研究者詳細 - 豊田　啓孝

MISC - 豊田　啓孝

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A Simulation Method for EM Radiation from Power/Ground Plane of PCB by Using a Power Current Model, Vol.J86-B,No.2, pp.226-235

TAKAYAMA Keisuke, KINOSHITA Tomohiro, MATSUISHI Takuya, MATSUNAGA Shigeki, WANG Zhi Liang, TOYOTA Yoshitaka, WADA Osami, KOGA Ryuji, FUKUMOTO Yukihiro, SHIBATA Osamu

IEICE transactions on communications 86 ( 2 ) 887 - 887 2003年2月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

High-frequency currents flowing from power terminals of an IC/LSI onto power/ground planes of a digital printed circuit board can generate a great amount of electromagnetic noise. A powercurrent model of an IC/LSI for EMI simulation was proposed in our previous studies. A high-speed simulation algorithm of EM radiation due to resonance of the power/ground planes in a PCB was also developed. This paper describes the mechanism and quantitative effect of reducing high frequency currents on power/ground terminals by embedding a decoupling inductor and/or a bypass capacitor in an IC/LSI package. Furthermore, the internal decoupling effect on suppressing EMI radiated from the board is verified in both the simulations and measurements.

Multipath structure for FSR expansion in waveguide-based optical ring resonator

IS Hidayat, Y Toyota, O Torigoe, O Wada, R Koga

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 39 ( 4 ) 366 - 367 2003年2月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEE-INST ELEC ENG

A multipath structure of a ring resonator is proposed to expand the free spectral range. Simulation work indicates that the multipath ring resonator has 25 GHz-adjacent-channel crosstalk of -41 dB, maximum interchannel crosstalk of - 18 dB, and -1 dB bandwidth of 4 GHz for a typical expansion factor of 10. The results show the advantages of characteristics compared with a double-cavity ring resonator and a triple-coupler ring resonator.

DOI： 10.1049/el:20030276

LSIの電源端子電流モデルのEMIシミュレーションへの適用

高山惠介, 木下智博, 松石拓也, 松永茂樹, 王志良, 豊田啓孝, 和田修己, 古賀隆治, 福本幸弘, 柴田修

電子情報通信学会論文誌B 2003年

Aerosol Extinction Coefficient Continuously Measured with Polarized Mie Scattering Lidar

Kengo Iokibe, Yoshitaka Toyota, Osami Wada, Ryuji Koga

Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Vol.37, No.2, pp.89-97 ( 2 ) 89 - 97 2003年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University

Aerosol extinction coefficients of clouds and dust were continuously measured in the year of 2002 with a polarized Mie-scattering lidar controlled by an automatic and remotely operating system utilizing internet services. Measured cloud extinctions were greater than 1.0 km(-1) below the altitude 6 km, 0.17 - 1.0 km(-1) between 6 and 10 km, and 0.091 - 0.3 km(-1) beyond 10km. Extinction of dust were 0.10 and 0.20 km(-1) for Asian dust and 0.057 km(-1) for urban dust.

黄砂の観測を目的としたインターネットシステム上のレーザレーダ運用

古賀隆治, 五百旗頭健吾, 伊藤嘉則, 白川紘之, 豊田啓孝, 和田修己

計測自動制御学会中国支部学術講演会論文集 12th 2003年

レーザーレーダーシステムの受信望遠鏡における矩形視野絞りの効果

後藤孝規, 五百旗頭健吾, 豊田啓孝, 和田修己, 古賀隆治

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. OPE, 光エレクトロニクス 102 ( 448 ) 73 - 78 2002年11月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

Mie散乱を利用するレーザーレーダーシステムへの矩形視野絞り導入を検討した。従来の円形視野絞りに比べ、矩形視野絞りは多重散乱および背景光の低減が期待できる。結果として、測定結果の物理的解釈および信号対雑音比についての信頼性が高まると考えている。ここでは矩形視野絞りによる多重散乱光および背景光低減の効果を計算により求め、さらに矩形視野絞りを実際にシステムに組み込んで観測を行い、その効果について検討した結果を述べる。

複数の伝搬経路を有する光機能デバイスの経路伝搬時間を考慮した時間応答解析

一馬聡, 豊田啓孝, Syarif Hidayat Iip, 和田修己, 古賀隆治

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. OPE, 光エレクトロニクス 102 ( 448 ) 67 - 72 2002年11月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

光機能デバイスの研究・開発が進み、複数の伝搬経路を持つ光機能デバイスが種々研究されている。我々は複数経路を持つ光機能デバイスとして2重リング型光共振器の特性解析を行っている。これは2重リング構造をとっているため、内側リング導波路と外側リング導波路間の光路差のため伝搬時間に差が生じる。このような光路差により生じる伝搬遅延時間を考慮した解析手法を提案し、検討を行ったので報告する。この計算手法の妥当性を検討するため、これまで用いてきた信号流れ図手法との計算結果と比較した。その結果、定常状態解析において計算結果がほぼ一致することを確認し、手法の妥当性を確かめた。また、この計算手法を用いて変調器の解析も行えることを示した。

