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論文 - 中村　宜督

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Luteolin suppresses 5-hydroxytryptamine elevation in stimulated RBL-2H3 cells and experimental colitis mice. 査読

Naoko Suga, Akira Murakami, Hideyuki Arimitsu, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoji Kato

Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition 69 ( 1 ) 20 - 27 2021年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Increased 5-hydroxytryptamine may be associated with the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we examined the suppressive effect of flavonoids on the increased intra- and extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in rat mast RBL-2H3 cells, known to produce 5-hydroxytryptamine by the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation. Among the flavonoids examined, luteolin and quercetin significantly reduced the cellular 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration. Gene and protein expression analyses revealed that luteolin significantly suppressed cellular tryptophan hydroxylase 1 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling was also suppressed by luteolin, suggesting that this pathway is one of targets of 5-hydroxytryptamine modulation by luteolin. An in vivo experimental colitis model was prepared by administering 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water to C57BL/6 mice for seven days. The ingestion of 0.1% dietary luteolin suppressed the increasing 5-hydroxytryptamine in the colorectal mucosa. In conclusion, luteolin possesses a suppressive effect on extensive 5-hydroxytryptamine formation in both experimental RBL-2H3 cells and colitis models.

DOI： 10.3164/jcbn.20-192

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Functional Evaluation of the Ethanol Extracts from Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) 査読

Yamada Naofumi, Yamasaki Tsutomu, Yamawaki Kana, Nakagiri Minami, Ito Hideyuki, Nakamura Yoshimasa, Nakanishi Tohru

Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 30 ( 3 ) 291 - 296 2021年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：硬組織再生生物学会

<p>Rosemary is used as an herb in cooking and aromatic oils, and has long been used as a medicinal herb because of its functional components. According to folklore, monks recommended a remedy of rosemary in alcohol ("Hungarian water") to a Hungarian queen suffering from limb numbness, resulting in instant recovery and rejuvenation. This is why the queen married a 20-year-old king of Holland while in her seventies. In order to clarify the "rejuvenation" mechanisms of traditional Hungarian water, we examined the anti-oxidant activity, anti-glycation activity, inhibition of melanin production and suppression of tumor growth of ethanol extracts of rosemary in this study. It was found that the ethanol extract had high anti-oxidant activity, high anti-glycation activity, high inhibition of melanin production and high suppression of tumor cell growth.</p>

DOI： 10.2485/jhtb.30.291

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PREDOMINANT RICE PHYTOCHEMICALS AND THEIR DISEASE-PREVENTIVE EFFECTS

WU Hongyan, NAKAMURA Toshiyuki, NAKAMURA Yoshimasa

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society (Web) 10 ( Supplement ) 1 - 4 2021年

Stomatal response to isothiocyanates in Arabidopsis thaliana. 査読国際誌

Sonya Afrin, Eiji Okuma, Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Md Sarwar Jahan, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Shintaro Munemasa, Yoshiyuki Murata

Journal of experimental botany 71 ( 22 ) 6921 - 6931 2020年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) induces stomatal closure accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and glutathione (GSH) depletion in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, stomatal responses to three other isothiocyanates (ITCs), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), sulforaphane (SFN), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), were investigated in A. thaliana. All these ITCs significantly induced stomatal closure, where PEITC and BITC were most effective. The selected ITCs also induced ROS accumulation, cytosolic alkalization, and GSH depletion in guard cells. Moreover, all ITCs increased the frequency of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]cyt) spikes (transient elevation), while PEITC and BITC showed the highest frequency. There was a strong positive correlation between the number of [Ca2+]cyt spikes per guard cell and the decrease in stomatal aperture. Both cytosolic alkalization and GSH content have a positive correlation with the decrease in stomatal aperture, but ROS production did not have a significant correlation with the decrease in stomatal apertures. These results indicate that the molecules with a functional ITC group induce stomatal closure that is accompanied by GSH depletion, cytosolic alkalization, [Ca2+]cyt spikes, and ROS production, and that the former three cellular events, rather than ROS production, are highly correlated with the decrease in stomatal aperture.

