Faculty Profiles - KAWANO Seiji

Papers - KAWANO Seiji

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[Zinc acetate-associated gastric lesions:a case report].

Masaya Iwamuro, Yoshiyasu Kono, Takehiro Tanaka, Kenta Hamada, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology 119 ( 9 ) 853 - 857 2022

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

An 82-year-old Japanese man underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for postprandial epigastric discomfort. The patient was diagnosed with hypozincemia with a serum zinc level of 63μg/dL (normal range:80-130μg/dL), and he had commenced oral intake of zinc acetate 1 month before the esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopy showed erosions with white-coated mucosa surface adhesions and erythema on the lesser curvature of the gastric body. Moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma was suspected based on the biopsy examination findings;therefore, he was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment. A repeat endoscopy showed two erosions with white-coated mucosa surface adhesion and erythema on the lesser curvature of the gastric body. However, the lesion location was different from that detected in the initial endoscopy. The biopsy showed no neoplastic changes. Therefore, based on the endoscopic findings and history of oral zinc acetate administration, we diagnosed the gastric mucosal injury as zinc acetate-associated gastric lesions. The cessation of zinc acetate intake resulted in the resolution of gastric lesions. Reassessment of the biopsy specimen from the initial endoscopy revealed erosions, epithelial cells showing infarct-like necrosis, degenerative atypical cells, and necrotic substances, which were misdiagnosed as neoplastic changes. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the typical endoscopic features of a zinc acetate-associated gastric lesion to enable its prompt diagnosis during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

DOI： 10.11405/nisshoshi.119.853

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Scoring systems for differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors and schwannomas from leiomyomas in the stomach. International journal

Shotaro Okanoue, Masaya Iwamuro, Takehiro Tanaka, Takuya Satomi, Kenta Hamada, Hiroyuki Sakae, Makoto Abe, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Medicine 100 ( 40 ) e27520 2021.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

ABSTRACT: There is no practical predictive model for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). To establish a practical predictive model for the diagnosis of subepithelial lesions in the stomach, we reviewed patients with GISTs (n = 89), schwannomas (n = 7), and leiomyomas (n = 28).The tumor was more frequently found along the gastric cardia in the leiomyoma group (57.1%) than in the GIST/schwannoma group (2.1%, P < .01). Contrast enhancement (57.3% vs 0%, P < .01) and intra-tumoral necrosis (34.4% vs 0.0%, P < .01) were more frequently observed in the GIST/schwannoma group than in the leiomyoma group. On endoscopic ultrasonography, 58.3% of GISTs/schwannomas showed uneven echogenicity, whereas the echogenicity was uneven in 21.4% of leiomyomas (P < .01). There were no differences between the tumor color and the presence or absence of ulcer formation, tumor bleeding, irregularity of the tumor margin, cystic spaces, and hyperechoic spots between the 2 groups. Based on these results, we developed a 2-step diagnostic algorithm for GISTs/schwannomas. The first step comprises 1 endoscopic feature: a cardiac or non-cardiac location. Tumors with a cardiac location were judged as leiomyomas and those with a non-cardiac location were judged as GISTs/schwannomas, with 96.9% sensitivity and 57.1% specificity for GIST/schwannoma diagnosis. The second step comprises a combination of endoscopic (non-cardiac location), radiologic (positive contrast enhancement and intra-tumoral necrosis), and endosonographic (uneven echogenicity) features for a total of 4 points. We assigned 1 point to each feature. Tumors with scores of 2 to 4 were judged as GISTs/schwannomas, with 81.3% sensitivity and 92.9% specificity for GIST/schwannoma diagnosis.Our predictive model will be a practical guide for the management of gastric subepithelial lesions.