IC電源系モデリングのためのドライバ負荷依存特性の検討

木下智博, 大坂英樹, 和田修己, 豊田啓孝, 古賀隆治

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. EMCJ, 環境電磁工学 102 ( 25 ) 25 - 30 2002年4月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

筆者らが提案したデジタルプリント回路基板のEMIシミュレーションのためのデバイスマクロモデルについて議論する.CMOS-IC/LSIの電源系高周波電流を表すモデルをI/O部を含む電源系モデルに拡張するために,内部インピーダンスおよび電源電流の負荷依存性を実測結果に基づき議論する.まず電源/グランド間インピーダンスについて,出力HiおよびLowの状態ごとに負荷容量依存性の違いを示した.次に,出力立ち上がり位ち下がり時の電源電流スペクトルの負荷容量依存性は,出力HiおよびLow状態のインピーダンスに対応していることを述べた.さらに,入力信号のDuty比による電流の変化は見かけのインピーダンス変化と直接の相関がないことを示した.

Pulse Timing Control of Multiple Signal Interconnections for Reduction of EMI

Akihiro NAMBA, Yoshitaka TOYOTA, Osami WADA, Ryuji KOGA

MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY 37 ( 1 ) 51 - 60 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University

This paper presents pulse timing control method to reduce electromagnetic emission from multiple signal interconnections. Pulse timing control gives intentional skew between signals. Higher order harmonics are canceled because of the difference of the phase between the signals. Using this property, pulse timing control can reduce the EMI in wide frequency range. In this paper, we show that radiated electromagnetic field from multiple signal lines reduces its intensity to the same level of the field from one line by using pulse timing control. The result of measurementshows that EMI from four differential transmission lines can be reduced more than 9 dB in the 200 MHz to 800 MHz frequency range.

Experimental Verification of Common-Mode Excitation Model for PCB Having Partially Narrow Return Path

Tetsushi Watanabe, Osami Wada, Ryuji Koga, Yoshitaka Toyota, Takuya Miyashita

MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY 36 ( 2 ) 83 - 89 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University

Suppression of common-mode current is important to achieve electromagnetic compatibility of high-speed and high-density electronic circuits. The authors have focused on the common mode current flowing on a printed circuit board (PCB) to explain the excitation mechanism. A narrow ground pattern in microstrip structure excites common-mode current. In the previous paper, the authors explained the mechanism of common mode generation by means of "current division factor" for simple PCBs. The estimated radiation from a simple PCB agreed well with measured one. In this paper, the authors extend the theory to be applied to generalize ground structure. The validity of the theory is confirmed by comparing the measured radiation and the estimated value using the common-mode model for a test PCB. The estimated radiation agrees well with the measured one within 3 dB up to 900 MHz.

Application of segmentation method to analysis of power/ground plane resonance in multilayer PCBs

ZL Wang, O Wada, Y Toyota, R Koga

2002 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY 775 - 778 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEEE

The fast algorithm developed for calculating the resonant characteristics of the power/ground planes in multilayer PCBs, is extented to the case of that the pattern of the power/ground planes consists of several "segments" of rectangles, using the so-called sec,mentation method. Good agreements between the calculated and measured results have demonstrated the usefulness and accuracy of our fast algorithm and the segmantation method.

DOI： 10.1109/ELMAGC.2002.1177545

Application of Transfer Matrix Method with Signal Flow-Chart to Analyze OpticalMulti-Path Ring-Resonator

Iip Syarif Hidayat, Yoshitaka Toyota, Osamu Torigoe, Osami Wada, Ryuji Koga

MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY 36 ( 2 ) 73 - 82 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University

A multi-path ring-resonator (MPRR) was proposed to extend FSR of ring resonator. However, it is complicated to analyze the MPRR by using well-known analysis techniques such as scattering matrix or other numerical methods. This paper describes procedure for deriving transfer matrix by means of signal flow-chart to analyze the MPRR. We do not need complicated calculation for steady state analysis because transfer matrix elements are formulated clearly. As a result, The calcultaion time in this method can be reduced 1/3 to 1/20 times compared with using scattering matirx method. Furthermore, a transmittance characteristics of the MPRR at FSR extension-factor of 10 will also be shown. This suggests that analysis of other types of the MPRR by using this method can be performed simply and take a shorter time.

