研究者詳細 - 渡部　昌実

論文 - 渡部　昌実

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PP-125 性同一性障害患者(FTM)に対するテストステロン補充量の検討(性機能障害,一般演題ポスター,第97回日本泌尿器科学会総会)

大石智子, 石井和史, 渡部昌実, 公文裕巳, 松本裕子

日本泌尿器科学会雑誌 100 ( 2 ) 348 - 348 2009年

Dynamin 2 Cooperates with Amphiphysin 1 in Phagocytosis in Sertoli Cells 査読

Akira Nakanishi, Tadashi Abe, Masami Watanabe, Kohji Takei, Hiroshi Yamada

ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA 62 ( 6 ) 385 - 391 2008年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL

Testicular Sertoli cells highly express dynamin 2 and amphiphysin 1. Here we demonstrate that dynamin 2 is implicated in phosphatidylserine (PS)-dependent phagocytosis in Sertoli cells. Immunofluorescence and dual-live imaging revealed that dynamin 2 and amphiphysin 1 accumulate simultaneously at ruffles. These proteins are specifically bound in vitro. Over-expression of dominant negative dynamin 2 (K44A) inhibits liposome-uptake and leads to the mis-localization of amphiphysin 1. Thus, the cooperative function of dynamin 2 and amphiphysin 1 in PS-dependent phagocytosis is strongly suggested.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/30954

Down-regulation of Inhibition of Differentiation-1 via Activation of Activating Transcription Factor 3 and Smad Regulates REIC/Dickkopf-3-Induced Apoptosis 査読

Yuji Kashiwakura, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Masami Watanabe, Fernando Abarzua, Masakiyo Sakaguchi, Munenori Takaoka, Ryuta Tanimoto, Yasutomo Nasu, Nam-ho Hub, Hiromi Kumon

CANCER RESEARCH 68 ( 20 ) 8333 - 8341 2008年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH

REIC/Dickkopf-3 (Dkk-3), a tumor suppressor gene, has been investigated in gene therapy studies. Our previous study suggested that REIC/Dkk-3-induced apoptosis mainly resulted from phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH2 kinase (JNK) in prostate cancer cells. However, the precise mechanisms, especially the molecular mechanisms regulating JNK phosphorylation, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms participating in JNK phosphorylation in the context of a refractory cancer disease, malignant mesothelioma (MM). Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of REIC/Dkk-3 induced apoptosis mainly through JNK activation in immortalized MM cells (211H cells). Interestingly, transcriptional down-regulation of inhibition of differentiation-1 (Id-1) was detected in REIC/Dkk-3-overexpressed 211H cells. Moreover, restoration of Id-1 expression antagonized REIC/Dkk-3-induced JNK phosphorylation and apoptosis. Mutagenesis experiments with the 2.1-kb human Id-1 promoter revealed that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and Smad interaction, with their respective binding motifs, was essential for REIC/Dkk-3-mediated suppression of Id-1 promoter activity. ATF3 activation was probably induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Finally, we showed strong antitumor effects from REIC/Dkk-3 gene transfer into the pleural cavity in an orthotopic MM mouse model. Relative to control tumor tissue, REIC/Dkk-3-treated tumor tissue showed down-regulated expression of Id-1 mRNA, enhanced expression of phosphorylated JNK, and an increased number of apoptotic cells. In summary, we first showed that both ATF3 and Smad were crucially and synergistically involved in down-regulation of Id-1, which regulated JNK phosphorylation in REIC/Dkk-3-induced apoptosis. Thus, gene therapy with REIC/Dkk-3 may be a promising therapeutic tool for MM. [Cancer Res 2008;68(20):8333-41]

DOI： 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0080

An N-terminal 78 amino acid truncation of REIC/Dkk-3 effectively induces apoptosis 査読

Fernando Abarzua, Yuji Kashiwakura, Munenori Takaoka, Masami Watanabe, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Masakiyo Sakaguchi, Takao Iwawaki, Ryuta Tanimoto, Yasutomo Nasu, Nam-ho Huh, Hiromi Kumon