DOI： 10.1097/MD.0000000000027520

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Clinical characteristics and course of sporadic non-ampullary duodenal adenomas: A multicenter retrospective study. International journal

Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Masahiro Nakagawa, Tomoki Inaba, Masahiro Takatani, Ryuta Takenaka, Masao Yoshioka, Atsushi Imagawa, Masafumi Inoue, Seiyuu Suzuki, Jun Tomoda, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada

Medicine 100 ( 39 ) e27382 2021.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

ABSTRACT: Sporadic non-ampullary duodenal adenoma (SNADA) is a rare disease, and therefore, its clinical characteristics have not been comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, owing to the high complication rates and severity of endoscopic resection, treatment strategies vary among facilities. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics and course of SNADA.We extracted clinical and histological records of SNADA cases diagnosed in 11 hospitals between September 1999 and August 2014. The patients were divided into "no-resection" and "resection" groups based on the initial treatment approach. We investigated the long-term outcome of the "no-resection" group and treatment results of the "resection" group, with particular interest in endoscopic resection.Overall, 299 patients were diagnosed with SNADA. The median age at diagnosis was 67 years (range, 31-88 years), with approximately twice as many men as women. The median tumor size was 8.0 mm (2-60 mm). In total, 161 patients were initially selected for no-resection and 138 underwent resection. Age >70 years and the presence of either severe illness or poor performance status were significantly related to opting for no-resection. In the no-resection group, 101 patients underwent endoscopic follow-up for at least 1 year. During the observational period (2.5 ± 2.2 years), 27 lesions (27%) disappeared following cold forceps biopsy, and 13 lesions (14%) presented lateral growth. Four lesions (4%) changed to mucosal carcinoma, 3 were treated endoscopically, and 1 was surgically resected. Nineteen patients died; however, no one died of duodenal carcinoma. In the endoscopic resection group, en bloc resection was achieved in 78% of patients. However, the complication rate for perforation was 7%, and endoscopic submucosal dissection was associated with a 36% perforation rate.With the low incidence of cancer development and no disease specific death, the strategy of initially not performing resection could be considered especially for the older adults, poor-prognosis patients, or small lesions.

DOI： 10.1097/MD.0000000000027382

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家族性大腸腺腫症の胃病変の形質発現と内視鏡的特徴の検討

小橋真由, 岩室雅也, 亀高大介, 岡上昇太郎, 里見拓也, 濱田健太, 榮浩行, 安部真, 河野吉泰, 神崎洋光, 川野誠司, 河原祥朗, 田中健大, 岡田裕之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 63 ( Suppl.2 ) 2023 - 2023 2021.10

家族性大腸腺腫症の胃病変の形質発現と内視鏡的特徴の検討

小橋真由, 岩室雅也, 亀高大介, 岡上昇太郎, 里見拓也, 濱田健太, 榮浩行, 安部真, 河野吉泰, 神崎洋光, 川野誠司, 河原祥朗, 田中健大, 岡田裕之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 63 ( Suppl.2 ) 2023 - 2023 2021.10

【消化管の希少疾患-診療の現状】Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach(GAPPS)の臨床病理学的特徴

川野誠司, 赤穂宗一郎, 倉岡紗樹子, 小橋真由, 岡上昇太郎, 里見拓也, 濱田健太, 安部真, 河野吉泰, 神崎洋光, 岩室雅也, 河原祥朗, 岡田裕之

消化器・肝臓内科 10 ( 3 ) 290 - 295 2021.9

胃気腫症の5例の臨床的特徴に関する検討 Reviewed

岩室雅也, 安部真, 河野吉泰, 神崎洋光, 堀圭介, 川野誠司, 河原祥朗, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 118 ( 9 ) 851 - 858 2021.9

A prospective multicenter study of the magnifying endoscopic evaluation of the invasion depth of superficial esophageal cancers. International journal

