Updated on 2024/03/03

写真a

 
HAYAKAWA Satoshi
 
Organization
Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems Professor
Position
Professor
External link

Degree

  • Master of Science ( Kobe University )

  • Doctor of Engineering ( Kyoto University )

Research Interests

  • 無機素材化学

  • Biomaterials

  • 無機生体材料学

  • 生体素材工学

  • Solid State Chemistry

Research Areas

  • Nanotechnology/Materials / Nanobioscience

  • Nanotechnology/Materials / Nanomaterials

  • Nanotechnology/Materials / Inorganic materials and properties

  • Life Science / Biomaterials

  • Life Science / Biomedical engineering

Education

  • Kyoto University    

    - 1994

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  • Kyoto University   工学研究科   分子工学専攻

    - 1994

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    Country: Japan

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Research History

  • Okayama University   Academic Field of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Academic Research Assembly   Professor

    2021.4

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    Country:Japan

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  • Okayama University   大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科

    2020.4 - 2022.3

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    Country:Japan

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  • Okayama University   Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems   Professor   Professor

    2018.4 - 2021.3

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  • Okayama University   大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科

    2018.4 - 2020.3

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  • Okayama University   The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology   Professor   Professor

    2013.4 - 2018.3

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  • Okayama University   The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology   Associate Professor

    2005.4 - 2013.3

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  • Associate Professor,Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology,Okayama University

    2004 - 2013

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  • Okayama University   Faculty of Engineering   Associate Professor (as old post name)   Associate Professor

    2003.3 - 2005.3

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  • Visiting Scholar,University of California, Los Angeles

    2001 - 2002

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  • Okayama University   Faculty of Engineering   Lecturer   Lecturer

    1998.10 - 2003.2

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  • Researcher,University of London: Imperial College

    1997 - 1998

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  • Okayama University   Faculty of Engineering   Research Assistant   Research Associate

    1994.4 - 1998.9

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Professional Memberships

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Committee Memberships

  • 日本バイオマテリアル学会   評議員  

    2021.4   

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    Committee type:Academic society

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  • 日本セラミックス協会中国四国支部   理事  

    2013.4   

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    Committee type:Academic society

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  • 日本セラミックス協会生体関連材料部会   幹事  

    1997.4   

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    Committee type:Academic society

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Papers

  • Incorporation behavior of Mg(II) ion into hydroxyapatite in the presence of chitosan Reviewed

    Takuya Kataoka, Yuhi Yasuhira, Eiji Fujii, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   131 ( 9 )   569 - 574   2023.9

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    Authorship:Last author   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Ceramic Society of Japan  

    DOI: 10.2109/jcersj2.23102

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  • Functional evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate cement with choline dihydrogen phosphate. Reviewed

    Kazuhisa Tabira, Noboru Kajimoto, Hirogo Minamisawa, Taira Sato, Michito Maruta, Kyoko Oka, Takuya Kataoka, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru

    Dental materials journal   2023.4

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    To improve the cytocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement and its ability for reparative dentin formation, the effect of adding choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDHP), which is reported to be biocompatible, to MTA cement was investigated. The L929 cell proliferation showed that the addition of CDHP improved cell viability. The addition of CDHP shortened the setting time of MTA cement, with a significant decrease in consistency above 0.4 g/mL. Diametral tensile strength of the set cement was improved by the addition of 0.4 g/mL CDHP. Solubility was judged to be within the range of clinical application. The spontaneous precipitation of low crystalline hydroxyapatite was examined by immersing the set cement in phosphate buffer saline, and it was found that the ability of the cement with 0.4 g/mL of CDHP was significantly improved compared with that of the cement without CDHP.

    DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-283

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  • Effects of the silicon-containing chemical species dissolved from chitosan–siloxane hybrids on nerve cells Reviewed

    Kosei Hattori, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki

    Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology   104 ( 3 )   606 - 616   2022.12

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    Silicic acid components from bioactive glass activate osteoblasts gene for bone generation. Many studies have been reported on osteoblast compatibility and bone regeneration using composites and hybrids, including silica or siloxane units. We previously synthesized chitosan−siloxane hybrids via a sol-gel method and observed bone and nerve regeneration. However, it is not clear the structure of molecules involving silicon atoms that has a more effective role in the cell activity and their mechanisms of cell activation. In this study, we prepared hybrid materials from chitosan and different types of alkoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), 3-glycidoxypropyldimethoxymethylsilane (GPDMS), and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and investigated the structures of the silicon-containing species dissolved from each hybrid and their effect on the proliferation of nerve cells. The silicon-containing species in the extraction were mainly 100–600 molecular weight, indicating they were chitin/chitosan units and monomeric hydrolyzed GPTMS, GPDMS, and TEOS. The nerve cell proliferation was inhibited by the chitosan–GPTMS and GPDMS hybrid extractions. The silicon-containing species were not taken up by the cells. The silicon-containing species dissolved from the hybrids were adsorbed to the cells or they inactivated biomolecules in the culture medium, suppressing cell proliferation. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

    DOI: 10.1007/s10971-022-05814-z

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  • Preparation and Drug Release Profile of Chitosan–Siloxane Hybrid Capsules Coated with Hydroxyapatite Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Yasuyo Tsukatani, Kohei Okamoto, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Pharmaceutics   14 ( 5 )   2022.5

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    Chitosan is a cationic polymer that forms polymerized membranes upon reaction with anionic polymers. Chitosan−carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) capsules are drug delivery carrier candidates whose mechanical strength and permeability must be controlled to achieve sustained release. In this study, the capsules were prepared from chitosan−γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)−CMC. The mechanical stability of the capsules was improved by crosslinking the chitosan with GPTMS. The capsules were then coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) by alternately soaking them in calcium chloride solution and disodium hydrogen phosphate solution to prevent rapid initial drug release. Cytochrome C (CC), as a model drug, was introduced into the capsules via two routes, impregnation and injection, and then the CC released from the capsules was examined. HAp was found to be deposited on the internal and external surfaces of the capsules. The amount of CC introduced, and the release rate were reduced by the HAp coating. The injection method was found to result in the greatest CC loading.

    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051111

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  • Antibacterial Chitosan Nanofiber Thin Films with Bacitracin Zinc Salt. Reviewed International journal

    Kazutaka Kumamoto, Toshinari Maeda, Satoshi Hayakawa, Nurul Asyifah Binti Mustapha, Meng-Jiy Wang, Yuki Shirosaki

    Polymers   13 ( 7 )   2021.3

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    Chitosan nanofiber has a highly uniform structure of 20-50 nm in diameter and shows high dispersibility in water due to its submicron size and high surface-to-volume ratio. The stacked nanofibers film is useful for breathability because it has a gap with a size of several tens of nm or more. However, the chemical bonds between the nanofibers cannot be broken during use. In this study, the thin films were obtained by filtration of chitosan nanofibers and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) mixture. The addition of GPTMS changed the wettability, mechanical property and stability in water of the thin films. Bacitracin zinc salt (BZ) has been used for the localized dermatological medicines and loaded in the films. BZ interacted electrostatically with the thin films matrix and the release of BZ was controlled by the amount of GPTMS. A higher released amount of BZ showed higher antibacterial effects toward S. aureus. The film was also tested their toxicity by L929 fibroblasts. The release of less than 11.9 μg of BZ showed antibacterial effects, but were not toxic for fibroblast cells.

    DOI: 10.3390/polym13071104

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  • Blood-compatible ceramic particles, coating layers, and macrospheres for blood purification and related applications

    Takuji Asano, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Bioceramics   195 - 243   2021

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    Publishing type:Part of collection (book)   Publisher:Elsevier  

    DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-102999-2.00010-7

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  • Three-dimensional observation and analysis of remineralization in dentinal caries lesions Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Akiko Nakamura, Toru Hara, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek

    Scientific Reports   10 ( 1 )   2020.12

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61111-1

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    Other Link: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61111-1

  • Conversion of sub-µm calcium carbonate (calcite) particles to hollow hydroxyapatite agglomerates in K2HPO4 solutions Reviewed

    Sun Yanyan, Wang Guangxin, Li Wuhui, Wang Yaming, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Nanotechnology Reviews   9 ( 1 )   945 - 960   2020.9

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Walter de Gruyter GmbH  

    <title>Abstract</title>
    Sub-µm CaCO3 (calcite; CC) particles were converted to calcium monohydrogenphosphate dihydrate (DCPD) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) via soaking treatments in K2HPO4 solutions with varied pH (3–12) and concentrations (0.1–1.5 M) at 37°C for up to 10 days. DCPD was derived from the solutions with pH ≤ 6; while hollow HAp was yielded when pH ≥ 7 in assemblies of petal-like crystallites. Results of magic angle spinning (MAS) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR studies have shown that the HAp lattice has only PO4
    2− but no HPO4
    2− at B (phosphate) sites. Trace amounts of CO3
    2− have occupied both A (OH) and B (PO4) sites, and H2O is adsorbed on surface crystallites. The primary crystallite size of HAp derived from Scherrer equation increases quickly in a 12 h period and becomes gradually stable afterward. Samples of particles soaked within 3 h in a temperature range of 20–80°C were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It is shown that the rate constant of 1 M solution is about an order of magnitude greater than that of 0.1 M solution and the apparent activation energy is 33 kJ/mol. In this work, the conversion of CC to HAp can be quantitatively controlled to solve the problem of slow degradation of HAp.

    DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0070

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    Other Link: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0070/xml

  • Comparative study of in vitro apatite-forming abilities of highly ordered rutile nanorod arrays fabricated on cpTi and Ti6Al4V alloys Reviewed

    Xingzhu Liu, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa

    Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies   8 ( 1 )   29 - 38   2020.1

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    Authorship:Last author, Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Informa UK Limited  

    DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2019.1699230

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  • Cytocompatible and antibacterial properties of chitosan−siloxane hybrid spheres Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Manato Nakatsukasa, Saki Yasutomi, Susana Cruz-Neves, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Toshinari Maeda, Toshiki Miyazaki

    Polymers   11   1676 - 1686   2019.10

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  • Effect of titanyl sulfate concentration on growth of nanometer-scale rutile rod arrays on the surface of titanium substrate Reviewed

    Xing-zhu LIU, Tomohiko YOSHIOKA, Satoshi HAYAKAWA

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   127 ( 8 )   545 - 550   2019.8

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    DOI: 10.2109/jcersj2.19109

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  • The fabrication of nanostructured titania polymorphs layer with high crystallinity and its apatite-forming ability Reviewed

    Xingzhu Liu, Fan Xiao, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Surface and Coatings Technology   363   338 - 343   2019.4

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    © 2019 Elsevier B.V. High crystallinity anatase/rutile layers are prepared on the surface of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) by hydrothermal method at 160 °C for 3 h. The surface morphology of titania layers is changed by adjusting the pH value and Ti 4+ concentration of treating solution (TS). Obtained nanorods on all TS samples are composed of pure rutile and the anatase co-deposited with rutile is found in the dense bottom layer. The possible co-deposition mechanism of polymorphs layers is given in this study. In this study, the rutile nanorods array with high energy (101) facet exposed is found on the TS 3 sample. In vitro apatite forming ability of the TS samples are confirmed by soaking them in Kokubo&#039;s simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4, 36.5 °C) for 1 and 3 days. Results show that apatite particles could be obtained on all TS samples within 1 d. After 3 days&#039; immersion in SBF, TS 3 sample shows strongest apatite X-ray diffraction. These results indicate that the ability in inducing apatite on cpTi with TS 3 treatment is excellent. Such excellent apatite-forming ability is ascribed to the existence of thick titania layer with high energy (101) facet exposed on the TS 3 sample.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.02.063

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  • Accelerated induction of in vitro apatite formation by parallel alignment of hydrothermally oxidized titanium substrates separated by sub-millimeter gaps Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Keigo Okamoto, Tomohiko Yoshioka

    Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies   7 ( 1 )   90 - 100   2019.1

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    Authorship:Lead author, Corresponding author   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Informa UK Limited  

    © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group on behalf of The Korean Ceramic Society and The Ceramic Society of Japan. Although autoclaving is a common sterilization method for biomedical devices, the ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on hydrothermally treated titanium is still not fully realized. This is because the induction ability is too weak to be evaluated via in vitro apatite formation in Kokubo’s simulated body fluid (SBF) by the conventional immersion method, i.e. using samples with open and smooth surface. This study reports on the surface structure of hydrothermally treated titanium and the ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on the surface of parallel confined spaces separated by sub-millimeter gaps in Kokubo’s SBF. Thin-film X-ray diffraction and analyses using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed that a nano-crystalline anatase-type titanium oxide layer was formed on titanium substrates after hydrothermal treatment at 150°C for 2 h. When growth of the titanium oxide layer was moderately suppressed, the hydrothermally treated titanium surface exhibited a characteristic interference color, silver or gold, which does not impair the esthetic appearance of the titanium-based implant. The ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on hydrothermally treated titanium was remarkably amplified by parallel alignment of substrates separated by sub-millimeter gaps.

    DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2019.1572690

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  • Atomic level observation and structural analysis of phosphoric-acid ester interaction at dentin Reviewed International journal

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek, Satoshi Hayakawa

    Acta Biomaterialia   97   544 - 556   2019.1

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    © 2019 Acta Materialia Inc. The functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), used in many dental adhesives, self-assembles in nano-layers at adhesive-tooth interfaces. Recently, several states of the P[sbnd]OH groups of 10-MDP_Ca salts were suggested, while their actual status has not been elucidated yet. We mechanistically investigated 10-MDP_Ca-salt nano-layering at adhesive-dentin interfaces, correlatively using scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (STEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). STEM-EDS confirmed the presence of Ca and P in each nano-layer. Both XRD and NMR revealed that the two terminal P[sbnd]OH groups of 10-MDP reacted with Ca. This twofold P[sbnd]OH interaction of 10-MDP with Ca was stable in water and is therefore expected to contribute to durable nano-layering of 10-MDP_Ca salts in the hybrid and adhesive layer. Statement of Significance: The functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), commonly used in dental adhesives with favorable long-term clinical outcome, has been documented to self-assemble into nano-layers at adhesive-tooth interfaces. Characterizing ultra-morphologically (STEM) and chemically (STEM-EDS, XRD, NMR) the mechanisms of interaction of 10-MDP with bulk dentin in a similar manner as what occurs clinically, it was found that the water stable 10-MDP_Ca salts consist of CaRPO4, meaning that the two [sbnd]OH groups of the phosphate group of 10-MDP ionically reacted with Ca. This stable structure is expected to contribute to durable nano-layering of 10-MDP_Ca salts in the hybrid and adhesive layer and hence to clinical longevity of the adhesively bonded tooth restoration.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.029

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  • Conversion of silicate glass to highly oriented divalent ion substituted hydroxyapatite nanorod arrays in alkaline phosphate solutions Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yusuke Oshita, Kazuki Yamada, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Noriyuki Nagaoka

    Ceramics International   44 ( 15 )   18719 - 18726   2018.10

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    © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. This study presents a new strategy for preparing highly oriented nanorod array of divalent ion substituted hydroxyapatite (HAp) and factors controlling the rate of glass conversion. HAp nanorod arrays were prepared on a series of alkali/alkaline-earth silicate glasses in the Na2O–CaO–SrO–SiO2 system in phosphate aqueous solutions with different pH values via a glass conversion process. The effects of the substitution of Sr2+ for Ca2+ and the network connectivity (NC) of the silicate glasses on the degree of crystal orientation of the nanorod array of HAp crystals, the crystallite size, and the partial substitution of Sr2+ for Ca2+ in the HAp crystal lattice were investigated using X-ray diffraction, 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Sr-free Na2O–CaO–SiO2 glass was converted into HAp nanorod arrays highly-oriented toward the c-axis, whereas the increase in the NC of the glass led to a decrease in the rate of the conversion process from glass to HAp, which resulted in the reduction of the degree of c-axis orientation of the nanorod array of the HAp crystals. However, the rate of the conversion process was remarkably promoted in alkaline phosphate solutions, resulting in an increase of the degree of c-axis orientation of the nanorod array. The Sr/(Sr + Ca) molar fraction of silicate glasses determined the molar fraction of substituted Sr2+ in HAp crystal lattice.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.101

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  • Etching Efficacy of Self-Etching Functional Monomers Reviewed

    K. Yoshihara, S. Hayakawa, N. Nagaoka, T. Okihara, Y. Yoshida, B. Van Meerbeek

    Journal of Dental Research   97   1010 - 1016   2018.8

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    © International &amp; American Associations for Dental Research 2018. Besides chemically interacting with hard tooth tissue, acidic functional monomers of self-etch adhesives should etch the prepared tooth surface to dissolve the smear layer and to provide surface micro-retention. Although the etching efficacy of functional monomers is commonly determined in terms of pH, the pH of adhesives cannot accurately be measured. Better is to measure the hydroxyapatite (HAp)–dissolving capacity, also considering that functional monomers may form monomer-Ca salts. Here, the etching efficacy of 6 functional monomers (GPDM, phenyl-P, MTEGP, 4-META, 6-MHP and 10-MDP) was investigated. Solutions containing 15 wt% monomer, 45 wt% ethanol, and 40 wt% water were prepared. Initially, we observed enamel surfaces exposed to monomer solution by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to detect monomer-Ca salt formation. Phenyl-P exhibited a strong etching effect, while 10-MDP–treated enamel showed substance deposition, which was identified by XRD as 10-MDP–Ca salt. To confirm these SEM/XRD findings, we determined the etching efficacy of functional monomers by measuring both the concentration of Ca released from HAp using inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and the amount of monomer-Ca salt formation using 31P magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). ICP-AES revealed that the highest Ca concentration was produced by phenyl-P and the lowest Ca concentration, almost equally, by 4-META and 10-MDP. Only 10-MDP formed 10-MDP–Ca salts, indicating that 10-MDP released more Ca from HAp than was measured by ICP-AES. Part of the released Ca was consumed to form 10-MDP–Ca salts. It is concluded that the repeatedly reported higher bonding effectiveness of 10-MDP–based adhesives must not only be attributed to the more intense chemical bonding of 10-MDP but also to its higher etching potential, a combination the other functional monomers investigated lack.

    DOI: 10.1177/0022034518763606

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  • Chemical interaction of glycero-phosphate dimethacrylate (GPDM) with hydroxyapatite and dentin Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Takumi Okihara, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek

    Dental Materials   34 ( 7 )   1072 - 1081   2018.7

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    Objectives: Although the functional monomer glycero-phosphate dimethacrylate (GPDM) has since long been used in several dental adhesives and more recently in self-adhesive composite cements and restoratives, its mechanism of chemical adhesion to hydroxyapatite (HAp) is still unknown. We therefore investigated the chemical interaction of GPDM with HAp using diverse chemical analyzers and ultra-structurally characterized the interface of a GPDM-based primer formulation with dentin. Methods: HAp particles were added to a GPDM solution for various periods, upon which they were thoroughly washed with ethanol and water prior to being air-dried. As control, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) was used. The molecular interaction of GPDM with HAp was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Crystal formation upon application of GPDM onto dentin was analyzed using thin-film XRD (TF-XRD). Its hydrophobicity was measured using contact-angle measurement. The interaction of GPDM with dentin was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: XRD revealed the deposition of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD: CaHPO4·2H2O) on HAp after 24 h. NMR confirmed the adsorption of GPDM onto HAp. However, GPDM was easily removed after washing with water, unlike MDP that remained adhered to HAp. Dentin treated with GPDM appeared more hydrophilic compared to dentin treated with MDP. TEM disclosed exposed collagen in the hybrid layer produced by the GPDM-based primer formulation. Significance: Although GPDM adsorbed to HAp, it did not form a stable calcium salt. The bond between GPDM and HAp was weak, unlike the strong bond formed by MDP to HAp. Due to its high hydrophilicity, GPDM might be an adequate monomer for an etch-and-rinse adhesive, but appears less appropriate for a ‘mild’ self-etch adhesive that besides micro-retention ionically interacts with HAp, or for a self-adhesive restorative material.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.04.003

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  • Characterization and degradation study of chitosan-siloxane hybrid microspheres synthesized using a microfluidic approach Reviewed

    Susana Cruz-Neves, Yuki Shirosaki, Toshiki Miyazaki, Satoshi Hayakawa

    MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS   81   571 - 579   2017.12

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    Chitosan microspheres can address challenges associated with poor bioavailability or unsustained drug release when used as drug delivery systems thanks to their mucoadhesiveness, which allows the drug dosage to be retained in the gastrointestinal track for extended periods. Chitosan-3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane-beta-glycerophosphate (chitosan-GPTMS-beta-GP) hybrid microspheres were synthetized through sol-gel processing using a microfluidic approach. Microspheres with uniform spherical shapes and sizes of approximately 650 pm were obtained. The microstructures of the microspheres consisted of four different siloxane structures. The degradation behaviors of the hybrid microspheres were examined under acidic pH conditions mimicking those found in the gastrointestinal track. Microspheres with different GPTMS molar ratios were incubated under several pH conditions for 2 weeks. The microspheres incubated at pH 7.4 extended the lowest weight loss (27%-32%), whereas those incubated at pH 1.7 and pH 5.4 showed greater weight losses of 43-59% and 69-77%, respectively. The inhibition of the degradation at low pH was dependent on the siloxane network in the chitosan matrix. Phosphate was mostly released in early stages, and the released amount of silicon was dependent on the composition. GPTMS was released with a chitosan chain via the hydrolysis of a chitosan molecule. The pelargonidin was incorporated in the microspheres and the slow releasing was observed at acidic condition. The resistance of these hybrid microspheres to low-pH conditions for longer than a full digestion cycle is promising for gastrointestinal drug delivery applications.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.035

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  • Preparation of chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite mono-fiber using coagulation method and their mechanical properties Reviewed

    Takuma Okada, Yuta Nobunaga, Toshiisa Konishi, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Maria Ascensao Lopes, Toshiki Miyazaki, Yuki Shirosaki

    CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS   175   355 - 360   2017.11

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

    Autograft has been carried out for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. However, it has negative aspect because patients lose their healthy ligaments from other part. We focus on a chitosan-hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite fiber as a scaffold of ligament regeneration. Chitosan- HAp composite fiber was made by using coagulation method. Chitosan-NaH2PO4 solution was coagulated with coagulation bath including calcium ion to get the mono-fiber and then treated with sodium hydroxide solution to form HAp in fiber matrix. The mechanical property of the fiber was improved by the stretching of the wet one because of the orientation of chitosan molecule and the interaction between chitosan and HAp. Maximum stress was improved with increasing of sodium dihydrogen phosphate until 0.03 M. The swelling ratio of the fiber was inhibited by composited with HAp. Additionally, bone-bonding ability was confirmed by SBF soaking tests. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.072

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  • Hydroxyapatites: Key Structural Questions and Answers from Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Reviewed

    Cesar Leroy, Fabien Aussenac, Laure Bonhomme-Coury, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Florence Babonneau, Cristina Coelho-Diogo, Christian Bonhomme

    ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY   89 ( 19 )   10201 - 10207   2017.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:AMER CHEMICAL SOC  

    We demonstrate that NMR/DNP (Dynamic Nuclear Polarization) allows an unprecedented description of carbonate substituted hydroxyapatite (CHAp). Key structural questions related to order/disorder and clustering of carbonates are tackled using distance sensitive DNP experiments using C-13-C-13 recoupling. Such experiments are easily implemented due to unprecedented DNP gain (orders of magnitude). DNP is efficiently mediated by quasi one-dimensional spin diffusion through the hydroxyl columns present in the CHAp structure (thought of as "highways" for spin diffusion). For spherical nanoparticles and phi &lt; 100 nm, it is numerically shown that spin diffusion allows their study as a whole. Most importantly, we demonstrate also that the DNP study at 100 K leads to data which are comparable to data obtained at room temperature (in terms of spin dynamics and line shape resolution). Finally, all 2D DNP experiments can be interpreted in terms of domains exhibiting well identified types of substitution: local order and carbonate clustering are clearly favored.

    DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01332

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  • Chemical interaction mechanism of 10-MDP with zirconia

    Noriyuki Nagaoka, Kumiko Yoshihara, Victor Pinheiro Feitosa, Yoshiyuki Tamada, Masao Irie, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek, Satoshi Hayakawa

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   7   2017.3

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    Currently, the functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate (10-MDP) was documented to chemically bond to zirconia ceramics. However, little research has been conducted to unravel the underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the chemical interaction and to demonstrate the mechanisms of coordination between 10-MDP and zirconium oxide using H-1 and P-31 magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and two dimensional (2D) H-1 -&gt; P-31 heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) NMR. In addition, shear bond-strength (SBS) tests were conducted to determine the effect of 10-MDP concentration on the bonding effectiveness to zirconia. These SBS tests revealed a 10-MDP concentration-dependent SBS with a minimum of 1-ppb 10-MDP needed. P-31-NMR revealed that one P-OH non-deprotonated of the PO3H2 group from 10-MDP chemically bonded strongly to zirconia. H-1-P-31 HETCOR NMR indicated that the 10-MDP monomer can be adsorbed onto the zirconia particles by hydrogen bonding between the P=O and Zr-OH groups or via ionic interactions between partially positive Zr and deprotonated 10-MDP (P-O-). The combination of H-1 NMR and 2D H-1-P-31 HETCOR NMR enabled to describe the different chemical states of the 10-MDP bonds with zirconia; they not only revealed ionic but also hydrogen bonding between 10-MDP and zirconia.

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  • Alternating Current Electrophoretic Deposition for the Immobilization of Antimicrobial Agents on Titanium Implant Surfaces Reviewed

    Annabel Braem, Katrijn De Brucker, Nicolas Delattin, Manuela S. Killian, Maarten B. J. Roeffaers, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Patrik Schmuki, Bruno P. A. Cammue, Sannakaisa Virtanen, Karin Thevissen, Bram Neirinck

    ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES   9 ( 10 )   8533 - 8546   2017.3

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    One prominent cause of implant failure is infection; therefore, research is focusing on developing surface coatings that render the surface resistant to colonization by micro-organisms. Permanently attached coatings of antimicrobial molecules are of particular interest because of the reduced cytoxicity and lower risk of developing resistance compared to controlled release coatings. In this study, we focus on the chemical grafting of bioactive molecules on titanium. To concentrate the molecules at the metallic implant surface, we propose electrophoretic deposition (EPD) applying alternating current (AC) signals with an asymmetrical wave shape. We show that for the model molecule bovine serum albumin (BSA), as well as for the clinically relevant antifungal lipopeptide caspofungin (CASP), the deposition yield is drastically improved by superimposing a DC offset in the direction of the high-amplitude peak of the AC signal. Additionally, in order to produce immobilized CASP coatings, this experimental AC/DC-EPD method is combined with an established surface activation protocol. Principle component analysis (PCA) of time of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) data confirm the immobilization of CASP with higher yield as compared to a diffusion-controlled process, and higher purity than the clinical CASP starting suspensions. Scratch testing data indicate good coating adhesion. Importantly, the coatings remain active against the fungal pathogen C. albicans as shown by in vitro biofilm experiments. In summary, this paper delivers a proof-of-concept for the application of AC-EPD as a fast grafting tool for antimicrobial molecules without compromising their activities.

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  • Challenging of nerve regeneration using chitosan-siloxane hybrids

    Shirosaki Yuki, Hayakawa Satoshi, Osaka Akiyoshi, Lopes Maria, Santos Jose, Mauricio Ana, Geuna Stefano

    Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering   54 ( 27 )   S170 - S170   2016

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    <p>Many studies have been dedicated to the development of scaffold for improving post-traumatic nerve regeneration. Biodegradable chitosan-siloxane porous hybrid membranes were very flexible and have interconnected pores to be excellent cytocompatibility for osteoblastic cells, fibroblastic cells, and nerve cells. In this study, chitosan-siloxane porous hybrid membranes were used to regenerate nerve tissue with or without some cells after crush injury. The regeneration in terms of Schwann cell proliferation, axon elongation and myelination was promoted with the hybrids. Combination with mesenchymal stem cells. The good regenerated nerve improved the the degree of functional recovery such as the extensor postural thrust and the withdrawal reflex latency.</p>

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  • Functional monomer impurity affects adhesive performance Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Takumi Okihara, Manabu Kuroboshi, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yukinori Maruo, Goro Nishigawa, Jan De Munck, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek

    DENTAL MATERIALS   31 ( 12 )   1493 - 1501   2015.12

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    Objective. The functional monomer 10-MDP has been considered as one of the best performing functional monomers for dental adhesives. Different adhesives containing 10-MDP are commercially available, among which many so-called 'universal' adhesives. We hypothesize that the quality of the functional monomer 10-MDP in terms of purity may affect bonding performance.
    Methods. We therefore characterized three different 10-MDP versions (10-MDP_KN provided by Kuraray Noritake; 10-MDP_PCM provided by PCM; 10-MDP_DMI provided by DMI) using NMR, and analyzed their ability to form 10-MDP_Ca salts on dentin using XRD. The 'immediate' and 'aged' micro-tensile bond strength (mu TBS) to dentin of three experimental 10-MDP primers was measured. The resultant interfacial adhesive-dentin ultra-structure was characterized using TEM.
    Results. NMR disclosed impurities and the presence of 10-MDP dimer in 10-MDP_PCM and 10-MDP_DMI. 10-MDP_PCM and 10-MDP_DMI appeared also sensitive to hydrolysis. 10-MDP_KN, on the contrary, contained less impurities and dimer, and did not undergo hydrolysis. XRD revealed more intense 10-MDP_Ca salt deposition on dentin induced by 10-MDP_KN. The adhesive based on the experimental 10-MDP_KN primer resulted in a significantly higher 'immediate' bond strength that remained stable upon aging; the mu TBS of the experimental 10-MDP_PCM and 10-MDP_DMI adhesives significantly dropped upon aging. TEM revealed thicker hybridization and more intense nano-layering for 10-MDP_KN.
    Significance. It was concluded that primer impurities and the presence of 10-MDP dimer affected not only hybridization, but also reduced the formation of 10-MDP_Ca salts and nano-layering. 10-MDP in a high purity grade is essential to achieve durable bonding. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Academy of Dental Materials. All rights reserved.

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  • Interlaboratory studies on in vitro test methods for estimating in vivo resorption of calcium phosphate ceramics Reviewed

    Atsuo Ito, Yu Sogo, Atsushi Yamazaki, Mamoru Aizawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Masanori Kikuchi, Kimihiro Yamashita, Yumi Tanaka, Mika Tadokoro, Lidia Agata de Sena, Fraser Buchanan, Hajime Ohgushi, Marc Bohner

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   25   347 - 355   2015.10

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    A potential standard method for measuring the relative dissolution rate to estimate the resorbability of calcium-phosphate-based ceramics is proposed. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP), magnesium-substituted TCP (MgTCP) and zinc-substituted TCP (ZnTCP) were dissolved in a buffer solution free of calcium and phosphate ions at pH 4.0, 5.5 or 7.3 at nine research centers. Relative values of the initial dissolution rate (relative dissolution rates) were in good agreement among the centers. The relative dissolution rate coincided with the relative volume of resorption pits of ZnTCP in vitro. The relative dissolution rate coincided with the relative resorbed volume in vivo in the case of comparison between microporous MgTCPs with different Mg contents and similar porosity. However, the relative dissolution rate was in poor agreement with the relative resorbed volume in vivo in the case of comparison between microporous TCP and MgTCP due to the superimposition of the Mg-mediated decrease in TCP solubility on the Mg-mediated increase in the amount of resorption. An unambiguous conclusion could not be made as to whether the relative dissolution rate is predictive of the relative resorbed volume in vivo in the case of comparison between TCPs with different porosity. The relative dissolution rate may be useful for predicting the relative amount of resorption for calcium-phosphate-based ceramics having different solubility under the condition that the differences in the materials compared have little impact on the resorption process such as the number and activity of resorbing cells.
    Statement of significance
    The evaluation and subsequent optimization of the resorbability of calcium phosphate are crucial in the use of resorbable calcium phosphates. Although the resorbability of calcium phosphates has usually been evaluated in vivo, establishment of a standard in vitro method that can predict in vivo resorption is beneficial for accelerating development and commercialization of new resorbable calcium phosphate materials as well as reducing use of animals. However, there are only a few studies to propose such an in vitro method within which direct comparison was carried out between in vitro and in vivo resorption. We propose here an in vitro method based on measuring dissolution rate. The efficacy and limitations of the method were evaluated by international round-robin tests as well as comparison with in vivo resorption studies for future standardization. This study was carried out as one of Versailles Projects on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS). (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Calcium phosphate crystallization on titania in a flowing Kokubo solution Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Keita Uetsuki, Keisuke Akasaka, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   26 ( 8 )   1 - 13   2015.8

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    Dry titania layers on air-oxidized titanium substrates have been found to be active enough to cause apatite to be deposited in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) in narrow confined spaces, such as those in narrow grooves and thin gaps. Such in vitro apatite deposition is the basis of the GRAPE (R) technique. The aim of the present study is to determine why GRAPE conditions favor apatite deposition when laminar SBF flow (at 0.01-0.3 ml/min) passes through a shallow channel (0.5 mm) between a pair of titanium substrates each with a dry layer of titania. Assessing the factors that control the heterogeneous nucleation process led to the proposal of the working hypothesis that there are nucleation pre-embryos, ion assemblies that can be stabilized to form embryos, on the titania layer but that they are removed by the SBF flow. Specimens were subjected to different combinations of processes. One combination was that titania layers were exposed to still or flowing SBF, and the other was that half of a specimen, the inlet or outlet side, was exposed to still or flowing SBF with the other half being covered. The surface morphologies of the specimens were then compared in detail. The conclusion was that exposure to still SBF for 2 days before exposure to flowing SBF was required for apatite to be deposited. Some complicated apatite deposition modes were observed, e.g., apatite was deposited even on areas unexposed to still SBF. All of the results were successfully interpreted using the working hypothesis. The conclusion was that the GRAPE (R) technique depends on the confined space holding pre-embryo and embryo assemblies.

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  • In vitro apatite formation on nano-crystalline titania layer aligned parallel to Ti6Al4V alloy substrates with sub-millimeter gap Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuko Matsumoto, Keita Uetsuki, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   26 ( 6 )   2015.6

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    Pure titanium substrates were chemically oxidized with H2O2 and subsequent thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C in air to form anatase-type titania layer on their surface. The chemically and thermally oxidized titanium substrate (CHT) was aligned parallel to the counter specimen such as commercially pure titanium (cpTi), titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) popularly used as implant materials or Al substrate with 0.3-mm gap. Then, they were soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4, 36.5 degrees C) for 7 days. XRD and SEM analysis showed that the in vitro apatite-forming ability of the contact surface of the CHT specimen decreased in the order: cpTi &gt; Ti6Al4V &gt; Al. EDX and XPS surface analysis showed that aluminum species were present on the contact surface of the CHT specimen aligned parallel to the counter specimen such as Ti6Al4V and Al. This result indicated that Ti6Al4V or Al specimens released the aluminum species into the SBF under the spatial gap. The released aluminum species might be positively or negatively charged in the SBF and thus can interact with calcium or phosphate species as well as titania layer, causing the suppression of the primary heterogeneous nucleation and growth of apatite on the contact surface of the CHT specimen under the spatial gap. The diffusion and adsorption of aluminum species derived from the half-sized counter specimen under the spatial gap resulted in two dimensionally area-selective deposition of apatite particles on the contact surfaces of the CHT specimen.

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  • The role of hybrid chitosan membranes on scarring process following lumbar surgery: post-laminectomy experimental model Reviewed

    Miguel Carvalho, Luis M. Costa, Jose E. Pereira, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Jose D. Santos, Stefano Geuna, Federica Fregnan, Antonio M. Cabrita, Ana C. Mauricio, Artur S. Varejao

    NEUROLOGICAL RESEARCH   37 ( 1 )   23 - 29   2015.1

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    Objectives: Post-operative scarring process on lumbar surgery is object of several studies mainly because of the epidural fibrosis formation. Hybrid chitosan have shown promising effect on fibrosis prevention. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of chitosan-silane membrane on the lumbar surgery scarring process. These membranes have improved mechanical strength which makes them suitable to maintain a predefined shape.
    Methods: A two level lumbar laminectomy was performed in 14 New Zealand male rabbits. Laminectomy sites were randomly selected for biomaterial or control. Chitosan membranes were prepared and care was taken in order to make it adapted to the bone defect dimensions covering the totality of the defect including the bone margins. Histological analysis was performed by haematoxylin/eosin and by Masson's trichrome staining four weeks after laminectomy.
    Results: Microscope observations revealed the presence of a well-organized regenerating tissue, integrated in the surrounding vertebral bone tissue with a regular and all-site interface on the chitosan sites, in clear contrast with the presence of a disorganized regenerating tissue with aspects consistent with the persistence of a chronic inflammatory condition, on control sites.
    Discussion: The results of this study clearly demonstrated that hybrid chitosan had an organizing effect on post-operative scarring process. The presence of the hybrid chitosan membrane resulted on a well-organized tissue integrated in the surrounding vertebral bone tissue with signs of regenerative bone tissue in continuity with native bone. This can be a major feature on the dynamics of epidural fibrosis formation.

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  • Preparation and in vitro cytocompatibility of chitosan-siloxane hybrid hydrogels Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Masashi Hirai, Satoshi Hayakawa, Eiji Fujii, Maria A. Lopes, Jose D. Santos, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A   103 ( 1 )   289 - 299   2015.1

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    Injectable systems can be used in minimally invasive surgical applications. Although chitosan-glycerophosphate hydrogel systems are biodegradable and biocompatible, the long periods of time required for their effective gelation have severely limited their clinical application. The challenges currently facing researchers in this field are therefore focused on shortening the gelation time and biocompatibility of these materials to develop hydrogels suitable for clinical application. Chitosan and -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) hybrids have recently demonstrated good cytocompatibility with respect to human osteoblastic cells (MG63) and human bone marrow cells. Although these precursor sols could form gels under physiological conditions, they required neutralization with a sodium hydroxide solution. In this study, the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid systems were neutralized with glycerophosphate to prepare injectable hydrogels. The results revealed that the gelation time of the hydrogels could be controlled by the amount of GPTMS in the precursor sols. The in vitro cytocompatibility of the hydrogels were evaluated in terms of the proliferation of MG63 cells cultured either directly onto the hydrogels or indirectly onto the cell culture plate under a hydrogel insert. In the former case, the cells showed good attachment and proliferated for up to 7 days. Similar results were observed in the in direct culture. These results suggest that this new chitosan-GPTMS hydrogel could potentially be used as an injectable biomaterial in clinical applications. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 289-299, 2015.

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  • Preparation of Porous Chitosan-Siloxane Hybrids Coated with Hydroxyapatite Particles Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kohei Okamoto, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Takuji Asano

    BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL   2015   2015

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    This paper describes the apatite deposition of chitosan-silicate porous hybrids derived from chitosan and gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) in alkaline phosphate solution. The preparation of porous hybrids with needle-like apatite on their surfaces is described. Following apatite deposition the porous hybrids maintained high porosity. The enzymatic degradation rate was low even after 6 months and the porous hybrids were very flexible and cut easily using surgical scissors.

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  • Fabrication of calcium phosphate nanoparticles in a continuous flow tube reactor Reviewed

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   123 ( 1435 )   101 - 105   2015

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    Calcium phosphates (CPs) were fabricated with using a continuous flow-type tube reactor under pH 6.4 and 9, within the temperature range from 0 to 100°C. The sample fabricated at the temperature range from 0 to 60°C involved not only dicalcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate (DCPD) as the primary phase but also octacalcium phosphate (OCP). As the relative X-ray diffraction intensity of OCP increased with increase in the synthesis temperature, particles of a sheet-like shape appeared. The samples fabricated at 80 and 100°C have a crystalline phase of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and morphology of rod-like shape. Under pH 9, in contrast, the reactor fabricated HAp crystalline, irrespective of the synthesis temperature. In particular, at 80 and 100°C, only oval or spindle-shaped HAp was yielded. It was therefore confirmed that the present tube reactor system was versatile to control the size, shape, and crystalline phase of CPs. The morphology, particle size, and specific surface area dependent on the pH and temperature of synthesis were discussed the relative stability of the relevant calcium phosphate phases and equilibrium relations among the orthophosphate ions.

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  • TiO2-based superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic pattern with an extremely high wettability contrast Reviewed

    Shunsuke Nishimoto, Michiaki Becchaku, Yoshikazu Kameshima, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Michihiro Miyake

    THIN SOLID FILMS   558   221 - 226   2014.5

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    Rough nanostructured anatase TiO2 surfaces containing many pores were prepared by the hydrothermal-based method. Surface modification with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of octadecylphosphonic acid (ODP) resulted in the superhydrophobic surface with an extremely high static water contact angle (CA) of 173.6 degrees +/- 1.7 degrees. This superhydrophobic surface could be converted into a superhydrophilic surface with a water CA of nearly 0 degrees by irradiating it with ultraviolet (UV) light, which induced photocatalytic decomposition of the ODP SAM. A superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic pattern with an extremely high wettability contrast (a water CA difference of over 170 degrees) could be fabricated on the ODP-modified TiO2 surface by area-selective UV irradiation through a photomask. This is the report of the TiO2-based superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic pattern with a water CA difference of over 170 degrees, and it may be possible to use such patterns for various applications. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

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  • Furthering the understanding of silicate-substitution in a-tricalcium phosphate: An X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance study Reviewed

    J. Duncan, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, J. F. MacDonald, J. V. Hanna, J. M. S. Skakle, I. R. Gibson

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   10 ( 3 )   1443 - 1450   2014.3

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    High-purity (SupT) and reagent-grade (ST), stoichiometric and silicate-containing a-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP: STO/SupTO and Si-TCP x = 0.10: ST10/SupT10) were prepared by solid-state reaction based on the substitution mechanism Ca-3(PO4)((2-x))(SiO4)(x). Samples were determined to be phase pure by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Rietveld analysis performed on the XRD data confirmed inclusion of Si in the alpha-TCP structure as determined by increases in unit cell parameters; particularly marked increases in the b-axis and beta-angle were observed. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) confirmed the presence of expected levels of Si in Si-TCP compositions as well as significant levels of impurities (Mg, Al and Fe) present in all ST samples; SupT samples showed both expected levels of Si and a high degree of purity. Phosphorus (P-31) magic-angle-spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) measurements revealed that the high-purity reagents used in the synthesis of SupTO can resolve the 12 expected peaks in the P-31 spectrum of a-TCP compared to the low-purity STO that showed significant spectral line broadening; line broadening was also observed with the inclusion of Si which is indicative of induced structural disorder. Silicon (Si-29) MAS NMR was also performed on both Si-TCP samples which revealed Q(0) species of Si with additional Si Q(1)/Q(2) species that may indicate a potential charge-balancing mechanism involving the inclusion of disilicate groups; additional Q(4) Si species were also observed, but only for ST10. Heating and cooling rates were briefly investigated by P-31 MAS NMR which showed no significant line broadening other than that associated with the emergence of beta-TCP which was only realised with the reagent-grade sample STO. This study provides an insight into the structural effects of Si-substitution in alpha-TCP and could provide a basis for understanding how substitution affects the physicochemical properties of the material. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Novel Fluoro-carbon Functional Monomer for Dental Bonding Reviewed

    K. Yoshihara, Y. Yoshida, S. Hayakawa, N. Nagaoka, S. Kamenoue, T. Okihara, T. Ogawa, M. Nakamura, A. Osaka, B. Van Meerbeek

    JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH   93 ( 2 )   189 - 194   2014.2

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    Among several functional monomers, 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) bonded most effectively to hydroxyapatite (HAp). However, more hydrolysis-resistant functional monomers are needed to improve bond durability. Here, we investigated the adhesive potential of the novel fluoro-carbon functional monomer 6-methacryloxy-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluorohexyl dihydrogen phosphate (MF8P; Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Tokyo, Japan) by studying its molecular interaction with powder HAp using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 MAS NMR) and with dentin using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and by characterizing its interface ultrastructure at dentin using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We further determined the dissolution rate of the MF8P_Ca salt, the hydrophobicity of MF8P, and the bond strength of an experimental MF8P-based adhesive to dentin. NMR confirmed chemical adsorption of MF8P onto HAp. XRD and TEM revealed MF8P_Ca salt formation and nano-layering at dentin. The MF8P_Ca salt was as stable as that of 10-MDP; MF8P was as hydrophobic as 10-MDP; a significantly higher bond strength was recorded for MF8P than for 10-MDP. In conclusion, MF8P chemically bonded to HAp. Despite its shorter size, MF8P possesses characteristics similar to those of 10-MDP, most likely to be associated with the strong chemical bond between fluorine and carbon. Since favorable bond strength to dentin was recorded, MF8P can be considered a good candidate functional monomer for bonding.

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  • Liquid phase deposited titania coating to enable in vitro apatite formation on Ti6Al4V alloy Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yoshitake Masuda, Keigo Okamoto, Yuki Shirosaki, Kazumi Kato, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   25 ( 2 )   375 - 381   2014.2

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    A recently developed "GRAPE(A (R)) technology" provides titanium or titanium alloy implants with spontaneous apatite-forming ability in vitro, which requires properly designed gaps and optimum heat treatment in air. In this study, titanium alloy and commercially pure (cp) titanium substrates were thermally oxidized in air before aligning pairs of specimens in the GRAPE(A (R)) set-up, i.e., titanium alloy and cp titanium substrates were aligned parallel to each other with optimum gap width (spatial design). A liquid phase deposition (LPD) technique was employed for titania coatings on titanium alloy substrate. Then, they were soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4, 36.5 A degrees C) for 7 days to confirm the in vitro apatite formation on the substrates under the specific spatial design. Anatase-type titania coatings fabricated by using LPD technique led to the deposition of apatite particles within 7 days and showed apatite X-ray diffraction. On the other hand, thermally oxidized titanium alloy substrate in air and non-treated specimens did not show any apatite X-ray diffraction. These results indicated that the heterogeneous nucleation of apatite induced on anatase-type titania coating prepared by LPD technique when it was aligned parallel to thermally oxidized cp titanium substrate with optimum gap width.

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  • Biomedical applications of sol-gel nanocomposites Reviewed

    Song Chen, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Nobutaka Hanagata, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Sol-Gel Nanocomposites   167 - 190   2014.1

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    This chapter introduces nanocomposites of silica, titania, calcium phosphates, biologically active glasses, and their polymer-modified derivatives with meso- and macro-porous, nanotubular, or hollow nanoparticle-type structures that have been prepared via the sol-gel routes. Their applications for delivering drugs and DNAs, tissue-materials interactions, and tissue regeneration are briefly described.

