Faculty Profiles - EKUNI Daisuke

Papers - EKUNI Daisuke

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Does Instruction of Oral Health Behavior for Workers Improve Work Performance?-Quasi-Randomized Trial. International journal

Naoki Toyama, Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata, Nanami Sawada, Yoshio Sugiura, Daiki Fukuhara, Yoko Uchida, Hisataka Miyai, Aya Yokoi, Shinsuke Mizutani, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita

International journal of environmental research and public health 15 ( 12 ) 2018.11

嚥下機能はオーラルディアドコキネシスと関連する

竹内倫子, 江國大輔, 森田学

日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集 77回 243 - 243 2018.10

Impact of commensal flora on periodontal immune response to lipopolysaccharide. Reviewed International journal

Fukuhara D, Irie K, Uchida Y, Kataoka K, Akiyama K, Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Morita M

Journal of periodontology 89 ( 10 ) 1213 - 1220 2018.10

Impact of commensal flora on periodontal immune response to lipopolysaccharide. International journal

Daiki Fukuhara, Koichiro Irie, Yoko Uchida, Kota Kataoka, Kentaro Akiyama, Daisuke Ekuni, Takaaki Tomofuji, Manabu Morita

Journal of periodontology 89 ( 10 ) 1213 - 1220 2018.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Commensal flora are involved in the appropriate development of the mature immune system. However, it is unclear how commensal flora contribute to immune responses against periodontal pathogens, including the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of immune responses after topical application of LPS in germ-free (GF) and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice. METHODS: GF and SPF mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into four groups each: a baseline group (n = 4/group) and three experimental groups (n = 6/group). Experimental groups received topical application of Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (10 μg/μL) into the palatal gingival sulcus. Sampling was performed before LPS application (baseline) and at 3, 24, or 72 hours after LPS application. The numbers of neutrophils, CD4+ , and CD8+ T cells in periodontal tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Expression of genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, and a transcription factor was determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS: SPF mice, but not GF mice, showed an increased number of CD4+ T cells in the periodontal tissue at 3 hours after LPS application, compared with the number at baseline (p < 0.05). Gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (Tnf-α) and forkhead box protein p3 (Foxp3) was also significantly higher in the SPF mice than in the GF mice at 3 hours after LPS application (p < 0.05). The number of neutrophils peaked at 24 hours in both GF and SPF mice. CONCLUSIONS: LPS-exposed SPF mice exhibited increases in the number of CD4+ T cells and in Tnf-α and Foxp3 gene expression in periodontal tissue compared with LPS-exposed GF mice.

DOI： 10.1002/JPER.17-0567

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Unusual oral mucosal microbiota after hematopoietic cell transplantation with glycopeptide antibiotics: potential association with pathophysiology of oral mucositis. International journal

Misato Muro, Yoshihiko Soga, Tomoko Higuchi, Kota Kataoka, Daisuke Ekuni, Yoshinobu Maeda, Manabu Morita

Folia microbiologica 63 ( 5 ) 587 - 597 2018.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Severe oral mucositis occurs frequently in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Oral mucosal bacteria can be associated with progression of oral mucositis, and systemic infection may occur via ulcerative oral mucositis. However, little information is available regarding the oral microbiota after HCT. Here, PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was performed to characterize the oral mucosal microbiota, which can be affected by antibiotics, before and after HCT. Sixty reduced-intensity HCT patients were enrolled. Three patients with the least antibiotic use (quinolone prophylaxis and/or β-lactam monotherapy group) and three patients with the most antibiotic use (β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group) were selected. Bacterial DNA samples obtained from the oral mucosa before and after HCT were subjected to PCR-DGGE. The trajectory of oral mucositis was evaluated. The oral mucosal microbiota in the β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group was different from that in the quinolone prophylaxis and/or β-lactam monotherapy group, and Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. were identified. Lautropia mirabilis was dominant in one patient. Ulcerative oral mucositis was observed only in the β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group. In conclusion, especially with the use of strong antibiotics, such as glycopeptides, the oral mucosal microbiota differed completely from that under normal conditions and consisted of Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and unexpectedly L. mirabilis. The normal oral microbiota consists not only of bacteria, but these unexpected bacteria could be involved in the pathophysiology as well as systemic infection via oral mucositis. Our results can be used as the basis for future studies in larger patient populations.

