研究者詳細 - 近藤　秀樹

論文 - 近藤　秀樹

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Evidence for negative-strand RNA virus infection in fungi 査読

Hideki Kondo, Sotaro Chiba, Kazuhiro Toyoda, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Virology 435 ( 2 ) 201 - 209 2013年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Fungal viruses comprise two groups: a major group of five families with double-stranded RNA genomes and a minor group with positive-sense single-stranded (ss)RNA genomes. Although many fungal viruses have been identified, no negative-stranded (-)ssRNA mycoviruses have been reported. Here we present two lines of evidence suggesting the presence of (-)ssRNA viruses in filamentous fungi based on an exhaustive search using extant (-)ssRNA viruses as queries. This revealed (-)ssRNA virus L protein-like sequences in the genome of a phytopathogenic obligate ascomycete, Erysiphe pisi. A similar search for (-)ssRNA viruses in fungal transcriptome shotgun assembly libraries demonstrated that two independent libraries from Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, another phytopathogenic ascomycete, contained several sequences considered to correspond to the entire mononegavirus L gene and likely originating from an infecting (-)ssRNA virus. These results provide strong evidence for both ancient and extant (-)ssRNA virus infections in fungi. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.virol.2012.10.002

A capsidless (+)RNA yadokarivirus hosted by a dsRNA virus is infectious as particles, cDNA, and dsRNA. 国際誌

Muhammad Fadli, Sakae Hisano, Guy Novoa, José R Castón, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Journal of virology 99 ( 3 ) e0216624 2025年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Capsidless yadokariviruses (members of the order Yadokarivirales) with (+)RNA genomes divert the capsid of their partner icosahedral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses in different families of the order Ghabrivirales into the replication site. A yadokarivirus, AfSV2, has been reported from a German strain of the ascomycete fungus Aspergillus foetidus coinfected by two dsRNA viruses, a victorivirus (AfSV1, family Pseudototiviridae) and an alternavirus (AfFV, family Alternaviridae). Here, we identified AfSV1 as the partner of AfSV2 in a Japanese A. foetidus strain after showing the infectiousness of AfSV2 in three forms: virus particles (heterocapsid), transforming full-length complementary DNA (cDNA), and purified replicated form (RF) dsRNA that is believed to be inactive as a translational template. Virion transfection of virus-free A. foetidus protoplasts resulted in the generation of two strains infected either by AfSV1 alone or by both AfSV1 and AfSV2. Transformants with AfSV2 full-length cDNA launched AfSV2 infection only in the presence of AfSV1, but not those with AfSV2 RNA-directed RNA polymerase mutant cDNA. The purified fractions containing AfSV2 RF dsRNA also launched infection when transfected into protoplasts infected by AfSV1. Treatment with dsRNA-specific RNase III, but not with proteinase K, S1 nuclease, or DNase I, abolished the infectivity of AfSV2 RF dsRNA. Furthermore, we confirmed the infectiousness of gel-purified AfSV2 RF dsRNA in the presence of AfSV1. Taken together, our results show the unique infectious entity of AfSV2 and the expansion of yadokarivirus partners in the family Pseudototiviridae and provide interesting evolutionary insights.IMPORTANCEThe viral phylum Pisuviricota accommodates members with both double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and (+)RNA genomes. Some members of the second group display peculiar virus lifestyles. These include (+)RNA yadkariviruses, which are capsidless and highjack the capsid of their partner dsRNA viruses in the order Ghabrivirales of a different phylum Duplornaviricota. We identified the partner dsRNA virus (AfSV1, a victorivirus) of a yadokarivirus (AfSV2) from the ascomycete Aspergillus foetidus. AfSV2 is infectious in the presence of AfSV1 in three forms: purified particles, transforming full-length complementary DNA, and, surprisingly, the purified replicative form dsRNA. These combined results expand yadokarivirus partner viruses to the family Pseudototiviridae and provide evidence for AfSV2 as a unique infectious entity as well as interesting evolutionary insights.