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  • The role of the chemical composition of monetite on the synthesis and properties of alpha-tricalcium phosphate Reviewed

    Jo Duncan, James F. MacDonald, John V. Hanna, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Janet M. S. Skakle, Iain R. Gibson

    MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS   34   123 - 129   2014.1

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    There has been a resurgence of interest in alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP), with use in cements, polymer composites and in bi- and tri-phasic calcium phosphate bone grafts. The simplest and most established method for preparing alpha-TCP is the solid state reaction of monetite (CaHPO4) and calcium carbonate at high temperatures, followed by quenching.
    In this study, the effect of the chemical composition of reagents used in the synthesis of alpha-TCP on the local structure of the final product is reported and findings previously reported pertaining to the phase composition and stability are also corroborated. Chemical impurities in the monetite reagents were identified and could be correlated to the calcium phosphate products formed; magnesium impurities favoured the formation of beta-TCP, whereas single phase alpha-TCP was favoured when magnesium levels were low. Monetite synthesised in-house exhibited a high level of chemical purity; when this source was used to produce an alpha-TCP sample, the alpha-polymorph could be obtained by both quenching and by cooling to room temperature in the furnace at rates between 1 and 10 degrees C/min, thereby simplifying the synthesis process. It was only when impurities were minimised that the 12 phosphorus environments in the alpha-TCP structure could be resolved by P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance; samples containing chemical impurity showed differing degrees of line-broadening. Reagent purity should therefore be considered a priority when synthesising/characterising the alpha-polymorph of TCP. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Challenges for Nerve Repair Using Chitosan-Siloxane Hybrid Porous Scaffolds Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Maria A. Lopes, Jose D. Santos, Stefano Geuna, Ana C. Mauricio

    BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL   2014   7   2014

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    The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries remains one of the greatest challenges of neurosurgery, as functional recover is rarely satisfactory in these patients. Recently, biodegradable nerve guides have shown great potential for enhancing nerve regeneration. A major advantage of these nerve guides is that no foreign material remains after the device has fulfilled its task, which spares a second surgical intervention. Recently, we studied peripheral nerve regeneration using chitosan-gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (chitosan-GPTMS) porous hybrid membranes. In our studies, these porous membranes significantly improved nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery in rat models of axonotmetic and neurotmetic sciatic nerve injuries. In particular, the number of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers and myelin thickness were significantly higher in rat treated with chitosan porous hybrid membranes, whether or not they were used in combination with mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord. In this review, we describe our findings on the use of chitosan-GPTMS hybrids for nerve regeneration.

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  • Sol-Gel-Derived Silicate Nano-Hybrids for Biomedical Applications Reviewed

    Kanji Tsuru, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN   36 ( 11 )   1683 - 1687   2013.11

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    Organic-inorganic hybrids of poly(dimethyl siloxane), gelatin, and chitosan with such silanes as tetraethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxytriethoxysilane are derived via the sol-gel routes. Their biomedical applications are discussed from biomimetic deposition of bone-like apatite, cell culture, and in vivo behavior.

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  • Preparation of injectable hydroxyapatite/collagen paste using sodium alginate and influence of additives Reviewed

    Taira Sato, Akinori Kochi, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Mamoru Aizawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Masanori Kikuchi

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   121 ( 1417 )   775 - 781   2013.9

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    Preparation of injectable hydroxyapatite/collagen bone-like nanocomposite (HAp/Col) paste utilizing sodium alginate (Na-Alg) and influence of additives on the paste properties were investigated. The HAp/Col at the HAp and collagen mass ratio of 80:20 synthesized by a simultaneous titration method was pelletized to 100-212 mu m. The HAp/Col powder and that treated with 100mM CaCl2 (Ca-HAp/Col) were used as starting powders. A paste was prepared by mixing of the starting powder and Na-Alg solution at one of several powder/liquid ratios. The paste was directly injected into 100mM CaCl2 solution to confirm setting capability, and examined a viscosity, hardening behavior, compressive strength and decay property. In addition, the paste supplemented with an organic acid or a calcium compound as an additive was also prepared to examine influences of the additive on paste properties. The organic acid was chosen from citric, succinic, malic, lactic and glycolic acids, and the calcium compound was chosen from Ca(OH)(2), Ca(CO)(3), CaSO4 center dot 0.5H(2)O and calcium citrate.
    The prepared paste was set by direct injection to 100mM CaCl2 solution. The suitable mixing conditions of the paste were a P/L ratio of 0.6 at the 90:10 mass ratio of Ca-HAp/Col and solution of low viscous Na-Alg. All additives increased the paste viscosity; however, the mechanisms were different between organic acids and calcium compounds. Organic acids rapidly decreased pH to form Alg gel by deposition of Alg. Contrarily, calcium compounds supplied Ca2+ ions to form egg-box structure for gelation of Alg, and the reaction depended on solubility of compound. Additives also increased decaying time but could not realize anti-decay in the present conditions. The results suggested that the HAp/Col injectable paste can be utilized in rapid prototyping materials and might be good candidate for injectable artificial bone with further improvement in anti-decay property. (C)2013 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Adhesive interfacial interaction affected by different carbon-chain monomers Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Takumi Okihara, Jan De Munck, Yukinori Maruo, Goro Nishigawa, Shogo Minagi, Akiyoshi Osaka, Bart Van Meerbeek

    DENTAL MATERIALS   29 ( 8 )   888 - 897   2013.8

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    Objectives. The functional monomer 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), recently used in more self-etch adhesives, chemically bonds to hydroxyapatite (HAp) and thus tooth tissue. Although the interfacial interaction of the phosphoric-acid functional group of 10-MDP with HAp-based substrates has well been documented, the effect of the long carbon-chain spacer of 10-MDP on the bonding effectiveness is far from understood.
    Methods. We investigated three phosphoric-acid monomers, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl dihydrogen phosphate (2-MEP), 6-methacryloyloxyhexyl dihydrogen phosphate (6-MHP) and 10-MDP, that only differed for the length of the carbon chain, on their chemical interaction potential with HAp and dentin, this correlatively using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Commercial 6-MHP and 10-MDP containing adhesives were investigated as well.
    Results. XRD revealed that on HAp only 10-MDP produced monomer-calcium salts in the form of 'nano-layering', while on dentin all monomers produced 'nano-layering', but with a varying intensity in the order of 10-MDP &gt; 6-MHP &gt; 2-MEP. TEM confirmed that 10-MDP formed the thickest hybrid and adhesive layer. XRD and TEM revealed 'nano-layering' for all commercial adhesives on dentin, though less intensively for the 6-MHP containing adhesive than for the 10-MDP ones.
    Significance. It is concluded that not only the phosphoric-acid group but also the spacer group, and its length, affect the chemical interaction potential with HAp and dentin. In addition, the relatively strong 'etching'' effect of 10-MDP forms more stable monomer-Ca salts, or 'nano-layering', than the two shorter carbon-chain monomers tested, thereby explaining, at least in part, the better bond durability documented with 10-MDP containing adhesives. (c) 2013 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Aluminium-free glass polyalkenoate cements: ion release and in vitro antibacterial efficacy Reviewed

    A. W. Wren, J. P. Hansen, S. Hayakawa, M. R. Towler

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   24 ( 5 )   1167 - 1178   2013.5

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    Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have exhibited potential as bone cements. This study investigates the effect of substituting TiO2 for SiO2 in the glass phase and the subsequent effect on cement rheology, mechanical properties, ion release and antibacterial properties. Glass characterization revealed a reduction in glass transition temperature (T (g) ) from 685 to 669 A degrees C with the addition of 6 mol % TiO2 (AT-2). Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) revealed a shift from -81 ppm to -76pmm when comparing a Control glass to AT-2, indicating de-polymerization of the Si network. The incorporation of TiO2 also increased the working time (T (w) ) from 19 to 61 s and setting time (T (s) ) from 70 to 427 s. The maximum compressive strength (sigma (c) ) increased from 64 to 85 MPa. Ion release studies determined that the addition of Ti to the glass reduced the release of zinc, calcium and strontium ions, with low concentrations of titanium being released. Antibacterial testing in E. coli resulted in greater bactericidal effects when tested in aqueous broth for both titanium containing cements.

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  • Nucleation and growth of apatite on an anatase layer irradiated with UV light under different environmental conditions Reviewed

    Keita Uetsuki, Shinsuke Nakai, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A   101 ( 3 )   712 - 719   2013.3

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    Implant surfaces must sometimes be modified to form strong bonds to host tissues. The method of depositing an anatase layer on chemically pure titanium by chemical oxidation with H2O2 and subsequent calcination (CHT) is known to deposit apatite under physiological conditions; it thus exhibits bone-bonding ability. UV irradiation should affect the bonding ability because the CHT anatase layer would experience certain chemical modifications, such as a decrease or an increase in the number of TiOH and TiO(H)Ti sites; these sites are considered active sites for apatite nucleation. When in vitro apatite deposition was examined, using Kokubo's simulated body fluid, UV irradiation in air reduced the apatite-forming ability of the CHT anatase layer, and UV irradiation on the samples in water enhanced the ability. These results were correlated to changes in the Ti?OH and TiO(H)Ti sites, as determined by O 1s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis of the number and size of the semi-spherical apatite particles and their surface coverage led to a model: proper assembly of the Ti?OH and TiO(H)Ti sites should only give rise to the induction of apatite nucleation, analogous to topotaxy effects.(C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A: 712-719, 2013.

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  • Revisiting structure of silica gels from water glass: an H-1 and Si-29 MAS and CP-MAS NMR study Reviewed

    Jie Li, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   65 ( 2 )   135 - 142   2013.2

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    The silica gels, derived from water glass solution with pH adjusted at 3.0 and 9.9, were revisited to investigate their constitution, although water glass has been studied for last tens of decades on gelation. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied to the nuclei H-1 and Si-29, by the use of magic angle spinning (MAS), H-1 -&gt; Si-29 CP-MAS (CP: cross-polarization), and modern techniques such as 2D HETCOR (two dimensional heteronuclear correlation), and variable-contact time CP techniques. Gelation time (t(gel)) showed U-letter shape dependence on pH. All gels consisted of Q(n) groups (n: 2, 3, and 4), where Q(n) stands for a silicate unite [(O-1/2)(n)Si (-O-)(4-n)] (n: 0-4). The analysis of the H-1 -&gt; Si-29 CP kinetics and H-1-Si-29 HETCOR spectra elucidated the presence of four kinds of H-1 nuclei, i.e., those giving a peak at 6.9 ppm in chemical shift delta: H-1-OSi hydrogen bonded to H2O molecules; one at 4.3 ppm: H-1 of adsorbed water molecules, hydrogen-bonded to the silanol groups; one at 1.7 ppm: H-1-OSi confined in the gel lattice, including that forming aggregations like Si-O-H/O-Na-Si; and one at 4.2 ppm: H-1 of water molecules on the outermost hydration layer.

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  • Preparation of inorganic-organic hybrid membrane for peripheral nerve reconstruction Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Maria A. Lopes, José D. Santos, Ana C. Maurîcio, Stefano Geuna

    9th IMAPS/ACerS International Conference and Exhibition on Ceramic Interconnect and Ceramic Microsystems Technologies, CICMT 2013   173 - 176   2013.1

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    The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries is still one of the most challenging tasks in neurosurgery, as functional recovery is rarely satisfactory in these patients. The concept behind the use of biodegradable nerve guides is that no foreign material should be left in place after the device has fulfilled its task, so as to spare a second surgical intervention. In a previous study, flexible and biodegradable chitosan-3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) hybrid membranes exhibited better cytocompatibility in terms of osteoblastic cells than chitosan membrane. Porous chitosan hybrid membranes, derived by freeze-drying the hybrid gels, showed that the cells were attached and proliferated both on the surface and into pores. In this study, the porous chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes with non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton&#039;s jelly of umbilical cord were used to reconstruct the crushed peripheral nerve. Axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was enwrapped with the hybrid membranes with or without a monolayer of non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells. Motor and sensory functional recovery was evaluated throughout a healing period of 12 weeks. The combination of hybrid membranes and human MSCs infiltration showed a slightly better recovery than the untreated control (the just crushed nerve). On the other hand, the hybrid membrane alone promoted the crushed peripheral nerve reconstruction. It is expected that the porous chitosan hybrid membranes is candidate for the clinical tool in peripheral nerve reconstructive surgery.

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  • Heterogeneous structure and in vitro degradation behavior of wet-chemically derived nanocrystalline silicon-containing hydroxyapatite particles

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Tomoko Kanaya, Kanji Tsuru, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Georgiana Gasqueres, Christian Bonhomme, Florence Babonneau, Christian Jaeger, Hans-Joachim Kleebe

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   9 ( 1 )   4856 - 4867   2013.1

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    Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp) and silicon-containing hydroxyapatite (SiHAp) particles were synthesized by a wet-chemical procedure and their heterogeneous structures involving a disordered phase were analyzed in detail by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effects of heterogeneous structure on in vitro biodegradability and the biologically active Ca(II)- and Si(IV)-releasing property of SiHAp particles were discussed. The Si-29 NMR analysis revealed that the Si(IV) was incorporated in the HAp lattice in the form of Q(0) (SiO44- or HSiO43-) species, accompanied by the formation of condensed silicate units outside the HAp lattice structure, where the fraction and amount of Q(0) species in the HAp lattice depends on the Si content. The P-31 and H-1 NMR results agreed well with the XRD, TEM and FTIR results. NMR quantitative analysis results were explained by using a core-shell model assuming a simplified hexagonal shape of HAp covered with a disordered layer, where Si(IV) in Q(0) was incorporated in the HAp lattice and a disordered phase consisted of hydrated calcium phosphates involving polymeric silicate species and carbonate anions. With the increase in the Si content in the HAp lattice, the in vitro degradation rate of the SiHAps increased, while their crystallite size stayed nearly unchanged. The biologically active Ca(II)- and Si(IV)-releasing ability of the SiHAps was remarkably enhanced at the initial stage of reactions by an increase in the amount of Si(IV) incorporated in the HAP lattice but also by an increase of the amount of polymeric silicate species incorporated in the disordered phase. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • HEMA Inhibits Interfacial Nano-layering of the Functional Monomer MDP Reviewed

    Y. Yoshida, K. Yoshihara, S. Hayakawa, N. Nagaoka, T. Okihara, T. Matsumoto, S. Minagi, A. Osaka, K. Van Landuyt, B. Van Meerbeek

    JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH   91 ( 11 )   1060 - 1065   2012.11

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    Previous research showed that the functional monomer 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) ionically bonds to hydroxyapatite (HAp) and forms a nano-layered structure at the interface with HAp-based substrates. Such hydrophobic nano-layering is considered to contribute to the long-term durability of the bond to tooth tissue. However, dental adhesives are complex mixtures usually containing different monomers. This study investigated the effect of the monomer 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) on the chemical interaction of MDP with HAp by x-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). We examined the chemical interaction of 5 experimental MDP solutions with increasing concentrations of HEMA. XRD revealed that addition of HEMA inhibits nano-layering at the interface, while NMR confirmed that MDP remained adsorbed onto the HAp surface. QCM confirmed this adsorption of MDP to HAp, as well as revealed that the demineralization rate of HAp by MDP was reduced by HEMA. It was concluded that even though the adsorption of MDP to HAp was not hindered, addition of HEMA inhibited interfacial nano-layering. Potential consequences with regard to bond durability necessitate further research.

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  • Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) as a template of silica hollow and solid micro-fibrous mats Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Hiroki Yoshihara, Song Chen, Mark Blevins, Yuri Nakamura, Nobutaka Hanagata, Satoshi Hayakawa, Artemis Stamboulis, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   120 ( 1407 )   520 - 524   2012.11

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    Silica fiber mats were fabricated by soaking electro-spun poly(vinyl alcohol) fibril mat in NH4OH-catalyzed (Stober type) colloidal silica sol and silica oligomer solution from HCl-catalysis of the system tetraethoxysilane, ethanol, and water, followed by appropriate heat treatments. The silica fibrils from the Stober silica sol were hollow nano-tubes (NT) consisting of nano-sized silica particles, while the silica nanofibers (NF) from the acid-catalyzed sol were solid with minimal porosity. A model was proposed for the NF and NT formation processes. (C)2012 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Use of hybrid chitosan membranes and human mesenchymal stem cells from the Wharton jelly of umbilical cord for promoting nerve regeneration in an axonotmesis rat model Reviewed

    Andrea Gaertner, Tiago Pereira, Maria Joao Simoes, Paulo A. S. Armada-da-Silva, Miguel L. Franca, Rosa Sousa, Simone Bompasso, Stefania Raimondo, Yuki Shirosaki, Yuri Nakamura, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osakah, Beatriz Porto, Ana Lucia Luis, Artur S. P. Varejao, Ana Colette Mauricio

    NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH   7 ( 29 )   2247 - 2258   2012.10

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    Many studies have been dedicated to the development of scaffolds for improving post-traumatic nerve regeneration. The goal of this study was to assess the effect on nerve regeneration, associating a hybrid chitosan membrane with non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord, in peripheral nerve reconstruction after crush injury. Chromosome analysis on human mesenchymal stem cell line from Wharton's jelly was carried out and no structural alterations were found in metaphase. Chitosan membranes were previously tested in vitro, to assess their ability in supporting human mesenchymal stem cell survival, expansion, and differentiation. For the in vivo testing, Sasco Sprague adult rats were divided in 4 groups of 6 or 7 animals each: Group 1, sciatic axonotmesis injury without any other intervention (Group 1-Crush); Group 2, the axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was infiltrated with a suspension of 1 250-1 500 human mesenchymal stem cells (total volume of 50 mu L) (Group 2-CrushCell); Group 3, axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was enwrapped with a chitosan type III membrane covered with a monolayer of non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (Group 3-CrushChitIIICell) and Group 4, axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was enwrapped with a chitosan type III membrane (Group 4-CrushChitIII). Motor and sensory functional recovery was evaluated throughout a healing period of 12 weeks using sciatic functional index, static sciatic index, extensor postural thrust, and withdrawal reflex latency. Stereological analysis was carried out on regenerated nerve fibers. Results showed that infiltration of human mesenchymal stem cells, or the combination of chitosan membrane enwrapment and human mesenchymal stem cell enrichment after nerve crush injury provide a slight advantage to post-traumatic nerve regeneration. Results obtained with chitosan type III membrane alone confirmed that they significantly improve post-traumatic axonal regrowth and may represent a very promising clinical tool in peripheral nerve reconstructive surgery. Yet, umbilical cord human mesenchymal stem cells, that can be expanded in culture and induced to form several different types of cells, may prove, in future experiments, to be a new source of cells for cell therapy, including targets such as peripheral nerve and muscle.

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  • Sol-gel preparation of apatite-coated silica macrospheres from water glass and their adsorption of bovine serum albumin and lysozyme Reviewed

    Jie Li, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Artemis Stamboulis, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   120 ( 1405 )   355 - 361   2012.9

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    Silica gel macrospheres were prepared from water glass as the silica source. The water glass solution was mixed with sodium alginate solution and added dropwisely to 1 M CaCl2 solution to form macrospheres with similar to 4 and 2.6 mm in diameter. Those SiO2 macrospheres were soaked in 1:1 (volume) mixture of ethanol and 0.1 M Na2HPO4 to deposit hydroxyapatite layer (HAp-SiO2 macrospheres). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg lysozyme (LYZ) were adsorbed those SiO2 and HAp-SiO2 macrospheres. The amount of proteins adsorbed was well correlated to the Langmuir-type adsorption equation. The electrostatic interaction was predominant between the macrosphere surface and the protein molecules. Protein molecular entrapment in the mesopores (525 nm) was also probable for the SiO2 macrospheres but not applicable to the HAp-SiO2 ones without the mesopores. From consideration that protein molecule has a few groups with negative or positive partial charges, a multi-layer adsorption model was proposed. (c) 2012 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Characterization of hybrid composite membrane based polymer/precursor/SiO2 Reviewed

    Uma Thanganathan, Yuta Nishina, Kunio Kimura, Satoshi Hayakawa, Rambabu Bobba

    MATERIALS LETTERS   81   88 - 91   2012.8

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    New class of hybrid composite was synthesized via sol-gel process with the combination of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), TEOS, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) reacted with the cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde. The composites demonstrated a maximum high proton conductivity of 1.7 x 10(-2) S cm(-1) at 140 degrees C and a relative humidity of 50% RH. The swelling ratio was calculated in dry and wet conditions, and the composites were found capable of swelling. The structural formation of the composites was studied by techniques such as FTIR, TGA and impedance spectroscopy, and it was concluded that these PVA-SiO2/GPTMS/GA composite membranes exhibited excellent thermal, mechanical and conductivity properties. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Self-assembled Nano-layering at the Adhesive Interface Reviewed

    Y. Yoshida, K. Yoshihara, N. Nagaoka, S. Hayakawa, Y. Torii, T. Ogawa, A. Osaka, B. Van Meerbeek

    JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH   91 ( 4 )   376 - 381   2012.4

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    According to the 'Adhesion-Decalcification' concept, specific functional monomers within dental adhesives can ionically interact with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Such ionic bonding has been demonstrated for 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to manifest in the form of self-assembled 'nano-layering'. However, it remained to be explored if such nano-layering also occurs on tooth tissue when commercial MDP-containing adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray; Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) were applied following common clinical application protocols. We therefore characterized adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically, using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultrastructurally, using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM). Both adhesives revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer. Since such self-assembled nano-layering of two 10-MDP molecules, joined by stable MDP-Ca salt formation, must make the adhesive interface more resistant to biodegradation, it may well explain the documented favorable clinical longevity of bonds produced by 10-MDP-based adhesives.

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  • BMP-2-loaded silica nanotube fibrous meshes for bone generation Reviewed

    Song Chen, Xuetao Shi, Hiromi Morita, Jie Li, Nobuhiro Ogawa, Toshiyuki Ikoma, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Nobutaka Hanagata

    SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS   12 ( 6 )   2011.12

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    Silica nanotube fibrous meshes were fabricated as multiple functional matrices for both delivering bone morphological protein-2 (BMP-2) and supporting osteoblast attachment and proliferation. The meshes were fabricated via a collagen-templated sol-gel route and consisted of tubular silica with open ends. BMP-2 was loaded to the meshes by soaking in BMP-2 solution. The meshes effectively enabled the attachment and proliferation of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and delivered bioactive BMP-2 to stimulate cell differentiation. These results demonstrate the potential use of the meshes in bone generation applications.

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  • Nanolayering of phosphoric acid ester monomer on enamel and dentin Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Satoshi Hayakawa, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Masao Irie, Tatsuyuki Ogawa, Kirsten L. Van Landuyt, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kazuomi Suzuki, Shogo Minagi, Bart Van Meerbeek

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   7 ( 8 )   3187 - 3195   2011.8

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    Following the "adhesion-decalcification" concept, specific functional monomers possess the capacity to primary chemically interact with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Such ionic bonding with synthetic HAp has been demonstrated for 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), manifest as self-assembled "nanolayering". In continuation of that basic research this study aimed to explore whether nanolayering also occurs on enamel and dentin when a 10-MDP primer is applied following a common clinical application protocol. Therefore, the interaction of an experimental 10-MDP primer and a control, commercially available, 10-MDP-based primer (Clearfil SE Bond primer (C-SE), Kuraray) with enamel and dentin was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), complemented with transmission electron microscopy interfacial ultrastructural data upon their reaction with enamel and dentin. In addition, XRD was used to study the effect of the concentration of 10-MDP on nanolayering on dentin. Finally, the stability of the nanolayers was determined by measuring the bond strength to enamel and dentin when a photoinitiator was added to the experimental primer or when interfacial polymerization depended solely on the photoinitiator supplied with the subsequently applied adhesive resin. XRD confirmed nanolayering on enamel and dentin, which was significantly greater on dentin than on enamel, and also when the surface was actively rubbed with the primer. Nanolayering was also proportional to the concentration of 10-MDP in the primer. Finally, the experimental primer needed the photoinitiator to obtain a tensile bond strength to dentin comparable with that of the control C-SE primer (which also contains a photoinitiator), but not when bonded to enamel. It is concluded that self-assembled nanolayering occurs on enamel and dentin, even when following a clinically used application protocol. The lower bonding effectiveness of mild self-etch adhesives to enamel should be ascribed in part to a lower chemical reactivity (nanolayering) with enamel HAP. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Effect of Disordered Structure of Boron-Containing Calcium Phosphates on their In Vitro Biodegradability Reviewed

    Sabrina Barheine, Satoshi Hayakawa, Christian Jaeger, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY   94 ( 8 )   2656 - 2662   2011.8

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    This study proposes a new guideline for designing biodegradable apatite ceramics. Boron-containing hydroxyapatite (BHAp) particles were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction processing method and were characterized in terms of their chemical composition, apatite lattice defects and in vitro biodegradability. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that boron-incorporation into hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived by thermo-chemical reactions between borate and calcium phosphate phases led to disordered phases (BCaP) of a CaO-P2O5-B2O3-OH system covering the crystalline HAp core. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the BCaP phase must consist mainly of a crystalline oxyboroapatite (OBAp) phase. An in vitro biodegradability test showed that BHAp degraded quicker than HAp or beta-tricalcium phosphate. The biodegradability of BHAp particles can be controlled by boron incorporation into a HAp lattice leading to the formation of a disordered OBAp phase.

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  • Self-etch Monomer-Calcium Salt Deposition on Dentin Reviewed

    K. Yoshihara, Y. Yoshida, S. Hayakawa, N. Nagaoka, Y. Torii, A. Osaka, K. Suzuki, S. Minagi, B. Van Meerbeek, K. L. Van Landuyt

    JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH   90 ( 5 )   602 - 606   2011.5

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    Previous research, in which the bonding effectiveness of the 3 self-etch monomers HAEPA, EAEPA, and MAEPA was determined, showed that MAEPA was most effective. In this study, the molecular interactions of these monomers with hydroxyapatite and dentin were investigated by combining x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. We tested the null hypothesis that the bonding performance of these monomers does not correlate to the formation of monomer-calcium salts and to hydrolytic stability of these monomer-calcium complexes. Monomer/ethanol/water solutions were prepared and applied to synthetic hydroxyapatite and dentin. While HAEPA and EAEPA dissolved dentin considerably and deposited unstable calcium-phosphate salts (DCPD), MAEPA formed hydrolysis-resistant monomer-calcium salts that remained attached to the dentin surface even after being washed. The chemical stability of the monomer-Ca salts was thought to contribute in particular to the bond durability, but this study shows that the formation of stable monomer-calcium salts also enhances the 'immediate' bonding performance of self-etch adhesives.

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  • Fabrication of hydroxyapatite with controlled morphology in a micro-reactor Reviewed

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Yoshiaki Nakazaki, Yuji Tanizawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   119 ( 1386 )   116 - 119   2011.2

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    A flow-micro-reactor system was employed to fabricate hydroxyapatite (HAp) in order to mimic the interface between calcium and phosphate solutions on a wet chemical procedure. The mixing ratio of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and diammonium hydrogenphosphate solution was set to the stoichiometric atomic ratio HAp, 1.67, while pH value of the product suspension was varied from 6.4 to 10.0. The product morphology was changed from nano-sheet type to nano-particle type via nano-rod one, while their size was decreased from 100-500 nm to 50 nm. All as-prepared samples, irrespective of pH value of the resultant suspension, consisted of HAp, predominant phase, octacalcium phosphate (OCP), and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) or dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (DCPA). A batch system using the same solutions yielded very similar results, which confirmed that the reactions in this micro-reactor well reproduced a large-scale mixing system. Calcining sample obtained from pH 6.4 suspension for 2 h at lower temperatures (&lt;400 degrees C) lead to decomposition of DCPD, DCPA, and OCP. Trace tricalcium phosphate (TCP) appeared on calcination above 400 degrees C. HAp remained the predominant phase throughout the process. After calcination at 600 degrees C, no other phases than HAp and TCP were present in the product. The analyzed ratio Ca/P (1.38) implied that those crystalline phases were highly Ca-deficient, and that amorphous calcium phosphates were involved in both as-prepared and calcined sample pH 6.4. (C)2011 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved

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  • GRAPE® Technology:チタン合金に骨組織親和性を付与する微小空間デザインと熱酸化

    尾坂明義, 杉野篤史, 都留寛治, 早川聡, 城﨑由紀, 大槻主税, 蔵本孝一

    人工臓器   40 ( 1 )   66 - 69   2011

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  • Preparation of osteocompatible Si(IV)-enriched chitosan-silicate hybrids Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Hirofumi Moribayashi, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuri Nakamura, Iain R. Gibson, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   118 ( 1383 )   989 - 992   2010.11

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    Chitosan-gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)-tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) hybrid membranes were prepared by the sol-gel method. The effects of Si(IV) released from them on cell proliferation and differentiation were examined in terms of cell metabolic activity and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 osteoblastic cells. The amount of Si(IV) released from the hybrid membranes increased with the TEOS content. The released Si(IV) inhibited cell proliferation but promoted cell differentiation. Thus, the osteocompatibility of the chitosan hybrid membranes in the chitosan-GPTMS-TEOS system can be controlled by the amount of Si(IV) released from them when they are applied to cell culture. (C) 2010 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Effects of UV-irradiation on in vitro apatite-forming ability of TiO2 layers Reviewed

    Keita Uetsuki, Haruki Kaneda, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS   173 ( 1-3 )   213 - 215   2010.10

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    Titanium and its alloys are employed as artificial joints, bone plates, wires, screws and bone prostheses in orthopedic and dental fields, because of their high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Since they cannot directly bond to living bone-tissue through stable chemical interactions, a few surface modification techniques have been proposed for giving materials apatite-forming ability that secures bone-tissue bonding, such as chemical treatment with H2O2 or NaOH, electrochemical oxidation, electrophoretic apatite particle deposition, and UV-irradiation of surface titanium oxide layer. This study examined how the combination of H2O2 chemical treatment and UV-irradiation affected in vitro apatite-formation on TiO2 (anatase phase) layers as UV was irradiated under a few different conditions. TiO2 layer was prepared by the chemical treatment with H2O2 solution and subsequent heat-treatment (CHT). CHT samples were irradiated with UV-light for 1 h in air or in ultra-pure water. They were then soaked in Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid (SBF; pH 7.4) at 36.5 degrees C for 1 day. Their surface structure and morphology were examined by using a thin film X-ray diffractometer (TF-XRD), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The UV-irradiation of CHT in air reduced the number of active sites for apatite nucleation. On the contrary, however, the UV-irradiation in water increased them. These opposite results indicate that environmental factors of the UV-irradiation are important for controlling the in vitro apatite-forming ability of anatase layer. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Nano-controlled molecular interaction at adhesive interfaces for hard tissue reconstruction Reviewed

    Kumiko Yoshihara, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Daisuke Fukegawa, Satoshi Hayakawa, Atsushi Mine, Mariko Nakamura, Shogo Minagi, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kazuomi Suzuki, Bart Van Meerbeek

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   6 ( 9 )   3573 - 3582   2010.9

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    Although decayed/fractured teeth can be reconstructed minimally invasively and nearly invisibly using adhesive technology, the clinical longevity of dental composite restorations is still too short. Water sorption is thought to be the principal cause of destabilization of the biomaterial-tooth bond. However, the actual mechanisms of interfacial degradation are far from understood. Here we report how nano-controlled molecular interaction at the biomaterial-hard tissue interface can improve bond durability. The use of functional monomers with a strong chemical affinity for the calcium in hydroxyapatite is essential for long-term durability. Correlative X-ray diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance disclosed a time-dependent molecular interaction at the interface with stable ionic bond formation of the monomer to hydroxyapatite competing in time with the deposition of less stable calcium phosphate salts. The advanced tooth-biomaterial interaction model gives not only an insight into the mechanisms of bond degradation, but also provides a basis to develop functional monomers for more durable tooth reconstruction. (C) 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Enhancement of apatite-forming ability of parallely aligned Ti-substrates with optimum gaps by autoclaving Reviewed

    Yoko Nakao, Atsushi Sugino, Kanji Tsuru, Keita Uetsuki, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   118 ( 1378 )   483 - 486   2010.6

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    Pure titanium pieces were air-oxidized and autoclaved at 121 degrees C for 20 min before aligning various pairs of specimens in the GRAPE (R) set-up, i.e., two pieces of rectangular substrates were aligned parallel to each other with optimum gap width (spatial design). Then, they were soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days to clarify how the autoclaving is to affect the in vitro apatite-forming ability on the substrates under the specific spatial design. Autoclaved specimens deposited a larger number of apatite particles, and showed stronger apatite X-ray diffraction than the specimen only heated in air. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the amount of chemically adsorbed OH and Ti-OH groups on the thermally oxidized titanium specimens increased by autoclaving. These results lead to the conclusion that the increase of Ti-OH groups and OH(s) and H2O groups on the surface enhanced the in vitro apatite-forming ability on spatial design. (C)2010 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Morphology and structure of organosilica hybrid particles derived from tetramethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane via a catalyst-free sol-gel route Reviewed

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY   20 ( 35 )   7337 - 7339   2010

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    Organosilica hybrid particles were derived for the first time from a catalyst-free neutral sol-gel system of vinyltrimethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, ethanol, and water and consisted of T species (CH(2) = CH-Si(-O-Si)(n)(OH, OCH(3))(3-n), n = 2 and 3) and Q species (Si(-O-Si)(n)(OH, OCH(3))(4-n), n = 2, 3, and 4). After combined with poly(methylmethacrylate) and CaCl(2), they induced deposition of bioactive apatite in the Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid and are applicable for bone regeneration.

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  • Analysis of gamma-irradiated synthetic bone grafts by Si-29 MAS-NMR spectroscopy, calorimetry and XRD Reviewed

    D. Boyd, S. Murphy, M. R. Towler, A. W. Wren, S. Hayakawa

    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS   355 ( 45-47 )   2285 - 2288   2009.11

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    Ca-Sr-Zn-Si glasses have demonstrated excellent biocompatibility both in vitro using the MTT assay with L929 mouse fibroblast cells, and in vivo using healthy and ovariectomized female Wistar rats. However, the biological evaluation of the materials was performed on glass granules that were autoclaved, rather than gamma-irradiated; the sterilisation procedure required prior to implantation of these materials in the human body. Given the fact that when a glass is exposed to ionizing radiation changes in its physical properties can take place, it is imperative to determine whether the structure of such glasses will be altered as a result of exposure to the typical amounts of gamma-irradiation required to sterilise such materials prior to implantation. This paper examines the structure of Na-Ca-Sr-Zn-Si glasses using Si-29 MAS-NMR, XRD and DTA and to evaluate the effect of 30 kGy gamma-irradiation on their structure. The Si-29 MAS-NMR results indicate that the peak maxima for each glass remains between -74 ppm and -79 ppm; a chemical shift for Si-29 associated with Q(1) units in silicate glasses, and that the local environment around the Si-29 isotope remains unaltered as a result of exposure. Additional analysis (DTA and XRD) showed that the onset of the glass transition temperature, T-g (in the range 553 degrees C-619 degrees C depending on composition) typically remains unchanged, as a result of exposure to the ionizing radiation, as do the XRD diffractograms for each glass. Therefore it can be concluded that the use of 30 kGy gamma-irradiation does not effect the local environment of the Si-29 isotope in the glasses, nor does it significantly alter the XRD diffraction patterns or the T-g values for CaO-SrO-NaO-ZnO-SiO2 described in this work. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Gelatin-siloxane hybrid scaffolds with vascular endothelial growth factor induces brain tissue regeneration Reviewed

    M. Takamiya, H. Zhang, K. Deguchi, K. Tsuru, V. Lukic, T. Yamashita, S. Nagotani, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, T. Kamiya, K. Abe

    JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM   29   S169 - S170   2009.10

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  • Pore Structure of Hard Carbon Made from Phenolic Resin Studied by Xe-129 NMR Reviewed

    Kazuma Gotoh, Takahiro Ueda, Taro Eguchi, Koji Kawabata, Kenji Yamamoto, Yuki Murakami, Satoshi Hayakawa, Hiroyuki Ishida

    BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN   82 ( 10 )   1232 - 1239   2009.10

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    The pore structure of hard carbon samples made from two kinds of phenolic resins by heating between 1073 and 1473 K was investigated by Xe-129 NMR. The difference of porous structure of hard carbon samples by heat treatment temperature, which was difficult to analyze precisely by general gas adsorption methods, could be evaluated by XeNMR at an equilibrium state of xenon gas adsorption. Carbon samples produced by heating precursors under a 0.1 MPa xenon atmosphere showed stronger NMR signals than carbon heated at reduced pressure, despite their almost identical powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Applying this method, the dependence of NMR spectra on heating temperature between 1073 and 1473 K was examined. A carbon sample consisting of smaller particles showed almost constant shift values at about 102 ppm, while the peak of another sample with larger particles shifted between 118 and 82 ppm depending on the heating temperature. Then, almost all entrances of each sample closed above 1273 K. Using NMR with the improved heat-treatment by xenon gas, we evaluated pores in hard carbon that were hard to access from the outer surface of the hard carbon.

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  • Sol-Gel Synthesis and Microstructure Analysis of Amino-Modified Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles from Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and Tetraethoxysilane Reviewed

    Song Chen, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY   92 ( 9 )   2074 - 2082   2009.9

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    Agglomerated amino-modified silica nanoparticles were prepared from a novel Stober-like precursor system consisting of aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), ethanol, and water where the molar ratio APTES/TEOS was 0, 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0, and the molar ratio H(2)O/-SiOC(2)H(5) was about 20 to 60, or great excess amounts of H(2)O were employed. APTES catalyzed the hydrolysis and condensation of both silanes. (29)Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed that the particles consisted of Q(n) species (Si(OSi)(n)(OH)(4-n); n=2, 3, 4) and T(n) species (NH(2)(CH(2))(3)-Si(OSi)(n)(OH)(3-n); n=2, 3). The APTES content in the precursor solutions controlled the agglomerating spherical particle size and morphology: 0.1 in the ratio APTES/TEOS led to almost independent spheres of 300-400 nm, while the larger ratios 1 and 2 led to similar to 250 and similar to 150 nm spheres, respectively, that were largely agglomerated and some were fused to look like peanut-shells. When soaked in Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid, those amino-modified particles deposited apatite. The mechanisms of particle formation and apatite deposition were discussed in terms of an intraparticle hydrated layer.

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  • Preparation of nanometer-scale rod array of hydroxyapatite crystal Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yaqi Li, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   5 ( 6 )   2152 - 2160   2009.7

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    Fabrication of nano- or micro-structured scaffolds to mimic structural and three-dimensional details of natural bone or teeth has been the subject of much interest, and this study proposes a new strategy for self-assembling one-dimensional hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorods into organized superstructures. A nanometer-scale rod array of HAp having preferred orientation to the c-axis was successfully prepared simply by soaking calcium-containing silicate glass substrates in Na(2)HPO(4) aqueous solution at 80 degrees C for various periods. Those HAp rods grew perpendicularly to the glass surface, and the crystallites covered the glass surface uniformly, resulting in a "dental enamel-like" rod array structure consisting of "pine-leaf-like" structure units. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Surface, Interface, and Bulk Structure of Borate Containing Apatitic Biomaterials Reviewed

    Sabrina Barheine, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Christian Jaeger

    CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS   21 ( 14 )   3102 - 3109   2009.7

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    Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used for a detailed investigation of the borate incorporation in apatitic biomaterials prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction sintering. The NMR data clearly show that crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp) does exist, but it contains only about 30% of the entire phosphate content of the sample. The main phosphate content of about 70% forms a disordered calcium phosphate phase (BCaP) that accommodates the borate units in two structurally different trigonal BO(3)(3-) groups besides some minor linear BO(2)(-) units. The average chemical composition of BCaP was estimated from the NMR spectra. Furthermore, a structural model of these particles is proposed, where HAp forms the crystalline core of these crystals covered by the disordered BCaP, suggesting that the BCaP phase is responsible for the adhesion properties of organic molecules like proteins and not HAp that is the only significant crystalline phase (XRD). Furthermore, the presence of an interface between HAp and BCaP is discussed based on various NMR experiments, including a triple-resonant (11)B-(31)P cross-polarization edited (31)P NMR spectrum with subsequent (31)P{(1)H} REDOR (Rotational Echo DOuble Resonance) dephasing,

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive HEMA-MPS-CaCl2 Hybrid Gels: Effects of Catalysts in the Sol-Gel Processing on Mechanical Properties and in vitro Hydroxyapatite Formation in a Simulated Body Fluid Reviewed

    Tomohiro Uchino, Chikara Ohtsuki, Masanobu Kamitakahara, Toshiki Miyazaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS   23 ( 6 )   519 - 532   2009.5

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    We investigated synthetic conditions for the fabrication of bioactive hybrid gels from monomers of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate ( HEMA) and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) in combination with CaCl2, at a starting molar ratio of HEMA: MPS: CaCl2 of 9:1:1. Hydroxyapatite formation, essential to show bone bonding, was observed on the HEMA-MPS-CaCl2 hybrid gels with the added catalysts NH3 or HCl with a molar ratio to MPS of 0.1, but not on the hybrid gel with HCl at a molar ratio to MPS of 1. The mechanical properties of the gels were dependent on the catalysts, which may affect the microstructures that develop during sol-gel processing.

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  • XPS study on potential suppression factors of suppressing in vitro apatite formation on anatase films prepared on various substrates Reviewed

    Tetsuya Shozui, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY   203 ( 16 )   2181 - 2185   2009.5

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    Multilayer anatase films were coated by sol-gel technology on various substrates such as stainless-steel, alumina, and glass, respectively. Their in vitro apatite-forming ability was examined by immersion in Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid (SBF; pH 7.4, 36.5 degrees C). Although on anatase layer on alkali-free glass apatite was deposited within 7 d, no apatite was found on anatase deposited onto stainless steel, alumina or glass substrates within 7 d to prove they were bioinert. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was able to detect chromium, aluminum, or sodium on the surface of the anatase films. This indicated that these ions possibly inhibited the in vitro apatite-forming ability. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Induced deposition of bone-like hydroxyapatite on thermally oxidized titanium substrates using a spatial gap in a solution that mimics a body fluid Reviewed

    Atsushi Sugino, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Koichi Kikuta, Giichiro Kawachi, Akiyoshi Osaka, Chikara Ohtsuki

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   117 ( 1364 )   515 - 520   2009.4

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    We report on the effect of using a spatial gap on heterogeneous nucleation on the surface of thermally oxidized titanium substrates. Induction of heterogeneous nucleation of bone-like hydroxyapatite (BHAp) was evaluated in the spatial gaps between substrates that were thermally oxidized at temperatures of 100-800 degrees C on exposure to a simulated body fluid (SBF). After soaking in a SBF for 7 d, BHAp spontaneously deposited inside the gap on the surface of samples that were thermally oxidized at temperatures above 400 degrees C, but not on samples that were thermally oxidized at temperatures of 300 degrees C or less. Among the substrates studied, BHAp particles were most readily deposited inside the gap on the surface of the samples that were thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C after soaking in an SBF. A smaller gap led to a higher number of BHAp particles being deposited on the surface of the samples that were thermally oxidized at 400 or 500 degrees C. Our results suggest that the formation of BHAp in a SBF is dependent on the temperature during thermal oxidization, and also on the spatial gap between the samples. The ease of formation of BHAp on thermally oxidized titanium increases with increasing thickness of the rutile phase and the number of Ti-OH groups, which are produced during the thermal oxidization process. In addition to the surface structure of the substrates, the spatial gap is regarded as an important parameter for enhancing the deposition of BHAp. Since the formation of BHAp allows osteoconduction to occur after implantation in a bony defect, it is possible to design titanium-based implants with a high biological affinity to bone by processing using an appropriate spatial design of the substrate. (C) 2009 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Structure and morphology of aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified TiO2 nano-particles derived from sol-gel processing of tetraethylorthotitanate Reviewed

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanji Tsuru

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   117 ( 1364 )   537 - 541   2009.4

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    Amino-modified TiO2 particles were derived from precursor mixtures of tetraethylorthotitanate and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) that both were dissolved in ethanol/water solution. Size, morphology, crystalline structures, and formation mechanism of the particles were discussed in terms of the APTES amount and the pH value in the solution. The addition of APTES resulted in amorphous amino-modified TiO2 particles. The low crystallinity in the final particles was attributed to the polar amino groups. (C) 2009 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • Physical, chemical and in vitro biological profile of chitosan hybrid membrane as a function of organosiloxane concentration Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Maria Ascensao Lopes, Jose Domingos Santos, Maria Adelina Costa, Maria Helena Fernandes

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   5 ( 1 )   346 - 355   2009.1

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    We attempted to prepare chitosan-silicate hybrid for use in a medical application and evaluated the physico-chemical properties and osteocompatibility of the hybrids as a function of gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) concentration. Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using GPTMS as the reagent for cross-linking of the chitosan chains. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, (29)Si Cp- MAS NMR spectroscopy and the ninhydrin assay were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids, and stress-strain curves were recorded to estimate their Young&apos;s modulus. The swelling ability, contact angle and cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPTMS concentration. A certain fraction of GPTMS in each hybrid was linked at the epoxy group to the amino group of chitosan, which was associated with the change in the methoxysilane group of GPTMS due to hybridization. The cross-linking density was around 80% regardless of the volume of GPTMS. As the content of GPTMS increased, the water uptake decreased and the hydrophilicity of the hybrids increased except when the content exceeded amolar ratio of 1.5, when it caused a decrease. The values of the mechanical parameters assessed indicated that significant stiffening of the hybrids was obtained by the addition of GPTMS. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 osteoblast cells cultured on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface were improved compared to those on the chitosan membrane, regardless of the GPTMS concentration. Moreover, human bone marrow osteoblast cells proliferated on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface and formed a fibrillar extracellular matrix with numerous calcium phosphate globular structures, both in the presence and in the absence of dexamethasone. Therefore, the chitosan-GPTMS hybrids are promising candidates for basic materials that can promote bone regeneration because of their controllable composition (chitosan/GPTMS ratio). (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Effect of spatial design and thermal oxidation on apatite formation on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy Reviewed

    Atsushi Sugino, Chikara Ohtsuki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Takayoshi Nakano, Yoshimitsu Okazaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   5 ( 1 )   298 - 304   2009.1

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    Apatite formation on the surface of titanium and its alloys is effective for inducing osteoconductivity when implanted in bony defects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal oxidation on apatite formation in macro-grooves on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb. Thermal oxidation at 500 and 600 degrees C in air led to modification of the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb surface to rutile phase titanium oxide. Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb thermally oxidized at 500 degrees C in air showed no changes in metallographic structure, but not at 600 degrees C. After soaking in a simulated body fluid for 7 days, the formation of apatite could be observed on the internal surfaces of macro-grooves 500 mu m deep and wide on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb thermally oxidized at 500 and 600 'C in air. These results indicate the potential for osteoconductivity of Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb without changing its metallographic structure, by fabricating only the macro-grooves, i.e., spatial design, and by performing thermal oxidation at 500 degrees C. (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Microstructure evolution in Stober-type silica nanoparticles and their in vitro apatite deposition Reviewed

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   48 ( 3 )   322 - 335   2008.12

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    Prepared via Stober-type sol-gel routes were three types of silica particles of &lt; 1 mu m in size: pure silica, Ca-involving silica, and chitosan/alginate-coated silica with a polymershell-silica core structure. Calcium ions were impregnated in the organic layers of the polymer-coated silica particle. The sol-gel procedure was applied to tetraethoxysilane dissolved in an ethanol/water mixture, while Ca-silica was derived from CaCl(2)-containing ethanol/water solutions. Scanning and transmission electron micrograph analyses indicated that those silica particles consisted of similar to 10 nm primary particles, the Ca-silica particles (similar to 500 nm) were larger than the Ca-free ones (similar to 200 nm) and that their size increased with the Ca concentration in the precursor solutions. From (1)H- and (29)Si- magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and (29)Si cross-polarization NMR spectra, the mechanism of primary particle agglomeration and degradation of the secondary particles in saline were discussed in terms of the content of H(2)O molecules and &gt; Si-OH as well as hydrogen bonding interactions among them. In addition, the Ca-silica and core-shell silica deposited apatite in Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid. Thus, the present Ca-silica and polymer-coated silica particles were suggested to be applicable to injectable bone fillers for bone generation.