DOI： 10.1007/s12223-018-0596-1

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New oral hygiene care regimen reduces postoperative oral bacteria count and number of days with elevated fever in ICU patients with esophageal cancer. Reviewed

Mizuno H, Mizutani S, Ekuni D, Tabata-Taniguchi A, Maruyama T, Yokoi A, Omori C, Shimizu K, Morimatsu H, Shirakawa Y, Morita M

Journal of oral science 60 ( 4 ) 536 - 543 2018.8

Commensal Microbiota Enhance Both Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activities. International journal

Yoko Uchida, Koichiro Irie, Daiki Fukuhara, Kota Kataoka, Takako Hattori, Mitsuaki Ono, Daisuke Ekuni, Satoshi Kubota, Manabu Morita

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 23 ( 7 ) 2018.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Recent studies suggest that the commensal microbiota affects not only host energy metabolism and development of immunity but also bone remodeling by positive regulation of osteoclast activity. However, the mechanism of regulation of bone cells by the commensal microbiota has not been elucidated. In this study, 8-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice were compared in terms of alveolar bones and primary osteoblasts isolated from calvarias. Micro-CT analysis showed that SPF mice had larger body size associated with lower bone mineral density and bone volume fraction in alveolar bones compared with GF mice. Greater numbers of osteoclasts in alveolar bone and higher serum levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b were observed in SPF mice. Tissue extracts from SPF alveolar bone showed higher levels of cathepsin K, indicating higher osteoclast activity. SPF alveolar extracts also showed elevated levels of γ-carboxylated glutamic acid⁻osteocalcin as a marker of mature osteoblasts compared with GF mice. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis of RNA directly isolated from alveolar bone showed that in SPF mice, expression of mRNA of osteocalcin, which also acts as an inhibitor of bone mineralization, was strongly enhanced compared with GF mice. Cultured calvarial osteoblasts from SPF mice showed reduced mineralization but significantly enhanced expression of mRNAs of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, insulin-like growth factor-I/II, and decreased ratio of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand compared with GF mice. Furthermore, PCR array analyses of transcription factors in cultured calvarial osteoblasts showed strongly upregulated expression of Forkhead box g1. In contrast, Gata-binding protein 3 was strongly downregulated in SPF osteoblasts. These results suggest that the commensal microbiota prevents excessive mineralization possibly by stimulating osteocalcin expression in osteoblasts, and enhances both osteoblast and osteoclast activity by regulating specific transcription factors.

DOI： 10.3390/molecules23071517

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Association between intensive health guidance focusing on eating quickly and metabolic syndrome in Japanese middle-aged citizens Reviewed International journal

Daisuke Ekuni, Michiko Furuta, Toshihide Kimura, Naoki Toyama, Daiki Fukuhara, Yoko Uchida, Nanami Sawada, Manabu Morita

Eating and Weight Disorders 25 ( 1 ) 1 - 8 2018.6

Relationship between severity of periodontitis and masseter muscle activity during waking and sleeping hours Reviewed International journal

Seiya Kato, Daisuke Ekuni, Shigehisa Kawakami, Acing Habibie Mude, Manabu Morita, Shogo Minagi

Archives of Oral Biology 90 13 - 18 2018.6

Commensal Microbiota Enhance Both Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activities. Reviewed International journal

Uchida Y, Irie K, Fukuhara D, Kataoka K, Hattori T, Ono M, Ekuni D, Kubota S, Morita M

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 23 ( 7 ) 2018.6

Relationship between severity of periodontitis and masseter muscle activity during waking and sleeping hours. International journal

Seiya Kato, Daisuke Ekuni, Shigehisa Kawakami, Acing Habibie Mude, Manabu Morita, Shogo Minagi

