Research Projects -
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第二世代BMP-2を応用した口腔インプラントの骨結合促進と歯槽骨再生の実用化
Grant number:20592268 2008 - 2010
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C) 基盤研究(C)
縄稚 久美子, 窪木 拓男, 園山 亘, 完山 学, 山崎 聖也
Grant amount:\4680000 ( Direct expense: \3600000 、 Indirect expense:\1080000 )
1. 大腸菌由来BMP-2によるインプラント体周囲の骨再生の検討
大腸菌由来BMP-2を用いてインプラント体周囲への骨再生が可能かをラット背部皮下での異所性骨再生モデルで検討した.濃度は,0,1,5,10ug/ulのBMP-2水溶液を調整し,インプラント体を3分間浸漬したうえで移植した.移植から,2・3週間後にレントゲンで骨形成状態を確認したところ,5,10ug/ulのBMP-2溶液を用いたものでは明らかな骨形成が確認された.3週後に,インプラント体を回収し,非脱灰切片を作成し顕微鏡的に評価したところ,インプラント体と骨の直接的な接触が得られていることが確認された.
2. 大腸菌由来BMP-2を骨補填材と併用した際の骨再生の検討
大腸菌由来BMP-2と骨補填材とを併用した際の骨再生をラット背部皮下での異所性骨再生モデルで検討した.骨補填材は炭酸機含有アパタイトとβTCPを用いた.事前に両骨補填材の吸水量を検討し,一移植体当たり0,1.25,2.5,12.5,25,125ugのBMP-2を含有するように調整した上で移植した.レントゲン的に骨形成を確認したうえで,移植から3週後に移植体を回収し,組織学的に評価した.その結果,12.5,25,125ugのBMP-2を用いた群では両方の骨補填材を用いた群で明らかな骨新生を認めた.0.25,2.5ugでは3週の時点では骨形成は認めなかった.また,高濃度のBMP-2を用いた場合,移植体のボリュームは約10倍以上となるが,その中心部には赤血球を主体とする血液が停滞している部分が広く認められることが確認できた. -
Grant number:20592265 2008 - 2010
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
MINAKUCHI Hajime, KUBOKI Takuo, MATSUKA Yoshizo, SOGAWA Norio, KITAYAMA Shigeo, UEHARA Junji
Grant amount:\4550000 ( Direct expense: \3500000 、 Indirect expense:\1050000 )
(1) This project evaluated the night-to-night variability and examine for a systematic alteration on the first night in EMG levels. The results suggested that recordings should be at least 5-6 nights duration to establish a reasonable measure of an individual's average nightly masseter EMG level.
(2) The aim of this study was to compare the uptake ability of serotonin transporter (SERT) from peripheral platelets between severe and non-bruxism human subjects. In response, the SERT ability would be related to sleep bruxism frequency. -
Grant number:19592237 2007 - 2008
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
YAMAZAKI Seiya, KUBOKI Takuo, MATSUKA Yoshizou, SONOYAMA Wataru
Grant amount:\4420000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 、 Indirect expense:\1020000 )
本研究では, 変形性顎関節症に対する新規関節腔内注入薬として可溶型腫瘍壊死因子受容体(sTNFR-II)を対象に考えており, 既に関節リウマチの治療薬として使用されているエタネルセプトにより, 関節軟骨破壊に関与する一部のマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼの関節軟骨細胞からの産生を抑制する傾向がみられた. また, 併せて変形性顎関節症に特異的なタンパク質を同定することで, 本治療の効果判定の指標としたり、新規治療に応用するため, 顎関節滑液中のタンパク質に関してもサイトカインアレイ解析や網羅的解析を行った.