DOI： 10.1093/jxb/eraa420

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Fucoxanthin activities motivate its nano/micro-encapsulation for food or nutraceutical application: a review. 査読国際誌

Chunyan Wang, Xing Chen, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Chenxu Yu, Hang Qi

Food & function 11 ( 11 ) 9338 - 9358 2020年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Fucoxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid abundant in marine brown algae. The potential therapeutic effects of fucoxanthin on tumor intervention have been well documented, which have aroused great interests in utilizing fucoxanthin in functional foods and nutraceuticals. However, the utilization of fucoxanthin as a nutraceutical in food and nutrient supplements is currently limited due to its low water solubility, poor stability, and limited bioaccessibility. Nano/micro-encapsulation is a technology that can overcome these challenges. A systematic review on the recent progresses in nano/micro-delivery systems to encapsulate fucoxanthin in foods or nutraceuticals is warranted. This article starts with a brief introduction of fucoxanthin and the challenges of oral delivery of fucoxanthin. Nano/micro-encapsulation technology is then covered, including materials and strategies for constructing the delivery system. Finally, future prospective has been discussed on properly designed oral delivery systems of fucoxanthin for managing cancer. Natural edible materials such as whey protein, casein, zein, gelatin, and starch have been successfully utilized to fabricate lipid-based, gel-based, or emulsion-based delivery systems, molecular nanocomplexes, and biopolymer nanoparticles with the aid of advanced processing techniques, such as freeze-drying, high pressure homogenization, sonication, anti-solvent precipitation, coacervation, ion crosslinking, ionic gelation, emulsification, and enzymatic conjugation. These formulated nano/micro-capsules have proven to be effective in stabilizing and enhancing the bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin. This review will inspire a surge of multidisciplinary research in a broader community of foods and motivate material scientists and researchers to focus on nano/micro-encapsulated fucoxanthin in order to facilitate the commercialization of orally-deliverable tumor intervention products.

DOI： 10.1039/d0fo02176h

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Exogenous proline enhances antioxidant enzyme activities but does not mitigate growth inhibition by selenate stress in tobacco BY-2 cells. 査読国際誌

Mousumi Khatun, Daiki Matsushima, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Eiji Okuma, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Shintaro Munemasa, Yoshiyuki Murata

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 84 ( 11 ) 2281 - 2292 2020年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Selenium (Se) causes oxidative damage to plants. Proline is accumulated as a compatible solute in plants under stress conditions and mitigates stresses. Selenate at 250 µM increased cell death and inhibited the growth of tobacco BY-2 cells while exogenous proline at 10 mM did not mitigate the inhibition by selenate. Selenate increased accumulation of Se and ROS and activities of antioxidant enzymes but not lipid peroxidation in the BY-2 cells. Proline increased Se accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities but not either ROS accumulation or lipid peroxidation in the selenate-stressed cells. Glutathione (GSH) rather than ascorbic acid (AsA) mitigated the growth inhibition although both reduced the accumulation of ROS induced by selenate. These results indicate that proline increases both antioxidant enzyme activities and Se accumulation, which overall fails to ameliorate the growth inhibition by selenate and that the growth inhibition is not accounted for only by ROS accumulation. Abbreviations: APX: ascorbate peroxidase; AsA: ascorbic acid; BY-2: Bright Yellow-2; CAT: catalase; DAI: days after inoculation; DW: dry weight; FW: fresh weight; GSH: glutathione; ROS: reactive oxygen species.

