Faculty Profiles - ZAMAMI Yoshito

Papers - ZAMAMI Yoshito

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Development of a novel aortic dissection mouse model and evaluation of drug efficacy using in-vivo assays and database analyses. Reviewed

Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa, Masaki Imanishi, Yoshito Zamami, Toya Hiroki, Nagao Tomoko, Marin Morishita, Koichi Tsuneyama, Yuya Horinouchi, Yoshitaka Kihira, Kenshi Takechi, Yasumasa Ikeda, Koichiro Tsuchiya, Masanori Yoshizumi, Toshiaki Tamaki, Keisuke Ishizawa

Journal of Hypertension 2018

Hydrocortisone administration was associated with improved survival in Japanese patients with cardiac arrest. Reviewed International journal

Takahiro Niimura, Yoshito Zamami, Toshihiro Koyama, Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa, Masashi Miyake, Tadashi Koga, Keisaku Harada, Ayako Ohshima, Toru Imai, Yutaka Kondo, Masaki Imanishi, Kenshi Takechi, Keijo Fukushima, Yuya Horinouchi, Yasumasa Ikeda, Hiromichi Fujino, Koichiro Tsuchiya, Toshiaki Tamaki, Shiro Hinotsu, Mitsunobu R Kano, Keisuke Ishizawa

Scientific reports 7 ( 1 ) 17919 - 17919 2017.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

There are few reports on hydrocortisone administration after cardiac arrest, and those that have been published included few subjects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydrocortisone administration on the outcomes of patients who experienced cardiac arrest. We investigated the survival discharge rates and the length of hospital stay from cardiac arrest to discharge, stratified by use of hydrocortisone, using a Japanese health-insurance claims dataset that covers approximately 2% of the Japanese population. The study included the data of 2233 subjects who experienced either in-hospital or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 2005 and May 2014. These patients were divided into two groups, based on the administration of hydrocortisone. We adjusted the baseline characteristics, medical treatment, and drug administration data of the two groups using propensity scores obtained via the inverse probability of treatment weighted method. The hydrocortisone group had a significantly higher survival discharge rate (13/61 [21.1%] vs. 240/2172 [11.0%], adjusted odds ratio: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.60-10.98, p = 0.004). In addition, the administration of hydrocortisone was independent predictor of survival to discharge (hazard ratio: 4.6, p < 0.001). The results demonstrate a correlation between hydrocortisone administration and the high rates of survival to discharge.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-17686-3

Patterns of CT use in Japan, 2014: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Reviewed International journal

Toshihiro Koyama, Yoshito Zamami, Ayako Ohshima, Yusuke Teratani, Kazuaki Shinomiya, Yoshihisa Kitamura

European journal of radiology 97 96 - 100 2017.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: To describe CT usage in Japan by age, gender, and region and to clarify the relationship between aging and CT examination rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using openly accessible data from the National Database, which includes all Japanese health insurance claim data from 2014. These data are anonymized and publicly available as spreadsheets. Therefore, this study did not require institutional review board approval. We calculated the rate of CT examinations per 1000 population by age, sex, and region with 99% confidence intervals. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between CT rate and aging in each region. RESULTS: We analyzed 28.1 million CT scans, and the rate per 1000 population was 221.5 (99% CI, 221.4-221.6). By age, the corresponding rate for age 0-9 years was 28.9, that for age 10-9 years was 48.6, that for 20-29 years was 52.2, that for 30-39 years was 69.0, that for 40-49 years was 105.9, that for 50-59 years was 177.6, that for 60-69 years was 303.3, that for 70-79 years was 532.5 and that for ≥80 years was 801.5. The rate for male individuals was 233.6 and that for females was 210.0. The CT examination rate was 171.7 and 296.0 in the lowest- and highest-frequency regions, respectively. The average correlation coefficient between the aging rate in each region and the CT examination rate was 0.58 (0.35-0.74, p=0.00002). CONCLUSION: In Japan, the CT examination rate per 1000 population was high (third highest in the world). Age may be a factor that increases CT use. Furthermore, because variation in CT examination rates by age, gender, and region were observed, it is necessary to standardize CT utilization.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.10.023