DOI： 10.1128/jvi.02166-24

New lineages of RNA viruses from clinical isolates of Rhizopus microsporus revealed by fragmented and primer-ligated dsRNA sequencing (FLDS) analysis. 査読国際誌

Wasiatus Sa'diyah, Yan-Jie Zhao, Yuto Chiba, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Sayaka Ban, Takashi Yaguchi, Syun-Ichi Urayama, Daisuke Hagiwara

mSphere e0034524 2024年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Rhizopus microsporus is a species in the order Mucorales that is known to cause mucormycosis, but it is poorly understood as a host of viruses. Here, we examined 25 clinical strains of R. microsporus for viral infection with a conventional double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) assay using agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and the recently established fragmented and primer-ligated dsRNA sequencing (FLDS) protocol. By AGE, five virus-infected strains were detected. Then, full-length genomic sequences of 12 novel RNA viruses were revealed by FLDS, which were related to the families Mitoviridae, Narnaviridae, and Endornaviridae, ill-defined groups of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses with similarity to the established families Virgaviridae and Phasmaviridae, and the proposed family "Ambiguiviridae." All the characterized viruses, except a potential phasmavirid with a negative-sense RNA genome, had positive-sense RNA genomes. One virus belonged to a previously established species within the family Mitoviridae, whereas the other 11 viruses represented new species or even new genera. These results show that the fungal pathogen R. microsporus harbors diverse RNA viruses and extend our understanding of the diversity of RNA viruses in the fungal order Mucorales, division Mucoromycota. Identifying RNA viruses from clinical isolates of R. microsporus may expand the repertoire of natural therapeutic agents for mucormycosis in the future.IMPORTANCEThe diversity of mycoviruses in fungal hosts in the division Mucoromycota has been underestimated, mainly within the species Rhizopus microsporus. Only five positive-sense RNA genomes had previously been discovered in this species. Because current sequencing methods poorly complete the termini of genomes, we used fragmented and primer-ligated double-stranded RNA sequencing to acquire the full-length genomes. Eleven novel mycoviruses were detected in this study, including the first negative-sense RNA genome reported in R. microsporus. Our findings extend the understanding of the viral diversity in clinical strains of Mucoromycota, may provide insights into the pathogenesis and ecology of this fungus, and may offer therapeutic options.

DOI： 10.1128/msphere.00345-24

Identification of a novel member of the genus Laulavirus (family Phenuiviridae) from the entomopathogenic ascomycete fungus Cordyceps javanica. 査読国際誌

Xinran Cao, Bo Liu, Ziqi Wang, Tianxing Pang, Liying Sun, Hideki Kondo, Junmin Li, Ida Bagus Andika, Shengqi Chi

Archives of virology 169 ( 8 ) 166 - 166 2024年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The virus family Phenuiviridae (order Hareavirales, comprising segmented negative-sense single stranded RNA viruses) has highly diverse members that are known to infect animals, plants, protozoans, and fungi. In this study, we identified a novel phenuivirus infecting a strain of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps javanica isolated from a small brown plant hopper (Laodelphax striatellus), and this virus was tentatively named "Cordyceps javanica negative-strand RNA virus 1" (CjNRSV1). The CjNRSV1 genome consists of three negative-sense single stranded RNA segments (RNA1-3) with lengths of 7252, 2401, and 1117 nt, respectively. The 3'- and 5'-terminal regions of the RNA1, 2, and 3 segments have identical sequences, and the termini of the RNA segments are complementary to each other, reflecting a common characteristic of viruses in the order Hareavirales. RNA1 encodes a large protein (∼274 kDa) containing a conserved domain for the bunyavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) superfamily, with 57-80% identity to the RdRP encoded by phenuiviruses in the genus Laulavirus. RNA2 encodes a protein (∼79 kDa) showing sequence similarity (47-63% identity) to the movement protein (MP, a plant viral cell-to-cell movement protein)-like protein (MP-L) encoded by RNA2 of laulaviruses. RNA3 encodes a protein (∼28 kDa) with a conserved domain of the phenuivirid nucleocapsid protein superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis using the RdRPs of various phenuiviruses and other unclassified phenuiviruses showed CjNRSV1 to be grouped with established members of the genus Laulavirus. Our results suggest that CjNRSV1 is a novel fungus-infecting member of the genus Laulavirus in the family Phenuiviridae.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-024-06069-5

Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against RNA viruses. 査読国際誌

Yukiyo Sato, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 121 ( 25 ) e2322765121 2024年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) is conserved from yeasts to mammals. Dicer recognizes and cleaves virus-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and/or structured single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) into small-interfering RNAs, which guide effector Argonaute to homologous viral RNAs for digestion and inhibit virus replication. Thus, Argonaute is believed to be essential for antiviral RNAi. Here, we show Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against dsRNA viruses using Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight fungus), which is a model filamentous ascomycetous fungus and hosts a variety of viruses. The fungus has two dicer-like genes (dcl1 and dcl2) and four argonaute-like genes (agl1 to agl4). We prepared a suite of single to quadruple agl knockout mutants with or without dcl disruption. We tested these mutants for antiviral activities against diverse dsRNA viruses and ssRNA viruses. Although both DCL2 and AGL2 worked as antiviral players against some RNA viruses, DCL2 without argonaute was sufficient to block the replication of other RNA viruses. Overall, these results indicate the existence of a Dicer-alone defense and different degrees of susceptibility to it among RNA viruses. We discuss what determines the great difference in susceptibility to the Dicer-only defense.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.2322765121