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 375 ( 4 ) 614 - 618 2008年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE

Overexpression of REIC/Dkk-3 (a tumor suppressor gene) induces cancer cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Therefore, the identification of the portion of REIC/Dkk-3 that causes ER stress may be essential for the development of cancer treatment based on REIC/Dkk-3. Here, we made several truncated forms of REIC/Dkk-3 and investigated their therapeutic potentials against prostate cancer. Among three truncated forms, a variant comprising the N-terminal 78 amino acid region of REIC/Dkk-3 ((1-78) REIC/Dkk-3) most strongly induced ER stress and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells (PC3). For in vivo gene expression, we coupled a biodegradable polymer with naked DNA, which attained robust trans-gene expression in PC3-derived subcutaneous tumor. In therapeutic experiments, we demonstrated that multiple direct injections of polymer-conjugated (1-78)REIC/Dkk-3 plasmid provoke ER stress and significantly reduced the subcutaneous tumor volume compared with the control group. We suggest this non-viral strategy may be an effective alternative to viral gene therapy. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.08.079

Direct and distant antitumor effects of a telomerase-selective oncolytic adenoviral agent, OBP-301, in a mouse prostate cancer model 査読

P. Huang, M. Watanabe, H. Kaku, Y. Kashiwakura, J. Chen, T. Saika, Y. Nasu, T. Fujiwara, Y. Urata, H. Kumon

CANCER GENE THERAPY 15 ( 5 ) 315 - 322 2008年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

We previously constructed OBP-301 ( Telomelysin, a telomerase-specific replication-competent adenovirus with human telomerase reverse transcriptase ( hTERT) promoter), which showed a strong anticancer effect by inducing cell lysis of human non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer cells. To investigate the utility of OBP-301 for prostate cancer treatment, we herein evaluate the cell killing and antitumor effects. First, in vitro hTERT-specific adenovirus transduction in human prostate cancer cells ( LNCaP, PC3, DU145) was confirmed using OBP-401 ( Telomelysin-green fluorescent protein ( GFP)). There was no detectable GFP transduction in the human prostate normal cells ( PrEC, PrSC). Consistently, the cell-killing effect of OBP-301 was observed only in the cancer cells. Second, using an in vivo subcutaneous LNCaP tumor model in nude mice, we demonstrated that three intratumoral OBP-301 injections ( 10(7) PFU per tumor x 3 days) were sufficient to eradicate the detectable LNCaP prostate tumor. We also demonstrated that the ispilateral treatment with OBP-301 significantly suppressed contralateral LNCaP tumor growth in both sides of the tumor model. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed diffuse oncolytic degeneration and adenoviral E1A protein expression in both sides of the tumors. Therefore, in situ OBP-301 administration could be a promising therapeutic strategy against prostate cancer and its metastatic lesions.

DOI： 10.1038/cgt.2008.3

Adenovirus-mediated REIC/DKK-3 gene transfer prevented mesothelioma tumor progressions in orthotopic mice model 査読

Kashiwakura Yuji, Watanabe Masami, Abarzua Fernando, Sakaguchi Masakiyo, Takaoka Munenori, Tanimoto Ryuta, Nasu Yasutomo, Huh Nam-ho, Kumon Hiromi

JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE 10 ( 4 ) 469 - 470 2008年4月

Tumor cell-secreted caveolin-1 has proangiogenic activities in prostate cancer 査読

Salahaldin A. Tahir, Guang Yang, Alexei A. Goltsov, Masami Watanabe, Ken-ichi Tabata, Josephine Addai, El Moataz Abdel Fattah, Dov Kadmon, Timothy C. Thompson

CANCER RESEARCH 68 ( 3 ) 731 - 739 2008年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH

Caveolin, a major structural component of specialized plasma membrane invaginations (caveolae) that participate in diverse cellular activities, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including cancer. We showed in earlier studies that caveolin-1 (cav-1) is consistently and strongly overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and is secreted in a biologically active form by virulent prostate cancer cells. Using both in vitro and in vivo model systems, we now present evidence supporting a proangiogenic role for cav-1 in prostate cancer development and progression. Recombinant cav-1 (rcav-1) was taken up by cav-1(-/-) endothelial cells through either a lipid raft/caveolae- or clathrin-dependent mechanism, leading to specific angiogenic activities (tubule formation, cell migration, and nitric oxide production) that were mediated by rcav-1 stimulation of the PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling module. Pathologic angiogenesis induced by cav-1 in prostate cancer-bearing mice correlated with an increased frequency, number, and size of lung metastases. We propose that in addition to its antiapoptotic role, cav-1 secreted by prostate cancer cells functions critically as a proangiogenic factor in metastatic progression of this tumor. These new insights into cav-1 function in prostate cancer may provide a base for the design of clinically applicable therapeutic strategies.

DOI： 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2668

Amphiphysin 1 is important for actin polymerization During phagocytosis 査読

Hiroshi Yamada, Emiko Ohashi, Tadashi Abe, Norihiro Kusumi, Shun-AI Li, Yumi Yoshida, Masami Watanabe, Kazuhito Tomizawa, Yuji Kashiwakura, Hiromi Kumon, Hideki Matsui, Kohji Takei

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL 18 ( 11 ) 4669 - 4680 2007年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY

Amphiphysin 1 is involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In this study, we demonstrate that amphiphysin 1 is essential for cellular phagocytosis and that it is critical for actin polymerization. Phagocytosis in Sertoli cells was induced by stimulating phosphatidylserine receptors. This stimulation led to the formation of actin-rich structures, including ruffles, phagocytic cups, and phagosomes, all of which showed an accumulation of amphiphysin 1. Knocking out amphiphysin 1 by RNA interference in the cells resulted in the reduction of ruffle formation, actin polymerization, and phagocytosis. Phagocytosis was also drastically decreased in amph 1(-/-) Sertoli cells. In addition, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate-induced actin polymerization was decreased in the knockout testis cytosol. The addition of recombinant amphiphysin 1 to the cytosol restored the polymerization process. Ruffle formation in small interfering RNA-treated cells was recovered by the expression of constitutively active Rac1, suggesting that amphiphysin 1 functions upstream of the protein. These findings support that amphiphysin 1 is important in the regulation of actin dynamics and that it is required for phagocytosis.

DOI： 10.1091/mbc.E07-04-0296

Adenovirus-mediated REIC/Dkk-3 gene transfer inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic prostate cancer model 査読

K. Edamura, Y. Nasu, M. Takaishi, T. Kobayashi, F. Abarzua, M. Sakaguchi, Y. Kashiwakura, S. Ebara, T. Saika, M. Watanabe, N-H Huh, H. Kumon

CANCER GENE THERAPY 14 ( 9 ) 765 - 772 2007年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

We had previously reported that REIC/Dkk-3, a member of the Dickkopf ( Dkk) gene family, works as a tumor suppressor. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of an intratumoral injection with adenoviral vector encoding REIC/Dkk-3 gene ( Ad-REIC) using an orthotopic mouse prostate cancer model of RM-9 cells. We also investigated the in vivo anti-metastatic effect and in vitro anti-invasion effect of Ad-REIC gene delivery. We demonstrated that the Ad-REIC treatment inhibited prostate cancer growth and lymph node metastasis, and prolonged mice survival in the model. These therapeutic responses were consistent with the intratumoral apoptosis induction and in vitro suppression of cell invasion/migration with reduced matrix metalloprotease-2 activity. We thus concluded that in situ Ad-REIC/Dkk-3 gene transfer may be a promising therapeutic intervention modality for the treatment of prostate cancer.

