

Ralf G Dietzgen, Hideki Kondo, Michael M Goodin, Gael Kurath, Nikos Vasilakis

Virus research 227 158 - 170 2017年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The family Rhabdoviridae consists of mostly enveloped, bullet-shaped or bacilliform viruses with a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome that infect vertebrates, invertebrates or plants. This ecological diversity is reflected by the diversity and complexity of their genomes. Five canonical structural protein genes are conserved in all rhabdoviruses, but may be overprinted, overlapped or interspersed with several novel and diverse accessory genes. This review gives an overview of the characteristics and diversity of rhabdoviruses, their taxonomic classification, replication mechanism, properties of classical rhabdoviruses such as rabies virus and rhabdoviruses with complex genomes, rhabdoviruses infecting aquatic species, and plant rhabdoviruses with both mono- and bipartite genomes.

DOI： 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.10.010

Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus VPg Is the Determinant Protein for Breaking eIF4E-Mediated Recessive Resistance in Barley Plants 査読

Huangai Li, Hideki Kondo, Thomas Kuehne, Yukio Shirako

FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 7 1449 2016年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：FRONTIERS MEDIA SA

In this study, we investigated the barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV, genus Bymovirus) factor(s) responsible for breaking eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance genes (rym4/5/6) in barley. Genome mapping analysis using chimeric infectious cDNA clones between rym5-breaking (JT10) and rym5-non-breaking (JK05) isolates indicated that genome-linked viral protein (VPg) is the determinant protein for breaking the rym5 resistance. Likewise, VPg is also responsible for overcoming the resistances of rym4 and rym6 alleles. Mutational analysis identified that amino acids Ser-118, Thr-120, and His-142 in JT10 VPg are the most critical residues for overcoming rym5 resistance in protoplasts. Moreover, the rym5-non-breaking JK05 could accumulate in the rym5 protoplasts when elF4E derived from a susceptible barley cultivar was expressed from the viral genome. Thus, the compatibility between VPg and host eIF4E determines the ability of BaYMV to infect barley plants.

DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2016.01449

Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016. 国際誌

Claudio L Afonso, Gaya K Amarasinghe, Krisztián Bányai, Yīmíng Bào, Christopher F Basler, Sina Bavari, Nicolás Bejerman, Kim R Blasdell, François-Xavier Briand, Thomas Briese, Alexander Bukreyev, Charles H Calisher, Kartik Chandran, Jiāsēn Chéng, Anna N Clawson, Peter L Collins, Ralf G Dietzgen, Olga Dolnik, Leslie L Domier, Ralf Dürrwald, John M Dye, Andrew J Easton, Hideki Ebihara, Szilvia L Farkas, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Pierre Formenty, Ron A M Fouchier, Yànpíng Fù, Elodie Ghedin, Michael M Goodin, Roger Hewson, Masayuki Horie, Timothy H Hyndman, Dàohóng Jiāng, Elliot W Kitajima, Gary P Kobinger, Hideki Kondo, Gael Kurath, Robert A Lamb, Sergio Lenardon, Eric M Leroy, Ci-Xiu Li, Xian-Dan Lin, Lìjiāng Liú, Ben Longdon, Szilvia Marton, Andrea Maisner, Elke Mühlberger, Sergey V Netesov, Norbert Nowotny, Jean L Patterson, Susan L Payne, Janusz T Paweska, Rick E Randall, Bertus K Rima, Paul Rota, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Martin Schwemmle, Mang Shi, Sophie J Smither, Mark D Stenglein, David M Stone, Ayato Takada, Calogero Terregino, Robert B Tesh, Jun-Hua Tian, Keizo Tomonaga, Noël Tordo, Jonathan S Towner, Nikos Vasilakis, Martin Verbeek, Viktor E Volchkov, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, John A Walsh, Peter J Walker, David Wang, Lin-Fa Wang, Thierry Wetzel, Anna E Whitfield, Ji Tāo Xiè, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Jens H Kuhn

Archives of virology 161 ( 8 ) 2351 - 60 2016年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In 2016, the order Mononegavirales was emended through the addition of two new families (Mymonaviridae and Sunviridae), the elevation of the paramyxoviral subfamily Pneumovirinae to family status (Pneumoviridae), the addition of five free-floating genera (Anphevirus, Arlivirus, Chengtivirus, Crustavirus, and Wastrivirus), and several other changes at the genus and species levels. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-016-2880-1

