Faculty Profiles - SHIMIZU Kazuyoshi

Papers - SHIMIZU Kazuyoshi

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全身麻酔下脊椎固定術後に奇異性声帯運動を認めた1症例 Reviewed

山﨑友輔、中村龍、溝渕有助、清水一好、森松博史

麻酔 7 ( 5 ) 524 - 528 2022

委員会報告新型コロナウイルス感染症の小児重症・中等症例発生数と重症小児の診療体制 Reviewed

日本集中治療医学会小児集中治療委員会日本小児集中治療連絡協議会COVID-19 ワーキンググループ＊1日本集中治療医学会小児集中治療委員会＊2 ＊ 1 日本集中治療医学会小児集中治療委員会日本小児集中治療連絡協議会COVID-19ワーキンググループ委員長：黒澤　寛史委員：池山　貴也、賀来　典之、川崎　達也、小泉　　沢、齊藤　　修、竹内　宗之、武田　充人、田村　卓也、塚原　紘平、西村　奈穂、清水　直樹＊ 2 日本集中治療医学会小児集中治療委員会委員長：清水　直樹、委員：池山　貴也、賀来　典之、竹内　宗之、三瓶　智美、清水　一好、辻尾有利子、西村　奈穂、新津　健裕、平井　克樹

日集中医誌 29 177 - 180 2022

小児心臓手術における術中トロンボエラストメトリーのA10と術後出血量との関係性 Reviewed

森英明, 戸田雄一郎, 清水一好, 金澤伴幸, 岩崎達雄

麻酔 70 ( 12 ) 1315 - 1321 2021.12

Language：Japanese Publisher：克誠堂出版(株)

小児心臓手術において人工心肺離脱直後のトロンボエラストメトリー(ROTEM Delta、アムコ、東京)の10分での各測定値(amplitude at 10 minutes:A10)が術後ドレーン出血量と関連するかを単施設で後方視的に検討した。対象は18歳未満の、2010年10月1日から2011年7月31日までの小児心臓手術症例で人工心肺離脱時にROTEMを施行した18症例である。INTEM、EXTEM、FIBTEMのA10、maximum clot firmness(MCF)が術後6および24時間出血量と有意に相関関係を認めた。INTEMおよびEXTEMのA10とMCFはそれぞれ強い相関関係を認めた。術後出血量はINTEM、EXTEM、FIBTEM-A10の結果と相関し、検査完了を待たずともA10が確認できれば術後出血量が予測できる可能性がある。(著者抄録)

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Intact survival from severe cardiogenic shock caused by the first attack of atrial tachycardia treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and surgical left atrium appendage resection: a case report. Reviewed International journal

Tatsuhiko Shimizu, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Takanobu Sakura, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tatsuo Iwasaki

JA clinical reports 7 ( 1 ) 81 - 81 2021.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Atrial tachycardia (AT) is rare in children and can usually be reversed to sinus rhythm with pharmacotherapy and cardioversion. We report a rare case of severe left-sided heart failure due to refractory AT. CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old boy had AT with a heart rate of 180 beats/minute, which was refractory to any medication and defibrillation despite the first attack. Due to rapid cardiorespiratory collapse shortly after arriving at our hospital, central extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with left arterial venting was started immediately. Although AT persisted after that, it stopped on the 3rd day after admission following surgical resection of the left atrial appendage thought to be the source of AT. He was weaned off ECMO on the 7th day and ventilator on the 14th day. CONCLUSIONS: The appropriate timing of central ECMO and surgical ablation were effective in saving this child from a life-threatening situation caused by refractory AT.

DOI： 10.1186/s40981-021-00481-5

Preventative effects of bisoprolol transdermal patches on postoperative atrial fibrillation in high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: A subanalysis of the MAMACARI study. Reviewed International journal

Takayuki Iwano, Hironobu Toda, Kazufumi Nakamura, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kentaro Ejiri, Yoichiro Naito, Hisatoshi Mori, Takuro Masuda, Toru Miyoshi, Masashi Yoshida, Yukiko Hikasa, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Hiroshi Ito

