Updated on 2025/10/10

写真a

 
TAKAHASHI Taku
 
Organization
Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Professor
Position
Professor
Homepage
http://www.biol.okayama-u.ac.jp/takahashiTaku/T-Takahashi.html
External link

Degree

  • 理学修士 ( 東京大学 )

  • 博士(理学) ( 東京大学 )

  • Doctor(Science) ( The University of Tokyo )

Research Interests

  • Plant development

  • 表皮分化

  • 植物発生

  • ポリミアン

  • 形態形成

  • Gene expression

  • Polyamine

  • シロイヌナズナ

  • Epidermis

  • 遺伝子発現

  • 花茎伸長

Research Areas

  • Life Science / Plant molecular biology and physiology

  • Life Science / Genetics

  • Life Science / Morphology and anatomical structure

Education

  • The University of Tokyo   理学系研究科   植物学

    - 1992

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    Country： Japan

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  • The University of Tokyo    

    - 1992

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  • The University of Tokyo   理学部   生物学科、植物学専攻

    - 1987

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    Country： Japan

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  • The University of Tokyo    

    - 1987

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Research History

  • Okayama University   The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology   Professor

    2004.4

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  • - Professor,Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology,Okayama University

    2004

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  • Hokkaido University   大学院理学研究科   Assistant Professor

    1995.1 - 2004.3

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  • ロックフェラー大学   博士研究員

    1992.4 - 1995.1

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Professional Memberships

  • 日本植物学会

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  • 日本ポリアミン学会

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  • 日本植物生理学会

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  • アメリカ植物生物学会（The American Society of Plant Biologists）

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Committee Memberships

  • 日本ポリアミン学会   評議委員  

    2020.1   

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Papers

  • Specific enhancement of the translation of thermospermine-responsive uORF-containing mRNAs by ribosomal mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Koki Mutsuda, Yuichi Nishii, Tomohiko Toyoshima, Hiroko Fukushima, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Plant Signaling & Behavior   2025.12

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1080/15592324.2025.2480231

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  • The response to thermospermine is fine-tuned by the balance between SAC51 and LHW family proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Yao Xu, Mitsuru Saraumi, Tomohiko Toyoshima, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Frontiers in Plant Science   16   2025.9

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

    Thermospermine negatively regulates xylem formation. In Arabidopsis, SAC51 and SACL3, members of the SAC51 gene family encoding basic loop-helix-loop (bHLH) proteins play a key role in this regulation. These mRNAs contain an upstream open-reading-frame (uORF) that is highly conserved across species, and its inhibitory effect on the main ORF translation is alleviated by thermospermine. A double knockout of SAC51 and SACL3 results in thermospermine insensitivity at high concentrations that normally inhibit xylem formation and shoot growth in the wild type. Conversely, uORF mutants of SAC51, SACL3, and SACL1 suppress the excessive xylem formation and dwarf phenotype of acl5, a mutant defective in thermospermine biosynthesis. In this study, we generated genome-edited uORF mutants of SACL2 and confirmed that they partially recover the acl5 phenotype. All uORF mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to thermospermine. SACL3 represses the function of LHW, a key bHLH transcription factor required for xylem proliferation, through direct interaction. We found that the lhw mutant is also hypersensitive to thermospermine, while this sensitivity was suppressed by the sac51 sacl3 double knockout. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that all four SAC51 family members interact with LHW and its family members. These findings suggest that overaccumulation of SAC51 family proteins leads to thermospermine hypersensitivity by repressing the function of LHW family proteins, whose activity must be fine-tuned to ensure proper xylem development.

    DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2025.1654744

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  • RNA processing/modifying enzymes play key roles in the response to thermospermine in Arabidopsis thaliana. Reviewed International journal

    Mitsuru Saraumi, Takahiro Tanaka, Daiki Koyama, Yoshitaka Nishi, Yoshihiro Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology   123 ( 5 )   e70476   2025.9

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Thermospermine is involved in negative regulation of xylem differentiation by enhancing the translation of mRNAs of the SAC51 gene family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). These mRNAs contain conserved upstream open reading frames (uORFs) that interfere with the translation of the main ORF. To investigate the mechanism by which thermospermine acts in this process, we isolated mutants insensitive to thermospermine, named 'its'. We show that the four genes responsible for these mutants, its1 to its4, encode: (i) a homolog of SPOUT RNA methyltransferase, (ii) an rRNA pseudouridine synthase CBF5/NAP57, (iii) a putative spliceosome disassembly factor STIPL1/NTR1, and (iv) a plant-specific RNA-binding protein PHIP1. These four mutants were found to have much higher levels of thermospermine than the wild-type. While all these mutants except its1 appear almost normal, they enhance the dwarf phenotype of a mutant of ACL5, which encodes thermospermine synthase, resulting in tiny plants resembling a double knockout of ACL5 and SACL3, a member of the SAC51 family. Reporter assays revealed that GUS activity from the CaMV 35S promoter-SAC51 5'-GUS fusion construct was significantly reduced in its1 and its4 or not affected in its2 and its3, while it was slightly increased in its1, its3, and its4, or not changed in its2 by thermospermine. These findings underscore the critical role of RNA processing and modification in the thermospermine-dependent translational regulation of uORF-containing transcripts.

    DOI： 10.1111/tpj.70476

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  • Involvement of a NIMA-related kinase in cell division of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha Reviewed

    Hikari Mase, Aoi Sumiura, Yoshihiro Yoshitake, Takayuki Kohchi, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    Plant And Cell Physiology   2025.5

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcaf021

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  • Effect of environmental conditions on seed germination and seedling growth in Cuscuta campestris Reviewed

    Koki Nagao, Taku Takahashi, Ryusuke Yokoyama

    Plant Growth Regulation   105 ( 4 )   1157 - 1167   2025.5

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

    Abstract

    Dodder (Cuscuta) is an obligate parasitic plant that cannot survive without a host and causes significant damage to crop yields. To understand its growth characteristics before parasitism, we examined the effects of environmental conditions on seed germination and seedling growth in Cuscuta campestris Yunck. Among various factors, we focused on the effects of light, pH, temperature, sugars, salts, hormones, amino acids and polyamines on seeds sown on agar plates. Regarding the effect of light on germination, far-red light was preferable rather than red light and the reversible response of seeds to red and far-red light was confirmed, implicating a phytochrome-mediated signaling pathway opposite to that in many seed plants. Among the amino acids, aspartic acid and alanine had a promotive effect, while histidine had an inhibitory effect on germination. We further found that, in addition to gibberellic acid, methyl jasmonate stimulated both germination and shoot elongation. While 2,4-D extended the viability of trichomes around the root cap, kinetin induced the formation of scale leaves on the shoot and undifferentiated cell clusters at the base of the shoot and root tip. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) experiments confirmed that the expression of a putative RbcS gene for photosynthesis showed no response to light, whereas that of a Phytochrome A homolog increased in the dark. Our results indicate that some of the molecular mechanisms involved in responding to light and hormone signals are uniquely modified in dodder seedlings, providing clues for understanding the survival strategy of parasitic plants.

    DOI： 10.1007/s10725-025-01331-5

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    Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10725-025-01331-5/fulltext.html

  • ATML1 and PDF2 regulate cuticle formation and protect the plant body from environmental stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings Reviewed

    Kenji Nagata, Ichiro Maekawa, Taku Takahashi, Mitsutomo Abe

    Journal of Plant Research   2025.3

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1007/s10265-024-01604-6

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  • Thermospermine Is an Evolutionarily Ancestral Phytohormone Required for Organ Development and Stress Responses in Marchantia Polymorpha. Reviewed

    Takuya Furumoto, Shohei Yamaoka, Takayuki Kohchi, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Plant & cell physiology   65 ( 3 )   460 - 471   2024.4

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Thermospermine suppresses auxin-inducible xylem differentiation, whereas its structural isomer, spermine, is involved in stress responses in angiosperms. The thermospermine synthase, ACAULIS5 (ACL5), is conserved from algae to land plants, but its physiological functions remain elusive in non-vascular plants. Here, we focused on MpACL5, a gene in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, that rescued the dwarf phenotype of the acl5 mutant in Arabidopsis. In the Mpacl5 mutants generated by genome editing, severe growth retardation was observed in the vegetative organ, thallus, and the sexual reproductive organ, gametangiophore. The mutant gametangiophores exhibited remarkable morphological defects such as short stalks, fasciation and indeterminate growth. Two gametangiophores fused together, and new gametangiophores were often initiated from the old ones. Furthermore, Mpacl5 showed altered responses to heat and salt stresses. Given the absence of spermine in bryophytes, these results suggest that thermospermine has a dual primordial function in organ development and stress responses in M. polymorpha. The stress response function may have eventually been assigned to spermine during land plant evolution.

    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcae002

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  • Microtubule-associated proteins WDL5 and WDL6 play a critical role in pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Takashi Okamoto, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Plant Signaling & Behavior   18 ( 1 )   2023.11

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

    DOI： 10.1080/15592324.2023.2281159

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  • Suppression of the dwarf phenotype of an Arabidopsis mutant defective in thermospermine biosynthesis by a synonymous codon change in the SAC51 uORF. Reviewed International journal

    Yuichi Nishii, Daiki Koyama, Hiroko Fukushima, Taku Takahashi

    Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG   2023.10

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Thermospermine plays a critical role in negatively regulating xylem development in angiosperms. A mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana that is defective in thermospermine biosynthesis, acaulis5 (acl5), exhibits a dwarf phenotype with excessive xylem formation. Mechanistically thermospermine acts in attenuating the inhibitory effect of an evolutionarily conserved upstream open reading frame (uORF) on the main ORF of SAC51, which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein involved in xylem repression. Here, we revealed that a semidominant suppressor of acl5, sac503, which partially restores the acl5 phenotype, has a point mutation in the conserved uORF of SAC51 with no amino acid substitution in the deduced peptide sequence. In transgenic lines carrying the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene fused with the SAC51 5' region containing the uORF, the mutant construct was shown to confer higher GUS activity than does the wild-type SAC51 construct. We confirmed that sac503 mRNA was more stable than SAC51 mRNA in acl5. These results suggest that the single-base change in sac503 positively affects the translation of its main ORF instead of thermospermine. We further found that the uORF-GUS fusion protein could be synthesized in planta from the wild-type and sac503 translational fusion constructs.

    DOI： 10.1007/s00438-023-02076-4

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  • Overexpression of NIMA-related kinase suppresses cell proliferation and tip growth in a liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

    Taku Takahashi

    bioRxiv   2023

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1101/2023.01.25.525476

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  • Loss of function of an Arabidopsis homologue of JMJD6 suppresses the dwarf phenotype of acl5, a mutant defective in thermospermine biosynthesis. Reviewed International journal

    Hirotoshi Matsuo, Hiroko Fukushima, Shinpei Kurokawa, Eri Kawano, Takashi Okamoto, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    FEBS letters   596 ( 23 )   3005 - 3014   2022.12

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    In Arabidopsis thaliana, the ACL5 gene encodes thermospermine synthase and its mutant, acl5, exhibits a dwarf phenotype with excessive xylem formation. Studies of suppressor mutants of acl5 reveal the involvement of thermospermine in enhancing mRNA translation of the SAC51 gene family. We show here that a mutant, sac59, which partially suppresses the acl5 phenotype, has a point mutation in JMJ22 encoding a D6-class Jumonji C protein (JMJD6). A T-DNA insertion allele, jmj22-2, also partially suppressed the acl5 phenotype while mutants of its closest two homologs JMJ21 and JMJ20 had no such effects, suggesting a unique role for JMJ22 in plant development. We found that mRNAs of the SAC51 family are more stabilized in acl5 jmj22-2 than in acl5.

