Research Projects -
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Grant number：24560712 2012.04 - 2015.03
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
NARUMI Daisuke
Authorship：Principal investigator Grant type：Competitive
Grant amount：\5460000 （ Direct expense: \4200000 、 Indirect expense：\1260000 ）
Firstly, this study tried a detailed evaluation about the effect of energy conservation retrofitting for a grocery store upon energy consumption and consumers’ purchase behavior. Concerning the energy consumption, the retrofitting could reduce 45% a year. In addition, consumers had an affirmative impression for the retrofitting that would give a bad influence to consumers.
Secondly, we focused on the cold refrigerating showcase (refrigeration equipment), we attempted to quantitative evaluation of energy conservation measures related to the cold refrigerating showcase. Consequently, by adopting closed reach-in type showcase instead of open multi-stage type as a cold leakage countermeasure, energy consumption of refrigerating machine was reduced 69% in July average. For the annual savings of the entire store considering the air conditioning load was 27%, while the consumption of the air conditioner was greatly increased, since the refrigerating machine and defrosting heater was reduced. -
Grant number：23246100 2011.04 - 2014.03
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
SADOHARA Satoru, KUNO Satoru, TANAKA Takahiro, TOMINAGA Yoshihide, KOSE Hiroyuki, OZAKI Akihito, NARUMI Daisuke, NAKAYAMA Satoshi, YOSHIDA Satoshi, GASSHO Akira, ABE Nobuyuki
Grant type：Competitive
Grant amount：\48360000 （ Direct expense: \37200000 、 Indirect expense：\11160000 ）
In order to obtain a method for environmental assessment of synthetic city planning for mitigation and adaption of global climate change, this study involved collaboration between eleven architectural environmental engineering professionals. Each researcher focused on their field of expertise, and mechanisms of actual conditions and measurements in the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere, with a specific focus on the flow of energy and heat, were analyzed in common study fields, sharing the base data and the research results using GIS. As a result of this study, collaboration between the researchers was realized, and important findings regarding subterranean heat islands, ecosystem services, and so on were made. Thus, the collaborative research method used in this study was verified. This method could be further developed upon to create a sound environmental assessment system for synthetic city planning in the future.
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Grant number：23360437 2011.04 - 2014.03
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
GENCHI Yutaka, IHARA Tomohiko, FUKUDA Sanae, NARUMI Daisuke
Grant type：Competitive
Grant amount：\18460000 （ Direct expense: \14200000 、 Indirect expense：\4260000 ）
Energy must be consumed, e.g. for air conditioning, to mitigate impacts of air temperature increases on health, such as sleep disturbance. We examined the direction of a measure that balances health impacts and energy consumption. Medical knowledge about health impacts was investigated, surveys on fatigue and sleep disturbance were conducted, and the relations of air temperature rise with health impact, fitness habits, and air-conditioning use were analyzed.
Results show that the measure to mitigate sleep disturbance requires comprehensive consideration of air conditioning use, health conditions, and the relation between sleep and fatigue.
We also assessed the effects of measures to reduce peak electricity demand in summer. Results indicate that scheduled power outages are unlikely to reduce peak electricity demand because the rise in room temperature during the power outage would result in a larger increase in electricity demand by air conditioning when the power supply is returned. -
Evaluation of long-term energy technology innovation by urban energy system simulator
Grant number：22656216 2010 - 2011
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
SHIMODA Yoshiyuki, YAMAGUCHI Yohei, NARUMI Daisuke
Grant amount：\3460000 （ Direct expense: \3100000 、 Indirect expense：\360000 ）
Change of energy technologies in the future is predicted by surveying governmental reports on energy technology perspective. Using these results as an input of energy system simulation program of energy end use in residential district and business district, smart grid and district heating and cooling system, the impact of these future technologies on urban energy flow is quantified.