Journal of cardiology 78 ( 5 ) 349 - 354 2021.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Perioperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after non-cardiac surgery is a risk factor for cardiovascular events including stroke and death. The aim of this subanalysis of the MAMACARI study, a multicenter randomized control study on the effectiveness of a bisoprolol transdermal patch for prevention of perioperative myocardial injury in high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, was to identify the predictors of POAF after non-cardiac surgery in high-risk patients and to determine changes in blood pressure and heart rate during bisoprolol patch administration in the perioperative period. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients aged over 60 years with hypertension and a high revised cardiac risk index (≥2) who were scheduled to undergo non-cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to a bisoprolol patch group (n = 120) or a control group (n = 120). We divided the patients into two groups: patients with POAF (POAF group; n = 16) and patients without POAF (non-POAF group; n = 206). Multivariate analysis showed that bisoprolol patch therapy (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.092-0.978) and surgery time of 250 min or more (OR: 4.99, 95% CI: 1.37-18.2) were independently associated with POAF. Although systolic blood pressure did not differ significantly between the two groups throughout the perioperative period, treatment with a bisoprolol patch significantly reduced heart rate throughout the perioperative period compared with that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Low dose of a bisoprolol patch in the perioperative period was effective for prevention of POAF after non-cardiac surgery in high-risk patients, while long surgery time was an independent risk factor for POAF. It is expected that low dose of a bisoprolol patch can prevent POAF without causing hypotension.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.05.001

An Evaluation of the Safety and Feasibility of Adenosine-assisted Clipping Surgery for Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms: Study Protocol. Reviewed

Tomohito Hishikawa, Satoshi Murai, Masafumi Hiramatsu, Jun Haruma, Kazuhiko Nishi, Yuki Ebisudani, Yu Sato, Takao Yasuhara, Kenji Sugiu, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Motomu Kobayashi, Koji Nakagawa, Aya Kimura-Ono, Katsuyuki Hotta, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Isao Date

Neurologia medico-chirurgica 61 ( 7 ) 393 - 396 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The effectiveness of adenosine-induced flow arrest in surgical clipping for the cerebral aneurysms with difficulties in temporary clip placement to the proximal main trunk has been reported. This is the first clinical trial to evaluate the safety and feasibility of adenosine-assisted clipping surgery for unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs) in Japan. The inclusion criteria are as follows: patients over 20 years old, patients who agree to be enrolled in this study after providing informed consent, patients who undergo clipping surgery for UCA in our institute, and patients in whom the surgeons (T.H. or I.D.) judge that decompression of the aneurysm is effective. The primary endpoint is a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 30 days after surgery. We plan to enroll 10 patients in this study. The original protocol of adenosine administration was established in this trial. Herein, we present the study protocol.

DOI： 10.2176/nmc.st.2021-0018

Higher preoperative Qp/Qs ratio is associated with lower preoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation in children with ventricular septal defect. Reviewed

Aya Banno, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Kenji Baba, Shinichi Otsuki, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Journal of anesthesia 35 ( 3 ) 442 - 445 2021.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: The relationship between regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and the amount of left-to-right shunt in ventricular septal defect (VSD) patients has not yet been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the association of preoperative pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs) ratio and preoperative rSO2 in patients with VSD. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 49 VSD surgical closure candidates at a single institution. Preoperative Qp/Qs ratio was compared with rSO2 measurements at the time of VSD closure surgery. RESULTS: Forty-nine were eligible for the final analysis. The median age at surgery was 6 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3, 12) months, and 36.7% were male. Atrial septal defects coexisted in 51.0%. There were no genetic abnormalities except trisomy 21 in 32.6% of the patients. Pulmonary hypertension was found in 42.8%. The median Qp/Qs ratio, calculated based on catheter testing results before the surgery, was 2.7 (IQR: 2.1, 3.7). Postoperative rSO2 was significantly higher than preoperative values (52.2 ± 12.9, 63.5 ± 13.1%, p < 0.001). There was an inverse relationship of Qp/Qs and preoperative cerebral rSO2 (r = - 0.11, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: A higher Qp/Qs ratio was associated with a lower preoperative cerebral rSO2 in pediatric patients with VSD.