    DOI： 10.1002/1873-3468.14470

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  • Establishment and application of novel culture methods in Marchantia polymorpha: persistent tip growth is required for substrate penetration by rhizoids Invited Reviewed

    Hikari Mase, Hirofumi Nakagami, Takashi Okamoto, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    Commun.Integr. Biol.   15   164 - 167   2022

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1080/19420889.2022.2095137

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  • Plant specific armadillo repeat kinesin directs organelle transport and microtubule convergence to promote tip growth

    Asaka Kanda, Kento Otani, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    bioRxiv   2022

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    Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory  

    Abstract

    Tip growth is essential for plant growth and reproduction. However, it remains elusive how highly polarized tip-growing cells coordinate the organization of intracellular components. Here, we show that plant-specific armadillo-repeat containing kinesin, MpARK, mediates organelle transport and microtubule convergence in tip growing rhizoids in the early diverging land plantMarchantia polymorpha. MpARK is required for anterograde transport of organelles to maintain their position. Furthermore, MpARK participates in the formation of microtubule foci at the rhizoid apex to stabilize growth direction. MpARK-dependent rhizoid growth is essential for plant anchorage and soil holding capacity. Thus, ARK might be a principal organelle transporter and intracellular organizer in the primitive rooting cells for the adaptation to terrestrial environments. Our findings suggest that ARK is functionally comparable to canonical anterograde kinesins in animals and fungi.

    DOI： 10.1101/2022.07.08.499237

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  • RNA processing/modifying enzymes play key roles in the response to thermospermine in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Taku Takahashi

    bioRxiv   2022

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1101/2022.09.19.508594

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  • Responses of Polyamine-Metabolic Genes to Polyamines and Plant Stress Hormones in Arabidopsis Seedlings Reviewed

    Yusaku Yariuchi, Takashi Okamoto, Yoshiteru Noutoshi, Taku Takahashi

    Cells   10 ( 12 )   3283 - 3283   2021.11

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

    In plants, many of the enzymes in polyamine metabolism are encoded by multiple genes, whose expressions are differentially regulated under different physiological conditions. For comprehensive understanding of their regulation during the seedling growth stage, we examined the expression of polyamine metabolic genes in response to polyamines and stress-related plant hormones in Arabidopsis thaliana. While confirming previous findings such as induction of many of the genes by abscisic acid, induction of arginase genes and a copper amine oxidase gene, CuAOα3, by methyl jasmonate, that of an arginine decarboxylase gene, ADC2, and a spermine synthase gene, SPMS, by salicylic acid, and negative feedback regulation of thermospermine biosynthetic genes by thermospermine, our results showed that expressions of most of the genes are not responsive to exogenous polyamines. We thus examined expression of OsPAO6, which encodes an apoplastic polyamine oxidase and is strongly induced by polyamines in rice, by using the promoter-GUS fusion in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings. The GUS activity was increased by treatment with methyl jasmonate but neither by polyamines nor by other plant hormones, suggesting a difference in the response to polyamines between Arabidopsis and rice. Our results provide a framework to study regulatory modules directing expression of each polyamine metabolic gene.

    DOI： 10.3390/cells10123283

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  • 植物ポリアミンの代謝と機能 Invited Reviewed

    高橋 卓, 本瀬 宏康

    化学と生物   59 ( 6 )   290 - 297   2021.6

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    Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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  • Distinct functions of ethylene and ACC in the basal land plant marchantia polymorpha. Reviewed

    Asuka Katayose, Asaka Kanda, Yasutaka Kubo, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    Plant & cell physiology   2021.3

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Ethylene is a gaseous phytohormone involved in various physiological processes including fruit ripening, senescence, root hair development, and stress responses. Recent genomics have suggested that most homologous genes of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling are conserved from algae to angiosperms, whereas function and biosynthesis of ethylene remain unknown in basal plants. Here, we examined physiological effects of ethylene, an ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), and an inhibitor of ethylene perception, silver thiosulfate (STS), in a basal land plant Marchantia polymorpha. M. polymorpha plants biosynthesized ethylene and treatment with high concentrations of ACC slightly promoted ethylene production. ACC remarkably suppressed growth of thalli (vegetative organs) and rhizoids (root-hair-like cells), whereas exogenous ethylene slightly promoted thallus growth. STS suppressed thallus growth and induced ectopic rhizoid formation on the dorsal surface of thalli. Thus, ACC and ethylene have different effects on vegetative growth of M. polymorpha. We generated single and double mutants of ACC synthase-like (ACSL) genes, MpACSL1 and MpACSL2. They did not show obvious defects in thallus growth, ACC content, and ethylene production, indicating that MpACSL genes are not essential for the vegetative growth and the biosynthesis of ACC and ethylene. The gene expression analysis suggested involvement of MpACSL1 and MpACSL2 in stress responses. Collectively, our results imply ethylene-independent function of ACC and the absence of ACC-mediated ethylene biosynthesis in M. polymorpha.

    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcab042

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  • The root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction in Arabidopsis. Reviewed International journal

    Takashi Okamoto, Shogo Takatani, Hiroyasu Motose, Hidetoshi Iida, Taku Takahashi

    Plant cell reports   40 ( 3 )   575 - 582   2021.3

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    KEY MESSAGE: We found that mutations in a Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channel MCA1, an ethylene-regulated microtubule-associated protein WDL5, and a versatile co-receptor BAK1 affect root growth response to mechanical stress. Plant root tips exposed to mechanical impedance show a temporal reduction in the elongation growth. The process involves a transient Ca2+ increase in the cytoplasm followed by ethylene signaling. To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying this response, we examined the root growth of a series of Arabidopsis mutants with potentially altered response to mechanical stress after transfer from vertical to horizontal plates that were covered by dialysis membrane as an impedance. Among the plant hormone-response mutants tested, the ethylene-insensitive mutant ein3 was confirmed to show no growth reduction after the transfer. The root growth reduction was attenuated in a mutant of MCA1 encoding a Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channel and that of WDL5 encoding an ethylene-regulated microtubule-associated protein. We also found that the growth reduction was enhanced in a mutant of BAK1 encoding a co-receptor that pairs with numerous leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases to modulate growth and immunity. These results suggest the root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and also transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction.

    DOI： 10.1007/s00299-020-02653-6

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  • Ceramides mediate positional signals in Arabidopsis thaliana protoderm differentiation. Reviewed International journal

    Kenji Nagata, Toshiki Ishikawa, Maki Kawai-Yamada, Taku Takahashi, Mitsutomo Abe

    Development (Cambridge, England)   148 ( 2 )   2021.1

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The differentiation of distinct cell types in appropriate patterns is a fundamental process in the development of multicellular organisms. In Arabidopsis thaliana, protoderm/epidermis differentiates as a single cell layer at the outermost position. However, little is known about the molecular nature of the positional signals that achieve correct epidermal cell differentiation. Here, we propose that very-long-chain fatty acid-containing ceramides (VLCFA-Cers) mediate positional signals by stimulating the function of ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA MERISTEM LAYER1 (ATML1), a master regulator of protoderm/epidermis differentiation, during lateral root development. We show that VLCFA-Cers, which are synthesized predominantly in the outermost cells, bind to the lipid-binding domain of ATML1. Importantly, this cell type-specific protein-lipid association alters the activity of ATML1 protein and consequently restricts its expression to the protoderm/epidermis through a transcriptional feedback loop. Furthermore, establishment of a compartment, enriched with VLCFA-containing sphingolipids, at the outer lateral membrane facing the external environment may function as a determinant of protodermal cell fate. Taken together, our results indicate that VLCFA-Cers play a pivotal role in directing protoderm/epidermis differentiation by mediating positional signals to ATML1.This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.

    DOI： 10.1242/dev.194969

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  • Easy-to-Use InDel Markers for Genetic Mapping between Col-0 and Ler-0 Accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Reviewed International journal

    Takahiro Tanaka, Yuichi Nishii, Hirotoshi Matsuo, Taku Takahashi

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)   9 ( 6 )   2020.6

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Map-based gene cloning has played a key role in many genetic studies using the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. In the post- next generation sequencing era, identification of point mutations and their corresponding genes is increasingly becoming a powerful and important approach to define plant gene function. To perform initial mapping experiments efficiently on Arabidopsis mutants, enrichment of easy-to-use and reliable polymorphic DNA markers would be desirable. We present here a list of InDel polymorphic markers between Col-0 and Ler-0 accessions that can be detected in standard agarose gel electrophoresis.

    DOI： 10.3390/plants9060779

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  • Chemical Synthesis and Biological Effect on Xylem Formation of Xylemin and Its Analogues Reviewed

    Hiroyoshi Takamura, Hiroyasu Motose, Taichi Otsu, Shiori Shinohara, Ryugo Kouno, Isao Kadota, Taku Takahashi

    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY   2020 ( 18 )   2745 - 2753   2020.5

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1002/ejoc.202000322

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  • Plant Polyamines. International journal

    Taku Takahashi

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)   9 ( 4 )   2020.4

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    Language：English  

    Polyamines are small organic compounds found in all living organisms. According to the high degree of positive charge at physiological pH, they interact with negatively charged macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, and modulate their activities. In plants, polyamines, some of which are presented as a conjugated form with cinnamic acids and proteins, are involved in a variety of physiological processes. In recent years, the study of plant polyamines, such as their biosynthetic and catabolic pathways and the roles they play in cellular processes, has flourished, becoming an exciting field of research. There is accumulating evidence that polyamine oxidation, the main catabolic pathway of polyamines, may have a potential role as a source of hydrogen peroxide. The papers in this Special Issue highlight new discoveries and research in the field of plant polyamine biology. The information will help to stimulate further research and make readers aware of the link between their own work and topics related to polyamines.

    DOI： 10.3390/plants9040511

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  • Microtubule Response to Tensile Stress Is Curbed by NEK6 to Buffer Growth Variation in the Arabidopsis Hypocotyl. Reviewed International journal

    Shogo Takatani, Stéphane Verger, Takashi Okamoto, Taku Takahashi, Olivier Hamant, Hiroyasu Motose

    Current biology : CB   2020.3

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    Language：English  

    Growth variability generates mechanical conflicts in tissues. In plants, cortical microtubules usually align with maximal tensile stress direction, thereby mechanically reinforcing cell walls, and channeling growth rate and direction. How this is achieved remains largely unknown and likely involves microtubule regulators. The NIMA-related microtubule-associated kinase NEK6 phosphorylates tubulin, leading to the depolymerization of a subset of microtubules. We found that cortical microtubules exhibit a hyper-response to mechanical stress in the nek6 mutant. This response contributes to local cell protrusions in slow-growing regions of the nek6 mutant hypocotyl. When growth amplitude is higher, the hyper-alignment of microtubules leads to variable, stop-and-go, phenotypes, resulting in wavy hypocotyl shapes. After gravistimulation or touch, the nek6 mutant also exhibits a hyperbent hypocotyl phenotype, consistent with an enhanced perception of its own deformation. Strikingly, we find that NEK6 exhibits a novel form of polarity, being recruited at the ends of a subset of microtubules at cell edges. This pattern can be modified after local ablation, matching the new maximal tensile stress directions. We propose that NEK6 depolymerizes cortical microtubules that best align with maximal tensile stress to generate a noisier network of microtubules. This prevents an overreaction of microtubules to growth fluctuations and, instead, promotes the buffering of growth variations.