Meta-analysis of the efficacies of amiodarone and nifekalant in shock-resistant ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Reviewed International journal

Shiho Sato, Yoshito Zamami, Toru Imai, Satoshi Tanaka, Toshihiro Koyama, Takahiro Niimura, Masayuki Chuma, Tadashi Koga, Kenshi Takechi, Yasuko Kurata, Yutaka Kondo, Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa, Toshiaki Sendo, Hironori Nakura, Keisuke Ishizawa

Scientific reports 7 ( 1 ) 12683 - 12683 2017.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Amiodarone (AMD) and nifekalant (NIF) are used in the treatment of ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia; however, only few studies have been conducted on their efficacies. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted. Relevant sources were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi. The outcomes were short-term and long-term survival in patients with shock-resistant ventricular fibrillation /pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Thirty-three studies were analysed. The results showed that, compared to the control treatment, AMD did not improve short-term survival (odds ratio (OR): 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91-1.71) or long-term survival (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.63-1.57). However, compared to the control treatment, NIF significantly improved short-term survival (OR: 3.23, 95% CI: 2.21-4.72) and long-term survival (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.36-2.59). No significant difference was observed in short-term survival (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.63-1.15) or long-term survival (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.67-2.31) between AMD- and NIF-treated patients. The results suggest that NIF is beneficial for short-term and long-term survival in shock-resistant ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia; however, the efficacy of AMD in either outcome is not clear.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-13073-0

Dietary iron restriction alleviates renal tubulointerstitial injury induced by protein overload in mice. Reviewed International journal

Yasumasa Ikeda, Yuya Horinouchi, Hirofumi Hamano, Tasuku Hirayama, Seiji Kishi, Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa, Masaki Imanishi, Yoshito Zamami, Kenshi Takechi, Licht Miyamoto, Keisuke Ishizawa, Ken-Ichi Aihara, Hideko Nagasawa, Koichiro Tsuchiya, Toshiaki Tamaki

Scientific reports 7 ( 1 ) 10621 - 10621 2017.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Increased proteinuria causes tubulointerstitial injury due to inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron restriction exhibits protective effects against renal dysfunction; however, its effects against protein overload-induced tubulointerstitial damage remain unclear. Here, we investigated dietary iron restriction effect on tubulointerstitial damage in mice with protein-overload tubulointerstitial injury. Renal tubulointerstitial injury in animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of an overdose of bovine serum albumin (BSA). We divided mice into three groups: normal saline + normal diet (ND), BSA + ND, and BSA + iron-restricted diet (IRD). BSA overload induced renal tubulointerstitial injury in the ND mice, which was ameliorated in the IRD mice. Inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix mRNA expression was upregulated in BSA + ND mice kidneys and was inhibited by IRD. BSA-induced increase in renal superoxide production, NADPH oxidase activity, and p22phox expression was diminished in the IRD mice. IRD suppression increased BSA-induced renal macrophage infiltration. Moreover, BSA mice exhibited nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein (NLRP) inflammasome activation, which was inhibited by IRD. Ferrous iron increased in kidneys with BSA overload and was inhibited by IRD. Thus, iron restriction inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory changes, contributing to the protective effect against BSA overload-induced tubulointerstitial injury.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-11089-0

Evaluation of factors associated with the achievement of an optimal teicoplanin trough concentration . Reviewed International journal

Kenshi Takechi, Hiroaki Yanagawa, Yoshito Zamami, Keisuke Ishizawa, Akihiro Tanaka, Hiroaki Araki