A novel betapartitivirus RnPV6 from Rosellinia necatrix tolerates host RNA silencing but is interfered by its defective RNAs 査読

Sotaro Chiba, Yu-Hsin Lin, Hideki Kondo, Satoko Kanematsu, Nobuhiro Suzuki

VIRUS RESEARCH 219 62 - 72 2016年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

The family Partitiviridae comprises of five genera with bi-segmented dsRNA genomes that accommodate members infecting plants, fungi or protists. All partitiviruses with only a few exceptions cause asymptomatic infections. We report the characterization of a novel betapartitivirus termed Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 6 (RnPV6) from a field isolate of a plant pathogenic fungus, white root rot fungus. RnPV6 has typical partitivirus features: dsRNA1 and dsRNA2 are 2462 and 2499 bps in length encoding RNA dependent RNA polymerase and capsid protein. Purified particles are spherical with a diameter of 30 nm. Taking advantage of infectivity as virions, RnPV6 was introduced into a model filamentous fungal host, chestnut blight fungus to investigate virus/host interactions. Unlike other partitiviruses tested previously, RnPV6 induced profound phenotypic alterations with symptoms characterized by a reduced growth rate and enhanced pigmentation and was tolerant to host RNA silencing. In addition, a variety of defective RNAs derived from dsRNA1 appear after virion transfection. These sub-viral RNAs were shown to interfere with RnPV6 replication, at least for that of cognate segment dsRNA1. Presence of these sub-viral elements resulted in reduced symptom expression by RnPV6, suggesting their nature as defective-interfering RNAs. The features of RnPV6 are similar to but distinct from those of a previously reported alphapartitivirus, Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 2 that is susceptible to RNA silencing. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.10.017

VIPP1 Has a Disordered C-Terminal Tail Necessary for Protecting Photosynthetic Membranes against Stress 査読

Lingang Zhang, Hideki Kondo, Hironari Kamikubo, Mikio Kataoka, Wataru Sakamoto

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 171 ( 3 ) 1983 - 1995 2016年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS

Integrity of biomembranes is vital to living organisms. In bacteria, PspA is considered to act as repairing damaged membrane by forming large supercomplexes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Vulnerable to oxidative stress, photosynthetic organisms also contain a PspA ortholog called VIPP1, which has an additional C-terminal tail (Vc). In this study, Vc was shown to coincide with an intrinsically disordered region, and the role of VIPP1 in membrane protection against stress was investigated. We visualized VIPP1 by fusing it to GFP (VIPP1-GFP that fully complemented lethal vipp1 mutations), and investigated its behavior in vivo with live imaging. The intrinsically disordered nature of Vc enabled VIPP1 to form what appeared to be functional particles along envelopes, whereas the deletion of Vc caused excessive association of the VIPP1 particles, preventing their active movement for membrane protection. Expression of VIPP1 lacking Vc complemented vipp1 mutation, but exhibited sensitivity to heat shock stress. Conversely, transgenic plants over-expressing VIPP1 showed enhanced tolerance against heat shock, suggesting that Vc negatively regulates VIPP1 particle association and acts in maintaining membrane integrity. Our data thus indicate that VIPP1 is involved in the maintenance of photosynthetic membranes. During evolution, chloroplasts have acquired enhanced tolerance against membrane stress by incorporating a disordered C-terminal tail into VIPP1.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.16.00532

Amyloplast Membrane Protein SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6 Controls Starch Grain Size in Rice Endosperm 査読

Ryo Matsushima, Masahiko Maekawa, Miyako Kusano, Katsura Tomita, Hideki Kondo, Hideki Nishimura, Naoko Crofts, Naoko Fujita, Wataru Sakamoto

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 170 ( 3 ) 1445 - 1459 2016年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS

Starch is a biologically and commercially important polymer of glucose. Starch is organized into starch grains (SGs) inside amyloplasts. The SG size differs depending on the plant species and is one of the most important factors for industrial applications of starch. There is limited information on genetic factors regulating SG sizes. In this study, we report the rice (Oryza sativa) mutant substandard starch grain6 (ssg6), which develops enlarged SGs in endosperm. Enlarged SGs are observed starting at 3 d after flowering. During endosperm development, a number of smaller SGs appear and coexist with enlarged SGs in the same cells. The ssg6 mutation also affects SG morphologies in pollen. The SSG6 gene was identified by map-based cloning and microarray analysis. SSG6 encodes a protein homologous to aminotransferase. SSG6 differs from other rice homologs in that it has a transmembrane domain. SSG6-green fluorescent protein is localized in the amyloplast membrane surrounding SGs in rice endosperm, pollen, and pericarp. The results of this study suggest that SSG6 is a novel protein that controls SG size. SSG6 will be a useful molecular tool for future starch breeding and applications.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.15.01811

A capsidless ssRNA virus hosted by an unrelated dsRNA virus 査読

Rui Zhang, Sakae Hisano, Akio Tani, Hideki Kondo, Satoko Kanematsu, Nobuhiro Suzuki

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY 1 ( 1 ) 15001 2016年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

Viruses typically encode the capsid that encases their genome, while satellite viruses do not encode a replicase and depend on a helper virus for their replication(1). Here, we report interplay between two RNA viruses, yado-nushi virus 1 (YnV1) and yado-kari virus 1 (YkV1), in a phytopathogenic fungus, Rosellinia necatrix(2). YkV1 has a close phylogenetic affinity to positive-sense, single-stranded (+)ssRNA viruses such as animal caliciviruses(3), while YnV1 has an undivided double-stranded (ds) RNA genome with a resemblance to fungal toti-viruses(4). Virion transfection and infectious full-length cDNA transformation has shown that YkV1 depends on YnV1 for viability, although it probably encodes functional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Immunological and molecular analyses have revealed trans-encapsidation of not only YkV1 RNA but also RdRp by the capsid protein of the other virus (YnV1), and enhancement of YnV1 accumulation by YkV1. This study demonstrates interplay in which the capsidless (+) ssRNA virus (YkV1), hijacks the capsid protein of the dsRNA virus (YnV1), and replicates as if it were a dsRNA virus.

DOI： 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2015.1

IDENTIFICATION OF GENOME RECOMBINATION AMONG APPLE STEM PITTING VIRUS ISOLATES 査読

Z. Li, H. Kondo, I. B. Andika, P. Liu, L. Sun, Y. Wu

JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 98 ( 3 ) 595 - 601 2016年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：EDIZIONI ETS

We have determined the complete genome sequence of an apple stem pitting virus isolate (ASPV, genus Foveavirus) from China, providing a new genome sequence of an ASPV isolate from apple trees. Nucleotide identities and phylogenetic relationships among this and another eleven complete sequences of ASPV isolates largely differed according to the coding regions of the genome analysed, suggesting the possible occurrence of recombination. Using recombination-detection programs, multiple recombination events throughout the ASPV genome were predicted to occur among isolates, regardless of their host species. Our analyses suggest that pervasive genome recombination drives the evolution and genetic diversity of ASPV.

DOI： 10.4454/JPP.V98I3.028

Interplays between Soil-Borne Plant Viruses and RNA Silencing-Mediated Antiviral Defense in Roots. 国際誌

Ida Bagus Andika, Hideki Kondo, Liying Sun

Frontiers in microbiology 7 1458 - 1458 2016年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Although the majority of plant viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors and invade the host plants through the aerial parts, there is a considerable number of plant viruses that infect roots via soil-inhabiting vectors such as plasmodiophorids, chytrids, and nematodes. These soil-borne viruses belong to diverse families, and many of them cause serious diseases in major crop plants. Thus, roots are important organs for the life cycle of many viruses. Compared to shoots, roots have a distinct metabolism and particular physiological characteristics due to the differences in development, cell composition, gene expression patterns, and surrounding environmental conditions. RNA silencing is an important innate defense mechanism to combat virus infection in plants, but the specific information on the activities and molecular mechanism of RNA silencing-mediated viral defense in root tissue is still limited. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge regarding RNA silencing aspects of the interactions between soil-borne viruses and host plants. Overall, research evidence suggests that soil-borne viruses have evolved to adapt to the distinct mechanism of antiviral RNA silencing in roots.