    DOI： 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.024

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  • Salt hypersensitivity is associated with excessive xylem development in a thermospermine-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi

    PLANT JOURNAL   100 ( 2 )   374 - 383   2019.10

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/TPJ.14448

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  • Ethylene signaling plays a pivotal role in mechanical-stress-induced root-growth cessation in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi

    PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR   2019.9

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1080/15592324.2019.1669417

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  • Effect of Thermospermine on the Growth and Expression of Polyamine-Related Genes in Rice Seedlings Reviewed

    Minaho Miyamoto, Satoshi Shimao, Wurina Tong, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Plants   8 ( 8 )   269 - 269   2019.8

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.3390/plants8080269

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  • Complexity and Conservation of Thermospermine-Responsive uORFs of SAC51 Family Genes in Angiosperms Reviewed

    Soichi Ishitsuka, Mai Yamamoto, Minaho Miyamoto, Yoshitaka Kuwashiro, Akihiro Imai, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Frontiers in Plant Science   10   2019.5

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

    DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2019.00564

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  • Omeprazole Enhances Mechanical Stress-Induced Root Growth Reduction in Arabidopsis thaliana. Reviewed

    Takashi Okamoto, Shogo Takatani, Yoshiteru Noutoshi, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    Plant & cell physiology   59 ( 8 )   1581 - 1591   2018.8

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    Mechanical sensing is one of the most fundamental processes for sessile plants to survive and grow. The response is known to involve calcium elevation in the cell. Arabidopsis seedlings grown horizontally on agar plates covered with a dialysis membrane show a 2-fold reduction in root growth compared with those grown vertically, a response to mechanical stress generated due to gravitropism of the root. To understand the molecular mechanism of how plant roots sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, we screened chemical libraries for compounds that affect the horizontal root growth in this experimental system and found that, while having no effect on root gravitropism, omeprazole known as a proton pump inhibitor significantly enhanced the mechanical stress-induced root growth reduction especially in lower pH media. In contrast, omeprazole reversed neither the alleviation of the mechanical stress-induced growth reduction caused by calcium depletion nor the insensitivity to the mechanical stress in the ethylene signaling mutant ein2. Together with the finding that omeprazole increased expression of touch-induced genes and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1, our results suggest that the target of omeprazole mediates ethylene signaling in the root growth response to mechanical stress.

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  • An evolutionarily conserved NIMA-related kinase directs rhizoid tip growth in the basal land plant Marchantia polymorpha. Reviewed International journal

    Kento Otani, Kimitsune Ishizaki, Ryuichi Nishihama, Shogo Takatani, Takayuki Kohchi, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    Development (Cambridge, England)   145 ( 5 )   2018.3

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    Tip growth is driven by turgor pressure and mediated by the polarized accumulation of cellular materials. How a single polarized growth site is established and maintained is unclear. Here, we analyzed the function of NIMA-related protein kinase 1 (MpNEK1) in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha In the wild type, rhizoid cells differentiate from the ventral epidermis and elongate through tip growth to form hair-like protrusions. In Mpnek1 knockout mutants, rhizoids underwent frequent changes in growth direction, resulting in a twisted and/or spiral morphology. The functional MpNEK1-Citrine protein fusion localized to microtubule foci in the apical growing region of rhizoids. Mpnek1 knockouts exhibited increases in both microtubule density and bundling in the apical dome of rhizoids. Treatment with the microtubule-stabilizing drug taxol phenocopied the Mpnek1 knockout. These results suggest that MpNEK1 directs tip growth in rhizoids through microtubule organization. Furthermore, MpNEK1 expression rescued ectopic outgrowth of epidermal cells in the Arabidopsis thaliana nek6 mutant, strongly supporting an evolutionarily conserved NEK-dependent mechanism of directional growth. It is possible that such a mechanism contributed to the evolution of the early rooting system in land plants.

    DOI： 10.1242/dev.154617

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  • Thermospermine: An evolutionarily ancient but functionally new compound in plants Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi

    Methods in Molecular Biology   1694   51 - 59   2018

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    DOI： 10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_4

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  • Detection of thermospermine and spermine by HPLC in plants Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi, Ayaka Takano, Jun-Ichi Kakehi

    Methods in Molecular Biology   1694   69 - 73   2018

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    DOI： 10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_6

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  • Directional cell expansion requires NIMA-related kinase 6 (NEK6)-mediated cortical microtubule destabilization Reviewed

    Shogo Takatani, Shinichiro Ozawa, Noriyoshi Yagi, Takashi Hotta, Takashi Hashimoto, Yuichiro Takahashi, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   7   7826   2017.8

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    DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-08453-5

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  • Editorial: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Polyamine Functions in Plants Reviewed

    Patrick H. Masson, Taku Takahashi, Riccardo Angelini

    FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE   8 ( 14 )   2017.1

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  • TLCを用いた簡便なポリアミン検出

    高橋卓, 懸樋潤一, 今井章裕

    ポリアミン   4 ( 1 )   14 - 16   2017

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  • Thermospermine enhances translation of SAC51 and SACL1 in Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Mai Yamamoto, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR   12 ( 1 )   414 - 421   2017

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    DOI： 10.1080/15592324.2016.1276685

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  • The SAC51 Family Plays a Central Role in Thermospermine Responses in Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Qingqing Cai, Hiroko Fukushima, Mai Yamamoto, Nami Ishii, Tomoaki Sakamoto, Tetsuya Kurata, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   57 ( 8 )   1583 - 1592   2016.8

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcw113

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  • Polyamine Resistance Is Increased by Mutations in a Nitrate Transporter Gene NRT1.3 (AtNPF6.4) in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Wurina Tong, Akihiro Imai, Ryo Tabata, Shuji Shigenobu, Katsushi Yamaguchi, Masashi Yamada, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Shinichiro Sawa, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE   7 ( 834 )   2016.6

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    DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2016.00834

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  • Chemical control of xylem differentiation by thermospermine, xylemin, and auxin Reviewed

    Kaori Yoshimoto, Hiroyoshi Takamura, Isao Kadota, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   6 ( 21487 )   2016.2

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    DOI： 10.1038/srep21487

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  • サーモスペルミン／木部分化の鍵を握る低分子

    高橋卓, 本瀬宏康

    生物の科学 遺伝   ( 9 )   356 - 360   2016

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  • Structure, function, and evolution of plant NIMA-related kinases: implication for phosphorylation-dependent microtubule regulation Reviewed

    Shogo Takatani, Kento Otani, Mai Kanazawa, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH   128 ( 6 )   875 - 891   2015.11

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  • ATML1 and PDF2 Play a Redundant and Essential Role in Arabidopsis Embryo Development Reviewed

    Eriko Ogawa, Yusuke Yamada, Noriko Sezaki, Sho Kosaka, Hitoshi Kondo, Naoko Kamata, Mitsutomo Abe, Yoshibumi Komeda, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   56 ( 6 )   1183 - 1192   2015.6

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcv045

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  • Abscisic acid induces ectopic outgrowth in epidermal cells through cortical microtubule reorganization in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Shogo Takatani, Takashi Hirayama, Takashi Hashimoto, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   5   11364   2015.6

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    DOI： 10.1038/srep11364

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  • Regulation and diversity of polyamine biosynthesis in plants Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi, Wurina Tong

    Polyamines: A Universal Molecular Nexus for Growth, Survival, and Specialized Metabolism   27 - 44   2015.1

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    DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-55212-3_3

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  • Mutations in Ribosomal Proteins, RPL4 and RACK1, Suppress the Phenotype of a Thermospermine-Deficient Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Jun-Ichi Kakehi, Eri Kawano, Kaori Yoshimoto, Qingqing Cai, Akihiro Imai, Taku Takahashi

    PLOS ONE   10 ( 1 )   e0117309   2015.1

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    DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0117309

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  • Thermospermine modulates expression of auxin-related genes in Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Wurina Tong, Kaori Yoshimoto, Jun-Ichi Kakehi, Hiroyasu Motose, Masaru Niitsu, Taku Takahashi

    FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE   5 ( 94 )   2014.3

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    DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2014.00094

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  • Allele-specific effects of PDF2 on floral morphology in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Naoko Kamata, Ayaka Sugihara, Yoshibumi Komeda, Taku Takahashi

    Plant Signaling and Behavior   8 ( 12 )   1 - 3   2014.1

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    DOI： 10.4161/psb.27417

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  • Mutations in epidermis-specific HD-ZIP IV genes affect floral organ identity in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Naoko Kamata, Hitomi Okada, Yoshibumi Komeda, Taku Takahashi

    Plant Journal   75 ( 3 )   430 - 440   2013.8

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    DOI： 10.1111/tpj.12211

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  • Determination of polyamines in Arabidopsis thaliana by capillary electrophoresis using salicylaldehyde-5-sulfonate as a derivatizing reagent Reviewed

    Genki Inoue, Takashi Kaneta, Toshio Takayanagi, Junichi Kakehi, Hiroyasu Motose, Taku Takahashi

    ANALYTICAL METHODS   5 ( 11 )   2854 - 2859   2013

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    DOI： 10.1039/c3ay26360f

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  • NIMA-related kinases regulate directional cell growth and organ development through microtubule function in Arabidopsis thaliana. Reviewed International journal

    Hiroyasu Motose, Shogo Takatani, Tatsuya Ikeda, Taku Takahashi

    Plant signaling & behavior   7 ( 12 )   1552 - 5   2012.12

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    NIMA-related kinase 6 (NEK6) regulates cellular expansion and morphogenesis through microtubule organizaiton in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss-of-function mutations in NEK6 (nek6/ibo1) cause ectopic outgrowth and microtubule disorganization in epidermal cells. We recently found that NEK6 forms homodimers and heterodimers with NEK4 and NEK5 to destabilize cortical microtubules possibly by direct binding to microtubules and the β-tubulin phosphorylation. Here, we identified a new allele of NEK6 and further analyzed the morphological phenotypes of nek6/ibo1 mutants, along with alleles of nek4 and nek5 mutants. Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that NEK6 is required for the directional growth of roots and hypocotyls, petiole elongation, cell file formation, and trichome morphogenesis. In addition, nek4, nek5, and nek6/ibo1 mutants were hypersensitive to microtubule inhibitors such as propyzamide and taxol. These results suggest that plant NEKs function in directional cell growth and organ development through the regulation of microtubule organization.