DOI： 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701071

Heat shock proteins play a crucial role in tumor-specific apoptosis by REIC/Dkk-3 査読

Fernando Abarzua, Masakiyo Sakaguchi, Ryuta Tanimoto, Hiroyuki Sonegawa, Dai-Wei L, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Masami Watanabe, Yuji Kashiwakura, Haruki Kaku, Takashi Saika, Keiichiro Nakamura, Yasutomo Nasu, Hiromi Kumon, Nam-Ho Huh

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE 20 ( 1 ) 37 - 43 2007年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS

We recently showed that overexpression of REIC/Dickkopf-3 (Dkk-3), a tumor suppressor gene, induced apoptosis in a tumor cell-specific manner. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms underlying the selective induction of apoptosis. At first, we found a mouse renal carcinoma cell line, RENCA, to be extremely sensitive to an adenovirus carrying REIC/Dkk-3 (Ad-REIC), and we showed that activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was a critical step in cell death, i.e. a process similar to that in human prostate and testicular cancer observed in our previous studies. Among the proteins interfering with the activation of JNK, heat shock protein (Hsp)70/72 was reduced in expression in RENCA cells compared with that in NIH3T3 cells. An Hsp70/72 inducer protected RENCA cells from Ad-REIC-induced apoptosis, while an Hsp70/72 inhibitor sensitized NIH3T3 cells for apoptosis induction. These results indicate that functionally active Hsp70/72 is a key factor in tumor cell-specific induction of apoptotic cell death and that analyses of the expression levels of Hsp70/72 may be essential in determining the significance of Ad-REIC-based gene therapy against human cancer.

テロメラーゼ特異的複製:前立腺癌に対する選択的ウイルス療法(Telomerase-Specific Replication: Selective Virotherapy for Prostate Cancer) 査読

黄鵬, 渡部昌実, 陳潔, 賀来春紀, 那須保友, 雑賀隆史, 藤原俊義, 浦田泰生, 公文裕巳

日本泌尿器科学会雑誌 98 ( 2 ) 458 - 458 2007年2月

Cooperative effects of adenoviral vector-mediated interleukin 12 gene therapy with radiotherapy in a preclinical model of metastatic prostate cancer 査読

T. Fujita, T. L. Timme, K. Tabata, K. Naruishi, N. Kusaka, M. Watanabe, E. Abdelfattah, J. X. Zhu, C. Ren, C. Ren, G. Yang, A. Goltsov, H. Wang, M. T. Vlachaki, B. S. Teh, E. B. Butler, T. C. Thompson

GENE THERAPY 14 ( 3 ) 227 - 236 2007年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

We investigated the potential benefits of combining adenoviral vector mediated in situ interleukin-12 (AdmIL-12) gene therapy with radiation therapy (XRT) to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In a metastatic mouse prostate cancer cell line, 1782 BMA, AdmIL-12+XRT demonstrated enhanced therapeutic activities in vitro as determined by clonogenic survival, apoptosis, and mIL-12 levels. At the molecular level, increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA was specific for the combined therapy. In a subcutaneous 178-2 BMA in vivo model, the combination of AdmIL-12+XRT produced statistically significant tumor growth suppression compared to control vector Ad beta gal, Ad beta gal XRT, or AdmIL-12 as monotherapy. In addition, significant prolongation of survival was demonstrated for the combination of AdmIL-12+XRT. The combination of AdmIL-12+XRT significantly suppressed both spontaneous and pre-established lung metastases, and led to a prolonged elevation of serum IL-12 and significantly increased natural killer (NK) activities. Importantly, in vivo depletion of NK cells resulted in significant attenuation of the antimetastatic activities of AdmIL-12 alone or AdmIL-12+XRT. These combined effects suggest that AdIL-12 gene therapy together with radiotherapy may achieve maximal tumor control (both local and systemic) in selected prostate cancer patients via radio-gene therapy induced local cytotoxicity and local and systemic antitumor immunity.