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咬合感覚異常症患者における末梢および中枢知覚神経活動の亢進と治療法開発
Grant number:19659506 2007 - 2008
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 萌芽研究 萌芽研究
松香 芳三, 窪木 拓男, 福島 俊士, 小川 匠, 坂口 千代美, 小野 剛
Grant amount:\3200000 ( Direct expense: \3200000 )
1.健常者における周囲歯肉への局所麻酔薬塗布後の歯の知覚閾値の低下
昨年に引き続き、咬頭嵌合位の咬合接触異常を訴えない健常者に局所麻酔薬(ハリケインゲル)を歯周歯肉へ塗布前後の歯の知覚閾値を計測したところ、閾値の低下が観察された。さらに、部位により知覚閾値の低下に差があることが理解できた。以上から、咬合感覚異常症患者の歯肉への局所麻酔薬の塗布により、歯の知覚を減少させることができる可能性、歯種により、反応が異なる可能性が示唆された。
2.咬合感覚異常症患者に対する局所麻酔薬の効果
昨年に引き続き、咬合感覚異常症患者に研究目的・内容を説明し、研究への参加を依頼した。包含基準は、1.咬頭嵌合位での咬合接触の異常を6か月以上にわたり訴える、2.患者は問題歯を特定可能であるとした。除外基準は、1.歯髄・歯周病変・顎関節症が存在する、2.多数の欠損歯のために、咬頭嵌合位が不安定である、3.歯科用局所麻酔薬に対するアレルギーがあるとした。それらの患者に対し、局所麻酔薬を塗布したところ、症状の軽快が観察された。
3.咬合感覚異常症患者と健常者の脳磁図計測
東京歯科大学の機器を使用し、脳磁図計測を行うため、プロトコールに関して東京歯科大学の担当研究者と検討した。被験者に能動的に咬合接触してもらうと、脳内の活動が生じるため、受動的に当該歯を押すこと装置の開発が必要であることが理解できた。研究費補助期間終了後になるが、今後、計測を継続していく予定である。
4.三叉神経刺激動物モデルにおける三叉神経節でのDNA変化の網羅的解析
ラット眼窩下神経をゆるく結紮することにより、刺激したモデルにおいて、三叉神経節内のDNA変化を網羅的に解析した。その結果、伝達物質遊離に関連するGRP75が増加していることが理解できた。 -
付着歯肉の分化に関連した特異的遺伝子・蛋白の同定とその機能解析
Grant number:19659507 2007 - 2008
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 萌芽研究 萌芽研究
窪木 拓男, 高柴 正悟, 園山 亘, 滝川 正春
Grant amount:\3200000 ( Direct expense: \3200000 )
1.付着歯肉組織と遊離歯肉組織の遺伝子発現解析
前年度のマウスならびにラット歯肉組織の組織学的検討をもとにして,成体マウスの口腔内から実態顕微鏡下で付着歯肉と遊離歯肉をそれぞれ採取した、この組織からmRNAを抽出し,cDNAマイクロアレイを行い,両者の遺伝子発現を比較・検討した.
その結果,付着歯肉で発現量の高い遺伝子として,mmp12, integrin(alpha6), laminin(beta3), HIF-1a, VEGF, tenomodulin, collagen(typeV, alpha2), integrin(beta4)などが抽出された.一方,遊離歯肉で発現量の高い遺伝子としてIGFBP2, RABL3(member of RAS oncogene family-like3), RASA3(RAS p21 protein activator3), elastinなどが抽出された.既知の発現パターンと機能から考察するといくつかの遺伝子はたいへん興味深い研究対象と考えられた.
2,ヒト歯肉上皮細胞の培養
倫理委員会の許可を得て,抜歯時に得られたヒト歯肉サンプルから歯肉上皮細胞を分離し,同時に得た歯原性上皮細胞とその差異を比較,検討した.
その結果,歯肉上皮細胞は培養条件下では寿命が短く,cumulative population doubling(cPD)は平均8であった。一方,歯原性上皮細胞は平均16のcPDを示した.また,両者ともに上皮細胞のマーカーであるサイトケラチン14とE-cadherinを遺伝子レベルで発現していたが,amelogeninの発現は歯肉上皮細胞では認めなかった.すなわち,歯肉上皮細胞は歯原性上皮細胞と比較して,明らかに異なるフェノタイプを有していることを明らかにした. -
Grant number:18390512 2006 - 2009
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
MATSUKA Yoshizo, MAEKAWA Kenji, KUBOKI Takuo, KANYAMA Manabu, SUGIMOTO Tomosada, TAKEI Koji, ONO Tsuyoshi, OGUMA Keiji, YAMAMOTO Yomiko, KITAMURA Yoichi, KUMADA Ai, SPIGELMAN Igor, NEUBERT John k.
Grant amount:\16850000 ( Direct expense: \14300000 、 Indirect expense:\2550000 )
We found that trigeminal nerve constriction induced facial pain and increased neurotransmitter release from trigeminal ganglion cell body. Also, facial injection of highly purified Botulinum toxin type A 150 kDa (BoNT/A/A) decreased the pain level and the neurotransmitter release.