DOI： 10.1080/09168451.2020.1799747

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Inhibition of Drug Resistance Mechanisms Improves the Benzyl Isothiocyanate–Induced Anti-Proliferation in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells 招待査読

Xiaoyang Liu, Qifu Yang, Yoshimasa Nakamura

Current Pharmacology Reports 6 ( 5 ) 306 - 314 2020年10月

Reactive carbonyl species mediate methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure. 査読

Md Moshiul Islam, Wenxiu Ye, Fahmida Akter, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Daiki Matsushima, Shintaro Munemasa, Eiji Okuma, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Md Sanaullah Biswas, Jun'ichi Mano, Yoshiyuki Murata

Plant & cell physiology 61 ( 10 ) 1788 - 1797 2020年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a key signal event for methyl jasmonate (MeJA)- and abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. We recently showed that reactive carbonyl species (RCS) stimulates stomatal closure as an intermediate downstream of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in the ABA signaling pathway in guard cells of Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we examined whether RCS functions as an intermediate downstream of H2O2 production in MeJA signaling in guard cells using transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing A. thaliana 2-alkenal reductase (n-alkanal + NAD(P)+ ⇌ 2-alkenal + NAD(P)H + H+) (AER-OE tobacco) and Arabidopsis plants. The stomatal closure induced by MeJA was impaired in the AER-OE tobacco and was inhibited by RCS scavengers, carnosine and pyridoxamine, in the wild-type (WT) tobacco plants and Arabidopsis plants. Application of MeJA significantly induced accumulation of RCS including acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal in the WT tobacco but not in the AER-OE plants. Application of MeJA induced H2O2 production in the WT tobacco and the AER-OE plants and the H2O2 production was not inhibited by the RCS scavengers. These results suggest that RCS functions as an intermediate downstream of ROS production in MeJA signaling as well as in ABA signaling in guard cells.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcaa107

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Interaction of intracellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation with nitric oxide production in abscisic acid signaling in guard cells. 査読国際誌

Rayhanur Jannat, Takanori Senba, Daichi Muroyama, Misugi Uraji, Mohammad Anowar Hossain, Mohammad Muzahidul Islam, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Shintaro Munemasa, Izumi C Mori, Yoshiyuki Murata

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 84 ( 7 ) 1418 - 1426 2020年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO•) concomitantly play essential roles in guard cell signaling. Studies using catalase mutants have revealed that the inducible and constitutive elevations of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have different roles: only the inducible H2O2 production transduces the abscisic acid (ABA) signal leading stomatal closure. However, the involvement of inducible or constitutive NO• productions, if exists, in this process remains unknown. We studied H2O2 and NO• mobilization in guard cells of catalase mutants. Constitutive H2O2 level was higher in the mutants than that in wild type, but constitutive NO• level was not different among lines. Induced NO• and H2O2 levels elicited by ABA showed a high correlation with each other in all lines. Furthermore, NO• levels increased by exogenous H2O2 also showed a high correlation with stomatal aperture size. Our results demonstrate that ABA-induced intracellular H2O2 accumulation triggers NO• production leading stomatal closure. ABBREVIATIONS: ABA: abscisic acid; CAT: catalase; cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate; DAF-2DA: 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2 diacetate; H2DCF-DA: 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; MeJA: methyljasmonate; NOS: nitric oxide synthetase; NR: nitrate reductase; POX: peroxidase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SNAP: S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine; SNP: sodium nitroprusside; NOX: NADP(H) oxidase.

DOI： 10.1080/09168451.2020.1743168

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Inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening by allyl isothiocyanate does not require guard cell cytosolic Ca2+ signaling. 査読国際誌

Wenxiu Ye, Eigo Ando, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Eiji Okuma, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Toshinori Kinoshita, Yoshiyuki Murata

Journal of experimental botany 71 ( 10 ) 2922 - 2932 2020年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The glucosinolate-myrosinase system is a well-known defense system that has been shown to induce stomatal closure in Brassicales. Isothiocyanates are highly reactive hydrolysates of glucosinolates, and an isothiocyanate, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), induces stomatal closure accompanied by elevation of free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in Arabidopsis. It remains unknown whether AITC inhibits light-induced stomatal opening. This study investigated the role of Ca2+ in AITC-induced stomatal closure and inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening. AITC induced stomatal closure and inhibited light-induced stomatal opening in a dose-dependent manner. A Ca2+ channel inhibitor, La3+, a Ca2+chelator, EGTA, and an inhibitor of Ca2+ release from internal stores, nicotinamide, inhibited AITC-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevation and stomatal closure, but did not affect inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening. AITC activated non-selective Ca2+-permeable cation channels and inhibited inward-rectifying K+ (K+in) channels in a Ca2+-independent manner. AITC also inhibited stomatal opening induced by fusicoccin, a plasma membrane H+-ATPase activator, but had no significant effect on fusicoccin-induced phosphorylation of the penultimate threonine of H+-ATPase. Taken together, these results suggest that AITC induces Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ release to elevate [Ca2+]cyt, which is essential for AITC-induced stomatal closure but not for inhibition of K+in channels and light-induced stomatal opening.