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  • Novel One-pot Sol-Gel Preparation of Amino-functionalized Silica Nanoparticles Reviewed

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata

    CHEMISTRY LETTERS   37 ( 11 )   1170 - 1171   2008.11

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    Amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles smaller than 200 nm in diameter were directly prepared from precursor mixtures of tetraethoxysilane and aminopropyltriethoxysilane in ethanol/water solutions via a novel one-pot sol-gel procedure.

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  • Novel fabrication of nano-rod array structures on titanium and in vitro cell responses Reviewed

    Yongxing Liu, Weihui Chen, Yunzhi Yang, Joo L. Ong, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   19 ( 7 )   2735 - 2741   2008.7

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    Nano-scale rod arrays of titania were fabricated on titanium surface by a glass phase topotaxy growth (GPT) method, which was featured by an interfacial reaction between sodium tetraborate coating and the preheated metallic titanium at elevated temperature. The samples were characterized by thin-film X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), profilometer and contact angle measurement. Thin-film XRD analysis indicated that the nano-rod arrays were composed of pure rutile titania phase. SEM images showed that these rutile rods were 100-200 nm wide and 1-2 mu m long. The nano-rod arrays had significantly higher average roughness (P &lt; 0.05) and greater hydrophilicity (P &lt; 0.05) compared to the control. Human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells were grown to evaluate in vitro cell responses to the nano-rod array structures in terms of cell attachment and proliferation. An equivalent high attachment rate of 94% was observed after 4-h incubation, but a lower proliferation rate was observed on the nano-rod array after 12-day culture compared to the control (P &lt; 0.05).

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  • Bilirubin adsorption property of sol-gel-derived titania particles for blood purification therapy Reviewed

    Takuji Asano, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   4 ( 4 )   1067 - 1072   2008.7

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    Titania (anatase) gel powders were prepared by peptizing commercially available titania sols and heating them at temperatures up to 700 degrees C, as candidates for bilirubin adsorbents for blood purification therapy. Those titania particles were in contact with a protein solution containing bilirubin and bovine serum albumin that mimics the blood of bilirubinemia patients. The amount of free or direct bilirubin in the solution insignificant. Indirect bilirubin or a bilirubin complex with albumin was adsorbed on the anatase powders, the primary particle size of which was as large as or larger than the size of an albumin molecule. The surface charge and surface charge density were only minor factors in controlling the indirect bilirubin adsorption. The present results indicated that the size of primary particles and hydrophobicity were significant for the sol-derived anatase in terms of bilirubin adsorption, and both were controllable by the heating temperature and the time period. (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Gelatin-siloxane hybrid scaffolds with vascular endothelial growth factor induces brain tissue regeneration Reviewed

    Hanzhe Zhang, Tatsushi Kamiya, Takeshi Hayashi, Kanji Tsuru, Kentaro Deguchi, Violeta Lukic, Atsushi Tsuchiya, Toru Yamashita, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yoshio Ikeda, Akiyoshi Osaka, Koji Abe

    CURRENT NEUROVASCULAR RESEARCH   5 ( 2 )   112 - 117   2008.5

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    In the brain after infarction or trauma, the tissue becomes pannecrotic and forms a cavity. In such situation, a scaffold is necessary to produce new tissue. In this study, we implanted a new porous gelatin-siloxane hybrid derived from gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (gelatin-GPTMS) scaffolds into a brain defect, and investigated whether it makes a new brain tissue. In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) was added on gelatin-GPTMS scaffolds and its effect on tissue regeneration was examined. At 30 days after the implantation, the marginal territory of the scaffolds became occupied by newly formed tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the new tissue was constituted by endothelial, astroglial and microglial cells, some of which were labeled for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Addition of VEGF promoted numbers of these cells. Thus, combination of gelatin-GPTMS scaffolds and VEGF is preferable for brain regeneration.

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  • Revisiting silicate substituted hydroxyapatite by solid-state NMR Reviewed

    G. Gasqueres, C. Bonhomme, J. Maquet, F. Babonneau, S. Hayakawa, T. Kanaya, A. Osaka

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY   46 ( 4 )   342 - 346   2008.4

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    Silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (Si-HAp) has shown promising properties such as high-bone remodeling around implants. So far, the techniques used for the structural characterization of the Si-HAp have given indirect evidence of the presence of silicon inside the structure (by X-ray and neutron diffraction). In this paper, we focus on Si-HAp derivatives obtained by a precipitation method (widely described in the literature). We demonstrate here by solid-state NMR spectroscopy that only a fraction of the silicon atoms are incorporated into the HAp lattice in the form of Q(0) (SiO44-) species, for 4.6 wt% Si-HAp. A large amount of silicate units are located outside the HAp structure and correspond to silica-gel units. All results were established through Si-29 MAS, H-1 -&gt; Si-29 CP MAS and T1 rho(H-1) edited H-1 -&gt; Si-29 CP MAS experiments. This last pulse scheme acted as a powerful editing sequence, leading to unambiguous spectroscopic conclusions, concerning the location of the SiO44- moieties. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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  • Modification of Ti implant surface for cell proliferation and cell alignment Reviewed

    Jia Ming Zhao, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A   84A ( 4 )   988 - 993   2008.3

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    Surface properties of implants are the keys for ensuring their long-lasting anchorage to the tissue. This study aims to develop a novel implant surface microstructure with high biocompatibility and ability of guided tissue formation. By a photolithography method, gold (Au) grids (1 X 1 mm(2) square lattices, 10 pm in grid-line width) were deposited on titanium substrates. They were oxidized with H2O2 solution to yield titania (anatase) layer, and the Au grid formed channels due to larger molar volume of anatase than Ti. L-Cysteine and type I collagen were then immobilized on them to yield the target substrates, CHT-Au-cys-col. Apatite deposited within 3 days when they were soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid, regardless of the protein coating, but not on the bottom of the Au channel. Osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the CHT-Au-cys-col substrates, showing that (1) the cysteine-collagen coating promoted cell attachment and proliferation, and (2) the Au channels were filled with the cells which were aligned along the channel direction and were connected to the neighboring cells as well as attached to the channel wall with cytoplasmic extensions. The results thus ensured filopodial guidance for the substrates. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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  • Surface topography designed to provide osteoconductivity to titanium after thermal oxidation Reviewed

    Atsushi Sugino, Keita Uetsuki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Chikara Ohtsuki

    MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS   49 ( 3 )   428 - 434   2008.3

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    Hydroxyapatite formation on the surface of materials in the body is an essential condition for demonstrating osteoconduction after implantation in bony defects. This paper reports a technique for providing hydroxyapatite formation properties to titanium metals by using specially designed surface topography followed by thermal oxidation. Two pieces of titanium thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C were set together in a V-shape with varied mouth opening. They showed the formation of hydroxyapatite on both facing surfaces after exposure to a simulated body fluid (SBF), when the gap height was approximately less than 600 mu m. Moreover, pure titanium specimens with macro-grooves less than 1000 pm in depth and 800 mu m in width were able to form hydroxyapatite deposits in SBF within 604.8 ks, after they were thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C for 3.6 ks. Hydroxyapatite also formed on the internal surfaces of macro-grooves made in Ti-15-Zr-4Ta-4Nb within 604.8 ks of soaking in SBF, after the sample was thermally oxidized at 500 degrees C for 3.6 ks, whereas it was not deposited on alloy made of Ti-6Al-4V extra low interstitial processed in the same way. These findings indicate that titanium and its alloys can be conferred with hydroxyapatite-forming ability, i.e. osteoconduction, within a controlled spatial gap and thermal oxidation. We conclude that bioactive titanium substrate showing osteoconduction can be produced by using a specially designed surface topography followed by thermal oxidation at an appropriate temperature.

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  • Synthesis and cytocompatibility of porous chitosan-silicate hybrids for tissue engineering scaffold application Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Tomoyuki Okayama, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL   137 ( 1 )   122 - 128   2008.3

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    Chitosan-silicate hybrids with 3D porous structures were prepared with freeze-drying precursor solutions derived from chitosan and gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). They were formed easily in any shape, such as sheets, pellets, disks, granules, and even roll-cakes. The pore size was strongly dependent on the freezing temperature: lower freezing temperature resulted smaller pores, about 110 mu m for the hybrids frozen at -20 degrees C, and about 50 mu m for those at -85 degrees C. The pore size was little dependent on the GPTMS content. In contrast, the GPTMS content affected porosity a littlie: similar to 80% for chitosan, and similar to 90% for the GPTMS-containing hybrids. Thus, their porous microstructure was controllable due to the freezing temperature and composition. MG63 osteoblastic cells were cultured up to 7 days on the porous hybrids. The cells adhered on the pore walls, proliferated, and migrated deep into the pore structure. It was thus concluded that the present chitosan-silicate hybrids were promising for tissue engineering scaffold applications. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Low density lipoprotein adsorption on sol-gel derived alumina for blood purification therapy Reviewed

    Takuji Asano, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIO-MEDICAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING   18 ( 3 )   161 - 170   2008

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    Among the clinical treatments of Familial Hyper cholesterolemia patients to reduce the concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL), blood purification therapy is most suitable in which a blood-compatible adsorbent is employed. In the present study, alumina powders were prepared via a sol-gel route to develop a LDL-adsorbent Aluminum tri2-propoxide was hydrolyzed and subsequently calcined up to 1200 degrees C. Surface charge density and pore size distribution were measured, and the phases were identified. The alumina calcined above 400 degrees C had excellent blood compatibility in terms of endogenous clotting parameters, i.e., partial thromboplastin time: (PTT), prothrombin time: (PT), and the amount of fibrinogen: (Fib). The amount of LDL-adsorption (Delta W-LDL) increased with the calcining temperature, showing a good linear correlation to surface charge density. The 1200 degrees C sample consisted only of a-alumina, and was greatest in Delta W-LDL. All samples involved pores smaller than 20 nm but not the pores large enough to accommodate LDL molecules (20-25 nm). From those results, it was concluded for the present alumina particles that the surface charge density was the primary factor and that the chemical activity of a-alumina also contributed to the excellent LDL-adsorption for the 1200 degrees C sample, while entrapping LDL in the pores was not an active mechanism.

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  • Enhancement of in vitro apatite-forming ability of thermally oxidized titanium surfaces by ultraviolet irradiation Reviewed

    Tetsuya Shozui, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   116 ( 1352 )   530 - 535   2008

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    Ultraviolet (UV) light was irradiated in air for 1 h on titania (rutile) films prepared by thermal oxidation of titanium substrates from 300°C up to 800°C, coded as HT300UV, HT400UV, HT500UV, HT600UV, HT700UV, and HT800UV, respectively. All samples were then soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo solution) and their in vitro apatite-forming ability was evaluated. It was found that bone-like apatite particles were deposited on HT500UV, HT600UV, and HT700UV within 7 d whereas that was not the case with others during the same period. Moreover, the apatite particles were deposited more on HT500UV than on the others. Therefore, the ultraviolet light irradiation enhanced the in vitro apatite-forming ability of the thermally oxidized titanium. ©2008 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

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  • 空間デザインによるチタン系医用金属へのアパタイト形成能付与

    都留寛治, 杉野篤史, 早川 聡, 大槻主税, 尾坂明義

    PHOSPHORUS LETTER   61 ( 61 )   10 - 16   2008

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  • Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes brain tissue regeneration with a novel biomaterial polydimethylsiloxane-tetraethoxysilane Reviewed

    HanZhe Zhang, Takeshi Hayashi, Kanji Tsuru, Kentaro Deguchi, Mitsuyuki Nagahara, Satoshi Hayakawa, Makiko Nagai, Tatsushi Kamiya, Akiyoshi Osaka, Koji Abe

    Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism   Volume 1132 Issue 1 pp. 29-35.   2007.11

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    Background: Injury of the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals may cause irreparable damage due to the limited regeneration capacity of the tissue. In order for the CNS tissue to regenerate, to supply a scaffold for the newly produced cells to adhere is necessary. Application of biodegradable polymers such as collagen, gelatin, fibrin and alginates has been investigated for organ damage other than the CNS. In this context, we recently produced a novel biomaterial from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). We added the most potent angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and observed the difference in brain regenerative process in the PDMS-TEOS scaffold. Methods: Male Wistar rats of 12 weeks old were anesthetized and placed in a stereotaxic apparatus. A piece of bone over the right frontal cortex was excised, and 2 x 5 mm defect in the brain was made by cutting and aspiration. The defect was positioned from 1.0 mm anterior to 4.0 mm posterior of the bregma and 2.0 to 4.0 mm lateral to the midline. The depth of the lesion was 2.0 mm from the brain surface. The block of PDMS-TEOS scaffold, with or without VEGF, was placed into the lesion immediately after making the defect. The animals were sacrificed at 30 days after PDMS-TEOS scaffold implantation. For histological analysis of the newly formed tissue, the sections were stained with HE. In order to identify cell types in the newly formed tissue, we performed immunohistochemical analysis for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte marker, and N-acetylglucosamine oligomer (NAGO), an endothelial cells marker. In order to determine whether the cells in PDMS-TEOS scaffold were under mitosis, we carried out double fluorescent study for cell phenotype markers and Ki67. Result: The PDMS-TEOS scaffold remained at the implanted site for 30 days and kept the integrity of brain shape (Fig. A and B). HE staining showed that a small number of cells infiltrated into the PDMS-TEOS scaffold even without VEGF at 30 days after the implantation, but that addition of VEGF significantly increased the number of infiltrated cells NAGO staining showed only a few positive cells in the PDMS-TEOS scaffold without VEGF, but significant increase of endothelial cells with VEGF was confirmed. Immunohistochemical study for GFAP demonstrated that only a few astrocytes were found in the PDMS-TEOS scaffold without VEGF, which was again significantly increased with VEGF. Double staining with proliferation maker Ki67 demonstrated that VEGF significantly increased newly formed astrocytes and endotheial cells, indicating that addition of VEGF accelerated tissue restoration and angiogenesis. Conclusions: The present study showed that a new porous PDMS-TEOS is a good candidate biomaterial for brain tissue restoration. Endothelial as well as glial cells successfully infiltrated into this biomaterial. Addition of VEGF further promoted new tissue formation.

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  • Bilirubin adsorption using titanium oxide particles Reviewed

    T. Asano, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL ORGANS   30 ( 8 )   704 - 704   2007.8

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  • Anatase/rutile dual layer deposition due to hydrolysis of titanium oxysulfate with hydrogen peroxide solution at low temperature Reviewed

    Fan Xiao, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   42 ( 15 )   6339 - 6346   2007.8

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    Anatase/rutile dual layers were deposited on titanium and polyethylene substrates when they were soaked in TiOSO4/H2O2 solution and aged in hot water: The dense bottom layer predominantly consisted of rutile, while the upper layer consisted of loosely packed aggregation of anatase particles. The titania deposition was the results of compromise among three conflicting processes: (1) hydrolysis of TiOSO4 to yield either soluble titania-H2O2 complexes or titania, (2) dissolution of the titania layer under the presence of H2O2, and (3) corrosive reactions between titanium substrates and H2O2 to yield similar complexes or compounds. The dissolution-deposition equilibrium was found associated with pH of the sulfate solution and changed with soaking time. Thus, proper pH value and soaking time in the treating solution were the two key factors to control the formation of dense titania layers. The resulted titania layers were easily covered with fine apatite particles when soaked in a solution supersaturated with its component ions.

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  • Low-temperature deposition of rutile film on biomaterials substrates and its ability to induce apatite deposition in vitro Reviewed

    Jin-Ming Wu, Jin-Fang Liu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   18 ( 8 )   1529 - 1536   2007.8

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    Low-temperature deposition of crystalline titania films on intrinsically bioinert materials to induce the bioactivity is of practical interest, not only because it meets the demand of providing organic biomaterials with bioactivity, which cannot tolerate high-temperature thermal treatments, but also because it reserves abundant Ti-OH groups facilitating the apatite deposition. In this paper, rutile films with thickness varied from 0.1 mu m to 1.7 mu m were deposited on commercially available pure titanium substrates from 1.5 M titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution kept at 60 degrees C for 3-60 h. The rutile films grew to give a preferred (101) crystalline plane in the X-ray diffraction pattern. After soaking in a simulated body fluid of the Kokubo solution (SBF) for 2 days, the rutile films with thickness over 0.6 mu m were covered with a layer of apatite. All the films with various thickness induced apatite deposition in SBF after soaking for 5 days. The bioinert polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was also found to exhibit remarkable in vitro bioactivity as to induce apatite deposition from SBF within 2 days, after depositing the rutile film on the surface.

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  • Structural characterization and protein adsorption property of hydroxyapatite particles modified with zinc ions Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanae Ando, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Christian Bonhomme, Florence Babonneau

    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY   90 ( 2 )   565 - 569   2007.2

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    Zinc-containing hydroxyapatite particles (Zn/HAp) were prepared by an ion exchange reaction process involving hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles with aqueous solutions containing various amounts of zinc nitrate. The Zn2+ ion was partially substituted for the Ca2+ ion position in the HAp lattice, and hence, the obtained samples had changed little in crystallinity, particle size, and specific surface area. Adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG) in solutions containing both BSA and beta(2)-MG was examined. As the Zn2+ ion content in the apatites increased, the adsorbed amount of BSA was almost constant, whereas that of beta(2)-MG increased.

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  • Wet deposition of titania-apatite composite in cotton fibrils Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Jin-Fang Liu, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   40 ( 2-3 )   253 - 258   2006.12

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    Titania consisting of rutile and anatase was precipitated on and inside of cotton fibrils when cotton was soaked in an aqueous solution of 30 mM TiOSO4 and 30 mM H2O2 kept at 80 degrees C for 24 h. As the resultant titania-cotton fibrils were soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution), apatite was deposited on the fibrils to yield cotton-titania-apatite composites within 1 d. Thus, the present study provided a simple technique to prepare titania-apatite composites and coatings on organic materials at low temperature.

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  • Implantation of a new porous gelatin-siloxane hybrid into a brain lesion as a potential scaffold for tissue regeneration Reviewed

    Kentaro Deguchi, Kanji Tsuru, Takeshi Hayashi, Mikiro Takaishi, Mitsuyuki Nagahara, Shoko Nagotani, Yoshihide Sehara, Guang Jin, HanZhe Zhang, Satoshi Hayakawa, Mikio Shoji, Masahiro Miyazaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Nam-Ho Huh, Koji Abe

    JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM   26 ( 10 )   1263 - 1273   2006.10

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    For brain tissue regeneration, any scaffold for migrated or transplanted stem cells with supportive angiogenesis is important once necrotic brain tissue has formed a cavity after injury such as cerebral ischemia. In this study, a new porous gelatin-siloxane hybrid derived from the integration of gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane was implanted as a three-dimensional scaffold into a defect of the cerebral cortex. The porous hybrid implanted into the lesion remained at the same site for 60 days, kept integrity of the brain shape, and attached well to the surrounding brain tissues. Marginal cavities of the scaffolds were occupied by newly formed tissue in the brain, where newly produced vascular endothelial, astroglial, and microglial cells were found with bromodeoxyuridine double positivity, and the numbers of those cells were dose-dependently increased with the addition of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Extension of dendrites was also found from the surrounding cerebral cortex to the newly formed tissue, especially with the addition of bFGF and EGF. The present study showed that a new porous gelatinsiloxane hybrid had biocompatibility after implantation into a lesion of the central nervous system, and thus provided a potential scaffold for cell migration, angiogenesis and dendrite elongation with dose-dependent effects of additive bFGF and EGF.

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  • Synthesis and structural characterization of silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite with gas adsorption capability Reviewed

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanae Ando, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   114 ( 1333 )   769 - 773   2006.9

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    Silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite powder was prepared from a calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid together with a tetra-n-butyl orthosilicate as the silica source in order to apply it as a gas adsorbent. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns, all peaks were assigned to the hydroxyapatite. No secondary phases, such as calcium hydroxide and silicon oxides, were observed. Moreover, the transmission electron microscope observations indicated that the crystallite size hardly changed by increasing the silicon oxide content. However, the adsorption areas of nitrogen, water and benzene were remarkably dependent on the silicon oxide content. In this paper, in order to explain the change in the adsorption areas, the lattice structure of the silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite is discussed based on the results obtained by the Si-29 and P-31 magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR).

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  • Novel process of submicron-scale ceramic rod array formation on metallic substrate Reviewed

    Kazuya Okamoto, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Ceramic Transactions   195   133 - 138   2006.7

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    Nano-scale rods of titania and tungsten oxide were fabricated on metallic titanium and tungsten substrates by heat-treatment in vucuo. The surface structure and morphology were characterized by Thin-film X-ray diffraction analysis (TF-XRD) und scanning electron microscopy. The TF-XRD analysis indicated that the thermal treatment in vacuo (6.7 × 10-2 Pa) gave TiO2 (rutile; PDF#21-1276) and WO3 (PDF#20-1324) nano-scale rod arrays. The mechanism of the nano-scale rod array formation was explained by the structure matching due to topotaxy and the crystal growth habit.

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  • Apatite formation on rutile and anatase layers derived by hydrolysis of titanylsulfate in a simulated body fluid Reviewed

    JM Zhao, JF Liu, JM Wu, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   114 ( 1327 )   253 - 258   2006.3

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    Titania layers were deposited on titanium substrates in titanylsulfate solutions under varied concentration (0.01 and 0.03M), pH (0.67-1.27) and temperature (60 and 80 degrees C). They were rinsed and subsequently aged in water at 80 degrees C for 3d. The layers consisted of only rutile or rutile with trace anatase, depending on the conditions. The X-ray diffraction intensity indicates that the rutile particles grew preferably in (101) plane, regardless of being aged or not. When aged, the anatase diffraction intensity increased, and anatase newly grew in the layer consisting only of rutile. When soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo recipe, the rinsed layer with only rutile was weakly active to deposit apatite within 5 d, while the other two exhibited no deposition. The aging improved activity. Although anatase is reported in the literature to be more active than rutile, the present study indicates that the rutile layer is more active. Thus, it is concluded that topotaxy or epitaxy would not work well but other issues like the presence of Ti-OH affect apatite deposition.

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  • Selective protein adsorption property and characterization of nano-crystalline zinc-containing hydroxyapatite Reviewed

    E Fujii, M Ohkubo, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, K Kawabata, C Bonhomme, F Babonneau

    ACTA BIOMATERIALIA   2 ( 1 )   69 - 74   2006.1

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    Nano-crystalline Zn-containing hydroxyapatite (ZnHAp) was prepared by the wet-chemical method and the selective adsorption of essential proteins was examined, taking bovine serum albumin (BSA) and pathogenic protein such as β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) as model proteins. Transmission electron microscopy observation and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the increase of Zn content led to smaller crystallites and their specific surface area of ZnHAps increased with increasing Zn content, accordingly. Furthermore, the amounts of BSA adsorption on ZnHAp particles decreased with increasing Zn content in spite of the increase in the specific surface area. It is thus concluded that nano-crystalline ZnHAps had a highly selective adsorption property with regard to β2-MG. © 2005 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • In vivo performance of biodegradable calcium phosphate glass ceramics using the rabbit model: Histological and SEM observation Reviewed

    AG Dias, MA Lopes, JD Santos, A Afonso, K Tsuru, A Osaka, S Hayakawa, S Takashima, Y Kurabayashi

    JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS   20 ( 3 )   253 - 266   2006.1

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    Two MK5 (45CaO-45P(2)O(5)-5MgO-5K(2)O, in mol%) and MT13 (45CaO-37P(2)O(5)-5MgO-13TiO(2), in mol%) glasses are prepared in the meta- and pyrophosphate regions and crystallized to obtain MK5B and MT13B, respectively. MK5B was obtained by controlled crystallization, and MT13B by powder sintering. As a result of these heat treatment processes, the crystalline phases precipitated in the glassy matrix are KCa(PO3)(3), beta-Ca(PO3)(2), beta-Ca2P2O7 and Ca4P6O19 phases for MK5B and CaTi4(PO4)(6), TiP2O7, alpha- and beta-Ca2P2O7 phases for MT13B. To assess the in vivo biological behavior of these glass ceramics, a mixed granulometry in the range 250-355 mu m and 355-425 mu m with a ratio of 1/1 was implanted for 2, 4, and 12 weeks in the tibiae of Japanese white rabbits. The results showed that the in vivo behavior was strongly affected by their solubility. All implanted materials, MK5B and MT13B, and beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) as control material, showed signs of degradation in vivo. However, the levels of degradation were quite different throughout the implantation periods. The highest degradation was observed for MK5B glass ceramic and the lowest for MT13B with beta-TCP in-between. All implanted materials allow for new bone formation in the bone defect area. At the longest implantation period (12 weeks), the MT13B and beta-TCP materials were almost completely surrounded by new bone tissue, whereas MK5B showed some unfilled spaces. This behavior is discussed in terms of the high degradation observed in previous studies.

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  • Cytocompatibility of silicone elastomer grafted with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane Reviewed

    Y Shirosaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   114 ( 1325 )   72 - 76   2006.1

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    gamma-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (gamma-MPS) was grafted on a silicone elastomer by emulsion polymerization in order to improve cytocompatibility. The wettability of the grafted surface was evaluated with a contact angle toward distilled water. By grafting within 30 min at 60 degrees C, the contact angle was reduced from 110 degrees to about 70 degrees while it remained almost constant for longer grafting. A larger number of osteoblastic cells (MCM-E1) and fibroblast cells (L929) proliferated on the surface modified with gamma-MPS compared with the original silicone surface. After culturing for 7 d, the cells completely covered the grafted surface and even formed a cell layer.

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  • Apatite formation on rutile and anatase layers derived by hydrolysis of titanylsulfate in a simulated body fluid Reviewed

    Jia-Ming Zhao, Jin-Fang Liu, W. U. Jin-Ming, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   114 ( 1327 )   253 - 258   2006

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    Titania layers were deposited on titanium substrates in titanylsulfate solutions under varied concentration (0.01 and 0.03M), pH (0.67-1.27) and temperature (60 and 80°C). They were rinsed and subsequently aged in water at 80°C for 3d. The layers consisted of only rutile or rutile with trace anatase, depending on the conditions. The X-ray diffraction intensity indicates that the rutile particles grew preferably in (101) plane, regardless of being aged or not. When aged, the anatase diffraction intensity increased, and anatase newly grew in the layer consisting only of rutile. When soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo recipe, the rinsed layer with only rutile was weakly active to deposit apatite within 5 d, while the other two exhibited no deposition. The aging improved activity. Although anatase is reported in the literature to be more active than rutile, the present study indicates that the rutile layer is more active. Thus, it is concluded that topotaxy or epitaxy would not work well but other issues like the presence of Ti-OH affect apatite deposition.

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  • Chemical interaction of phosphoric acid ester with hydroxyapatite Reviewed

    D. Fukegawa, S. Hayakawa, Y. Yoshida, K. Suzuki, A. Osaka, B. Van Meerbeek

    Journal of Dental Research   85 ( 10 )   941 - 944   2006

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    Among functional monomers used in contemporary dental adhesives, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) has been found to interact chemically with hydroxyapatite (HAp) most intensively and stably. This effect was thought to be the basis of the superior bonding effectiveness of MDP-based self-etch adhesives to enamel/dentin. To elucidate fully the chemical interaction and reactivity of MDP with HAp, we used 31P CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy and powder x-ray diffraction. In an aqueous ethanol solution, Ca ions were leached from HAp to form, at short term, a MDP-calcium salt (CaMHP2) layered structure on the HAp surface. When MDP was allowed to interact for longer time (&lt
    24 hrs), CaHPO4·2H 2O precipitated on top of this MDP-calcium salt layered structure. In conclusion, the intense chemical interaction of MDP with HAp must be ascribed to superficial dissolution of HAp induced by the MDP adsorption and subsequent deposition of MDP-calcium salt with a solubility lower than that of CaHPO 4·2H2O.

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  • Synthesis and structural characterization of silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite with gas adsorption capability Reviewed

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanae Ando, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   114 ( 1333 )   769 - 773   2006

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    Silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite powder was prepared from a calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid together with a tetra-n-butyl orthosilicate as the silica source in order to apply it as a gas adsorbent. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns, all peaks were assigned to the hydroxyapatite. No secondary phases, such as calcium hydroxide and silicon oxides, were observed. Moreover, the transmission electron microscope observations indicated that the crystallite size hardly changed by increasing the silicon oxide content. However, the adsorption areas of nitrogen, water and benzene were remarkably dependent on the silicon oxide content. In this paper, in order to explain the change in the adsorption areas, the lattice structure of the silica-hybridized hydroxyapatite is discussed based on the results obtained by the 29Si and 31P magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR).

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  • Cytocompatibility of silicone elastomer grafted with γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane Reviewed

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Seisuke Takashima

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   114 ( 1325 )   72 - 76   2006

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    γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) was grafted on a silicone elastomer by emulsion polymerization in order to improve cytocompatibility. The wettability of the grafted surface was evaluated with a contact angle toward distilled water. By grafting within 30 min at 60°C, the contact angle was reduced from 110° to about 70° while it remained almost constant for longer grafting. A larger number of osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) and fibroblast cells (1929) proliferated on the surface modified with γ-MPS compared with the original silicone surface. After culturing for 7 d, the cells completely covered the grafted surface and even formed a cell layer.

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  • In vitro apatite formation on organic polymers modified with a silane coupling reagent Reviewed

    Y Shirosaki, M Kubo, S Takashima, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE   2 ( 4 )   335 - 340   2005.9

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    gamma-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (gamma-MPS) was grafted to high-density polyethylene, polyamide and silicone rubber substrates by the emulsion polymerization procedure in order to provide these organic polymers with in vitro apatite-forming ability. The contact angles towards distilled water of the gamma-MPS-grafted specimens were lower than those of the original organic polymer specimens, indicating that the grafted substrates were more hydrophilic. The in vitro apatite formation in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution) was confirmed for several of the gamma-MPS-grafted specimens.

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  • Large-scale preparation of ordered titania nanorods with enhanced photocatalytic activity Reviewed

    JM Wu, TW Zhang, YW Zeng, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    LANGMUIR   21 ( 15 )   6995 - 7002   2005.7

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    A titania layer with ordered nanostructures is expected to be of high photocatalytic activity due mainly to its high specific surface area. In the present work, large-area films with ordered titania nanorods were deposited on titanium substrates through a solution approach, The nanorods, with the phase composition of a mixture of anatase and rutile, grew on top of a condensed anatase interlayer along mainly the rutile [001]-axis. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by decomposing rhodamine B in water and compared with the general sol-gel derived titania films and a commercial DP-25 titania coating. It is found that the as-deposited titania nanorods exhibited extremely high initial photocatalytic activity but declined to a poor value after the consumption of beneficial oxidative peroxo complexes coordinated to Ti(IV). A subsequent thermal treatment eliminated such complexes but at the same time improved the crystallinity of the titania nanorods. The photocatalytic activity of the thermally treated titania nanorods was stable and significantly higher than that of the sol-gel derived film and commercial DP-25 coating.

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  • An organic-inorganic hybrid scaffold for the culture of HepG2 cells in a bioreactor Reviewed

    K Kataoka, Y Nagao, T Nukui, Akiyama, I, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, N Huh

    BIOMATERIALS   26 ( 15 )   2509 - 2516   2005.5

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    Much interest has recently been shown in the potential utility of bioartificial liver (BAL) as a bridge support for patients and as a module for experimental purposes. A radial-flow bioreactor (RFB), one of the perfused bed/scaffold-type bioreactors, enables a highly functional three-dimensional culture as BAL. The functional capacity of bioreactors depends not only on their mechanistic structures but also on scaffolds packed in them. In the present study, we examined the possible utility of a new porous organic-inorganic-hybrid scaffold in an RFB. The scaffold was made from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by a sol-gel method using sieved sucrose particles as a porogen. In the porous TEOS-PDMS hybrid scaffold, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) proliferated actively and formed cell clusters more efficiently than they did in a polyvinyl-alcohol scaffold. When cultivated in PDMS-TEOS, HepG2 cells secreted a similar tothree-fold greater amount of albumin than that secreted in a monolayer culture. For potential application of BAL to pharmacological studies and future clinical use, it is essential to develop a method to propagate liver cells that maintain highly specific functions. The present results indicate that PDMS-TEOS may be a promising scaffold for developing such functional culture methods. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Preparation of aluminum oxide-hybridized hydroxyapatite powder by the sol-gel method Reviewed

    E Fuji, K Kawabata, H Yoshimatsu, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   113 ( 1315 )   241 - 244   2005.3

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    Hydroxyapatite powders (HAp; Ca-10(PO4)(6)(OH)(2)) hybridized with 0-5 mass% Al2O3 were prepared from calcium hydroxide and di-ammonium hydrogenphosphate by a wet chemical synthesis. Ethylacetoacetate Aluminum Diisopropoxide (Al(OC3H7)(2) (C6H9O3)) was used as a source for aluminum oxide. The obtained powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area measurement, and magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR). The X-ray diffraction patterns showed no Al2O3-peaks irrespective of Al2O3 content, suggesting that the Al2O3-hybridized HAp powders were single phase. The Al2O3-hybridized HAp powder had larger specific surface area. According to MAS-NMR analysis, it was considered that the aluminum element existed as aluminum oxide, it was not substituted for the Ca2+, PO43-, or OH- ions.

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  • In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membranes Reviewed

    Y Shirosaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, MA Lopes, JD Santos, MH Fernandes

    BIOMATERIALS   26 ( 5 )   485 - 493   2005.2

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    Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent for cross-linking the chitosan chains. CaCl2 was introduced in the hybrids in expectation that it would improve cell adhesion and differentiation of the hybrid surfaces. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Si-29 CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. Cytocompatibility of the hybrids was investigated in terms of proliferation of an osteoblastic cell line, MG63. The adhesion and proliferation of the osteoblastic cells cultured on the Surface of a chitosan-GPSM hybrid without calcium were similar to those on a control Culture plate, and were better than those on a chitosan membrane. The ALP activity of the cells cultured on this hybrid was higher than that on the chitosan membrane. Contrary to expectations, the incorporation of calcium ions into the hybrids did not improve cell attachment and proliferation on their surfaces. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Formation of Titania submicron-scale rod arrays on titanium substrate and in vitro biocompatibility Reviewed

    S Hayakawa, YX Liu, K Okamoto, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    Nanoscale Materials Science in Biology and Medicine   845   149 - 154   2005

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    Titania submicron-scale rod arrays were fabricated on metallic titanium (alpha-Ti) surfaces by coating a layer of sodium tetraborale on titanium substrates and subsequent thermal treatment. Thin-film X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the sodium terraborate gave rutile (TiO2: PDF# 21-1276) submicron-scale rod arrays. The rods in the arrays are parallel to each other in the grain of metallic titanium surface. The titania submicron-scale rod arrays deposited apatite within 7 days after being soaked in a simulated body fluid, indicating that the rod arrays exhibit in vitro bioactivity.

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  • Preparation of aluminum oxide-hybridized hydroxyapatite powder by the sol-gel method Reviewed

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Hideyuki Yoshimatsu, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   113 ( 1315 )   241 - 244   2005

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    Hydroxyapatite powders (HAp
    Ca10(PO4) 6(OH)2) hybridized with 0-5 mass % Al2O 3 were prepared from calcium hydroxide and di-aminonium hydrogenphosphate by a wet chemical synthesis. Ethylacetoacetate Aluminum Diisopropoxide (Al(OC3H7)2(C6H 9O3)) was used as a source for aluminum oxide. The obtained powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area measurement, and magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR). The X-ray diffraction patterns showed no Al2O3-peaks irrespective of Al2O3 content, suggesting that the Al2O 3-hybridized HAp powders were single phase. The Al2O 3-hybridized HAp powder had larger specific surface area. According to MAS-NMR analysis, it was considered that the aluminum element existed as aluminum oxide, it was not substituted for the Ca2+, PO 4 3-, or OH- ions.

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  • Mechanism of Apatite Formation on a Sodium Silicate Glass in a Simulated Body Fluid Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Chikara Ohtsuki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the American Ceramic Society   82 ( 8 )   2155 - 2160   2004.12

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  • Potassium titanate nanorod arrays grown on titanium substrates and their in vitro bioactivity Reviewed

    YX Liu, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   112 ( 1312 )   634 - 640   2004.12

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    A novel approach to fabricating highly-oriented, nm-scale potassium titanate K2Ti6O13 rod arrays on titanium substrates was demonstrated. The fabrication process was template-free, and simply involved coating the titanium substrates with pulverized potassium metaborate and its derivatives, and subsequent heating at 700degreesC for 5 h. When the samples were soaked in hot water, the coating layers were readily removed, leaving an array of titanate crystallites on the titanium substrates. Even the slightest change in the composition of the potassium borates resulted in various microstructures, while K2O (.) 1.03B(2)O(3) yielded highly-oriented nanorod arrays of K2Ti6O13. Bioactivity of the as-achieved nanorod arrays was proved by the deposition of apatite in simulated body fluid (SBF: Kokubo solution). When soaked in SBF, the K2Ti6O13 nanorod arrays deposited apatite within one day accompanying the release of potassium ions from the crystallites into SBF and the arrays were covered with apatite layers in three days. Ion exchange between the potassium ions in the crystal and calcium ions in SBF is proposed as the mechanism operative to favor the deposition of apatite.

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  • Preparation of organotitanium molecular layers for biomedical applications Reviewed

    T Yoshioka, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS   24 ( 6-8 )   901 - 905   2004.12

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    We prepared an organotitanium molecular layer on stainless-steel (SUS316L) substrates, and evaluated its blood compatibility in terms of blood-clotting time and fibrinogen adsorption properties. Titanium methacrylate triisopropoxide (TMT) was used as the organotitanium molecule. The surface was characterized by contact angle measurement toward distilled water and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using a reflection absorption method (FT-IRRAS). The obtained organotitanium molecular layer had little effects on the blood-clotting times such as active partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and prothrombin time (PT). Bovine fibrinogen adsorption on the layer was examined from the absorbance of amide I peak in FT-IRRAS spectra. The organotitanium molecular layer reduced the amount of adsorbed fibrinogen compared with stainless-steel. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Synthesis of bioactive and porous organic-inorganic hybrids for biomedical applications Reviewed

    Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology   32 ( 1-3 )   201 - 205   2004.12

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    Bioactivity has been exhibited by a limited range of ceramics since the invention of Bioglass®. Recently, some bioactive polymeric organic-inorganic hybrids were introduced, including not only organically modified silicates (Ormosils) synthesized from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and tetraethoxysilane but also those with gelatin and 3-glycidoxypropyl-tremethoxysilane. Preparation of the bulk and porous hybrids and their polymeric structures analyzed by Si NMR spectroscopy were presented. In vitro bioactivity or apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe were also described for those hybrids. Freeze-drying techniques introduced porosity (up to 90%) and pores extending in a preferred direction. © 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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  • Topotaxial nucleation and growth of TiO2 submicron-scale rod arrays on titanium substrates via sodium tetraborate glass coating Reviewed

    YX Liu, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   112 ( 1310 )   567 - 571   2004.10

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    A novel approach to fabricate sub-pm scale arrays is demonstrated with the growth of rutile TiO2 on titanium substrates. The fabrication process is template-free, simply involving coating of the titanium substrate with sodium tetraborate glass, Na2O (.) 2B(2)O(3): when the glass coating was removed by dissolution in distilled water at 80degreesC for about 5 h, random or well-ordered submicron-scale rod arrays of rutile were left on the substrate. A glass phase topotaxial (GPT) nucleation and growth mechanism is thought to operate in the crystal growth process.

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  • In vitro bioactive nano-crystalline TiO2 layers grown at glass-coating/titanium interface Reviewed

    YX Liu, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   112 ( 1308 )   452 - 457   2004.8

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    A new approach is presented to prepare a rutile layer on titanium substrates. According to this approach, pulverized glass, composed of 3CaO - 4B(2)O(3) - 3TiO(2), is first developed on the substrate, heated up to 700 to 850degreesC, and then removed by soaking in hot water. During the heating process, rutile grew at the glass coating-substrate interface to form nano-sized crystallites. The rutile layer induced apatite formation within 3 d when soaked in simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe. Such in vitro bioactivity was attributed to many Ti-OH groups on the crystallite surface derived from hydrolysis of bonds at the crysiallite-flux (matrix) interface like (rutile) -Ti-O-B or Ti-O-Ca- (the borate matrix).

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  • Synthesis of blood compatible PDMS-based organic-inorganic hybrid coatings Reviewed

    T Yabuta, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   31 ( 1-3 )   273 - 276   2004.8

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    PDMS- TiO2 hybrid coating sols were prepared from silanol- terminated polydimethylsiloxane and titanium tetraisopropoxide through sol- gel process. The coating sols were developed on stainless steel substrate with dip- coating technique. The surface structure of the hybrid coating was characterized by Fourier transform infrared ( FT- IR) analysis, contact angle, and surface free energy on the hybrid coating. Blood compatibility was also evaluated in terms of blood clotting time and platelet adhesion. The hybrid coatings have high contact angles and low surface free energies compared to coating- free metal surface. The blood clotting properties were not affected by the hybrid coatings but the platelet adhesion was depressed to less than 1/ 20 as much as that for the coating- free substrate.

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  • Platelet adhesion on titanium oxide gels: effect of surface oxidation Reviewed

    S Takemoto, T Yamamoto, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    BIOMATERIALS   25 ( 17 )   3485 - 3492   2004.8

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    The correlations between titanium oxide layers on oxidized titanium (Ti) substrates and platelet adhesion were examined. Ti substrates were prepared by three different oxidation methods: the first one was treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution, the second one was heated in air at moderate temperatures, and the third one was processed with both H2O2 and heating. The titanium oxide layers formed on the Ti substrates were characterized by wettability, chemical composition, thickness, and crystal phase. The platelet adhesion on these oxide layers was examined and correlated to the characterizations of the surface layers. The number of adhesive platelets seemingly correlated with the contact angle towards distilled water, because the number increased close to 70-80degrees of the contact angle. The effect of surface oxidation on platelet adhesion was examined in detail and it was found that the composition and thickness of the oxide layer influenced platelet adhesion rather than wettability. Thick titanium oxide layers formed on Ti substrates by heating displayed less platelet adhesion than thin oxide layers on untreated Ti substrates. The largest number of adhesive platelets was found on H2O2-oxidized substrates; the substrates found on amorphous titanium oxide contained the Ti-peroxide radical species. The number of platelets, on the other hand, could hardly be observed on Ti substrates treated with H2O2 and subsequently heated above 300 degreesC. The titanium oxide layer on the substrate was thick and we found it to consist of only a few radical species. That is, the effect of heat treatment accelerates the growth of the oxide layer, and decomposes or decreases the number of radical species. Ti substrates with H2O2 and heat treatment above 300 degreesC held the least number of platelets, and were concluded to be the most inhibitory for platelet adhesion. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Selective protein adsorption and blood compatibility of hydroxy-carbonate apatites Reviewed

    S Takemoto, Y Kusudo, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A   69A ( 3 )   544 - 551   2004.6

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    We examined the blood compatibility and protein adsorption on hydroxyapatite and hydroxy-carbonate apatite. Those apatites were synthesized under a 0, 5, or 15% CO2-containing N-2 atmosphere by a wet-chemical method with a strong ammonia alkali solution of calcium nitrate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (5:3 in molar ratio) and subsequent calcination in the range of 105-700degreesC. From infrared (IR) analysis, the carbonate ions substituted both phosphate ions and hydroxyl ions in the hydroxyapatite lattice; the intensities of IR bands assignable to phosphate ions and hydroxyl ions were reduced on calcinations. The specific surface areas of synthesized apatites decreased with increasing calcination temperature. Blood-clotting properties were evaluated in terms of active partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and the amount of fibrinogen for the plasma in contact with the apatites, indicating that all the apatites barely influenced the blood clotting system. The apatites were in contact with a solution containing both bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG), and the amounts of those proteins adsorbed on them were examined: the amount of absorbed BSA and beta(2)-MG gradually increased with the calcination temperature below 500degreesC, while it showed a sudden increase when more than 600degreesC. Hydroxy-carbonate apatite synthesized under a 15%, CO2-containing N-2 atmosphere and calcined below 400degreesC had the greatest selectivity in adsorbing beta(2)-MG. Thus, a higher selectivity for beta(2)-MG adsorption was empirically correlated to carbonate ions incorporated in the hydroxyapatite lattice. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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  • Crystallisation studies of biodegradable CaO-P2O5 glass with MgO and TiO2 for bone regeneration applications Reviewed

    AG Dias, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, MA Lopes, JD Santos, A Osaka

    GLASS TECHNOLOGY   45 ( 2 )   78 - 79   2004.4

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    CaO-P2O5 glass ceramics with small additions of MgO and TiO2 were prepared in the ortho and pyrophosphate regions by powder sintering and crystallisation through heat treatment at different temperatures determined from, differential thermal analysis (DTA). The glass ceramics were analysed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and it was observed that alpha- and beta-Ca2P2O7 were the first phases to precipitate in the parent glass matrix at a temperature of 681degreesC, followed by CaTi4(PO4)(6) and TiP2O7 at temperatures between 703 and 725degreesC The beta-Ca2P2O7 and CaTi4(PO4)(6) phases are usually considered as biocompatible and bioactive and, therefore, these glass ceramics seem to show good potential for bone regeneration applications.