These results made clear the mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia and peripheral BoNT/A injection may be an important treatment in the near future. -
Dentin regeneration by dental pulp stem cell, dental epithelium and dental mesenchyme
Grant number:18390514 2006 - 2008
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
KANYAMA Manabu, KUBOKI Takuo, MATSUKA Yoshizou, UEHARA Jyunji, SONOYAMA Wataru, TSUCHIMOTO Yohei
Grant amount:\15200000 ( Direct expense: \12800000 、 Indirect expense:\2400000 )
歯髄幹細胞, 歯胚上皮細胞, 歯胚間葉細胞を用いて, 歯胚発生段階で生じている上皮間葉相互作用を再現することで象牙質を再生しようと試みた.その結果, 上皮間葉相互作用に関連するSonic Hedgehog(Shh)と呼ばれる成長因子が象牙質を産生する象牙芽細胞の増殖や分化を促進することが明らかとなり, このShhが象牙質再生のキーファクターであることが示唆された.また, ヒトの智歯から採取した上皮細胞と間葉細胞を用い上皮間葉相互作用が試験管内で再現できる可能性が見いだされた.
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結合組織成長因子(CCN2/CTGF)を用いた顎顔面領域の三次元軟骨再生
Grant number:18592121 2006 - 2007
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C) 基盤研究(C)
藤澤 拓生, 服部 高子, 滝川 正春, 窪木 拓男, 上原 淳二
Grant amount:\3950000 ( Direct expense: \3500000 、 Indirect expense:\450000 )
本研究では,ドナーサイトから採取した自己軟骨細胞をCCN2/CTGFとともに培養・増幅し、付形した3次元スキャフォードに播種後に移植する新しい顎顔面再生療法を開発するための基礎研究を行い,以下の知見を得た.
細胞実験にはすべて4周齢の日本白色ウサギの耳介より採取した初代耳介軟骨細胞を用いた.
1.CTGFの細胞増殖に対する効果をMTS assayで評価したところ,50ng/mlのCTGF添加により耳介軟骨細胞の細胞増殖は,細胞播種後5日目と7日目にコントロール群と比較すると有意に促進された.
2.DNA合成に対するCTGFの効果を[^3H]thymidineの取り込みを指標に検討したところ,CTGFは濃度依存性に耳介軟骨細胞のDNA合成を上昇させ,50ng/mlでピークに達した(コントロールの約1.5倍).
3.プロテオグリカン合成に対するCTGFの効果は[^<35>S]sulfateの細胞内への取り込みを指標に検討した.プロテオグリカン合成もDNA合成と同様に添加したCTGFの濃度依存性に上昇し,50ng/mlでピークに達した(コントロール群の約1.4倍).
4.軟骨細胞の分化関連マーカー遺伝子の遺伝子発現に対する効果はリアルタイムPCRにて検討した.50ng/mlのCTGFでコンフルエントに達した耳介軟骨細胞を48時間刺激することにより,CTGFの遺伝子発現は1.9倍,エラスチンの遺伝子発現は5倍,2型コラーゲンの遺伝子発現は1.5倍上昇したが,10型コラーゲンの遺伝子発現には有意な発現上昇は認められなかった.またエラスチンのタンパク産生をビクトリアブルー染色で確認したところ,CTGF添加によりビクトリアブルーの染色性は亢進していた.すなわち,エラスチンのタンパク産生はCTGF添加によりコントロール群と比べると亢進していた.一方,アリザリンレッド染色ではその染色性にコントロール群との差は認められなかった.すなわち,CTGF添加により耳介軟骨細胞の石灰化は誘導されなかった.
5.In vivoにおける軟骨再生に対するCTGFの効果は,細胞ペレットをヌードマウスの背部皮下に移植することで検討した.移植後4週に移植片を取り出したところ,CTGF処理群はコントロール群と比べると移植片の大きさが明らかに大きくなっていた.移植片をサフラニン染色したところ,CTGF群,コントロール群ともにサフラニン染色陽性であったが,CTGF群のほうがその染色性は亢進していた.
これらの結果から,CTGFには耳介軟骨細胞においてそのphenotypeを増強する働きがあると考えら,CTGFを弾性軟骨の修復・再生にも応用できる可能性が示唆された。 -
アドレナリンレプターの遺伝子多型からみた慢性筋痛の病態解明と症型分類
Grant number:18659572 2006 - 2007
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 萌芽研究 萌芽研究
前川 賢治, 窪木 拓男, 水口 一, 松香 芳三, 小野 剛
Grant amount:\3200000 ( Direct expense: \3200000 )
1) 頭頸部筋症状とβ2アドレナリン受容体多型の関連性の検討
岡山大学歯学部のヒトゲノム倫理委員会から承認を受け,本学附属病院の顎関節症・口腔顔面痛み専門外来を受診した患者の中で,研究参加に同意の得られた被験者より採血を行った.各被験者のDNAサンプルを取得開始し,現在,約200名のサンプルを保有している.また,切断酵素を用いたβ2アドレナリン受容体の遺伝子多型解析手法を確立した.今後は,β2受容体の遺伝子多型や筋症状に関する因子を予測因子として,多変量解析を用いて統計解析を進めていく予定である.