Replication of single viruses across the kingdoms, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. 査読国際誌

Paul Telengech, Kiwamu Hyodo, Hiroaki Ichikawa, Ryusei Kuwata, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 121 ( 25 ) e2318150121 2024年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

It is extremely rare that a single virus crosses host barriers across multiple kingdoms. Based on phylogenetic and paleovirological analyses, it has previously been hypothesized that single members of the family Partitiviridae could cross multiple kingdoms. Partitiviridae accommodates members characterized by their simple bisegmented double-stranded RNA genome; asymptomatic infections of host organisms; the absence of an extracellular route for entry in nature; and collectively broad host range. Herein, we show the replicability of single fungal partitiviruses in three kingdoms of host organisms: Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Betapartitiviruses of the phytopathogenic fungusRosellinia necatrix could replicate in protoplasts of the carrot (Daucus carota), Nicotiana benthamiana and Nicotiana tabacum, in some cases reaching a level detectable by agarose gel electrophoresis. Moreover, betapartitiviruses showed more robust replication than the tested alphapartitiviruses. One of the fungal betapartitiviruses, RnPV18, could persistently and stably infect carrot plants regenerated from virion-transfected protoplasts. Both alpha- and betapartitiviruses, although with different host preference, could replicate in two insect cell lines derived from the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Our results indicate the replicability of single partitiviruses in members of three kingdoms and provide insights into virus adaptation, host jumping, and evolution.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.2318150121

Identification of a negative-strand RNA virus with natural plant and fungal hosts. 査読国際誌

Ruoyin Dai, Shian Yang, Tianxing Pang, Mengyuan Tian, Hao Wang, Dong Zhang, Yunfeng Wu, Hideki Kondo, Ida Bagus Andika, Zhensheng Kang, Liying Sun

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 121 ( 12 ) e2319582121 2024年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The presence of viruses that spread to both plant and fungal populations in nature has posed intriguingly scientific question. We found a negative-strand RNA virus related to members of the family Phenuiviridae, named Valsa mali negative-strand RNA virus 1 (VmNSRV1), which induced strong hypovirulence and was prevalent in a population of the phytopathogenic fungus of apple Valsa canker (Valsa mali) infecting apple orchards in the Shaanxi Province of China. Intriguingly, VmNSRV1 encodes a protein with a viral cell-to-cell movement function in plant tissue. Mechanical leaf inoculation showed that VmNSRV1 could systemically infect plants. Moreover, VmNSRV1 was detected in 24 out of 139 apple trees tested in orchards in Shaanxi Province. Fungal inoculation experiments showed that VmNSRV1 could be bidirectionally transmitted between apple plants and V. mali, and VmNSRV1 infection in plants reduced the development of fungal lesions on leaves. Additionally, the nucleocapsid protein encoded by VmNSRV1 is associated with and rearranged lipid droplets in both fungal and plant cells. VmNSRV1 represents a virus that has adapted and spread to both plant and fungal hosts and shuttles between these two organisms in nature (phyto-mycovirus) and is potential to be utilized for the biocontrol method against plant fungal diseases. This finding presents further insights into the virus evolution and adaptation encompassing both plant and fungal hosts.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.2319582121

Decoding the RNA virome of the tree parasite Armillaria provides new insights into the viral community of soil-borne fungi. 査読国際誌

Wajeeha Shamsi, Renate Heinzelmann, Sven Ulrich, Hideki Kondo, Carolina Cornejo

Environmental microbiology 26 ( 2 ) e16583 2024年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The globally distributed basidiomycete genus Armillaria includes wood decomposers that can act as opportunistic parasites, causing deadly root rot on woody plants. To test whether RNA viruses are involved in this opportunistic behaviour, a large isolate collection of five Armillaria species collected over 40 years in Switzerland from trees, dead wood and soil was analysed. De novo assembly of RNA-Seq data revealed 21 viruses, 14 of which belong to putative new species. Two dsRNA viruses and an unclassified Tymovirales are formally described for the first time for Armillaria. One mitovirus occurred with a high prevalence of 71.1%, while all other viruses were much less prevalent (0.6%-16.9%). About half of all viruses were found only in one fungal species, others occurred in 2-6 fungal species. Co-infections of 2-7 viruses per isolate were not uncommon (34.9%), and most viruses persisted circulating within fungal populations for decades. Some viruses were related to viruses associated with other Armillaria species, supporting the hypothesis that virus transmission can occur between different fungal species. Although no specific correlation between viruses and the fungal trophic strategy was found, this study opens new insights into viral diversity hidden in the soil microbiome.

