研究者詳細 - 小比賀　美香子

論文 - 小比賀　美香子

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Content analysis of medical students’ seminars: a unique method of analyzing clinical thinking 査読

Yukari Takata, Gerald H Stein, Kuniyuki Endo, Akiko Arai, Shun Kohsaka, Yuka Kitano, Hitoshi Honda, Hidetaka Kitazono, Hironobu Tokunaga, Yasuharu Tokuda, Mikako Obika, Tomoko Miyoshi, Hitomi Kataoka, Hidekazu Terasawa

BMC Medical Education 13 ( 1 ) 2013年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

<title>Abstract</title>
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<title>Background</title>
The study of communication skills of Asian medical students during structured Problem-based Learning (PBL) seminars represented a unique opportunity to assess their critical thinking development. This study reports the first application of the health education technology, content analysis (CA), to a Japanese web-based seminar (webinar).

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<title>Methods</title>
The authors assigned twelve randomly selected medical students from two universities and two clinical instructors to two virtual classrooms for four PBL structured tutoring sessions that were audio-video captured for CA. Both of the instructors were US-trained physicians. This analysis consisted of coding the students’ verbal comments into seven types, ranging from trivial to advanced knowledge integration comments that served as a proxy for clinical thinking.

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<title>Results</title>
The most basic level of verbal simple responses accounted for a majority (85%) of the total students’ verbal comments. Only 15% of the students’ comments represented more advanced types of critical thinking. The male students responded more than the female students; male students attending University 2 responded more than male students from University 1. The total mean students’ verbal response time for the four sessions with the male instructor was 6.9%; total mean students’ verbal response time for the four sessions with the female instructor was 19% (p < 0.05).

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<title>Conclusions</title>
This report is the first to describe the application of CA to a multi-university real time audio and video PBL medical student clinical training webinar in two Japanese medical schools. These results are preliminary, mostly limited by a small sample size (n = 12) and limited time frame (four sessions). CA technology has the potential to improve clinical thinking for medical students. This report may stimulate improvements for implementation.

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DOI： 10.1186/1472-6920-13-156

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その他リンク： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1472-6920-13-156/fulltext.html

Diagnosis and evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 国際誌

Mikako Obika, Hirofumi Noguchi

Experimental diabetes research 2012 145754 - 145754 2012年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：HINDAWI LTD

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of elevated liver function tests results, after the commonly investigated causes have been excluded, and frequently coexists with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because the conditions have common risk factors. As both T2DM and NAFLD are related to adverse outcomes of the other, diagnosis and valuation of fatty liver is an important part of the management of diabetes. Although noninvasive methods, such as biomarkers, panel markers, and imaging, may support a diagnostic evaluation of NAFLD patients, accurate histopathological findings cannot be achieved without a liver biopsy. As it is important to know whether steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis are present for the management of NAFLD, liver biopsy remains the gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis and evaluation. Therefore, new investigations of the pathogenesis of NAFLD are necessary to develop useful biomarkers that could provide a reliable noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy.

DOI： 10.1155/2012/145754

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COMPARISON OF TYPE 2 DIABETES CARE IN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN

Mikako Obika, Dace L. Trence

ENDOCRINE PRACTICE 16 ( 4 ) 707 - 711 2010年7月

Association of Serum Testosterone with CT- and MRS-Liver Fat in Relation to Insulin Resistance and Body Fat

Mikako Obika, Edward J. Boyko, Elaine C. Tsai

DIABETES 59 A489 - A490 2010年6月

Comparison of MR Spectroscopy and CT in Liver Fat: Assessment and Association with Insulin Resistance

Mikako Obika, Edward J. Boyko, Elaine C. Tsai

DIABETES 58 A251 - A252 2009年6月

Hepatitis B virus DNA in liver tissue and risk for hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease 査読

Mikako Obika, Toshiyuki Shinji, Shin-ichi Fujioka, Ryo Terada, Hiromasa Ryuko, Aye Aye Lwin, Hidenori Shiraha, Norio Koide

INTERVIROLOGY 51 ( 1 ) 59 - 68 2008年12月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：KARGER

Aims: To prospectively study whether occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease. In addition, to evaluate the difference among HBV DNA-negative patients and patients with high and low HBV copy numbers. Methods: A total of 167 patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease without HBV surface antigen ( HBsAg) were studied. HBV DNA in liver tissue was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: HBV DNA was detected in 9 of 167 patients (5.4%) by single PCR and in 25 patients (15.0%) by nested PCR. HCC developed in 12 of 167 patients (7.2%). Ten of 142 HBV DNA-negative patients (7.0%) and 2 of 9 patients with a high HBV copy number (22.2%) developed HCC, whereas none of 16 patients with a low HBV copy number developed HCC. The incidence rate of HCC in patients with a high HBV copy number was significantly higher than in HBV DNA-negative patients and patients with low HBV copy number. Conclusion: A high amount of HBV DNA in liver tissue of HBsAg-negative patients with HCV-related liver disease might be associated with HCC development. Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.