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  • Thermospermine suppresses auxin-inducible xylem differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Kaori Yoshimoto, Yoshiteru Noutoshi, Ken-ichiro Hayashi, Ken Shirasu, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    Plant Signaling and Behavior   7 ( 8 )   937 - 939   2012.8

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    DOI： 10.4161/psb.20784

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  • Thermospermine is Not a Minor Polyamine in the Plant Kingdom Reviewed

    Ayaka Takano, Jun-Ichi Kakehi, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   53 ( 4 )   606 - 616   2012.4

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcs019

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  • A Chemical Biology Approach Reveals an Opposite Action between Thermospermine and Auxin in Xylem Development in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Kaori Yoshimoto, Yoshiteru Noutoshi, Ken-ichiro Hayashi, Ken Shirasu, Taku Takahashi, Hiroyasu Motose

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   53 ( 4 )   635 - 645   2012.4

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcs017

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  • Key Proliferative Activity in the Junction between the Leaf Blade and Leaf Petiole of Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Yasunori Ichihashi, Kensuke Kawade, Takeshi Usami, Gorou Horiguchi, Taku Takahashi, Hirokazu Tsukaya

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   157 ( 3 )   1151 - 1162   2011.11

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    DOI： 10.1104/pp.111.185066

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  • NIMA-related kinases 6, 4, and 5 interact with each other to regulate microtubule organization during epidermal cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Hiroyasu Motose, Takahiro Hamada, Kaori Yoshimoto, Takashi Murata, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Yuichiro Watanabe, Takashi Hashimoto, Tatsuya Sakai, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT JOURNAL   67 ( 6 )   993 - 1005   2011.9

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    DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04652.x

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  • Arabidopsis Qa-SNARE SYP2 proteins localized to different subcellular regions function redundantly in vacuolar protein sorting and plant development Reviewed

    Makoto Shirakawa, Haruko Ueda, Tomoo Shimada, Yasuko Koumoto, Takashi L. Shimada, Maki Kondo, Taku Takahashi, Yudai Okuyama, Mikio Nishimura, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura

    PLANT JOURNAL   64 ( 6 )   924 - 935   2010.12

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    DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04394.x

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  • Norspermine substitutes for thermospermine in the control of stem elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Jun-Ichi Kakehi, Yoshitaka Kuwashiro, Hiroyasu Motose, Kazuei Igarashi, Taku Takahashi

    FEBS LETTERS   584 ( 14 )   3042 - 3046   2010.7

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.05.035

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  • Polyamines: ubiquitous polycations with unique roles in growth and stress responses Reviewed

    Taku Takahashi, Jun-Ichi Kakehi

    ANNALS OF BOTANY   105 ( 1 )   1 - 6   2010.1

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    DOI： 10.1093/aob/mcp259

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  • A ROLE OF SYP2 FAMILY SNARE PROTEINS IN PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND VACUOLAR PROTEIN TRANSPORT

    Shirakawa Makoto, Ueda Haruko, Nishiyama Chiaki, Shimada Tomoo, Koumoto Yasuko, Kondo Maki, Takahashi Taku, Nishimura Mikio, Hara-Nishimura Ikuko

    Plant and Cell Physiology Supplement   2010 ( 0 )   127 - 127   2010

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    Arabidopsis VAM3/SYP22, one of the SYP2 family SNARE proteins, is classified as Qa-SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) and interacts with AtVTI11 (Qb-SNARE) and SYP5 (Qc-SNARE). Previously, we reported that vam3 mutants exhibited the phenotypes of wavy leaves, delayed growth, semi-dwarfism and abnormal distribution of myrosin cells (1). Although PEP12/SYP21 and PLP/SYP23 are homologues to VAM3/SYP22, the physiological function of PEP12/SYP21 and PLP/SYP23 in plants remains unknown. To elucidate a role of PEP12/SYP21 and PLP/SYP23 in protein trafficking and development of plant cells, we generated double and triple mutants of the SYP2 family SNARE proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana. By analyzing the phenotypes of these mutants, we found the functional redundancy between these three SYP2 family SNARE proteins. We will discuss about the functions of SYP2 family SNARE proteins in higher plants. <br>(1) Shirakawa, M. et al, Plant Cell Physiol., 50, 1319-1328 (2009).

    DOI： 10.14841/jspp.2010.0.0127.0

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  • Infrared laser-mediated local gene induction in medaka, zebrafish and Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Tomonori Deguchi, Mariko Itoh, Hiroko Urawa, Tomohiro Matsumoto, Sohei Nakayama, Takashi Kawasaki, Takeshi Kitano, Shoji Oda, Hiroshi Mitani, Taku Takahashi, Takeshi Todo, Junichi Sato, Kiyotaka Okada, Kohei Hatta, Shunsuke Yuba, Yasuhiro Kamei

    Development Growth and Differentiation   51 ( 9 )   769 - 775   2009.12

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    DOI： 10.1111/j.1440-169X.2009.01135.x

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  • A semi-dominant mutation in the ribosomal protein L10 gene suppresses the dwarf phenotype of the acl5 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Akihiro Imai, Mio Komura, Eri Kawano, Yoshitaka Kuwashiro, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT JOURNAL   56 ( 6 )   881 - 890   2008.12

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    DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03647.x

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  • Thermospermine is required for stem elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Jun-ichi Kakehi, Yoshitaka Kuwashiro, Masaru Niitsu, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   49 ( 9 )   1342 - 1349   2008.9

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcn109

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  • Involvement of SYP2 proteins in development of myrosin cells in Arabidopsis

    Ueda Haruko, Shirakawa Makoto, Nishiyama Chiaki, Shimada Tomoo, Takahashi Taku, Hara-Nishimura Ikuko

    Plant and Cell Physiology Supplement   2008 ( 0 )   794 - 794   2008

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    Myrosin cells are idioblasts specific for Capparales plants, and accumulate large amounts of myrosinases, which hydrolyze glucosinolates to produce toxic compounds for repelling pests. Previously, we showed that myrosin cells were scattered along leaf veins in wild-type leaves, while they were abnormally distributed in atvam3leaves. The mutants developed a network of myrosin cells throughout the leaves: myrosin cells were not only distributed continuously along leaf veins, but were also observed independent of leaf veins. The result indicates that AtVAM3 is involved in development of myrosin cells. AtVAM3 is a SNARE protein belonging to SYP2 family, which is localized to vacuoles and prevacuolar compartments. In this study, we analyzed the involvement of other SYP2 members, AtPEP12 and AtPLP, in development of myrosin cells. We will show the functional differentiation of SYP2 proteins in development of myrosin cells.

    DOI： 10.14841/jspp.2008.0.0794.0

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  • A protective role for the polyamine spermine against drought stress in Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Koji Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro Takahashi, Thomas Berberich, Akihiko Imai, Taku Takahashi, Anthonv J. Michael, Tomonobu Kusano

    BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS   352 ( 2 )   486 - 490   2007.1

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.11.041

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  • The polyamine spermine protects against high salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Koji Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro Takahashi, Thomas Berberich, Akihiko Imai, Atsushi Miyazaki, Taku Takahashi, Anthony Michael, Tomonobu Kusano

    FEBS LETTERS   580 ( 30 )   6783 - 6788   2006.12

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.10.078

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  • The dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis acl5 mutant is suppressed by a mutation in an upstream ORF of a bHLH gene Reviewed

    Akihiro Imai, Yoshie Hanzawa, Mio Komura, Kotaro T. Yamamoto, Yoshibumi Komeda, Taku Takahashi

    DEVELOPMENT   133 ( 18 )   3575 - 3585   2006.9

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    DOI： 10.1242/dev.02535

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  • Characterization of the class IV homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family in Arabidopsis Reviewed

    Miyuki Nakamura, Hiroshi Katsumata, Mitsutomo Abe, Naoto Yabe, Yoshibumi Komeda, Kotaro T. Yamamoto, Taku Takahashi

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   141 ( 4 )   1363 - 1375   2006.8

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    DOI： 10.1104/pp.106.077388

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  • AtVAM3 is required for normal specification of idioblasts, myrosin cells Reviewed

    H Ueda, C Nishiyama, T Shimada, Y Koumoto, Y Hayashi, M Kondo, T Takahashi, Ohtomo, I, M Nishimura, Hara-Nishimura, I

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   47 ( 1 )   164 - 175   2006.1

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pci232

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  • Identification of an allele of VAM3/SYP22 that confers a semi-dwarf phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana Reviewed

    Ohtomo, I, H Ueda, T Shimada, C Nishiyama, Y Komoto, Hara-Nishimura, I, T Takahashi

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   46 ( 8 )   1358 - 1365   2005.8

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pci146

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  • AtXTH27 plays an essential role in cell wall modification during the development of tracheary elements

    A Matsui, R Yokoyama, M Seki, T Ito, K Shinozaki, T Takahashi, Y Komeda, K Nishitani

    PLANT JOURNAL   42 ( 4 )   525 - 534   2005.5

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    DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02395.x

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  • The plant exon finder: a tool for precise detection of exons using a T-DNA-based tagging approach

    F Jingu, T Shirase, Ohtomo, I, A Imai, Y Komeda, T Takahashi

    GENE   338 ( 2 )   267 - 273   2004.9

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.004

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  • Gene silencing using a heat-inducible RNAi system in Arabidopsis

    F Masclaux, M Charpenteau, T Takahashi, R Pont-Lezica, JP Galaud

    BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS   321 ( 2 )   364 - 369   2004.8

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.154

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  • Spermidine synthase genes are essential for survival of Arabidopsis

    A Imai, T Matsuyama, Y Hanzawa, T Akiyama, M Tamaoki, H Saji, Y Shirano, T Kato, H Hayashi, D Shibata, S Tabata, Y Komeda, T Takahashi

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   135 ( 3 )   1565 - 1573   2004.7

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    DOI： 10.1104/pp.104.041699

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  • Spermine is not essential for survival of Arabidopsis

    A Imai, T Akiyama, T Kato, S Sato, S Tabata, KT Yamamoto, T Takahashi

    FEBS LETTERS   556 ( 1-3 )   148 - 152   2004.1

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    DOI： 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01395-4

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  • Regulation of shoot epidermal cell differentiation by a pair of homeodomain proteins in Arabidopsis

    M Abe, H Katsumata, Y Komeda, T Takahashi

    DEVELOPMENT   130 ( 4 )   635 - 643   2003.2

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    DOI： 10.1242/dev.00292

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  • Characterization of the spermidine synthase-related gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Y Hanzawa, A Imai, AJ Michael, Y Komeda, T Takahashi

    FEBS LETTERS   527 ( 1-3 )   176 - 180   2002.9

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    DOI： 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03217-9

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  • Disruption of a DNA topoisomerase I gene affects morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

    T Takahashi, S Matsuhara, M Abe, Y Komeda

    PLANT CELL   14 ( 9 )   2085 - 2093   2002.9

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    DOI： 10.1105/tpc.001925

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  • Formation of corymb-like inflorescences due to delay in bolting and flower development in the corymbosa2 mutant of arabidopsis

    M Suzuki, T Takahashi, Y Komeda

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   43 ( 3 )   298 - 306   2002.3

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    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcf036

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  • Identification of a cis-regulatory element for L1 layer-specific gene expression, which is targeted by an L1-specific homeodomain protein

    M Abe, T Takahashi, Y Komeda

    PLANT JOURNAL   26 ( 5 )   487 - 494   2001.6

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    DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2001.01047.x