International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 55 ( 8 ) 672 - 677 2017.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: Because teicoplanin has a long serum half-life, a longer period of time is needed to achieve a steady-state concentration compared with vancomycin. The administration of an initial loading dose has been recommended to reach an effective teicoplanin serum concentration for the treatment of methicillin-resistant <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> (MRSA). However, little is known regarding factors that affect teicoplanin concentration. This study aimed to retrospectively determine which factors are associated with achieving an optimal teicoplanin trough level. METHODS: We analyzed patients with MRSA infections who were treated with teicoplanin intravenously between January 2010 and July 2014. The effect of loading dose administration was evaluated in patients treated with 1,200 mg or 1,600 mg of teicoplanin, respectively. RESULTS: Approximately 32% (31/97) of patients achieved the trough concentration target (≥ 15 µg/mL) on the 3^rd or 4^th day. Multivariate analysis showed that loading doses and body surface area (BSA) were associated with trough concentration > 15 µg/mL on the 3^rd or 4^th day. Moreover, patients treated with the 2-day loading dose (1,600 mg group: 800 mg/day on 2 days) promptly achieved a trough concentration > 15 µg/mL on the 3^rd or 4^th day compared with those receiving a 1-day loading dose (1,200 mg group: 800 mg/day on only 1 day). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the optimal cut-off point of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 56 mL/min with 1-day loading dose to achieve a trough concentration target > 15 µg/mL. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that patients with decreased renal function (eGFR < 56 mL/min) can safely achieve an optimal trough level with the 1-day loading dose. In patients with normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 56 mL/min), administration of a 2-day loading dose may be needed to rapidly achieve a trough concentration ≥ 15 µg/mL. .

DOI： 10.5414/CP203009

HSP105 prevents depression-like behavior by increasing hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in mice. Reviewed International journal

Naoya Hashikawa, Yuta Utaka, Takumi Ogawa, Ryo Tanoue, Yuna Morita, Sayumi Yamamoto, Satoru Yamaguchi, Masafumi Kayano, Yoshito Zamami, Narumi Hashikawa-Hobara

Science advances 3 ( 5 ) e1603014 - e1603014 2017.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are stress-induced chaperones that are involved in neurological disease. Although increasingly implicated in behavioral disorders, the mechanisms of HSP action, and the relevant functional pathways, are still unclear. We examined whether oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), a known HSP inducer, produced an antidepressant effect in a social defeat stress model of depression in mice. We also investigated the possible molecular mechanisms involved, particularly focusing on hippocampal neurogenesis and neurotrophic factor expression. In stressed mice, hippocampal HSP105 expression decreased. However, administration of GGA increased HSP105 expression and improved depression-like behavior, induced hippocampal cell proliferation, and elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in mouse hippocampus. Co-treatment with GGA and the BDNF receptor inhibitor K252a suppressed the antidepressant effects of GGA. HSP105 knockdown decreased BDNF mRNA levels in HT22 hippocampal cell lines and hippocampal tissue and inhibited the GGA-mediated antidepressant effect. These observations suggest that GGA administration is a therapeutic candidate for depressive diseases by increasing hippocampal BDNF levels via HSP105 expression.

DOI： 10.1126/sciadv.1603014

Effects of endogenous nitric oxide on adrenergic nerve-mediated vasoconstriction and calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerve mediated vasodilation in pithed rats Reviewed

Kousuke Yamawaki, Yoshito Zamami, Hiromu Kawasaki, Shingo Takatori

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 802 69 - 75 2017.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Vascular adrenergic nerves mainly regulate the tone of blood vessels. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing (CGRPergic) vasodilator nerves also participate in the regulation of vascular tone. Furthermore, there are nitric oxide (NO)-containing (nitrergic) nerves, which include NO in blood vessels as vasodilator nerves, but it remains unclear whether nitrergic nerves participate in vascular regulation. The present study investigated the role of nitrergic nerves in vascular responses to spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and vasoactive agents in pithed rats. Wistar rats were anesthetized and pithed, and vasopressor responses to SCS and injections of norepinephrine were observed. To evaluate vasorelaxant responses, the BP was increased by a continuous infusion of methoxamine with hexamethonium to block autonomic outflow. After the elevated BP stabilized, SCS and injections of acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and CGRP were intravenously administered. We then evaluated the effects of the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester hydrochloride (L-NAME), on these vascular responses. Pressor responses to SCS and norepinephrine in pithed rats were enhanced by L-NAME, while the combined infusion of L-NAME and L-arginine had no effect on these responses. L-NAME infusion significantly increased the release of norepinephrine evoked by SCS. In pithed rats with artificially increased BP and L-NAME infusion, depressor response to ACh (except for 0.05 nmol/kg) was suppressed and SNP (only 2 nmol/kg) was enhanced. However, depressor responses to SCS and CGRP were similar to control responses. The present results suggest endogenous NO regulates vascular tone through endothelium function and inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission, but not through CGRPergic nerves.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.041