2) 頚部慢性筋痛者における筋組織内代謝特性に関する疫学的検討
岡山画像センターをがん検診を目的としてPET(Positron Emission Tomography)検査を受診した患者の中で,研究参加に同意の得られたものを対象とした.各被験者からはPET撮像前に頭頸部の慢性筋痛に関するアンケートに回答してもらい,筋痛に有無や場所,疼痛の強さに関するデータを得た.PET画像は,両側僧帽筋上部の規格化された部位にROI (region of interest)を設定し,その部位におけるFDG(F-18フルオロデオキシグルコース)の集積値を求めた.各被験者の基礎データ(年齢,性別,頭頸部慢性筋痛の有無,疼痛強度等)と僧帽筋部のFDGの集積値を予測因子とした多変量解析を行った.その結果,慢性筋痛を訴える被験者ではFDGの集積は有意に低下している結果が得られた.さらに,疼痛強度が強いほど,FDGの集積値は低い傾向にあった.これらの結果は,慢性筋痛者においては筋組織内の代謝が抑制されて可能性を示すものと思われた. -
Bone regeneration with degradable hydrogels and genetically modified, recombinant human BMP-2 with two additional repeats of the heparin-binding domain.
Grant number:18592125 2006 - 2007
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
NAWACHI Kumiko, KUBOKI Takuo, KANYAMA Manabu
Grant amount:\3790000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 、 Indirect expense:\390000 )
A genetically modified, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteirr2 with two additional repeats of the heparin-binding domain, derived from E coli (rhBMP-2 T4) has shown a stronger osteoinductivity than wild-type rhBMP-2. The aim of this study was to find a suitable carrier fix rhBMP-2 T4 in order to enhance bone regeneration. The in vitro and in vivo release profiles of^<125>I-labelled rhBMP-2 T4 incorporated into 6 kinds of gelatin hydrogels with different isoelectric point (IEP) were investigated. As a result, the higher the IEP was, the longer the rhBMP2 T4 radioactivity was preserved. To elucidate the osteoinductivity difference of the rhBMP2 T4/hydrogels composites, two high IEP gelatin hydrogels: a basic gelatin hydrogel (PI9) and a modified PI9 with spermine (SM), were implanted at critical-sized defects in the rat calvaria. The mean normalized radio-opacity against the surrounding intact bone in the PI9 group was significantly higher than those in the SM (p<0.001) and the control (without carrier) groups (p<0.001). The observed radio-opacity increase in the PI9 group was clearly related to the bone formation at the defect. Therefore, we concluded that PI9 is a suitable carrier for the rhBMP-2 T4 to enhance bone regeneration.
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Genetic analysis of monoamine transporter and relation to the frequency of the nocturnal bruxism.
Grant number:18592122 2006 - 2007
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
MINAKUCHI Hajime, MAEKAWA Kenji, KUBOKI Takuo, KITAYAMA Shigeo
Grant amount:\3920000 ( Direct expense: \3500000 、 Indirect expense:\420000 )
RESEARCH #1
Purpose: The relationship between sleep bruxism (SB) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is unclear. This study aimed to estimate SB prevalence in an adolescent population and investigate the relationship between SB frequency and prevalence of the TMD signs/symptoms. Materials and Methods: First year high school students were recruited, and 195 subjects responded in this study. The subjects were divided into severe and non-severe SB groups with SB frequency and were received clinical examinations and interview. The odd-ratio (OR) were calculated to test the relationship between SB frequency gender difference and presence of the TMD signs/symptoms by multiple regression analysis. Results: Severe SB was significantly related to the presence of TMJ click (OR: 3.74, P= 02), while gender(male) was not related to that In contrast, severe SB was not related to headache, while gender (male)was significantly related to headache(OR: 2.52, P= 04). Conclusion: These results suggested that the presence of a TMJ click was closely related to the severe SB in an adolescent population.
RESEARCH #2
Objective: Novel miniature EMG analyzer (BiteStripR, S.L.P. Israel) occasionally showed error message when applied in Asian subjects. In response, the version-up model has been developed, and this study verified this modification. Methods: Six severe bruxism volunteers who had been diagnosed by portable electromyography and video recording participated this continuous 5-nights BiteStrip recording. The incidence rates of error message were compared. Results: The incidence of error message in the version-up systems (1/30, 3.3%) was significantly lower than that in the conventional system (14/30, 46.7%, p<0.01, Chi-square test). Conclusion: This modification was able to reduce the incidence of the error message.