DOI： 10.1111/1462-2920.16583

Possible biological control of ash dieback using the mycoparasite Hymenoscyphus fraxineus mitovirus 2. 査読国際誌

Wajeeha Shamsi, Jana Mittelstrass, Sven Ulrich, Hideki Kondo, Daniel Rigling, Simone Prospero

Phytopathology 114 ( 5 ) 1020 - 1027 2023年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Invasive fungal diseases represent a major threat to forest ecosystems worldwide. As the application of fungicides is often unfeasible and not a sustainable solution, only a few other control options are available, including biological control. In this context, the use of parasitic mycoviruses as biocontrol agents of fungal pathogens has recently gained particular attention. Since the 1990s, the Asian fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus has been causing lethal ash dieback across Europe. In the present study, we investigated the biocontrol potential of the mitovirus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus mitovirus 2 (HfMV2) previously identified in Japanese populations of the pathogen. HfMV2 could be successfully introduced via co-culturing into 16 out of 105 HfMV2-free isolates. Infection with HfMV2 had contrasting effects on fungal growth in vitro, from cryptic to detrimental or beneficial. Virus-infected H. fraxineus isolates whose growth was reduced by HfMV2 showed overall a lower virulence on ash (Fraxinus excelsior) saplings as compared to their isogenic HfMV2-free lines. The results suggest that mycoviruses exist in the native populations of H. fraxineus in Asia that have the potential for biological control of ash dieback in Europe.

DOI： 10.1094/PHYTO-09-23-0346-KC

Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota). 査読国際誌

Jens H Kuhn, Junya Abe, Scott Adkins, Sergey V Alkhovsky, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, María A Ayllón, Justin Bahl, Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Matthew J Ballinger, Virendra Kumar Baranwal, Martin Beer, Nicolas Bejerman, Éric Bergeron, Nadine Biedenkopf, Carol D Blair, Kim R Blasdell, Arnaud G Blouin, Steven B Bradfute, Thomas Briese, Paul A Brown, Ursula J Buchholz, Michael J Buchmeier, Alexander Bukreyev, Felicity Burt, Carmen Büttner, Charles H Calisher, Mengji Cao, Inmaculada Casas, Kartik Chandran, Rémi N Charrel, Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi, Kar Mun Chooi, Anya Crane, Elena Dal Bó, Juan Carlos de la Torre, William M de Souza, Rik L de Swart, Humberto Debat, Nolwenn M Dheilly, Nicholas Di Paola, Francesco Di Serio, Ralf G Dietzgen, Michele Digiaro, J Felix Drexler, W Paul Duprex, Ralf Dürrwald, Andrew J Easton, Toufic Elbeaino, Koray Ergünay, Guozhong Feng, Andrew E Firth, Anthony R Fooks, Pierre B H Formenty, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Selma Gago-Zachert, María Laura García, Adolfo García-Sastre, Aura R Garrison, Thomas R Gaskin, Wenjie Gong, Jean-Paul J Gonzalez, JoëlleGoüy de Bellocq, Anthony Griffiths, Martin H Groschup, Ines Günther, Stephan Günther, John Hammond, Yusuke Hasegawa, Kazusa Hayashi, Jussi Hepojoki, Colleen M Higgins, Seiji Hongō, Masayuki Horie, Holly R Hughes, Adam J Hume, Timothy H Hyndman, Kenichi Ikeda, Dàohóng Jiāng, Gilda B Jonson, Sandra Junglen, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingström, Hideki Kondō, Eugene V Koonin, Mart Krupovic, Kenji Kubota, Gael Kurath, Lies Laenen, Amy J Lambert, Jiànróng Lǐ, Jun-Min Li, Ran Liu, Igor S Lukashevich, Robin M MacDiarmid, Piet Maes, Marco Marklewitz, Sergio H Marshall, Shin-Yi L Marzano, John W McCauley, Ali Mirazimi, Elke Mühlberger, Tomoyuki Nabeshima, Rayapati Naidu, Tomohide Natsuaki, Beatriz Navarro, José A Navarro, Yutaro Neriya, Sergey V Netesov, Gabriele Neumann, Norbert Nowotny, Márcio R T Nunes, Francisco M Ochoa-Corona, Tomoyuki Okada, Gustavo Palacios, Vicente Pallás, Anna Papa, Sofia Paraskevopoulou, Colin R Parrish, Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa, Janusz T Pawęska, Daniel R Pérez, Florian Pfaff, Richard K Plemper, Thomas S Postler, Lee O Rabbidge, Sheli R Radoshitzky, Pedro L Ramos-González, Marius Rehanek, Renato O Resende, Carina A Reyes, Thaís C S Rodrigues, Víctor Romanowski, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Luisa Rubino, Jonathan A Runstadler, Sead Sabanadzovic, Sabrina Sadiq, Maria S Salvato, Takahide Sasaya, Martin Schwemmle, Stephen R Sharpe, Mang Shi, Yoshifumi Shimomoto, Venkidusamy Kavi Sidharthan, Manuela Sironi, Sophie Smither, Jin-Won Song, Kirsten M Spann, Jessica R Spengler, Mark D Stenglein, Ayato Takada, Sawana Takeyama, Akio Tatara, Robert B Tesh, Natalie J Thornburg, Xin Tian, Nicole D Tischler, Yasuhiro Tomitaka, Keizō Tomonaga, Noël Tordo, Changchun Tu, Massimo Turina, Ioannis E Tzanetakis, Anna Maria Vaira, Bernadette van den Hoogen, Bert Vanmechelen, Nikos Vasilakis, Martin Verbeek, Susanne von Bargen, Jiro Wada, Victoria Wahl, Peter J Walker, Thomas B Waltzek, Anna E Whitfield, Yuri I Wolf, Han Xia, Evanthia Xylogianni, Hironobu Yanagisawa, Kazutaka Yano, Gongyin Ye, Zhiming Yuan, F Murilo Zerbini, Guilin Zhang, Song Zhang, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Lu Zhao, Arnfinn Lodden Økland

