Faculty Profiles - NAKAMURA Kazufumi

Papers - NAKAMURA Kazufumi

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Impact of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

Yoichi Takaya, Koji Nakagawa, Toru Miyoshi, Nobuhiro Nishii, Hiroshi Morita, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2025.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: The prognostic utility of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) on clinical outcomes in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) remains unknown, so we evaluated hs-cTnT in the chronic phase of CS. METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 92 consecutive patients with CS in the chronic phase after medical therapies. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to hs-cTnT level: 0.014 ng/mL: high hs-cTnT (n=37); normal hs-cTnT (n=55). The primary endpoint was cardiac death and the secondary endpoint was cardiac death, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, or hospitalization for heart failure. The mean age of patients was 63±11 years, and 75 received steroid treatment. During a median follow-up of 63 months, there were 9 cardiac deaths: 7 (19%) patients with high hs-cTnT and 2 (4%) patients with normal hs-cTnT. The rate of cardiac death was higher in patients with high hs-cTnT than in those with normal hs-cTnT (log-rank, P<0.01). Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that hs-cTnT was an independent predictor of cardiac death. The events rate was higher in patients with high hs-cTnT than in those with normal hs-cTnT (log-rank, P<0.01): cardiac death, ventricular tachyarrhythmias or hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 24 (65%) patients with high hs-cTnT and 11 (20%) patients with normal hs-cTnT. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated hs-cTnT was linked with adverse outcomes in CS patients, suggesting it is an effective prognostic biomarker.

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-24-0801

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iPSC-Derived Biological Pacemaker—From Bench to Bedside Reviewed

Quan Duy Vo, Kazufumi Nakamura, Yukihiro Saito, Toshihiro Iida, Masashi Yoshida, Naofumi Amioka, Satoshi Akagi, Toru Miyoshi, Shinsuke Yuasa

Cells 13 ( 24 ) 2045 - 2045 2024.12

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：MDPI AG

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived biological pacemakers have emerged as an alternative to traditional electronic pacemakers for managing cardiac arrhythmias. While effective, electronic pacemakers face challenges such as device failure, lead complications, and surgical risks, particularly in children. iPSC-derived pacemakers offer a promising solution by mimicking the sinoatrial node’s natural pacemaking function, providing a more physiological approach to rhythm control. These cells can differentiate into cardiomyocytes capable of autonomous electrical activity, integrating into heart tissue. However, challenges such as achieving cellular maturity, long-term functionality, and immune response remain significant barriers to clinical translation. Future research should focus on refining gene-editing techniques, optimizing differentiation, and developing scalable production processes to enhance the safety and effectiveness of these biological pacemakers. With further advancements, iPSC-derived pacemakers could offer a patient-specific, durable alternative for cardiac rhythm management. This review discusses key advancements in differentiation protocols and preclinical studies, demonstrating their potential in treating dysrhythmias.

DOI： 10.3390/cells13242045

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Life-Threatening Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia in Isolated Cardiac Sarcoidosis Compared With Cardiac Sarcoidosis With Extracardiac Involvement Reviewed

Yoichi Takaya, Koji Nakagawa, Toru Miyoshi, Nobuhiro Nishii, Hiroshi Morita, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

The American Journal of Cardiology 2024.12

Crescent-Shaped Atrial Septal Defect: A New Clinical Entity of an Acquired Defect for Transcatheter Closure. International journal

Mitsutaka Nakashima, Teiji Akagi, Yoichi Takaya, Takashi Miki, Rie Nakayama, Koji Nakagawa, Norihisa Toh, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

JACC. Asia 4 ( 12 ) 1013 - 1016 2024.12

Efficacy of Ivabradine in Preventing Inappropriate Shock due to Sinus Tachycardia in a Patient with Cardiac Sarcoidosis Reviewed

Takuro Masuda, Kazufumi Nakamura, Nobuhiro Nishii, Saori Asada, Akira Ueoka, Masakazu Miyamoto, Koji Nakagawa, Yoichi Takaya, Hironobu Toda, Hiroshi Morita, Shinsuke Yuasa

International Heart Journal 65 ( 6 ) 1167 - 1171 2024.11

Clinical and Histopathological Characteristics of Patients With Myocarditis After mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Reviewed