DOI： 10.1093/jxb/eraa073

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The Myrosinases TGG1 and TGG2 Function Redundantly in Reactive Carbonyl Species Signaling in Arabidopsis Guard Cells. 査読

Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Shintaro Munemasa, Yoshiyuki Murata

Plant & cell physiology 61 ( 5 ) 967 - 977 2020年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Myrosinase (β-thioglucoside glucohydrolase, enzyme nomenclature, EC 3.2.1.147, TGG) is a highly abundant protein in Arabidopsis guard cells, of which TGG1 and TGG2 function redundantly in abscisic acid (ABA)- and methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, which function downstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the ABA signalling pathway in guard cells. Among the RCS, acrolein is the most highly reactive, which is significantly produced in ABA-treated guard cells. To clarify the ABA signal pathway downstream of ROS production, we investigated the responses of tgg mutants (tgg1-3, tgg2-1 and tgg1-3 tgg2-1) to acrolein. Acrolein induced stomatal closure and triggered cytosolic alkalization in wild type (WT), tgg1-3 single mutants and in tgg2-1 single mutants, but not in tgg1-3 tgg2-1 double mutants. Exogenous Ca2+ induced stomatal closure and cytosolic alkalization not only in WT but also in all of the mutants. Acrolein- and Ca2+-induced stomatal closures were inhibited by an intracellular acidifying agent, butyrate, a Ca2+ chelator, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and a Ca2+ channel blocker, LaCl3. Acrolein induced cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation in guard cells of WT plants but not in the tgg1-3 tgg2-1 double mutants. Exogenous Ca2+ elicited [Ca2+]cyt elevation in guard cells of WT and tgg1-3 tgg2-1. Our results suggest that TGG1 and TGG2 function redundantly, not between ROS production and RCS production, but downstream of RCS production in the ABA signal pathway in Arabidopsis guard cells.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcaa024

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Salicylic acid receptor NPR1 is involved in guard cell chitosan signaling. 査読国際誌

Yeasin Prodhan, Mohammad Issak, Shintaro Munemasa, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Murata

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 84 ( 5 ) 963 - 969 2020年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Chitosan (CHT) induces stomatal closure and thus plays a crucial role in plants to adapt to the adverse environments. Our previous results of a SA-deficient mutant nahG suggest that endogenous salicylic acid (SA) is involved in the CHT signaling in guard cells. Here in order to make the involvement definite, we examined stomatal responses to CHT of another SA-deficient mutant, sid2, and an SA receptor mutant, npr1-3. The sid2 mutation impaired CHT-induced stomatal closure and reactive oxygen species production and both impairments were complemented with exogenous SA application. Moreover, the CHT-induced stomatal closure is disrupted in the npr1-3 mutant. These results suggest that endogenous SA is involved in the CHT-induced stomatal closure via the SA receptor, NPR1.Abbreviations: SA: salicylic acid; ABA: abscisic acid; ROS: reactive oxygen species; NPR1: nonexpresser of pathogenesis-related genes1; CHT: chitosan; DAB: 3,3'-diaminobenzidine.