RESEARCH #3
Objective: No research has been achieved regarding to the validity of bruxism assessment considering the daily fluctuation. This study aimed to verify the 1-night, 2-night and 3-night assessment of bruxism compared to the result of 10-straght night assessment. Methods: Fifteen TMD clinic patients were asked to measure individual bruxism level by means of using BiteStrip for 10 straight nights. The mode value of the result of 10-straight night was set as gold standard. The validity of 1-night test, 2-night test and 3-night test was calculated compared to prior gold standard. Result and summary: Totally 8 patients participated this study. The sensitivity, specificity and validity of 1-night test were 0.87-0.90, 0.74-0.80 and 0.82-0.88, respectively. This indicated the 1-night test could demonstrate the moderated diagnostic accuracy. -
オゾン照射によるエルビウムヤグレーザー照射象牙質の脆弱層強化
Grant number:18592123 2006
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C) 基盤研究(C)
峯 篤史, 窪木 拓男, 松香 芳三, 鈴木 一臣, 土本 洋平
Grant amount:\2600000 ( Direct expense: \2600000 )
牛切歯掛冠部唇側象牙質を用い,試料の半分はう蝕試料として人工脱灰溶液に5日間象牙質を浸漬した.それぞれの試料は3等分し.2試料にレーザー(Er : YAG, CO2)照射を行った.Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (DS-720,TOPCON)を使用し,加速電圧20kVの条件で観察し,Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) (Voyager III M3100. Noran Instrument Inc.)を用いてビーム電流50〜100pA,測定時間150秒の条件で測定した.測定結果からO/PおよびCa/Pを算出した.
その後オゾン照射(ヒールオゾン,Kavo)し同様に形態観察および元素測定を行った.
統計解析はまず歯質(健全,う蝕),処理(無処理,レーザー照射),オゾン照射(有,無)という三条件の影響を三元配置分散分析にて確認した後. Sheffe法を用いて有意水準5%で有意差検定した.
形態観察では各処理による著明な変化は認められないものの,CO2レーザー照射およびオゾン照射により閉じた象牙細管がより観察される傾向があった.
三元配置分散分析の結果,O/Caにおいては歯質(F=1.173,P=.281),処理(F=2.443,P=.0955),オゾン照射(F=2.320,P=.1330)のいずれも有意な影響を受けさなかった.一方,Ca/Pにおいては,オゾン照射の有無に有意な影響を受けなかったが(F=3.330,P=.0730),歯質(F=7.097,P=.0099,)および処理(F=7.846,P=.0009)は有意な影響を及ぼした.表面処理においてSheffe法によりCO2レーザー,Er : YAGレーザー間に有意差が認められた.
以上により,象牙質に対するオゾン照射により形態的ならびに元素的には大きな変化が認められないが明らかになった. -
Newly developed bio-active implant by minute control of apatite coating layer.
Grant number:17390516 2005 - 2008
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
MAEKAWA Kenji, YOSHIDA Yasuhiro, KUBOKI Takuo
Grant amount:\17020000 ( Direct expense: \15400000 、 Indirect expense:\1620000 )
失われた歯を補う目的で顎の骨に埋入されるチタンインプラントが,早期に確実に骨と結合して治療期間が短縮できるよう,チタン表面に生物学的な表面の改質を施した.具体的には,生体内に埋入された時に骨と親和性の高いアパタイトがチタン表面に自己形成される酸化膜を施し,骨の形成能が亢進される表面を開発した。また,ポリリン酸をチタン表面に吸着させることにより,高い生体活性を有するチタンインプラントの開発に繋がる可能性を示した。
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Establishment of Information Basis for Tooth Regeneration
Grant number:17209062 2005 - 2008
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
KUBOKI Takuo, UEDA Minoru, KANYAMA Manabu, TAKASHIBA Syogo, TSUJI Takashi, TAKIGAWA Masaharu, ASAHAR Hiroshi, TUCHIMOTO Youhei, SONOYAMA Wataru, TAGAWA Youichi
Grant amount:\48880000 ( Direct expense: \37600000 、 Indirect expense:\11280000 )
マウスの歯の発生時に認められる遺伝子を検索し、従来報告のなかった28個の遺伝子を同定した。エナメル質形成細胞の成熟は、周囲に存在する細胞が制御していることを証明した。高脂血症治療薬(スタチン)は、象牙質の形成を促進し、歯科治療薬として応用しうることを示した。顎骨に存在する細胞は、手足の骨の細胞とは異なる性質を有していること、また、顎骨の再生促進に成長因子(結合組織成長因子、塩基性線維芽細胞増殖因子)が応用可能であることを確認した。
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Synthesis of a novel functional monomer and development of an adhesive system appropriate to laser-irradiated dental tissues
Grant number:17390517 2005 - 2007
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
SUZUKI Kazuomi, YOSHIDA Yasuhiro, IRIE Masao, TANAKA Jiro, NISHIYAMA Norihiro, KUBOKI Takuo
Grant amount:\16390000 ( Direct expense: \15700000 、 Indirect expense:\690000 )
Introduction: The use of Er:YAG laser for catty preparations during treatment of dental caries has received attention because there is no unpleasantness of noise and vibration as with air turbine and micromotor, and there is no need of anesthesia for treatment. However, we found that conventional dental adhesive systems do not perform sufficiently well on Er:YAG laser irradiated dental surfaces, and moreover, one of its reasons is the weakness of dental surfaces after laser irradiation. So, due to its importance and clinical significance, we aimed to clarify the dental structure after Er:YAG laser irradiation and its quality as an adhesive surface, along with the development of a new adhesive system appropriate to this surface.