The Journal of general virology 104 ( 8 ) 2023年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new genera, and 140 new species. Two genera and 538 species were renamed. One species was moved, and four were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001864

Identification of a novel dicistro-like virus associated with the roots of tomato plants. 査読国際誌

Xinran Cao, Ziqi Wang, Jianguo Pang, Liying Sun, Hideki Kondo, Ida Bagus Andika

Archives of virology 168 ( 8 ) 214 - 214 2023年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Viruses belonging to the family Dicistroviridae have a monopartite positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and infect a variety of arthropods. Using high-throughput sequencing, we detected a novel dicistro-like virus, tentatively named "tomato root-associated dicistro-like virus" (TRaDLV), in the roots of tomato plants showing yellow mosaic symptoms on the leaves. The diseased tomato plants were coinfected with multiple plant viruses, and TRaDLV was present in the roots but not in the leaves. The genome of TRaDLV is 8726 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail, and contains two open reading frames (ORFs) separated by an intergenic region (IGR). The TRaDLV genome showed characteristics similar to those of dicistroviruses, including the presence of a 3C-like protease domain, repeated amino acid sequences representing multiple copies of viral genome-linked protein (VPg)-like sequences in the ORF1 polyprotein, and a series of stem-loop structures resembling an internal ribosome entry site in the IGR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TRaDLV clustered with unclassified dicistro-like viruses from invertebrates or identified in samples of plant-derived material. These findings indicate the existence of a novel dicistro-like virus that may associate with plant roots or a root-inhabiting organism.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-023-05843-1

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hadakaviridae 2023 査読国際誌

Yukiyo Sato, Massimo Turina, Sotaro Chiba, Ryo Okada, Muhammad F. Bhatti, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Robert H. A. Coutts, Hideki Kondo, Sead Sabanadzovic, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Journal of General Virology 104 ( 1 ) 2023年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Microbiology Society

The family Hadakaviridae, including the genus Hadakavirus, accommodates capsidless viruses with a 10- or 11-segmented positive-sense (+) RNA genome. Currently known hosts are ascomycetous filamentous fungi. Although phylogenetically related to polymycovirids with a segmented double-stranded RNA genome and certain encapsidated picorna-like viruses, hadakavirids are distinct in their lack of a capsid (‘hadaka’ means naked in Japanese) and their consequent inability to be pelleted by conventional ultracentrifugation; they show ribonuclease susceptibility in host tissue homogenates. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Hadakaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/hadakaviridae.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001820