Taku Omori, Kazuaki Maruyama, Keiko Ohta-Ogo, Kinta Hatakeyama, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda, Kenji Onoue, Toshiyuki Nagai, Seiya Kato, Takahiro Okumura, Masayoshi Oikawa, Eisuke Amiya, Saeko Yoshizawa, Tadaki Suzuki, Hidemasa Goto, Kazufumi Nakamura, Takeo Fujino, Keishi Moriwaki, Shiro Nakamori, Toshihisa Anzai, Yasushi Sakata, Michiaki Hiroe, Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida, Kaoru Dohi

Circulation Journal 2024.11

Differences in clinical significance of atrial tachyarrhythmias in idiopathic ventricular fibrillation vs Brugada syndrome: A multicenter study Reviewed

Tomofumi Mizuno, Nobuhiro Nishii, Hiroshi Morita, Takuro Masuda, Akira Ueoka, Saori Asada, Yoshimasa Morimoto, Masakazu Miyamoto, Satoshi Kawada, Tadashi Wada, Shigeki Hiramatsu, Keisuke Okawa, Motoki Kubo, Koji Nakagawa, Atsuyuki Watanabe, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

Heart Rhythm O2 5 ( 11 ) 796 - 804 2024.11

Morphological Features of Patent Foramen Ovale Compared Between Older and Young Patients With Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke Reviewed

Mitsutaka Nakashima, Yoichi Takaya, Rie Nakayama, Masahiro Tsuji, Teiji Akagi, Takashi Miki, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

Circulation Journal 88 ( 9 ) 1398 - 1405 2024.8

Prognostic value of right atrial function in patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation Reviewed

Takahiro Nishihara, Yoichi Takaya, Rie Nakayama, Yu Yoshida, Norihisa Toh, Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

ESC Heart Failure 11 ( 6 ) 4019 - 4027 2024.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

Abstract

Aims

Although right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is associated with adverse outcomes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the potential role of right atrial (RA) function is unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RA function and clinical outcomes in patients with significant TR.

Methods

This retrospective study included 169 outpatients with moderate or severe TR due to left‐sided heart diseases who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between June 2020 and April 2023 (average age, 75 ± 10 years; male, 40%). Patients with atrial fibrillation were excluded from this study due to the inaccuracy of the evaluation using 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography. RA function was compared between patients with and without events, which were defined as all‐cause mortality or hospitalization due to heart failure. RA function was calculated as RA global longitudinal strain (RAGLS) with the 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography.

Results

During a median follow‐up of 13 months, 19 patients had events (all‐cause mortality: 14 cases, hospitalization due to heart failure: 5 cases). RAGLS was lower in patients with events than in those without events (13% ± 10% vs. 18% ± 9%, P = 0.02). When the patients were categorized into two groups [low RAGLS ≤ 16.2% vs. high RAGLS > 16.2%, high RA volume index (RAVI) ≥ 50 mL/m² vs. low RAVI < 50 mL/m²], Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients with low RAGLS had higher event rates than those with high RAGLS (log‐rank test, P = 0.003). Patients with high RAVI had higher event rates than those with low RAVI (log‐rank test, P < 0.001). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, low RAGLS (≤16.2%) was significantly associated with events in a model that included RV dysfunction (RV fractional area change ≤ 35%) or high RAVI (≥50 mL/m²) (hazard ratio: 4.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.51–13.71, P < 0.01; hazard ratio: 4.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.52–13.79, P < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions

RAGLS is associated with all‐cause mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure in patients with significant TR. Our results suggest that RA function is a sensitive marker for identifying the risk stratification of significant TR.

DOI： 10.1002/ehf2.14846

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Fenestrated GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD occluder for transcatheter atrial septal defect closure in a geriatric patient. Reviewed

Mitsutaka Nakashima, Teiji Akagi, Takashi Miki, Rie Nakayama, Yoichi Takaya, Koji Nakagawa, Satoshi Akagi, Norihisa Toh, Kazufumi Nakamura

Journal of cardiology cases 30 ( 2 ) 31 - 34 2024.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

UNLABELLED: An 82-year-old man with a secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) underwent transcatheter closure. The patient had a wide area of aortic and superior rim deficiency, with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and moderate mitral regurgitation. These findings suggested the risk of both cardiac erosion and increased left atrial pressure after closure. To avoid cardiac erosion, a GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD (GCA) occluder (W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) was considered an appropriate device in this patient. However, the possibility of excessively high left atrial pressure due to complete defect closure was a concern. Thus, we created a 4.5-mm fenestration using a surgical punch in the fabric membrane of a 44-mm GCA. The device was deployed in an appropriate position, and no significant elevation of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was observed. One month after the closure, marked improvement in clinical symptoms and continuous flow through the fenestration were observed. This novel fenestration technique may contribute to expansion of the indications for transcatheter ASD closure in patients who require a GCA owing to an anatomically high risk of erosion accompanied by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. LEARNING OBJECTIVE: In elderly patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is difficult because rapid resolution of an ASD shunt can cause an increase in left atrial pressure. Previous reports described the creation of a fenestration in the closure device. The use of a GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD (GCA) occluder can reduce the erosion risk; however, creating a stable fenestration is difficult. We developed a novel technique to create a stable fenestration in a GCA.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jccase.2024.04.001