DOI： 10.1007/s00540-021-02931-x

頭蓋咽頭腫摘出後の血清ナトリウム濃度変動により橋外性髄鞘崩壊症を生じた一小児例

松岡勇斗, 谷真規子, 清水一好, 金澤伴幸, 市川智継, 佐々木達也, 長谷川高誠, 森松博史

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 28 ( 3 ) 227 - 229 2021.5

Language：Japanese Publisher：(一社)日本集中治療医学会

6歳男児。1年前に頭蓋咽頭腫に対して開頭腫瘍摘出術を施行された。今回、頭蓋咽頭腫の再発に対して再度摘出術を施行され、術後2日目に意識障害が出現し、血清Na値が182mmol/Lまで上昇した。中枢性尿崩症と考え、生理食塩水とバソプレシンの持続静注を開始した。術後3日目以降は意識レベルが回復していたが、7日目に意識障害が再度出現し、血清Na値が142mmol/Lまで低下していたため、浸透圧性脱髄症候群を鑑別に挙げて頭部MRIを施行し、橋外性髄鞘崩壊症と診断した。本例は頭蓋咽頭腫が視床下部に強く癒着しており、腫瘍摘出に伴い視床下部機能障害が生じたことで高Na血症が急速に進行したものと考えられた。

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Perioperative Milrinone Infusion Improves One-Year Survival After the Norwood-Sano Procedure. Reviewed International journal

Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Kenji Baba, Shinichi Otsuki, Yasuhiro Kotani, Shingo Kasahara, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 35 ( 7 ) 2073 - 2078 2021.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether milrinone infusion improved one-year survival in patients who underwent the Norwood-Sano procedure. DESIGN: A retrospective observational study. SETTING: A single-institution university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Children who underwent the Norwood-Sano procedure from January 2008 to December 2014. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were categorized into two groups: group E+D, who received routine epinephrine and dopamine infusion, and group M, who received routine milrinone infusion for intra- and postoperative inotropic support. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary outcome of this study was one-year survival after the Norwood-Sano procedure. A total of 45 patients were included (group E+D, 22; group M, 23). One-year survival in group M was significantly higher than that in group E+D (95.7% [22/23] v 72.7% [16/22], p = 0.03). A Kaplan-Meier curve also showed that one-year survival in group M was significantly higher than that in group E+D (p = 0.04), from the result of the log-rank test. The number of patients who had any arrhythmias in the intensive care unit (ICU) was significantly lower in group M than in group E+D (21.7% [5/23] v 50% [11/22], p = 0.03). The duration of ICU stay did not have statistical difference between groups (group M 19; interquartile range [IQR], 15-28) v group E+D 19.5 (IQR, 16.3-35.5) days, p = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative milrinone infusion improved the mortality after the Norwood-Sano procedure. Potential advantages of milrinone compared with epinephrine are fewer arrhythmias and better systemic perfusion, which could decrease lethal cardiac events in the ICU.

DOI： 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.02.017

Successful treatment with positive airway pressure ventilation for tension pneumopericardium after pericardiocentesis in a neonate: a case report. Reviewed International journal

Makiko Tani, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Naohiro Shioji, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Hiroshi Morimatsu

JA clinical reports 6 ( 1 ) 79 - 79 2020.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Pneumopericardium in neonates is often associated with respiratory diseases, of which positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is an exacerbating factor. Here, we present a neonate case of pneumopericardium after cardiac surgery which was resolved after applying PPV. CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-day-old neonate with left recurrent nerve palsy after aortic reconstruction for interrupted aortic arch developed pericardial effusion. Pericardiocentesis was performed under general anesthesia, and a drainage tube was left in the pericardium. After extubation, stridor gradually exacerbated, following hemodynamic deterioration. A chest X-ray demonstrated pneumopericardium. Upper airway stenosis due to recurrent nerve palsy developed excessive negative pleural pressure, and air was drawn into pericardium via the insertion site of the drainage tube. After tracheal intubation and applying PPV, the pneumopericardium improved. CONCLUSION: PPV does not always exacerbate pneumopericardium. In a patient with pericardial-atmosphere communication, increased inspiration effort can cause pneumopericardium, and PPV is a therapeutic option to alleviate the pneumopericardium.

DOI： 10.1186/s40981-020-00384-x

Effects of Bisoprolol Transdermal Patches for Prevention of Perioperative Myocardial Injury in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery - Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study. Reviewed

Hironobu Toda, Kazufumi Nakamura, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kentaro Ejiri, Takayuki Iwano, Toru Miyoshi, Koji Nakagawa, Masashi Yoshida, Atsuyuki Watanabe, Nobuhiro Nishii, Yukiko Hikasa, Masao Hayashi, Hiroshi Morita, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Hiroshi Ito

Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 84 ( 4 ) 642 - 649 2020.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal β-blocker patches, which offer stable blood concentration and easy availability during operation, for prevention of perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) in high-risk patients.Methods and Results:In this randomized controlled trial, patients aged >60 years with hypertension and high revised cardiac risk index (≥2) undergoing non-cardiac surgery were randomly assigned to a bisoprolol patch or control group. Primary efficacy outcome was incidence of PMI, defined as postoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) >0.014ng/mL and relative hs-cTnT change ≥20%. Secondary efficacy outcomes were number of cardiovascular events and 30-day mortality. From November 2014 to February 2019, 240 patients from 5 hospitals were enrolled in this study. The incidence of PMI was 35.7% in the bisoprolol patch group and 44.5% in the control group (P=0.18). Incidence of major adverse cardiac events including non-critical myocardial infarction, strokes, decompensated heart failure and tachyarrhythmia was similar between the 2 groups. Tachyarrhythmia tended to be higher in the control group. There were no significant differences in safety outcomes including significant hypotension and bradycardia requiring any treatment between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Bisoprolol patches do not influence the incidence of PMI and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, but perioperative use of these patches is safe.

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0871

Evaluation of a point-of-care serum creatinine measurement device and the impact on diagnosis of acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac patients: A retrospective, single center study. Reviewed International journal

Satoshi Kimura, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Hirokazu Kawase, Naohiro Shioji, Yasutoshi Kuroe, Satoshi Isoyama, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Health science reports 3 ( 1 ) e143 2020.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and aims: Agreement between measurements of creatinine concentrations using point-of-care (POC) devices and measurements conducted in a standard central laboratory is unclear for pediatric patients. Our objectives were (a) to assess the agreement for pediatric patients and (b) to compare the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) according to the two methods. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included patients under 18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgery and who were admitted into the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital (Okayama University Hospital, Japan) from 2013 to 2017. The primary objective was to assess the correlation and the agreement between measurements of creatinine concentrations by a Radiometer blood gas analyzer (Cregas) and those conducted in a central laboratory (Crelab). The secondary objective was to compare the incidence of postoperative AKI between the two methods based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Results: We analyzed the results of 1404 paired creatinine measurements from 498 patients, whose median age was 14 months old (interquartile range [IQR] 3, 49). The Pearson correlation coefficient of Cregas vs Crelab was 0.968 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.965-0.972, P < 0.001). The median bias between Cregas and Crelab was 0.02 (IQR -0.02, 0.05) mg/dL. While 199 patients (40.0%) were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Crelab, 357 patients (71.7%) were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas (Kappa = 0.39, 95% CI, 0.33-0.46). In a subgroup analysis of patients whose Cregas and Crelab were measured within 1 hour, similar percentage of patients were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas and Crelab (42.8% vs 46.0%; Kappa = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.68-0.84). Conclusion: There was an excellent correlation between Cregas and Crelab in pediatric patients. Although more patients were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas than based on Crelab, paired measurements with a short time gap showed good agreement on AKI diagnosis.

DOI： 10.1002/hsr2.143

Unilateral Lung Recruitment Maneuver for Massive Atelectasis in a Child With Glenn Circulation: A Case Report. Reviewed International journal

Yoshikazu Kimura, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Yasutoshi Kuroe, Makiko Tani, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Hiroshi Morimatsu

A&A practice 13 ( 11 ) 430 - 432 2019.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A 9-year-old girl with Glenn circulation suffered from massive atelectasis of the left lung caused by bleeding during cardiac catheterization. The atelectasis resulted in frequent hypoxia leading to oxygen saturation (SpO2) of 40%-50%. In the intensive care unit, we performed a unilateral lung recruitment maneuver (ULRM) for 2 days. The ULRM involved placement of a bronchial blocker in the right main bronchus and application of continuous positive airway pressure to the left lung without hemodynamic deterioration. Eventually, SpO2 improved to 80%-85%. ULRM can be a treatment option for unilateral atelectasis in a child with Glenn circulation.

DOI： 10.1213/XAA.0000000000001101

Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity Following General and Epidural Anesthesia in A patient with a History of Muscle Relaxant-induced Anaphylaxis. Reviewed

Asuka Kubo, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Kosuke Kuroda, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Motomu Kobayashi, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Acta medica Okayama 73 ( 6 ) 543 - 546 2019.12

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We here report that a 71-year-old Japanese woman with a history of anaphylaxis induced by muscle relaxants had local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) following an abdominal surgery under general anesthesia with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia without muscle relaxants. The total dosages of local anesthetics reached 0.67 mg/kg of ropivacaine and 11.5 mg/kg of lidocaine over 12.5 h to obtain sufficient muscle relaxation for surgery. Regional anesthesia is useful in cases in which muscle relaxants are to be avoided during a surgery. However, especially for a patient with risk factors and prolonged surgery, precautions should be taken to prevent LAST.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/57721