Materials and Methods: 1) Adhesive surfaces preparation: Er:YAG laser (Erwin, Morita Co.) was irradiated with 127mJ, 10pps for 2 sec for enamel and with 69mJ, 10pps for 2 sec for dentin. 2) The primers of the adhesive systems were prepared with triazine-, aminoacid-, and epoxy-methacrylate/HEMA and alcohol. 3) The adhesive surfaces above were treated with each type of primer, phosphoric acid esther bonding agent and filled with composite resin (Clearfil APX, Kuraray Co.), then immersed in water at 37□for 24 hours before bond strength measurements.
Results and Discussion: The bond strength of epoxy type primer system to Er:YAG laser irradiated dental adhesive surfaces was 18.6MPa for enamel (control: Megabond/Kuraray Co.; 12MPa), and 17.2MPa for dentin (control: 9MPa). The authors say that these results may be due to oxygen that exists in the space created by microcracks that occurred during laser irradiation of dental adhesive surfaces. As conventional dental adhesives, used in the control group, are of radical polymerization type, the polymerization reaction decrease remarkably in the presence of oxygen. On the other hand, the ring opening polymerization type resin tested in this study may be not much influenced by the presence of oxygen during reaction. -
Development of chair-side assay system for ongoing bone loss with peri-implant sulcus fluids
Grant number:17592025 2005 - 2007
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
ARAKAWA Hikaru, KUBOKI Takuo, KANYAMA Manabu, UEHARA Junji, NAWACHI Kumiko, SEIYA Yamasaki
Grant amount:\3440000 ( Direct expense: \3200000 、 Indirect expense:\240000 )
The first aim of this study was to detect MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13 in the pen-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) collected from peri-implantitis sites and to determine any correlations between the MMPs presence/absence and the ongoing or future bone loss. Four peri-implantitis and four matched control patients were included in this study. Annually adjusted vertical bone loss (AVBL) was calculated to determine the annual velocity of the bone loss. PISF was analyzed by Western blotting utilizing anti-human monoclonal antibodies specific for MMP-1, -8 and -13. In the group of peri-implantitis patients, MMP-8 was detected in the PISF from three active peri-implantitis sites whose AVBL were more than 0.8 mm per year. Meanwhile, MMP-8 was not detected in the PISF from the remaining six implants whose AVBL at PISF sampling was less than 0.6 mm per year. In the control patients, MMP-8 was not detected in any PISF. MMP-1 and -13 could not be found in any PISF samples. According to the findings, it was clarified that MMP-8 could be a good marker for predicting ongoing bone loss around dental implants. The next aim was to identify the risk factors in clinical success rates of osseointegration (SRO) using multivariate analysis. Subjects were consecutive patients who had been installed dental implants with rough surface in our hospital from February 1990 to March 2007. Logistic regression analysis showed that no predictor variables were risk factors for SRO with recent rough surface dental implants. The third aim was to assess oral-health-related QoL (OHQoL) levels before and after treatment in partial edentulous patients with implant-supported dentures, fixed and removable partial dentures and to compare OHQoL-based treatment effectiveness among those treatment modalities. This indicates that implant-supported dentures can improve the patients OHQoL level much higher than the fixed and removable restorations.
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The practice of anti-cytokine treatment for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Grant number:17592024 2005 - 2006
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
UEHARA Junji, KUBOKI Takuo, FUJISAWA Takuo, MINAKUCHI Hajime
Grant amount:\3400000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 )
We examined in vitro and in vivo for achievement of "The practice of anti-cytokine treatment for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis".