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  • ACAULIS5, an Arabidopsis gene required for stem elongation, encodes a spermine synthase

    Y Hanzawa, T Takahashi, AJ Michael, D Burtin, D Long, M Pineiro, G Coupland, Y Komeda

    EMBO JOURNAL   19 ( 16 )   4248 - 4256   2000.8

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    DOI： 10.1093/emboj/19.16.4248

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  • Heat-shock tagging: a simple method for expression and isolation of plant genome DNA flanked by T-DNA insertions

    S Matsuhara, F Jingu, T Takahashi, Y Komeda

    PLANT JOURNAL   22 ( 1 )   79 - 86   2000.4

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    DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2000.00716.x

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  • Salicylic acid induces the expression of a number of receptor-like kinase genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Y. Ohtake, T. Takahashi, Y. Komeda

    Plant and Cell Physiology   41 ( 9 )   1038 - 1044   2000

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcd028

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  • 茎伸長の分子機構

    半澤芳恵, 高橋卓, 米田好文

    細胞工学別冊 植物細胞工学シリーズ   12巻 128-137頁   2000

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  • Expression of endoxyloglucan transferase genes in acaulis mutants of Arabidopsis

    T Akamatsu, Y Hanzawa, Y Ohtake, T Takahashi, K Nishitani, Y Komeda

    PLANT PHYSIOLOGY   121 ( 3 )   715 - 721   1999.11

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1104/pp.121.3.715

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  • Cloning and characterization of an L1 layer-specific gene in Arabidopsis thaliana

    M Abe, T Takahashi, Y Komeda

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   40 ( 6 )   571 - 580   1999.6

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  • 熱ショック応答の分子機構

    高橋卓, 米田好文

    蛋白質核酸酵素臨時増刊 「環境応答・適応の分子機構」   44巻 39-44頁   1999

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  • The Arabidopsis ERECTA gene is expressed in the shoot apical meristem and organ primordia

    Ryusuke Yokoyama, Taku Takahashi, Atsushi Kato, Keiko U. Torii, Yoshibumi Komeda

    Plant Journal   15 ( 3 )   301 - 310   1998.8

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    DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00203.x

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  • Identification by PCR of receptor-like protein kinases from Arabidopsis flowers

    Taku Takahashi, Jing-Hong Mu, Alexander Gasch, Nam-Hai Chua

    Plant Molecular Biology   37 ( 4 )   587 - 596   1998.7

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1023/A:1005924817190

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  • Development of inflorescences in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Taku Takahashi

    JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH   111   283 - 288   1998

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1007/BF02512185

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  • ACL5: An Arabidopsis gene required for internodal elongation after flowering

    Yoshie Hanzawa, Taku Takahashi, Yoshibumi Komeda

    Plant Journal   12 ( 4 )   863 - 874   1997

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Blackwell Publishing Ltd  

    DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.12040863.x

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  • THE DIMINUTO GENE OF ARABIDOPSIS IS INVOLVED IN REGULATING CELL ELONGATION

    T TAKAHASHI, A GASCH, N NISHIZAWA, NH CHUA

    GENES & DEVELOPMENT   9 ( 1 )   97 - 107   1995.1

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    DOI： 10.1101/gad.9.1.97

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  • ANALYSIS OF TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION OF ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA HSP9O-FAMILY GENE HSP81 Reviewed

    N YABE, T TAKAHASHI, Y KOMEDA

    PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY   35 ( 8 )   1207 - 1219   1994.12

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  • Expression in yeast of a fusion gene composed of the promoter of a heat-shock gene from Arabidopsis and a bacterial gene for β-glucuronidase(共著)

    TAKAHASHI Taku, YABE Naoto, KOMEDA Yoshibumi

    Plant and Cell Physiology   34 ( 1 )   161 - 164   1993

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    Language：English   Publisher：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

    Production of a functional β-glucuronidase (GUS) protein was induced by exposure of exponentially growing yeast cells to heat shock after transformation of the GUS gene under the control of the promoter of the heat-shock gene, HSP18.2, from Arabidopsis. Yeast cyr and bcy mutations appeared to have essentially no effect.

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    Other Link： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=181806

  • The Arabidopsis HSP18.2 promoter/GUS gene fusion in transgenic Arabidopsis plants: a powerful tool for the isolation of regulatory mutants of the heat‐shock response

    Taku Takahashi, Satoshi Naito, Yoshibumi Komeda

    The Plant Journal   2 ( 5 )   751 - 761   1992

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.1992.tb00144.x

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  • Isolation and analysis of the expression of two genes for the 81-kilodalton heat-shock proteins from Arabidopsis

    Taku Takahashi, Satoshi Naito, Yoshibumi Komeda

    Plant Physiology   99 ( 2 )   383 - 390   1992

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：American Society of Plant Biologists  

    DOI： 10.1104/pp.99.2.383

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  • Heat-shock induced accumulation of extremely long transcripts containing the rDNA intergenic spacer in Arabidopsis(共著)

    Takahashi Taku, Komeda Yoshibumi

    Plant and Cell Physiology   33 ( 4 )   389 - 394   1992

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    Language：English   Publisher：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

    A cDNA clone containing a 1.2-kb fragment derived from the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) intergenic spacer (IGS) of Arabidopsis was characterized. Isolation of this clone was achieved in a previous study by differential screening of a cDNA library prepared from heat-shocked Arabidopsis seedlings (Takahashi and Komeda 1989). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the cDNA had an oligo(dA) sequence that corresponded to the sequence found in the IGS. Northern blot analysis using the cloned cDNA as probe demonstrated that heat-shock treatment of seedlings induced the accumulation of extremely long transcripts with apparent lengths of more than 7 kb. Treatment with arsenite and cadmium ions also led to the accumulation of the RNA, a phenomenon very similar to that observed in the case of expression of genes for heat-shock proteins (HSPs). Although the possibility remains to be excluded that these transcripts might be derived from,a region homologous to the IGS Iocated outside the rDNA clusters in Arabidopsis, it is most likely that processing of precursor rRNA and/or termination of transcription of rRNA are greatly impaired under stressed conditions in plants, as reported in the case of animal genes for rRNA (Labhart and Reeder 1987, Parker and Bond 1989).

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    Other Link： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=181630

  • CHARACTERIZATION OF 2-GENES ENCODING SMALL HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS IN ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA

    T TAKAHASHI, Y KOMEDA

    MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS   219 ( 3 )   365 - 372   1989.11

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1007/BF00259608

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Books

  • 新しい植物ホルモンの科学 第3版

    浅見忠男, 柿本辰男（ Role： Contributor ,  Column サーモスペルミン）

    講談社  2016.11 

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  • 基礎生物科学

    鷲谷いずみ 監修（ Role： Contributor ,  第９章 生物のからだを作る仕組み）

    培風館  2016.7 

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  • Polyamines

    T. Kusano, H. Suzuki（ Role： Contributor ,  Regulation and diversity of polyamine biosynthesis in plants）

    2015 

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  • レーヴン，ジョンソン／生物学［下］

    培風館  2006 

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  • 改訂３版 ”モデル植物の実験プロトコール”

    秀潤社  2005 

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MISC

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Presentations

  • A thermospermine-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis is sensitive to salt stress.

    Plant Signaling & Behavior 2017  2017 

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  • Repression of xylem differentiation by thermospermine in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Plant Signaling & Behavior 2017  2017 

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  • ミロシン細胞分化におけるSYP2ファミリーSNAREタンパク質の役割

    第４９回日本植物生理学会年会  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎の伸長はサーモスペルミンを必要とする

    第４９回日本植物生理学会年会  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナacl5変異株の茎伸長欠損を抑圧する新たな変異株の単離と遺伝子の同定

    日本植物学会第７２回大会  2008 

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  • Polyamine-dependent control of stem elongation in Arabidopsis

    55th NIBB Conference/ Arabidopsis Workshop 2008  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナの表皮に特異的な遺伝子発現に関わる転写因子の探索

    第 31 回日本分子生物学会年会  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナのacl5変異株の茎伸長欠損を抑圧する新たな変異株の単離

    第 31 回日本分子生物学会年会  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花器官におけるHD-ZIP IV遺伝子群の機能

    第４９回日本植物生理学会年会  2008 

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  • シロイヌナズナの茎の伸長におけるテルモスペルミンの重要性

    日本ポリアミン研究会第22回研究発表会  2008 

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  • 非生物的／生物的ストレスに対する植物生体防御におけるスペルミンの役割の検証

    日本ポリアミン研究会第21回研究発表会  2007 

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  • シロイヌナズナの茎伸長におけるスペルミンの作用機構の遺伝学的解析

    日本ポリアミン研究会第21回研究発表会  2007 

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  • The uORF-mediated gene expression control in higher plants.

    第79回日本遺伝学会大会国際シンポジウム  2007 

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  • A semi-dominant mutation in a ribosomal protein L10 gene suppresses the dwarf phenotype of the acl5 mutant.

    18th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research  2007 

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  • Polyamine-dependent control of stem elongation in Arabidopsis

    International Symposium – Comprehensive understanding of diverse biological timing mechanism.  2007 

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  • シロイヌナズナの病原菌に対する防御応答におけるスペルミンシグナル伝達経路の役割

    日本ポリアミン研究会第20回研究発表会  2006 

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  • The dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis acl5 mutant is suppressed by a mutation in an upstream ORF of a bHLH gene.

    8th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology  2006 

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  • Requirement of AtVAM3 for specification of idioblasts (myrosin cells) in Arabidopsis thaliana.

    20th IUBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology  2006 

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  • シロイヌナズナの表皮細胞分化に関わるホメオボックス遺伝子PDF2の分子遺伝学的解析

    第78回日本遺伝学会大会  2006 

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  • Characterization of the Class IV Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper Gene Family in Arabidopsis.

    8th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology  2006 

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  • Analysis of uORF-mediated translational control of the Arabidopsis SAC51 gene.

    20th IUBMB International Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology  2006 

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  • シロイヌナズナのマイクロアレイを用いたACL5に依存的な花茎伸長制御遺伝子の同定

    第47回日本植物生理学会大会  2006 

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  • シロイヌナズナにおけるスペルミン合成酵素遺伝子欠損変異体acl5のサプレッサー変異体の分子遺伝学的解析

    日本ポリアミン研究会第20回研究発表会  2006 

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  • シロイヌナズナAtVAM3変異体はミロシナーゼを大量に蓄積する

    第４６回日本植物生理学会年会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナスペルミン合成酵素遺伝子欠損株acl5の花茎伸長欠損に対するサプレッサー変異体の解析

    第４６回日本植物生理学会年会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナ花茎伸長欠損変異株acl5のサプレッサー変異体の単離と解析

    第６２回日本植物学会中国四国支部大会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナの表皮分化に関わるHD-GL2遺伝子群の包括的解析

    第６２回日本植物学会中国四国支部大会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎伸長制御機構においてACL5の下流で機能する遺伝子の探索

    第２８回日本分子生物学会年会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナの表皮分化におけるホメオボックス遺伝子PDF2の機能解析

    第６２回日本植物学会中国四国支部大会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナの異型細胞（ミロシン細胞）分化にはSNAREタンパク質AtVAM3が関与する

    第２８回日本分子生物学会年会  2005 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎伸長欠損変異acl5に対する抑圧変異Sac54の解析

    日本植物学会第６７回大会  2003 

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  • SYP22/AtVAM3の膜隣接領域へのペプチド挿入変異体の解析

    日本植物生理学会２００３年度年会  2003 

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  • 花茎伸長欠損変異株acl5のサプレッサー変異体の単離と解析

    日本植物生理学会２００３年度年会  2003 

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  • Analysis of an Arabidopsis mutant with a peptide insertion in a syntaxin protein SYP22/AtVAM3.