Tチューブ挿入中の術中人工呼吸管理にFogartyカテーテルを使用した一症例 Reviewed

根ヶ山諒, 岡原修司, 熊代美香, 塩路直弘, 金澤伴幸, 松岡義和, 清水一好, 岩崎達雄, 森松博史

日本小児麻酔学会誌 25 ( 1 ) 29 - 32 2019.11

Language：Japanese Publisher：日本小児麻酔学会

症例は1歳11ヵ月の男児、声門下狭窄に対して輪状軟骨前方切開術が予定された。術中管理の問題点として、Tチューブ挿入後の陽圧換気中のTチューブ口側断端からのエアリークが挙げられたため、Tチューブ内にTチューブ径より小径の挿管チューブを経鼻的に留置し、挿管チューブをクランプすることで口側断端を塞ぐ方法を計画した。しかしスペースが小さく留置困難だったため、経鼻的にFogartyカテーテルをTチューブ内に留置し、バルーン拡張にて口側断端からのエアリークを軽減し、確実に換気することができた。Tチューブ挿入下での呼吸管理において、位置調整など慎重な管理は必要となるが、小児症例ではFogartyカテーテルを用いた換気方法は有用性が高いと考える。(著者抄録)

Early detection of cerebral ischemia due to pericardium traction using cerebral oximetry in pediatric minimally invasive cardiac surgery: a case report. Reviewed International journal

Fumiaki Hayashi, Rei Nishimoto, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Hiroshi Morimatsu

JA clinical reports 5 ( 1 ) 53 - 53 2019.8

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) for simple congenital heart defects has become popular, and monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) is crucial for preventing cerebral ischemia during pediatric MICS. We describe a pediatric case with a sudden decrease in rSO2 during MICS. CASE PRESENTATION: An 8-month-old male underwent minimally invasive ventricular septal defect closure. He developed a sudden decrease in rSO2 and right radial artery blood pressure (RRBP) without changes in other parameters following pericardium traction. The rSO2 and RRBP immediately recovered after removal of pericardium fixation. Obstruction of the right innominate artery secondary to the pericardium traction would have been responsible for it. CONCLUSIONS: Pericardium traction, one of the common procedures during MICS, triggered rSO2 depression alerting us to the risk of cerebral ischemia. We should be aware that pericardium traction during MICS can lead to cerebral ischemia, which is preventable by cautious observation of the patient.

DOI： 10.1186/s40981-019-0273-7

Hyperchloremia Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Cardiac Patients. Reviewed International journal

Satoshi Kimura, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Hirokazu Kawase, Naohiro Shioji, Yasutoshi Kuroe, Yuto Matsuoka, Satoshi Isoyama, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 33 ( 7 ) 1939 - 1945 2019.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: Hyperchloremia recently has been shown to have an association with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients. However, there is little information about the prevalence of an abnormal chloride concentration after pediatric cardiac surgery and its association with postoperative AKI. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hyperchloremia and its association with AKI in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. DESIGN: A retrospective single-center study. SETTING: Referral high-volume pediatric cardiac center in a tertiary teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Patients under 72 months of age with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary outcome was development of AKI diagnosed by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes consensus criteria. The associations of outcomes with the highest serum chloride concentration ([Cl-]max) and time-weighted average chloride concentration ([Cl-]ave) within the first 48 hours after surgery were investigated. Of 521 patients included in the study, 463 patients (88.9%) had hyperchloremia at least 1 time within the first 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative AKI occurred in 205 patients (39.3%). [Cl-]ave and [Cl-]max in the AKI group were significantly higher than those in the non-AKI group (112 [110-114] mEq/L v 111 [109-113] mEq/L, p = 0.001 and 116 [113, 119] mEq/L v 114 [112-118] mEq/L, p = 0.002, respectively). After adjustment for other predictors of AKI by multivariable analyses, neither [Cl-]ave nor [Cl-]max was associated independently with the development of AKI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.040, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.885-1.220, p = 0.63; OR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.874-1.130. p = 0.90). CONCLUSION: Postoperative hyperchloremia was common and was associated with the development of AKI in pediatric patients after congenital cardiac surgery in univariate analysis. After adjustment for predictors of AKI by multivariate analyses, there was no significant relationship between postoperative chloride concentration and AKI.