Tatsuhiro Gotoda, Keisuke Hori, Masahiro Nakagawa, Sayo Kobayashi, Tatsuya Toyokawa, Shuhei Ishiyama, Atsushi Imagawa, Makoto Abe, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Surgical endoscopy 36 ( 5 ) 3451 - 3459 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Treatment strategies for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) are determined mainly on the basis of the invasion depth. The Japan Esophageal Society (JES) developed a simplified magnifying endoscopic classification for estimating the invasion depth of SESCC. We aimed to evaluate its accuracy. METHODS: We prospectively applied the JES classification for estimating the invasion depth of SESCC to 204 consecutive lesions from 6 hospitals in Japan between April 2016 and October 2018. We analyzed the accuracy of the endoscopic diagnosis by adding the following two categories to the JES classification: ≥ 7 mm lesion in B2 vessels (defined as B2 ≥ 7 mm) and B2 vessels with inflammation (defined as B2i). RESULTS: After applying the exclusion criteria, 201 lesions remained in the analysis. The diagnostic value of type B1, B2, B3 vessels were as follows: sensitivity, 93.9%, 68.0%, 25.0%; specificity, 81.1%, 89.2%, 99.4%; positive predictive value (PPV), 95.6%, 47.2%, 75.0%; negative predictive value (NPV), 75.0%, 95.1%, 95.4%; and accuracy, 91.5%, 86.5%, 95.0%, respectively. A retrospective analysis showed that the diagnostic accuracy was higher in type B2 vessels (86.5% to 92.0%). An avascular area (AVA) was found in 55 (27%) of the 201 lesions, which tended to be associated with a deeper pathological diagnosis of each Type B vessel. In an additional analysis, B2 ≥ 7 mm and B2i improved the diagnostic accuracy of type B2 vessels from 86.5% to 92.0%. CONCLUSIONS: The JES classification is useful for estimating the invasion depth of SESCC. The diagnostic accuracy for type B2 vessels was low, which may be improved by using B2 ≥ 7 mm and B2i.

DOI： 10.1007/s00464-021-08666-w

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Squamous Metaplasia of the Stomach Associated with Lymphoma Infiltration.

Masaya Iwamuro, Nobuharu Fujii, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 60 ( 14 ) 2229 - 2234 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We herein report a patient who presented with follicular lymphoma. Although the stomach was initially intact, mucosal redness and multiple erosions appeared in the gastric body owing to infiltration of the follicular lymphoma cells. Subsequently, a slightly depressed, white area lacking gastric mucosal structure was detected in the lesser curvature of the gastric cardia and body, where lymphoma cell infiltration was also pathologically observed beneath the stratified squamous epithelium. This case indicated that, although infrequent, prolonged mucosal injury owing to lymphoma infiltration can cause squamous metaplasia in the stomach.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.6271-20

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女性に発症した食道扁平上皮癌の臨床病理学的特徴に関する検討

小橋真由, 川野誠司, 倉岡紗樹子, 岡上昇太郎, 里見拓也, 濱田健太, 安部真, 河野吉泰, 神崎洋光, 岩室雅也, 河原祥朗, 田邊俊介, 藤原俊義, 田中健大, 岡田裕之

日本高齢消化器病学会誌 24 ( 1 ) 186 - 186 2021.7

Linked Color Imaging (LCI) Emphasizes the Color Changes in the Gastric Mucosa After Helicobacter pylori Eradication. International journal

Hiroyuki Sakae, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Takuya Satomi, Shotaro Okanoue, Yuka Obayashi, Kenta Hamada, Makoto Abe, Yoshiyasu Kono, Ko Miura, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Yanai, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive diseases and sciences 67 ( 6 ) 2375 - 2384 2021.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Diffuse redness is a characteristic endoscopic finding that indicates current infection of Helicobacter pylori, which is reduced after successful eradication. Linked color imaging (LCI) has been reported to improve the visibility of diffuse redness compared to white light imaging (WLI); however, quantitative evaluation has not been reported. AIMS: This study aimed to objectively evaluate the color change of the gastric mucosa after H. pylori eradication. METHODS: Images of the greater curvature of the antrum and corpus were captured, and the sites were biopsied during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) before and 1 year after eradication. The region of interest (ROI) was set around the biopsied area on the images. The color difference (ΔE) before and after eradication was calculated using the CIE L*a*b* color space. The association between the histological evaluation and the color value of the corresponding ROI was determined. RESULTS: At the antrum, there was no significant color change with either mode. At the corpus, the a* value, which reflected redness, decreased significantly after eradication with both modes (WLI: 41.2 to 36.0, LCI: 37.5 to 25.5); the b* value, reflecting yellowish, decreased with WLI, but increased significantly with LCI (WLI: 44.6 to 41.6, LCI: 23.9 to 29.2). The ΔE was significantly larger with LCI than with WLI (16.5 vs. 8.6). The a* values at the corpus were generally associated with histological neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative evaluation revealed that LCI emphasizes the change in color of the gastric mucosa due to the reduction in diffuse redness.