Effect of Nerve Growth Factor on Innervation of Perivascular Nerves in Neovasculatures of Mouse Cornea Reviewed

Akiko Matsuyama, Shingo Takatori, Yoko Sone, Eiko Ochi, Mitsuhiro Goda, Yoshito Zamami, Narumi Hashikawa-Hobara, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Hiromu Kawasaki

BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 40 ( 4 ) 396 - 401 2017.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN

Angiogenesis, which is the generation of new vascular networks from existing blood vessels, occurs under normal and pathophysiological conditions. Perivascular nerves, which innervate mature vasculatures, maintain vascular tone and regulate tissue blood flow. However, little is known whether perivascular nerves innervate newborn blood vessels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and characterization of perivascular nerves in neovasculatures, which were generated by the mouse corneal micropocket method. Under anesthesia, a pellet containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (100 ng/pellet) was implanted into a mouse cornea in one side of the eyeball. Nerve growth factor (NGF) was locally (2 or 20ng) applied with the pellet, or subcutaneously (40 ng/h for 7d) administered with an osmotic mini-pump. After the implantation, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and perivascular nerves in the cornea were immunohistochemically studied. Neovessels generated from existing limbal vessels were observed in pellet-implanted cornea. Immunostaining of neovasculatures showed the presence of CD31-like immunoreactive (LI) endothelial cells and a-smooth muscle actin-LI vascular smooth muscles. Perivascular nerves immunostained by protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, an axonal marker, were found in the existing limbal vessels, but they were not observed in neovasculatures. Local and subcutaneous treatment of NGF inhibits bFGF-derived angiogenesis and resulted in loop-shaped vessels that had many anastomoses, and produced innervation of PGP 9.5-LI perivascular nerves around bFGF-derived neovessels. These findings suggest that neovasculatures have no innervation of perivascular nerves, and that NGF facilitates innervations of perivascular nerves to regulate the blood flow in neovessels.

DOI： 10.1248/bpb.b16-00583

電気的除細動抵抗性心室細動/無脈性心室頻拍に対するニフェカラントの有効性評価メタ解析アミオダロンとの効果比較

佐藤志帆, 今井徹, 田中敏, 座間味義人, 名倉弘哲

日本薬学会年会要旨集 137年会 ( 4 ) 75 - 75 2017.3

Pharmacological approach for drug repositioning against cardiorenal diseases. Reviewed

Yoshito Zamami, Masaki Imanishi, Kenshi Takechi, Keisuke Ishizawa

The journal of medical investigation : JMI 64 ( 3.4 ) 197 - 201 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

New applications of approved clinically used drugs are being discovered. Drug repositioning is a proposed strategy for developing these drugs as therapeutic agents for different diseases. Currently, approximately 2000 drugs are used in Japan. However, the compound targets and pathways involved in the pharmacological actions of 70-80% of these drugs have not been adequately clarified. Pharmacological examination of approved drugs is an important task in drug repositioning and vital for improving drug development efficiency. This review reports that angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers show receptor-independent effects against reactive oxygen species generation in renal cells. Additionally, nitrosonifedipine has an antioxidative effect and protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress, and pioglitazone has multiple effects that improve dysfunctions in vascular control regulated by adrenergic and calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing nerves in animal models of diabetes. These data suggest that some approved drugs could be useful for treating cardiorenal diseases. Since cardiorenal diseases are likely to have chronic pathological conditions and require chronic drug administration, highly safe drugs are needed. Compared to newly developed drugs, drug repositioning of approved drugs with safety information is considered a particularly useful technique for searching new treatments for cardiorenal diseases. J. Med. Invest. 64: 197-201, August, 2017.