DOI： 10.1038/sj.gt.3302788

Implication of amphiphysin 1 and dynamin 2 in tubulobulbar complex formation and spermatid release 査読

Norihiro Kusumi, Masami Watanabe, Hiroshi Yamada, Shun-Ai Li, Yuji Kashiwakura, Takashi Matsukawa, Atsushi Nagai, Yasutomo Nasu, Hiromi Kumon, Kohji Takei

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 32 ( 2 ) 101 - 113 2007年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：JAPAN SOC CELL BIOLOGY

Tubulobulbar complexes (TBCs) are composed of several tubular invaginations formed at the plasma membrane of testicular Sertoli cells. TBCs are transiently formed at the contact region with spermatids at spermatogenic stage VII in rat and mouse, and such TBC formation is prerequisite for spermatid release. Since the characteristic structure of TBCs suggests that the molecules implicated in endocytosis could be involved in TBC formation, we here investigated the localization and physiological roles of endocytic proteins, amphiphysin 1 and dynamin 2, at TBCs. We demonstrated by immunofluorescence that the endocytic proteins were concentrated at TBCs, where they colocalized with cytoskeletal proteins, such as actin and vinculin. Immunoelectron microscopy disclosed that both amphiphysin 1 and dynamin 2 were localized on TBC membrane. Next, we histologically examined the testis from amphiphysin 1 deficient {Amph(-/-)} mice. Morphometric analysis revealed that the number of TBCs was significantly reduced in Amph(-/-). The ratio of stage VIII seminiferous tubules was increased, and the ratio of stage IX was conversely decreased in Amph(-/-). Moreover, unreleased spermatids in stage VIII seminiferous tubules were increased in Amph(-/-), indicating that spermatid release and the following transition from stage VIII to IX was prolonged in Amph(-/-) mice. These results suggest that amphiphysin 1 and dynamin 2 are involved in TBC formation and spermatid release at Sertoli cells.

DOI： 10.1247/csf.07024

Adenoviral vector-mediated RTVP-1 gene-modified tumor cell-based vaccine suppresses the development of experimental prostate cancer 査読

K. Naruishi, T. L. Timme, N. Kusaka, T. Fujita, G. Yang, A. Goltsov, T. Satoh, X. Ji, W. Tian, E. Abdelfattah, T. Men, M. Watanabe, K. Tabata, T. C. Thompson

CANCER GENE THERAPY 13 ( 7 ) 658 - 663 2006年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

We previously identified a novel p53 target gene, RTVP-1, that possesses unique cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities which make it potentially useful for cancer gene therapy. To test the therapeutic potential of RTVP-1 in a gene- modified tumor cell-based vaccine model, we used an adenoviral vector capable of efficient transduction and expression of RTVP-1 (AdRTVP-1), together with a highly metastatic mouse prostate cancer cell line (178-2 BMA). A vaccine was prepared with 178-2 BMA cells transduced with AdRTVP-1 or a control adenoviral vector expressing beta-galactosidase (Ad beta gal). After irradiation of the cells, syngeneic 129/Sv mice were vaccinated three times at weekly intervals. After 3 weeks, they were challenged with orthotopic 178-2 BMA cells. After 21 days, fewer than 60% of the RTVP-1-cell-vaccinated mice developed tumors compared to 100% of the control mice. The RTVP-1-cell vaccine significantly reduced primary tumor wet weight compared with control Ad beta gal-cell vaccine (P < 0.0001 at 7 and 14 days). Experimental metastasis to lung was also significantly reduced (P = 0.0377), and survival significantly increased (P = 0.0002). In addition, significantly increased NK and CTL activities were demonstrated in the AdRTVP-1-cell-vaccinated mice. These findings indicate that RTVP-1 gene-modified cell-based vaccines may be useful in the prevention of recurrent prostate cancer.

DOI： 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700919

Extensive biopsy using a combined transperineal and transrectal approach to improve prostate cancer detection 査読

M Watanabe, T Hayashi, T Tsushima, S Irie, T Kaneshige, H Kumon

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 12 ( 11 ) 959 - 963 2005年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING

Purpose: Previous studies have indicated that 6-core transrectal prostate biopsy misses a considerable number of cancers. We performed an extensive biopsy protocol of 12-core sampling using both transperineal and transrectal approaches to determine the impact on the cancer detection rate.
Materials and methods: We prospectively evaluated 402 men who underwent 6-core transperineal and 6-core transrectal biopsies simultaneously due to abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and/or elevated prostate-specic antigen (PSA) levels of 4.0 ng/mL or greater. Using the transperineal approach we obtained four cores from the bilateral peripheral zone targeting the lateral and parasagittal areas and two cores from the bilateral transition zone. The following transrectal biopsy was performed traditionally. We compared cancer detection rate between the extended 12-core procedure and conventional 6-core transperineal and transrectal groups in terms of total PSA and DRE ndings.
Results: Using the extensive combined method, prostate cancer was detected in 195 cases (48.5%) and the detection rate signicantly increased 7.2% and 8.5% compared to the transperineal and transrectal groups, respectively. According to PSA levels and DRE ndings, the cancer detection rate by the combined method was signicantly improved in patients with PSA levels of 4-10 ng/mL and negative DRE: 10.3% and 11.6% compared to the transperineal and transrectal groups, respectively.
Conclusions: The extensive 12-core method signicantly improved the overall cancer detection rate and was especially efcient for men with PSA levels of 4-10 ng/mL accompanied by a negative DRE nding.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01186.x

Minimal invasiveness and effectivity of subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy: a comparative study with retroperitoneal high and laparoscopic approaches 査読

M Watanabe, A Nagai, N Kusumi, H Tsuboi, Y Nasu, H Kumon

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 12 ( 10 ) 892 - 898 2005年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING

Aim: The standard management of varicocele repair is the subject of ongoing controversy. We retrospectively evaluated three surgical methods of varicocele treatment to determine the minimally invasive and most effective procedure.
Methods: We performed 144 varicocelectomies on infertile patients with left clinical varicocele. Of the patients, 50 were treated with retroperitoneal high ligation under lumbar anesthesia, 33 with laparoscopic ligation under general anesthesia, and 61 with subinguinal microscopic ligation under local anesthesia. Operative time, hospital days, and clinical outcomes were compared between these techniques.
Results: The operating time and hospitalization period required for subinguinal microscopic ligation was signicantly shorter compared to those for the other procedures. All patients treated with subinguinal microscopic ligation could achieve normal activity as soon as they returned to their rooms. Postoperative complications were observed in ve (10.0%) cases treated with high ligation and three (9.1%) laparoscopic cases, but were not observed after the subinguinal procedure. There were six cases (12.0%) of recurrence in the high ligation group and six (6.1%) in the laparoscopic group, but none in the subinguinal group. Sperm density was signicantly improved in all procedures postoperatively, but sperm motility was not improved. The two-year pregnancy rate calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 35.8% for high ligation, 40.4% for laparoscopic ligation and 50.9% for subinguinal microscopic ligation, although there were no statistical differences between the three groups.
Conclusion: We concluded that subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy could be a minimally invasive procedure compared to the other two techniques and a worthy method for treating male infertility due to clinical varicocele.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01142.x

Adeno-associated virus-mediated human IL-10 gene transfer suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune orchitis 査読

M Watanabe, Y Kashiwakura, N Kusumi, K Tamayose, Y Nasu, A Nagai, T Shimada, H Daida, H Kumon

GENE THERAPY 12 ( 14 ) 1126 - 1132 2005年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

Testicular germ cell-induced autoimmune orchitis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration followed by disturbance of spermatogenesis. Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is an animal model for human immunological male infertility; delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response plays a key role in its induction. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a regulatory cytokine that is critical in preventing organ-specific autoimmune inflammation. To determine the effects on EAO of human IL-10 (hIL-10) gene transfer, C3H/He mice immunized by unilateral testicular injury were administered intramuscular ( i.m.) injections of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-encoding hIL-10 on the day of immunization. Serum hIL-10 was detected beginning at 1 week postinjection, and peaked at 3 weeks. Histological examinations showed a significantly low incidence of orchitis and disturbance of spermatogenesis in AAV hIL-10-treated mice, and the DTH response to autologous testicular cells was significantly suppressed. Immunohistochemical analysis of IFN-gamma and IL-2, T-cell-associated cytokines, in the spleen and testes revealed significantly fewer cytokine-expressing cells after treatment. We conclude that a single i.m. administration of AAV hIL-10 significantly suppresses EAO and hypospermatogenesis by regulating cell-mediated immunity in the testes.