    Plant Physiology 2003  2003 

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  • Spermidine synthase genes are essential for survival of Arabidopsis thaliana.

    Plant Physiology 2003.  2003 

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  • シロイヌナズナの生育にとってスペルミンは必須な物質ではない

    第２６回日本分子生物学会年会  2003 

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  • シロイヌナズナの器官形成における表皮分化の役割とHD-GL2型転写因子の関わり

    日本植物学会第６７回大会  2003 

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  • シロイヌナズナL１層特異的ホメオボックス遺伝子の機能解析

    日本植物生理学会２００２年度年会  2002 

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  • 花序先端の構築に関わるCORYMBOSA2遺伝子

    第２５回日本分子生物学会年会  2002 

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  • エンド型キシログルカン転移酵素／加水分解酵素遺伝子XTH-27の発現様式の解析

    日本植物学会第６６回大会  2002 

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  • PEF (Plant Exon Finder): T-DNAを用いた強制発現系による新しい植物遺伝子タギング法の確立

    第２５回日本分子生物学会年会  2002 

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  • シロイヌナズナにおけるスペルミジン合成酵素欠損変異体の単離と解析

    第２５回日本分子生物学会年会  2002 

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  • シロイヌナズナの表皮分化に関わるHox遺伝子群HD-GL2ファミリーの分子遺伝学的解析

    日本植物学会第６６回大会  2002 

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  • CORYMBOSA2遺伝子による花序先端の形作り

    日本植物学会第６６回大会  2002 

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  • 花茎伸長欠損変異株acl5のサプレッサー変異体の単離と解析

    日本植物学会第６６回大会  2002 

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  • 花序形態形成変異体crm2の分子遺伝学的解析

    日本植物生理学会２００１年度年会  2001 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花序形成におけるDNAトポイソメラーゼIの機能

    日本植物学会第６５回大会  2001 

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  • シロイヌナズナにおけるスペルミジン合成酵素遺伝子群の単離と解析

    日本植物生理学会２００１年度年会  2001 

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  • シロイヌナズナのＬ１層における遺伝子発現の制御機構

    第２４回日本分子生物学会年会  2001 

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  • HD-GL2クラスホメオボックス遺伝子PDF2の表皮細胞分化への関わり

    日本植物学会第６５回大会  2001 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎伸長過程の研究

    第２４回日本分子生物学会年会  2001 

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  • Molecular genetic analysis of corymbosa2, an Arabidopsis mutant with corymb-like inflorescence.

    11th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research  2000 

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  • Regulation of the L1-layer-specific gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.

    11th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research  2000 

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  • シロイヌナズナＬ１層特異的ホメオボックス遺伝子の単離と機能解析

    第２３回日本分子生物学会年会  2000 

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  • シロイヌナズナＬ１層特異的遺伝子の発現制御

    日本植物学会第６４回大会  2000 

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  • ヒートショックタギングによるT-DNA挿入変異遺伝子の単離

    日本植物生理学会２０００年度年会  2000 

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  • Heat-shock tagging: a simple method for expression and isolation of plant genome DNA flanked by T-DNA insertions.

    11th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research  2000 

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  • シロイヌナズナ花序形態形成に関与するCRM2遺伝子のポジショナルクローニング

    日本植物生理学会２０００年度年会  2000 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎伸長に関与するACL5遺伝子の単離とその解析

    日本植物学会第６３回大会  1999 

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  • シロイヌナズナにおける受容体型プロテインキナーゼ遺伝子のサリチル酸による発現誘導

    日本植物学会第６３回大会  1999 

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  • 散房花序様の表現型を示すシロイヌナズナ新規突然変異体の解析と遺伝子単離

    日本植物学会第６３回大会  1999 

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  • シロイヌナズナの花茎伸長に必須なACL5遺伝子の単離

    日本植物生理学会１９９９年度年会  1999 

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  • ACAULIS5, an Arabidopsis gene required for stem elongation, encodes a spermine synthase.

    10th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research  1999 

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Research Projects

  • シロイヌナズナの応答変異株を用いたサーモスペルミンの作用機構の解明

    Grant number：22K06281  2022.04 - 2025.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\4290000 （ Direct expense: \3300000 、 Indirect expense：\990000 ）

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  • Study on the mechanism of thermospermine-enhanced mRNA translation in plants

    Grant number：19K06724  2019.04 - 2022.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Takahashi Taku

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    Grant amount：\4290000 （ Direct expense: \3300000 、 Indirect expense：\990000 ）

    Four mutants of Arabidopsis that are insensitive to high concentrations of thermospermine were isolated and named its1, 3, 7, and 11. Genetic experiments revealed that the genes responsible for its1, 3, 7, and 11, encode an RNA methyl transferase, an RNA splicing-related enzyme, an RNA-binding protein, and a pseudo-uridine synthase, respectively. These results suggest the involvement of RNA processing or modification in the action of thermospermine.
    Furthermore, SAC51, a target of thermospermine-enhanced mRNA translation, was identified as the gene responsible for the sac503 mutation that suppresses the phenotype of a thermospermine-deficient mutant, acl5.

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  • A study on the establishment of plant epidermal cells

    Grant number：16K07422  2016.04 - 2019.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Takahashi Taku, Motose Hiroyasu, Okamoto Takashi

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    Grant amount：\4940000 （ Direct expense: \3800000 、 Indirect expense：\1140000 ）

    To define how the identity of epidermal cells is established in plants, mutants of a gene in the moss Marchantia polymorpha, MpPDF2, which is homologous to Arabidopsis ATML1 and PDF2 encoding key transcription factors for epidermal cell differentiation, were generated by genome editing strategy. The result revealed that the null mutant was lethal while the weak mutant allele in the C-terminal domain showed remarkably delayed growth, suggesting that MpPDF2 is essential for survival. Furthermore, in Arabidopsis, the positional information of the epidermis was found to be established through the activation of ATML1 by its interaction with outermost cell-specific sphingo lipids.

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  • 植物発生におけるサーモスペルミンの機能の解明

    Grant number：16H01245  2016.04 - 2018.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型)

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\10400000 （ Direct expense: \8000000 、 Indirect expense：\2400000 ）

    シロイヌナズナにおいて、サーモスペルミンはSAC51遺伝子の翻訳促進を介して、木部分化抑制に関わる。サーモスペルミンの合成欠損変異acl5では木部が過剰に分化し、茎の伸長が抑制される。しかし、優性変異sac51-dによって、SAC51の翻訳がサーモスペルミン非依存的に促進されると、茎伸長が回復する。SAC51はSACL1, SACL2, SACL3と遺伝子ファミリーを構成するが，SACL2, SACL3にはサーモスペルミンによる翻訳促進が認められない。本研究では，サーモスペルミンの作用機構と生理機能の解明を目指した。
    SAC51, SACL1のmRNAに保存されたuORFの内部に存在する，短いuORFがサーモスペルミンによるメインORFの翻訳促進制御に関わっている可能性が示唆された。ポプラ，ダイズ，ブロッコリーのSAC51ファミリー各遺伝子の5’リーダー領域をGUSレポーターと融合して調べた結果も，サーモスペルミン応答を示した遺伝子には， uORF内部に同じ読み枠で短いuORFが存在していた。単子葉類のイネでも調べた結果，保存されたuORFの内部に短いuORFがあるOsSACL3A, OsSACL3Cには，サーモスペルミン応答性が認められた。
    一方，スペルミンは非生物ストレス応答に関わることが示唆されてきたが，acl5とスペルミン合成酵素変異spmsとは詳細に比較されていなかった。塩耐性を確かめた結果，acl5はNaClに対して，野生型やspms変異よりも著しく感受性が高いことがわかった。過剰な木部分化と塩耐性低下の相関から，塩水の過剰な吸収が原因と予想された。
    ゲノム編集によるゼニゴケMpACL5遺伝子破壊株について，形態異常に加えて常温での熱ショック遺伝子の発現増加を見出した。しかし，変異株は高温にも塩にも高い感受性を示し，維管束植物とは異なる多機能が示唆された。

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  • 植物発生におけるサーモスペルミンの機能の解明

    Grant number：26113516  2014.04 - 2016.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型)

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\11310000 （ Direct expense: \8700000 、 Indirect expense：\2610000 ）

    維管束木部の過剰な分化を示す，シロイヌナズナの矮性変異株acl5の原因遺伝子は，サーモスペルミン合成酵素をコードする。acl5変異に対するサプレッサー変異株の解析から，サーモスペルミンは転写因子遺伝子SAC51の翻訳を促進して木部分化を抑えていると示唆された。SAC51は，SACL1, 2, 3と合わせて４つからなる遺伝子ファミリーを構成し，いずれもmRNA 5’リーダー領域に，保存されたuORFを持つ。本研究では，サーモスペルミンの作用標的としてSAC51に注目し，サーモスペルミンによる遺伝子の翻訳制御という，植物の新しい発生ロジックの実体解明を目指した。
    サプレッサー変異sac57-dの原因遺伝子はSACL3で，sac51-d同様，uORFに点変異がある。しかし，SAC51ファミリーの各遺伝子5’リーダー領域について，GUSレポーターを用いてサーモスペルミン応答性を調べた結果，SAC51, SACL1と異なり，SACL2, SACL3には応答に伴うGUS活性の増加が認められなかった。一方，SAC51はuORFの開始コドンを5’リーダー領域から除いてもサーモスペルミン応答したことから，サーモスペルミンの作用標的がuORFやそのコードするペプチドとは別に，mRNA 5’リーダー領域の二次構造やリボソームRNAである可能性が示唆された。
    SAC51ファミリーの各遺伝子の欠損変異株は正常な表現型を示すが，４重変異株は半矮性を示すとともに，サーモスペルミンを過剰蓄積していた。さらに，高濃度のサーモスペルミン添加培地では，野生型の根の木部分化は著しく抑制されるが，４重変異では抑制されず，サーモスペルミン非感受性を示した。この傾向はSAC51, SACL3の欠損二重変異でも認められ，これら２つがサーモスペルミン信号伝達の中心的な仲介因子であると思われる。

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  • Analysis of cell-cell interaction involved in vascular differentiation

    Grant number：25440137  2013.04 - 2016.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Hiroyasu Motose, TAKAHASHI TAKU

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    Grant amount：\5330000 （ Direct expense: \4100000 、 Indirect expense：\1230000 ）

    We identified a transport pathway of xylogen from golgi to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, several xylogen interactors were determined. We developed a inhibitor of thermospermine biosynthesis and named it xylemin (Yoshimoto et al. 2016). Addition of xylemin and auxin analog strongly promotes xylem differentiation in various plants.