DOI： 10.1080/09168451.2020.1718485

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Synthesis and characterization of conductive flexible cellulose carbon nanohorn sheets for human tissue applications. 査読国際誌

Karthik Paneer Selvam, Taichi Nagahata, Kosuke Kato, Mayuko Koreishi, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Takeshi Nishikawa, Ayano Satoh, Yasuhiko Hayashi

Biomaterials research 24 18 - 18 2020年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Background: Conductive sheets of cellulose and carbon nanomaterials and its human skin applications are an interesting research aspect as they have potential for applications for skin compatibility. Hence it is needed to explore the effects and shed light on these applications. Method: To fabricate wearable, portable, flexible, lightweight, inexpensive, and biocompatible composite materials, carbon nanohorns (CNHs) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) were used as precursors to prepare CNH-HEC (Cnh-cel) composite sheets. Cnh-cel sheets were prepared with different loading concentrations of CNHs (10, 20 50,100 mg) in 200 mg cellulose. To fabricate the bio-compatible sheets, a pristine composite of CNHs and HEC was prepared without any pretreatment of the materials. Results: The obtained sheets possess a conductivity of 1.83 × 10- 10 S/m and bio-compatible with human skin. Analysis for skin-compatibility was performed for Cnh-cel sheets by h-CLAT in vitro skin sensitization tests to evaluate the activation of THP-1 cells. It was found that THP-1 cells were not activated by Cnh-cel; hence Cnh-cel is a safe biomaterial for human skin. It was also found that the composite allowed only a maximum loading of 100 mg to retain the consistent geometry of free-standing sheets of < 100 μm thickness. Since CNHs have a unique arrangement of aggregates (dahlia structure), the composite is homogeneous, as verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and other functional properties investigated by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), conductivity measurement, tensile strength measurement, and skin sensitization. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cellulose and CNHs sheets are conductive and compatible to human skin applications.

DOI： 10.1186/s40824-020-00194-3

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Isolation and identification of zinc-chelating peptides from sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) protein hydrolysate. 査読

Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Song L, Li D, Wu Z, Zhu B, Nakamura Y, Shahidi F, Yu C, Zhou D

Journal of the science of food and agriculture 99 ( 14 ) 6400 - 6407 2019年11月

Dynamics of the Cellular Metabolism of Leptosperin Found in Manuka Honey. 査読国際誌

Yoji Kato, Masaki Kawai, Shota Kawai, Yayako Okano, Natsumi Rokkaku, Akari Ishisaka, Kaeko Murota, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Shinichi Ikushiro

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 67 ( 39 ) 10853 - 10862 2019年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Leptosperin (methyl syringate β-d-gentiobioside) is abundantly found in manuka honey, which is widely used because of its antibacterial and possible anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular mechanism underlying the metabolism of leptosperin. Five phytochemicals (leptosperin, methyl syringate (MSYR), glucuronate conjugate of MSYR (MSYR-GA), sulfonate conjugate of MSYR (MSYR-S), and syringic acid (SYR)) were separately incubated with HepG2 and Caco-2 cells. After incubation, we found that the concentration of MSYR decreased, whereas the concentrations of SYR, MSYR-GA, and MSYR-S increased. By profiling with inhibitors and carboxylesterases (CES1, 2), we found that the conversion from MSYR to SYR was mediated by CES1. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells restored MSYR-GA to MSYR possibly by the secreted β-glucuronidase. All of the mice administered with leptosperin, MSYR, or manuka honey showed higher MSYR (13.84 ± 11.51, 14.29 ± 9.19, or 6.66 ± 2.30 nM) and SYR (1.85 ± 0.66, 6.01 ± 1.20, or 8.16 ± 3.10 nM) levels in the plasma compared with that of the vehicle controls (3.33 ± 1.45 (MSYR) and 1.85 ± 0.66 (SYR) nM). The findings of our study indicate that the unique metabolic pathways of these compounds may account for possible functionalities of manuka honey.