DOI： 10.1038/sj.gt.3302463

Adeno-associated virus 2-mediated intratumoral prostate cancer gene therapy: Long-term maspin expression efficiently suppresses tumor growth 査読

M Watanabe, Y Nasu, Y Kashiwakura, N Kusumi, K Tamayose, A Nagai, T Sasano, T Shimada, H Daida, H Kumon

HUMAN GENE THERAPY 16 ( 6 ) 699 - 710 2005年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：MARY ANN LIEBERT INC

Maspin is a member of the serine protease inhibitors and the maspin gene, a tumor suppressor gene, is down-regulated in a large fraction of prostate cancers. We evaluated the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV, serotype 2) vector encoding maspin as a means for in vivo gene therapy for human prostate cancer. TUNEL assay of subcutaneously formed LNCaP or DU145 tumors in nude mice showed that intratumoral AAV-mediated maspin expression significantly upregulated the number of apoptotic cells compared with AAV-LacZ treatment. Immunofluorescence double staining for maspin protein and apoptosis in LNCaP tumors showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in AAV-maspin-mediated maspin-expressing cells was significantly high compared with that in AAV-GFP-mediated GFP-expressing cells. Moreover, significantly fewer CD31-positive microvessels were observed in AAV-maspin-treated tumors compared with the control tumors. These therapeutic responses were highly correlated to persistent maspin expression in tumors, confirmed by Western blot analysis until at least day 56 after treatment. Finally, intratumoral delivery of AAV-maspin significantly suppressed growth of LNCaP and DU145 tumors and improved survival of mice. We conclude that AAV-mediated prolonged maspin expression efficiently suppresses human prostate tumor growth in vivo by apoptosis induction and inhibition of angiogenesis.

DOI： 10.1089/hum.2005.16.699

Varicocele rupture due to sexual intercourse 査読

Y Nishiyama, A Nagai, Y Nasu, M Watanabe, N Kusumi, K Monden, H Kumon

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 12 ( 6 ) 585 - 587 2005年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA

Varicocele rupture was diagnosed in a 23-year-old man who presented with swelling and pain in the left scrotum after sexual intercourse. Color Doppler ultrasonography revealed blood flowing into the space surrounding the left testis, a hematoma and reflux of blood in the left spermatic vein. Varicocele rupture is a very rare condition and there have been only five reported cases.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01096.x

Clinical results of one-stage urethroplasty with parameatal foreskin flap for hypospadias 査読

A Nagai, Y Nasu, M Watanabe, N Kusumi, H Tsuboi, H Kumon

ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA 59 ( 2 ) 45 - 48 2005年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL

We investigated the usefulness of one-stage urethroplasty by the parameatal foreskin flap method (OUPF procedure), which is useful for repairing all types of hypospadias. Between June 1992 and March 2001, the OUPF procedure was performed on 18 patients with hypospadias: 10 patients with distal and 8 with proximal hypospadias. The follow-up periods ranged from 33-75 months, with an average of 52 months. The duration of surgery, the catheter indwelling period, and the postoperative complications of each patient were analyzed. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 3 years and 8 months. The length of surgery for OUPF II ranged from 150-230 min (average 186 min), and from 190-365 min (average 267 min) for OUPF IV. Postoperative complications were confirmed in 3 of the 18 patients (16.6%). Two patients had fistulas, and one had a meatal regression. The fistulas were successfully closed by the simple multilayered closure method. After adopting DuoDerm dressings instead of elastic bandages for protection of the wound, no fistulization occurred. DuoDerm dressings are useful in the healing of wounds without complications. To date, the longest follow-up period has been 75 months, and during that time there have been no late complications such as urethral stenosis or penile curvature. OUPF is a useful method in the treatment of hypospadias with a low incidence of early and late complications.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/31964

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