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Reply to the letter, “Residual shunt after patent foramen ovale closure: The devil is in the details!” regarding article “Relationship between patent foramen ovale anatomical features and residual shunt after patent foramen ovale closure” Reviewed

Rie Nakayama, Yoichi Takaya, Teiji Akagi, Rika Takemoto, Madoka Haruna, Mitsutaka Nakashima, Takashi Miki, Koji Nakagawa, Norihisa Toh, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions 104 ( 3 ) 633 - 634 2024.7

Impact of extracardiac sarcoidosis on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis: Importance of continued screening for cardiac involvement. Reviewed International journal

Yoichi Takaya, Koji Nakagawa, Toru Miyoshi, Nobuhiro Nishii, Hiroshi Morita, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

International journal of cardiology 413 132368 - 132368 2024.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: The prognostic impact of extracardiac sarcoidosis remains unknown in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). We aimed to evaluate the influence of extracardiac sarcoidosis on clinical outcomes and the effect of continued outpatient visits for screening of cardiac involvement. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients with CS were divided into two groups: patients with systemic CS who had prior extracardiac sarcoidosis, patients with isolated CS who had no prior extracardiac sarcoidosis. Patients with systemic CS were divided according to the continuation of outpatient visits. The endpoint was cardiac death, fatal ventricular arrhythmia, or hospitalization for heart failure. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosing CS, patients with isolated CS had a higher prevalence of high-grade atrioventricular block or fatal ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular contractile dysfunction than those with systemic CS. Over a median follow-up of 42 months, cardiac events occurred in 19 (37%) of 52 patients with systemic CS and in 27 (57%) of 47 patients with isolated CS. The event-free survival rate was worse in patients with isolated CS than in those with systemic CS. Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the absence of prior extracardiac sarcoidosis was an independent predictor of adverse outcomes. Patients with systemic CS who ceased outpatient visits had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction with severe heart failure symptoms and a worse event-free survival rate than those who continued outpatient visits. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of extracardiac sarcoidosis is associated with clinical outcomes. The cessation of screening for cardiac involvement after diagnosing extracardiac sarcoidosis is associated with adverse outcomes.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132368

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Prognostic Implications of Insulin Resistance in Heart Failure in Japan Reviewed

Keiichiro Iwasaki, Kazufumi Nakamura, Satoshi Akagi, Yoichi Takaya, Hironobu Toda, Toru Miyoshi, Shinsuke Yuasa

Nutrients 16 ( 12 ) 1888 - 1888 2024.6

Authorship：Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：MDPI AG

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk and prognostic factor for heart failure (HF). Insulin resistance (IR) is an important component of DM, but the relationship between IR and HF prognosis has not yet been established across a wide variety of HF populations. We retrospectively evaluated the relationship between IR and clinical outcomes of HF patients at our hospital between 2017 and 2021. IR was defined as a homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) index ≥ 2.5, calculated from fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death and hospitalisation for HF (HHF). Among 682 patients included in the analyses, 337 (49.4%) had IR. The median age was 70 [interquartile range (IQR): 59–77] years old, and 66% of the patients were men. Among the patients, 41% had a left ventricular ejection fraction below 40%, and 32% had DM. The median follow-up period was 16.5 [IQR: 4.4–37.3] months. IR was independently associated with the primary outcome (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.39–2.62, p < 0.0001), death (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–2.83, p < 0.01), and HHF (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.28–2.83, p < 0.01). HOMA-IR is an independent prognostic factor of HF in a wide variety of HF populations.

DOI： 10.3390/nu16121888

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The use of artificial intelligence in induced pluripotent stem cell-based technology over 10-year period: A systematic scoping review Reviewed

Quan Duy Vo, Yukihiro Saito, Toshihiro Ida, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

PLOS ONE 19 ( 5 ) e0302537 - e0302537 2024.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Background

Stem cell research, particularly in the domain of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, has shown significant progress. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has played a pivotal role in refining iPSC classification, monitoring cell functionality, and conducting genetic analysis. These enhancements are broadening the applications of iPSC technology in disease modelling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. This review aims to explore the role of AI in the advancement of iPSC research.