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  • 高等植物の表皮分化機構の確立と維持に関わる転写因子の解析

    Grant number：23012032  2011 - 2012

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓, 本瀬 宏康

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    Grant amount：\6400000 （ Direct expense: \6400000 ）

    植物のからだ作りにおいて,表皮細胞分化は不可欠である。シロイヌナズナでは,地上部表皮の幹細胞,すなわち茎頂L1層に特異的な遺伝子発現に転写因子PDF2,ATML1が関わり,これらが表皮細胞分化において中心的なはたらきを担う。PDF2,ATML1は,標的遺伝子の調節領域にあるL1ボックス配列に結合して,その発現を正に制御しているが,自身の調節領域にもL1ボックスが存在することから,正の自己制御が予想される。本研究では,胚発生過程において,PDF2,ATML1遺伝子の発現がどのようにL1層に限定されて自己制御が確立するか,その分子基盤を明らかにすることを目標とした。
    PDF2が胚のL1層より内側の細胞では他の因子と相互作用して機能できなくなる可能性を考えて,PDF2と相互作用する因子を酵母2ハイブリッド法により探索した結果,RNA結合タンパクとE3ユビキチンリガーゼが2種類ずつ,BAHタンパク,機能不明タンパクが得られた。これらは,同じHD-ZIP IVファミリーに属するHDG2とも相互作用する一方,HD-ZIP IIIファミリーのCNAとは相互作用が認められなかった。PDF2タンパクのどの領域と相互作用するか調べた結果,START領域のC末端側からSAD領域にかけて結合部位があると予想された。
    一方,表皮が欠損するpdf2-1 atml1-1二重変異株を用いたマイクmアレイの結果に基づき,転写因子に絞って遺伝子発現解析を行い,表皮に特異的に発現する転写因子として,Znフィンガーを持つタンパク質を新たに見出した。プロモーター=GUS遺伝子の発現から表皮に特異的な発現が確認され,この遺伝子をPDF3と名付けた。さらに,PDF3と非常に相同性の高い遺伝子PDF31と二重欠損変異を作出した結果,胚致死になった。

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  • A study on the mode of action of thermospermine in the stem growth of plants

    Grant number：22370021  2010.04 - 2014.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    TAKAHASHI Taku, MOTOSE Hiroyasu

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    Grant amount：\17940000 （ Direct expense: \13800000 、 Indirect expense：\4140000 ）

    Thermospermine functions in repressing xylem differentiation in plants and its deficiency results in excess proliferation of xylem vessels and severe dwarfism. To know the mode of action of thermospermine, we have isolated suppressor mutants of a thermospermine-requiring mutant of Arabidopsis that restore the dwarf phenotype, and revealed that sac53-d and sac56-d mutants are defective in a gene encoding ribosomal protein RACK1 and L4, respectively. We further found that thermospermine can be functionally replaced with norspermine. A chemical screening experiment revealed that thermospermine and auxin have an opposite function in xylem differentiation.

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  • The regulatory mechanisms of plant cell polarity

    Grant number：22770043  2010 - 2012

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

    MOTOSE Hiroyasu, TAKAHASHI Taku

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    Grant amount：\4290000 （ Direct expense: \3300000 、 Indirect expense：\990000 ）

    Cell polarity is fundamental to plant development. However, its precise mechanisms are largely unknown. This study revealed that Arabidopsis NIMA-related kinases regulate the polarity of cell division and elongation via microtubule organization. In addition, we have characterized the mechanism of xylogen transport and the expression pattern of xylogen family.

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  • 高等植物の表皮分化機構の確立と維持に関わる転写因子の解析

    Grant number：21027028  2009 - 2010

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\5200000 （ Direct expense: \5200000 ）

    高等植物における表皮分化の分子機構を明らかにするため,シロイヌナズナの茎頂L1層に特異的な遺伝子発現に関わる転写因子PDF2,ATML1の解析をすすめた。
    1)レポーターを用いたPDF2とATML1の発現解析
    PDF2,ATML1各遺伝子プロモーターとGUSレポーター融合遺伝子の発現解析から,PDF2のuORFは翻訳に対して抑制的に働くこと,第1イントロンは発現を促進する効果を持つことが示唆されたが,それらが発現をL1層に限定する機構に関わる証拠は得られなかった。ATML1の第2転写開始点からの発現は,第1転写開始点に比べて弱く,表皮細胞の発生後期に強まることから,補足的であると推定された。
    PDF2,ATML1を含むHD-ZIP IVファミリー全16遺伝子のうち,10遺伝子の3'非翻訳領域には短い配列HDCボックスがある。精査するといずれのHDCボックスにも逆向き相補配列が存在し,ステムループ構造の2本鎖RNAを形成することが予想された。
    2)pdf2 atml1二重変異の解析
    表皮欠損を示すpdf2-1 atm-1二重変異において,葉の表側マーカーPHB,裏側マーカーFILの発現をGFPレポーターを用いて調べたところ,表皮欠損は表裏の決定には影響しないことが示唆された。一方,胚発生過程におけるDR5プロモーターによるGFPの蛍光観察から,表皮欠損に伴うオーキシン極性輸送の喪失が発生遅延と器官形態異常の原因であると示唆された。さらに,PDF2遺伝子の新たなT-DNA挿入変異アレルpdf2-2の解析をすすめ,pdf2-1同様,atmll-1との組み合わせでは表皮欠損,atmll-2との組み合わせでは胚性致死の表現型を示すことを確認した。

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  • シロイヌナズナの受精過程におけるHD-GL2型転写因子群の機能解析

    Grant number：19043012  2007 - 2008

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\5600000 （ Direct expense: \5600000 ）

    HD-GL2ファミリーは植物に特有のホメオドメインを持つ転写因子の一群で、その多くの遺伝子が茎頂最外層(L1)や表皮細胞で強く発現する。そのうち、いくつかの遺伝子は受粉前後の花器官において特異的な発現を示す。しかし、これらの遺伝子のT-DNA挿入変異体は、それぞれ単独では異常な表現型を表さず、遺伝子間に機能の冗長性があることが示唆される。他方、同じファミリーに属するPDF2, ATML 1は茎頂最外層からの表皮分化に必須であり、その二重欠損変異は地上部の表皮細胞を欠く。花器官の特定の組織や細胞で発現しているHD-GL2遺伝子は、配偶体の形成から受粉、受精に至る、最も動的な細胞間認識が起こる過程で重要な転写調節機能を担っている可能性があることから、本研究では、これらの遺伝子について生殖過程における機能の解明を目指した。
    (1) PDF2遺伝子の欠損変異pdf2-1と他のHD-GL2遺伝子の欠損変異との二重変異体の表現型観察から、それらのいくつかに見られた稔性低下の原因が、主にAP3遺伝子の発現低下による花小器官のホメオティック変異(花弁のがく化と雄蕊の心皮化)にあることを明らかにした。これらのHD-GL2遺伝子は花小器官の表皮に発現しており、生殖器官分化における表皮細胞の寄与の重要性が示唆された。
    (2) HDG2遺伝子は胚のう形成後、反足細胞において特異的に強く発現する。この発現には、表皮に特異的な遺伝子発現に関わるL1ボックス配列がシス配列として必要であることを前年度明らかにしていた。L1ボックス配列はHD-GL2ファミリーの標的配列でもあり、自己制御が示唆されたため、hdg2変異体や同じ反足細胞で発現が見られるHD-GL2遺伝子の三重変異体hdg2 hdg5 hdg9でGUSレポーターによりHDG2の発現を確かめた。その結果、いずれの変異体でも反足細胞での発現が認められた。

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  • MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE REGULATORY MECHANISM OF POLYAMINE-DEPENDENT STEM ELONGATION IN HIGHER PLANTS

    Grant number：17370023  2005 - 2007

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    TAKAHASHI Taku

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    Grant amount：\15280000 （ Direct expense: \14500000 、 Indirect expense：\780000 ）

    Disruption of the Arabidopsis thaliana ACAULIS5 (ACL5) gene results in a severe dwarf phenotype. To elucidate ACL5-mediated regulatory pathways of the stem growth, we isolated four suppressor of acaulis (sac) mutants that reverse the dwarf phenotype. Our results revealed that the sac51-d mutation disrupts a short upstream open reading frame (uORF) of SAC51, which encodes a putative transcription factor and suggested that ACL5 plays a role in translational activation of SAC51.
    A gene responsible for sac52-d was found to encode a ribosomal protein RPL10A.
    We also identified three genes in the moss P. patens which are homologous to ACL5.
    Furthermore, to examine whether ACL5 encodes spermine synthase or thermospermine synthase, we tried to detect these polyamines in plant extracts. The results revealed that thermospermine is detected in wild-type seedlings but is not detectable in the ac15-1 mutant. We further examined the effect of exogenous application of these isomers on the growth of ac15-1. Daily application of thermospermine onto the shoot apex partially rescued the dwarf phenotype of ac15-1, while that of spermine had no effects on the morphology of the mutant. The ac15-1 transcript level in ac15-1 seedlings, which is much higher than the ACL5 transcript level in wild-type seedlings, was found to be reduced by thermospermine. Thus it was concluded that thermospermine is produced through the action of ACL5 and required for stem elongation in Arabidopsis.
    On the other hand, physiological studies on the mutant of SPMS, which encodes spermine synthase, revealed that spermine plays a protective role in drought and high salt stress responses. These results should provide a important due in understanding the action of polyamines in plant growth and development.

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  • 植物の茎頂における細胞層状構造の分化・維持に関わる転写制御因子の解析

    Grant number：17027021  2005 - 2006

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\6400000 （ Direct expense: \6400000 ）

    シロイヌナズナの茎頂L1層における遺伝子発現制御には、ホメオドメインを持った転写因子PDF2,ATML1が関わる。本研究では、PDF2,ATML1が属するHD-ZIP IVファミリーの各メンバーの解析から、その包括的な機能解明を目指した。
    1)各メンバーのT-DNA挿入変異株を用いたマイクロアレイ解析をすすめた。
    1a)pdf2-1変異株およびatml1-1変異株と野生型株の芽生えを用いたマイクロアレイ解析、リアルタイムRT-PCR実験から、2つの変異株において同様に影響を受ける遺伝子、一方の変異株のみで特異的に発現量が変動する遺伝子を見つけた。この結果から、PDF2とATML1の機能が完全には同一でないことが分子レベルで確かめられた。
    1b)トライコームの分枝増加の表現型を示すhdg11-1変異株において、野生型株と比較して発現が増加、および低下した遺伝子を同定した。
    2)かけ合わせF1個体が稔性低下を示す、an12-t変異株とhdg1-1変異株について、詳しい分離を調べた結果、F1自家受粉のF2世代やan12-tホモ/hdg1-1ヘテロの次世代にはan12-thdg1-1二重変異株が得られないこと、an12-tヘテロ/hdg1-1ホモの次世代に分離する二重変異株は正常な稔性を示すことがわかった。稔性低下は雄しべの花糸の伸長低下が原因であった。
    3)PDF2,ATML1に最も相同性の高いHDG2が胚のうの反足細胞に特異的な発現を示したことから、HDG2プロモーターの欠失変異体シリーズを作成し、反足細胞における発現に必要なシス領域を約50bpに限定した。
    4)熱ショックプロモーターにつないだCreリコンビナーゼを用いて、Engrailed-PDF2融合遺伝子をL1層に特異的に誘導発現する系を確立した。

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  • Molecular genetic analyses of the plant shoot formation using Arabidopsis mutants.

