研究者詳細 - 三橋　利晴

論文 - 三橋　利晴

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Effectiveness of the Original COVID-19 Vaccine against COVID-19 Exacerbations during the Omicron Wave: A Population-based Study in Okayama, Japan.

Naomi Matsumoto, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Rumi Matsuo, Tomoka Kadowaki, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

JMA journal 6 ( 4 ) 463 - 469 2023年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

INTRODUCTION: In Japan, approximately 97 million individuals have received their primary two doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine at the end of 2022. In this study, we aim to examine the effectiveness of the primary vaccines and compare its efficacy to booster vaccine shots in terms of preventing COVID-19 exacerbations during the Omicron-predominant period in Japan. METHODS: For this analysis, we have collected all the confirmed COVID-19-positive cases from different medical institutions in Okayama City and have also utilized the information from the public Vaccination Record System. Taking the number of vaccinations into consideration, we then conducted a population-based study to assess the effectiveness of the two primary vaccine doses in preventing COVID-19 exacerbations during the Omicron waves. Our primary and secondary outcomes were COVID-19 exacerbations with respiratory failure (i.e., oxygen saturation on room air ≤ 93%, requiring supplemental oxygen), intensive care unit admission and/or mechanical ventilator requirement, or death, in accordance with the Japanese COVID-19 guidelines, and pneumonia during the course of COVID-19 infection, respectively. RESULTS: In total, 95,329 COVID-19-positive individuals, aged 5 years and above, were included in this analysis (study period from January 1 to September 10, 2022). As per our findings, the effectiveness of the primary two doses against COVID-19 exacerbations compared with those who had never been vaccinated was 55.5% (95% confidential interval [CI]: 32.6-71.7), whereas it was higher after the third dose (76.9%; 95% CI: 66.7-84.0) and the fourth dose (75.7%; 95% CI: 58.8-85.7). Effectiveness was sustained for ≥ 5 months after the third vaccination, and preventive effectiveness was observed in individuals aged ≥ 65 years. CONCLUSIONS: As per the results of this study, we can conclude that the efficacy of the primary two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine can be further strengthened in terms of preventing COVID-19 exacerbations by administering third and fourth booster vaccine shots. The additional bivalent vaccine is anticipated to further increase its efficacy against the Omicron strain, suggesting that individuals who have not received their booster shots yet should consider getting them to prevent COVID-19 exacerbations.

DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2023-0019

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Effectiveness of the original COVID-19 vaccine in preventing COVID-19 exacerbations during the Omicron wave: A population-based study in Okayama, Japan. 査読

Matsumoto N, Mitsuhashi T, Matsuo R, Kadowaki T, Takao S, Yorifuji T

JMA J. 6 ( 4 ) 463 - 46 2023年10月

Prospective evaluation of core number of biopsy for renal tumor: are multiple cores preferable?

Toshihiro Iguchi, Yusuke Matsui, Tomohiro Toji, Jun Sakurai, Koji Tomita, Mayu Uka, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takahiro Kawabata, Kazuaki Munetomo, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Takao Hiraki

Japanese journal of radiology 2023年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

PURPOSE: This single-center, single-arm, prospective, open-label study was conducted to evaluate the optimal number of cores (single or multiple) in renal tumor biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four biopsies of 44 tumors (mean diameter, 2.7 ± 1.0 cm; range, 1.6-5.0 cm) were included. Biopsy was performed under ultrasound or computed tomography fluoroscopy guidance using an 18-gauge cutting needle and the co-axial method. Two or more specimens were obtained, which were divided into first and subsequent specimens. "First specimen" and "all specimens" were histologically evaluated (i.e., appropriateness of specimen, histological diagnosis, subtype, and Fuhrman grade of renal cell carcinoma [RCC]) blindly and independently by two board-certified pathologists. RESULTS: Multiple specimens were successfully and safely obtained in all the biopsies. All tumors were histologically diagnosed; 40 malignancies included 39 RCCs and 1 solitary fibrous tumor, and 4 benign lesions included 2 angiomyolipomas, 1 oncocytoma, and 1 capillary hemangioma. In all RCCs, the subtype could be determined (32 clear cell RCCs, 4 chromophobe RCCs, and 3 papillary RCCs), and the Furman grade was determined in 38 RCCs. When only the first specimen was evaluated, 22.7% of the specimens were inappropriate for diagnosis, and 34 (77.3%) were histologically diagnosed. The diagnostic yield was significantly lower than that of all specimens (P = 0.0044). Univariate analysis revealed that smaller lesions were a significant predictor of diagnostic failure (P = 0.020). CONCLUSION: Biopsy with multiple cores significantly improved diagnostic yield. Thus, operators should obtain multiple cores during renal tumor biopsy.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-023-01496-x