Confluent cultured cells of rat primary articular chondrocytes were stimulated with TNFα, IL-1β or both cytokines for 24 hours. The anti-TNFα biological drug (etanercept) was added after stimulation with cytokines 6 and18 hours later. The gene expressions of mmp3, 9 and 13 in chondrocytes were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR.
1) Compared with control condition, cytokine stimulation significantly up-regulate the gene expression of each mmps at 24h. Under both cytokines stimulation condition, the gene expression of each mmps was more up-regulation than under TNFα or IL-1β stimulation condition.
2) Etanercept addition inhibited the up-regulation of mmp3, 9 and 13 gene expressions under TNFα or both cytokines stimulation condition. But each mmps gene expressions were not inhibited by etanercept at any time points under IL-1β stimulation condition.
3) The up-regulation of the gene expression of mmp3 or mmp9 stimulated by TNFα was significantly inhibited by etanercept at 24 h, at 12 and 24 h, respectively.
Etanercept was injected into the knee joint of the monoiodoacetic acid (MIA) induced experimental rat osteoarthritis model to histologically evaluate the effect on inhibition of damaged cartilage.
1) All of rats injected etanercept were not inhibited their articular cartilage damage.
These results indicated that etanercept had the inhibitory effect on the expression of MMP3, 9 and 13 induced TNFα in OA-like condition. Though mmp3, 9 and 13 gene expressions were not inhibited in the IL-1β addition, each mmps gene expressions were inhibited by etanercept in the both TNFα and IL-1β addition. Therefore it may be hopeful that etanercept is effective on the treatment of osteoarthritis with severe inflammation such as synovial tissue inflammation. Unfortunately the effectiveness of etanercept was not positive in vivo. We should evaluate the validity of this investigation in the future study.
In this investigation, we could not achieve the final objective of "The practice of anti-cytokine treatment for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis". But present results are needful data for us to accomplish the purpose of this study. -
Assessment of gene transfer method for induction of osseo integration on dental implant
Grant number:16591948 2004 - 2006
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
SUZUKI Koji, KUBOKI Takuo, KANYAMA Manabu
Grant amount:\3500000 ( Direct expense: \3500000 )
CTGF gene transfer to the osteoblasts could be a promising strategy to accelerate bone formation. In this study, we investigated the possibility of recombinant adenovirus to transfer CTGF genes to a mouse osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1) cell line in vitro, and bone regeneration process after tooth extraction.
Rrecombinant adenovirus encoding the LacZ gene (Ax1CALacZ) were applied to the MC3T3-E1 cells with 5, 10 and 50 multiplicity of infection (MOI). At one day after transfection, those cells were stained with X-gal. As the result, the MOI 50 transfection dosage produced almost 80% X-gal staining of the cells without any obvious cell damages. Recombinant adenovirus encoding the human CTGF gene with CAG promotor (Ax1CACTGF) were fabricated and applied to the MC3T3-E1 cells in the MOI 50 dose. CTGF mRNA translation and protein production by the transfected cells were assessed by RT-PCR and western blotting of the harvested cells using a prepared primer set and an anti-human-CTGF antibody at 1, 3 and 7 days after transfection. Ax1CACTGF transfection caused a marked up-regulation in CTGF mRNA expression and CTGF protein even 7 days after transfection.
The sequential phase appearances of extraction wound healing were clearly observed by histological examination from 2 to 14 days after extraction. At 7 days after extraction, infilling with woven bone was observed from the socket margin with trabecular bone radiating toward the center of the socket, and at 14 days after, the extraction socket was almost fully filled by newly generated bone that underwent remodeling During any healing processes observed in the extraction wound, no cartilage-like cells were evident in the socket as determined by S-0 staining -
Epidemiological and clinical research by a miniature bruxism detection device - Verify the prevalence, proportionate contribution for TMD and efficacy of oral appliance therapy -
Grant number:16591949 2004 - 2005
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
MINAKUCHI Hajime, MAEKAWA Kenji, KUBOKI Takuo
Grant amount:\3600000 ( Direct expense: \3600000 )
Objective : Sleep bruxism (SB) has been assessed by a self-estimated questionnaire and/or degree of tooth attrition. However these reliabilities were recognized insufficient to detect on-going SB events. One solution can be a miniature self-contained EMG detector-analyzer (BiteStrip○!R, S.L.P. Israel) that can be applied directly to the masseter muscle. Our previous study demonstrated this device has sufficient reliability to detect bruxism events with polysomnography as a golden standard (sensitivity : 0.92, specificity : 0.91); however, this device occasionally showed error message when applied in Asian subjects. This would be potentially due to skin resistance difference between Asian and Caucasians. In response, the version-up model has been developed recently to solve this problem. This study verified the improvement of this device. SB also has been hypothesized as a precipitating/perpetuating factor in TMD signs and symptoms. However, the direct relationship between the SB level and prevalence of the TMD signs and symptoms were still unclear, because of the difficulty in measuring the SB severity epidemiologically. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship in an adolescent population by using a miniature SB detection device (BiteStrip○!R, S.L.P. Israel).