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低炭素社会に向けた住宅・非住宅建築におけるエネルギー削減のシナリオと政策提言
2008.04 - 2011.03
環境省
村上周三
Grant type：Competitive
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PDCA Dual Cycle Support System for Countermeasures of Heat Island
Grant number：20360261 2008 - 2010
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
MORIYAMA Masakazu, TAKEBAYASHI Hideki, TANAKA Takahiro, YOSHIDA Atsumasa, NISHIMURA Shinya, NABESHIMA Minako, NARUMI Disuke, KONDO Akira, OSAWA Teruo, MIYAZAKI Hiroshi, SHIBAIKE Hideki, NISHIOKA Masatoshi, SAKAKI Ai
Grant amount：\19370000 （ Direct expense: \14900000 、 Indirect expense：\4470000 ）
The idea of PDCA cycle was applied to the countermeasures of heat island with simulation study sub-system. It was constructed on the web system. (1) The countermeasure methods of heat island was filed up, and the database was constructed. (2) The heat island phenomenon in Osaka region was simulated using MM5 and WRF model. The climate improvement methods were able to evaluate by the construction. (3)The database system of observation was constructed under cooperating with some universities for monitoring. (4) The system is operate and the improvement points were to be clear by evaluating through the questionnaire and hearing.
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Scenario setting for sustainable urban energy system using virtualurban model
Grant number：18360273 2006 - 2008
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
SHIMODA Yoshiyuki, MIZUNO Minoru, NARUMI Daisuke, YAMAGUCHI Yohei
Grant amount：\16930000 （ Direct expense: \14500000 、 Indirect expense：\2430000 ）
都市のエネルギー消費および二酸化炭素排出量を高い精度で予測できるシミュレーションモデルを開発し、それを用いて具体的に将来の都市・国土の二酸化炭素削減シナリオを策定した。家庭部門については大阪市および大阪府豊中市、中国上海市についてモデル化を行い、また適用対象を我が国全体に拡大して2025年までの温室効果ガス削減シナリオを示した。また、業務部門については大阪市および豊中市を対象に削減シナリオを示した
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都市熱環境緩和に向けた大気熱負荷評価システムの開発
Grant number：17760470 2005 - 2006
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 若手研究(B) 若手研究(B)
鳴海 大典
Grant amount：\3500000 （ Direct expense: \3500000 ）
建設・建築行為やエネルギー消費システムの選択に伴う都市熱環境への影響度を適切に定量評価し、都市熱環境へ配慮した都市形態へ誘導していくための評価システムが必要不可欠と考えるが、このようなツールは未だ十分に開発されていないのが現状である。以上の背景を鑑み、本研究では面的開発行為やエネルギー消費システムの選択に対する屋外熱環境評価ツールの開発を最終的な目標として掲げ、建設・建築行為やエネルギー消費システムから発生する大気熱負荷の簡易定量化手法の確立、さらには熱負荷の発生時刻や発生位置などによる熱負荷拡散性状の違いを考慮した大気熱負荷評価手法の確立を目的として種々の検討を進めた。以下に得られた成果を述べる。
1)大気熱負荷評価システムの枠組みに関する検討
前年度の成果を基に大気熱負荷評価システムの全体枠組みを検討した。評価の概要としては、まず検討対象地域・建物から発生する時刻別大気熱負荷を推計する。続いて、この大気熱負荷量に時刻別の重み係数を乗じ、最終的には気温等への影響度で重み付けられた日積算大気熱負荷として定量化することによって、熱の拡散特性と都市熱環境に与えるインパクトを考慮した評価指標を定義することとなる。さらには、都市熱環境緩和に最大限配慮したベース大気熱負荷値を設定することによって、現状の開発計画と理想代替案との相対評価を行うことも可能とした。
2)大気熱負荷評価の具体的なケーススタディー
1)で確立された評価システムを用い、具体的な建物や開発計画街区を対象にケーススタディーを実施した。ケーススタディーでは、開発計画における大気熱負荷の試算、基準熱負荷との比較などを経て、開発計画当初案の都市熱環境に対する配慮の優劣を評価する。ケーススタディーの対象には地表面被覆のみならず、空調機器などのエネルギー消費機器も含まれる。また、各種都市熱環境緩和技術を導入した場合の改善効果について熱負荷評価を行い、可能な限りベース大気熱負荷値に近い値を示す対策メニューの導入に向けて誘導を図るものとした。 -
情報化・世帯構成変化・機器効率・気象の影響を予測する都市エネルギー最終需要モデル
2004.04 - 2007.03
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B)
下田吉之
Grant type：Competitive
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Urban Energy End-use model which is able to predict the effects of information-oriented society, change in the distribution of household makeup, energy efficiency of appliances and change in climate.