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Yadokariviridae 2023. 査読国際誌

Yukiyo Sato, Subha Das, Leonardo Velasco, Massimo Turina, Hideki Osaki, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Robert H A Coutts, Hideki Kondo, Sead Sabanadzovic, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Ictv Report Consortium

The Journal of general virology 104 ( 1 ) 2023年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The family Yadokariviridae, with the genera Alphayadokarivirus and Betayadokarivirus, includes capsidless non-segmented positive-sense (+) RNA viruses that hijack capsids from phylogenetically distant double-stranded RNA viruses. Yadokarivirids likely replicate inside the hijacked heterocapsids using their own RNA-directed RNA polymerase, mimicking dsRNA viruses despite their phylogenetic placement in a (+) RNA virus lineage. Yadokarivirids can have negative or positive impacts on their host fungi, through interactions with the capsid donor dsRNA viruses. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the family Yadokariviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/yadokariviridae.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001826

2022 taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales. 査読国際誌

Jens H Kuhn, Scott Adkins, Sergey V Alkhovsky, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, María A Ayllón, Justin Bahl, Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Matthew J Ballinger, Martina Bandte, Martin Beer, Nicolas Bejerman, Éric Bergeron, Nadine Biedenkopf, Laurent Bigarré, Carol D Blair, Kim R Blasdell, Steven B Bradfute, Thomas Briese, Paul A Brown, Rémy Bruggmann, Ursula J Buchholz, Michael J Buchmeier, Alexander Bukreyev, Felicity Burt, Carmen Büttner, Charles H Calisher, Thierry Candresse, Jeremy Carson, Inmaculada Casas, Kartik Chandran, Rémi N Charrel, Yuya Chiaki, Anya Crane, Mark Crane, Laurent Dacheux, Elena Dal Bó, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Xavier de Lamballerie, William M de Souza, Rik L de Swart, Nolwenn M Dheilly, Nicholas Di Paola, Francesco Di Serio, Ralf G Dietzgen, Michele Digiaro, J Felix Drexler, W Paul Duprex, Ralf Dürrwald, Andrew J Easton, Toufic Elbeaino, Koray Ergünay, Guozhong Feng, Claudette Feuvrier, Andrew E Firth, Anthony R Fooks, Pierre B H Formenty, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Selma Gago-Zachert, María Laura García, Adolfo García-Sastre, Aura R Garrison, Scott E Godwin, Jean-Paul J Gonzalez, Joëlle Goüy de Bellocq, Anthony Griffiths, Martin H Groschup, Stephan Günther, John Hammond, Jussi Hepojoki, Melanie M Hierweger, Seiji Hongō, Masayuki Horie, Hidenori Horikawa, Holly R Hughes, Adam J Hume, Timothy H Hyndman, Dàohóng Jiāng, Gilda B Jonson, Sandra Junglen, Fujio Kadono, David G Karlin, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingström, Michel C Koch, Hideki Kondō, Eugene V Koonin, Jarmila Krásová, Mart Krupovic, Kenji Kubota, Ivan V Kuzmin, Lies Laenen, Amy J Lambert, Jiànróng Lǐ, Jun-Min Li, François Lieffrig, Igor S Lukashevich, Dongsheng Luo, Piet Maes, Marco Marklewitz, Sergio H Marshall, Shin-Yi L Marzano, John W McCauley, Ali Mirazimi, Peter G Mohr, Nick J G Moody, Yasuaki Morita, Richard N Morrison, Elke Mühlberger, Rayapati Naidu, Tomohide Natsuaki, José A Navarro, Yutaro Neriya, Sergey V Netesov, Gabriele Neumann, Norbert Nowotny, Francisco M Ochoa-Corona, Gustavo Palacios, Laurane Pallandre, Vicente Pallás, Anna Papa, Sofia Paraskevopoulou, Colin R Parrish, Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa, Janusz T Pawęska, Daniel R Pérez, Florian Pfaff, Richard K Plemper, Thomas S Postler, Françoise Pozet, Sheli R Radoshitzky, Pedro L Ramos-González, Marius Rehanek, Renato O Resende, Carina A Reyes, Víctor Romanowski, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Luisa Rubino, Artemis Rumbou, Jonathan A Runstadler, Melanie Rupp, Sead Sabanadzovic, Takahide Sasaya, Heike Schmidt-Posthaus, Martin Schwemmle, Torsten Seuberlich, Stephen R Sharpe, Mang Shi, Manuela Sironi, Sophie Smither, Jin-Won Song, Kirsten M Spann, Jessica R Spengler, Mark D Stenglein, Ayato Takada, Robert B Tesh, Jana Těšíková, Natalie J Thornburg, Nicole D Tischler, Yasuhiro Tomitaka, Keizō Tomonaga, Noël Tordo, Kenta Tsunekawa, Massimo Turina, Ioannis E Tzanetakis, Anna Maria Vaira, Bernadette van den Hoogen, Bert Vanmechelen, Nikos Vasilakis, Martin Verbeek, Susanne von Bargen, Jiro Wada, Victoria Wahl, Peter J Walker, Anna E Whitfield, John V Williams, Yuri I Wolf, Junki Yamasaki, Hironobu Yanagisawa, Gongyin Ye, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Arnfinn Lodden Økland