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  • Topotaxial nucleation and growth of TiO2 submicron-scale rod arrays on titanium substrates via sodium tetraborate glass coating Reviewed

    Yongxing Liu, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   112 ( 1310 )   567 - 571   2004

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    A novel approach to fabricate sub-μm scale arrays is demonstrated with the growth of rutile TiO2 on titanium substrates. The fabrication process is template-free, simply involving coating of the titanium substrate with sodium tetraborate glass, Na2O · 2B2O 3: when the glass coating was removed by dissolution in distilled water at 80°C for about 5 h, random or well-ordered submicron-scale rod arrays of rutile were left on the substrate. A glass phase topotaxial (GPT) nucleation and growth mechanism is thought to operate in the crystal growth process.

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  • In vitro bioactive nano-crystalline TiO2 layers grown at glass-coating/titanium interface Reviewed

    Yongxing Liu, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   112 ( 1308 )   452 - 457   2004

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    A new approach is presented to prepare a rutile layer on titanium substrates. According to this approach, pulverized glass, composed of 3CaO·4B2O3·3TiO2, is first developed on the substrate, heated up to 700 to 850°C, and then removed by soaking in hot water. During the heating process, rutile grew at the glass coating-substrate interface to form nano-sized crystallites. The rutile layer induced apatite formation within 3 d when soaked in simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe. Such in vitro bioactivity was attributed to many Ti-OH groups on the crystallite surface derived from hydrolysis of bonds at the crystallite-flux (matrix) interface like (rutile) -Ti-O-B or Ti-O-Ca-(the borate matrix).

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  • In vitro Platelet Adhesion and Protein Adsorption of Biomedical Implant Modified with Polysaccharide Reviewed

    Tomohiko Yoshioka, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan   2004

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  • TITANIA DERIVED FROM COMBINED CHEMICAL AND THERMAL TREATMENTS OF TITANIUM: IN VITRO APATITE FORMING ABILITY Reviewed

    Akiyoshi Osaka, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa

    Phosphorus Research Bulletin   2004

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  • Low-temperature preparation of anatase and rutile layers on titanium substrates and their ability to induce in vitro apatite deposition Reviewed

    Jin-Ming Wu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the American Ceramic Society   87 ( 9 )   1635 - 1642   2004

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    Surface modification of titanium and its alloys to induce apatite deposition within a short period is of practical importance in clinical applications. In this study, titanium substrates were treated with hydrogen peroxide solutions at low temperatures to yield titania layers consisting of anatase and rutile. Those titania layers, regardless of the fraction of anatase and rutile, were bioactive to induce deposition of apatite in Kokubo's simulated body fluid within 24 h. The bioactivity was attributed to both the epitaxial effect and the abundant Ti-OH group of the titania layer.

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  • Potassium titanate nanorod arrays grown on titanium substrates and their in vitro bioactivity Reviewed

    Yongxing Liu, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   112 ( 1312 )   634 - 640   2004

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    A novel approach to fabricating highly-oriented, nm-scale potassium titanate K2Ti6O13 rod arrays on titanium substrates was demonstrated. The fabrication process was template-free, and simply involved coating the titanium substrates with pulverized potassium metaborate and its derivatives, and subsequent heating at 700°C for 5 h. When the samples were soaked in hot water, the coating layers were readily removed, leaving an array of titanate crystallites on the titanium substrates. Even the slightest change in the composition of the potassium borates resulted in various microstructures, while K2O·1.03B2O 3 yielded highly-oriented nanorod arrays of K2Ti 6O13. Bioactivity of the as-achieved nanorod arrays was proved by the deposition of apatite in simulated body fluid (SBF: Kokubo solution). When soaked in SBF, the K2Ti6O13 nanorod arrays deposited apatite within one day accompanying the release of potassium ions from the crystallites into SBF and the arrays were covered with apatite layers in three days. Ion exchange between the potassium ions in the crystal and calcium ions in SBF is proposed as the mechanism operative to favor the deposition of apatite.

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  • Bioactivity of metallic biomaterials with anatase layers deposited in acidic titanium tetrafluoride solution Reviewed

    JM Wu, F Xiao, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, S Takemoto, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   14 ( 12 )   1027 - 1032   2003.12

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    A simple and versatile treatment was developed to provide various metallic biomaterials such as Ti, NiTi, Ta and SUS 316L stainless steel with in vitro bioactivity or ability to deposit carbonate-incorporated apatite in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution). A well-crystallized anatase layer deposited on the metallic biomaterials surfaces after soaking them at 60degreesC for 24 h in an aqueous solution of titanium tetrafluoride (40 mM) whose pH was adjusted to 1.9 with HCl;. The as-coated anatase layers did not deposit apatite. When heated at 300degreesC they were so bioactive as to deposit apatite within 5 day(s) in the Kokubo solution. The trace amount of fluorine weakly bound in the as-coated anatase layers was suggested to be one of the factors that suppressed the bioactivity. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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  • Apatite deposition on thermally and anodically oxidized titanium surfaces in a simulated body fluid Reviewed

    XX Wang, W Yan, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOMATERIALS   24 ( 25 )   4631 - 4637   2003.11

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    By application of a special specimen set-LIP, thermally oxidized titanium specimen pairs were found able to deposit apatite oil the contact surfaces after soaking for 7 days in the simulated body fluid (SBF) of Kokubo's recipe. The specimens oxidized at 400degreesC and 500degreesC showed the highest ability of apatite deposition. Both increase and decrease in oxidation temperature front this range caused the apatite deposition ability to decrease. The specimen without treatment failed to deposit any apatite. Specimens anodically oxidized in electrolytes of H3PO4, H2SO4 and acetic acid exhibited very low ability of apatite deposition. Furthermore, the specimen thermally oxidized at 400degreesC was even able to help the surfaces of PTFE and silicone deposit apatite in the PTFE-Ti and silicone-Ti pairs. This in vitro experimental results indicated that the difference in apatite deposition among various titanium oxides does exist and can be distinguished by applying the present specimen set-up. The mechanism of the apatite deposition on the contact surfaces was discussed in relation to the passive dissolution of titanium in SBF. The release of titanium hydroxide and OH- ions from the titanium surfaces and their accumulation inside the confined space between the two contact surfaces were suggested to be responsible for the apatite deposition. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Structure and biomineralization of calcium silicate glasses containing fluoride ions Reviewed

    E Fuji, K Kawabata, H Yoshimatsu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   111 ( 10 )   762 - 766   2003.10

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    The in vitro bioactivity, in terms of apatite-forming ability, of calcium silicate glasses containing 10 mol% fluoride ions in the NaF-CaO-SiO2 system was examined by soaking in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) at 36.5degreesC for 7 d. The surface structure of the glasses was examined by thin-film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD) and Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR) in order to confirm the apatite deposition. The structure of the calcium silicate glasses was examined by Si-29 magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Three calcium silicate glasses containing 10 mol% fluoride ions had different apatite-forming abilities. In the case of CaO/SiO2 = 1, the apatite-forming ability of 10NaF . 45CaO . 45SiO(2) was lower than that of 50CaO . 50SiO(2). This indicated that the addition of fluoride ions suppressed the apatite-forming ability, irrespective of the structural similarity of the silicate network based on the ratio of CaO/SiO2 between the glasses.

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  • Sol-gel preparation of blood-compatible titania as an adsorbent of bilirubin Reviewed

    T Asano, S Takemoto, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   111 ( 9 )   645 - 650   2003.9

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    This study concerns with the adsorption of pathogenic substances on highly blood-compatible titania and the adsorption mechanism. Titania was prepared through a sol-gel procedure by hydrolyzing tetraethylorthotitanate and calcining up to 705degreesC for 3 h. Pore size distribution and surface charge density were measured as a function of calcining temperature. Adsorption of bilirubin, as a typical pathogenic substance, as well as albumin on the titania powder was studied. Bilirubin was adsorbed either in 4 to 8-nm pores or on the surface with a higher positive charge. Thus, either entrapping bilirubin in the pores or electrostatic interaction between bilirubin and titania surface was effective for the adsorption of bilirubin. The titania powder adsorbed a greater amount of bilirubin than the anion-exchange resin used in clinics, hence they have potential for blood purification therapy.

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  • In vitro apatite deposition on titania film derived from chemical treatment of Ti substrates with an oxysulfate solution containing hydrogen peroxide at low temperature Reviewed

    F Xiao, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    THIN SOLID FILMS   441 ( 1-2 )   271 - 276   2003.9

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    Thin titania film consisting of anatase and rutile was deposited on Ti substrates when soaked in a TiOSO4/H2O2 solution and aged in hot water. H2O2 corroded the Ti substrates, yielded a porous surface, and kept the solution from peptization. Thicker titania layers were formed in favor of both a greater supersaturation of Ti(IV) in the solution and a higher concentration of hydrated Ti(IV) derived by the corrosion of Ti and the hydrolysis of TiOSO4. The effects of aging in hot water were accounted for as they caused structural relaxation of the surface layer involving a rearrangement of Ti-OH and eliminating residual species like peroxide ions. Those titania layers were thus favored to deposit apatite when the Ti substrates were placed under a body environment, i.e. soaked in a simulated body fluid of Kokubo's recipe. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Preparation of alginic acid layers on stainless-steel substrates for biomedical applications Reviewed

    T Yoshioka, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOMATERIALS   24 ( 17 )   2889 - 2894   2003.8

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    This study is concerned with the blood compatibility of alginic acid layers immobilized on gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (gamma-APS)-grafted stainless-steel (SUS316L). The surfaces were characterized with contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The blood compatibility was evaluated in terms of platelet adhesion and blood clotting time. Ail in vitro platelet adhesion assay indicated that only a small number of platelets adhered to substrate surfaces modified with gamma-APS and subsequently with alginic acid. Moreover, alginic-acid-immobilized SUS316L substrates had little effect on the blood clotting time. This indicated that alginic-acid-immobilized SUS316L substrates do not adsorb some blood-clotting proteins or factors, or stimulate them. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Bioceramic coatings of titanium surfaces Reviewed

    Jinming Wu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Kuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao/ Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society   31   692 - 697   2003.7

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    The bioactive fixation between bone substitutes and their surrounding tissues is mostly studied in the nearest decade. The key of bioactive fixation is the high bioactivity of the biomaterials. To coat the titanium surface with a layer of bioceramics through physical deposition, sol-gel, electrochemical deposition, biomimetic process, etc. can promote the bioactivity of titanium effectively. Another approach to obtain a bioactive titanium surface is the chemical modification of titanium with sodium hydroxygen or hydrogen peroxide solution to induce titanium dioxide films on the surface. The titanium dioxide films derived by the surface modification should be abundant in Ti-OH functional groups, and also, in crystalline structure, which may effectively induce the epitaxial growth of hydroxylapatite nuclei. This paper provides a brief review of various techniques and their corresponding mechanisms for obtaining a titanium surface with bioactivity.

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  • Bioactivity of viscoelastic Ormosil-type organic-inorganic hybrids containing colloidal silica particles Reviewed

    Y Aburatani, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   111 ( 5 )   318 - 322   2003.5

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    Synthesized were organically modified silicate (ORMOSILs) hybrids containing colloidal silica as an ingredient, starting from poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and calcium nitrate through sol-gel processing. The effects of pre-hydrolysis of TEOS on mechanical strength and viscoelasticity were examined. A sample of composition PDMS/TEOS = 0.60 (molar ratio) with pre-hydrolysis of TEOS showed about 65% maximum failure strain. Thus obtained hybrid exhibited a peak at around -75degreesC in the storage modulus-temperature curve of the hybrid, due to transverse movements of the PDMS chains. This hybrid, heated at 200degreesC deposited apatite within 1 d in the simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe.

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  • Mechanical property and microstructure of bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids containing colloidal silica particles Reviewed

    Y Aburatani, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   111 ( 4 )   247 - 251   2003.4

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    Synthesized through sol-gel processing were Ormosil type hybrid gels containing varied mass fractions of colloidal silica, poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and calcium nitrate. Viscoelasticity, mechanical strength and Si-29 MAS NMR spectra were measured, and in vitro apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo recipe was examined. The relative height of a T-g peak at about -100degreesC in tan delta versus temperature curves grew with the colloidal silica content. This peak growth was accounted for the relative increase in PDMS-colloidal silica interactions. As the increase in the compressive strength followed the increase in colloidal silica content, the number of PDMS-silica bonds and hydrogen bond of colloidal silica increased due to the NMR spectra and tan delta curve. Thus, mechanical strength was dependent on PDMS-silica bonds and the hydrogen bond of colloidal silica. On the other hand, as the relative PDMS content increased, the number of PDMS-silica bonds was little influenced while PDMS chain structure increased. The gel (with a molar ratio TEOS: PDMS:H2O:HCl: Ca(NO3)(2).4H(2)O = 1:0.48:5.0:0.9:0.10) containing 14 mass% colloidal silica (CS14P0.48Ca0.10) exhibited the highest maximum failure strain (about 70%) among all samples. Thus, the relative content of PDMS chain structure depending on PDMS content influenced the maximum failure strain. CS14P0.48Ca0.25 could not deposit apatite within 7 d after soaking in SBF, while PDMS/TEOS = 0.24 (molar ratio) could deposit apatite within 3 d. The increase in PDMS content restrained the dissolution of Ca ions.

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  • Structure and biomineralization of calcium silicate glasses containing fluoride ions Reviewed

    Eiji Fuji, Koji Kawabata, Hideyuki Yoshimatsu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   111 ( 1298 )   762 - 766   2003.1

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    The in vitro bioactivity, in terms of apatite-forming ability, of calcium silicate glasses containing 10 mol% fluoride ions in the NaF-CaO-SiO2system was examined by soaking in Kokubo&#039;s simulated body fluid (SBF) at 36.5°C for 7 d. The surface structure of the glasses was examined by thin-film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD) and Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR) in order to confirm the apatite deposition. The structure of the calcium silicate glasses was examined by29Si magic angle spinning-nuclear resonance spectroscopy (MAS-NMR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Three calcium silicate glasses containing 10 mol% fluoride ions had different apatite-forming abilities. In the case of CaO/SiO2=1, the apatite-forming ability of 10NaF·45CaO·45SiO2was lower than that of 50CaO·50SiO2. This indicated that the addition of fluoride ions suppressed the apatite-forming ability, irrespective of the structural similarity of the silicate network based on the ratio of CaO/SiO2between the glasses.

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  • Mechanical property and microstructure of bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids containing colloidal silica particles Reviewed

    Yasushi Aburatani, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   111 ( 1292 )   247 - 251   2003

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    Synthesized through sol-gel processing were Ormosil type hybrid gels containing varied mass fractions of colloidal silica, poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and calcium nitrate. Viscoelasticity, mechanical strength and 29Si MAS NMR spectra were measured, and in vitro apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo recipe was examined. The relative height of a Tg peak at about - 100°C in tan δ versus temperature curves grew with the colloidal silica content. This peak growth was accounted for the relative increase in PDMS-colloidal silica interactions. As the increase in the compressive strength followed the increase in colloidal silica content, the number of PDMS-silica bonds and hydrogen bond of colloidal silica increased due to the NMR spectra and tan δ curve. Thus, mechanical strength was dependent on PDMS-silica bonds and the hydrogen bond of colloidal silica. On the other hand, as the relative PDMS content increased, the number of PDMS-silica bonds was little influenced while PDMS chain structure increased. The gel (with a molar ratio TEOS:PDMS:H2O:HCl:Ca (NO3)2·4H2O = 1:0.48:5.0:0.9:0.10) containing 14 mass% colloidal silica (CS14P0.48Ca0.10) exhibited the highest maximum failure strain (about 70%) among all samples. Thus, the relative content of PDMS chain structure depending on PDMS content influenced the maximum failure strain. CS14P0.48Ca0.25 could not deposit apatite within 7 d after soaking in SBF, while PDMS/TEOS = 0.24 (molar ratio) could deposit apatite within 3 d. The increase in PDMS content restrained the dissolution of Ca ions.

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  • Early Apatite Deposition onTitanium Treated by Hydrogen Peroxide Reviewed

    Jin-Ming Wu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    J. Aust, Ceram, Soc.   2003

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  • Bioactivity of viscoelastic ormosil-type organic-inorganic hybrids containing colloidal silica particles Reviewed

    Yasushi Aburatani, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   111 ( 1293 )   318 - 322   2003

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    Synthesized were organically modified silicate (ORMOSILs) hybrids containing colloidal silica as an ingredient, starting from poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and calcium nitrate through sol-gel processing. The effects of pre-hydrolysis of TEOS on mechanical strength and viscoelasticity were examined. A sample of composition PDMS/TEOS = 0.60 (molar ratio) with pre-hydrolysis of TEOS showed about 65% maximum failure strain. Thus obtained hybrid exhibited a peak at around -75°C in the storage modulus-temperature curve of the hybrid, due to transverse movements of the PDMS chains. This hybrid, heated at 200°C deposited apatite within 1 d in the simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe.

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  • Sol-Gel Preparation of Blood-Compatible Titania as an Adsorbent of Bilirubin Reviewed

    Takuji Asano, Shinji Takemoto, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Seisuke Takashima

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   111 ( 1297 )   645 - 650   2003

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    This study concerns with the adsorption of pathogenic substances on highly blood-compatible titania and the adsorption mechanism. Titania was prepared through a sol-gel procedure by hydrolyzing tetraethylor-thotitanate and calcining up to 705°C for 3 h. Pore size distribution and surface charge density were measured as a function of calcining temperature. Adsorption of bilirubin, as a typical pathogenic substance, as well as albumin on the titania powder was studied. Bilirubin was adsorbed either in 4 to 8-nm pores or on the surface with a higher positive charge. Thus, either entrapping bilirubin in the pores or electrostatic interaction between bilirubin and titania surface was effective for the adsorption of bilirubin. The titania powder adsorbed a greater amount of bilirubin than the anion-exchange resin used in clinics, hence they have potential for blood purification therapy.

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  • In vitro bioactivity of anatase film obtained by direct deposition from aqueous titanium tetrafluoride solutions Reviewed

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    THIN SOLID FILMS   414 ( 2 )   275 - 280   2002.7

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    Well-crystallized anatase films were deposited on commercially available pure titanium substrates from an acid titanium tetrafluoride aqueous solution kept at 60 degreesC for 24 h. The anatase films consisted of dual layers that were different in topography: a dense inner layer strongly adhered to the Ti substrate and a porous outer layer. In vitro bioactivity of such films was evaluated by soaking them in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo solution to observe their ability to induce apatite deposition. The anatase films with a subsequent thermal treatment at a temperature range of 300-700 degreesC induced apatite deposition within 5 days. Apatite particles were also found to deposit within 7 days on the anatase films being heated at 800 degreesC, which involved much rutile due to direct air oxidation of the titanium substrate. When the heating temperature is lower than 200 degreesC, no apatite deposited on the films even after 10 days of soaking in the SBF solution. The improved in vitro bioactivity of the films subsequently heated over 300 degreesC was attributed to the elimination of fluorine. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Soft solution approach to prepare crystalline titania films Reviewed

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    SCRIPTA MATERIALIA   46 ( 10 )   705 - 709   2002.5

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    Titania films with crystal structures of anatase or a mixture of anatase and rutile were prepared through a soft solution approach. The crystalline titania film resulted from crystallization of the previously deposited amorphous gel in an acidic solution. A low pH value of the solution favored the formation of rutile. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Mechanical properties and microstructure of bioactive ORMOSILs containing silica particles Reviewed

    Y Aburatani, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS   20 ( 1-2 )   195 - 198   2002.5

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    We synthesized organically modified silicate (ORMOSILs) gels with colloidal silica (CS) (AEROSIL(R)) starting from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)(2).4H(2)O) through sol-gel processing. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that relative height of the tandelta peak at about - 100 degreesC increased with an increase in the relative content of the inorganic components. This peak growth was accounted for by the relative increase in PDMS-colloidal silica particle interactions. The colloidal silica could control the mechanical behavior of the hybrids. The gel of a specific composition could deposit apatite within 3 days of soaking in the simulated body fluid (SBF), since it included many calcium ions on the surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved.

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  • Bioactive titania gel layers formed by chemical treatment of Ti substrate with a H2O2/HCl solution Reviewed

    XX Wang, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOMATERIALS   23 ( 5 )   1353 - 1357   2002.3

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    An amorphous titania gel layer was formed on the titanium surface after the titanium specimen was treated with a H2O2/0.1 M HCl solution tit 80degreesC. The thickness of the get layer increased almost linearly With the period of the treatment. A Subsequent heat treatment above 300degreesC transformed gradually the amorphous gel to the anatase crystal structure and the rutile started to appear after heat treatment at 600degreesC. Meanwhile, the densification of the gel occurred significantly after heat treatment above 700degreesC. e Similar to the sol-gel derived titania gel coatings, titania gel layers obtained in the present study exhibited in vitro apatite deposition C ability after the gel layers exceeded a minimum thickness (0.2 mum) and was subsequently heated in a proper temperature range (400-600degreesC). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Nanocrystalline titania made from interactions of Ti with hydrogen peroxide solutions containing tantalum chloride Reviewed

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN   2 ( 2 )   147 - 149   2002.3

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    Crystalline titania film and powders with crystallite size in the range of nanometers are of great interest in the fields of optical devices, gas sensors, catalysts, and biomaterials. This paper reports a soft solution approach to prepare crystalline titania. After Ti was soaked in hydrogen peroxide solutions containing 3.0 mM tantalum chloride at 80 degreesC for 3 days, crystalline titania films consisting of anatase and rutile were deposited on Ti substrates. While Ti was soaked in tantalum-free hydrogen peroxide solution followed by aging in hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum ions, titania films with well-crystallized anatase were obtained. The crystalline titania resulted from crystallization of the previously deposited amorphous gel. Addition of tantalum ions in hydrogen peroxide solutions helps to obtain the crystalline titania and favors especially the formation of rutile phase.

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  • Crystallization of anatase from amorphous titania in hot water and in vitro biomineralization Reviewed

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   110 ( 2 )   78 - 80   2002.2

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    Anatase of good crystallinity has been developed on titanium substrates by soaking in a 30 mass% hydrogen peroxide solution at 80degreesC for 8 h, soaking in distilled water at ambient temperature for 12 h, and subsequently aging in distilled water at 80degreesC for 3d. The anatase layers exhibit good bioactivity as inducing apatite deposition in Kokubo's simulated body fluid within 2d.

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  • Porous titania films prepared from interactions of titanium with hydrogen peroxide solution Reviewed

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    SCRIPTA MATERIALIA   46 ( 1 )   101 - 106   2002.1

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    Anatase films with sub-micron porous structure were deposited homogeneously on Ti substrates by simply soaking in 15 wt.% hydrogen peroxide solution at 80 degreesC for 1 h followed by heating at 300 degreesC for 1 h in air. Deposition of the porous titania film was not sensitive to substrate morphology, whilst affected readily by the reaction rate. (C) 2002 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Novel approach to fabricate porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids for bone tissue engineering Reviewed

    Lei Ren, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Biomaterials   23 ( 24 )   4765 - 4773   2002

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    Porous and bioactive gelatin-siloxane hybrids were successfully synthesized by using a combined sol-gel processing, post-gelation soaking, and freeze-drying process to provide a novel kind of materials in the developments and optimization of bone tissue engineering. The pore sizes of the hybrids can be well controlled by varying the freezing temperature. The scaffolds were soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) up to 14 days to evaluate the in vitro bioactivity. The Ca2+-containing scaffolds showed in vitro bioactivity as they biomimetically deposited apatite, but the Ca2+-free scaffolds failed. Cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of those scaffolds and their extracts were monitored by the MC3T3-E1 cell responses, including the cell proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase activity. It was demonstrated that appropriate incorporation of Ca2+ ions stimulated osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Incorporation of Ca2+ ions in gelatin-siloxane hybrids through a sol-gel process Reviewed

    L Ren, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   109 ( 5 )   406 - 411   2001.5

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    Several gelatin-siloxane hybrids incorporating Ca2+ ions were synthesized through a sol-gel process starting with gelatin, 3-(glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPSM), and Ca(NO3)(2). Amino acid analysis, Si-29 NMR spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis were used to assess the hybrid structure. It has been indicated that the grafting degree of epoxy groups of GPSM to gelatin and the extent of polymerization of methoxysilane end groups of GPSM strongly depended on the fraction of GPSM (f(G)) in the hybrids, but not on incorporation of Ca2+ ions. Hence, the hybrids with the same f(G) value, independent of incorporation of Ca2+ ions, had a similar cross-link density. However, the glass transition temperature (T-g) and storage modulus (E') around T-g decreased with incorporation of Ca2+ ions. Through the deconvolution of amide I bands of FT-IR spectra, flexibility may be interpreted by that the percentage of gelatin having a random structure increased with incorporation of Ca2+ ions. The Ca2+-containing hybrids can spontaneously deposit apatite when they were soaked in a simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe, showing their bioactivity.

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  • Viscoelastic properties and bioactivity of sol-gel derived gelatin-silicate composites: Effects of the incorporated Ca2+ ions Reviewed

    L Ren, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY   17 ( 3 )   367 - 370   2001.5

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    Several gelatin-silicate composites, with or without incorporation of Ca2+ ions, were synthesized through set-gel processing starting from gelatin and 3- (glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane. The structure around the Si atoms was similar for all the samples. The measurement of viscoelastic properties indicated that the glass transition temperature and activation energy decreased with the incorporation of Ca2+ ions. The Ca2+ ion-containing composites were bioactive as they spontaneously deposited apatite when soaked in a simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe.

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  • Kinetics of apatite deposition of silica gel dependent on the inorganic ion composition of simulated body fluids Reviewed

    K Tsuru, M Kubo, S Hayakawa, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   109 ( 5 )   412 - 418   2001.5

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    Nucleation and crystal growth mechanism of apatite formation on porous silica gel derived by a sol-gel procedure was investigated by the use of several simulated body fluids (SBF's) that had different concentrations of Ca(II), P(V), and OH- but had the same degree of supersaturation for hydroxyapatite. Induction time of apatite crystallization in SBF's was evaluated by thin film X-ray diffractometry. The effect of each ion on the induction time increased in the order: Ca(II)-rich SBF &lt;P(V)-rich SBF &lt;much less than&gt;OH--rich SBF, while that for the rate of initial crystal growth of apatite increased in the order: P (V)-rich SBF &lt; Ca (II)-rich SBF &lt; OH--rich SBF. It suggested that amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) deposited as the precursor of apatite and ACP transformed into apatite nuclei by the incorporation of OH-. Moreover, the transformation was accelerated by large amount of ACP and was assisted by the rearrangement of silicate units in the gel surface. Ca(II) was richer in ACP deposited in Ca(II)-rich SBF and OH--rich SBF than that deposited in P (V) -rich SBF. Ca(II)-rich ACP was favorable for crystal growth.

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  • In vivo evaluation of bone-bonding of titanium metal chemically treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum chloride Reviewed

    S Kaneko, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, S Takemoto, C Ohtsuki, T Ozaki, H Inoue, A Osaka

    BIOMATERIALS   22 ( 9 )   875 - 881   2001.5

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    Apatite formation on implants is important in achieving a direct bonding to bone tissue. We recently showed that titanium metal chemically treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum chloride has the ability to form a hydroxyapatite layer in simulated body fluid which had inorganic ion composition similar to human blood plasma. In this study, a pure titanium cylinder (4.0 mm in diameter. 20.0 mm in length) treated with this method was implanted into a hole (4.2 mm in diameter) in a rabbit's tibia. After implantation for predetermined periods up to 16 weeks. the specimens were extracted with bone tissue, and were examined by push-out test to evaluate the shearing force between the implant and bone tissue. The results were compared with those of non-treated pure titanium. Eight weeks after surgery. the shearing force of the treated titanium implanted in the 4.2 mm-hole was significantly higher than that of non-treated titanium. although the surface roughness was not changed after the treatment. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation and energy-dispersive X-my (EDX) microanalysis showed that the bone comes very close to the surface of the treated titanium. Moreover, the shearing force was higher for the implanted sample in the 4.0 mm-hole than that in the 4.2 mm-hole. Thus. it is confirmed that the treatment with hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum chloride provides higher bonding ability on titanium implants in vivo. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • A comparative study of in vitro apatite deposition on heat-, H2O2-, and NaOH-treated titanium surfaces Reviewed

    XX Wang, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH   54 ( 2 )   172 - 178   2001.2

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    Commercially pure titanium specimens are subjected to three different treatments, and their bioactivity are evaluated by immersing the specimens in a simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo's recipe) for various periods up to 7 days, with particular attention being paid to the differences in apatite deposition between surfaces open to SBF and surfaces in contact with the container's bottom. The treatment with a H2O2/HCl solution at 80 degreesC for 30 min followed by heating at 400 degreesC for 1 h produces an anatase titania gel layer on the specimen surface. This gel layer deposits apatite both on the contact and on open surfaces, and apatite deposition ability does not change with pre-staking in distilled water. The treatment with a NaOH solution at 60 degreesC for 3 days produces a sodium titanate gel layer. This gel layer can deposit apatite only on the contact surface, and the apatite deposition ability is completely lost after 1 day of pre-staking in distilled water. It is concluded, therefore, that the bioactivity of the titania gel originates from the favorable structure of the gel itself while the bioactivity of the sodium titanate gel depends heavily on ion release from the gel. The third treatment, a simple heat treatment at 400 degreesC for 1 h, produces a dense (not porous) oxide layer on the specimen surface. The specimens can deposit apatite on the contact surface after only 3 days of staking in SBF, but they cannot deposit apatite on the open surface for up to 2 months of staking. The implications of such apatite deposition behavior have been discussed in relation to the environments of titanium implants in bone as well as to the methodology of the SBF staking experiment. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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  • 125Te, 27Al, and 71Ga NMR Study of M2O3-TeO2 (M = Al and Ga) Glasses Reviewed

    Shinichi Sakida, Satoshi Hayakawa, Toshinobu Yoko

    Journal of the American Ceramic Society   84 ( 4 )   836 - 842   2001

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    The structures of M2O3-TeO2 (M = Al and Ga) glasses have been investigated by means of 125Te, 27Al, and 71Ga NMR spectroscopies. The structural units of respective cations in M2O3-TeO2 glasses were quantitatively analyzed. The fractions of TeO4 trigonal hipyramid. AlO6 and GaO6 octahedra decreased and those of TeO3 trigonal pyramid, AlO4, AlO5, and GaO4 polyhedra increased with increasing M2O3 content. Based on the local structures around Te, Al, and Ga atoms, the structure models of M2O3-TeO2 glasses were proposed.

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  • Synthesis and in vitro behavior of organically modified silicate containing Ca ions Reviewed

    K Tsuru, Y Aburatani, T Yabuta, S Hayakawa, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   21 ( 1-2 )   89 - 96   2001

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    Organically modified silicates containing calcium ion have a potential to bond to bone via an apatite layer deposited on their surfaces in the body environment. In this study, we examined the relationship between apatite deposition and the microstructure of the organically modified silicates synthesized from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with a different amount of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)(2). 4H(2)O) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Apatite deposition was evaluated in vitro using a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution). Copolymerization was confirmed between TEOS and PDMS even if PDMS free from -SiOH termination are used as one of the starting materials. The porosity and Ca content incorporated in the structure depended on the amount of HCl, whereas analysis of Si-29 MAS NMR spectra indicates that it caused few effects on the local structure around Si atoms. Apatite-forming ability is enhanced by optimal amounts of HCl and Ca (NO3)(2). 4H(2)O. The difference in apatite-forming ability among the hybrid gels was attributed to both Ca(II) contents in the structure and aggregation states of the Si-OH groups. Better bioactivity of the hybrid gels is achieved by the release of Ca(II) ions trapped in structure at gelation and the formation of hydrated silica rich in Si-OH.

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  • In Vitro Biomimetic deposition of apatite on chemically and electrochemically treated titanium Reviewed

    Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji, Tsuru, Shinji Takemoto, Yasuhiro Kawabe, Shoko Iwatani

    Journal of Australian Ceramics Society   2001

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  • Highly blood compatible titania gel Reviewed

    S Takemoto, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   21 ( 1-2 )   97 - 104   2001

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    We examined blood compatibility of titania gels prepared through a sol-gel processing or yielded on titanium substrates by treating with hydrogen peroxide or simple heating. The blood compatibility was evaluated in terms of blood clotting time and correlated to the crystalline phases, roughness, specific surface area, and wettability. The sol-gel derived titania gel heated above 200 degreesC had good blood compatibility. Ti substrate treated with hydrogen peroxide and subsequently heated at 550 degreesC showed the best blood compatibility among the Ti substrates with or without the chemical treatment and heat-treatment. The specimen consisted of rutile and anatase phases, and had hydrophilic surface.

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  • Synthesis and characterization of gelatin-siloxane hybrids derived through sol-gel procedure Reviewed

    L Ren, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   21 ( 1-2 )   115 - 121   2001

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    A new type of inorganic-organic hybrid materials incorporating gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPSM) was prepared through sol-gel processing. A solid-state Si-29 NMR analysis indicated that all the methoxy silane groups of GPSM were polymerized to yield -Si-O-Si- bridging bonds. An amino acid analysis confirmed grafting reactions of GPSM against gelatin chains. The increasing GPSM/gelatin ratio stimulated gel formation, phase separation, and the density of GPSM-crosslinking of the gelatin chains as well as it changed the micro- and macro- structures and the viscoelastic properties of the final products.

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  • Sol-gel preparation and in vitro deposition of apatite on porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids Reviewed

    Lei Ren, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids   285 ( 1-3 )   116 - 122   2001

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    Ca(II) containing porous hybrids of gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPSM) were prepared using a sol-gel process, post-gelation soaking, and freeze-drying. The porosity and pore size of the hybrids could be well controlled by the freezing temperature and the pH value of the soaking solution. The pore characteristics were related to the structure change during the soaking treatment. A second soaking of the porous hybrids introduced a binary-pore distribution. The rate of biodegradation in a trishydroxymethylaminomethane (Tris) buffer solution decreased with an increased GPSM content. A bone-like apatite layer was able to form in the Ca(II) containing porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids upon soaking in a stimulated body fluid (Kokubo recipe). These hybrid materials are proposed to find application as novel bioactive and biodegradable scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.

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  • Synthesis of bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids with gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane Reviewed

    T Yabuta, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   19 ( 1-3 )   745 - 748   2000.12

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    Bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids were synthesized through sol-gel processing starting from gamma -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. NMR-spectroscopic studies showed the presence of silanol groups (Si-OH) and Si-O-Si bonds. In vitro tests of the hybrids for bioactivity with a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution) indicated that only calcium-containing hybrids could form apatite on their surfaces. Thus the presence of calcium ions was no less important to deposit apatite than the formation of silanol groups or Si-O-Si bonds.

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  • Improvement of bioactivity of H2O2/TaCl5-treated titanium after subsequent heat treatments Reviewed

    Xiao-Xiang Wang, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research   52 ( 1 )   171 - 176   2000.8

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    Commercially pure titanium was treated with a H2O2/3 mM TaCl5 solution at 80°C for various periods and a titania gel layer was formed on the surface. This gel remained amorphous when heating for 1 h below 200°C and transformed to anatase after heating between 300°and 600°C. The anatase titania gel layers were found to be bioactive as to deposit carbonate ion- incorporated apatite within 1 day of immersion in the Kokubo solution, whereas the amorphous layers did not deposit apatite within 7 days. The apatite particles were found to nucleate preferentially inside the cracks prevailing in the thicker gel layers of 1-h chemically treated specimens. After immersing for 2 days, the titanium specimens were almost completely covered by apatite. Elimination of peroxide radicals from the titania gel and formation of anatase upon subsequent heating are considered to be responsible for the enhanced ability of apatite deposition. (C) 2000 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

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  • Te-125 and V-51 static NMR study of V2O5-TeO2 glasses Reviewed

    S Sakida, S Hayakawa, T Yoko

    JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER   12 ( 12 )   2579 - 2595   2000.3

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    The structures of V2O5-TeO2 glasses are investigated by means of Te-125 and V-51 static NMR spectroscopies and the local structures around the Te and V atoms are discussed in detail from the respective NMR spectra. The fraction of TeO3 trigonal pyramids increases and that of TeO4 trigonal bipyramids decreases with increasing V2O5 content. The structures of V2O5-TeO2 glasses are quite different from those of tellurite glasses containing network-modifying oxides. The fraction of VO4 tetrahedra increases and that of VO5 trigonal bipyramids decreases with increasing V2O5 content. Both chains consisting of tellurite structural units and those consisting of vanadate structural units contribute to the formation of the glass network in V2O5-TeO2 glasses.

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  • Structure of lead oxyfluorosilicate glasses: X-ray photoelectron and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Hironori Nishioka, Syuji Matsumoto, Yoshinari Miura

    Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids   272 ( 2-3 )   103 - 118   2000.1

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    X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS)-NMR spectroscopy have been used to examine the chemical states of fluorine, oxygen, silicon and lead atoms in the glasses of composition xPbF2 · (100-y-x)PbO· ySiO2 (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 mol%, y = 30, 50, 60 mol%). The analysis of the F Is spectra indicated that Pb2+ and F- ions are preferentially located among the Si-O skeleton forming ionic Pb-F clusters. The fraction of the bridging (BO) and non-bridging oxygen (NBO) atoms was derived from the O 1s spectra. The network of the fluorine-containing glasses was concluded to depend on the ratio PbO/SiO2; when the ratio PbO/SiO2 was lower than 0.5, not only Pb atoms but also F atoms play a role as network modifiers, while when the ratio PbO/SiO2 is higher than 1.33, part of Pb atoms plays a role as a glass network former. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • AMI study on infra-red spectra of silica clusters modified by fluorine Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Larry L. Hench

    Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids   262 ( 1-3 )   264 - 270   2000

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    AM1 molecular orbital (MO) calculations were made for various cluster models of silica and for fluorinated silica. Calculations were made on clusters containing up to 12SiO4 units. On the basis of the relative position and relative intensity of the theoretical vibrational spectra of fluorine-free silica clusters with different sizes and fluorinated silica clusters, the effects of the replacement of OH groups by fluorine on the vibrational spectra of the silica clusters were established. In ring-type silica clusters the absorption around 640-720 cm-1, assignable to the ring vibration within the ring plane, could be seen in the three-membered ring. The intensity of absorption around 500-600 cm-1, assignable to the O-Si-O bending vibration, decreased with increasing size of rings and by the replacement of hydroxyl groups (OH-) by fluorine (F-). In block-type silica clusters all absorption peaks shifted to higher frequencies than those in ring-type silica clusters. The absorption peaks in AM1 calculated vibrational spectra correlated with the experimental IR spectra except for the stretching vibration of Si-F bonds. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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  • Te-125 NMR study of MO-TeO2 (M=Mg, Zn, Sr, Ba and Pb) glasses Reviewed

    S Sakida, S Hayakawa, T Yoko

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   107 ( 5 )   395 - 402   1999.5

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    The structure of MO-TeO2 (RI Mg Zn, Sr, Ba and Pb) glasses has been studied by means of Te-125 static NMR technique. The fraction of TeO4, trigonal bipyramid (tbp), N-4 decreased and that of TeO3 trigonal pyramid (tp), N-3 increased almost linearly up to 33.3 mol% MO and rapidly in the range of 33.3 to 40 mol% MO, with increasing MO content, It was found that the glasses containing MO in the range of 40 to 45 mol% MO consisted only of TeO3 tp. On the basis of the structural model proposed in a previous paper, the fractions of TeO4 tbp without a non-bridging oxygen (NBO) atom, TeO4/2 (N-4(0)), TeO4 tbp with an NBO atom, O-3/2 Te-O- (N-4(-)) and TeO3 tp with two NBO atoms, O1/2Te(= O)-O- (N-3(-)) were calculated. The structural change for MO-TeO2 glasses in the range of 0 to 33.3 mol% MO could be well represented by the model previously proposed for alkali tellurite binary glasses. A new model which represents the structural change for MO-TeO2 glasses containing more than 33.3 mol% MO has been proposed.

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  • 125Te NMR study of MO-TeO<inf>2</inf>(M = Mg, Zn, Sr, Ba and Pb) glasses Reviewed

    Shinichi Sakida, Satoshi Hayakawa, Toshinobu Yoko

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   107   395 - 402   1999.1

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    The structure of MO-TeO2(M=Mg, Zn, Sr, Ba and Pb) glasses has been studied by means of125Te static NMR technique. The fraction of TeO4trigonal bipyramid (tbp), N4decreased and that of TeO3trigonal pyramid (tp), N3increased almost linearly up to 33.3 mol% MO and rapidly in the range of 33.3 to 40 mol% MO, with increasing MO content. It was found that the glasses containing MO in the range of 40 to 45 mol% MO consisted only of TeO3tp. On the basis of the structural model proposed in a previous paper, the fractions of TeO1tbp without a non-bridging oxygen (NBO) atom, TeO4/2(N40), TeO4tbp with an NBO atom, O3/2Te-O-(N4-) and TeO3tp with two NBO atoms, O1/2Te(=O)-O-(N3-) were calculated. The structural change for MO-TeO2glasses in the range of 0 to 33.3 mol% MO could be well represented by the model previously proposed for alkali tellurite binary glasses. A new model which represents the structural change for MO-TeO2glasses containing more than 33.3 mol% MO has been proposed.

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  • Part 1. Te-125 NMR study of tellurite crystals Reviewed

    S Sakida, S Hayakawa, T Yoko

    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS   243 ( 1 )   1 - 12   1999.1

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    Te-125 static and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra of tellurite crystals with known crystal structures have been measured to determine the isotropic chemical shift delta(iso), the chemical shift anisotropy Delta delta and the asymmetry parameter eta. On the basis of structural unit, tellurite crystals are classified for convenience into TeO3 type (isolated TeO3 and terminal TeO3 type), TeO3+1 type and TeO4 type (alpha-TeO2 and beta-TeO2 type). As a result, the following relations were found: TeO3 greater than or equal to TeO3+1 approximate to beta-TeO2 &gt; alpha-TeO2 in delta(iso(MAS)), beta-TeO2 greater than or equal to alpha-TeO2 &gt; TeO3+1 &gt; terminal TeO3 greater than or equal to isolated TeO3 in \Delta delta\ and TeO4 greater than or equal to TeO3+1 greater than or equal to TeO3 in eta. It was also found that the combination of \Delta delta\ and eta, namely, the relative values of delta(1), delta(2) and delta(3), can elucidate the local structure around Te atoms more definitely than delta(iso). This diagram is useful for examining the structures of tellurite crystals and glasses. (Glasses are discussed in another paper.) (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00811-4

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  • Part 2. Te-125 NMR study of M2O-TeO2 (M = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) glasses Reviewed

    S Sakida, S Hayakawa, T Yoko

    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS   243 ( 1 )   13 - 25   1999.1

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    The structure of TeO2 and M2O-TeO2 (M = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) glasses has been investigated by means of Te-125 static and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopies. On the basis of the relationship between the local structures around Te atoms and the NMR parameters obtained by Te-125 NMR spectra of various tellurite crystals, the local structures around Te atoms in TeO2 and M2O-TeO2 glasses were examined. The spectral simulation of static NMR spectra enabled us to discriminate between TeO3 trigonal pyramid (tp) and TeO4 trigonal bipyramid (tbp) and to estimate the fractions of TeO3 tp (N-3) and TeO4 tbp (N-4) It was concluded that in TeO2 glass TeO4 tbps are connected by sharing their corners as in alpha-TeO2 crystal. N-3 increased and NS decreased with increasing M2O content. On the basis of a previous structural model, the fractions of TeO4 tbp without a non-bridging oxygen (NBO) atom, TeO4 tbp with an NBO atom, and TeO3 tp with two NBO atoms were calculated. A new model which presents the structural change for M2O-TeO2 glasses has been proposed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00812-6

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  • Molecular orbital models of silica clusters modified by fluorine Reviewed

    S Hayakawa, LL Hench

    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS   242 ( 2-3 )   131 - 140   1998.12

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    AM1 molecular orbital calculations were conducted for various cluster models of silica and for those of fluorinated silica. Remarkably, the addition of HF to silica clusters gave an F-Si bond forming a trigonal bipyramid geometry around a 5-coordinated Si. The heat of addition reaction of HF was maximum for 4-membered rings and decreased with an increasing number of Si tetrahedra in ring-type silica clusters, while it increased with an increasing number of Si tetrahedra in block-type silica clusters. The addition reaction was strongly dependent on both whether there is sufficient structural flexibility around the Si sites to allow the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds with neighbouring silanol groups in the addition of HF and the degree of the strain of the arrangement for [SiO4/2F](-) The heat of reaction for the replacement of one hydroxyl group (OH-) by F- decreased with increasing number of Si tetrahedra. The replacement reaction was strongly dependent on both the size of the rings and the number of bridging oxygens per Si tetrahedron. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3093(98)00797-2

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  • Ultrasonic implantation of calcium metasilicate glass particles into PMMA Reviewed

    K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE   9 ( 8 )   479 - 484   1998.8

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    Polymer materials for clinical applications should be bioactive and have a bone-bonding ability. In order to provide poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with bioactivity, granules (&lt;45 mu m) of a bioactive glass 50CaO . 50SiO(2) (mol %) were implanted into PMMA: they were suspended together with a piece of PMMA in a 40 tetrahydrofuran-60 ethanol (vol %) solution and ultrasonically agitated. The granules of &lt;10 mu m in size were impregnated at similar to 40-20 mu m depth below the substrate surface. Two types were detected on the PMMA surface: (a) a glass-granule layer on PMMA, and (b) an inner granule layer, a PMMA layer, and an outer granule layer on the PM MA. The bioactivity of the implanted PMMA substrates was examined in vitro with a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution). Apatite was precipitated on all glass granules and the whole substrate surfaces within 1 d. After 4 h soaking in the Kokubo solution, aggregates of apatite particles appeared on the substrate surface, independently of those on the glass granules, and they grew and proliferated on the whole subtrate surface in 7 d. Silica gel islands on PM MB due to the silicate an ions from the glass were considered to induce nucleation of the apatite particles.