Grant number：15360310 2003 - 2005
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
SHIMODA Yoshiyuki, MIZUNO Minoru, NARUMI Daisuke
Grant amount：\11100000 （ Direct expense: \11100000 ）
Urban Energy End-use model which is able to predict the effects of information-oriented society, change in the distribution of household makeup, energy efficiency of appliances and change in climate is developed for residential sector and non-residential sector respectively. In these models, the annual energy consumption in various types of residential buildings or non-residential buildings in the objective area are simulated from their thermal load characteristics, occupants' behavior schedule, weather data, and energy efficiencies of appliances. By summing up the simulation results with the weights based on the number of each household type or the total floor area of each non-residential building class, the total energy consumption in the residential sector or the non-residential sector in the objective region can be estimated.
For the effect of information-oriented society, field measurement is conducted for estimating energy consumption of office equipment and energy saving potential of the power management. From these results, evaluation method for energy efficiency of personal computer is also discussed. The change of energy use by telecommuting working at home, which is one of the most important change in information-oriented society, is simulated for residential and office buildings by modeling the differences of the occupants' behavior. The effect of urban heat island on building energy use is also examined.
The change of total energy consumption in Osaka City due to the dissemination of energy-saving measures, co-generation system and heat-pump water heater is predicted by applying this model. In the non-residential sector, energy supply system where one building installs a CHP system and delivers generated electricity and recovered steam to a neighboring building are examined. The scenario of energy system transformation in the future is proposed for each district in Osaka City and the potential of greenhouse gas reduction and the necessity of land use change are also discussed. -
流域圏自然環境の多元的機能の劣化診断手法と健全性回復施策の効果評価のための統合モデルの開発
2002.04 - 2006.03
環境省
加賀昭和
Grant type：Competitive
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都市内部の熱環境負荷低減を目的とした環境情報データベースの構築・活用に関する研究
Grant number：12750529 2000 - 2001
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A) 奨励研究(A)
鳴海 大典
Grant amount：\2100000 （ Direct expense: \2100000 ）
1)3次元数値気候モデルを用いた大阪府域における気候特性再現・構造把握に関する検討
昨年度の検討結果から、緑被率の増加や人工廃熱の削減が都市熱環境の改善(特に夜間)に有効であることが示されたことを受け、海陸風や人工廃熱の地域的な広がりといったメソスケール現象が地域熱環境に及ぼす影響を考慮すべく、昨年度構築した環境負荷関連因子に関するデータベース(土地利用、建蔽・容積率、人工廃熱分布など)を数値気候モデルの境界条件として利用することによって、大阪府域の気候特性の再現ならびに構造の把握を試みた。その結果、大阪府域の気候特性(気温および風の分布性状)を全般かつ地域的に再現した上で、特に人工廃熱が都市気温や地域の風況に与える影響に関して、その地域差や時間特性、対策範囲の影響など様々な知見を得ることが可能となった。
2)種々の都市熱環境改善策が都市熱環境に及ぼす影響に関する検討
上述の3次元数値気候モデルを用いて、大阪府域において具体的な都市熱環境改善策を適用した場合の都市気温や地域の風況に与える影響について定量評価を行った。具体的な策として、「廃熱潜熱化」、「道路や屋上の緑化」、「高反射素材の利用」、「畜熱冷房システムの普及」、「CGS地域熱供給システムの導入」を取り上げた。
3)高次指標による都市熱環境改善策の定量評価
各改善策の影響を市民や行政者レベルで理解しやすい形式で表現し、今後の都市熱環境緩和対策の基礎資料として活用することを目的として、「SET*」、「30℃超え延べ時間」、「陸風変化時刻」、「大気熱負荷量」、「電力需要変化量」の各指標により定量評価を行った。例えば、日中気温の低下が見られた「畜熱冷房システム」を導入した場合には、気温低下による大阪市中央区の「電力需要減少量」は平均世帯約2万5千戸の日電力消費量に相当することが示された。