DOI： 10.1159/000121363

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Hepatitis B virus DNA in liver tissue and risk for hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease. A prospective study. 国際誌

Mikako Obika, Toshiyuki Shinji, Shin-Ichi Fujioka, Ryo Terada, Hiromasa Ryuko, Aye Aye Lwin, Hidenori Shiraha, Norio Koide

Intervirology 51 ( 1 ) 59 - 68 2008年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC

AIMS: To prospectively study whether occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease. In addition, to evaluate the difference among HBV DNA-negative patients and patients with high and low HBV copy numbers. METHODS: A total of 167 patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease without HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) were studied. HBV DNA in liver tissue was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: HBV DNA was detected in 9 of 167 patients (5.4%) by single PCR and in 25 patients (15.0%) by nested PCR. HCC developed in 12 of 167 patients (7.2%). Ten of 142 HBV DNA-negative patients (7.0%) and 2 of 9 patients with a high HBV copy number (22.2%) developed HCC, whereas none of 16 patients with a low HBV copy number developed HCC. The incidence rate of HCC in patients with a high HBV copy number was significantly higher than in HBV DNA-negative patients and patients with low HBV copy number. CONCLUSION: A high amount of HBV DNA in liver tissue of HBsAg-negative patients with HCV-related liver disease might be associated with HCC development.

DOI： 10.1159/000121363

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Hepatitis C virus genotype distribution in Myanmar: Predominance of genotype 6 and existence of new genotype 6 subtype. 国際誌

Aye Aye Lwin, Toshiyuki Shinji, Myo Khin, Ne Win, Mikako Obika, Shigeru Okada, Norio Koide

Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology 37 ( 5 ) 337 - 45 2007年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：WILEY

AIM: This study was performed to determine the prevalence and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Myanmar. METHODS: A total of 1333 peripheral blood samples were collected from four different border cities of Myanmar. The anti-HCV antibody-positive serum samples were identified. HCV was genotyped by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, direct DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis on the partial core genome. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HCV infection was 11.6% (154/1333). Regionally, it was 13.5% (47/349) in the north-eastern city, 12.8% (64/501) in the north-western city, 4.2% (16/380) in the southern city and 26.2% (27/103) in the western city. HCV was genotyped in 145/154 (94.2%) samples. Genotype 6 was the most prevalent genotype in this study (71/145, 49%), followed by genotype 3 (57/145, 39.3%), genotype 1 (16/145, 11%), and genotype 2 (1/145, 0.7%). Genotype 6 was mostly found in the northern cities and genotype 3 in the southern and western cities of Myanmar. Multiple HCV genotypes/subtypes were successfully characterized as 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 6m, 6n, and a new 6 subtype. Among them, subtype 6n was the most predominant subtype (38.6%), followed by subtype 3b (29.7%), 3a (9.6%), 6m (9%), 1b (6.9%), 1a (4.1%), new 6 subtype (1.4%) and 2a (0.7%). Subtype 6n was more widely distributed in the northern cities whereas subtype 3b was more common in the western city. The newly discovered genotype 6 subtype was from the northern cities. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate there are regional differences of HCV genotype distribution in Myanmar. There is a distinct geographic variation from other South-East Asian countries in terms of the existence of the new genotype 6 subtype.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00053.x

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Hepatitis C virus genotype distribution in Myanmar: Predominance of genotype 6 and existence of new genotype 6 subtype 査読

Aye Aye Lwin, Toshiyuki Shinji, Myo Khin, Ne Win, Mikako Obika, Shigeru Okada, Norio Koide

Hepatology Research ( 37 ) 337 - 354 2007年4月

Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Myanmar with identification of new genotype 6 subtype

Aye Aye Lwin, Toshiyuki Shinji, Myo Khin, Ne Win, Mikako Obika, Shigent Okada, Norio Koide

GASTROENTEROLOGY 132 ( 4 ) A777 - A777 2007年4月

Three type 6 hepatitis C virus subgroups among blood donors in the Yangon area of Myanmar are identified as subtypes 6m and 6n, and a novel subtype by sequence analysis of the core region.

Toshiyuki Shinji, Aye Aye Lwin, Katsunori Gokan, Mikako Obika, Hiromasa Ryuko, Myo Khin, Shigeru Okada, Norio Koide

Acta medica Okayama 60 ( 6 ) 345 - 9 2006年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL

Previously, using phylogenetic analysis of NS5b sequences, we found that three type 6 variant subgroups (M6-1, M6-2 and M6-3) exist in Myanmar. According to the new nomenclature of hepatitis C, M6-1 and M6-2 belong to subtypes 6m and 6n, respectively, but M6-3 is unassigned. In this study, we sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed the core region of these type 6 variant subgroups. Serum samples assigned as 6m or 6n by NS5b sequence were also identified as 6 m or 6n by core region analysis. The M6-3 (sample name MYAN-3E-3) remained unassigned to a subgroup based on its core region analysis. The findings of this study suggest that either the core region or the NS5b region can be analyzed for HCV subtype classification.

Tumor-specific expression of the RGD-alpha3(IV)NC1 domain suppresses endothelial tube formation and tumor growth in mice. 査読

Miyoshi T, Hirohata S, Ogawa H, Doi M, Obika M, Yonezawa T, Sado Y, Kusachi S, Kyo S, Kondo S, Shiratori Y, Hudson BG, Ninomiya Y

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 20 ( 11 ) 1904 - 1906 2006年9月

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