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Antibody Titers After a Third and Fourth SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Dose in Bizen City, Japan

Tomoka Kadowaki, Ayako Sasaki, Naomi Matsumoto, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

Journal of Epidemiology 33 ( 9 ) 484 - 486 2023年9月

A population-based longitudinal study on glycated hemoglobin levels and new-onset chronic kidney disease among non-diabetic Japanese adults. 国際誌

Yukari Okawa, Etsuji Suzuki, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Toshihide Tsuda, Takashi Yorifuji

Scientific reports 13 ( 1 ) 13770 - 13770 2023年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health problem. Recent studies reported that diabetes and prediabetes are risk factors for developing CKD; however, the exact glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) cut-off value for prediabetes remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between HbA1c levels and subsequent CKD development in greater detail than previous studies. Longitudinal data of annual checkups of 7176 Japanese non-diabetic people (male: 40.4%) from 1998 to 2022 was analyzed. HbA1c values were categorized into < 5.0%, 5.0-5.4%, 5.5-5.9%, and 6.0-6.4%. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. The descriptive statistics at study entry showed that higher HbA1c values were associated with male, older, overweight or obese, hypertensive, or dyslipidemic people. During a mean follow-up of 7.75 person-years, 2374 participants (male: 40.0%) developed CKD. The Weibull accelerated failure time model was selected because the proportional hazards assumption was violated. The adjusted time ratios of developing CKD for HbA1c levels of 5.5-5.9% and 6.0-6.4% compared with 5.0-5.4% were 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92-1.03) and 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.90-1.13), respectively. There was no association between HbA1c in the prediabetic range and subsequent CKD development.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-40300-8

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Obesity, overweight, and severe prognosis in COVID-19 patients in Japan

Tomoka Kadowaki, Naomi Matsumoto, Rumi Matsuo, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Ayako Sasaki, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 2023年8月

Effect of 2-week postpartum check-ups on screening positive for postpartum depression: a population-based cohort study using instrumental variable estimation in Japan

Naoko Nakamura, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Yasuko Nakashima, Naomi Matsumoto, Takashi Yorifuji

Family Practice 2023年7月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Oxford University Press (OUP)

Abstract

Background

Postpartum depression is experienced by approximately 10% of women and affects the health and development of their children. Although it is recommended that all mothers have the opportunity for early detection and intervention for postpartum depression, it is unclear whether early postpartum check-ups help to reduce postpartum depression.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 2-week postpartum check-ups on screening positive for postpartum depression in Japan.

Methods

This was a population-based cohort study that used the administrative database of Tsuyama, Japan. Participants were women who received postpartum home visits from a public health nurse in Tsuyama during the fiscal years 2017–2019. Data were obtained on participant’s attendance at a 2-week postpartum check-up and their responses on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Owing to the initiation of a publicly funded postpartum check-up programme, participants were pseudo-randomly assigned to receive/not receive a 2-week postpartum check-up. We conducted instrumental variable estimation to assess the causal effects of the check-up on screening positive for postpartum depression.