Methods : Six healthy volunteers (1 female and 5 males, mean age 24.5+/-0.55) who had been diagnosed as bruxisers by means of portable electromyography assessment and concomitant video recording and participated continuous 10-nights BiteStrip recordings. Each subject was applied both conventional and version-up BiteStrip on their bilateral buccal skin surface individually during continuous 5-nights. The incidence rates of error message were compared. The 1st degree students of a high school were exhaustively recruited, and 195 students (male/female : 86/109, mean age 15.4±0.5 yr) among them participated in this survey. They received clinical examination and were explained the usage of BiteStrip. Bruxism episodes were detected at their 30% MVC threshold, and total number of SB episodes was classified into 0-3 (<40, 41-74, 75-124 and ≦ 125, respectively). Relationship between their SB levels and presence/absence of the TMD signs and symptoms (clicking, limitation of mouth opening (LMO), headache, shoulder stiffness) were calculated, and odd-ratio and confidence interval (CI) were estimated by a simple regression analysis.
Results : The incidence (rates) of error message in the conventional and version-up systems were 14/30 (46.7%) and 1/30 (3.3%) and the incidence in the version-up system was significantly lower than that in the conventional systems (p<0.01, Chi-square test). Of which 195 responders, 29 subjects didn't return BiteStrip and 40 BiteStrip showed error or no indication. Severe bruxier (≧score 3) had 3.58 times higher prevalence of TMJ clicking (95% CI : 1.21-10.39, P=0.02), whereas other signs and symptoms showed no significant relation.
Conclusion : This modification made in the version-up BiteStrip was able to reduce the incidence of the error message in this system. The device appears to be clinically applicable even for Asian population. These results supported TMJ clicking can be associated with severe bruxism. However this study measured SB in one night, multiple SB recordings should be included in a further research. -
チタン表面への生体分子および細胞接着挙動のナノレベル・2次元・リアルタイム測定
Grant number:16659533 2004 - 2005
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 萌芽研究 萌芽研究
吉田 靖弘, 鈴木 一臣, 窪木 拓男, 平田 伊左雄, 田川 陽一, 長岡 紀幸
Grant amount:\3300000 ( Direct expense: \3300000 )
チタンは医学・歯学の分野において人工歯根・人工骨の材料として重要な位置を占めており,その用途・規模は年々拡大している。本研究はチタンを用いた人工歯根・人工骨の治療期間短縮ならびに適応範囲拡大を目指し,チタン表面での生体物質の相互作用をnmオーダーでかつ多点で解析するシステムとして,2次元イメージング表面プラズモン解析装置(SPR)に適したイメージングSPR用チタンセンサーの設計・チタンSPRセンサー作製を目指した。
本研究のチタンSPRセンサーは二酸化チタンを直接表面に被覆せず,金属チタン表面を大気中で酸化させた。測定結果より,本研究で開発したチタンSPRセンサーは,タンパク質吸着量をng/mm^2のオーダーで精密に測定できることが明らかとなった。また,このセンサーを用いることにより,タンパク質の吸着過程を経時的に測定することも可能となった。これより,チタンセンサーは大気中で酸化された金属チタン表面での生体分子の相互作用を求める上で極めて有用であることが示唆された。
また,今回作製した2次元イメージングSPRは,(1)表面に存在する極微量の物質をpg〜ng/cm^2のオーダーでリアルタイムに定量可能,(2)多数の生体分子間相互作用に関するデータを瞬時に取得可能,(3)2次元平板上で同時に起こる複数(〜数1,000種類)の反応をパラレル分析することが可能であった。さらにユニークな特徴として(4)イメージングSPRでありながら正確な入射光角度-反射光強度のSPRスペクトルを測定可能であり,他のイメージングSPRと比べてより正確な物質吸着量を求めることができるなどの優れた長所を有していることも明らかとなった。
以上より,2次元イメージングSPRとチタンSPRセンサーはチタン材料の生体適合性の研究に重要な役割を果たすことが期待できる。