Methods

In December 2023, data were collected from three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct) to investigate the application of AI technology in iPSC processing.

Results

This systematic scoping review encompassed 79 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The number of research studies in this area has increased over time, with the United States emerging as a leading contributor in this field. AI technologies have been diversely applied in iPSC technology, encompassing the classification of cell types, assessment of disease-specific phenotypes in iPSC-derived cells, and the facilitation of drug screening using iPSC. The precision of AI methodologies has improved significantly in recent years, creating a foundation for future advancements in iPSC-based technologies.

Conclusions

Our review offers insights into the role of AI in regenerative and personalized medicine, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. Although still in its early stages, AI technologies show significant promise in advancing our understanding of disease progression and development, paving the way for future clinical applications.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0302537

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Association Between Aortic Valve Calcification and Severity of Concomitant Aortic Regurgitation in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis. Reviewed

Fumi Yokohama, Yoichi Takaya, Keishi Ichikawa, Rie Nakayama, Takashi Miki, Hironobu Toda, Norihisa Toh, Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Ito

Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2024.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) frequently have concomitant aortic regurgitation (AR), but the association between aortic valvular calcification (AVC) and the severity of AR remains unclear.Methods and Results: We retrospectively reviewed patients with severe AS who underwent transthoracic echocardiography and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) within 1 month. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of concomitant AR. The association between AVC and the severity of concomitant AR was assessed in patients with severe AS. The study population consisted of 95 patients: 43 men and 52 women with a mean age of 82±7 years. Of the 95 patients with severe AS, 27 had no or trivial AR, 53 had mild AR, and 15 had moderate AR. The AVC score (AVCS) and AVC volume (AVCV) significantly increased as the severity of concomitant AR increased (P=0.014 for both), and similar findings were obtained for the AVCS and AVCV indexes (P=0.004 for both). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of AR correlated with AVCS and AVCV measured by MDCT in patients with severe AS. AVC may cause concomitant AR, leading to worsening of disease condition.

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-22-0746

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Artificial intelligence to detect noise events in remote monitoring data Reviewed

Nobuhiro Nishii, Kensuke Baba, Ken'ichi Morooka, Haruto Shirae, Tomofumi Mizuno, Takuro Masuda, Akira Ueoka, Saori Asada, Masakazu Miyamoto, Kentaro Ejiri, Satoshi Kawada, Koji Nakagawa, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Morita, Shinsuke Yuasa

Journal of Arrhythmia 2024.4

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

Abstract

Background

Remote monitoring (RM) of cardiac implantable electrical devices (CIEDs) can detect various events early. However, the diagnostic ability of CIEDs has not been sufficient, especially for lead failure. The first notification of lead failure was almost noise events, which were detected as arrhythmia by the CIED. A human must analyze the intracardiac electrogram to accurately detect lead failure. However, the number of arrhythmic events is too large for human analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI) seems to be helpful in the early and accurate detection of lead failure before human analysis.

Objective

To test whether a neural network can be trained to precisely identify noise events in the intracardiac electrogram of RM data.

Methods

We analyzed 21 918 RM data consisting of 12 925 and 1884 Medtronic and Boston Scientific data, respectively. Among these, 153 and 52 Medtronic and Boston Scientific data, respectively, were diagnosed as noise events by human analysis. In Medtronic, 306 events, including 153 noise events and randomly selected 153 out of 12 692 nonnoise events, were analyzed in a five‐fold cross‐validation with a convolutional neural network. The Boston Scientific data were analyzed similarly.

Results

The precision rate, recall rate, F1 score, accuracy rate, and the area under the curve were 85.8 ± 4.0%, 91.6 ± 6.7%, 88.4 ± 2.0%, 88.0 ± 2.0%, and 0.958 ± 0.021 in Medtronic and 88.4 ± 12.8%, 81.0 ± 9.3%, 84.1 ± 8.3%, 84.2 ± 8.3% and 0.928 ± 0.041 in Boston Scientific. Five‐fold cross‐validation with a weighted loss function could increase the recall rate.

Conclusions

AI can accurately detect noise events. AI analysis may be helpful for detecting lead failure events early and accurately.