DOI： 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03894

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Ethylene Inhibits Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Stomatal Closure by Modulating Guard Cell Slow-Type Anion Channel Activity via the OPEN STOMATA 1/SnRK2.6 Kinase-Independent Pathway in Arabidopsis. 査読

Munemasa S, Hirao Y, Tanami K, Mimata Y, Nakamura Y, Murata Y

Plant & cell physiology 60 ( 10 ) 2263 - 2271 2019年10月

Zinc-Chelating Mechanism of Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicus)-Derived Synthetic Peptides 査読

Xiaoyang Liu, Zixu Wang, Fawen Yin, Yuxin Liu, Ningbo Qin, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Fereidoon Shahidi, Chenxu Yu, Dayong Zhou, Beiwei Zhu

Marine Drugs 17 ( 8 ) 2019年7月

Reactive carbonyl species function as signal mediators downstream of H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> production and regulate [Ca²⁺]<inf>cyt</inf> elevation in ABA signal pathway in Arabidopsis guard cells 査読

Md Moshiul Islam, Wenxiu Ye, Daiki Matsushima, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Shintaro Munemasa, Eiji Okuma, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Md Sanaullah Biswas, Jun'ichi Mano, Yoshiyuki Murata

Plant and Cell Physiology 60 ( 5 ) 1146 - 1159 2019年5月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. We have demonstrated that reactive carbonyl species (RCS) function as an intermediate downstream of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling for stomatal closure in guard cells using transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing alkenal reductase. We investigated the conversion of the RCS production into downstream signaling events in the guard cells. Both ABA and H2O2 induced production of the RCS, such as acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal (HNE), in epidermal tissues of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Application of the RCS scavengers, carnosine and pyridoxamine, did not affect the ABA-induced H2O2 production but inhibited the ABA- and H2O2-induced stomatal closure. Both acrolein and HNE induced stomatal closure in a plasma membrane NAD(P)H oxidase mutant atrbohD atrbohF as well as in the wild type, but not in a calcium-dependent kinase mutant cpk6. Acrolein activated plasma membrane Ca2+-permeable cation channels, triggered cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation, and induced stomatal closure accompanied by depletion of glutathione in the guard cells. These results suggest that RCS production is a signaling event between the ROS production and [Ca2+]cyt elevation during guard cell ABA signaling.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcz031

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Covalent modification of phosphatidylethanolamine by benzyl isothiocyanate and the resultant generation of ethanolamine adduct as its metabolite. 査読国際誌

Nakamura T, Hirakawa M, Nakamura Y, Ishisaka A, Kitamoto N, Murakami A, Kato Y

Chemical research in toxicology 32 ( 4 ) 638 - 644 2019年2月

The Golgin Protein Giantin Regulates Interconnections Between Golgi Stacks. 査読国際誌

Ayano Satoh, Mitsuko Hayashi-Nishino, Takuto Shakuno, Junko Masuda, Mayuko Koreishi, Runa Murakami, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Naomi Abe-Kanoh, Yasuko Honjo, Joerg Malsam, Sidney Yu, Kunihiko Nishino

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 7 ( AUG ) 160 - 160 2019年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Golgins are a family of Golgi-localized long coiled-coil proteins. The major golgin function is thought to be the tethering of vesicles, membranes, and cytoskeletal elements to the Golgi. We previously showed that knockdown of one of the longest golgins, Giantin, altered the glycosylation patterns of cell surfaces and the kinetics of cargo transport, suggesting that Giantin maintains correct glycosylation through slowing down transport within the Golgi. Giantin knockdown also altered the sizes and numbers of mini Golgi stacks generated by microtubule de-polymerization, suggesting that it maintains the independence of individual Golgi stacks. Therefore, it is presumed that Golgi stacks lose their independence following Giantin knockdown, allowing easier and possibly increased transport among stacks and abnormal glycosylation. To gain structural insights into the independence of Golgi stacks, we herein performed electron tomography and 3D modeling of Golgi stacks in Giantin knockdown cells. Compared with control cells, Giantin-knockdown cells had fewer and smaller fenestrae within each cisterna. This was supported by data showing that the diffusion rate of Golgi membrane proteins is faster in Giantin-knockdown Golgi, indicating that Giantin knockdown structurally and functionally increases connectivity among Golgi cisternae and stacks. This increased connectivity suggests that contrary to the cis-golgin tether model, Giantin instead inhibits the tether and fusion of nearby Golgi cisternae and stacks, resulting in transport difficulties between stacks that may enable the correct glycosylation of proteins and lipids passing through the Golgi.

DOI： 10.3389/fcell.2019.00160

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