    DOI: 10.1023/A:1008875502451

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  • An x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of the chemical states of fluorine atoms in calcium silicate glasses Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Akira Nakao, Chikara Ohtsutki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Shuji Matsumoto, Yoshinari Miura

    Journal of Materials Research   13 ( 3 )   739 - 743   1998.3

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    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to examine the chemical states of fluorine in the glasses of composition <italic>x</italic>CaF2(50 – <italic>x</italic>)CaO · 50SiO2 (<italic>x</italic> = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mol %) and <italic>x</italic>CaF2(50 – <italic>x</italic>/2)CaO(50 – <italic>x</italic>/2)SiO2 (<italic>x</italic> = 5, 10, 15, and 20 mol %). The analysis of the F1<italic>s</italic> spectra indicated that Ca2+ and F- ions introduced as CaF2 are favorably located among the Si–O skeleton forming Ca–F clusters. The fraction of the bridging and nonbridging oxygen atoms was derived from the O1<italic>s</italic> spectra, and the network of the fluorine-containing glasses was concluded to depend only on the ratio CaO/SiO2.

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  • Properties of alumina-zirconia powder prepared from aluminium chelate compound and zirconium alkoxide Reviewed

    K Kawabata, H Yoshimatsu, T Yabuki, A Kubotsu, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, Y Miura

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   106 ( 2 )   155 - 159   1998.2

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    Alumina-zirconia powder (AZ) was prepared by thermal decomposition of organic precursors synthesized from ethyl acetoacetate aluminium diisopropoxide and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide. The specific surface area of AZ was higher than that of alumina-zirconia powder (ALK) prepared from aluminium tri-sec-butoxide and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide in the range of 0-40 mol% ZrO2. The pore radius for AZ containing 0-40 mol% ZrO2 distributed from 1 to 3 nm. The true density of AZ was lower than that of ALK in the range of 0-40 mol% ZrO2. Four- and 6-coordinated Al atoms existed in ZrO2-free AZ, while 5-coordinated Al atoms in addition to 4- and 6-coordinated Al atoms existed in AZ containing 20-80 mol% ZrO2. These results indicate that alumina component and zirconia component in AZ were mixed homogeneously at the atomic level.

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  • Molecular dynamic simulation of heterogeneity and chemical states of fluorine in amorphous alkaline earth silicate systems Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Chikara Ohtsuki, Syuji Matsumoto, Akiyoshi Osaka, Yoshinari Miura

    Computational Materials Science   9 ( 3-4 )   337 - 342   1998.1

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  • Apatite formation on the surface of silicone elastomer covered with bioactive glass particles Reviewed

    Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Chikara Ohtsuki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Zairyo/Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan   47 ( 6 )   565 - 570   1998

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    Surface modification was applied to silicone elastomers via ultrasonic implantation of bioactive 50CaO · 50SiO2 (mol%) glass particles (&lt
    45μm in diameter). Silicone elastomers with different hardness, which were sampled from an appropriate stage of their hardening process, were immersed in the bioactive glass-ethanol suspension and subjected to irradiation of ultrasonic energy. The glass particles wholly covered and well adhered to the surface of silicone elastomers when the glass was implanted in the silicone elastomer at the stage of hard gel. Thus the resulting composite formed apatite, which is essential for bone-bonding, in Kokubo solution within 7 days. The cross-sectional analysis of the composite soaked in Kokubo solution indicates that the composite is covered with a complexed layer consisting of the bioactive glass and the in situ formed apatite.

    DOI: 10.2472/jsms.47.565

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  • Bioactive gel coatings derived from vinyltrimethoxysilane Reviewed

    K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   13 ( 1-3 )   237 - 240   1998

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    An ethanol (EtOH) solution of polymerized vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), about 20-mers, was mixed with an aqueous solution of calcium acetate (Ca(OAc)(2)) and refluxed in N-2 for 1 h to give sols of a typical composition VTMS:H2O:EtOH: Ca(OAc)(2) = 1 :9:8:0.05 (mol). Homogeneous films could be produced, by dip-coating, on Nylon(R) and soda-lime glass, but not on polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene. The gel films did not deposit apatite within 14 days of soaking in a simulated body fluid whereas films abraded with emery paper as well as bulk gels deposited apatite on the surfaces within 7 days, indicating the present gel was suitable for bioactive coatings on Nylon(R).

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  • BIOMIMETIC COATING OF BONE-LIKE APATITE ON GLASS BEADS Reviewed

    Akiyoshi OSAKA, Shinji TAKEMOTO, Satoshi HAYAKAWA, Chikara OHTSUKI

    Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan   47 ( 3Appendix )   60 - 63   1998

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    Soda lime glass beads were chemically treated by either an aqueous solution of NaOH(3mol/l) or a hydrogen peroxide solution(30vol%)containing TaCl_5 in 5×10^3 mol/l or by both of them. The treated samples ware soaked up to 14 days in a simulated body fluid(SBF):Na^+142.0, K^+5.0, Ca^<2+> 2.5, Mg^<2+>1.5, Cl^-147.8, HCO_3^-4.2, HPO_4^<2->1.0, SO_4^<2->0.5(in 10^<-3>mol/l), or in another solution 1.5 times as concentrated as SBF(1.5SBF). The SBFs were kept at 36.5°C and at 7.25 in pH. Apatite was deposited on the samples treated with the NaOH solution, the H_2O_2/Ta solution, and both of them before soaking in 1.5SBF. Ta(V)ions were present on not only the samples treated with the H_2O_2/Ta solution but those treated with both NaOH and the H_2O_2/Ta solutions. It was concluded that Ta(V)ions on the surface layer had ability of inducing apatite deposition, and the ability was enhanced by the coexitence with silanol groups.

    DOI: 10.2472/jsms.47.3appendix_60

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  • Properties of Alumina-Zirconia Powder Prepared from Aluminium Chelate Compound and Zirconium Alkoxide

    KAWABATA Koji, YOSHIMATSU Hideyuki, YABUKI Tatsumi, KUBOTSU Akira, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, OSAKA Akiyoshi, MIURA Yoshinari

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   106 ( 1230 )   155 - 159   1998

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    Alumina-zirconia powder (AZ) was prepared by thermal decomposition of organic precursors synthesized from ethyl acetoacetate aluminium diisopropoxide and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide. The specific surface area of AZ was higher than that of alumina-zirconia powder (ALK) prepared from aluminium tri-sec-butoxide and zirconium tetra-n-butoxide in the range of 0-40mol% ZrO2. The pore radius for AZ containing 0-40mol% ZrO2 distributed from 1 to 3nm. The true density of AZ was lower than that of ALK in the range of 0-40mol% ZrO2. Four- and 6-coordinated Al atoms existed in ZrO2-free AZ, while 5-coordinated Al atoms in addition to 4- and 6-coordinated Al atoms existed in AZ containing 20-80mol% ZrO2. These results indicate that alumina component and zirconia component in AZ were mixed homogeneously at the atomic level.

    DOI: 10.2109/jcersj.106.155

    DOI: 10.2472/jsms.56.526_references_DOI_WispPXNoq7EoLH9a3Rg9zT2nh5D

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  • Bioactivity of titanium treated with hydrogen peroxide solutions containing metal chlorides Reviewed

    C Ohtsuki, H Iida, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH   35 ( 1 )   39 - 47   1997.4

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    Commercially available pure metallic titanium was chemically treated at 60 degrees C for 24 h with H2O2 solutions containing various metal chlorides to provide titanium with bioactivity, that is, to give it the ability to form a biologically active bone-like apatite layer on the surface. After the chemical treatment the titanium specimens were soaked in a simulated body fluid (the Kokubo solution). Apatite was found to deposit on the specimens treated with the H2O2/TaCl5 and H2O2/SnCl2 solutions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) study of the specimens treated with those H2O2 solutions indicated that basic Ti-OH groups in titania hydrogel layers on their surfaces were responsible for apatite nucleation and growth. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199704)35:1<39::AID-JBM5>3.0.CO;2-N

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  • MAS-NMR studies of apatite formation on 50CaO・50SiO2glass in a simulated body fluid(共著) Reviewed

    Physics and Chemistry of Glasses   37 ( 5 )   188   1996.12

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  • ^<31>P MAS-NMR Studies of Phosphate Salts Formation on Calcium-Containing Oxide Glasses in a Simulated Body Fluid

    HAYAKAWA Satoshi, TSURU Kanji, IIDA Hirohisa, OHTSUKI Chikara, OSAKA Akiyoshi

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   104 ( 1215 )   1000 - 1003   1996.11

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    ^<31>P MAS-NMR spectra were measured for pulverized binary and ternary glasses containing Ca^<2+> ions after soaking in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution; pH=7.25) for 1 d, and the chemical state of adsorbed phosphate ions were examined. The ^<31>P chemical shift indicated that orthophosphate ions, H_xPO_4^<-(3-x)>(0<x<3), were adsorbed on all the glasses but 60CaO・40Al_2O_3; pyrophosphate ions, H_zP_2O_7^<-(4-z)<(0<z<4), were detected on the aluminate glass, indicating that orthophosphate ions in the Kokubo solution were dimerized on the glass surface. For the glasses such as 60CaO・40Al_2O_3, 40CaO・60B_2O_3, 40aO・30B_2O_3・30Al_2O_3 and 40CaO・30B_2O_3・30SiO_2, those phosphate ions gave broad ^<31>P MAS-NMR spectra, hence have a broad distribution by coordinating to the various surface sites of the glasses. On the other hand, sharp ^<31>P MAS-NMR spectra as for a cortical bone (rabbit) were obtained for the rest of the glasses, 50CaO・50SiO_2 and 40CaO・30B_2O_3・30TiO_2, on which apatite formed in shorter soaking period in the Kokubo solution. It was thus concluded that presence of orthophosphate ions on the glass surfaces favored the deposition of apatite.

    DOI: 10.2109/jcersj.104.1000

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  • P-31 MAS-NMR studies of phosphate salts formation on calcium-containing oxide glasses in a simulated body fluid Reviewed

    S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, H Iida, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   104 ( 11 )   1000 - 1003   1996.11

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    P-31 MAS-NMR spectra were measured for pulverized binary and ternary glasses containing Ca2+ ions after soaking in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution; pH=7.25) for 1 d, and the chemical state of adsorbed phosphate ions were examined. The P-31 chemical shift indicated that orthophosphate ions, H2PO4-(3-x) (0&lt;x&lt;3), were adsorbed on all the glasses but 60CaO . 40Al(2)O(3); pyrophosphate ions, H2P2O7-(4-x) (0&lt;z&lt;4), were detected on the aluminate glass, indicating that orthophosphate ions in the Kokubo solution were dimerized on the glass surface. For the glasses such as 60CaO . 40Al(2)O(3), 40CaO . 60B(2)O(3), 40CaO . 30B(2)O(3) . 30Al(2)O(3) and 40CaO . 30B(2)O(3) . 30SiO(2), those phosphate ions gave broad P-31 MAS-NMR spectra, hence have a broad distribution by coordinating to the various surface sites of the glasses. On the other hand, sharp P-31 MAS-NMR spectra as for a cortical bone (rabbit) were obtained for the rest of the glasses, (CaO)-Ca-50 . 50SiO(2) and 40CaO . 30B(2)O(3) . 30TiO(2), on which apatite formed in shorter soaking period in the Kokubo solution. It was thus concluded that presence of orthophosphate ions on the glass surfaces favored the deposition of apatite.

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  • IR AND NMR STRUCTURAL STUDIES ON LEAD VANADATE GLASSES Reviewed

    S HAYAKAWA, T YOKO, S SAKKA

    JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS   183 ( 1-2 )   73 - 84   1995.4

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    The structure of lead vanadate glasses, xPbO . (100 - x)V2O5, (x = 55, 50, 40, 30) has been investigated by means of infrared and V-51 static and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) and Pb-207 MAS-NMR spectroscopies. The V-51 NMR spectral parameters of various constituent vanadate groups in lead vanadate glasses were determined by spectrum simulation on the basis of our previous results on alkaline earth vanadate glasses. The structure of 55PbO . 45V(2)O(5) glass mainly consists of VO4 tetrahedra, which are composed of V2O74- and (VO3)(n) single chains. The structure of xPbO . (100 - x)V2O5 glasses (x = 30, 40, 50) consists of both VO4 tetrahedra and VO5 trigonal bipyramids. These VOn polyhedra (n = 4, 5) compose at least four types of vanadate group, i.e., V2O74-, (VO3)(n) single chains, branched VO4 group and (V2O8)(n) zigzag chains depending on the PbO content.

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  • 51V NMR studies of crystalline monovalent and divalent metal metavanadates Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Toshinobu Yoko, Sumio Sakka

    Journal of Solid State Chemistry   112 ( 2 )   329 - 339   1994

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    51V static and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra of crystalline monovalent metal metavanadates LiVO3, α- and βNaVO3, KVO3, CsVO3, β-AgVO3, and NH4VO3 and divalent metal metavanadates M(VO3)2 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Pb) have been measured in order to establish the relationships between the various NMR parameters, such as isotropic chemical shift, δiso, chemical shift anisotropy, |Δ
    δ|, the asymmetry parameter, η, and the crystallographic parameters. When the structural units are the same, in this case VO4 tetrahedra or VO5 trigonal bipyramids, the δiso decrease almost linearly with decreasing average V-O bond length, independent of the polymerization degree and linkage mode of the VOn polyhedra. |Δ
    δ|, increases with the polymerization degree and the degree of the structural distortion of the VOn polyhedron. It is found possible to predict the structural unit and the polymerization degree on the basis of the relation between |Δ
    δ| and η. © 1994 Academic Press, Inc.

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  • Structural Studies on Alkaline Earth Vanadate Glasses (Part 1) Reviewed

    Satoshi HAYAKAWA, Toshinobu YOKO, Sumio SAKKA

    Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan   102 ( 1186 )   522 - 529   1994

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    The structure of alkaline earth vanadate glasses of the compositions, _xMO・(100-x)V_2O_5 (M=Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, x=30, 40, 45, 50, 55) , has been investigated by me ans of IR spectroscopy with reference to various crys talline alkaline earth vanadates structurally known. It is found that the structure of alkaline earth vanadate glasses is very similar to each other and mainly con sists of V0_4 tetrahedra which form either (VO_3) single chains as found in Sr (VO_3)_2 and Ba (VO_3)_2 crystals or the three dimensional arrangement of the corner sharing branched VO_4 tetrahedral groups as found in molten and amorphous V_2O_5. It is stressed that the glass network of the V_2O_5-rich glasses, 30MO・70V_2O_5, also mainly consists of VO_4 tetrahedra.

    DOI: 10.2109/jcersj.102.522

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  • 51V NMR Studies of Crystalline Divalent Metal Vanadates and Divanadates Reviewed

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Toshinobu Yoko, Sumio Sakka

    Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan   66 ( 11 )   3393 - 3400   1993.11

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    51V static and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra of crystalline divalent metal vanadates, M3(VO4)2 (M = Mg, Sr, Ba, Zn, Pb) and Mg2M′(VO4)2 (M′ = Sr, Ba, Pb) and divanadates, M2V2O7 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Pb) have been measured. In vanadates and dichromate-type divanadates, the 51V isotropic chemical shifts decrease linearly with decreasing electronegativity of divalent metal atom adjacent to the VO4-tetrahedron. This was interpreted by considering that the electron density and the symmetry of VO4-tetrahedron increases with decreasing electronegativity of divalent metal atom. This effect was more significant in vanadates than in divanadates. In divanadates the isotropic chemical shifts of the thortveitite-type configuration appeared at lower frequencies than that of the dichromate-type configuration. This was explained by assuming that the degree of s-hybridization of the oxygen orbitals in the V–O–V bonds is higher in the thortveitite-type than in the dichromate-type.

    DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.66.3393

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Books

  • Hydroxyapatite (HAp) for Biomedical Applications

    Woodhead Publishing  2015  ( ISBN:9781782420

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  • Bioceramcs and their clinical applications

    Woodhead publishing limited, Cambridge, England  2008 

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  • Advances in Bioceramics and Biocomposites II, Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings , Volume 27, Issue 6,

    A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION, New Jersey  2007 

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  • HYBRID MATERIALS- Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

    Wiley-VCH, Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim  2007 

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  • HANDBOOK OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Processing Characterization and Applications, APPLICATIONS of SOL-GEL TECHNOLOGY

    Kluwer Academic Publishers  2005 

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  • Ceramic Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology III, (Ceramic Transactions, Volume 159)

    American Ceramic Society  2004 

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  • Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Coating, ed. H-B. Wen, Research Signpost, India, pp. 1-13

    Research Signpost, India  2002 

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MISC

  • Molecular Structure Analysis (2) (NMR) -Structural Nalaysis of Inorganic Materials by Solid-state NMR

    Satoshi Hayakawa

    Ceramics Japan (Bulletin of the Ceramics Society of Japan)   59 ( 1 )   36 - 41   2024.1

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  • バイオセラミックスの最新の研究動向と将来展望

    橋本雅美, 澤村武憲, 早川 聡

    セラミックス   51 ( 12 )   836 - 840   2016

  • The State of Art of Research and Development in Bioceramics

    Masami Hashimoto, Takenori Sawamura, Satoshi Hayakawa

    CERAMICS JAPAN BULLETIN OF THE CERAMICS SOCIETY OF JAPAN   51 ( 12 )   836 - 840   2016

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  • In vitro degradation behavior of hydroxyapatite

    S. Hayakawa

    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) for Biomedical Applications   85 - 105   2015.2

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    This chapter discusses in vitro degradation behaviors of calcium phosphate particles, such as nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp) and ion-substituted HAp synthesized by the wet-chemical processing method, and how their microstructure affects their initial dissolution profiles and kinetics. The chapter reviews several in vitro evaluation techniques for biodegradability of calcium phosphate ceramics and several models representing dissolution profiles and kinetics. The chapter then discusses the relationship between the heterogeneous structure of nano-crystalline HAp and the initial dissolution behaviors in acidic buffer solution.

    DOI: 10.1016/B978178242033000004-3

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  • NMR structural characterization of Mg-containing nano-apatite

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Toshiisa Konishi, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Eiji Fujii, Kouji Kawabata

    Key Engineering Materials   631   57 - 60   2015

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    Nano-meter scale Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (nano-apatite) is a potential candidate as artificial bone substitute materials owing to its similarity to the bone with respect to composition, morphology and osteoclastic degradation or adsorbent materials for blood purification therapy to remove pathogenic substances. The initial biodegradation behaviors, the initial cell-material interaction and the protein adsorption properties of nano-apatite must depend on the microstructure. The purpose of this study is the preparation of nano-apatite particles and their structural characterization by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The nano-apatite particles were prepared by precipitation processing method, and the effects of magnesium ions on the precipitation of calcium phosphate were examined, because Mg ions are well-known to play a role of inhibition of crystal growth. The addition of Mg ions led to the precipitation of nano-meter scale Ca-deficient apatite crystals having 1.33-1.63 of the molar ratio (Mg+Ca)/P. NMR analyses showed that the microstructure of Mg•HAp particles can be explained by a crystalline HAp core covered with a thin amorphous hydrated calcium phosphate layer.

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  • USE OF INTER-FIBRIL SPACES AMONG ELECTROSPUN FIBRILS AS ION-FIXATION AND NANO-CRYSTALLIZATION

    Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuri Nakamura, Hiroki Yoshihara, Akiyoshi Osaka, Artemis Stamboulis

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS VII   35   33 - 38   2015

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    When solution of a polymer with some inorganic ions is electrospun, the polymer fibrils will be elongated within the spinning direction and those ions are held in the inter-fibril spaces. When those electrospun fibers are calcined, ceramic fibers will be obtained. The present study has attempted to employ such spaces formed in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as nano- or micro-reactor spaces for precipitation of nano-crystalline particles. Exposing the spun PVA mats to ammonia vapor fixed metal ions in the form of hydroxide and, induced apatitic calcium phosphate crystallites when the precursor solution involved calcium and hydrogen orthophosphate ions.

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  • Preparation of α-Tricalcium Phosphate Powders Surface-modified with Inositol Phosphate for Cement Fabrication

    Toshiisa Konishi, Michiyo Honda, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Mamoru Aizawa

    Key Engineering Materials   631   113 - 118   2015

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    We have previously developed biodegradable β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) cement based on the chelate-setting mechanism of inositol phosphate (IP6). The β-TCP cement powder for the cement fabrication was prepared via a novel powder preparation process, in which the starting β-TCP powders were prepared by simultaneous ball-milling and surface-modification in the IP6 solution. In the present study, the novel powder preparation process was applied to an α-TCP powder, and effect of milling time and beads size for ball-milling on the material properties of the a-TCP powders was investigated. The α-TCP powder ball-milled in 1000 ppm IP6 solution for 4 h with 2 mm-diameter beads was composed of single phase α-TCP with the smallest particle size of 2.2 um. Dissolution of 4 h-milled α-TCP powder was approximately twice higher than that of starting α-TCP powder before ball-milling. The α-TCP powder with high dissolution property prepared via the novel powder preparation process is potential candidate for fabrication of the chelate-setting cement.

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  • ジルコニア表面に対するリン酸モノマー処理の検討

    長岡 紀幸, 玉田 宜之, 入江 正郎, 吉原 久美子, 吉田 靖弘, 西川 悟郎, 丸尾 幸憲, 松本 卓也, 皆木 省吾, 早川 聡

    日本歯科理工学会誌   32 ( 5 )   354 - 354   2013.9

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  • Sol-Gel Preparation of Silica-Based Nano-Fibers for Biomédical Applications

    Song Chen, Hiroki Yoshihara, Nobutaka Hanagata, Yuki Shirosaki, Mark Blevins, Yuri Nakamura, Satoshi Hayakawa, Artemis Stamboulis, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Biomaterials Science: Processing, Properties and Applications III   242   55 - 62   2013.8

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    Silica nanotube sponges and solid silica fiber mats were fabricated using a collagen and electrospun poly(vinylalcohol) as the templates via the sol-gel route. In vitro reassembled collagen fibrils were treated in the Stöber sol-gel precursor mixture of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), ethanol, water, and ammonia to produce the silica-coated collagen fibrils. The electrospun PVA fiber mats were soaked in the Stöber type as well as acid-catalyzed silica oligomer sol from TEOS. Those were calcined to yield apparently silica nano- or micro-fibers, but transmission and scanning electron microscope observations showed that the Stöber sol treatment resulted in silica nano- or micro-fibers with hollow structure, or nanotubes (silica NTs), while the acid-catalyzed sol yielded solid fibrous mats.

    DOI: 10.1002/9781118751015.ch7

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  • UV-Irradiation modifies chemistry of anatase layer associated with in vitro apatite nucleation

    Keita Uetsuki, Shinsuke Nakai, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings   33   79 - 84   2013.4

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    Anatase layer was derived on pure titanium substrates by the H 2O2 treatment and calcination, on which UV was irradiated in air (UVa) and in ultra pure water (UVw). The effects of the UV irradiation on in vitro apatite formation in Kokubo&#039;s simulated body fluid were interpreted in terms of the modified chemistry of the anatase layer. The UVa treatment reduced apatite formation while the contrary effects were observed for the UVw treatment. From Ols X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis, those results were correlated to the change in the relative amount of Ti-OH (basic TiOH) and Ti-O(H)-Ti (acidic Ti-OH). Combining the XPS analysis and the apatite growth characteristics, i.e., the number and size of the semi-spherical particles and their surface-coverage, derived a plausible model: proper assembly of those sites (Ti-OH and Ti-O(H)-Ti) that collect both calcium and phosphate ions together should only give rise to induction of apatite nucleation.

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  • Heterogeneous structure of hydroxyapatite and in vitro degradability

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Christian Jäger

    Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings   33   49 - 56   2013.4

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    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles were synthesized by two processing methods such as solid-state reaction and wet chemical reaction, and were characterized in terms of their chemical composition, disordered structure and in vitro biodegradability. XRD revealed that the prepared HAp particles were composed of single phase HAp, while 1D and 2D solid-state NMR analysis showed that the prepared HAp particles consisted of not only crystalline HAp but also disordered phase. The in vitro biodegradability was discussed by using a structure model for nano-crystalline HAp, in which the nano-crystals consist of a crystalline HAp core covered with a disordered surface layer (core-shell model).

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  • Nerve regeneration by using of chitosan-silicate hybrid porous membranes

    Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, José D. Santos, Ana C. Maurício

    Key Engineering Materials   529-530 ( 1 )   361 - 364   2013

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    The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries is still one of the most challenging tasks in neurosurgery, as functional recovery is rarely satisfactory in these patients. The concept behind the use of biodegradable nerve guides is that no foreign material should be left in place after the device has fulfilled its task, so as to spare a second surgical intervention. In a previous study, flexible and biodegradable chitosan-γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) hybrid membranes exhibited better cytocompatibility in terms of osteoblastic cells than chitosan membrane. Porous chitosan hybrid membranes, derived by freeze-drying the hybrid gels, showed that the cells were attached and proliferated both on the surface and into pores. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of these chitosan hybrid membranes in terms of their inflammatory response and remodeling of connective tissue during wound-healing processes before use as a periphery nerve graft. The porous chitosan hybrid membranes showed good biocompatibility and improved posttraumatic axonal regrowth and functional recovery. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.529-530.361

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  • Heterogeneous structure of hydroxyapatite and in vitro biodegradability

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Christian Jäger

    Key Engineering Materials   529-530 ( 1 )   70 - 73   2013

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    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles were synthesized by solid-state reaction and wet chemical reaction, and were characterized in terms of their chemical composition, disordered structure and in vitro biodegradability. An X-ray diffraction study revealed that the prepared HAp particles were composed of single phase HAp, while 1D and 2D solid-state NMR analysis showed that they consisted of not only crystalline HAp but also a disordered phase. An in vitro biodegradability test showed that wet chemically derived HAp particles were degraded quicker than commercially available HAP-100. The in vitro biodegradability was discussed by using a structure model for nano-crystalline HAp, in which the nano-crystals consist of a crystalline HAp core covered with a disordered surface layer (core-shell model). Although the specific surface area was the predominant factor on the rate of Ca ion dissolution, the disordered surface layer enhanced the release of Ca ions in the initial stage within 1 min, while the crystalline core of HAp also gave different release rate of Ca ions, depending on the chemical distribution in the P (V) environment. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.529-530.70

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  • Sol-Gel Preparation of HAp-Coated Silica Macrospheres from Water Glass and Their Protein Adsorption

    Jie Li, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Artemis Stamboulis, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 24   529-530   637 - +   2013

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    Silica gel macrospheres of 2 similar to 4 mm in size, and wrapped with Ca-alginate chelate film were prepared as the substrate for hydroxyapatite coating layer, using water glass as the silica source. Those Ca-SiO2 macrospheres were soaked in a 1:1 (volume) mixture of ethanol and 0.1 M Na2HPO4 to deposit hydroxyapatite layer (HAp-SiO2 macrospheres). Adsorption of bovine serum albumin and egg lysozyme on those Ca-SiO2 and HAp-SiO2 macrospheres under physiological pH (7.2) was well correlated to the Langmuir-type adsorption equation. The electrostatic interactions between the protein molecules and those macrospheres well interpret the adsorption isotherms, while the mesopores in the Ca-SiO2 contributed to some extent. A multi-layer adsorption model was proposed.

    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.529-530.637

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  • In vitro cytocompatibility of microspheres derived from chitosan-silicate hybrids

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kohei Okamoto, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    2013 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MICRO-NANOMECHATRONICS AND HUMAN SCIENCE (MHS)   2013

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    Microsphere-based therapy is used to allow drug release to treat the critical site through the choice and formulation of variations drug-polymer combinations. They are also used to control the release of insoluble drug by the biodegradability of polymer. Chitosan is one of the candidates for the polymer matrix because their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Recently, we prepared and characterized the inorganic-organic hybrid derived from chitosan and siloxane units. This hybrid showed the excellent biocompatibility for the osteoblastic cells, fibroblastic cells, and nerve cells, etc. In this study, the microspheres were prepared from this hybrid using the microfluidic systems. The biodegradability, drug releasing behavior and cytocompatibility were investigated.

    DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2013.6710442

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  • Advanced Ceramic Science and Technology in the Western Pacific Rim Area Preface

    Akiyoshi Osaka, Yoko Suyama, Akira Kishimoto, Nobuhito Imanaka, Tokuro Nanba, Satoshi Hayakawa

    JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN   120 ( 1407 )   2012.11

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  • ジルコニアに対するリン酸モノマーの吸着特性

    玉田 宜之, 長岡 紀幸, 早川 聡, 入江 正郎, 西川 悟郎, 丸尾 幸憲, 吉田 靖弘, 松本 卓也, 尾坂 明義, 皆木 省吾

    日本歯科理工学会誌   31 ( 5 )   479 - 479   2012.9

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  • Preparation of chitosan hydrogel modified with silicate for the bone filling materials

    SHIROSAKI Yuki, NAKAMURA Yuri, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, FUJII Eiji, KAWABATA Koji, OSAKA Akiyoshi

    18 ( 2 )   216 - 216   2012.7

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  • Inorganic-Organic Sol-Gel Hybrids

    Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa

    Bio-Glasses: An Introduction   139 - 158   2012.5

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    DOI: 10.1002/9781118346457.ch10

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  • ジルコニア表面のリン酸モノマーによる有機化の検討

    玉田 宜之, 長岡 紀幸, 早川 聡, 入江 正郎, 西川 悟郎, 丸尾 幸憲, 吉田 靖弘, 松本 卓也, 尾坂 明義, 皆木 省吾

    日本歯科理工学会誌   31 ( 2 )   190 - 190   2012.3

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  • Structure of Vanadate Crystals and Glasses : Diversity and Strangeness

    New glass   27 ( 1 )   21 - 26   2012.3

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  • The effect of Si(IV) species derived from chitosan-silicate hydrogels on osteoblast behavior

    Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Key Engineering Materials   493-494   698 - 702   2012.1

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    Chitosan-GPTMS (γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) hybrid hydrogels were synthesized with β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) as the additive agent. Chitosan-GPTMS sols were fluid at room temperature and transformed to hydrogel at 36.5°C in several min. The gelation time of the hydrogels was shortened by the addition of GPTMS. From NMR experiments, this gelation behavior depended on some factors, namely, electrostatic interaction between the phosphate groups of β-GP and the amino groups of chitosan chains, crosslinking between the epoxy groups of GPTMS and the amino groups of chitosan, and polycondensation of the methoxy groups of GPTMS. The Si(IV) released from the hydrogels promoted the cell adhesion and ALP activity of osteoblastic cells MG63. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications.

    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.493-494.698

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  • Preparation of injectable hydroxyapatite/collagen nanocomposite artificial bone

    Akinori Kochi, Masanori Kikuchi, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Key Engineering Materials   493-494   689 - 692   2012

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    Injectable hydroxyapatite/collagen nanocomposite (HAp/Col) artificial bone was prepared utilizing gelation of sodium alginate (Na-Alg). Mass ratio of the HAp/Col powder, with or without Ca adsorption treatment and Na-Alg (80-120, 300-400, 500-600 cP in viscosity at 10 g/dm 3) was fixed at 90/10. Injectable HAp/Col was prepared by mixing the HAp/Col powder with Na-Alg solution at several powder (HAp/Col)/liquid (Na-Alg solution) ratios (P/L ratio, g/cm 3). The result of consistency measurement suggested that the operability of injectable HAp/Col paste could be controlled by both the P/L ratio and the viscosity of Na-Alg solution. According to the consistency measurement and practical feelings during mixing, P/L=1/1.67 (80-120 cP) and 1/1.89 (300-400, 500-600 cP) were considered to be the highest P/L ratio allowed to mix the HAp/Col paste with a spatula. At the P/L=1/2.33 (80-120 cP), the paste prepared with the non-treated HAp/Col powder, placed in an incubator (37 °C,relative humidity 100%) for 24h, demonstrated gellike property, while the paste prepared with Ca-treated HAp/Col powder did putty-like property. The difference in their property might be caused by the initial bonding behavior between Alg and Ca 2+ after mixing. The setting time measurement with Gillmore needle was impossible because they were toosoft for this method. Even though, their operability and coalescence/settingproperty could be used as the injectable bone filler. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications.

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  • Acceleration of apatite nucleation on parallel aligned Ti-substrates with optimum gaps by UV-light Pre-irradiation

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Keita Uetsuki, Akinori Kochi, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Key Engineering Materials   493-494   936 - 939   2012

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    A recently developed "GRAPE® technology" provides titanium or titanium alloy implants with spontaneous apatite-forming ability in vitro, which requires properly designed gaps and optimum heat treatment in air. In this study, pure titanium pieces were thermally oxidized in air and pre-irradiated by UV-light under different environmental conditions such as in air or in ultra-pure water before aligning pairs of specimens in the GRAPE® set-up, i.e., two pieces of titanium substrates were aligned parallel to each other with optimum gap width (spatial design). Then, they were soaked in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF, pH7.4, 36.5°C) for 1-2 days to clarify how the UV-light pre-irradiation affects the in vitro apatite nucleation on the substrates under the specific spatial design. UV-light pre-irradiation in water led to the deposition of a large number of apatite particles within 1 day, and showed apatite X-ray diffraction, although UV-light pre-irradiation in air and non-pretreated specimens gave the deposition of a few apatite particles and did not show any apatite X-ray diffraction. These results indicated that the rate of primary heterogeneous nucleation of apatite increased by UV-light pre-irradiation in ultra-pure water. TFXRD patterns of the surface of the substrates thermally oxidized in air at 500°C showed the peak at 2θ= 27° assignable to the 110 diffraction of rutile phase of titanium dioxide (ICDD-JCPDS data #21-1276). Previous studies reported that the primary heterogeneous nucleation must be induced by Ti-OH groups on titanium oxide layer. Probably, the UV-light pre-irradiation in ultra-pure water can increase the number of Ti-OH groups on the surface, resulting in accelerated primary heterogeneous nucleation of apatite. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications.

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  • 第28回日韓国際セラミックスセミナーとその周辺

    城崎由紀, 早川聡, 中村有里, 尾坂明義

    マテリアルインテグレーション   25 ( 2 )   9 - 12   2012

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  • Chitosan-silicate hybrids via sol-gel method for scaffold applications

    Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru

    Handbook of Chitosan Research and Applications   327 - 336   2011.2

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    Novel strategies for regenerating or reconstructing damaged bone tissues are of urgent necessity, because of limitations in conventional therapies for trauma, congenital defects, cancer, and other bone diseases. The tissue engineering approach to repair and regeneration is founded upon the use of biodegradable polymer scaffolds, which may manipulate bone cell functions, encourage the migration of bone cells from border areas to the defect site, and provide a source of inductive factors to support bone cell differentiation. During the past decades, scaffolds from natural biodegradable polymers such as collagen, gelatin, fibrin, and alginates, or synthetic biodegradable polymers such as polyglycolide, polylactides, and copolymers of glycolide with lactides have been extensively explored. On the other hand, it has been confirmed that the bonelike apatite layer, deposited spontaneously on the biomaterial surfaces, can enhance osteoconductivity. The presence of such bone-like apatite layers is also believed to be a prerequisite to conduction of osteogenic cells into various porous scaffolds or onto the surface of bioactive glasses. The formation of such bone-like apatite is favored by the cooperative behavior of a hydrated silica or titania gel surface with many Si-OH or Ti- OH groups, and calcium ions to be released into the body fluid when implanted. Thus, hybrid materials derived from the integration of biodegradable polymers with bioactive inorganic species may construct a new group of scaffolds appropriate for tissue engineering. Moreover, tissue engineering approach depends on the use of porous scaffolds that serve to support and reinforce the regenerating tissue. Controlled porous structures of these scaffolds allow cell attachment and migration, tissue generation, or vascularization. We have been studying the synthesis of novel chitosan-silicate hybrids derived from the integration of chitosan and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). We introduce some of the results on this hybrid for biomedical application. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

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  • Contrary effects of UV-irradiation on in vitro apatite-forming ability of TiO2 layer in simulated body fluid Reviewed

    Keita Uetsuki, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Bioceramics Development and Applications   1   2011.2

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  • Apatite nano-rods array grown on glass substrates in aqueous systems

    A. Osaka, Y. Shirosaki, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, E. Fujii, K. Kawabata

    Ceramic Transactions   228   83 - 88   2011.1

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    Fabrication of an assembly of nm-sized rods or wires of hydroxyapatite (HAp) would mimic the structure of dentin or enamel when they are tailored to align each other along a specific crystallographic axis. This study proposed new strategy for self-assembling one-dimensional HAp nano-rods with an organized superstructure. We prepared a nm-scale rod array of HAp having preferred orientation to the c-axis simply by soaking calcium-containing silicate glass substrates in aqueous Na2HPO4 solutions at 80°C for various periods, as inspired by the glass-apatite conversion procedure. Those HAp rods grew up perpendicularly to the glass surface, and the crystallites covered the glass entire surface uniformly, resulting in &quot;dental enamel-like&quot; rod array structure.

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  • PREPARATION AND PROTEIN ADSORPTION OF SILICA-BASED COMPOSITE PARTICLES FOR BLOOD PURIFICATION THERAPY

    Jie Li, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS IV   32   13 - 18   2011

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    Silica gel macrospheres of a few millimeters in diameter were fabricated via the sol-gel route using water glass, calcium chloride, and sodium alginate as the precursor components. TiO2 coating on the silica gel macrosphere surface was conducted by soaking them in titania sol derived from hydrolysis of tetraethylorthotitanate (TEOT) under varied pH (HNO3), and temperature (50 similar to 80 degrees C). X-ray diffraction analysis indicated deposition of anatase, and particular deposition (&lt;1 mu m) on the surface was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Protein adsorption behavior was examined as a function of pH of the hydrolysis of TEOT, using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LSZ) as the model proteins. BSA adsorption was little affected by the pH, while some effects were found for LSZ adsorption. BSA adsorption saturated at 20 similar to 25 min contact, while LSZ adsorption took longer time for the saturation. Moreover, BSA was adsorbed almost twice as much as LSZ, when saturation adsorption was compared. An effect of residual calcium ions with better affinity to BSA was proposed for partial interpretation since surface charge could not account for those adsorption behaviors.

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  • ガラスやガラスセラミックの生体安全性

    早川聡, 城﨑由紀, 都留寛治, 尾坂明義

    NEW GLASS   26 ( 4 )   16 - 20   2011

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  • Preparation of injectable artificial bone fabricated from hydroxyapatite/collagen nanocomposite

    Akinori Kochi, Masanori Kikuchi, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    World Journal of Engineering   1   585 - 586   2011

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  • 空間デザインと熱酸化による骨親和性の向上

    尾坂明義, 早川聡, 都留寛治, 城﨑由紀, 大槻主税, 杉野篤史, 藏本孝一

    セラミックス   46 ( 4 )   293 - 297   2011

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  • GRAPE® Technology or bone-like apatite deposition in narrow grooves

    A. Sugino, K. Uetsuki, K. Kuramoto, S. Hayakawa, Y. Shirosaki, A. Osaka, K. Tsuru, T. Nakano, C. Ohtsuki

    Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings   31   57 - 62   2010.12

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    Among several techniques proposed for fixing titanium bone implant in bone tissues by inducing apatite deposition on the implant surface, &quot;GRAPE® Technology&quot; is the simplest one, where optimum size of macro-grooving and heating in air are provided for pure titanium because samples with such grooves deposit apatite when soaked in an aqueous solution mimicking human blood plasma. The technique is needed to be confirmed by in vivo tests if it is effective for bone tissues, or if it is applicable to newly developed titanium alloy systems. In this study, the validity of GRAPE® Technology for a Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy was assessed with both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Here, alloy pieces with macro-grooves 500 μm in depth and 500 μm in width were heated at 500°C to induce thin titania layers on the surface. In vivo tests confirmed bone-ingrowth within 3 weeks in the samples with the macro-grooves but very less for those without the grooves. Those results indicated that GRAPE® Technology is effective for providing the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb-based implants with osteoconductivity.

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  • Surface modification of titanium implant: improvement of bioactivity of titania layer by UV light irradiation

    Titanium Japan   58 ( 2 )   146 - 150   2010.4

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  • 0932 GRAPE^[○!R] Technology : Novel technique for providing titaniumu-based artificial joint with osteoconductivity by spatial design

    SUGINO Atsushi, TSURU Kanji, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, SHIROSAKI Yuki, OHTSUKI Chikara, OSAKA Akiyoshi

    2009 ( 22 )   344 - 344   2010.1

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  • PREPARATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE NANOPARTICLES APPLYING THE MICRO CHEMICAL PROCESS

    Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Yoshiaki Nakazaki, Yuji Tanizawa, Akihiro Matsumoto, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES   218   185 - +   2010

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    A micro-chemical process was applied to prepare nanometer-size hydroxyapatite (HA) particles with various shapes and sizes so as to provide high surface activities, where solutions of reagent-grade calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate were introduced in a micro reactor. The particles were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, or inductively coupled plasma photometry. Particle size and shape were dependent on not only pH and concentration of the mixing solutions but also the flow rate. Dilute solutions containing 3 mM Ca(II) and 5 mM P(V) yielded spherical HA particles, whose average particle size increased from about 3 nm to 40 nm as the flow rate increased from 0.3 to 3 ml.min(-1), where pH and the temperature of the reaction system were respectively maintained at 10 and at 40 degrees C. Concentrated solutions with 50 mM Ca(II) and 30 mM P(V) yielded rectangular plate-like HA particles, 300 am long and 50 nm wide, when pH was kept at 8, while agglomerations of smaller HA particles of about 20-50 am were obtained when pH was kept at 10.

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  • CELL PROLIFERATION ON NANO-STRUCTURED TITANIUM OXIDE LAYER PREPARED ON TITANIUM SUBSTRATES

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Koji Kawanishi, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES   218   205 - 212   2010

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    Effects of nanometer-scale surface roughness of titanium oxide layer on the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like cell were examined. The nano-structured titanium oxide layer was prepared on titanium substrates by chemical treatment and heat-treatment. The anatase or rutile phase of titanium oxide was formed on the titanium substrates. The surface roughness of titanium oxide layer depended on the chemical treatment time or the heat-treatment time. The average roughness (Sa) was controlled in the range from 10 to 70 nm. The cell metabolic activity increased on the substrate with limited surface roughness. It is found that cell proliferation is affected by nanometer-scale surface roughness of titanium oxide layer.

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  • ONE-STEP PREPARATION OF ORGANOSILOXANE-DERIVED SILICA PARTICLES

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akihiro Matsumoto, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Kanji Tsuru

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS II   30 ( 6 )   3 - +   2010

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    Silica particles and their derivatives with meso-structure attracted much attention, but they were synthesized through complicated multi-step procedure. Considering biomedical application, no surfactants, used in almost all cases above, should be employable due to fear of their toxicity. The present study explored one-step sol-gel preparation of silica particles with biomedical functionalities, starting from Stober-type systems, and characterized by Transmission Electron Micrograph or Si-29 MAS NMR spectroscopy. The Ca-containing particles, derived from the precursor system tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-H2O-C2H5OH (EtOH)-CaCl2-NH4OH, consisted of primary particles of similar to 10 nm, and were spherical in shape with the diameter of similar to 1000 run, where Ca bridged Si-O- on the opposite particle surface. In contrast, the Ca-free particles were smaller with 400 similar to 500 nm in size due to the absence of such bridging effects. In addition, the Ca-containing ones deposited petal-like apatite within one week in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), which was interpreted in terms of the Ca release from the particles. Amino-modified silica particles were derived from the sol-gel precursor system aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-TEOS-H2O-EtOH where APTES behaved not only as the catalyst but also a reactant; i.e., this was a self-catalyzed sol-gel system. Hydrogen bonding among the amino group of APTES on one particle surface and with Si-O- on the other was suggested to work in agglomeration of the primary particles. Bovine serum albumin was covalently fixed on the APTES-silica surface, suggesting their applicability of proteins or other growth factor delivery.

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  • SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WET CHEMICALLY DERIVED MAGNETITE-HAP HYBRID NANOPARTICLES

    S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, A. Matsumoto, A. Osaka, E. Fujii, K. Kawabata

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS II   30 ( 6 )   105 - +   2010

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    A new type of hyperthermia or magnetic resonance imaging materials with bone-bonding ability was explored within the framework of magnetic-bone mineral composite ceramics. That is, hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles, hybridized with ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) ions (Fe(II) and Fe(III)), were synthesized through the wet chemical procedure, and characterized in terms of crystal structures, magnetic properties and protein adsorption properties. The as-synthesized particles derived from precursor solutions with FeCl2 consisted of hydroxyapatite (JCPDS 09-0432) (20-30 nm in size) and magnetite (JCPDS 19-0629) (2-5 nm in size). They showed super-paramagnetic behavior, yet their saturation magnetization increased with the content of Fe(II) in the solutions up to 4.3 emu/g. From TEM observations, the HAp particles were rod-like, by which the magnetite particles that seemed spherical rather than showing cubic morphology, were surrounded. The particles from the solutions with Fe(III) gave only HAp, and hence Fe(III) was considered to form an amorphous phase.. Moreover, Fe(III) incorporation suppressed HAp crystal growth.

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  • 105 GRAPE^<[○!R]> Technology : Spatial design and thermal treatment provide titanium with osteocompatibility

    SUGINO Atsushi, DOI Kenji, KURAMOTO Koichi, TSURU Kanji, OHTSUKI Chikara, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, SHIROSAKI Yuki, OSAKA Akiyoshi

    59   9 - 10   2010

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  • In vitro cytocompatibility of injectable chitosan-silicate hydrogel

    Yuki Shirosaki, Masashi Hirai, Satoshi Hayakawa, Maria A. Lopes, José D. Santos, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of Bio Ceramics Research   10   14 - 17   2010

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  • Effect of UV-irradiation environment on induction time for apatite nucleation on TiO2 layer

    Keita Uetsuki, Shinsuke Nakai, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of Bio Ceramics Research   10   50 - 53   2010

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  • チタン系インプラントの表面改質—酸化チタン層への紫外線照射による生体親和性の向上

    早川聡, 尾坂明義, 城﨑由紀

    チタン   58 ( 2 )   54 - 56   2010

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  • リン酸エステル系機能性モノマーによる歯質接着界面の形成メカニズムの解明

    吉原 久美子, 早川 聡, 長岡 紀幸, 吉田 靖弘, 鈴木 一臣, 皆木 省吾

    歯科材料・器械   28 ( 2 )   51 - 51   2009.3

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    DOI: 10.14832/gsjsdmd.2009s.0.39.0

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  • A Novel Method of Preparing a Nano-meter Rod Array of Hydroxyapatite Crystals

    S. HayakawaY. LiY, ShirosakiA, OsakaE, FujiiK. Kawabata

    Bioceramics   22   89 - 92   2009

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  • 医用金属チタンの生体親和性の制御

    早川 聡, 城﨑由紀, 尾坂明義

    未来材料(株)エヌ・ティー・エス   9 ( 5 )   38 - 44   2009

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  • Viscoelastic Property of collagen gels with aligned fibril structure

    Y. LiN, Hirota, M.Okuda, S.Chen, M.Tagaya, Y.Shirosaki, S.Hayakawa, A.Osaka, N.Hanagata, T. Ikoma

    Bioceramics   22   661 - 664   2009

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  • A NMR Investigation of Borate Incorporation in Apatitic Biomaterials

    S. Barheine, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, C. Jaeger

    BIOCERAMICS 21   396-398   205 - 208   2009

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    The incorporation of ions in the lattice of hydroxyapatite alters significantly its structure. Particularly, if anions such as trigonal borate units are accommodated in the lattice severe distortions must occur around the substitution site because of different geometric shape, electric charge and anion size. Solid-state NMR has been used to investigate this problem in detail for a hydroxyapatite sample synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction. The results clearly verify the existence of network distortions. Indeed, only about 1/3 of the total phosphate content forms crystalline hydroxyapatite (also found in XRD) whereas the residual amount is contained in two different phosphate sites with 31 p chemical shifts of 5.5 ppm and 2.3 ppm, but broad resonances lines suggesting disorder. Furthermore, a novel proton signal at -0.6 ppm was found which is directly associated with the borate incorporation. No specific correlation of the two structurally different berate units with the two phosphate groups is found.