Results

The characteristics of the 1,382 participants did not differ by fiscal year of childbirth. We found a 6.7% (95% confidence interval 2.2–11.2) reduction in the prevalence of screening positive for postpartum depression as an effect of 2-week postpartum check-ups among women received 1-month postpartum home visits.

Conclusion

The results suggest that 2-week postpartum check-ups are effective in reducing the prevalence of screening positive for postpartum depression among 1-month postpartum women. Despite some limitations, early postpartum care could reduce postpartum depression.

DOI： 10.1093/fampra/cmad074

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Association between handwashing and gargling education for children and prevention of respiratory tract infections: a longitudinal Japanese children population-based study

Kensuke Uraguchi, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Naomi Matsumoto, Soshi Takao, Seiichiro Makihara, Mizuo Ando, Takashi Yorifuji

European Journal of Pediatrics 2023年7月

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use, Cancer Screening, and Medical Checkups in Japan from 2001 to 2013: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. 国際誌

Nobuyoshi Matsuki, Etsuji Suzuki, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, S V Subramanian, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

Journal of integrative and complementary medicine 2023年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Introduction: The association between complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and other health-related behaviors is an important issue. A previous study reported that complementary medicine use is related to greater use of cancer screening, whereas alternative medicine use is related to lower use of cancer screening. Given the sparse evidence from Japan, we aimed to examine the association of CAM use with cancer screening and medical checkups. We used a repeated cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Japanese people and conducted age-period-cohort analysis. Methods: The study population was 68,217 of 83,827 individuals observed from 2001 to 2013 who received cancer screening. CAM users were defined as individuals who received acupuncture, moxibustion, anma/massage/shiatsu, or judo therapy for their most worrisome symptom. The outcomes of interest were receiving stomach, lung, colorectal, uterine, and breast cancer screenings and medical checkups. Using crossclassified multilevel logistic regression models, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (CIs) for cancer screening and medical checkups. Results: For CAM users of complementary medicine, the adjusted ORs for stomach, lung, and colorectal cancer screening were 1.40 (95% CI: 1.35-1.44), 1.37 (95% CI: 1.34-1.40), and 1.52 (95% CI: 1.49-1.54), respectively. We found similar results for uterine and breast cancer screening, and medical checkups. Conclusions: Irrespective of whether they use CAM, CAM users in Japan tend to receive a variety of cancer screenings and medical checkups.

DOI： 10.1089/jicm.2023.0077

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Endoscopic evaluation by the Kyoto classification of gastritis combined with serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody testing reliably risk-stratifies subjects in a population-based gastric cancer screening program.

Ryosuke Hirai, Mami Hirai, Motoyuki Otsuka, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Yuichi Shimodate, Hirokazu Mouri, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Motowo Mizuno

Journal of gastroenterology 58 ( 9 ) 848 - 855 2023年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that the Kyoto classification of gastritis was useful for judging the status of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population-based screening program, and that adding H. pylori antibody test improved its accuracy (UMIN000028629). Here, we tested whether our endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection status reliably estimated gastric cancer risk in the program. METHODS: Data were collected from1345 subjects who underwent endoscopic follow-up 4 years after the end of the registration. We analyzed the association of three diagnostic methods of H. pylori infection with gastric cancer detection: (1) endoscopic diagnosis based on the Kyoto classification of gastritis; (2) serum diagnosis according to the ABC method (H. pylori antibody and pepsinogen I and II); and (3) endoscopic diagnosis together with H. pylori antibody test. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 19 cases of gastric cancer were detected. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, the detection rates of cancer were significantly higher in the past or current H. pylori infection groups than in the never-infected group with all 3 methods. By the Cox proportional hazards model, the hazard ratio for cancer detection was highest in evaluation with the combined endoscopic diagnosis and the antibody test (method 3; hazard ratio 22.6, 95% confidence interval 2.99-171) among the three methods (the endoscopic diagnosis (method 1); 11.3, 2.58-49.8, and the ABC method (method 2); 7.52, 2.49-22.7). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic evaluation of H. pylori status with the Kyoto classification of gastritis, especially combined with serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody testing, reliably risk-stratified subjects in a population-based gastric cancer screening program.