DOI： 10.2152/jmi.64.197

Psychiatric Patients with Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Menstruation Disorders. Reviewed

Kenshi Takechi, Yurika Yoshioka, Hitoshi Kawazoe, Mamoru Tanaka, Shingo Takatori, Miwako Kobayashi, Ichiro Matsuoka, Hiroaki Yanagawa, Yoshito Zamami, Masaki Imanishi, Keisuke Ishizawa, Akihiro Tanaka, Hiroaki Araki

Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 40 ( 10 ) 1775 - 1778 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Treatment with antipsychotic drugs has been associated with hyperprolactinemia. The same antipsychotic drugs have also been associated with side effects such as menstruation disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and menstruation disorders in women undergoing antipsychotic treatment. We performed a retrospective chart review study of psychiatric patients who underwent laboratory testing for serum prolactin (PRL) level between March 2011 and March 2015 in Ehime University Hospital. Patients presenting with and without menstruation disorders were evaluated to determine if they presented concomitant hyperprolactinemia. Patients with menstrual disorders had a significant increase in serum PRL level with a mean of approximately 90 ng/mL. Those with menstrual disorders presented increased PRL levels by 2-fold that of patients without menstrual disorder. However, there was no significant difference in the equivalent dose of chlorpromazine between these two groups. Additionally, about 70% of patients with menstrual disorders received risperidone treatment. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the optimal cutoff point of serum PRL level associated with the development of menstrual disorders was 60 ng/mL. Based on these results, we concluded that patients with menstrual disorders presented increased serum PRL, and that most of them underwent treatment with risperidone.

DOI： 10.1248/bpb.b17-00053

Nerve Growth Factor Facilitates the Innervation of Perivascular Nerves in Tumor-Derived Neovasculature in the Mouse Cornea Reviewed

Yoko Sone, Shingo Takatori, Eiko Ochi, Yoshito Zamami, Akiko Matsuyama, Satoko Fukuhara, Mitsuhiro Goda, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Hiromu Kawasaki

PHARMACOLOGY 99 ( 1-2 ) 57 - 66 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：KARGER

Background: Tumor neovascular vessels are not innervated by perivascular nerves. This study was an investigation of the effects of the nerve growth factor (NGF) on the distribution of perivascular nerves and neovessel formation in tumor tissues. Methods: A gel containing DU1 45 prostate carcinoma cells or HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells was implanted into mouse corneas. NGF was subcutaneously administered using an osmotic mini-pump. The distribution of perivascular nerves in mouse corneas and densities of CD31-immunopositive neovessels and smooth muscles (alpha-smooth muscle actin, alpha-SMA) in tumor tissues were quantified. Summary: Neovessels generated from corneal limber arteries in tumor tissues were observed 4-14 days after the implantation of tumor cells. The density of CD31-innmunopositive cells in endothelium increased after the implantation of DU145 or HT1080 cells, while that of alpha-SMA-immunopositive cells slightly increased. The NGF treatment significantly increased the density of alpha-SMA- but not that of CD31-innmunopositive cells (except for DU145 cells) and resulted in the innervation of perivascular nerves around tumor-derived neovessels, whereas no innervation was observed in the control group. Key Messages: These results suggest that NGF facilitates the innervation of perivascular nerves to regulate blood flow into tumor-derived neovessels. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel

DOI： 10.1159/000450582

Kamishoyosan and Shakuyakukanzoto promote recovery from paclitaxel-induced neurite retraction in PC12 cells. Reviewed International journal

Ken Konaka, Kota Moriyama, Takumi Sakurada, Naoto Okada, Masaki Imanishi, Yoshito Zamami, Kazuyoshi Kawazoe, Shuji Fushitani, Keisuke Ishizawa

Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences 3 20 - 20 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: In chemotherapy, the full round of treatment must be completed as scheduled to achieve the strongest therapeutic effect. However, peripheral neuropathy, a severe side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel, can force the premature discontinuation of treatment. As some kampo practitioners have suggested that it may be possible to counteract such side effects, we analyzed the effects of Kamishoyosan, Shakuyakukanzoto, and Goshajinkigan in an in vitro model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. METHODS: Paclitaxel-treated PC12 cells were assessed for neurite length and performed Western blot analysis for growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and light neurofilament protein (NF-L) levels in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF); they were re-assessed, with additional testing for acetylcholinesterase levels, after application of one of the kampo. We also compared phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 and Akt via Western blot analysis. About effect of kampo to anticancer efficacy, we confirmed cell cytotoxicity in A549 cells using MTT assay. RESULTS: Addition of Kamishoyosan or Shakuyakukanzoto, but not Goshajinkigan, significantly improved neurite length and GAP-43 and NF-L levels from paclitaxel-treated PC12 cells, relative to those of only NGF-treated PC12 cells. The promoting effect of Kamishoyosan and Shakuyakukanzoto in neurite outgrowth is confirmed when NGF promoted neurite outgrowth, and it was inhibited partially when Erk1/2 and Akt were blocked by Erk1/2 inhibitor or Akt inhibitor alone. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth induced by TJ24 and TJ68 was inhibited more strongly when Erk1/2 inhibitor and Akt inhibitor were treated at the same time. NGF with Kamishoyosan or Shakuyakukanzoto promoted the proportion of phosphorylated Erk1/2 and phosphorylated Akt compare with NGF only. On the other hand, Kamishoyosan or Shakuyakukanzoto didn't influence cytotoxicity of paclitaxel in A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Kamishoyosan or Shakuyakukanzoto promotes neurite outgrowth with NGF via increasing the proportion of phosphorylated Erk1/2 and phosphorylated Akt in PC12 cells. The effect applies to recovery from paclitaxel-induced axonal involvement and might promote recovery from paclitaxel-induced neuropathy without influence of anticancer effect of paclitaxel.

DOI： 10.1186/s40780-017-0090-y

[Drug Repositioning Research Utilizing a Large-scale Medical Claims Database to Improve Survival Rates after Cardiopulmonary Arrest]. Reviewed

Yoshito Zamami, Takahiro Niimura, Kenshi Takechi, Masaki Imanishi, Toshihiro Koyama, Keisuke Ishizawa

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 137 ( 12 ) 1439 - 1442 2017

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Approximately 100000 people suffer cardiopulmonary arrest in Japan every year, and the aging of society means that this number is expected to increase. Worldwide, approximately 100 million develop cardiac arrest annually, making it an international issue. Although survival has improved thanks to advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, there is a high rate of postresuscitation encephalopathy after the return of spontaneous circulation, and the proportion of patients who can return to normal life is extremely low. Treatment for postresuscitation encephalopathy is long term, and if sequelae persist then nursing care is required, causing immeasurable economic burdens as a result of ballooning medical costs. As at present there is no drug treatment to improve postresuscitation encephalopathy as a complication of cardiopulmonary arrest, the development of novel drug treatments is desirable. In recent years, new efficacy for existing drugs used in the clinical setting has been discovered, and drug repositioning has been proposed as a strategy for developing those drugs as therapeutic agents for different diseases. This review describes a large-scale database study carried out following a discovery strategy for drug repositioning with the objective of improving survival rates after cardiopulmonary arrest and discusses future repositioning prospects.

DOI： 10.1248/yakushi.17-00139-3

Drug-administering persons’ exposure to oral anticancer drugs to be administered through a tube Reviewed

Masahiro Murakami, Satoko Katsuragi, Masako Ohno, Makoto Shigematsu, Ayumi Kishi, Yoshito Zamami, Fusao Komada, Naomi Kurata, Manabu Amano

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9 ( No.3 ) 316 - 319 2016.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd

Objective: The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate anticancer drug exposure of non-health care professionals who administer drugs through a tube employing a method devised by us. Methods: The subjects were 30 general volunteers aged 22-84 years. They wore gloves and administered Indian ink, simulating an anticancer drug, to a multipurpose adult human-type patient care simulator through a tube using 5 types of syringe, and the area stained with Indian ink was measured. Results: When comparing the number of pixels among the syringes regardless of age, Syringe B showed the lowest number (11.8±3.1 cm2), and there was a significant difference between Syringes B and E. Furthermore, we compared the total number of pixels in each age group regardless of the type of syringe. In the 20-year-old group, it was the lowest (10.9±2.3 cm2) showing significant differences in comparison with the other groups. When Syringe B was used, the number of pixels was markedly lower than on adopting the other syringes. Conclusion: It was clarified that the level of exposure to anticancer drugs markedly varies depending on the type of syringe and age. It was also clarified that the method to evaluate exposure to anticancer drugs using Indian ink devised by us is simple and useful.