Archives of oral biology 90 13 - 18 2018.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate whether the masseter muscle activity shows any specific pattern in relation to the severity of periodontitis. DESIGN: Sixteen subjects with no or mild periodontitis (NMP group) and 15 subjects with moderate or severe periodontitis (MSP group) were enrolled. Plasma IgG antibody titer was examined using Porphyromonas gingivalis as a bacterial antigen. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the masseter muscles was continuously recorded using an ambulatory surface EMG recording device while patients were awake and asleep. Masseter muscle activity was analyzed using intensities of 5%-10% maximal voluntary clenching (MVC), 10%-20% MVC, and >20% MVC. Furthermore, EMG levels of 20% MVC were adopted as the threshold for analysis of phasic, tonic, and mixed EMG activities. The cumulative duration of masseter muscle activity and bruxism episodes was calculated as duration per hour. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in plasma IgG antibody titers against P. gingivalis between the NMP and MSP groups (p = 0.423). During waking hours, the duration of masseter muscle activity with an intensity of >20% MVC was significantly longer in the MSP group than in the NMP group (p = 0.037). During sleeping hours, the duration of masseter muscle activity at all MVC intensities was significantly longer in the MSP group than in the NMP group (all p < 0.05). Additionally, the duration of phasic and mixed episodes was significantly longer in the MSP group than those in the NMP group while both awake and asleep (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that masseter muscle activity might be related to the severity of periodontitis.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.02.021

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Age-related changes of CD4+ T cell migration and cytokine expression in germ-free and SPF mice periodontium Reviewed International journal

Koichiro Irie, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Daiki Fukuhara, Yoko Uchida, Kota Kataoka, Shuichiro Kobayashi, Takeshi Kikuchi, Akio Mitani, Yoshihiro Shimazaki, Manabu Morita

Archives of Oral Biology 87 72 - 78 2018.3

Age-related changes of CD4+ T cell migration and cytokine expression in germ-free and SPF mice periodontium. International journal

Koichiro Irie, Takaaki Tomofuji, Daisuke Ekuni, Daiki Fukuhara, Yoko Uchida, Kota Kataoka, Shuichiro Kobayashi, Takeshi Kikuchi, Akio Mitani, Yoshihiro Shimazaki, Manabu Morita

Archives of oral biology 87 72 - 78 2018.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: Increasing age is a potential risk factor for periodontal tissue breakdown, which may be affected by commensal flora. The aim of this study evaluated age-related changes in CD4+ T cells, C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), interleukin (IL)-17A, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) expression using germ-free (GF) and conventionally reared (SPF) mice. DESIGN: GF and SPF mice at 8 (n = 6/group) and 22 weeks old (n = 6/group) were used. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the effects of aging on protein expression in periodontal tissues. Age-related changes in alveolar bone were quantified using micro-CT analysis. RESULTS: SPF mice, but not GF mice, showed an age-related increase in alveolar bone loss (P < 0.01). SPF mice at 22 weeks of age increased expression of CD4+ T cells, CCL5, IL-17A, and RANKL compared to those at 8 weeks of age in connective tissue and alveolar bone surface (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there was increased CD4+ T cells, which were co-expressed with IL-17A and RANKL in SPF mice at 22 weeks of age. On the other hand, the GF mice did not show any significant differences in CD4+ T cells, CCL5, IL-17A and RANKL expression between the two age groups. CONCLUSIONS: SPF mice induced an age-related increase in CD4+ T cells co- expressed with IL-17A and RANKL, with occurring alveolar bone loss. In contrast, GF mice did not show age-related changes in CD4+ T cell migration and cytokine expression.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.12.007

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Topical application of ointment containing 0.5% green tea catechins suppresses tongue oxidative stress in 5-fluorouracil administered rats. International journal

Hisataka Miyai, Takayuki Maruyama, Takaaki Tomofuji, Toshiki Yoneda, Tetsuji Azuma, Hirofumi Mizuno, Yoshio Sugiura, Terumasa Kobayashi, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita

Archives of oral biology 82 247 - 255 2017.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of topical application of green tea catechins on tongue oxidative stress induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration in rats. DESIGN: Male Wistar rats (n=28, 8 weeks old) were divided into four groups of seven rats each: a negative control group (saline administration and application of ointment without green tea catechins), a positive control group (5-FU administration and application of ointment without green tea catechins), and two experimental groups (5-FU administration and application of ointment containing 0.1% or 0.5% green tea catechins). Topical application of each ointment to the ventral surface of the tongue was performed once a day for 5days. The level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was determined to evaluate oxidative stress. Fluorescence staining was also performed to confirm nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) translocation to the nucleus. RESULTS: After the experimental period, the ratios of 8-OHdG-positive cells in the ventral tongue tissue were higher in the positive control group than in the negative control group (P<0.05). On the other hand, those in the 0.5% green tea catechin group, but not in the 0.1% green tea catechin group, were lower than the positive control group (P<0.05). In addition, Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus was greater in the 0.5% green tea catechin group than in the positive control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Topical application of ointment containing 0.5% green tea catechins could prevent tongue oxidative stress in 5-FU administered rats, via up-regulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.025

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職域における早食いとメタボリックシンドロームとの関連

横井彩, 江國大輔, 米田俊樹, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 67 ( 3 ) 202 - 202 2017.7

LPSを塗布した歯周組織の免疫応答に対する常在菌の影響

福原大樹, 入江浩一郎, 内田瑶子, 片岡広太, 江國大輔, 友藤孝明, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 67 ( 増刊 ) 108 - 108 2017.4

常在菌が骨芽細胞に与える影響について

内田瑶子, 入江浩一郎, 福原大樹, 片岡広太, 江國大輔, 友藤孝明, 森田学

口腔衛生学会雑誌 67 ( 増刊 ) 106 - 106 2017.4

The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on glycemic control, oxidative stress balance and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. International journal

Hirofumi Mizuno, Daisuke Ekuni, Takayuki Maruyama, Kota Kataoka, Toshiki Yoneda, Daiki Fukuhara, Yoshio Sugiura, Takaaki Tomofuji, Jun Wada, Manabu Morita

PloS one 12 ( 11 ) e0188171 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) levels, oxidative stress balance and quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to no periodontal treatment (simple oral hygiene instructions only). METHODS: The design was a 6-month, single-masked, single center, randomized clinical trial. Patients had both T2DM and chronic periodontitis. Forty participants were enrolled between April 2014 and March 2016 at the Nephrology, Diabetology and Endocrinology Department of Okayama University Hospital. The periodontal treatment group (n = 20) received non-surgical periodontal therapy, including scaling and root planing plus oral hygiene instructions, and consecutive supportive periodontal therapy at 3 and 6 months. The control group (n = 17) received only oral hygiene instructions without treatment during the experimental period. The primary study outcome was the change in HbA1c levels from baseline to 3 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in oxidative stress balance (Oxidative-INDEX), the Diabetes Therapy-Related QOL and clinical periodontal parameters from baseline to 3 months and baseline to 6 months. RESULTS: Changes in HbA1c in the periodontal treatment group were not significantly different with those in the control group at 3 and 6 months. Systemic oxidative stress balance and QOL significantly improved in the periodontal treatment group compared to the control group at 3 months. In the subgroup analysis (moderately poor control of diabetes), the decrease in HbA1c levels in the periodontal treatment group was greater than that in the control group at 3 months but not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In T2DM patients, non-surgical periodontal treatment improved systemic oxidative stress balance and QOL, but did not decrease HbA1c levels at 3 months follow-up. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials UMIN-ICDR UMIN 000013278 (Registered April 1, 2014).

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0188171

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早食いに関する保健指導はメタボリックシンドロームを減少させる

江國大輔, 古田美智子, 友藤孝明, 外山直樹, 谷口綾乃, 竹内真由, 竹内倫子, 森田学

日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集 75回 556 - 556 2016.10

高校生におけるう蝕発症と口腔保健行動との関連性

谷口綾乃, 竹内倫子, 江國大輔, 森田学

日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集 75回 474 - 474 2016.10

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