Analytical simulation of radiated emission from power bus noise on PCB with linear macro-model of IC/LSI

Osami Wada, Zhi Liang Wang, Yukihiro Fukumoto, Yoshitaka Toyota, Ryuji Koga

XXVIth General Assembly of the International Union of Radio Science(URSI) 2002年

Analysis of Cascade Microring-Resonator Type of Interleave Filter

Iip Syarif Hidayat, Yoshitaka Toyota, Osami Wada, Ryuji Koga

Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC 2002) 2002年

Estimation of common-mode EMI caused by a signal line in the vicinity of ground edge on a PCB

T Watanabe, O Wada, Y Toyota, R Koga

2002 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, VOLS 1 AND 2, SYMPOSIUM RECORD 113 - 118 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEEE

The authors have developed an estimation method of common mode radiation from a PCB. A parameter named 'current division factor' explains a generation mechanism of the common mode. Rigorous analysis, instead of rough approximation, is required to calculate the factor for an asymmetric structure. A 2-dimentional static electric field analysis by the boundary, element method (BEM) is applied to this calculation, which requires less time than 3-dimentional simulations. EMI increases when the signal line comes close to the edge of ground pattern. The effect is evaluated with the simulation of the factor. The estimation agrees well with measurement within 1 dB.

Radiated emission analysis of power bus noise by using a power current model of an LSI

Y Fukumoto, O Shibata, K Takayama, T Kinoshita, ZL Wang, Y Toyota, O Wada, R Koga

2002 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY, VOLS 1 AND 2, SYMPOSIUM RECORD 1037 - 1042 2002年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEEE

In this paper a power current model of an LSI, which was proposed at the last Symposium [5][6], was used for analysis of radiated emissions. The simulated radiation noise was compared with measurements by using an evaluation module that emulates an LSI. The simulation results showed good agreement with the measurement results. The effects of adding an internal decoupling capacitance and/or internal decoupling inductance to an LSI were also evaluated.

岡山・福山における偏光ライダーによる対流圏同時観測

五百旗頭健吾, 香川直己, 豊田啓孝, 和田修己, 古賀隆治

応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集 63rd ( 3 ) 2002年

FSR拡大のための2重リング構造光リング共振器の特性解析

豊田啓孝, Hidayat Iip Syarif, 鳥越収, 一馬聡, 和田修己, 古賀隆治

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. OPE, 光エレクトロニクス 101 ( 504 ) 37 - 42 2001年12月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

光リング共振器は一定間隔のFSRを持つことから、WDMシステム用合分波器としての利用が考えられる。WDMでは、合分波器が加えたり、取り出したりする波長数は帯域内で1でなければならない。光リング共振器のFSRはリング径と逆比例の関係にあるため広いFSRには小さなリング径が必要であるが、反対に放射損が増大する。そこで、2重リング構造を採用することでこの問題解決を試みた。解析には伝達行列と信号流れ図手法を用い、計算の簡単化を行った。外部との入出力位置を変えて計算を行った結果、元の20倍の4THz以上までFSRを拡大することができた。さらに実デバイスとして、内側リングと外側リングに一つずつ入出力導波路が存在する混在型が有効であることを示した。

A simple method for measuring the relative permittivity of printed circuit board materials

A Namba, S Wada, Y Toyota, Y Fukumoto, ZL Wang, R Koga, T Miyashita, T Watanabe

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY 43 ( 4 ) 515 - 519 2001年11月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC

This paper presents a simple method to measure the relative permittivity of glass-epoxy printed circuit boards (PCBS). In this method, relative permittivity as a function of frequency is measured using an actual PCB. In order to estimate relative permittivity, the reflection coefficient is measured with a network analyzer. Relative permittivity is calculated by observing the frequencies of the resonant cavity modes. We show that the relative permittivity of a FR-4 sample decreases from 4.3 to 4.2 at frequencies from 300 MHz to 2 GHz.

DOI： 10.1109/15.974630

Power current model of LSI/IC containing equivalent internal impedance for EMI analysis of digital circuits

Y Fukumoto, Y Takahata, O Wada, Y Toyota, T Miyashita, R Koga

IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS E84B ( 11 ) 3041 - 3049 2001年11月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：IEICE-INST ELECTRONICS INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS ENG

This paper investigates a device model of the power current used for an LSI/IC. The model is proposed to analyze the power bus noise in digital circuit boards. This model is defined in the frequency domain and constructed with an equivalent internal impedance and an equivalent internal current source. Accordingly, the output current of the model is affected by power bus impedance, such as the capacitance of bypass capacitors and the parasitic inductance of power bus wiring. Therefore, the model is useful for analyzing the effectiveness of bypass capacitors and power bus wiring. The structure of equivalent internal impedance for a simple logic IC, such as 74HCXX, can be represented as an RLC series circuit. These parameters are identified by applying the least square method. To demonstrate the validity of the model, an experimental study was conducted. As a result, it was shown that the output current of the model corresponds to the measured current under a variety of power bus impedance levels within 6 dB.

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