    DOI: 10.4028/0-87849-353-0.205

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  • Effect of Si(IV) released from chitosan-silicate hybrids on proliferation and differentiation of MG63 osteoblastic cells

    Y. Shirosaki, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, Y. NakamuraI, R. Gibson, A. Osaka

    Bioceramics   22   217 - 220   2009

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  • Apatite-forming ability on spatial design enhanced by autoclaving

    Yoko Nakao, Atsushi Sugino, Kanji Tsuru, Keita Uetsuki, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of Bio Ceramics Research   9   387 - 390   2009

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  • ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION HAD LIMITED EFFECTS ON ENHANCING IN VITRO APATITE FORMATION ON SOL-GEL DERIVED TITANIA FILMS Reviewed

    Akiyoshi Osaka, Tetsuya Shozui, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS   29 ( 7 )   199 - 210   2009

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    As UV irradiation on titania causes several effects, such as decomposing organic substances and attaining super-hydrophilic surfaces. the present study explored the UV irradiation effects on apatite deposition on titania gel films (anatase) that were developed on a few substrates: pure titanium (Ti), stainless-steel (SUS316L), alumina (Al(2)O(3)) and glass slide (GS). Those substrates were dip-coated with a precursor sot (Ti(OC(2)H(5))(4) : C(2)H(5)OH : H(2)O : HNO(3) = 1 : 50 : 2 : 0.2) and heated at 500 degrees C for 10 min before irradiated with UV light (365 nm, 170 mW/cm(2)) in air for 1 h. They were subsequently soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF. Kokubo solution) and their in vitro apatite formation was evaluated by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron micrograph. It was found that the UV irradiation enhanced apatite formation on the titania gel film on Ti and SUS by shortening the induction time. However, least effects were found for the titania gel films on Al(2)O(3) and GS as they did not deposit apatite within 7 days, even with the UV irradiation. These results indicated that UV irradiation had limited effects to enhance in vitro apatite formation on the titania films, i.e., it depended on the substrates.

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  • PREPARATION AND BIOMINERALIZATION OF SILICA-BASED ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID HOLLOW NANOPARTICLES FOR BONE TISSUE GENERATION Reviewed

    Song Chen, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND POROUS CERAMICS   29 ( 7 )   19 - 26   2009

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    Novel bioactive silica-based organic-inorganic hollow hybrid particles involving Ca(2+) ions for stimulating and inducing bone generation were prepared via a templating synthesis route. The solid hybrid nanoparticles were first derived from the core-silica particles and natural polymer shell layers that were composed of chitosan and calcium alginate. They were then soaked in a concentrated NaOH solution and subjected to controlled dissolution of the core-silica, which led to yielding the hollow hybrid particles. The resultant particles were spherical in shape, with the porous surface. The polymer shells suppressed the dissolution behavior of the core-silica, and thus a partially void structure was formed inside the hybrid particles. An Energy Dispersion Spectroscopic analysis indicated that the polymer shells retained much silica and offered a matrix to maintain the spherical shape of the partially hollow particles. When soaked in the Kokubo&apos;s simulated body fluid (SBF), the hollow particles deposited apatite crystals within one week, that is, they exhibited strong bioactivity. In contrast, it took one month or longer for the apatite to be deposited on the naked silica particles without the polymer shell coatings layers. Thus, Ca in the hollow particles significantly accelerated apatite formation. Therefore, the present organic-inorganic hollow particles could be a promising candidate for bone regeneration drug or factor carriers.

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  • Nerve regeneration guided by chitosan hybrid membranes

    Yuki Shirosaki, Maria A. Lopes, José D. Santos, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Ana C. Maurício, Stefano Geuna

    Archives of Bio Ceramics Research   9   147 - 150   2009

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  • GRAPE® technology improves apatite-formation on thermally derived titania layer

    Atsushi Sugino, Keita Uetsuki, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Chikara Ohtsuki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of Bio Ceramics Research   9   175 - 178   2009

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  • Study of biomaterials by solid-state NMR: HAp layer on active bioglass

    F. Pourpoint, C. Bonhomme, C. Gervais, G. Gasqueres, A. J. Salinas, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008   2   865   2008.12

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  • Preparation, characterization and biological assessment of bioactive and mesoporous silica nanoparticle coatings for bone regeneration

    Song Chen, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    A Global Road Map for Ceramic Materials and Technologies: Forecasting the Future of Ceramics, International Ceramic Federation - 2nd International Congress on Ceramics, ICC 2008, Final Programme   2008.12

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    Bioactive porous silica particle coatings were fabricated on the stainless steel substrates as bone repairing implants to enhance the apatite deposition. The particles were prepared from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) via the sol-gel method and then calcined at 600°C for 2 h to produce the porous structure. Subsequently, the clean substrates were sequentially soaked in the chitosan, silica and calcium alginate solutions to obtain the chitosan/silica/calcium alginate coatings via the charged layer-by-layer deposition technique. The treated substrates deposited bioactive apatite when soaked in the Kokubo&#039;s simulated body fluid (SBF) and exhibited bioactivity. Thus, such bioactive porous silica coatings are applicable to the reservoirs for storing and releasing the bone factors.

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  • Preparation of silica-natural polymer hybrid nanoparticles for clinical applications

    Song Chen, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Lei Ren, Qiqing Zhang, Akiyoshi Osaka

    8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008   1   338   2008.12

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  • Structure of substituted hydroxyapatite: The solid state nmr (nuclear magnetic resonance) point of view.

    C. Bonhomme, F. Babonneau, C. Gervais, F. Pourpoint, G. Gasqueres, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008   2   920   2008.12

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    We have shown that the combination of advanced solid state NMR experiments [7] and ab initio calculations of NMR parameters can lead to a novel description of substituted HAp structures. In the case of silicate substitution, the anions located within the structure are unambiguously characterized by selective 1H → 29Si CP transfer and 31P → 29Si experiments can edit the 29Si MAS spectra in terms of 31P/29Si dipolar interaction. 2D heteronuclear interactions will be performed in a near future. In the case of carbonate substituted HAp, the study of the 1H → 13C dynamics allowed to fully characterize the various 13C sites. By combining NMR calculations starting from DFT models and experiments, distributions of A-, B- and A/B sites were clearly characterized.

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  • Formation of nano- and micrometer-scale hydroxyapatite rod array structure on ca-containing glass

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Hiroshi Kazama, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata

    8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008   1   134   2008.12

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    Nano- and micrometer-scale rod array structure of HAp having preferred orientation was successfully prepared by soaking calcium-containing borosilicate glass substrates in Na2HPO4 aqueous solution at 80°C for 7 days. Nano-scale HAp rods grew up perpendicularly to the glass surface, and the crystallites were arranged on the glass entire surface uniformly with preferred orientation to the c-axis.

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  • Solid state NMR highlights local structures of OXO-anions in hydroxyapatite lattice

    A. Osaka, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, T. Kanaya, E. Fujii, K. Kawabata, G. Gasqueres, C. Bonhomme, F. Babonneau, C. Jäger

    A Global Road Map for Ceramic Materials and Technologies: Forecasting the Future of Ceramics, International Ceramic Federation - 2nd International Congress on Ceramics, ICC 2008, Final Programme   2008.12

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    Carbonate- and Si-involving hydroxyapatite (C-HA, Si-HA) as well as hydroxyapatite (HAp) was prepared through wet chemical processes. Magic angle Spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy was applied together with Cross-Polarization (CP) techniques to study chemical environments around the guest oxo-anions. C-HA involved at least four carbonate sites, but the one for ∼168 ppm was left unassigned. In Si-HA, only Q0 (SiO44-) replaced the phosphate ion site but other Si atoms were polymerized and present on the surface or in the grain boundary of the Si-HA particles. The 31P MAS and CP-MAS spectra indicated the absence of HPO42- in the lattice, and suggested the presence of an amorphous phosphate phase on the particle surface.

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  • Si-eluting gelatin -silicate hybrid scaffolds inspired by bioactive glasses

    K. Tsuru, Z. Robertson, B. Annaz, I. R. Gibson, S. M. Best, Y. Shirosaki, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008   1   305   2008.12

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  • Spatial design of titanium implant intended to enhance osteoconductivity

    TSURU K., SUGINO A., HAYAKAWA S., OHTSUKI C., ISHIKAWA K., OSAKA A.

    Journal of the Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices   27 ( 5 )   341 - 341   2008.9

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  • Gap effect on the heterogeneous nucleation of apatite on thermally oxidized titanium substrate

    Atsushi Sugino, Keita Jetsuki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Chikara Ohtsuki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   621 - +   2008

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    Apatite formation on the surface of materials in body environment is an essential condition to show osteoconduction after implantation in bony defects. This study reports the novel technique for providing the apatite-forming ability to titanium metals by only controlling the spatial gap and thermal oxidation. Two pieces of titanium thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C were set together like Wetter with varied mouth opening. They showed the formation of apatite on both facing surface after exposure to a simulated body fluid (SBF) proposed by Kokubo and his colleagues, when the gap was less than approximately 600 mu m. Moreover, specimens with micro-grooves of 500 mu m in depth and 200-1000 mu m in width was able to form apatite in SBF with in 7 days, after they were thermally oxidized at 400 degrees C. These results indicated that the titanium metals were provided with apatite-forming ability, i.e. osteoconduction, due to controlled gap with thermally oxidized surface. Hence, we conclude that bioactive titanium substrate showing osteoconduction can be produced by designed machining followed by thermal oxidation at an appropriate temperature.

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  • Cell proliferation and tissue compatibility of organic-inorganic hybrid materials

    Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Key Engineering Materials   377   167 - 180   2008

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    Sol-gel preparation of few organic-inorganic hybrids have been reviewed briefly as well as their behaviors under contact with blood plasma using a simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Kokubo recipe mimicking plasma. The starting resources of the hybrids included not only such silanes as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and titanium tetra-isopropoxide, but gelatin and chitosan. Apatite deposition in SBF was examined for the solid hybrids or membranes, and cell compatibility was assessed on proliferating osteoblastic cells (MC3T3E1, MG63). In addition, 3-dimensional interconnected pore structure was established for those hybrids, for which the possibility for scaffold and bioreactor applications was examined in terms of cell proliferation of human hepatocytes or keratinocytes. Gelatin-GPTMS and PDMS-TEOS scaffolds were implanted in brain defects to see no inflammation. Nerve cell tissue regeneration was observed, which was enhanced by the impregnation of growth factors, like bFGF and VEGF. With observing those empirical data, the silane based organic-inorganic hybrids have been considered very promising for tissue regeneration scaffolds. © 2008 Trans Tech Publications.

    DOI: 10.4028/0-87849-395-6.167

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  • The microstructure of bioceramics and its analysis

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Bioceramics and their Clinical Applications   53 - 77   2008

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    DOI: 10.1533/9781845694227.1.53

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  • Hybrid chitosan membranes tested in sheep for guided tissue regeneration

    P. P. Cortez, Y. Shirosaki, C. M. Botelho, M. J. Simoes, F. Gartner, R. M. Gil da Costa, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, M. A. Lopes, J. D. Santos, A. C. Mauricio

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   1265 - +   2008

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    Previous in vitro studies confirmed an improved cytocompatibility of chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes over chitosan membranes. The main goal of this study was to assess the in vivo histocompatibility of both membranes through subcutaneous implantations at different time periods.. I week, 1, 2 and 3 months, using a sheep model. Chitosan membranes elicited an exuberant inflammatory response and were consequently rejected. The hybrid chitosan membranes were not rejected and the degree of inflammatory response decreased gradually until the third month of implantation. Histological evaluation also showed that these membranes can be resorbed in vivo. This study demonstrates that the incorporation of silicate into the chitosan solution improves its histocompatibility, indicating that the hybrid chitosan-silicate membranes are suitable candidates to be used in clinical applications.

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  • Biodegradable chitosan-silicate porous hybrids for drug delivery

    Y. Shirosaki, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   1219 - +   2008

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    Porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were prepared by freeze-drying the precursor sol solutions synthesized from chitosan and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Degradability of and the release of cytochrome C in to phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS) were examined as a function of the GPTMS content. The hybrids were less degradable with larger GPTMS contents, and the cytochrome C release profile was so controllable as to give either burst release or slow one due to the GPTMS content. Thus, the present porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were considered applicable to drug delivery systems.

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  • Sol-gel synthesis and in vitro cell compatibility analysis of silicate-containing biodegradable hybrid gels

    K. Tsuru, Z. Robertson, B. Annaz, I. R. Gibson, S. M. Best, Y. Shirosaki, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   447 - +   2008

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    Novel hybrid gels in the system gelatin-GPTMS-TEOS were prepared via a sol-gel route, and their ability to release Si(IV) was examined using MG63 osteoblast-like cell culture. The amount of Si released and the release rate were controllable by changing the mixing ratio of GPTMS and TEOS. In addition, the hybrids had biocompatible surfaces. It is expected that the hybrids will be utilized for the investigation of the effect of Si on cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.

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  • Preparation and characterization of boron-containing hydroxyapatite

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Akihito Sakai, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Christian Jaeger

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   191 - +   2008

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    Boron-containing hydroxyapatite (BHAp) particles were synthesized by the wet chemical processing method and subsequent thermal treatment at the temperature ranging from 700-1200 degrees C, and examined the effect of boron introduction on the microstructure of BHAp. The local structure around boron and phosphorus in the BHAp was analyzed by solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The heat-treatment above 700 degrees C induced the thermal decomposition of HAp to beta-TCP and then the chemical reaction between HAp and B(OH)3 was induced above 900 degrees C, resulting in the formation of boron-substituted HAp particles accompanied by the formation of beta-TCP and its transformation to alpha-TCP above 1200 degrees C.

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  • 生体用結晶化ガラス

    尾坂 明義, 早川 聡, 都留, 寛治, 城﨑 由紀

    セラミックス   43 ( 12 )   1055 - 1061   2008

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  • Structure and in vitro solubility of silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite

    Tomoko Kanaya, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Georgiana Gasqueresc, Christian Bonhornme, Florence Babonneau

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   63 - +   2008

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    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Si-containing hydroxyapatite (SiHAp) particles were of synthesized by a wet chemical method. Local structures around Si, P and H in the hydroxyapatites were analyzed by solid-state magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In vitro solubility of those SiHAp particles was evaluated by soaking them in acetic acid/acetate buffer IF solution (pH=4.0) at 36.5 degrees C. As the Si content increased, the in vitro solubility of the SiHAp particles increased, while their crystallite size changed little.

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  • Synthesis and characterization of Mg-containing nano-apatite

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kanji Tsuru, Eiji Fujiid, Kouji Kawabata, Kanae Ando, Christian Bonhomme, Florence Babonneau

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   47 - +   2008

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    Nano-crystalline Mg-containing hydroxyapatite (Mg.HAp) were prepared by a wet chemical method, for which selective adsorption of proteins was examined, taking bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a pathogenic protein beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG) as the model proteins. Increase in the Mg content led to smaller crystallites and larger specific surface area (SA) of Mg.HAps as well as zeta potential, while the amount both of BSA and beta(2)-MG adsorption on Mg.HAp particles. It is thus concluded that the adsorption of BSA and beta(2)-MG on Mg.HAp was associated with surface charges.

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  • Enhanced in vitro apatite-forming ability of sol-gel derived titania films by ultraviolet irradiation

    T. Shozui, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 20, PTS 1 AND 2   361-363   601 - 604   2008

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    Ultraviolet (UV) light was irradiated in air for 1 h on titania (anatase) films sol-gel derived on Ti, stainless steel, alumina, and glass slide substrates, coded as C5Ti, C5SUS, C5Al(2)O(3) and C5GS, respectively. They were then soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo solution) and their apatite-forming ability (bioactivity) was evaluated. UV light irradiated C5SUS deposited bone-like apatite within 7 days whereas C5SUS did not within 7 days. Moreover, the apatite was deposited faster on UV light irradiated C5Ti than on C5Ti without UV light irradiation, whereas UV light irradiated C5GS, C5Al(2)O(3) and C5GS did not apatite within 7 days. Therefore, the ultraviolet light irradiation was confirmed to enhance in vitro apatite-forming ability of the sol-gel derived titania films on various substrates, but the effect depended on substrates.

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  • UV irradiation enhanced in vitro apatite-forming ability of the sol-gel derived titania on Ti, SUS, alumina, and Na-Ca glass substrates

    Tetsuya Shozui, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archieves of Bio Ceramics Research   8   85 - 88   2008

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  • Solid state NMR characterization of nano-crystalline hydroxy-carbonate apatite using 1H-31P-13C triple resonance experiments

    Florence Babonneau, Christian Bonhomme, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings   984   39 - 44   2007.12

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    The local structure around hydrogen atoms, phosphate ions and carbonate ions in nano-crystalline nonstoichiometric hydroxy-carbonate apatite was investigated in this study. The use of C enriched precursors allowed to perform 1D and 2D CP MAS HETCOR (HETeronuclear CORrelation) experiments with 13C as a target spin. 2D triple resonance experiments involving the 1H/13C/31P spins were also performed. All these experiments led to the partial editing of the corresponding projection spectra and revealed fine structural details for the corresponding material. At least four 13C peaks, corresponding to carbonate ions in A-sites (OH) and B-sites (PO43-) were evidenced. © 2007 Materials Research Society.

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  • Apatite deposition in simulated body fluid on rutile and anatase type titania derived from hydrolysis of titaniumoxysulfate

    Sulphuric acid and industry.   60 ( 3 )   44 - 50   2007.3

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  • Medical Applications of Hybrid Materials

    Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications   301 - 335   2007.2

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    DOI: 10.1002/9783527610495.ch8

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  • より豊かな生活に貢献する医療技術に関する研究 歯周炎と人工歯根周囲炎に罹患した歯周組織再生のための局所的遺伝子・細胞治療用人工素材の開発

    高柴 正悟, 鈴木 一臣, 尾坂 明義, 早川 聡, 明貝 文夫

    医科学応用研究財団研究報告   24   74 - 79   2007.2

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    臨床応用可能な歯周組織再生のための人工素材を開発するため、新規の歯周組織再生素材を開発し、その組織再生誘導能をin vitroおよびin vivoの実験系で検証し、抗菌物質の適応によって口腔内の細菌感染のコントロールを評価した。MC3T3-E1細胞の増殖能は、CAの濃度依存的に有意に抑制された。低濃度のヒドロキシアパタイト(HA)および歯科用骨補填材ボーンジェクト(BJ)は細胞を刺激しない場合と比較して、有意に細胞増殖活性を亢進し、高濃度のHAおよびBJの添加によって細胞増殖活性の程度に有意な変化はなかった。SDラットの口蓋骨欠損部にCAを填人した後、2週間経過したラット口蓋骨欠損部の新生骨形成量は、BJを填入した群と比較して明らかに増加傾向を示した。hb42を唾液腺に遺伝子導入したラットの口腔内細菌量は、対照ラットと比較して有意に減少した。

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  • 異分野融合のためのバイオマテリアルの基礎PART3 分析:セラミックバイオマテリアルのキャラクタリゼーション

    早川 聡, 都留寛治, 尾坂明義

    バイオマテリアル-生体材料   25 ( 6 )   383 - 392   2007

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  • HYDROXYAPATITE HYBRIDIZED WITH METAL OXIDES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

    Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Koji Kawabata, Hideyuki Yoshimatsu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Christian Bonhomme, Florence Babonneau

    ADVANCES IN BIOCERAMICS AND BIOCOMPOSITES II   27 ( 6 )   39 - +   2007

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    Zn-substituted apatites with homogeneous Zn distribution in the particles (Zn center dot HAp) and those with graded distribution (Zn/HAp) were prepared via a conventional wet chemical synthesis and soaking the Zn-free apatite particles in zinc nitrate solutions X-ray photoelectron spectra of the apatites confirmed such Zn distribution Physical and chemical properties such as particle size, specific surface area, or zeta-potential and were correlated to adsorption of beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) Adsorption of beta(2)-MG on both apatites increased with the Zn content, whereas more beta(2)-MG was adsorbed on Zn/HAp than on Zn center dot HAp The amount of BSA adsorbed on Zn center dot HAp reached a maximum at about 1 5%, while it remained constant for Zn/HAp From the results It was suggested that Zn-substituted sites had better affinity against beta(2)-MG and favored beta(2)-MG adsorption Surface charge on the particles was one of the factors to explain the suppressed adsorption of BSA by both apatites

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  • In vitro apatite-forming ability of titania fims depends on their substrates

    T. Shozui, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 19, PTS 1 AND 2   330-332   633 - +   2007

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    Titania films were coated by means of sol-gel method on various substrates such as titanium, titanium alloy, silicon wafer, stain less-stee 1, alumina, and glass slide where they coded as C5Ti, C5Ti6Al4V, C5Si, C5SUS, C5Al(2)O(3) and C5GS, respectively. Their in vilro apatite-forming ability was examined with the Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF; pH 7.4, 36.5 degrees C). C5Ti, C5Ti6Al4V and C5Si deposited apatite particles on their surface within 7 days, whereas, C5SUS, C5Al(2)O(3) and C5GS did not. These results implied that the in vitro apatite-forming ability of the titania films indirectly depended on the chemical or physical properties of the Substrates.

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  • Bonelike apatite formation on synthetic organic polymers and fiber coated with titania

    Jin-Fang Liu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, J. Z. Jiang, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 19, PTS 1 AND 2   330-332   679 - +   2007

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    Rutile films were deposited on polyethylene terephatalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Silicone, poly6-caprolactam (Nylon6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (Nylon6,6) and Nylon fiber substrates using 0.03 M TiOSO4 and 0.03 M H2O2 aqueous solution at 80 degrees C for 24 h. The rutile films exhibited excellent in vitro bioactivity as they induced apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid (SBF).

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  • Cell proliferation on Titania layer with in vitro apatite forming ability

    S. Yabe, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, Y. Yoshida, K. Suzuki, T. Kuboki

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 19, PTS 1 AND 2   330-332   131 - +   2007

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    Titania layer was fabricated on the titanium substrates with chemical treatment with 20ml or 40ml of hydrogen peroxide solution and subsequent heat treatment at 400 degrees C, coded as CHT20 and CHT40, respectively. CHT20 spontaneously deposited apatite on the surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF), while CHT40 did not. TF-XRD patterns showed that the diffraction intensity of anatase of CHT20 was higher than that of CHT40. It was suggested that the thicker titania layer indicated in vitro apatite forming ability. The cell proliferation of CHT20 and CHT40 were lower than NT and HT. Since the surface of titania layers became hydrophobic after autoclaving, we can suppose that the cell proliferation on CHT20 and CHT40 were lower than NT and HT due to their surface hydrophobicity.

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  • Preparation of hydroxyapatite/titania double layer coating on poly-l-lactide due to hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride

    Jin-Fang Liu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Kanji Tsuru, Jian-zhong Jiang, Akiyoshi Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 19, PTS 1 AND 2   330-332   687 - +   2007

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    Rutile films were deposited on poly-l-lactide (PLLA) substrates using 0.5 M titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution at 40 degrees C for 72 h. The rutile films exhibited excellent in vitro bioactivity as they induced apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid (SBF) within 3 days, This simple treatment provided an effective route to synthesize bioactive and biodegradable scaffolds.

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  • 生命機能と材料-生命機能マテリアル/生命現象マテリアル 生体セラミックスの骨組織結合性発現機序とこれに基づく医用材料設計

    尾坂明義, 早川 聡, 都留寛治

    マテリアルインテグレーション   20 ( 11 )   2 - 7   2007

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  • Microstructure and biomolecule adsorption property of hydroxyapatite modified with biologically active inorganic ions

    Materials integration   20 ( 11 )   78 - 83   2007

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  • Preparation of porous organically-modified silicate hybrids cell culture matrix

    K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, Y. Shirosaki, T. Okayama, K. Kataoka, N-H. Huh, A. Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 19, PTS 1 AND 2   330-332   1177 - +   2007

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    Porous & rubbery organic-inorganic hybrids were synthesized from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) through a sol-gel route using sieved sucruse granules as a porogen. The porous hybrids with a high content of PDMS behaved like polymer sponge. The porosity was over 90% irrespective of the hybrid composition and the pore diameter ranged from 100 to 500 mu m. In the three-dimensional cell culture, mammalien cells were well cultured in the porous hybrids. The present results indicate that the hybrids may be a promising scaffold for developing such functional culture methods.

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  • 異分野融合のためのバイオマテリアルの基礎PART3 導入:セラミックバイオマテリアルの特色

    尾坂明義, 早川 聡, 都留寛治

    バイオマテリアル-生体材料   25 ( 6 )   366 - 373   2007

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  • Direct deposition of a rutile layer on polymer substrates to induce bioactivity in vitro

    JM Wu, M Wang, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 18, PTS 1 AND 2   309-311   419 - 422   2006

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    Rutile films were deposited on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrates using 1.5 M titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution at 60 degrees C. The rutile films exhibited excellent in vitro bioactivity as they induced apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid (SBF) within 2 days. Chlorine incorporated in the rutile films did not inhibit apatite deposition.

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  • Characterization of sol-gel derived titania films on titanium and biomimetic apatite-formation

    T Shozui, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 18, PTS 1 AND 2   309-311   717 - 720   2006

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    Titania films with various thickness (about 100 nm to 300 nm) were prepared on titanium substrate by means of sol- gel method. Their surface energy was derived and in vitro apatite-forming ability was studied. The thickness of titania films of the sample coded C1, C3 and C5 was 98 nm, 204 nm, and 302 nm, respectively. Titania films of C5 showed smoother and more hydrophilic. The surface free energy of C5 was the highest of all. In vitro apatite-forming ability showed the titania films of C5,only. It was thus suggested that the titania films with more hydrophilic and higher surface free energy favored apatite-formation than those with smaller surface free energy.

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  • Selective protein adsorption property and structure of nano-crystalline hydroxy-carbonate apatite

    S Hayakawa, K Ohnishi, K Tsuru, A Osaka, E Fujii, K Kawabata, F Babonneau, C Bonhomme

    BIOCERAMICS 18, PTS 1 AND 2   309-311   503 - 506   2006

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    The selective protein adsorption property and the local structure around carbonate ions of nanocrystalline hydroxy-carbonate apatite were examined in this study. Considerable change in the selectivity in the adsorption of BSA and beta(2)-MG was observed due to the incorporation of the carbonate ions in hydroxyapatite lattice. Since the protein adsorption property seems to be related to the surface charge density of hydroxyapatite due to the carbonation, the chemical states of the incorporated carbonate ions were examined by the C-31 CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy. At least four peaks assignable to carbonate ions in A-site(OH-) and B-site(PO43-) were observed in C-13 CP-MAS NMR spectrum. Thus, we must take into consideration that the surface charge distribution and the decrement of polar groups such as OH- groups due to the distribution of carbonate ions in both A- and B-sites of the hydroxyapatite lattice are particularly favorable for beta(2)-MG adsorption rather than for BSA adsorption.

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  • In vitro bioactivity of hydrogen peroxide modified titanium: Effects of surface morphology and film thickness

    JM Wu, M Wang, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 18, PTS 1 AND 2   309-311   407 - 410   2006

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    Anatase films with various morphologies were formed on Ti surface through different approaches using hydrogen peroxide solutions. A porous anatase surface was found to favor apatite deposition in SBF, or in vitro bioactivity. Thicker films with wider crack gaps also showed enhanced in vitro bioactivity. However, the most predominant effect was the abundance of Ti-OH functional groups incorporated in the anatase films.

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  • 31P MAS-NMR studies of CaO-P2O5 glass ceramics

    AG Dias, MA Lopes, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, JD Santos, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 18, PTS 1 AND 2   309-311   301 - 304   2006

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    This work reports the structure of two glass ceramics prepared in the calcium phosphate system, MK5B and MT13B, using (31)p MAS-NMR technique. The results obtained showed that the network of MK5B consisted mainly of Q(1) and Q(2) groups. Besides these two groups, MT13B material also present Q(3) units. The Q(n) groups detected in both glass ceramics seem to be correlated to the crystalline phases present in their microstructure.

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  • SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOAPATITE CERAMICS POWDERS

    K. Ando, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, A. Osaka, E. Fujii, K. Kawabata, C. Bonhomme, F. Babonneau

    Proceedings of The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006   2006

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  • MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRIDS PREPARED FROM HEMA AND MPS

    T. Uchino, C. Ohtsuki, K. Kikuta, M. Kamitakahara, M. Tanihara, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proceedings of The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006   2006

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  • IN VITRO APATITE DEPOSITION ON MICRO-PATTERNED TITANIA LAYERS

    A. Kaeriyama, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proceedings of The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006   2006

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  • 表面プラズモン共鳴のためのリン酸カルシウムおよび各種金属センサーの開発

    吉田靖弘, 鈴木一臣, 尾坂明義, 早川聡, 石川邦夫, 岡崎正之, 平田伊佐雄

    中谷電子計測技術振興財団年報   ( 20 )   2006

  • 無機-有機ナノハイブリッドの微細構造と細胞適合性 (特集 セラミックスと細胞のナノインターフェイス制御)

    都留 寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂 明義

    バイオマテリアル   23 ( 5 )   353 - 359   2005.9

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    Other Link: http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2006012348

  • Structure and Cytocompatibility of Chitosan-silicate Hybrids

    TSURU K., SHIROSAKI Y., OKAYAMA T., HAYAKAWA S., OSAKA A.

    11 ( 2 )   112 - 113   2005.7

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  • In vitro biodegradability of chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membrane

    K Tsuru, Y Shirosaki, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, MA Lopes, JD Santos, MH Fernandes

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 17   284-286   823 - 826   2005

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    Chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes were prepared using gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) through a sol-gel process. The amino groups of chitosan chains were reacted with the epoxy groups of GPSM and GPSM have a function as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. The cross-linking degree of the hybrid membranes was determined by ninhydrin assay. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Si-29 cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS)-NMR spectroscopy were used to assess the structure of the hybrid membranes. The biodegradability of the hybrid membranes in phosphate-buffered saline solution or lysozyme solution was investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration.

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  • Conformational change of protein due to contact with bioceramic materials

    S Nagai, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 17   284-286   517 - 520   2005

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    The structural change of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analyzed by means of ultraviolet (UV) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy due to in contact with ceramics powders such as Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate. The absorbance of the UV spectra increased for the BSA solution in contact with TiO2, ZrO2 and Al2O3, that is, the BSA solution clouded. This indicated the aggregation of BSA after contact with those ceramics powders. The CD spectroscopy showed that the ordered secondary structure of BSA was diminished on contact with TiO2 and ZrO2. We discussed the protein adsorption property of ceramics on the basis of the magnitude of the interaction forces between proteins and the bioceramics.

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  • Blood compatibility of organic-inorganic biomedical materials

    A Osaka, T Yoshioka, T Yabuta, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 17   284-286   713 - 716   2005

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    Organic-inorganic hybrids involving Ti-O bonds were coated on stainless-steel (SUS316L) substrates. Tetraisopropoxide and titanium methacrylate triisopropoxide were employed as the major starting chemicals to provide TiO2-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers or organotitanium molecular thin layers, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that each layer contained Ti-O bonds in their structure. The obtained hybrid layers had little effects on the blood-clotting times such as active partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. In addition, the number of adhered platelet on the TiO2-PDMS layers depended on the composition, while the organotitanium molecular thin layers suppressed fibrinogen adsorption compared with coating-free SUS 316L substrate.

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  • Deposition of bioactive titania layers under ambient conditions due to hydrolysis of titanium oxysulfate aqueous solutions

    Fan Xiao, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of BioCeramics Research   2005

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  • In vitro apatite formation on nano-crystalline titanium oxide layer grown at glass-coating/titanium interface

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yongxing Liu, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Kouji Kawabata

    Archives of BioCeramics Research   2005

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  • Nano-crystalline Titanium oxide layer grown at glass-coating/titanium interface for biomedical application,

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Yongxing Liu, Kazuya Okamoto, Ayako Sekikawa, Kanji Tsuru, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Proceedings of Third Balkan Conference on Glass Science and Technology, 15th Conference on Glass and Ceramics   2005

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  • Surface characterization and corrosion behavior of NiTi alloy coated with nano-crystalline titanium oxide film

    Miho Yamamoto, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Eiji Fujii, Kouji Kawabata

    Archives of BioCeramics Research   2005

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  • In vitro protein release behavior of gelatin-silicate porous hybrids

    Kanji Tsuru, Mitsuyuki Nagahara, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Kerntaro Deguishi, Nam-ho Huh

    Archives of BioCeramics Research   2005

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  • Preparation of titanate nano-rod array on titanium substrates by novel microflux method

    YX Liu, K Okamoto, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    CERAMIC NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY III   159   193 - 199   2005

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    We proposed a new approach on preparing titania or titanate nano- or micro-rod arrays on metallic titanium (alpha-Ti) surfaces by coating a layer of sodium tetraborate or potassium metaborate on titanium substrates and subsequent thermal treatment. Thin-film X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the sodium tetraborate gave rutile (TiO2: PDF# 21-1276) micro-rod array. The potassium metaborate, in contrast, yielded a potassium titanate (K2Ti6O13: PDF# 40-0403) nano-rod array. The rods in the arrays grew almost perpendicular to the substrate surface.

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  • ガラス研究機関訪問 ガラス構造のコンセプトに触発されたハイブリッド医用材料の設計と創成

    都留 寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂 明義

    ニュ-ガラス   20 ( 4 )   57 - 62   2005

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  • Chemical interaction between hydroxyapatite and functional phosphoric acid ester monomers

    FUKEGAWA D., YOSHIDA Y., SUZUKI K., HAYAKAWA S., OSAKA A., VAN MEERBEEK B.

    Journal of the Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices   24   P - 35   2005

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  • ナノ結晶性酸化チタン層のin vitro生体活性に及ぼす無機イオン吸着の影響

    松浦直子, 都留寛治, 早川聡, 尾坂明義, 吉田靖弘, 鈴木一臣, 窪木拓男

    日本セラミックス協会秋季シンポジウム講演予稿集   18th   2005

  • Hydroxyapatite formation on and inside of cotton fibrilla with an oxysulfate solution

    J. F. Liu, S. Hayakawa, K. Tsuru, A. Osaka

    Transactions - 7th World Biomaterials Congress   977   2004.12

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    The formation of hydroxyapatite on and inside of cotton fibrils with an oxysulfate solution was investigated. A titania layer consisting of rutile was observed to be deposited on cotton fibrils after treating in above solution. It was observed that bonelike apatite was successfully formed on entirety of cotton fibrils in SBF at 36.5°C within only 2d. It was found that rutile induces apatite deposition in SBF at 36.5 °C just as well as anatase.

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  • Protein adsorption properties of stainless-steel and titanium modified with alginic acid

    T. Yoshioka, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Transactions - 7th World Biomaterials Congress   1408   2004.12

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    The protein adsorption on the alginic acid layers covalently immobilized on stainless-steel and titanium was examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using a reflection adsorption method (FT-IRRAS). The relationship between platelet adhesion and protein adsorption was also investigated. The contact angle measurement and FT-IRRAS spectra confirmed the successful immobilization of γ-APS and alginic acid onto stainless-steel and titanium substrates. The result shows that less protein adsorption leads to blood-compatible surface on the alginic acid-immobilization.

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  • In vitro cytocompatibility of osteoblastic cells cultured on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membrane

    Y Shirosaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, MA Lopes, JD Santos, MH Fernandes

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 16   254-2   857 - 860   2004

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    Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. The swelling ability and the cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration. The swelling of the hybrids was suppressed by addition of GPSM. MG63 human osteoblastic cells were cultured on the hybrids. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 cells cultured on the chitosan-GPSM hybrid surface were improved comparing to that on chitosan membrane, regardless the GPSM concentration.

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  • Control of morphology of titania film with high apatite-forming ability derived from chemical treatments of titanium with hydrogen peroxide

    S Kawasaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 16   254-2   443 - 446   2004

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    We prepared titanium substrates with sub-micron scale pores and without sub-micron scale pores by means of chemical treatments with hydrogen peroxide and subsequent thermal treatments. Sub-micron scale pores were observed on the surface of the titanium substrate treated with 3 mass% H2O2 at 90degreesC for 1 h(H1) by scanning electron microscopy. On the other hand, the sub-micron scale pores were not observed on the substrate treated with 3mass% H2O2 at 90degreesC for 72 h(H72). The surface roughness, Ra of H1 and H72 substrates was 27 and 14 nm, respectively. Both substrates showed high in vitro apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid (SBF of Kokubo's recipe). The apatite-forming ability of H72 substrate with low Ra value was higher than that of H1 with high Ra value.

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  • Platelet adhesion on titania film prepared from interaction of Ni-Ti alloy with hydrogen peroxide solution

    S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 16   254-2   865 - 868   2004

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    Titania films were prepared from interaction of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy with hydrogen peroxide solution followed by heating at 400degreesC. The titania films consisted of crystalline phase of TiO2 (anatase). The in vitro platelet adhesion property of the titania films was examined. The titania films on Ni-Ti alloy substrates adhered less platelets than Ni-Ti alloy substrate without treatment. This indicates that the titania film can suppress the adhesion of platelet. The present chemical modification process with hydrogen peroxide solution is applicable to prevent the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy materials from platelet adhesion when in contact with blood.

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  • 特集I バイオとガラス 医用金属材料の生体適合性制御

    早川聡, 都留寛治, 尾坂明義

    ニューガラス   Vol.19 [3],pp.21-27 ( 3 )   21 - 27   2004

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  • Platelet adhesion on metal oxide layers

    S Takemoto, T Yamamoto, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS, VOL 16   254-2   853 - 856   2004

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    This study was concerned with blood compatibility of titanium oxide layers on stainless steel. The titanium oxide layers were prepared through sol-gel process by dip-coating of tetraethyltitanate solution and heated at 500degreesC. The crystal phase, thickness and wettability of the oxide were characterized. The blood compatibility was evaluated in term of platelet adhesion using human platelet rich plasma. Consequently, with increase in the thickness of the titanium oxide layers, the number of platelet adhered on the stainless steel coated with titanium oxide layer decreased rapidly. When the thickness of titanium oxide layers on stainless steel grew more than 150 nm, the number of adherent platelets decreased less than 10% in comparison with that on non-coated stainless steel. The titanium oxide layers indicated to be more hydrophilic than non-coated stainless steel. In conclusion, the thicker and more hydrophilic titanium oxide layer on stainless steel appears to inhibit platelet adhesion.

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  • Preparation of chitosan-silicate hybrid for bone formation

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    53rd SPSJ Symposium on Macromolecules, Polymer Preprints   53 ( 2 )   3698 - 3699   2004

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  • Study of porous TEOS-PDMS hybrids for cell cultured matrix

    Tsuru Kanji, Yabuta Takeshi, Hayakawa Satoshi, Osaka Akiyoshi, Kataoka Ken, Huh Nam-ho

    Preprints of Annual Meeting of The Ceramic Society of Japan<br>Preprints of Fall Meeting of The Ceramic Society of Japan   2004 ( 0 )   525 - 525   2004

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    取り扱いに耐えうる強度や加工性を有し,かつ良好な細胞適合性を有する多孔材料が創製できれば,組織工学的な細胞培養用マトリックスとして有用であり組織工学の発展に繋がる。本研究では, TEOS-PDMS型ナノハイブリッド多孔体を合成し,力学的特性,気孔率,孔径および細胞適合性を評価した。ハイブリッド体の歪み率は80%以上で高い柔軟性を持ち,手術用メス刃等を用いて容易に切断できる加工性を有していた。貫通気孔の割合は約85%で孔径は自由に制御できた。各種哺乳類細胞はハイブリッドに対して良好に接着・増殖している様子が観察された。以上より,本多孔体は細胞培養用担体として有用であると考えられる。

    DOI: 10.14853/pcersj.2004S.0.525.0

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  • In vitro biological reactivity of porous chitosan-organosiloxane hybrids

    Yuki Shirosaki, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    The 20th International Congress on Glass   2004

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  • Hydroxy carbonate apatite: Synthesis, blood compatibility and adsorption of specific pathogenic proteins

    S Hayakawa, Y Kusudo, S Takemoto, K Tsuru, A Osaka, S Takashima

    BIOCERAMICS: MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS IV   147   111 - 119   2003

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    Hydroxy-carbonate apatite (CAp) compositions containing carbonate ions from 0 to 10.9 wt% were synthesized by a wet chemical method. Infrared analysis revealed that carbonate ions were substituted both PO43- and OH- sites. The introduction of CO32- ion into the hydroxyapatite lattice led to an increase in specific surface area and surface charge density. Blood clotting properties were not affected by the contact with CAp samples. The adsorption behavior of proteins was investigated by contacting CAp with model saline containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-MG). The selectivity against beta(2)-MG increased with increase in the amount of carbonate ions. As surface charge density increased with increase in the amount of carbonate ions, surface charge density played an important role in selective adsorption of beta(2)-MG, but not a sole factor.

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  • Blood compatibility of metal oxide layers on stainless-steel

    K Tsuru, S Takemoto, T Yamamoto, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    POLYMER/METAL INTERFACES AND DEFECT MEDIATED PHENOMENA IN ORDERED POLYMERS   734   327 - 332   2003

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    We examined blood compatibility of titanium oxide layer on stainless-steel (SUS316L). The oxide layers with varied thickness were yielded on SUS316L plates by dip-coating of sol-gel solution starting from tetraethyltitanate. The blood compatibility was evaluated in term of platelet adhesion using platelet rich plasma. With increase in the thickness of the oxide layer, the number of adherent platelets decreased rapidly, reached minimum around 150nm. This indicated that the thickness of titanium oxide layer affected platelet adhesion.

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  • Cytocompatibility on silicone modified with organoalkoxysilane due to emulsion polymerization

    Y Shirosaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka, S Takashima

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   687 - 690   2003

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    gamma-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (gamma-MPS) molecules were grafted on silicone elastomer by emulsion polymerization. Fibroblast and osteoblastic cells were cultured to examine cytocompatibility of the grafted surface. A greater number of cells grew on the grafted silicone, even forming a cell layer, than on the original silicone. Moreover, the cultured cells were agglomerated on the latter though they adhered well. Thus the gamma-MPS grafting was concluded to improve cytocompatibility of silicone.

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  • Blood compatibility of stainless-steel and titanium immobilized with alginic acid layers

    T Yoshioka, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    POLYMER/METAL INTERFACES AND DEFECT MEDIATED PHENOMENA IN ORDERED POLYMERS   734   333 - 338   2003

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    gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (,gamma-APS) was grafted on stainless-steel and titanium substrates, and subsequently alginic acid layer was immobilized on them. Their surfaces were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. Blood compatibility of thus obtained substrates was evaluated in terms of both the number of the adhered platelets and blood clotting factors for plasma contacted with the substrates such as active partial thromboplastin time (PTT), prothrombin time (PT), and amount of fibrinogen (Fib). The steel and titanium substrates with alginic acid layer did not affect blood clotting factors. In vitro platelet adhesion assay indicated that those substrates adhered less number of platelets than non-treated substrates. Hence the alginic acid immobilization leads to blood compatible surfaces.

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  • Biomimetic apatite deposition on titanium substrates treated with low concentrations of H2O2 solutions

    K Shibata, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   55 - 58   2003

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    Titanium substrates were provided with ability of biomimetic apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid by means of chemical treatment and subsequent thermal treatment. Examined were the effects of the chemical treatment time, the concentration and pH conditions of the H2O2 solutions on formation of bioactive titania gel layer and in vitro bioactivity. The optimum process consist of 6 mass% H2O2 treatment at 60 degreesC for 3-6 h and subsequent thermal treatment at 400 degreesC for lh. Reactions between the titanium substrates and H2O2 involved titania gel formation and Ti (IV) dissolution. Each reaction rates well related with the concentration and pH of the H2O2 solutions.

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  • Response to osteoblastic cells of bioactive organic-inorganic hybrid

    Y Aburatani, T Uchida, Y Shirosaki, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   683 - 686   2003

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    Organically modified silicate gels were synthesized starting from ploy(dimethylsiloxane), tetraethoxysilane, calcium nitrate, and colloidal silica through sol-gel processing. In vitro apatite deposition on the colloidal silica containing hybrids in a simulated body fluid of the Kokubo recipe was confirmed, indicating they were bioactive. Cell proliferation for the hybrid gels with the colloidal silica was better than the colloidal silica free gels. The cells cultured for 7 days on the hybrid gels with colloidal silica expanded their pseudopodium and were well attached. In contrast, the cells were hardly observable on the colloidal silica free gels. Thus, the hybrids with colloidal silica are cytocompatible as well as bioactive.

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  • Low-temperature deposition of bioactive crystalline titania films: Effects of tantalum

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   533 - 536   2003

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    Crystalline titania films (anatase and rutile) with excellent in vitro bioactivity were deposited through interactions of titanium and hydrogen peroxide solutions containing Ta(V) ions, under a low temperature of 80 degreesC. Ta(V) ions were found to favor both the low-temperature crystallization and the formation of rutile.

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  • Deactivation of active oxygen species due to metals and their blood compatibility

    S Takashima, T Yamamoto, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   105 - 107   2003

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    The deactivating behavior of the active oxygen species except nitric oxide or NO was observed in the presence of some metals used in clinical fields by simple colorimetry. It was indicated that SUS316 and Ti were inert against most of the active oxygen species.