DOI： 10.1007/s10620-021-07030-1

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Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer after the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Evaluated Based on the Background Gastric Mucosa: A Propensity Score-matched Case-control Study.

Yuka Obayashi, Seiji Kawano, Hiroyuki Sakae, Makoto Abe, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Masaya Iwamuro, Yoshiro Kawahara, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Yanai, Hiroyuki Okada

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 60 ( 7 ) 969 - 976 2021.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective The eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) reduces the risk for gastric cancer (GC) development, but it cannot prevent GC completely. We investigated the risk factors of early GC development after the eradication of H. pylori, based on the histological characteristics of gastric mucosa. Methods Sixty-one patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for early GC after successful H. pylori eradication (Group A) and 122 patients without developing a gastric neoplasm over 3 years after successful H. pylori eradication (Group B) were analyzed. We compared the histological findings of the patients enrolled in Group A and Group B before and after the propensity score-matching. Results Comparing the characteristics of two the groups, Group A consisted predominantly of males, had significantly more elderly patients, and the years after successful eradication tended to be longer. We performed score matching for these three factors to reduce the influence of any confounding factors. After matching, the scores of inflammation for Group A (n=54) was significantly higher than those of Group B (n=54) at the greater curvature of the antrum, the lesser curvature of the corpus, and the greater curvature of the corpus. According to a multivariate analysis, inflammation of the greater curvature of the antrum and lesser curvature of the corpus were found to be independent risk factors. The risk ratio and 95% CI were 5.92 (2.11-16.6) (p<0.01), and 3.56 (1.05-13.2) (p=0.04), respectively. Conclusion A continuous high level of inflammation of the background gastric mucosa may be a risk factor for gastric cancer onset after H. pylori eradication.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.5486-20

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Peutz-Jeghers症候群の11例における胃病変に関する検討

里見拓也, 岩室雅也, 豊川達也, 森藤由記, 松枝和宏, 堀伸一郎, 吉岡正雄, 田中健大, 川野誠司, 岡田裕之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 63 ( Suppl.1 ) 936 - 936 2021.4

Peutz-Jeghers症候群の11例における胃病変に関する検討

里見拓也, 岩室雅也, 豊川達也, 森藤由記, 松枝和宏, 堀伸一郎, 吉岡正雄, 田中健大, 川野誠司, 岡田裕之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 63 ( Suppl.1 ) 936 - 936 2021.4

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric tube cancer: A multicenter retrospective study. International journal

Takuya Satomi, Seiji Kawano, Tomoki Inaba, Masahiro Nakagawa, Hirokazu Mouri, Masao Yoshioka, Shoichi Tanaka, Tatsuya Toyokawa, Sayo Kobayashi, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Masaya Iwamuro, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

World journal of gastroenterology 27 ( 11 ) 1043 - 1054 2021.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Recent improvements in the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer have led to the increased occurrence of gastric tube cancer (GTC) in the reconstructed gastric tube. However, there are few reports on the treatment results of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for GTC. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESD for GTC after esophagectomy in a multicenter trial. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 48 GTC lesions in 38 consecutive patients with GTC in the reconstructed gastric tube after esophagectomy who had undergone ESD between January 2005 and December 2019 at 8 institutions participating in the Okayama Gut Study group. The clinical indications of ESD for early gastric cancer were similarly applied for GTC after esophagectomy. ESD specimens were evaluated in 2-mm slices according to the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma with curability assessments divided into curative and non-curative resection based on the Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines. Patient characteristics, treatment results, clinical course, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 71.5 years (range, 57-84years), and there were 34 men and 4 women. The median observation period after ESD was 884 d (range, 8-4040 d). The median procedure time was 81 min (range, 29-334 min), the en bloc resection rate was 91.7% (44/48), and the curative resection rate was 79% (38/48). Complications during ESD were seen in 4% (2/48) of case, and those after ESD were seen in 10% (5/48) of case. The survival rate at 5 years was 59.5%. During the observation period after ESD, 10 patients died of other diseases. Although there were differences in the procedure time between institutions, a multivariate analysis showed that tumor size was the only factor associated with prolonged procedure time. CONCLUSION: ESD for GTC after esophagectomy was shown to be safe and effective.