Archives of virology 167 ( 12 ) 2857 - 2906 2022年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In March 2022, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by two new families (bunyaviral Discoviridae and Tulasviridae), 41 new genera, and 98 new species. Three hundred forty-nine species were renamed and/or moved. The accidentally misspelled names of seven species were corrected. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-022-05546-z

Natural Cross-Kingdom Spread of Apple Scar Skin Viroid from Apple Trees to Fungi. 査読国際誌

Mengyuan Tian, Shuang Wei, Ruiling Bian, Jingxian Luo, Haris Ahmed Khan, Huanhuan Tai, Hideki Kondo, Ahmed Hadidi, Ida Bagus Andika, Liying Sun

Cells 11 ( 22 ) 2022年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Viroids are the smallest known infectious agents that are thought to only infect plants. Here, we reveal that several species of plant pathogenic fungi that were isolated from apple trees infected with apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) carried ASSVd naturally. This finding indicates the spread of viroids to fungi under natural conditions and further suggests the possible existence of mycoviroids in nature. A total of 117 fungal isolates were isolated from ASSVd-infected apple trees, with the majority (85.5%) being an ascomycete Alternaria&nbsp;alternata and the remaining isolates being other plant-pathogenic or -endophytic fungi. Out of the examined samples, viroids were detected in 81 isolates (69.2%) including A. alternata as well as other fungal species. The phenotypic comparison of ASSVd-free specimens developed by single-spore isolation and ASSVd-infected fungal isogenic lines showed that ASSVd affected the growth and pathogenicity of certain fungal species. ASSVd confers hypovirulence on ascomycete Epicoccum nigrum. The mycobiome analysis of apple tree-associated fungi showed that ASSVd infection did not generally affect the diversity and structure of fungal communities but specifically increased the abundance of Alternaria species. Taken together, these data reveal the occurrence of the natural spread of viroids to plants; additionally, as an integral component of the ecosystem, viroids may affect the abundance of certain fungal species in plants. Moreover, this study provides further evidence that viroid infection could induce symptoms in certain filamentous fungi.

DOI： 10.3390/cells11223686

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Mymonaviridae 2022. 査読国際誌

Dàohóng Jiāng, María A Ayllón, Shin-Yi L Marzano, Hideki Kondō, Massimo Turina, Ictv Report Consortium

The Journal of general virology 103 ( 11 ) 2022年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Typical members of the family Mymonaviridae produce filamentous, enveloped virions containing a single molecule of linear, negative-sense RNA of about about 10 kb, but some may not produce any virions. The family includes several genera, some with multiple species. Mymonavirids usually infect filamentous fungi, but a few have been identified associated with insects, oomycetes or plants. At least one virus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum negative-stranded RNA virus 1, induces hypovirulence in its fungal host. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Mymonaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/mymonaviridae.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001787

Identification of novel totiviruses from the ascomycetous fungus Geotrichum candidum. 査読国際誌

Haris Ahmed Khan, Hideki Kondo, Sabitree Shahi, Muhammad Faraz Bhatti, Nobuhiro Suzuki

Archives of virology 2022年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Mycoviruses are widely distributed across the kingdom Fungi, including ascomycetous yeast strains of the class Saccharomycetes. Geotrichum candidum is an important fungal pathogen belonging to Saccharomycetes and has a diverse host range. Here, we report the characterization of four new classical totiviruses from two distinct Geotrichum candidum strains from Pakistan. The four identified viruses were tentatively named "Geotrichum candidum totivirus 1, 2, 3a, and 3b" (GcTV1-3b). The complete dsRNA genomes of the identified totiviruses are 4621, 4592, 4576, and 4576 bp in length, respectively. All totivirus genomes have two open reading frames, encoding a capsid protein (CP) and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), respectively. The downstream RdRP domain is assumed to be expressed as a CP-RdRP fusion product via -1 frameshifting mediated by a heptameric slippery site. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis showed that each of the discovered viruses belongs to a new species of the genus Totivirus in the family Totiviridae, with GcTV1 and GcTV3 (a and b strains) clustering in one subgroup and GcTV2 in another subgroup.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-022-05611-7