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  • Effects of Metals on Generation and Dismutation of Active Oxygen Species in Blood

    Tomoya Ogawa, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Seisuke Takashima, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Archives of BioCeramics Research   2003

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  • Bioactive titania gel derived from combined chemical and thermal treatments of titanium

    S Hayakawa, K Shibata, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    27TH INTERNATIONAL COCOA BEACH CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES: A   24 ( 3 )   227 - 232   2003

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    Bioactive titania gel was derived from chemical treatment of Ti substrate with dilute H2O2 solutions and subsequent thermal treatments. We examined the effects of the chemical treatment time and the concentration and pH of the H2O2 solutions on both formation of titania gel and in vitro deposition of apatite or bioactivity. The optimum treatments consisted of 6 mass% H2O2 treatment at 60 degreesC for 3-6 h and subsequent thermal treatment at 400 degreesC for 1 h. Reactions between the titanium substrates and H2O2 involved the oxidation of titanium, titania gel formation and Ti dissolution.

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  • Low temperature synthesis of bioactive TiO2 thin film by two-step treatment

    F Xiao, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 15   240-2   537 - 540   2003

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    Bioactive TiO2 films were deposited on Ti substrates by two-step treatment near room temperature. A well-crystalline TiO2 gel film was obtained on Ti by soaking in TiF4+ H2O2 Solution at 60degrees C for 24 h. Subsequent cathode polarization precipitated calcium hydroxide. Calcium carbonate appeared after samples soaking in a Kokubo simulated body fluid due to the reaction between calcium hydroxide and bicarbonate ions. Calcium hydroxide dissolved into SBF, supersaturated with calcium ions, favored apatite nucleation. Apatite thus deposited without heating the Ti substrates. This method was applicable to substrates other than Ti.

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  • 化学ベクトルセラミックス〜培養細胞機能をコントロールする多孔質ゼラチン-シリケートハイブリッド

    都留 寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂 明義

    バイオマテリアル-生体材料-   Vol.21, No.5, 389頁〜395頁   2003

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  • Effects of Organic Molecules in the Kokuboユs Simulated Body Fluid on Apatite Formation on Glass and Titanium Substrates

    K. Tsuru, Y. Higashi, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proc. 2nd Asian BioCeramics Symposium(ABC2002), Korea   2002

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  • Synthesis of carbonate-hydroxy apatite and selective adsorption activity against specific pathogenic substances

    S Takashima, Y Kusudo, S Takemoto, K Tsura, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 14   218-2   175 - 178   2002

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    Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and carbonate-hydroxy apatite (CAP5 and CAP15) were synthesized under the flow of N-2 containing 0%, 5%, or 15% CO2 by wet chemical method, and subsequently calcined at 105-700degreesC. Infrared analysis showed that carbonate ions substituted PO43- and OH- sites. The clotting characteristics for the fresh mixed plasma contacted with the samples indicated that CAP had better blood compatibility than HAP. The protein adsorption activity was evaluated by contacting with the model saline containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta2-microgloburin (beta-MG). CAP15 calcined below 600degreesC adsorbed the lowest fraction of BSA (9%) whereas it adsorbed the highest fraction of beta(2)-MG (47%). It was concluded that the selective adsorption activity against beta(2)-MG was related to the carbonate ions incorporated in hydroxyapatite.

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  • In vitro evaluation on bone-bonding of chemically modified titanium

    JM Wu, S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, A Osaka, XX Wang

    BIOCERAMICS 14   218-2   141 - 144   2002

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    Treatment with a hydrogen peroxide solution containing tantalum chloride followed by heating provided titanium with bioactivity where a titania gel layer derived on surface played the essential role. Effects of surface roughness and gel thickness on in vitro bioactivity were examined using the Kokubo solution. In vitro evaluation suggested enhanced interfacial bond strength between bone and Ti implants by obtaining thinner titania layer on rougher Ti surface.

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  • Heating effect on properties of organic-inorganic hybrids containing colloidal silica particles

    Y Aburatani, K Tsuru, S Hayakawa, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 14   218-2   445 - 448   2002

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    The organic-inorganic hybrid gels were synthesized starting from poly (dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), colloidal silica and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)(2).4H(2)O) through sol-gel processing. The effects of heating on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the synthesized samples were investigated. The compressive strength of the synthesized samples increased by heating. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the synthesized samples showed increase of storage modulus and decrease of the loss factor, tandelta. It was suggested that the mobility of PDMS chain was restricted with the increase of PDMS-silica interaction by heating.

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  • Blood Compatibility of Titanium Oxide Gels on Titanium Substrates

    S. Takemoto, T, Yamamoto, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka, S. Takashima

    Proc.19th Korea-Japan Internatl. Seminar on Ceramics   2002

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  • Apatite induction on titania due to combined chemical and thermal treatments of titanium

    S Hayakawa, K Shibata, K Tsuru, A Osaka

    BIOCERAMICS 14   218-2   71 - 74   2002

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    We examined the effects of the thermal treatment temperature and Ta(V) species on in vitro apatite forming-ability of titania due to chemical treatment of titanium substrates. The formation of peroxo Ta(V) species (Ta(V)O-2) in the H2O2 solution at 60degreesC effectively promoted not only the decomposition and the elimination of the peroxo and hydroperoxide groups, such as Ti-OOH and Ta-OOH in the titania gel but also the decomposition of H2O2 Compared with the formation of peroxo Ti(rV) species (Ti(IV)O-2), resulting in enhanced ability of apatite deposition in spite of thermal treatment at the lower temperature such as 100degreesC. The combined chemical and thermal treatments were applicable for providing both pieces of Ti and Ti mesh with bioactivity.

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  • Chitosan-organosiloxane hybrids for biomedical applications

    YAMADA A

    Abstract of the 3^<rd> Asian international Symposium on Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems, 2002   2002

  • Surface Characterization and Platelet Adhesion of Alginic Acid Layers on Glass Substrates

    T. Yoshioka, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proc. 3rd Asian Internatl. Symposium on Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems   2002

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  • Crystallization of Anatase from Amorphous Titania in Hot Water and In Vitro Biomineralzation

    Jin-Ming WU, Satoshi HAYAKAWA, Kanji TSURU, Akiyoshi OSAKA

    J.Ceram.Soc.Japan   110 ( 1278 )   78 - 80   2002

  • Lab Tour : Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University

    19 ( 6 )   51 - 53   2001.12

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  • 有機無機複合体の高機能性材料への応用

    都留寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂明義

    ケミカル・エンジニヤリング   46,No.10,25頁-31頁 ( 10 )   769 - 775   2001

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  • 多孔質シリカゲルでのアパタイト形成

    久保 正明, 都留 寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂 明義

    化学工業,特集:セラミックス生体材料の展望   52巻5号,372〜378 ( 5 )   372 - 378   2001

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  • In Vitro Apatite Formation on Titanium Treated with a Hydrogen Peroxide Solution

    Koichi Shibata, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Proceedings of 18th International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics   2001

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  • Synthesis of PDMS Based Porous Materials for Biomedical Applications

    T. Yabuta E, P. Bescher J, D. Mackenzie, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    11th Internatl. Workshop on Glasses, Ceramics, Hybrids and Nanocomposites from Gels   2001

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  • 金属チタン表面の高生体活性化

    川邊 康宏, 都留 寛治, 早川 聡, 尾坂 明義

    化学工業,特集:セラミックス生体材料の展望   52巻5号,349〜353 ( 5 )   349 - 353   2001

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  • In Vitro Evaluation of the Osteoblast Response to Sol-Gel Derived Gelatin-Siloxane Hybrids

    L. Ren, K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    11th Internatl. Workshop on Glasses, Ceramics, Hybrids and Nanocomposites from Gels   2001

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  • Bioactivity and Structure of Alkali Borosilicate Glasses

    K. Tsuru, S. Hayakawa, C, Ohtsuki A. Osaka

    Proc. XIX Internatl. Congress on Glass, Society of Glass Technology   2001

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  • Structure of Divalent Metal Oxyfluorosilicate Glass

    S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proc. XIX Internatl. Congress on Glass, Society of Glass Technology   2001

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  • Effects of Metal Ions in Simulated Body Fluids on Biomimetic Reactions of Materials

    K. Tsuru, N. Azuma, M. Kubo, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Internatl. Symposia on Materials Science for the 21st Century, Vol. B, Soc. Mater. Sci. Japan   2001

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  • Sol-Gel Derived Porous Gelatin-Siloxane Hybrids

    K. Tsuru L. Ren, S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Internatl. Symposia on Materials Science for the 21st Century, Vol. B, Soc. Mater. Sci. Japan   2001

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  • Improvement of Biocompatibility of Silicone Elastomer by Surface Modification

    Shirosaki Yuki, Tsuru Kanji, Hayakawa Satoshi, Osaka Akiyoshi, Takashima Seisuke

    Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University   36 ( 1 )   117 - 121   2001

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  • In vitro apatite deposition and biodegradation of porous gelatin-silicate hybrids derived from sol-gel process

    Lei Ren, Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings   628   2000.1

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    Ca(II) containing porous hybrids of gelatin and 3-(glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPSM) were prepared with sol-gel processing and freeze-drying techniques. The freezing temperature could control porosity and pore size of the hybrids. The biodegradation rate of the hybrids in a Tris buffer solution decreased with an increase in GPSM content. The bone-like apatite layer could form on the Ca(II) containing porous gelatin-silicate hybrids when they were soaked in a stimulated body fluid (SBF), hence they were applicable to be the bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

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  • Biomimetic Deposition of Calcium Phosphated in a Simulated Body Fluid

    HAYAKAWA S, OSAKA A

    J. Non-Cryst. Solids   263/264   409 - 415   2000

  • Mechanism of apatite formation on a sodium silicate glass in a simulated body fluid

    S Hayakawa, K Tsuru, C Ohtsuki, A Osaka

    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY   82 ( 8 )   2155 - 2160   1999.8

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    Si-29 and P-31 magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectra were used to analyze 20Na(2)O . 80SiO(2) glass particles before and after soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF; Kokubo solution, pH 7.4) for various periods (up to 14 d), The structure of the bulk glass and the glass surface, as well as the chemical states of the calcium phosphates adsorbed on the glass surface, were examined. The bulk glass before soaking in the SBF showed two Si-29 MAS-NMR resonances, at -100 and -110 ppm, which were attributable to Si(OSi)(3)ONa and Si(OSi)(4) units, respectively. A new -105 ppm peak, which was due to Si(OSi)(3)OH units, appeared after soaking in the SBF and grew as the soaking period increased, Thus, in the SBF, the glass network was degraded and hydrolyzed; that is, dissolution of the Na+ ions from the glass network and the formation of Si-O- groups occurred, After soaking for 1 d, a P-31 MAS-NMR IR resonance peak of orthophosphate (PO43-) ions that were deposited on the glass surface appeared at similar to 3.0 ppm and grew as the soaking period increased. The chemical shift shows that the local structural environment of phosphorus atoms and ions was very similar to that of hydroxyapatite or rabbit cortical bone. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic analysis confirmed the adsorption of calcium phosphates on the glasses and the close relationship between the dissolution of the Naf ions and the precipitation of the calcium phosphates. It was concluded that the layer of hydrated silica gel, which was composed of Si(OSi)(3)O- units, provided the negatively charged sites that induced or promoted the precipitation of calcium phosphates, which led to apatite nucleation and crystallization.

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  • Biomimetic Deposition of Calcium Phosphates on Oxides Soaked in a Simulated Body Fluid

    S. Hayakawa, A. Osaka

    Proc. 15th Univ. Conf. Glass Sci., ed. R. K. Brow, Univ. Missouri-Rolla, Paper M12   1999

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  • Bioactivity of Nb(V)and Ta(V)-Doped Caclium Silicate Glasses(jointly worked)

    Naoki Imayoshi, Satoshi Hayakawa, Chikara Ohtsuki, Akiyoshi Osaka

    Memoirs of Fac. Eng. Okayama Univ   31 ( 2 )   39-44 - 44   1997

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher:Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University  

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Presentations

  • Chemical structure and biological properties of organic-inorganic composite thin films

    Kazutaka Kumamoto, Toshinari Maeda, Nurul Asyfah Binti Mustapha, Satoshi Hayakawa, Yuki Shirosaki

    2021.1.7 

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    Event date: 2021.1.7 - 2021.1.8

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

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  • キトサン-シロキサン複合体から溶出したケイ素化合物の構造と神経細胞に対する 影響

    服部晃世, 城﨑由紀, 早川聡

    日本セラミックス協会第33 回秋季シンポジウム  2020.9.2 

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    Event date: 2020.9.2 - 2020.9.4

    Language:Japanese   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

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  • バシトラシン亜鉛を担持した有機-無機複合体薄膜の創製

    隈元和貴, 前田憲成, Nurul Asyfah Binti Mustapha, 城﨑由紀, 早川聡

    日本セラミックス協会第33 回秋季シンポジウム  2020.9.2 

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    Event date: 2020.9.2 - 2020.9.4

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  • 様々なアパタイトの析出機序と微細構造に関する考察

    早川 聡

    第8 回 日本バイオマテリアル学会 中四国ブロック シンポジウム  2020.2.6 

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    Event date: 2020.2.6

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  • 抗菌薬担持有機-無機複合体薄膜の創製

    隈元和貴, 前田憲成, Nurul Asyifah Binti Mustapha, 城﨑由紀, 早川聡

    日本女性科学者の会2019 年度例会新春シンポジウム  2020.1.12 

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    Event date: 2020.1.12

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  • Effect of Sub-millimeter Gap on In Vitro Apatite Formation on Hydrothermally Treated Ti-Substrate

    Satoshi Hayakawa, Tomohiko Yoshioka

    The 36th International Japan-Korea Seminar on Ceramics  2019.11.22 

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    Event date: 2019.11.21 - 2019.11.22

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  • 金属酸化物を添加したケイ酸塩ガラスの過酸化水素分解能

    木下隆平, 吉岡朋彦, 早川聡

    第25 回ヤングセラミストミーティングin 中四国  2018.12.8 

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    Event date: 2018.12.8

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  • ゾル—ゲル反応の電気化学制御による生体活性ゲルの作製と評価

    宮本尚紀, 吉岡朋彦, 早川聡

    第25 回ヤングセラミストミーティングin 中四国  2018.12.8 

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  • pH と化学組成の異なる擬似体液中におけるリン酸カルシウムの核形成及び結晶成長

    兼平恵梨子, 吉岡朋彦, 早川 聡

    第22 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2018.11.30 

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    Event date: 2018.11.30

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  • リン酸カルシウムの電解析出における交流電場の気泡抑制効果

    春木 駿, 吉岡朋彦, 早川 聡

    第22 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2018.11.30 

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  • Chemical growth and apatite-forming ability of rod-like rutile titania layers with tailored facets on titanium substrates

    Xingzhu Liu, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Satoshi Hayakawa

    The 30th Symposium and Anuual Meeting of the International Society for Ceramics in Medicine  2018.10.26 

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    Event date: 2018.10.26 - 2018.10.29

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  • Electrochemically Assisted Sol-Gel Deposition of Bioactive Films

    Tomohiko Yoshioka, Naoki Miyamoto, Satoshi Hayakawa

    The 30th Symposium and Anuual Meeting of the International Society for Ceramics in Medicine  2018.10.26 

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    Event date: 2018.10.26 - 2018.10.29

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  • The application of alternating-current electrolysis to the sol-gel deposition of silica gel-enzyme composites

    Tomohiko Yoshioka, Koji Taniguchi, Takuya Kataoka, Satoshi Hayakawa

    MRM2023/IUMRS-ICA2023  2023.12.12 

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  • 電解ゾル-ゲル反応で得られたシリカゲルの固体NMRによる構造解析

    細谷 頑馬, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第25回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2023.12.1 

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  • ナノ多孔性シリカ/Mg(II)含有リン酸カルシウム複合粒子の合成と評価

    廣田 大樹, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    第29回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティング in 中四国  2023.11.25 

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  • 水熱処理によるアルミノケイ酸塩ガラスへの表面微細構造の創製と光学特性の評価

    鳥居 拓真, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    第29回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティング in 中四国  2023.11.25 

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  • ジピコリン酸を含むSr(II)イオンドープリン酸八カルシウムの合成と評価

    西山 青太, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 藤井 英司, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第36回秋季シンポジウム  2023.9.9 

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  • ケイ酸ナトリウムと共存させた酵素の活性変化

    吉岡 朋彦, 中山 七海, 城崎 由紀, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第36回秋季シンポジウム  2023.9.8 

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  • 異なる量のキトサン存在下で合成したMg(II)イオン含有アパタイト粒子の評価

    西崎 航, 安平 友飛, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 藤井 英司, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第36回秋季シンポジウム  2023.9.8 

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  • FT-IRを用いたケイ酸ナトリウムとタンパク質の相互作用解析

    中山 七海, 吉岡 朋彦, 城崎 由紀, 片岡 卓也, 今村 維克, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会2023年年会  2023.3.9 

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  • 交流電気泳動堆積法を用いたアルミナ/セルロースナノファイバー複合体の作製

    高田 ひな呼, 吉岡 朋彦, 片岡 卓也, 藤井 英司, 都留 寛治, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会2023年年会  2023.3.9 

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  • アルミナ/キトサンナノファイバー複合体の交流電気泳動堆積と歯科応用

    吉木 佑実, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 藤井 英司, 都留 寛治, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第61回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2023.1.8 

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  • 細胞足場材料としてのセルロースナノファイバーと細胞モデルの交流電気泳動堆積

    奥家 就平, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 藤井 英司, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第61回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2023.1.8 

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  • 水熱処理による金属チタン表面へのブルッカイト型酸化チタン層の形成とin vitroアパタイト形成能の評価

    中本 優志, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第61回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2023.1.8 

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  • SiO2系生体活性ゲルの電気化学的作製と添加物による特性改善

    吉岡 朋彦, 前田 気悦, Gunawan, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第61回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2023.1.8 

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  • 化学処理によるソーダ石灰ガラス表面への微細凹凸構造の形成機構と光学特性の評価

    成松 将希, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第61回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2023.1.7 

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  • Impact of sodium silicates on protein secondary structure analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

    Nanami Nakayama, Takuya Kataoka, Tomohiko Yoshioka, Yuki Shirosaki, Satoshi Hayakawa

    2023.1.7 

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  • Alternating-current electrolytic deposition of calcium phosphate coatings on titanium substrate

    Tomohiko Yoshioka, Jun Morimoto, Shun Haruki, Takuya Kataoka, Satoshi Hayakawa

    20th Asian BioCeramics Symposium (ABC2022)  2022.12.12 

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  • 化学処理によるアルミノケイ酸塩ガラス表面への微細凹凸構造の形成機構

    白髭 晃大, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    第28回 ヤングセラミスト・ミィーティングin中四国  2022.12.10 

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  • 交流電気泳動堆積法を用いた歯科矯正ワイヤーへの無機有機複合体の作製

    吉木 佑実, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 藤井 英司, 都留 寛治, 早川 聡

    第28回 ヤングセラミスト・ミィーティングin中四国  2022.12.10 

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  • 交流電解ゾル-ゲル反応によるシリカゲルへの細胞モデルの担持挙動

    吉岡 朋彦, 鳥井 奎汰, 城崎 由紀, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第35回秋季シンポジウム  2022.9.16 

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  • 水酸アパタイト/キトサン複合粒子へのMg(II)イオンの導入

    安平 友飛, 片岡 卓也, 吉岡 朋彦, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第35回秋季シンポジウム  2022.9.15 

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  • 交流電解におけるpH変化とリン酸カルシウムの析出挙動

    森本 準, 吉岡 朋彦, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    粉体粉末冶金協会2022年度春季大会(第129回講演大会)  2022.5.25 

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  • 銀を担持させた生体活性ゲルの電気化学的作製

    吉岡 朋彦, Gunawan, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    第43回日本バイオマテリアル学会 (43th JSB) 及び第8回アジアバイオマテリアル学会 (8th ABMC)  2021.11.29 

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  • 交流電場を用いた炭酸カルシウムの電解析出

    吉岡 朋彦, 三木 麻由美, 藤井 英司, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第34回秋季シンポジウム  2021.9.3 

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  • ダブルパルス電解によるシリカゲルの形成

    吉岡 朋彦, 浅田 敏生, 片岡 卓也, 早川 聡

    日本セラミックス協会第34回秋季シンポジウム  2021.9.3 

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  • Ca欠損型アパタイトの微細構造に及ぼすフッ化物処理の影響

    日本セラミックス協会2018年年会  2018 

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  • 水懸濁液中でのセルロースナノファイバーの電気泳動堆積

    日本セラミックス協会2018年年会  2018 

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  • 電解ゾル-ゲル反応を用いた生体活性ゲルの作製と評価

    日本セラミックス協会第31回秋季シンポジウム  2018 

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  • Chemical interaction of novel functional monomer with hydroxyapatite/dentin and zirconia

    95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR, 46th Annual Meeting of the AADR, 41st Annual Meeting of the CADR  2017 

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  • 電解ゾル-ゲル反応を用いたシリカゲル-疎水性タンパク質複合体の作製

    第24回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2017 

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  • CHEMICAL GROWTH AND APATITE-FORMING ABILITY OF TITANIA LAYER WITH TAILORED FACETS ON TITANIUM SUBSTRATE

    第17回アジアバイオセラミックス会議  2017 

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  • 擬似体液中における酸化チタン表面での不均一核形及び成長によるリン酸カルシウムの形成

    第24回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2017 

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  • リン酸塩水溶液中でのアパタイトへの転換反応に及ぼすケイ酸塩ガラスの組成依存性

    日本セラミックス協会第30回秋季シンポジウム  2017 

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  • 固体NMR分光法によるリン酸カルシウム粒子の構造解析

    2017年秋期講演大会(第161回)  2017 

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  • In vitro enhanced apatite-forming ability on titania film with tailored facets via facile synthetic route at low temperature

    日本セラミックス協会第30回秋季シンポジウム  2017 

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  • 交流電場を用いた電解析出法によるリン酸カルシウムコーティングの作製

    日本セラミックス協会第30回秋季シンポジウム  2017 

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  • β-リン酸三カルシウム-イノシトールリン酸複合体から作製した骨修復セメントの構造解析

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • 電解ゾル-ゲル反応を用いてシリカと複合化したタンパク質の二次構造評価

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • 交流矩形波を用いた電解ゾル-ゲル反応によるシリカゲルの形成

    日本セラミックス協会2017年年会  2017 

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  • 固相反応法による銅含有β-リン酸三カルシウムの合成とキャラクタリゼーション

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • 結晶成長阻害因子を含まない擬似体液中でのリン酸カルシウム結晶の析出

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • パルス電場を用いたキトサン-酸化チタン複合体の電気泳動堆積

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • 水熱処理を施した金属チタンと高分子のサブミリ隙間空間におけるアパタイト析出挙動

    第55回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2017 

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  • パルス電場を用いた電解ゾル-ゲル反応によるシリカと複合化したタンパク質の二次構造評価

    日本セラミックス協会2017年年会  2017 

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  • アジア国際化学実験教室の実践について

    日本セラミックス協会2017年年会  2017 

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  • 熱処理したヒドロキシアパタイトの構造とin vitro溶解性

    日本セラミックス協会2016年年会  2016 

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  • 電解ゾル-ゲル反応を用いたシリカータンパク質複合体の作製

    日本セラミックス協会2016年年会  2016 

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  • ケイ酸塩系ガラスのネットワーク構造制御によるアパタイトへの転換速度の促進

    第23回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2016 

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  • 隙間空間を利用したジルコニウム表面へのアパタイト析出

    日本セラミックス協会第29回秋季シンポジウム  2016 

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  • グローカルを目指した国際化学実験教室について

    日本セラミックス協会2016年年会  2016 

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  • 隙間空間を利用した金属表面へのアパタイト形成

    第23回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2016 

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  • パルス電場を用いた電解ゾル-ゲル反応によるシリカ膜の作製

    日本セラミックス協会第29回秋季シンポジウム  2016 

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  • 固体NMR分光法によるリン酸カルシウム粒子の構造解析

    2015年日本化学会中国四国支部大会  2015 

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  • パルス電気泳動堆積法を用いたポリアクリル酸-酸化チタン複合膜の作製

    日本セラミックス協会第28回秋季シンポジウム  2015 

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  • 銅含有β-リン酸三カルシウムの固相合成

    日本セラミックス協会2015年年会  2015 

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  • リン酸カルシウム粒子の合成と固体NMR分光法による構造解析

    第53回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2015 

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  • グローカルを目指した日中・体験型化学実験教室について

    日本セラミックス協会2015年年会  2015 

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  • ケイ酸塩ガラス表面に形成した炭酸含有ヒドロキシアパタイトのc軸配向性の評価

    第22回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2015 

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  • イノシトールリン酸によるβ-リン酸三カルシウムの表面修飾とペースト状人工骨への応用

    第22回ヤングセラミストミーティング in 中四国  2015 

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  • イノシトールリン酸で表面修飾したβ-リン酸三カルシウムの構造評価とそのセメントへの応用

    粉体粉末冶金協会 平成27年度秋季大会(第116回講演大会)  2015 

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  • イノシトールリン酸で表面修飾したβ-リン酸三カルシウムセメント粉体の構造評価

    日本セラミックス協会第28回秋季シンポジウム  2015 

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  • リン酸を添加したケイ酸塩ガラスからのアパタイトロッドの連続成長の制御

    日本セラミックス協会2015年年会  2015 

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  • 水熱処理した金属チタン基板の隙間環境下でのin vitroアパタイト形成能の評価

    第52回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2014 

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  • 各種基板と対面配置した酸化チタン層表面でのアパタイト形成挙動

    日本セラミックス協会第27回秋季シンポジウム  2014 

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  • Creation of beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Cement with Anti-washout Property Using Chelating Ability of Inositol Phosphate and Its Evaluation

    The 15th IUMRS International Conference in Asia  2014 

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  • 銅イオンが細胞増殖に及ぼす影響およびその骨補填材料における評価

    日本セラミックス協会第27回秋季シンポジウム  2014 

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  • Preparation of Strontium-doped Hydroxyapatite with Controlled Crystal Orientation by a Silicate Glass Conversion Process

    The 15th IUMRS International Conference in Asia  2014 

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  • 隙間環境下でチタン合金表面にin vitro アパタイト形成を誘起する酸化チタンコーティング

    日本セラミックス協会2014年年会  2014 

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  • In Vitro Degradation Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Particles Synthesized by Mechanochemical Processing

    The 15th IUMRS International Conference in Asia  2014 

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  • 標準化を目指した模擬体内環境下における生体活性セラミックス多孔体の強度試験

    第48回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2010 

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  • キトサン-シリケートヒドロゲルの創製と評価

    日本セラミックス協会2010年年会  2010 

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  • シリケート置換ヒドロキシアパタイトナノ粒子の合成と構造解析

    日本セラミックス協会2010年年会  2010 

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  • Preparation of mm-sized silica gel spheres from water glass

    日本ゾルーゲル学会第8回討論会  2010 

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  • マイクロリアクターを利用した高機能性ナノ粒子の合成

    第48回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2010 

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  • 生体活性酸化チタン層への紫外線照射効果

    第48回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2010 

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  • Effect of Si(IV) released from chitosan-silicate hybrids on proliferation and differentiation of MG63 osteoblastic cells

    Bioceramics 22  2009 

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  • A Novel Method of Preparing a Nano-meter Rod Array of Hydroxyapatite Crystals

    Bioceramics 22  2009 

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  • マイクロ化学プロセスによるヒドロキシアパタイトナノシートの作製

    日本セラミックス協会 第22 回秋季シンポジウム  2009 

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  • GRAPE® Technologyを応用したチタン合金の生体内における骨伝導能

    日本金属学会2009年秋期(第145回)大会  2009 

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  • メタケイ酸イオンで修飾したアナターゼ層上での細胞接着

    日本セラミックス協会 第22 回秋季シンポジウム  2009 

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  • 金属化学種で修飾した酸化チタン層上での細胞接着性

    日本セラミックス協会 第22 回秋季シンポジウム  2009 

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  • Cell proliferation on nano-structured titanium layer prepared on titanium substrates (invited)

    8th PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON CERAMIC AND GLASS TECHNOLOGY, Includes the 2009 Annual Meeting of the International Commission on Glass (ICG),  2009 

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  • Organic-Inorganic hybrid scaffolds for cell culture and tissue regeneration

    8th PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON CERAMIC AND GLASS TECHNOLOGY, Includes the 2009 Annual Meeting of the International Commission on Glass (ICG),  2009 

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  • 骨分化を促進するキトサンハイブリッド膜の創製

    第23回キチン・キトサンシンポジウム  2009 

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  • Preparation of hydroxyapatite nano-particles applying micro chemical process

    8th PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON CERAMIC AND GLASS TECHNOLOGY, Includes the 2009 Annual Meeting of the International Commission on Glass (ICG),  2009 

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  • 結晶性酸化チタン層のアパタイト形成能に及ぼす紫外線照射の影響2

    日本セラミックス協会2009年年会  2009 

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  • GRAPE Technologyを適用したTi-15Zr-4Nb-4Ta合金のin vivo評価―骨と材料の結合強度―

    日本セラミックス協会2009年年会  2009 

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  • 空間デザインによって誘起されるアパタイト形成能へのオートクレーブ処理の効果

    日本セラミックス協会2009年年会  2009 

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  • Osteoblastic cell adhesion on micro-patterned titania layers

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第47回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2009 

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  • ケイ酸塩ガラスからのエナメル質類似アパタイトナノロッド配列構造の形成

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第47回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2009 

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  • 部分置換型アパタイトの固体NMR分光法による局所構造解析

    第21回日本アパタイト研究会  2009 

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  • GRAPE® Technology:空間デザインと熱酸化による金属材料の高機能化

    第31回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2009 

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  • GRAPE® Technologyによるインプラント材料への生体活性付与

    第16回ヤングセラミストミーティングin中四国  2009 

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  • アパタイトロッド配列構造の創製と評価

    第21回日本アパタイト研究会  2009 

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  • ケイ酸塩ガラスからのアパタイトロッド配列構造の創製

    日本化学会西日本大会 2009年  2009 

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  • Viscoelastic Property of collagen gels with aligned fibril structure

    Bioceramics 22  2009 

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  • 空間デザインと熱酸化によりアパタイト形成能を付与したチタン合金の骨組織親和性

    第31回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2009 

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  • 紫外線照射による酸化チタン層のアパタイト形成能への影響

    第31回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2009 

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  • Contrary effects of UV-irradiation on in vitro apatite-forming ability of TiO2 layer in simulated body fluid

    Bioceramics 22  2009 

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  • マイクロ化学プロセスによるヒドロキシアパタイトナノ粒子の調製

    日本セラミックス協会 第20回秋季シンポジウム  2008 

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  • Study of biomaterials by solid state NMR: HAp layer on active bioglass

    P-Sat-J-630, 8th World Biomaterials Congress, 2008  2008 

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  • Preparation of silica-natural polymer hybrid nanoparticles for clinical applications

    P-Sat-H-506, 8th World Biomaterials Congress, 2008  2008 

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  • Preparation, characterization and biological assessment of bioactive and mesoporous silica nanoparticle coatings for bone regeneration

    2-O04, 2nd International Congress on Ceramics, June 29-July 4, 2008.  2008 

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  • Formation of Nano- and Micrometer-scale Hydroxyapatite Rod Array Structure on Ca-containing Glass

    at 062 - Glasses and glass ceramics, 8th World Biomaterials Congress, 2008  2008 

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  • 擬似体液中における隙間空間を利用したチタン金属表面へのアパタイト析出

    日本金属学会2008年春期大会、講演番号S1・2  2008 

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  • Si-eluting gelatin-silicate hybrid scaffolds inspired by bioactive glasses

    P-Thu-F-426, 8th World Biomaterials Congress, 2008  2008 

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  • Structure of substituted hydroxyapatite: the solid state NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) point of view

    at 091 - Characterisation of Nanocrystalline Apatites, 8th World Biomaterials Congress, 2008  2008 

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  • 空間デザインによる医用チタン合金へのアパタイト形成能付与

    日本セラミックス協会2008年年会,講演番号3K02  2008 

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  • Interfaces Involving Biomolecules and Inorganic Materials: The Solid State NMR Point of View.

    MM: Biomolecular and Biologically Inspired Interfaces and Assemblies, MM8.8, Materials Research Society, 2008 Spring Meeting  2008 

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  • Substituted Nano-crystalline Hydroxyapatites : The Solid State NMR Point of View.

    Symposium DD: From Biological Materials to Biomimetic Material Synthesis, DD9.2, Materials Research Society, 2008 Spring Meeting  2008 

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  • Chitosan-based organic-inorganic hybrid hollow nanoparticles for bone tissue generation

    32nd International conference and exposition on advanced ceramics and composites, ICACC-S5-0412008  2008 

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  • Ultraviolet irradiation had limited effects on enhancing in vitro apatite formation on sol-gel derived titania film

    32nd International conference and exposition on advanced ceramics and composites, ICACC-S5-0232008  2008 

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  • 結晶性酸化チタン層のアパタイト形成能に及ぼす紫外線照射の影響

    日本セラミックス協会2008年年会,講演番号1K29  2008 

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  • セラミック人工骨材料のin vitro吸収性評価法

    日本セラミックス協会2008年年会,講演番号1K21  2008 

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  • 固体NMR 分光法によるオキシ酸アニオン含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの局所構造解析

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第46回セラミックス基礎科学討論会,講演番号2B03  2008 

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  • 酸化チタン層の物理的及び化学的パターニングとin vitro アパタイト形成

    日本セラミックス協会基礎科学部会第46回セラミックス基礎科学討論会,講演番号2B02  2008 

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  • 陰イオン修飾したヒドロキシアパタイトの微細構造と性質

    第12回生体関連セラミックス討論会発表予稿集  2008 

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  • 各種金属基板上へのフィブリノーゲン吸着に及ぼす表面物性の影響

    第12回生体関連セラミックス討論会発表予稿集,2008.12.5,  2008 

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  • ナノトポグラフィーを有する酸化チタン層上での細胞増殖性

    日本セラミックス協会 第21回秋季シンポジウム  2008 

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  • 空間デザインによって誘起される自己組織化単分子膜上へのアパタイト析出

    日本セラミックス協会 第21回秋季シンポジウム  2008 

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  • 空間デザインと熱酸化によってアパタイト形成能を付与したチタン系人工関節

    日本セラミックス協会 第20回秋季シンポジウム  2008 

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  • Enhancement of the in vitro apatite-forming ability of sol-gel derived titania films by ultraviolet irradiation

    Joint Conferences of The First International Conference on the Science and Technology for Advanced Ceramics (STAC) and JTMC  2007 

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  • Preparation and characterization of inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles with hollow structure

    The 24th International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics  2007 

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  • Organic-inorganic hybrid scaffolds for cell culture and tissue regeneration

    The 7th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PacRim7)  2007 

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  • 珪酸を含む分解性ハイブリッドゲルの合成とin vitro細胞親和性

    第29回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会, 講演番号BG101  2007 

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  • Interfaces Involving Biomolecules and Inorganic Materials: The Solid State NMR Point of View.

    Symposium MM: Biomolecular and Biologically Inspired Interfaces and Assemblies, MM8.8, Materials Research Society, 2007 Fall Meeting  2007 

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  • Characterization of protein adsorption on alginic acid layers immobilized on the stainless-steel surface

    International Symposium on Sustainable Energy & Materials (ISSEM2007)  2007 

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  • Hybrid chitosan membranes tested in sheep for guided tissue regeneration

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • Novel bioactive and biodegradable gelatin-siloxane hybrid nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering

    The 7th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PacRim7)  2007 

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  • ゾルゲル由来のチタニア薄膜上へのアパタイトのバイオミメティック析出

    2007年日本化学会西日本大会 (講演番号2I1-17)  2007 

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  • Biodegradable Chitosan-silicate Porous Hybrids for Drug Delivery

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • 温水処理によるガラスからの酸化亜鉛マイクロファイバーの形成

    第48回ガラスおよびフォトニクス材料討論会  2007 

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  • Structure and in vitro Solubility of Silicon-substituted Hydroxyapatite

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • Synthesis and Characterization of Mg-Containing Nano-Apatite

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • Sol-gel synthesis and in vitro cell compatibility analysis of silicate-containing biodegradable hybrid gels

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • Preparation and Characterization of Boron-containing Hydroxyapatite

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • 隙間空間の制御によるチタン系金属へのアパタイト形成能付与

    日本金属学会2007年秋季(第141回)大会 (講演番号56,p.189)  2007 

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  • 酸化チタン層のin vitroアパタイト形成能に及ぼす隙間の効果

    日本セラミックス協会第20回秋季シンポジウム  2007 

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  • Synthesis and protein adsorption property of ferric ion-containing hydroxyapatite

    The Asian Bioceramics 2007  2007 

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  • Convenient apatite coating on gelatin-GPTMS-Ca hybrids

    The Asian Bioceramics 2007  2007 

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  • Gap effect on the heterogeneous nucleation of apatite on thermally oxidized titanium substrate.

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • Enhanced in vitro apatite-formiang ability of sol-gel derived titania films by ultraviolet irradiation

    Bioceramics20  2007 

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  • 酸化チタンナノロッド配列構造の構築と血液適合性の評価

    第14回ヤングセラミストミーティングin中四国, 講演番号K70  2007 

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  • ゼラチンを用いた骨組織再生用足場材料の設計と合成

    第14回ヤングセラミストミーティングin中四国, 講演番号K39  2007 

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  • ゼラチン-GPTMSハイブリッド材料の架橋構造

    第11回生体関連セラミックス討論会, 講演番号S-01  2007 

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  • Preparation and NMR spectroscopic Characterization of Si-hybridized Hydroxyapatite,

    1st Asian Biomaterials Congress, ABMC(第1回アジアバイオマテリアル会議)  2007 

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  • Bilirubin adsorption on sol-gel derived titania

    XIVth International Sol-Gel conference  2007 

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  • In vitro degradability and protein release behavior of gelatin-silicate porous hybrids

    XIVth International Sol-Gel conference  2007 

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  • ガラス表面でのアパタイトロッド配列構造の形成

    日本セラミックス協会第20回秋季シンポジウム  2007 

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  • Bilirubin adsorption using titanium oxide particles

    XXXIV Annual ESAO congress (abstract No.57, p.704)  2007 

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  • Formation of nano-scale rod array of hydroxyapatite on glass surface

    XXIst International Congress on Glass  2007 

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  • Formation of micro-scale rod array of hydroxyapatite on glass surface

    XXIst International Congress on Glass  2007 

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  • シリカ-天然高分子複合ナノ粒子の合成とバイオミネラリゼーション

    日本ゾルゲル学会第5回討論会(講演番号6,28頁)  2007 

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  • ゼラチン-シリケートハイブリッドの有機ー無機界面における架橋構造制御

    日本ゾルゲル学会第5回討論会(講演番号5,27頁)  2007 

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  • 鉄含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの合成とタンパク質吸着

    日本セラミックス協会2007年年会  2007 

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  • In vitro apatite deposition on micro-patterned titania layers

    第45回セラミックス基礎科学討論会(The 45th Symposium on Basic Science of Ceramics and International Symposium on Interdisciplinary Science of Nanomaterials)  2007 

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  • Hydroxyapatite Hybridized with Si(IV) and Zn(II)

    10th International Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic  2007 

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  • Hydroxyapatite Hybridized with Metal Oxides for Biomedical Applications

    The Fifth Asian-Australasian Conference on Composite Materials (ACCM-5), Symposium on Composites in Medicine  2006 

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  • In Vitro Apatite Deposition on Micro-Patterned Titania Layers

    The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006 (ABC2006)  2006 

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  • Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Nanoapatite Ceramics Powders

    The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006 (ABC2006)  2006 

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  • Bonelike Apatite Formation on Synthetic Organic Polymers and Fiber Coated with Titania

    The 19th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 19)  2006 

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  • In Vitro Apatite-Forming Ability of Titania Films Depends on Their Substrates

    The 19th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 19)  2006 

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  • Preparation of Porous Organically-Modified Silicate Hybrid Cell Culture Matrix

    The 19th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 19)  2006 

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  • Preparation of Hydroxyapatite / Titania Double Layer Coating on Poly-l-lactide due to Hydrolysis of Titanium Tetrachloride

    The 19th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 19)  2006 

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  • ゾルーゲル法を利用したリン酸カルシウム複合型活性炭の作製

    日本セラミックス協会第19回秋季シンポジウム  2006 

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  • ガラス表面におけるアパタイトマイクロロッドアレーの形成

    日本セラミックス協会第19回秋季シンポジウム  2006 

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  • Cell proliferation on titania layer with in vitro apatite forming ability

    The 19th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 19)  2006 

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  • シリコン含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの局所構造とin vitro溶解性

    日本セラミックス協会第19回秋季シンポジウム  2006 

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  • MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRIDS PREPARED FROM HEMA AND MPS

    The Sixth Asian BioCeramics Symposium 2006 (ABC2006)  2006 

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  • キトサン-シリケート複合体の in vitro 生体活性および細胞適合性

    日本ゾルーゲル学会第5回討論会  2006 

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  • ゾルーゲル法を利用したシリカ複合型ヒドロキシアパタイトの合成とその形態制御

    日本ゾルーゲル学会第5回討論会  2006 

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  • Platelet interaction with titanium oxide rod arrays formed at glass/titanium interface

    Eighth European Society of Glass Science and Technology Conference (8th ESG/ICG Annual Meeting/SGT Annual Meeting  2006 

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  • TEOS-PDMS型ナノハイブリッドの力学的特性制御

    第44回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2006 

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  • ゼラチン-シリケートハイブリッドの架橋構造と分解性

    日本セラミックス協会2006年年会  2006 

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  • 固体二次元NMRによる炭酸含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの局所構造解析

    日本セラミックス協会2006年年会  2006 

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  • 金属チタンの表面改質とin vitro生体活性評価

    整形外科第26回セラミック・インプラント研究会シンポジウム「新たなコーティーング材料の開発と臨床応用への展望  2006 

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  • 各種基板上に作製した酸化チタン膜の擬似体液下でのアパタイト形成

    第10回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2006 

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  • In vitro evaluation of biocompatibility of titanium oxide layer formed on metallic substrates

    International Conference on Design of Biomaterials, (BIND-06) and XVII Annual Meeting of SBAOI, Session X: Biomaterial Application  2006 

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  • 金属チタン表面への酸化チタンロッド配列構造の創製とin vitro 生体適合性

    第28回日本バイオマテリアル学会  2006 

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  • 酸化処理による医療用金属チタンの細胞適合性の改善

    第13回ヤングセラミストミーティング in中四国  2006 

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  • 化学処理した金属チタン板上での細胞増殖性

    第10回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2006 

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  • Novel process for submicron-scale ceramic rod array formation on metallic substrate

    6th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology, PACRIM  2005 

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  • Synthesis and structural characterization of metal oxides hybridized nanohydroxyapatite powders for gas adsorbent

    6th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology, PACRIM  2005 

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  • Biologically active titania deposition into cotton &macr;brils from titania colloidal solutions

    13th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology  2005 

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  • In vitro bioactivity and cytocom-patibility of chitosan-silicate porous hybrids

    13th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology  2005 

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  • Preparation and synthesis of chitosan-silicate hybrids

    European congress on advanced materials and processes (EUROMAT2005)  2005 

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  • In vitro biodegradability and protein release behavior of chitosan-silicate porous hybrids

    13th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology  2005 

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  • Chemically modi&macr;ed alginic acid layers for control of protein adsorption

    Materials Research Society Spring Meeting,  2005 

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  • 医用金属表面へのキトサン-シリケートハイブリッド膜の作製

    日本セラミックス協会2005年年会  2005 

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  • キトサン-シリケートハイブリッドの構造と細胞適合性

    第19 回キチン・キトサンシンポジウム  2005 

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  • 二重膜構造型ゼラチンシリケート多孔体の作製と薬物の段階的徐放

    日本ゾルゲル学会第3回討論会  2005 

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  • 亜鉛含有アパタイトの病因タンパク質選択吸着特性( 2 )

    日本セラミックス協会2005年年会  2005 

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  • ゾルゲル法によるシリカ複合型ヒドロキシアパタイト粉末の作製

    日本セラミックス協会2005年年会  2005 

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  • ステンレスに固定化したアルギン酸のタンパク質吸着特性とその制御

    日本セラミックス協会2005年年会  2005 

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  • チタン合金表面へのナノ結晶性酸化チタン被膜の創成 その2

    第43 回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2005 

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  • 水熱処理により金属チタン表面に形成したチタニア水和物の結晶構造とin vitroアパタイト形成能

    第43 回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2005 

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  • ナノ結晶性酸化チタン層のin vitro アパタイト形成に及ぼすリン酸イオン吸着の影響

    日本セラミックス協会第9 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2005 

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  • ゼラチンーシリケートハイブリッドの分解性とタンパク徐放性

    第27 回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2005 

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  • アルギン酸修飾したステンレスのタンパク質吸着特性

    日本セラミックス協会第9 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2005 

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  • 亜鉛含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの構造とタンパク質選択吸着特性

    第9 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2005 

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  • 過酸化水素水溶液処理による金属チタン表面の生体活性酸化層形成

    第25 回日本口腔インプラント学会中国四国支部総会・学術大会  2005 

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  • Fabrication of calcium phosphate-based composite oxide particles for biomedical applications

    Composites at Lake Louise 2005  2005 

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  • キトサン-シリケートハイブリッドのin vitro 生体活性と細胞適合性

    第27 回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2005 

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  • Modification of dental implant surface for inducing periodontal tissue formation.