DOI： 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.12.009

Prolonged Tachycardia with Higher Heart Rate Is Associated with Higher ICU and In-hospital Mortality. Reviewed

Masao Hayashi, Arata Taniguchi, Ryuji Kaku, Shusaku Fujimoto, Satoshi Isoyama, Sei Manabe, Tsubasa Yoshida, Satoshi Suzuki, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Ryusuke Momota

Acta medica Okayama 73 ( 2 ) 147 - 153 2019.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Tachycardia is common in intensive care units (ICUs). It is unknown whether tachycardia or prolonged tachycardia affects patient outcomes. We investigated the association between tachycardia and mortality in critically ill patients. This retrospective cohort study's primary outcome was patient mortality in the ICU and the hospital. We stratified the patients (n=476) by heart rate (HR) as LowHR, MediumHR, and HighHR groups. We also stratified them by their durations of HR >100 (prolonged HR; tachycardia): MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups. We determined the six groups' mortality. The ICU mortality rates of the LowHR, MediumHR, and HighHR groups were 1.0%, 1.5%, and 7.9%, respectively; significantly higher in the HighHR vs. LowHR group. The in-hospital mortality rates of these groups were 1%, 4.5%, and 14.6%, respectively; significantly higher in the HighHR vs. LowHR group. The ICU mortality rates of the MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups were 0.9%, 5.6%, and 57.1%, respectively. The mortality of the HRT=0 (i.e., all HR ≤ 100) patients was 0%. The in-hospital mortality rates of the MildT, ModerateT, and SevereT groups were 1.8%, 16.7%, and 85.7%, respectively; that of the HRT=0 patients was 0.5%. Both higher HR and prolonged tachycardia were associated with poor outcomes.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56650

High-flow Nasal Cannula Versus Noninvasive ventilation for Postextubation Acute Respiratory Failure after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. Reviewed

Naohiro Shioji, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Tomohiko Suemori, Yasutoshi Kuroe, Hiroshi Morimatsu

Acta medica Okayama 73 ( 1 ) 15 - 20 2019.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We compared the reintubation rate in children who received high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy to the rate in children who received noninvasive ventilation (NIV) therapy for acute respiratory failure (ARF) after cardiac surgery. This was a retrospective analysis of 35 children who received HFNC therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2014-2015 (the HFNC group). We selected 35 children who had received NIV therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2009-2012 as a control group. The matching parameters were body weight and risk adjustment for congenital heart surgery category 1. The reintubation rate within 48 h in the HFNC group tended to be lower than that in the NIV group (3% vs. 17%, p=0.06). The reintubation rate within 28 days was significantly lower in the HFNC group compared to the NIV group (3% vs. 26%, p=0.04). The HFNC group's ICU stays were significantly shorter than those of the NIV group: 10 (IQR: 7-17) days vs. 17 (11-32) days, p=0.009. HFNC therapy might be associated with a reduced reintubation rate in children with ARF after cardiac surgery.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56454

New oral hygiene care regimen reduces postoperative oral bacteria count and number of days with elevated fever in ICU patients with esophageal cancer. Reviewed

Hirofumi Mizuno, Shinsuke Mizutani, Daisuke Ekuni, Ayano Tabata-Taniguchi, Takayuki Maruyama, Aya Yokoi, Chie Omori, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Yasuhiro Shirakawa, Manabu Morita

Journal of oral science 60 ( 4 ) 536 - 543 2018.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Using a controlled pre/post study design, we investigated the effects of professional mechanical cleaning of the oral cavity with benzethonium chloride, interdental brushes, and hydrogen peroxide on the number of oral bacteria and postoperative complications among esophageal cancer patients in an intensive care unit. Before surgery, 44 patients with esophageal cancer were recruited at Okayama Hospital from January through August 2015. The control group (n = 23) received routine oral hygiene care in the intensive care unit. The intervention group (n = 21) received intensive interdental cleaning with benzethonium chloride solution and tongue cleaning with hydrogen peroxide. The number of oral bacteria on the tongue surface and plaque index were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group on postoperative days 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). Additionally, the number of days with elevated fever during a 1-week period was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P = 0.037). As compared with routine oral hygiene, a new oral hygiene regimen comprising benzethonium chloride, interdental brushes, and hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced the number of oral bacteria and days with elevated fever in patients with esophageal cancer.

DOI： 10.2334/josnusd.17-0381

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