Common but Nonpersistent Acquisitions of Plant Viruses by Plant-Associated Fungi. 査読国際誌

Xinran Cao, Jie Liu, Jianguo Pang, Hideki Kondo, Shengqi Chi, Jianfeng Zhang, Liying Sun, Ida Bagus Andika

Viruses 14 ( 10 ) 2022年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Investigating a virus's host range and cross-infection is important for better understanding the epidemiology and emergence of viruses. Previously, our research group discovered a natural infection of a plant RNA virus, cumber mosaic virus (genus Cucumovirus, family Bromoviridae), in a plant pathogenic basidiomycetous fungus, Rhizoctonia solani, isolated from a potato plant grown in the field. Here, we further extended the study to investigate whether similar cross-infection of plant viruses occurs widely in plant-associated fungi in natural conditions. Various vegetable plants such as spinach, leaf mustard, radish, celery, and other vegetables that showed typical virus-like diseases were collected from the fields in Shandong Province, China. High-throughput sequencing revealed that at least 11 known RNA viruses belonging to different genera, including Potyvirus, Fabavirus, Polerovirus, Waikavirus, and Cucumovirus, along with novel virus candidates belonging to other virus genera, infected or associated with the collected vegetable plants, and most of the leaf samples contained multiple plant viruses. A large number of filamentous fungal strains were isolated from the vegetable leaf samples and subjected to screening for the presence of plant viruses. RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing of the PCR products revealed that among the 169 fungal strains tested, around 50% were carrying plant viruses, and many of the strains harbored multiple plant viruses. The plant viruses detected in the fungal isolates were diverse (10 virus species) and not limited to particular virus genera. However, after prolonged maintenance of the fungal culture in the laboratory, many of the fungal strains have lost the virus. Sequencing of the fungal DNA indicated that most of the fungal strains harboring plant viruses were related to plant pathogenic and/or endophytic fungi belonging to the genera Alternaria, Lecanicillium, and Sarocladium. These observations suggest that the nonpersistent acquisition of plant viruses by fungi may commonly occur in nature. Our findings highlight a possible role for fungi in the life cycle, spread, and evolution of plant viruses.

DOI： 10.3390/v14102279

Novel RNA viruses from the native range of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal fungal agent of ash dieback. 査読国際誌

Wajeeha Shamsi, Hideki Kondo, Sven Ulrich, Daniel Rigling, Simone Prospero

Virus research 320 198901 - 198901 2022年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The native Japanese population of the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback in Europe, was screened for viruses using a high-throughput sequencing method. Five RNA viruses were detected in 116 fungal isolates sequenced via Illumina RNA-seq platform, with an overall virus prevalence of 11.2%. The viruses were completely sequenced by RNA ligase mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RLM-RACE) followed by Sanger sequencing. The sequences appear to represent new species from three established families (Mito-, Endorna- and Partitiviridae), one recognized genus (Botybirnavirus) and a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the order Bunyavirales from the proposed family "Mybuviridae". The highest prevalence was found for the mitovirus (7.8%), that had two genomic forms (linear and circular), while the other viruses were detected each in one isolate. Co-infection of a mitovirus and an endornavirus was also observed in one of the infected isolates. Here we describe the molecular characterization of the identified viruses. This study expands the diversity of viruses in H. fraxineus and provides the basis for investigating the virus-mediated control of ash dieback in Europe.

DOI： 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198901

Three-Layered Complex Interactions among Capsidless (+)ssRNA Yadokariviruses, dsRNA Viruses, and a Fungus 査読国際誌

Yukiyo Sato, Sakae Hisano, Carlos José López-Herrera, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki

mBio 13 ( 5 ) e0168522 2022年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：American Society for Microbiology

A capsidless (+)ssRNA virus YkV1 (family Yadokariviridae ) highjacks the capsid of an unrelated dsRNA virus YnV1 (proposed family “ Yadonushiviridae ”) in a phytopathogenic ascomycete, while YkV1 trans -enhances YnV1 replication. Herein, we identified the dsRNA virus partners of three yadokariviruses (YkV3, YkV4a, and YkV4b) with genome organization different from YkV1 as being different from YnV1 at the suborder level.

DOI： 10.1128/mbio.01685-22

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