Different Dicer-like protein components required for intracellular and systemic antiviral silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana. 国際誌

Ida Bagus Andika, Kazuyuki Maruyama, Liying Sun, Hideki Kondo, Tetsuo Tamada, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Plant signaling & behavior 10 ( 8 ) e1039214 2015年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Eukaryotes employ RNA silencing as an innate defense system against invading viruses. Dicer proteins play the most crucial role in initiating this antiviral pathway as they recognize and process incoming viral nucleic acids into small interfering RNAs. Generally, 2 successive infection stages constitute viral infection in plants. First, the virus multiplies in initially infected cells or organs after viral transmission and then the virus subsequently spreads systemically through the vasculature to distal plant tissues or organs. Thus, antiviral silencing in plants must cope with both local and systemic invasion of viruses. In a recent study using 2 sets of different experiments, we clearly demonstrated the differential requirement for Dicer-like 4 (DCL4) and DCL2 proteins in the inhibition of intracellular and systemic infection by potato virus X in Arabidopsis thaliana. Taken together with the results of other studies, here we further discuss the functional specificity of DCL proteins in the antiviral silencing pathway.

DOI： 10.1080/15592324.2015.1039214

A novel single-stranded RNA virus isolated from a phytopathogenic filamentous fungus, Rosellinia necatrix, with similarity to hypo-like viruses 査読

Rui Zhang, Shengxue Liu, Sotaro Chiba, Hideki Kondo, Satoko Kanematsu, Nobuhiro Suzuki

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY 5 360 2014年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Here we report a biological and molecular characterization of a novel positive-sense RNA virus isolated from a field isolate (NW10) of a filamentous phytopathogenic fungus, the white root rot fungus that is designated as Rosellinia necatrix fusarivirus 1 (RnFV1). A recently developed technology using zinc ions allowed us to transfer RnFV1 to two mycelially incompatible Rosellinia necatrix strains. A biological comparison of the virus-free and -recipient isogenic fungal strains suggested that RnFV1 infects latently and thus has no potential as a virocontrol agent. The virus has an undivided positive-sense RNA genome of 6286 nucleotides excluding a poly (A) tail. The genome possesses two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs): a large ORF1 that encodes polypeptides with RNA replication functions and a smaller ORF2 that encodes polypeptides of unknown function. A lack of coat protein genes was suggested by the failure of virus particles from infected mycelia. No evidence was obtained by Northern analysis or classical 5'-RACE for the presence of subgenomic RNA for the downstream ORE Sequence similarities were found in amino-acid sequence between RnFV1 putative proteins and counterparts of a previously reported mycovirus, Fusarium graminearum virus 1 (FgV1). Interestingly, several related sequences were detected by BLAST searches of independent transcriptome assembly databases one of which probably represents an entire virus genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase showed that RnFV1, FgV1, and these similar sequences are grouped in a cluster distinct from distantly related hypoviruses. It is proposed that a new taxonomic family termed Fusariviridae be created to include RnFV1 and FgV1.

DOI： 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00360

Dichorhavirus: a proposed new genus for Brevipalpus mite-transmitted, nuclear, bacilliform, bipartite, negative-strand RNA plant viruses. 国際誌

Ralf G Dietzgen, Jens H Kuhn, Anna N Clawson, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Michael M Goodin, Elliott W Kitajima, Hideki Kondo, Thierry Wetzel, Anna E Whitfield

Archives of virology 159 ( 3 ) 607 - 19 2014年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an unassigned negative-sense, single-stranded (-)ssRNA plant virus that was previously suggested to be included in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Although OFV shares some biological characteristics, including nuclear cytopathological effects, gene order, and sequence similarities, with nucleorhabdoviruses, its taxonomic status is unclear because unlike all mononegaviruses, OFV has a segmented genome and its particles are not enveloped. This article analyses the available biological, physico-chemical, and nucleotide sequence evidence that seems to indicate that OFV and several other Brevipalpus mite-transmitted short bacilliform (-)ssRNA viruses are likely related and may be classified taxonomically in novel species in a new free-floating genus Dichorhavirus.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-013-1834-0

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