DOI： 10.3748/wjg.v27.i11.1043

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Long-term outcomes of endoscopic versus surgical resection for MM-SM1 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using propensity score analysis.

Kenji Yamauchi, Masaya Iwamuro, Masahiro Nakagawa, Ryuta Takenaka, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Tomoki Inaba, Masao Yoshioka, Tatsuya Toyokawa, Shouichi Tanaka, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Yasuhiro Shirakawa, Hiroyuki Okada

Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society 18 ( 1 ) 72 - 80 2021.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) confined to the muscularis mucosae (MM) or up to 200 µm of the submucosa (SM1) confers the risk for lymph node metastasis, and is defined as relative indication for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) by the Japan Esophageal Society guidelines. Although additional surgical treatment after ESD is recommended, long-term outcomes of ESD compared with those of surgery have not been clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of ESD and surgery for cN0M0 relative indication lesions of ESCC. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2016, patients with relative indication lesions of ESCC who underwent ESD or surgery at nine participating hospitals were examined retrospectively. Using propensity score matching, we evaluated survival curves for and hazard ratios associated with endoscopic submucosal dissection and surgery. RESULTS: In total, 155 lesions in the ESD group and 106 lesions in the surgery group met the pathological criteria of relative indication for endoscopic resection. After matching, 50 matched pairs of patients who underwent ESD or surgery were selected. The 5-year overall survival rates were 84.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 68-93] in the ESD group and 79% [95% CI 60-90] in the surgery group. The hazard ratio of mortality for ESD compared with that for surgery estimated by Cox regression analysis was 0.79 (95% CI 0.3-2.06, p = 0.63). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with surgery, ESD does not compromise long-term outcomes. ESD alone or ESD with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may be an option for the treatment of MM and SM1 ESCC.

DOI： 10.1007/s10388-020-00775-0

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クローン病小腸狭窄病変に対するダブルバルーン内視鏡下バルーン拡張術の有効性の検討

井口俊博, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 岡昌平, 川野誠司, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化管学会雑誌 5 ( Suppl. ) 129 - 129 2021.1

Gastric Adenoma: A High Incidence Rate of Developing Carcinoma and Risk of Metachronous Gastric Cancer according to Long-Term Follow-Up. International journal

Yuki Okamoto, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Sakae, Makoto Abe, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestion 102 ( 6 ) 878 - 886 2021

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: Gastric adenomas are histologically defined as benign epithelial tumors. While some of them remain adenomas for a long time, others progress to carcinomas. However, long-term outcomes of such cases are not entirely clear. Here, we explored the risk factors and incidence of developing carcinoma from gastric adenoma as well as metachronous gastric cancer. METHODS: This study was conducted at a facility that adopted a follow-up strategy for gastric adenoma. Lesions histologically diagnosed as gastric intestinal-type adenomas between January 2004 and December 2016 were analyzed. Clinicopathological data were collected from patients' medical records, and histological changes from adenoma to carcinoma during endoscopic follow-up and risk factors of cancer development were evaluated. RESULTS: This study involved 409 lesions from 376 patients. The analysis of the development of gastric cancer from adenoma and metachronous gastric cancer was ultimately performed for 282 lesions from 258 patients and 269 lesions from 246 patients, respectively, due to different follow-up periods. The 5-year rate of carcinoma development was 34.0%. Risk factors for carcinoma development upon multivariate analysis were lesion size ≥15 mm and morphological depression. All cases with both factors developed gastric carcinoma, and 50.5% of those with either factor developed carcinoma within 5 years. Gastric adenoma was accompanied by metachronous gastric cancer in 1.5% of the patients annually. The only risk factor for metachronous gastric carcinoma was primary adenoma progressing to carcinoma during the follow-up period. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Given the high rate of carcinoma development in patients with risk factors, resection of gastric adenoma should be considered during the initial examination. Careful observation and follow-up should also be conducted to detect not only changes in the primary adenoma but also the occurrence of metachronous carcinoma, especially in cases of adenoma progressing to carcinoma.