DOI： 10.1002/joa3.13037

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Feasibility of Treat and Repair Strategy in Congenital Heart Defects With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Reviewed International journal

Satoshi Akagi, Shingo Kasahara, Teiji Akagi, Kentaro Ejiri, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Koji Nakagawa, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Ito

JACC. Advances 3 ( 4 ) 100887 - 100887 2024.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: A treatment strategy for congenital heart defects with moderate to severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been established. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify patients in whom a treat and repair strategy was considered and to examine pretreatment variables associated with successful defect repair. METHODS: Patients with atrial or ventricular septal defect and PAH (pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR] ≥ 5 Wood units) eligible for the treat and repair strategy were included. Hemodynamics among pretreatment, pre-repair, and post-defect repair were compared. Clinical outcomes in patients with or without defect repair were also compared. Clinical outcomes included all-cause death, hospitalization for worsening pulmonary hypertension, and lung transplantation. RESULTS: Among 25 eligible for the treat and repair strategy, 20 underwent successful repair (repaired group) and 5 did not have a repair (unrepaired group). In the repaired group, PVR significantly decreased from 9.6 ± 2.6 WU at pretreatment to 5.0 ± 3.4 pre-repair (ß coefficient -4.6 [95% CI: -5.9 to -3.3]). The pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs) increased from 1.5 ± 0.6 at pretreatment to 2.4 ± 1.3 pre-repair (ß coefficient 0.9 [95% CI: 0.4-1.38]). In the unrepaired group, pretreatment PVR decreased with treatment; however, PVR remained elevated. Qp/Qs did not change between pretreatment and post-treatment. The repaired group had a better prognosis than the unrepaired group (HR 0.092 [95% CI: 0.009-0.905]). Pretreatment mean pulmonary artery pressure, PVR, Qp/Qs, and arterial oxygen saturations were associated with undergoing defect repair. CONCLUSIONS: In this small cohort, a treat and repair strategy was successfully used in a significant proportion of the patients with congenital heart defects with moderate to severe PAH.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100887

PubMed

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Diagnostic improvements of calcium-removal image reconstruction algorithm using photon-counting detector CT for calcified coronary lesions Reviewed

Takahiro Nishihara, Toru Miyoshi, Mitsutaka Nakashima, Noriaki Akagi, Yusuke Morimitsu, Tomohiro Inoue, Takashi Miki, Masatoki Yoshida, Hironobu Toda, Kazufumi Nakamura, Shinsuke Yuasa

European Journal of Radiology 172 111354 - 111354 2024.3

先天性心疾患患者の移行期医療:成人循環器医の協力を得る方策成人先天性心疾患の診療の手助けとなる心エコー図検査

武本梨佳, 杜徳尚, 高谷陽一, 中山理絵, 赤木禎治, 中村一文, 笠原真悟, 大塚文男

日本循環器学会学術集会抄録集 88回 CS3 - 4 2024.3

Significant delayed conduction and characteristic ventricular tachycardias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and electrical storm. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Morita, Koji Nakagawa, Akira Ueoka, Tomofumi Mizuno, Takuro Masuda, Saori Asada, Masakazu Miyamoto, Satoshi Kawada, Nobuhiro Nishii, Kazufumi Nakamura

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 2024.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: Electrical storm (ES) of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs) is an important cause of sudden death in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). VTAs in CS are associated with myocardial scarring and inflammation. However, little is known about the risk factors of ES in patients with CS and VTAs. The objective of this study is to clarify the characteristics and risk factors for the development of ES in patients with CS. METHODS: The study population included consecutive 52 patients with CS and sustained VTA. Twenty-five out of 52 patients experienced ES. We evaluated clinical characteristics, imaging modalities, and electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters to determine the risk factors associated with ES. RESULTS: Half of the patients experienced VTAs as the initial symptom of sarcoidosis, and eight patients had ES as the initial VTA episode. There were no differences in cardiac imaging abnormalities between patients with and without ES. Among ECG markers, significant QRS fragmentation (odds ratio [OR]: 7.9, p = .01) and epsilon waves (OR: 12.24, p = .02) were associated with ES. Among the ventricular tachycardia (VT) characteristics, multiple morphologies of monomorphic VTs (OR: 10.9, p < .01), short VT cycle lengths (OR: 12.5, p < .01), and polymorphic VT (OR: 13.5, p < .01) were associated with ES. Bidirectional VTs were detected in 10 patients with ES and one patient without ES. Immunosuppressive therapy relieved ES in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: ES was common in patients with CS and VTAs. Significant depolarization abnormalities that appeared as QRS fragmentation, epsilon waves, and specific VT characteristics were associated with ES.

DOI： 10.1111/jce.16156

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Papers - NAKAMURA Kazufumi