    The 22nd International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics  2005 

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  • ゼラチン-シリケートハイブリッド多孔体の構造と薬剤徐放性

    関西支部・中国四国支部連合学術講演会  2005 

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  • In vitro apatite formation on nano-crystalline titanium oxide layer grown at glass-coating/titanium interface

    5th Asian BioCeramics Symposium (ABC2005)  2005 

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  • Surface characterization and corrosion behavior of NiTi alloy coated with nano-crystalline titanium oxide film

    5th Asian BioCeramics Symposium (ABC2005)  2005 

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  • Bioactive inorganic-organic hybrid gels for biomedical applications

    A Forecast of the Future for Biomaterials Professor Larry L. Hench Retirement Symposium  2005 

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  • ナノ結晶性酸化チタン層のin vitro 生体活性に及ぼす無機イオン吸着の影響

    日本セラミックス協会第18回秋季シンポジウム  2005 

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  • In vitro protein release behavior of gelatin-silicate porous hybrids

    5th Asian BioCeramics Symposium(ABC2005)  2005 

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  • Deposition of bioactive titania layers under ambient conditions due to hydrolysis of titanium oxysulfate aqueous solutions

    5th Asian BioCeramics Symposium(ABC2005)  2005 

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  • Nano-crystalline Titanium oxide layer grown at glass-coating/titanium interface for biomedical application

    Third Balkan Conference on Glass Science and Technology, 15th Conference on Glass and Ceramics  2005 

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  • 歯科インプラント表面への歯周組織形成誘導能付与に関する研究

    第49 回日本学術会議材料研究連合講演会  2005 

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  • 金属チタン基板上への酸化チタンロッド配列構造の創製とin vitro 生体活性

    日本セラミックス協会第18回秋季シンポジウム  2005 

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  • 病因タンパク質選択吸着特性を有する炭酸含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの微細構造

    日本セラミックス協会第18回秋季シンポジウム  2005 

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  • Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Nanoapatite Ceramics Powders for Biomedical Applications

    6th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology, PACRIM  2005 

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  • Direct Deposition of Rutile Layer on Polymer Substrates to induce Bioactivity In Vitro

    Bioceramics 18  2005 

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  • Characterization of Sol-Gel derived Titania Films on Titanium and Biomimetic Apatite-Formation

    Bioceramics 18  2005 

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  • In Vitro Bioactivity of Hydrogen Peroxide Modi&macr;ed Titanium: Effects of Surface Morphology and Film Thickness

    Bioceramics 18  2005 

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  • Selective Protein Adsorption Property and Structure of Nano-Crystalline Hydroxy-carbonate Apatite

    Bioceramics 18  2005 

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  • Conformational Change of Protein due to Contact with Bioceramic Materials

    The 17th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.17, pp. 517-520 2004.12.8-12  2004 

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  • Preparation of Porous TEOSPDMS Hybrids and Their Apprication for Cell CultureMatrix

    XX Int. Congr. Glass (ICG)  2004 

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  • 亜鉛含有アパタイトの病因タンパク質選択吸着特性

    日本セラミックス協会第17 回秋季シンポジウム  2004 

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  • 骨髄細胞を用いたキトサン-シリケート複合体の細胞適合性評価

    日本バイオマテリアル学会シンポジウム2004  2004 

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  • ナノインターフェイス制御による新規医用材料の創製

    大学発新事業創出促進事業技術シーズ発信会  2004 

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  • In Vitro Biodegradability of Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrid Membrane

    The 17th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2004 

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  • 酸化チタン層のアパタイト形成能

    第8 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2004 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Organicinorganic Biomedical Materials

    The 17th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2004 

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  • 高抗血栓性を有するチタン系金属の開発イノベーションジャパン2004

    イノベーションジャパン2004  2004 

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  • In Vitro Apatite-forming Ability of Titania Films Derived from Chemical Treatment of Titanium with Hydrogen Peroxide Solution

    Asian BioCeramics  2004 

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  • 金属チタン基板上での酸化チタンナノ・マイクロロッドの配向成長

    関西支部・中国四国支部連合学術講演会  2004 

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  • 骨形成を誘起するキトサン-シリケート複合体の創製

    第53 回高分子討論会  2004 

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  • Protein Adsorption Properties of Stainless-steel and Titanium Modified with Alginic Acid

    7th World Biomaterials Congress,  2004 

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  • Hydroxyapatite Formation On and Inside of Cotton Fibrilla with an Oxysulfate Solution

    7th World Biomaterials Congress  2004 

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  • 有機成分をハイブリッド化したセラミックス医用材料に関する研究

    関西支部・中国四国支部連合学術講演会  2004 

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  • ゾル-ゲル法により作製した酸化チタン膜のアパタイト形成能(その1)

    日本ゾル-ゲル学会第2回討論会  2004 

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  • 耐久性と生体親和性を併せ持つ三次元多孔体の設計と作製

    平成15 年度独創的起業化シーズ発掘事業研究成果発表会  2004 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Sol-gel Derived Metal Oxide Layers -In Vitro Evaluation International Symposium on Bio-Inspired System

    International Symposium on Bio-Inspired System  2004 

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  • 金属チタン板上への酸化チタンナノロッドアレーの創製

    日本セラミックス協会2004 年年会  2004 

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  • 酸化チタンの血液適合性について

    日本セラミックス協会2004 年年会サテライトプログラム 第2 回ベクトルセラミックス研究討論会  2004 

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  • チタン合金表面へのナノ結晶性酸化チタン被膜の創製

    第42 回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2004 

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  • TEOS-PDMS ハイブリッド多孔体の細胞培養用マトリックスへの応用

    日本セラミックス協会2004 年年会  2004 

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  • Preparation of Titanate Nano-Rod Array on Titanium Substrates by Novel Microflux Method

    106th Annual Meeting & Exposition of The American Ceramic Society  2004 

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  • ゾルゲル法により作製したアルミナ含有ハイドロキシアパタイト粉末の特性

    日本セラミックス協会2004 年年会  2004 

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  • 金属チタン基板上での酸化チタンサブマイクロ微細構造の創製

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin 中四国  2004 

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  • 有機-無機ハイブリッド多孔体の作製と生体材料への応用

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin 中四国  2004 

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  • 多孔質キトサン-GPSM 複合体の作製とin vitro 生体適合性

    第8 回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2004 

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  • Formation of Titania Submicron-Scale Rod Arrays on Titanium Substrate and In Vitro Biocompatibility

    Materials Research Society Fall Meeting  2004 

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  • 各種金属酸化物の血液適合性

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティング in 中四国  2004 

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  • ビリルビン吸着特性を有するチタニアのゾルゲル合成

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin 中四国  2004 

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  • TEOS-PDMS 系ハイブリッド膜の作製と生体活性制御

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin 中四国  2004 

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  • 金属チタン表面への生体活性酸化チタン層の創成とその微細構造

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin 中四国  2004 

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  • イオン置換型アパタイトのタンパク質吸着特性

    第11 回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティング in 中四国  2004 

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  • In Vitro Blood Compatibility of Metal Implants HybridizedWith Organic or Inorganic Materials

    4th Asian International Symposium on Biomaterials (AISB4)  2004 

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  • Preparation and Cell Response of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids

    Biomaterialien  2004 

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  • Preparation of Titania Nano-rod Array on Titanium Substrates by Microflux Method

    XX Int. Congr. Glass (ICG)  2004 

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  • 病因タンパク質選択吸着特性を有するヒドロキシアパタイトの合成と微細構造評価

    粉体粉末冶金協会 平成16年度秋季大会  2004 

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  • Platelet Adhesion on Sol-gel Derived Metal Oxide Films

    The 21th International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics  2004 

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  • In Vitro Biological Reactivity of Porous Chitosan-organosiloxane Hybrids

    XX Int. Congr. Glass (ICG)  2004 

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  • バイオセラミックスとの接触による牛血清アルブミンの構造変化

    日本セラミックス協会第17 回秋季シンポジウム  2004 

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  • アルギン酸を固定化した金属のタ ンパク質吸着特性

    第25回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2003 

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  • TEOS-PDMS型ナノハイブリッド多孔体の合成と生体適合性

    第44回ガラスおよびフォトニクス材料討論会  2003 

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  • Control of Morphology of Titania Film with High Apatite-forming Ability Derived From Chemical Treatments of Titanium with Hydrogen Peroxide

    The 16th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2003 

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  • Platelet Adhesion on Metal Oxide Layers

    The 16th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2003 

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  • Titanate Nano-rods Grown on Titanium Substrates

    The 20th International Japan-Korea Seminar on Ceramics, pp. 299-302, 2003.11.20-22  2003 

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  • Effect of Metals on Generation and Dismutation of Active Oxygen Species in Blood

    The 3nd Asian BioCeramics Symposium (ABC2003)  2003 

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  • Anti-blood Clotting Behavior of Metal Implants Hybridized with Organic or Inorganic Coating

    Composites at Lake Louise 2003  2003 

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  • 生体機能ガラスの基礎と応用

    2003年度ニューガラス大学院 応用課程  2003 

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  • Platelet Adhesion on Titania Film Prepared from Interaction of Ni-Ti Alloy with Hydrogen Peroxide Solution

    The 16th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2003 

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  • In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Osteoblastic Cells Cultured on Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrid Membrane

    The 16th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics  2003 

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  • キトサン-シリケート複合体の合成とin vitro細胞適合性評価

    第7回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2003 

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  • ゾル-ゲル法により作製した各種金属酸化物のin vitro血小板粘着性評価

    第7回生体関連セラミックス討論会予稿集,講演番号I-19,19頁,2003.12.4  2003 

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  • Porous Organic - Inorganic Hybrids for Tissue Engineering Application

    The 8th IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials  2003 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Titanium Oxide Layer Prepared by Chemical and Heat Treatments.

    The 5th International Meeting of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies  2003 

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  • Preparation and Properties of Hydroxyapatite Powder with Metal Alkoxide

    The 5th International Meeting of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies  2003 

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  • Apatite Formation on Bioactive Glass and Titanium Substrate in the Kokubo's Simulated Body Fluid Containing Organic Molecules

    The 5th International Meeting of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies  2003 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Sol-gel Derived Metal Oxide Layers

    The 5th International Meeting of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies  2003 

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  • Blood-Compatible Titania and Carbonate Apatite for Selective Adsorption of Protains

    The 5th International Meeting of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies  2003 

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive and Porous Organic-Inorganic Hybrids and their Biomedical Applications

    12th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology  2003 

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  • Synthesis of Blood Compatible PDMS-based Organic-inorganic Hybrid Coatings

    12th International Workshop on Sol-Gel Science and Technology  2003 

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  • ゾル-ゲル法で作製した各種金属酸化物の血液適合性

    日本セラミックス協会支部連合学術講演会  2003 

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  • In Vitro Biological Reactivity of Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrid

    European Congress and Exhibition on Advanced Materials and Processes (EUROMAT2003), Symposium C3, Session:Bio-Active and Bio-Hybrid Materials  2003 

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  • In Vitro Platelet Adhesion and Protein Adsorption of Biomedical Implant Modified with Polysaccharide

    The 8th IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials  2003 

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  • キトサン-シリケート複合体の微細構造と細胞適合性の評価

    第25回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2003 

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  • 病因タンパク質吸着特性を有する炭酸含有アパタイトの合成

    第10回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin中四国予稿集  2003 

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  • Synthesis of Titanium Oxide Layer with Biocompatibility

    The 41th Symposium on Basic Science of Ceramics in Conjunction with Nanotechnology Symposium for World Young Ceramists  2003 

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  • ガラスの重合構造及び化学結合状態と生体機能性

    日本セラミックス協会ガラス部会主催 第35回ガラス部会夏季若手セミナー  2003 

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  • Hydroxy-Carbonate Apatite: Synthesis, Blood Compatibility and Adsorption of Specific Pathogenic Proteins

    The ACerS 105th Annual Meeting and Exposition  2003 

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  • ゾル-ゲル法による有機-無機ハイブリッドの合成と生体適合性

    日本ゾル-ゲル学会第1回討論会  2003 

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  • 材料のアパタイト形成能に及ぼす模擬体液中の有機成分の影響(II)

    日本セラミックス協会2003年年会  2003 

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  • 金属酸化物の生体反応性

    日本セラミックス協会2003年年会サテライトプログラム第2回ベクトルセラミックス研究討論会  2003 

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  • Effects of Organic Molecules in the Kokubo's Simulated Body Fluid on Apatite Formation on Bioactive Glass and Titanium Substrates

    The ACerS 105th Annual Meeting and Exposition  2003 

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  • キトサン-オルガノシロキサン複合体のin vitro生体反応性

    日本セラミックス協会2003年年会  2003 

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  • 炭酸含有ヒドロキシアパタイトの選択的タンパク質吸着 その2

    第41回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2003 

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  • Bioactive Titania Gel-Derived from Combined Chemical and Thermal Treatments of Titanium

    The 27th Annual Cocoa Beach Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics & Composites  2003 

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  • 炭酸含有ヒドロキシアパタイトを用いた血中病因タンパクの選択的吸着

    日本セラミックス協会2002年年会  2002 

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  • Low Temperature Synthesis of Bioactive Titania Thin Films by Two-step Treatment

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • Low Temperature Deposition of Bioactive Crystalline Titania Films: Effects of Tantalum

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • Biomimetic Apatite Deposition on Titanium Substrates Treated with Low Concentration H2O2 Solutions

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive and Porous Organic-inorganic Hybrids for Biomedical Applications

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • Selective Adsorption of Proteins on Hydroxy-Carbonate Apatite

    The 40th Symposium on Basic Science of Ceramics International Symposium on New Wave of Ceramics for the 21st Century  2002 

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  • Platelet Adhesion on Oxidated Titanium Substrates

    The 40th Symposium on Basic Science of Ceramics International Symposium on New Wave of Ceramics for the 21st Century  2002 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Stainless-steel and Titanium Immobilized with Alginic Acid Layers

    Materials Research Society Fall Meeting  2002 

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  • 天然高分子-無機複合体の細胞適合性評価

    第24回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2002 

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  • アルギン酸を固定化した金属の血液適合性

    第24回日本バイオマテリアル学会大会  2002 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Metal Oxide Layers on Stainless-steel

    Materials Research Society Fall Meeting  2002 

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  • 有機-無機ハイブリッド材料の骨芽細胞様細胞に対する適合性

    第24回日本バイオマテリアル学会  2002 

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  • TEOS-PDMS型多孔質ナノハイブリッドの生体活性

    高分子学会第51回高分子討論会  2002 

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  • 酸化処理した金属チタンのin vitro生体適合性評価

    日本セラミックス協会第15回秋季シンポジウム  2002 

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  • Blood Compatibility of Titanium Oxide Gels on Titanium Substrates

    The19th Korea-Japan International Seminar on Ceramics  2002 

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  • Effects of Organic Molecules in the Kokubo's Simulated Body Fluid on Apatite Formation on Glass and Titanium Substrates

    The 2nd Asian BioCeramics symposium (ABC2002)  2002 

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  • 多孔質Ormosil型ハイブリッドのin vitro生体適合性評価

    日本セラミックス協会第15回秋季シンポジウム  2002 

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  • 金属酸化物層の血液適合性

    日本セラミックス協会支部連合学術講演会  2002 

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  • Preparation of Anatase and Rutile Layers on Titanium Substrates in Aqueous Solutions and Their Tissue-bonding Ability

    The American Ceramic Society, 104th Annual Meeting & Exposition  2002 

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  • Biomimetic Apatite Deposition on Sol-gel Derived Silica Gel

    Materials Research Society Spring Meeting  2002 

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  • フッ化物イオンを含むケイ酸塩ガラスのバイオミネラリゼーション

    日本セラミックス協会2002年年会  2002 

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  • Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrids for Biomedical Applications

    The 3rd Asian international Symposium on Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems,  2002 

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  • Surface Characterization and Platelet Adhesion of Alginic Acid Layers on Glass Substrates

    The 3rd Asian International Symposium on Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems,  2002 

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  • Apatite Formation and Cell Adhesion on Silicone Surface Modified with γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane by Emulsion Polymerization

    The International Symposium on Bio-integrated Materials and Tissue Engineering  2002 

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive Porous Organic-Inorganic Hybrid materials for Biomedical Application

    The International Symposium on Bio-integrated Materials and Tissue Engineering  2002 

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  • 熱酸化または化学酸化した金属Ti基板の抗血栓性

    日本セラミックス協会2002年年会  2002 

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  • Deactivation of Active Oxygen Species due to Metals and Their Blood Compatibility

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • チタン酸化物層の血液適合性

    第9回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティング in 中四国  2002 

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  • Response to Osteoblastic Cell of the Organic-Inorganic Hybrids

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • H2O2処理による金属チタン表面の酸化層形成機構

    日本セラミックス協会第6回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2002 

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  • 天然高分子を固定化した金属の血液適合性

    日本セラミックス協会第6回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2002 

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  • Cytocompatibility on Silicone Modified with Organoalkoxysilane due to Emulsion Polymerization

    The 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, Vol.15  2002 

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  • ゾルーゲル法により合成したチタニアの血液適合性と血漿タンパク質吸着特性

    日本セラミックス協会2001年年会  2001 

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  • In Vitro Apatite Formation on Titanium Treated with a Hydrogen Peroxide Solution

    18th International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics  2001 

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  • In Vitro Evaluation on Bone-Bonding of Chemically Modified Titanium

    14th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 14)  2001 

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  • Apatite Induction on Titania due to Combined Chemical and Thermal Treatments of Titanium

    14th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 14)  2001 

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  • Heating Effect on Properties of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids containing Containing Colloidal Silica Particles

    14th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 14)  2001 

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  • Synthesis of Carbonate-Hydroxy Apatite and Selective Adsorption Activity Against Specific Pathogenic Substances

    14th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 14)  2001 

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  • Structure of Divalent Metal Oxyfluorosilicate glass

    XIXth International Congress on Glass  2001 

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  • In Vitro Evaluation of the Osteoblast Response to Sol-Gel Derived Gelatin-Siloxane Hybrids

    11th International Workshop on Glasses, Ceramics, Hybrids and Nanocomposites from Gels  2001 

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  • Synthesis of PDMS Based Porous Materials for Biomedical Applications

    11th International Workshop on Glasses, Ceramics, Hybrids and Nanocomposites from Gels  2001 

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  • Effects of Metal Ions in Simulated Body Fluids on Biomimetic Reactions of Materials

    International Symposia on Materials Science for the 21th Century (ISMS-21)  2001 

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  • 金属チタンの血液適合性制御

    日本セラミックス協会2001年年会  2001 

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  • In Vitro Bioactivity and Structure of Alkali Borosilicate Glasses

    XIXth International Congress on Glass  2001 

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  • Sol-Gel Derived Gelatin-Siloxane Hybrids

    International Symposia on Materials Science for the 21th Century (ISMS-21)  2001 

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  • 高血液適合性チタニアゲルの作成

    第39回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2001 

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  • 多孔質シリカゲル表面でのアパタイト形成機構

    第39回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2001 

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  • 有機高分子基板の表面修飾による生体親和性の改善

    日本セラミックス協会2001年年会  2001 

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  • 電気化学的手法による金属チタン表面のアパタイト形成能制御

    日本バイオマテリアル学会シンポジウム2000  2000 

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  • チタニアの血液適合性とタンパク質吸着特性

    第7回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin中四国  2000 

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  • 多孔質シリカ表面のアパタイト形成ー模擬体液中のイオン濃度の影響

    第4回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2000 

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  • 電気化学処理による金属チタン表面の高生体活性化

    第4回生体関連セラミックス討論会  2000 

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  • Bioactivity of Electrochemically Treated Titanium

    17th International Korea-Japan Seminar on Ceramics  2000 

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  • Biomimetic Deposition of Calcium Phosphate on Thermally Oxidized Titanium and PTFE Substrates

    13th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 13)  2000 

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  • Blood Compatibility and Protein Adsorption Characteristics of Sol-Gel Derived Titania

    13th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 13)  2000 

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  • Blood Compatibility and SOD Activity of H2O2-Oxidated Titanium Substrates

    13th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 13)  2000 

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  • Biomimetic Deposition of Apatite on Electrochemically Oxidized Titanium Substrates

    13th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 13)  2000 

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  • The in vitro Apatite Deposition on the Titanium with Oxidation

    6th World Biomaterials Congress  2000 

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  • Blood compatibility of Titanium treated with Hydrogen Peroxide Solution containing Metal Chloride

    6th World Biomaterials Congress  2000 

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  • 電気化学処理した金属チタンのアパタイト形成(II)

    第13回日本セラミックス協会秋季シンポジウム  2000 

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  • 生体活性な有機-無機ハイブリッド材料の合成

    第38回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2000 

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  • ゾルーゲル法を用いた生体活性な有機ム無機ハイブリッドの設計と合成

    第38回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2000 

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  • 生体活性なキトサンーシリケート複合材料の合成

    日本セラミックス協会2000年年会  2000 

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  • ケイ酸塩ガラス表面でのアパタイト形成過程の解析

    第38回セラミックス基礎科学討論会  2000 

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  • 柔軟性を有する有機ム無機ハイブリッド材料の合成

    第13回日本セラミックス協会秋季シンポジウム  2000 

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  • ビニルアルコキシシランで表面修飾した有機高分子の生体活性

    第13回日本セラミックス協会秋季シンポジウム  2000 

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  • シリカを含む有機-無機ハイブリット材料の生体活性および機械的特性

    日本バイオマテリアル学会シンポジウム2000  2000 

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  • Biomimetic Deposition of Calcium Phosphates in a Simulated Body Fluid

    15th University Conference on Glass Science  1999 

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive Organic-Inorganic Hybrids Reinforced with Aerosil

    12th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine (Bioceramics 12)  1999 

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  • In Vitro Bioactivity of Titania Gel Layers Formed by Reaction Between Titanium Substrates and an H2O2/TaCl5 Solution

    12th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 12)  1999 

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  • PbF2-PbO-SiO2系ガラスの構造

    第40回ガラスおよびフォトニクス材料討論会  1999 

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  • チタニアゲルの血液適合性の評価

    第3回生体関連セラミックス討論会  1999 

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  • 電気化学処理した金属チタンのアパタイト形成

    日本セラミックス協会第12回秋季シンポジウム  1999 

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  • Synthesis of Bioactive Organic-Inorganic Hybrid with γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane

    10th International Workshop on Glasses, Ceramics, Hybrids and Nanocomposites from Gels  1999 

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  • Synthesis of Blood Compatible Ceramic Powders and New Methods of Examining Anti-clotting Properties

    12th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine(Bioceramics 12)  1999 

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  • チタニアゲルの血液適合性とタンパク質吸着

    日本セラミックス協会第12回秋季シンポジウム  1999 

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  • Apatite Formation on Electrochemically Treated Titanium

    Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc  1999 

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  • 電気化学処理による金属チタン表面のアパタイト形成能

    第6回ヤングセラミスト・ミーティングin中四国  1999 

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  • Chemical State of Fluoride ions in Oxyfluoroborate and Oxyfluorosilicate Glass

    16th International Japan-Korea Seminar on Ceramics  1999 

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  • Viscoelastic Properties and Bioactivity of Gelatin-Silicate composites

    The Fifth IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials, Symposium S: Biomedical Materials  1999 

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  • 重金属イオンを含む過酸化水素水溶液で処理したTi金属表面のアパタイト形成能

    日本セラミックス協会1999年年会  1999 

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  • ゼラチン-シリケートコンポジットの合成とアパタイト形成能

    日本セラミックス協会1999年年会  1999 

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  • Surface Modification of Polymer with Graftinig and Coating of Silane Hybrids and Their Bioactivity

    Mat. Res. Soc. Symp  1999 

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  • Development of New Biomaterials for an Improved Quality of Life

    7th Institute of Materials Conference on Materials for Health & Wealth  1999 

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  • 擬似体液中の遷移金属イオンがアパタイト形成に及ぼす影響

    日本セラミックス協会1999年年会  1999 

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  • Biomimetic response of Titania Gel Formed through Reaction between Ti and H2O2

    日本セラミックス協会中国四国支部・関西支部平成11年度支部連合学術講演会  1999 

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Works

  • マイクロ空間デザインによるチタン系医用金属への骨伝導性付与

    2008

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Awards

  • ACTA BIOMATERIALIA 2016 Reviewer Award

    2017  

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  • アメリカ材料学会Ribbon award

    2005  

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    Country:Japan

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  • 日本セラミックス協会2004 JCerSJ優秀論文賞

    2005  

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    Country:Japan

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  • 岡山工学振興会 科学技術賞

    2003  

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    Country:Japan

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  • The 52 Award for Young Investigator of The Ceramic Society of Japan

    1998  

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    Country:Japan

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  • 第52回日本セラミックス協会賞進歩賞(第652号)

    1998  

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    Country:Japan

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  • 岡山工学振興会科学技術賞

    1997  

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    Country:Japan

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Research Projects

  • Specification of Si(IV) species structure to cellular response for new tissue engineering scaffolds

    Grant number:19H04471  2019.04 - 2022.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    SHIROSAKI YUKI

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    Grant amount:\16380000 ( Direct expense: \12600000 、 Indirect expense:\3780000 )

    Many studies have been reported on osteoblast compatibility and bone regeneration using composites and hybrids, including silica or siloxane units. However, it is not clear the structure of molecules involving silicon atoms that has a more effective role in the cell activity and their mechanisms of cell activation. In this study, we prepared hybrid materials from chitosan and different types of alkoxysilane and investigated the structures of the silicon-containing species dissolved from each hybrid and their effect on the proliferation of nerve cells.

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  • Fabrication of paste-like artificial bones with enhanced biological properties

    Grant number:26750159  2014.04 - 2017.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

    Konishi Toshiisa, Hayakawa Satoshi, Yoshioka Tomohiko, Nagano Yasuyuki

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    Grant amount:\3900000 ( Direct expense: \3000000 、 Indirect expense:\900000 )

    With the intent to combine osteoconductivity with angiogenic property, the present study aimed to fabricate copper and silicon co-doped β-tricalcium phosphates (β-TCP).
    Copper-doped β-TCP(s) were successfully synthesized via both solid-state and liquid-phase reaction. In addition, the effect of copper on the dissolution behaviors of copper TCP (CuTCP) was also investigated. The incorporation of copper in the β-TCP resulted in a decrease in the dissolution rate of CuTCP, which was caused by a rate-determining dissolution process of a disordered phase around the CuTCP.

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  • 階層構造制御型セラミック基生医材料の創製と生医機能の複合的発現

    2012.04 - 2016.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 基盤研究B 

    早川 聡

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  • 隙間空間を利用したチタン系医用インプラント材料の設計と評価方法の開発

    2012.04 - 2014.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 挑戦的萌芽研究 

    早川 聡

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  • A multifunctional implant which can achieve the site-specific tissue regeneration

    Grant number:22390366  2010.04 - 2014.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    MAEKAWA Kenji, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, SONOYAMA Wataru, KUBOKI Takuo, ITOH Yoshihiro

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    Grant amount:\19240000 ( Direct expense: \14800000 、 Indirect expense:\4440000 )

    Our previous technique for apatite deposition onto the titanium surface after insertion in human body, can be only applied to the pure titanium surface. However, in order to apply this surface modification technique to clinically used implants, improvement of the technique is necessary, because all the commercially available titanium implants are made from titanium alloy. For this purpose, we developed liquid phase deposition (LPD) technique, which can induce the apatite formation onto the titanium alloy surface after insertion in human body. We found that rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSC) can be attached to this modified titanium alloy surface (treated by LPD technique) and the osseogenesis of rBMSC tended to be accelerated. Recently, the investigation of the bioactivity of this surface modification technique using rat model is still ongoing.

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  • 自己組織化型セラミックナノロッド配列構造の創製と医用工学的応用

    2007.04 - 2009.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 基盤研究B 

    早川 聡

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  • Newly developed bio-active implant by minute control of apatite coating layer.

    Grant number:17390516  2005 - 2008

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    MAEKAWA Kenji, YOSHIDA Yasuhiro, KUBOKI Takuo

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    Grant amount:\17020000 ( Direct expense: \15400000 、 Indirect expense:\1620000 )

    失われた歯を補う目的で顎の骨に埋入されるチタンインプラントが,早期に確実に骨と結合して治療期間が短縮できるよう,チタン表面に生物学的な表面の改質を施した.具体的には,生体内に埋入された時に骨と親和性の高いアパタイトがチタン表面に自己形成される酸化膜を施し,骨の形成能が亢進される表面を開発した。また,ポリリン酸をチタン表面に吸着させることにより,高い生体活性を有するチタンインプラントの開発に繋がる可能性を示した。

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  • 医用材料-細胞界面のナノバイオインターフェイス制御

    Grant number:17656217  2005 - 2006

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  萌芽研究

    尾坂 明義, 早川 聡, 都留 寛治, 許 南浩

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    Grant amount:\3400000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 )

    セラミックス多孔体のように脆性破壊せず,孔内で良好に細胞が生育可能な無機-有機ハイブリッドスキャフォールドを作製した。ポリジメチルシロキサン(PDMS)とテトラエトキシシラン(TEOS)を原料として得られた柔軟性ハイブリッド多孔体に各種哺乳類細胞を三次元で培養した結果,各細胞とも多孔体内で良好に生着している様子が観察された。また,ラジアルフロー型バイオリアクターの細胞担持マトリックスに適用した結果,HepG2細胞は良好に増殖し,単層培養に比べて3倍以上のアルブミン産生能を示した。有機鎖としてキトサンやゼラチン等の天然高分子を用いた有機-無機ハイブリッドについても多孔化と細胞適合性を検討した。キトサンやゼラチンはグリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(GPTMS)と化学的に結合されることでハイブリッド化された。キトサンはGPTMSとのハイブリッド化により,骨芽様細胞の親和性が向上した。ゼラチンにGPTMSをハイブリッド化すると,GPTMSの量により得られるハイブリッドの分解性が調節可能で,ハイブリッド内に担持させたタンパク質の徐放速度をコントロールすることができた。さらに当初の計画にはなかったが,これらのハイブリッド多孔体を脳組織再生支援材料として用いる検討も開始した。
    この種の柔軟型無機-有機ナノハイブリッド多孔体は,多孔化が容易で孔径も自由に制御可能であることから,組織再生を望む箇所への吸収性インプラントやドラッグデリバリーシステムに用いられる薬剤,タンパク,DNA徐放用担体,細胞培養用の足場材料などへの応用が期待される。

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  • 自己組織化型アパタイト人工格子の創製と生体分子吸着特性制御

    2004.04 - 2007.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 基盤研究B 

    早川 聡

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  • Preparation of Titania Gel Film with Graded Ca ion Distribution by Electrochemical Technique and Providing Titanium for Bone Substitution with High Bioactivity

    Grant number:12558109  2000 - 2002

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    OSAKA Akiyoshi, ASADA Masayuki, TSURU Kanji

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    Grant amount:\10200000 ( Direct expense: \10200000 )

    Titanium was oxidized with H_2O_2 aqueous solutions, simple heating in the air, and anode polarization to yield titanium oxide layers. Ability of those layers to induce biomimetic apatite deposition in a simulated body fluid was evaluated by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. Heating in air at temperatures in the range 200 to 700℃ yielded the oxide layers with little ability. The treatment with 30 mass% H_2O_2 solutions was similarly almost ineffective for biomimetic apatite deposition, but the subsequent heating at 300 to 700℃ in air significantly improved the ability. Such enhancement was attributed to an epitaxial induction of apatite nucleation caused by the precipitation of anatase on heating. Addition of Ta(V) in a few mmol/l caused a moderate positive effect. The oxide layers derived from anode oxidation at 9.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl followed by the anode oxidation. The cathode polarization deposited calcium ions as calcium hydroxide. Calcium carbonate was yielded from the hydroxide when soaked in the simulated body fluid, and provided the site of apatite nucleation as well as it was exhausted by the formation of apatite.

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  • Tissue-bonding organic-inorganic polymer hybrids

    Grant number:11694162  1999 - 2001

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    OSAKA Akiyoshi, TSURU Kanji, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, OHTSUKI Chikara

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    Grant amount:\6200000 ( Direct expense: \6200000 )

    We investigated some modifications for bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids derived from ploy(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS,- (SiO(CH_3)_2)_n -), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), Si (OC_2H_5)_4) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO_3)_2・4H_2O). (1)Incorporation of TiO_2: PDMS-SiO_2-TiO_2 system couldn't deposit apatite under the simulated body fluid. (2)Porous ORMOSILs: Porous hybrids were prepared by using scurose particle as a porogen. The pore size could be controlled depending on the particle size of the porogen. Porosity of the hybrids was about 90%. The hybrids treated with CaCl_2 solution could deposit apatite within 3 days in the simulated body fluid and also show good cytocompatibility. (3)Hybrids reinforced with colloidal silica: The compressive strength increased by heating. According to dynamic mechanical properties of samples, storage modulus above -50℃ increased by heating. This is related to the increase of PDMS-silica interaction by heating.
    A new type of inorganic-organic hybrid materials incorporating gelatin and 3- (glycidoxypropy1) trimethoxysilane (GPSM) was prepared through sol-gel processing. (1)Gelatin-siloxane hybrids: GPSM molecules were grafted to the gelatin chains due to the reactions between the epoxy groups of GPSM and the nucleophilic active groups of gelatin. This process provides inorganic-organic hybrids in which the inorganic component of Si chemically bonded to natural polymer of gelatin with -Si-O-Si- bonds. (2)Incorporation of Ca^<2+>: Ca^<2+> containing gelatin-siloxane hybrids could deposit apatite within 3 days soaking in simulated body fluid. (3)Porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids: The porosity was introduced into these bulk gels by post-gelation soaking and by subsequent freeze-drying. The freezing temperature and pH value of the soaking solutions controlled the porosity and the pore size of the hybrids. The porous hybrids showed good bioactivity and cytocompatibility.

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  • 金属イオンを含む過酸化水素水溶液による人工骨用チタンへの生体活性の付与

    1997.04 - 2000.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 基盤研究B 

    早川 聡

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

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  • 金属イオンを添加した過酸化水素水溶液を用いたシリコーンへの生体活性の付与

    1997.04 - 2000.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 基盤研究C 

    早川 聡

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  • Mechanical property and bioactivity of organic-inorganic hybrid materials containing silanol groups

    Grant number:09450246  1997 - 1999

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    OSAKA Akiyoshi, TSURU Kanji, HAYAKAWA Satoshi, OHTSUKI Chikara

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    Grant amount:\11100000 ( Direct expense: \11100000 )

    We synthesized calcium-containing organically modified silicates (Ormosils) starting from ploy (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS, -(SiO(CHィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2)ィイD2nィエD2-), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), Si(OCィイD22ィエD2HィイD25ィエD2)ィイD24ィエD2) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 ・ 4HィイD22ィエD2O). One of the typical compositions for starting materials was TEOS : PDMS : HCl : HィイD22ィエD2O : Ca(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 ・ 4HィイD22ィエD2O = 1 : 1.64 : 0.1 : 3 : 0.1 (molar ratio). We investigated effects of HCl and Ca(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 ・ 4HィイD22ィエD2O contents in gelling solutions on bioactivity and microstructure of Ormosils-type samples. Analysis of ィイD129ィエD1Si MAS NMR spectra indicated that amounts of HCl do not show any significant effects for local structure around Si atoms. The SEM-EDX analysis of fracture-surface for Ormosils-type sample showed that the pore size and amount of Ca incorporated in their structure depended on HCl amounts. We concluded that greater bioactivity was attributed to incorporation of more calcium ions in the polymer due to addition of larger amounts of HCl and /or Ca(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 ・ 4HィイD22ィエD2O.
    The Ormosils sols prepared from PDMS-TEOS-Ca with /without addition of DMF were coated on Nylon6【R!〇】 and silicone substrates with a dip-coating technique. The coated layer was 1.5μm thickness without cracks. Adhesive strength between the coated films and substrates was not less than about 1.7 MPa. The DMF-free film did not deposit apatite within 14 days while the films from the sols with DMF deposited apatite within 7 days in SBF. The difference in microstructure between film-DMF and DMF-free film explained that in bioactivity.
    Since AEROSIL【R!〇】 is one of the reinforcement materials for silicone, we synthesized the ORMOSILS gels reinforced with AEROSIL【R!〇】 starting from PDMS, TEOS and Ca(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 ・ 4HィイD22ィエD2O through sol-gel processing. The storage modulus increased with the AEROSIL【R!〇】 content along with the increase in PDMS-AEROSIL【R!〇】 bonds. The gel (molar ratio, TEOS : PDMS : HィイD22ィエD2O : HCl : CA(NOィイD23ィエD2)ィイD22ィエD2 = 1 : 0.24 : 5.0 : 0.9 : 0.25) containing 5g AEROSIL【R!〇】 (F5H0.6Ca0.25) could deposit apatite within 1 day of soaking in the Kokudo solution, since F5H0.6Ca0.25 included many calcium ions on the surface.
    Cytocompatibility of organic-inorganic hybrids reinforced with AEROSIL【R!〇】 was examined. Osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) derived from mouse were cultured on the specimens at 36.5℃ under 5% and 95% humidity. Cell numbers with specimen after incubation for 3 and 7days showed higher degree of proliferation than that without specimen denoted as "blank". However, it was not appreciable because the cell numbers of blank after incubation for 3 and 7days reduced by 1/10 in comparison with usual case in cell examination. Anyway, this results indicated that the hybrids did not show cytotoxicity.

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  • 無機高分子材料表面の生体活性発現に関する研究

    1996.04 - 1997.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費補助金 奨励研究(A) 

    早川 聡

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  • 医用金属材料の陽極酸化膜構造と生体反応

    Grant number:09875159  1996 - 1998

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  萌芽的研究

    尾坂 明義, 高島 征助, 早川 聡, 大槻 主税

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    Grant amount:\900000 ( Direct expense: \900000 )

    本研究は,電気化学的に金属チタン等金属インプラント表面に生体活性な酸化物ゲル層を生成させることを目的としている。この層は,生体内環境下で自発的に骨類似のアパタイトを沈着し,それによって組織と強固に結合する。本年は,次の各項に関し検討した。
    1. 電解質溶液の効果
    NaやK等アルカリ金属の塩化物または硝酸塩を電解質とした場合は,金属表面のゲル膜は生体活性を示さなかった。これは,これらの陰イオンが,インプラント金属電極表面または白金対極表面で何らかの電気化学的変化を受けていることが原因と考えられた。そこで,より過電圧の高い硫酸イオンに変えて,硫酸ナトリウムを用いた。作用極はチタン板,参照電極は銀/塩化銀電極とし,3MKCl(100ml,)/アガロース(3g)の塩橋を用いて,電流-電位(C-V)曲線を描かせた。陽極側でピークが見られた0.9Vおよびl.8Vで保持した後,擬似体液に14日間浸漬したが,アパタイトの析出はなかった。
    2. カルシウムイオンを含む電解質溶液中での電界酸化
    アパタイトの析出は材料からのカルシウムイオンの放出が一つの引き金になる。そこで,0.1M硝酸カルシウム溶液中で電界酸化し,生体活性を調べた。ここでは(1)9.5Vで1時間陽極酸化させた後,-3V10分間陰極分極させたもの,および(2)-3Vで1時間陰極分極させたもの,について,擬似体液中でそれぞれ浸漬後1日以内でアパタイトが析出した。さらに,電界酸化電流値は,大きいほどCa(OH)_2が析出し易く,小さいとCaCO_3が析出したが,いずれもアパタイト析出には効果があることがわかった。

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  • Providing Titanium with Bioactivity by the Use of Low-melting Glass

    Grant number:07558127  1995 - 1996

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    HAYAKAWA Satoshi, OGAWA Masaki, OSAKA Akiyoshi

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    Grant amount:\6700000 ( Direct expense: \6700000 )

    Titanium is only biocompatible and has no ability to bond to bone though it is widely used in clinical field as one of the important bone-implant. It is thus needed to provide it with bioactivity. In the present project enameling bioactive glass has been successfully attempted.
    1. Exploiting bioactive glasses
    (1) CaO-B_2O_3-SiO_2
    Apatite formation on the glasses in this system were examined by soaking them in a simulated body fluid (SBF), known as Kokubo solution. Almost all the glasses exhibited bioactivity or deposited apatite though too much content of boron oxide depressed the bioactivity.
    (2) Na_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2
    Bioactivity was also examined for the sodium borosilicate glasses and was correlated to the local environment of Si. ^<29>Si MAS NMR spectra showed that the glasses around a composition 30Na_2O・20B_2O_3・50SiO_2 was very bioactive because about 80% Si atoms had two bridging oxygen atoms.
    2. Bioactivity of glass-coated Ti
    (1) CaO-B_2O_3-SiO_2
    A glass of composition 45CaO・30SiO_2・25B_2O_3 was selected for enameling Ti since it was one of the most bioactive glasses and had a thermal expansion coefficient most similar to that of Ti. The glass-coated Ti deposited apative within about 12 hours when soaked in SBF.
    (2) Na_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2
    Ti specimen coated with a sodium borosilicate glass of composition 35.9SiO_2・21.1Na_2O・38B_2O_3・5CaO exhibited bioactivity in 7 days.

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  • Synthesis of bone-bonding organic-inorganic composite derived from organic silicon compounds

    Grant number:07680944  1995 - 1996

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    OSAKA Akiyoshi, HAYAKAWA Satoshi

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    Grant amount:\2500000 ( Direct expense: \2500000 )

    Implant materials are reuqired to have high biocompatibility with the surrounding body tissues as well as methanical properties suitable with for those of tissue substituted. This study was focused on development of organic-inorganic molecular composites having silanol groups and calcium ion in their structures, which is modified with -C-C- chain or -CH_3 groups, through sol-gel processing. Bioactivity of the composites synthesized was investigated by using a simulated body fluid.
    1. Synthesis of bioactive organic-inorganic composite using vinyltrimethoxysilane as starting material
    Polymerized vinyltrimethoxysilane (H_2C=CH (SiOCH_3) _3) : VTS-M) was hydrolyzed in ethanol-water solution or in ethanol-water-Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (Si (OCH_2CH_3) _4 : TEOS) solution which contains Ca (CH_3COO) _2 or Ca (NO_3) _2. The solutions were kept at 40゚C,to obtained composite gels. Thus synthesized gels deposited apatite layr in simulated body fluid, which indicates that this type of composite shows bioactivity.
    2. Synthesis of bioactive organic-inorganic composite from poly dimethylsiloxane and TEOS
    In order to synthesize organically modified inorganic materials having -CH_3 groups, poly dimethylsiloxane ((Si (CH_3) _2O-) n : PDMS)) and TEOS were co-polymerized in the solution of 2-propanol and tetrahydrofuran and distillled water containing Ca (NO_3) _2. Thus solution was kept at room temperature to obtained composite gel. The obtained gel which is synthesized in composition of TEOS : PDMS : HCl : H_2O : Ca (NO_3) _2=1 : 1.67 : 0.05 : 3 : 0.05 (molar ratio) deposited apatite layr in 1-7 day whereas.gel free from calcium ion did not. The apatite forming ability was influenced by the amounts of HCl and Ca (NO_3) _2. This is attributed predominantly to the ease of silanol group formation due to dissolution of calcium ion from the silica matrix, because the concentration of calcium ion in silica matrix should be affected by the synthetic conditions

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  • 分子動力学法によるガラス構造とフッ化物イオン伝導のシュミレーション

    Grant number:07239235  1995

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  重点領域研究

    尾坂 明義, 早川 聡

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    Grant amount:\3100000 ( Direct expense: \3100000 )

    オキシフルオロシリケートガラス(CaF_2-CaO-SiO_2)についてX線光電子分光法および^<29>Si MAS-NMR分光法をあわせてガラス網目骨格構造とフッ化物イオンの化学状態を明らかにし、さらに分子動力学的にフッ化物イオンの自己拡散係数を求め、ガラス組成および構造との関連を明らかにした。CaF_2-CaO-SiO_2系ガラス及びCaF_2結晶のFls光電子スペクトルを測定した結果、FlsXPSピーク位置はSi-F結合で存在していると考えられるSiO_2+Fガラスでは687.1eVにみられ、CaF_2結晶では684.3eVに見られた。CaF_2-CaO-SiO_2系ガラスではそれより低エネルギー側の683.6eVに見られた。ガラス中のフッ素の化学状態は、これまでSi-F結合とCa-F結合の二種類が存在すると報告されてきたが、ほとんどがCaF_2結晶中のCa-F結合状態で存在している。^<29>Si MAS-NMRスペクトルにおいてガウス関数によりSiO_4四面体の重合度の異なる構造単位Q_n(n :架橋酸素数)に帰属されるピークを分離し、それぞれのピーク面積百分率を求めた。構造単位Q_2の割合がCaF_2の含有量の増加にともなって僅かに増加するが網目骨格はほとんどQ_2で構成されている。ガラス網目骨格はフッ化物イオンによって直接修飾されておらず、Q_2から構成される網目骨格の間隙にフッ化物イオンとカルシウムイオンから構成されるCaF_2クラスターが存在していると考えられる。このCaF_2クラスターの存在は粒子間相互作用に、Gilbert-Ida-Busing型二体ポテンシャルを用いた分子動力学計算によって得られた構造モデルにおいても支持された。オキシフルオロシリケートガラスにおいては、CaF_2含有率がCaF_2クラスターの連結性と可動イオン数を支配しており、CaO/SiO_2比に支配される網目骨格の連結性を低めればCaF_2クラスターの連結性が高まり、フッ化物イオンの自己拡散係数が増加することを示唆した。一方、網目骨格の局所構造はCaO/SiO_2比に支配されていることを明らかにした。

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  • Bioactivity of materials provided by ultrasonic implantation

    Grant number:06555186  1994 - 1995

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)

    OSAKA Akiyoshi, ASADA Masayuki, KAYAKAWA Satoshi, OHTSUKI Chikara

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    Grant amount:\5900000 ( Direct expense: \5900000 )

    Ultrasonic implantation technique was employed to provide biocompatible substrates with bioactivity where a suspension of a bioactive glass was agitated by an ultrasonic energy to implent the glass particles into the substrate surfaces.
    a.CaSiO_3 glass into poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates
    The ultrasonic vibration could implant the bioactive CaSiO_3 glass particles into the surface in microscopic inhomogeneity when suspended in an optimum suspending solution 40THF-60ethanol. The inhomogeneity was considered to be caused by inhomogeneously distribution of the ultrasonic energy. In the intensified region four layrs were found on the substrate : the glass particles (40mum) -PMMA (60mum) -glass particles (40mum) -PMMA.In the lesser energy region two layrs were observed : glass particles (40mum) -PMMA.In either regions the PMMA on the utmost surface had lower density hence the simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution) used could go through the layr to be involved in apatite formation on the glass particles.
    b.CaSiO_3 glass into sillicone rubber substrates
    We could not find such an optimum solvents that can swell up the surface of sillicone rubber and thus employed a set of two precursors for silicone that vulcanize at the room temperature. On the way of gelation after mixing the two liquids the ultrasonic inplantation was carried out with CaSiO_3 glass particles suspended ethanol. Homogeneous implantation of the glass was observed as well as the deposition of an apatite layr when the implanted substrate was soaked in the SBF for only a day. The suspensions of sol-gel derived silica particles and fumed silica colloid could be ultrasonically implanted but the apatite layr could not deposit on the substrates. This was attributed to the biocompatible character of those particles.

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