    Grant number：15570027  2003 - 2004

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    TAKAHASHI Taku

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    Grant amount：\3700000 （ Direct expense: \3700000 ）

    In a previous study, loss-of-function mutations of the ACL5 gene, which encodes spermine synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana, have been shown to result in a severely dwarfed phenotype. To know further the function of polyamines in plants, mutants defective in the synthesis of spermidine and spermine were characterized. The Arabidopsis genome has two genes for spermidine synthase, SPDS1 and SPDS2, and two for spermine synthase, ACL5 and SPMS. spds1 spds2 double mutants were found to be embryonic lethal, suggesting that spermidine is essential for survival of plants, while acl5-1 spms-1 double mutants are fully as viable as the wild type and show no phenotype except for the reduced stem growth due to acl5-1. This suggests that ACL5 and SPMS function in different aspects of the plant growth.
    To elucidate the molecular basis of the mode of actions of spermine in plant shoot development, Suppressor of acl5 (Sac) mutants were isolated from homozygous acl5 plants as mutants that suppress the dwarfed phenotype of acl5. So far, four mutations have been identified. Fine mapping experiments and DNA sequence determination revealed that the Sac51-1 allele contains a point mutation in an upstream ORF (uORF) of a gene encoding a putative transcription factor.
    On the other hand, the short stem and midrib (ssm) mutants showing both semi-dwarf and wavy leaf phenotypes were isolated and characterized. Map-based cloning of the gene that is defective in ssm mutants has uncovered a small deletion in the 6th intron of a gene encoding a syntaxin, VAM3/SYP22, which has been implicated in vesicle transport to the vacuole.

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  • 植物の茎頂における細胞層状構造の分化・維持に関わる転写制御因子の解析

    Grant number：15031201  2003 - 2004

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\6000000 （ Direct expense: \6000000 ）

    シロイヌナズナの茎頂L1層における遺伝子発現制御には、HD-GL2ファミリーに属するホメオドメインを持った転写因子ML1,PDF2が関わる。本研究では、植物の茎頂において表皮細胞を分化するL1層が、胚発生の過程でどのように確立し、維持されているかを明らかにするため、シロイヌナズナゲノムに16遺伝子存在するHD-GL2ファミリーに注目し、その包括的な機能解析をすすめた。
    1)以前にpdf2-1 ml1-1二重変異が表皮分化欠損を示すことに加えて、胚致死になる個体が分離することを確認していたが、ホメオドメインのコード領域にT-DNAが挿入されたml1-2アリルを用いた場合には、pdf2-1 ml1-2二重変異のすべてが胚致死となり、これらの遺伝子が胚発生において必須であることを確認した。
    2)表皮欠損を示すpdf2-1 ml1-1変異の芽生えを用いてcDNAマイクロアレイ解析を行なったところ、膨大な数の遺伝子に野生型芽生えとの発現の相違が認められたが、表皮に形成されるクチクラやワックス合成に関わると予想される脂質の合成や代謝関連の遺伝子発現の低下が目立った。ML1,PDF2はL1層で発現するこれらの遺伝子のプロモーター領域に存在するL1ボックスへの結合を介して、それらの発現を正に制御し、表皮分化をもたらすことが示唆された。
    3)一方、HDG1〜HDG12と名付けたHD-GL2ファミリーの各遺伝子については、T-DNA挿入変異株のアリルを追加して解析をすすめたところ、hdg11-1にトライコームの分枝増加の表現型を見つけた。さらに、最も相同性の高い遺伝子HDG12のT-DNA挿入変異hdg12-2の分枝には異常が見られなかったが、bdg11-1 hdg12-2二重変異では分枝増加が強調されたことから、これらの遺伝子はトライコームの分枝調節に関わると予想された。

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  • 植物の茎頂における細胞層状構造の分化・維持に関わる転写制御因子の解析

    Grant number：14036202  2002

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\3000000 （ Direct expense: \3000000 ）

    高等植物の茎頂では細胞が層状構造を成しており、最外層(L1層)は各器官の表皮へと分化する。本研究では、胚発生の過程でこのL1層がどのように確立し、また茎頂において維持されているのか、その分子的基盤を明らかにするために、L1層に特異的な遺伝子の発現制御に関わると予想されるホメオドメインを持つ転写因子に注目し、シロイヌナズナにおいてこれをコードしている遺伝子PDF2,ATML1についてその発現調節および機能の解析を進めた。
    これまでに、L1層に特異的な遺伝子の発現に関与する遺伝子上流のシス配列としてL1ボックスを同定していたが、PDF2, ATML1両遺伝子産物がL1ボックスに結合する活性を示し、その二重変異は表皮細胞が分化せずに致死となることを明らかにした。PDF2の過剰発現は花成遅延、発現抑制はがくや花弁の表皮細胞の形態異常をもたらした。PDF2, ATML1両遺伝子自身の上流域にもL1ボックスが存在し、正の自己制御機構の存在が示唆されたことから、胚発生とともにL1層に特異的な遺伝子発現調節機構が確立するためには、L1層に発現を限定するための別の転写制御因子の関与が予想された。また、レポーター遺伝子を用いたPDF2プロモーターの解析から、L1層におけるPDF2遺伝子の発現には、L1ボックスに加えて別の転写因子WUSの標的配列も必要であることを明らかにした。他方、PDF2, ATML1を含む遺伝子群の全16遺伝子のうち、未解析のものについて、発現解析、ノックアウト変異株の探索を進めた。PDF2, ATML1に最も高い相同性を示すHDG2は若い葉や花茎の表皮で遺伝子発現が認められたが、T-DNA挿入変異株は正常に生育した。

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  • 植物病原体認識機構としての受容体型キナーゼ-リガンド相互作用に関する研究

    Grant number：13039001  2001 - 2002

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特定領域研究

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\3800000 （ Direct expense: \3800000 ）

    シロイヌナズナの突然変異体を用いた遺伝学的解析から、植物の形態形成や環境応答など様々な局面において、受容体型プロテインキナーゼの関与が明らかになりつつある。病原菌認識、応答機構では、細菌ベン毛の構成タンパク質であるフラジェリンを、ロイシンリピートをもつ受容体型プロテインキナーゼFLS2が認識する系が知られている。本研究では、シロイヌナズナの形質転換によりフラジェリンのエピトープを植物自身に誘導的に発現させて、これが自身の病原抵抗反応を誘発するか、その効果を調べるとともに、耐病性向上という視点から、受容体型キナーゼを介した信号伝達の人為的操作を可能にする系の確立を目指した。
    エリシターとして機能することが示されている大腸菌のフラジェリンN末端22アミノ酸のエピトープを、細胞壁タンパク質PDF1の分泌シグナルペプチドに融合させ、熱ショックプロモーターのもとで発現するように構築したT-DNAをシロイヌナズナに導入し、形質転換植物を作出した。その結果、熱ショックによって導入した融合遺伝子が誘導的に発現するとともに、PR1aタンパク質をコードする遺伝子の発現誘導が認められた。同じ処理条件で野生型植物には誘導が認められないことから、フラジェリンの発現によって引き起こされた応答反応であると示唆された。一方、菌の感染や外からのフラジェリン処理で認められる生長阻害など、形態的な変化はみられなかった。他の抵抗性関連遺伝子の発現が同時に誘導されているか、実際に抵抗性が高まっているかについては、さらに解析中である。

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  • シロイヌナズナの突然変異株を用いた花序形態形成の分子遺伝学的解析

    Grant number：12740431  2000 - 2001

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\2300000 （ Direct expense: \2300000 ）

    フィボナッチ数列で表される、高等植物のらせん葉序および花序の分子的基盤は、多細胞生物の形作りについて、まだ解析の進んでいない問題のひとつである。本研究では、シロイヌナズナのT-DNA挿入形質転換植物の中から見つかった、葉や花の分枝パターンに異常を示す変異株について、形態学的な解析を行うと共に、原因遺伝子の同定を試みた。
    この変異株は、高い頻度で葉序の乱れや二叉分岐、一つの節から二つ以上の花芽を分化するなどの表現型を示すのに加えて、葉の鋸歯化、花序や個々の花のねじれを引き起こす。花器官の数の異常も観察された。T-DNA挿入による劣性変異であることが遺伝解析からわかったので、昨年度に確立した熱ショックタギング法により、原因遺伝子を単離したところ、I型DNAトポイソメラーゼ遺伝子TOP1Aのコード領域にT-DNA挿入を見つけた。この遺伝子プロモーターに野生型TOP1A遺伝子に由来する全長cDNAをつないだT-DNAを変異株に導入した結果、変異表現型は完全に回復したことから、確かにTOP1A遺伝子の欠損が形態異常の原因であることを証明した。TOP1A遺伝子の発現は、野生型株の名器官に認められた。
    さらに、この遺伝子は、染色体上で相同遺伝子TOP1Bとタンデムに並んで存在することから、TOP1BについてRNAiを利用した発現抑制を試みた。野生型株への導入では、形態的な異常は観察されなかったが、top1a変異株のバックグラウンドでは、発芽後致死になったことから、I型DNAトポイソメラーゼ遺伝子が植物の生育に必須であることが示唆された。

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  • シロイヌナズナの矮性変異株を用いた花茎伸長の分子遺伝学的解析

    Grant number：09740561  1997 - 1998

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    高橋 卓

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    Grant amount：\2300000 （ Direct expense: \2300000 ）

    高等植物の花茎伸長および花序形態形成に関わる遺伝子を同定する目的で、前年度に引き続いてシロイヌナズナ(Anbidopsis thaliana)のT-DNA挿入による形質転換植物を多数作出し、花茎や花序に形態異常が見られる変異株の探索を試みた。得られた約500の独立な形質転換株の中には、地上部の形態異常や花芽形成の遅延などの表現型を示す個体がいくつか認められたが、花芽の出現パターンに規則性がなくなり、時として花茎のひとつの節に複数の花が分化する、あるいは主軸が二股に分岐してその後の花茎伸長が続くなどの表現型を示す一株に注目して解析した。遺伝解析の結果、T-DNA挿入による劣性変異であることがわかり、IPCR法による遺伝子クローニングから5番染色体上に挿入変異を見出した。原因遺伝子の同定、発現解析は途上にあるが、形態観察の結果から花序茎頂の分裂組織が分裂活性を維持できないことが変異表現型の原因であると示唆された。
    他方、細胞壁の伸展性調節に関わることが示唆されているエンドキシログルカン転移酵素(EXGT)の5種類の遺伝子について、野生型植物および矮性変異株ac11〜ac15における発現をそれぞれ調べた結果、EXGT-A1遺伝子についてのみ、その発現量と花茎伸長に強い正の相関を認めた。また、花序形態変異erectaの原因遺伝子として同定されていた受容体型プロテインキナーゼと相同性の高い配列をコードする遺伝子を単離し、雄ずいおよび花粉での高い発現を明らかにするとともに、プロテインキナーゼとしての自己リン酸化活性を確かめた。

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