DOI： 10.1159/000515213

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[Clinical characteristics of five patients with gastric emphysema].

Masaya Iwamuro, Makoto Abe, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Keisuke Hori, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology 118 ( 9 ) 851 - 858 2021

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Gastric emphysema is a rare condition in which gas from a nonbacterial source accumulates within the gastric wall. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the cases of five patients who were diagnosed with gastric emphysema at the Okayama University Hospital between January 2010 and April 2021, to reveal the clinical features of the disease. Based on their reviews, we revealed that:i) gastric emphysema occurred in hospitalized bedridden patients (n=5), such as those during/after endotracheal intubation (n=3), those undergoing gastric tube placement (n=3), those undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (n=1), and those undergoing treatment for cerebral infarction (n=1);ii) gastric emphysema was accompanied by the accumulation of gas in the portal (n=4) or gastric veins (n=1);iii) gastric emphysema was accompanied by colon wall thickness increase (n=4);iv) esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed redness, erosions, coarse mucosa, and/or ulcers (n=5);v) a clear boundary between the damaged area and the intact mucosa was observed (n=5);vi) the anterior wall of the stomach was less affected (n=4);vii) mucosal damage was predominant in the gastric folds, whereas the furrow of the mucosa was less affected;and viii) treatment with enteral nutrition suspension and the administration of proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics resulted in the recovery of patients from gastric emphysema (n=5). These results indicate that patients with gastric emphysema have distinct clinical, endoscopic, and radiological features. Furthermore, our results show that these patients can be conservatively managed.

DOI： 10.11405/nisshoshi.118.851

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Clinical and phenotypical characteristics of submucosal invasive carcinoma in non-ampullary duodenal cancer. International journal

Katsunori Matsueda, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Ryuta Takenaka, Masahiro Nakagawa, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Tomohiro Toji, Takehiro Tanaka, Takahito Yagi, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Hiroyuki Okada

PloS one 16 ( 8 ) e0256797 2021

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: The rare incidence of submucosal invasive non-ampullary duodenal carcinoma has led to scant information in literature; therefore, we compared the clinicopathological features between submucosal invasive carcinoma (SM-Ca), mucosal carcinoma (M-Ca), and advanced carcinoma (Ad-Ca). MATERIALS: We retrospectively analyzed 165 patients with sporadic non-ampullary duodenal carcinomas (SNADCs) from four institutions between January 2003 and December 2018. The SNADCs were divided to three groups according to histological diagnosis: SM-Ca, M-Ca, and Ad-Ca. The clinicopathological characteristics and mucin phenotypes were compared between groups. RESULTS: Among the 165 SNADCs, 11 (7%) were classified as SM-Ca, 70 (42%) as M-Ca, and 84 (51%) as Ad-Ca. We found that all SM-Ca (P = 0.013) and most Ad-Ca (P = 0.020) lesions were located on the oral-Vater; however, an almost equal distribution of M-Ca lesions was found between the oral- and anal-Vater. No significant difference was observed between the tumor diameter of M-Ca and SM-Ca; however, 45% (5/11) of SM-Ca were ≤10 mm. A total of 73% (8/11) of SM-Ca were classified as gastric phenotype and no lesions were classified as intestinal phenotype; whereas most M-Ca were classified as intestinal phenotype (67%, 8/12). CONCLUSIONS: SM-Ca lesions were all located on the oral-Vater and were highly associated with the gastric mucin phenotype, which were different from the features of most M-Ca.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0256797

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