DOI： 10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.13040

Evaluation of pharmaceutical lifesaving skills training oriented pharmaceutical intervention. Reviewed International journal

Zamami Y, Imai T, Imanishi M, Takechi K, Shiraishi N, Koyama T, Sagara H, Shiino Y, Sendo T, Ishizawa K

Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences 2 ( 1 ) 21 - 21 2016.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Our high-performance patient simulator-based lifesaving skills training program not only increased the participants' understanding of the training content but also increased their confidence in their ability to perform pharmaceutical interventions. Therefore, the pharmaceutical lifesaving skills training program we developed will contribute to the education of emergency care pharmacists who can perform pharmaceutical interventions for emergency patients.

DOI： 10.1186/s40780-016-0054-7

Possibility of Pharmacist in Emergency Medical Care: To Bring Up a Familiar Pharmacist for Emergency Care by Fusing Clinical Pharmacist Activity and University Education Foreword Reviewed

Yoshito Zamami, Toshihiro Koyama, Hironori Nakura, Shuichi Enomoto

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI-JOURNAL OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 136 ( 7 ) 965 - 965 2016.7

Pharmaceutical Education Focused on Pharmacotherapy in Emergency Medical Care Reviewed

Yoshito Zamami, Toshihiro Koyama, Toru Imai, Akane Takemoto, Hidenori Sagara, Toshiaki Sendo, Hironori Nakura

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI-JOURNAL OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 136 ( 7 ) 987 - 991 2016.7

Language：Japanese Publisher：PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN

Pharmacists are expected to be active members of the healthcare team in emergency medicine, because many pharmaceuticals are administered to patients with life-threatening conditions. However, adequate education for pharmacists and pharmacy students is not provided. The "Emergency Pharmaceutical Sciences" course was introduced for the first time in Japan by the Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University, to offer advanced education in emergency medicine and research related to critical care. We offer an emergency pharmaceutical training program with high-performance simulators and have succeeded in improving the clinical skills and confidence of pharmacy students. In this review, we introduce our activities intended to mold pharmacy students into emergency pharmacists who can contribute to emergency medicine.

DOI： 10.1248/yakushi.15-00286-4

Vascular responses to compound 48/80 in rat mesenteric vascular beds Reviewed

Honghua Jin, Zhen Li, Shingo Takatori, Toshihiro Koyama, Xin Jin, Yoshito Zamami, Hiromu Kawasaki, Pengyuan Sun

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 94 ( 6 ) 620 - 626 2016.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS

A further investigation was performed on the vascular effect of endogenous histamine using the histamine releaser, compound 48/80, in rat mesenteric vascular beds with active tone. In preparations with intact endothelium, low concentrations of compound 48/80 (1.53 x 10(-5)-3 x 1.53 x 10(-5) mg/mL) perfusion for 1 min only induced a small vasodilation. High concentrations of compound 48/80 (1.53 x 10(-4)-3 x 1.53 x 10(-2) mg/mL) induced a biphasic vascular responses, an initial vasoconstriction followed a subsequent long-lasting vasodilation. The vasodilation induced by low concentrations of compound 48/80 and the vasoconstriction induced by high concentration of compound 48/80 was inhibited by olopatadine. However, cimetidine did not affect the responses induced by compound 48/80. Endothelium removal enlarged the compound 48/80-induced phase-2 vasoconstriction, while it attenuated the phase-3 vasodilation. Additionally, indomethacin and seratrodast significantly inhibited vasoconstriction but it did not affect the long-lasting vasodilation induced by high concentrations of compound 48/80. Ruthenium red inhibited the vasodilation induced by low concentrations and high concentrations of compound 48/80. These results suggest that the vasoconstriction induce by high concentrations of compound 48/80 is mediated by endogenous histamine released from mast cells. It is also suggested that thromboxane A(2) released from mast cells is related to the vasoconstriction.

DOI： 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0442

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