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-023-02010-w

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Correction: Characteristics of synchronous and metachronous duodenal tumors and association with colorectal cancer: a supplementary analysis.

Yasushi Yamasaki, Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Masao Yoshida, Ken Ohata, Yoshimasa Miura, Yuko Hara, Shigetsugu Tsuji, Osamu Dohi, Hiroya Ueyama, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Journal of gastroenterology 58 ( 5 ) 470 - 471 2023年5月

新型コロナウイルスワクチン接種歴と抗体価との関連

門脇知花, 佐々木綾子, 松本尚美, 三橋利晴, 高尾総司, 頼藤貴志

日本衛生学雑誌 78 ( Suppl. ) S194 - S194 2023年3月

Characteristics of synchronous and metachronous duodenal tumors and association with colorectal cancer: a supplementary analysis.

Journal of gastroenterology 58 ( 5 ) 459 - 469 2023年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: We previously reported outcomes of endoscopic resection for duodenal tumors in a large cohort. This study investigated the frequency and characteristics of synchronous and metachronous lesions, and their association with colorectal advanced adenoma (CAA) and colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Patients underwent duodenal endoscopic resection during January 2008 to December 2018. Background and characteristics, incidence of synchronous and metachronous lesions, and incidence of CAA and CRC were investigated. Patients without synchronous lesions were classified as the single group, and those with synchronous lesions as the synchronous group. Patients were also classified as the metachronous and non-metachronous groups. The characteristics among the groups were compared. RESULTS: We included 2658 patients with 2881 duodenal tumors: 2472 (93.0%) patients had single, 186 (7.0%) had synchronous, and 54 (2.0%) had metachronous lesions. The 5-year cumulative incidence of metachronous lesions was 4.1%. In total, 208 (7.8%) had CAA and 127 (4.8%) patients had CRC, and colonoscopy was performed in 936 (35.2%) patients. The incidence of CAA in the synchronous groups tended to be higher compared with that in the single groups (11.8% vs 7.5%, adjusted risk ratio 1.56), and the incidence of CRC in the metachronous groups tended to be higher compared with that in the non-metachronous groups (13.0% vs 4.6%, adjusted risk ratio 2.75), but there was no difference after adjusting for colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the incidence of synchronous and metachronous duodenal lesions. There was no significant difference in incidence of CAA and CRC among each group, but further studies are warranted.

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-023-01964-1

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Protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial on the effect of oestrogen replacement on physical performance to muscle resistance exercise for older women with osteoarthritis of knee joint: the EPOK trial

Tomohiro Mitoma, Jota Maki, Hikaru Ooba, Eriko Eto, Kasumi Takahashi, Tsunemasa Kondo, Tomohiro Ikeda, Yoko Sakamoto, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hisashi Masuyama

BMC Geriatrics 23 ( 1 ) 2023年2月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Abstract

Background

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is highly prevalent in older women, and previous studies suggest the involvement of hormonal factors play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. KOA causes musculoskeletal impairment, resulting in decreased physical activity, muscle mass, and strength, which leads to sarcopenia and further increases the burden on healthcare systems. Oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) improves joint pain and muscle performance in early menopausal women. Muscle resistance exercise (MRE) is a non-pharmacological method that preserves the physical functions of patients with KOA. However, data on short-term oestrogen administration combined with MRE in postmenopausal women, especially in those aged > 65 years, are limited. Therefore, this study presents a protocol of a trial aimed to examine the synergistic effect of ERT and MRE on lower-limb physical performance in older women with KOA.

Methods

We will conduct a double-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial in 80 Japanese women aged > 65 years living independently with knee pain. The participants will be randomly categorised into two groups: (1) 12-week MRE programme with transdermal oestrogen gel containing 0.54 mg oestradiol per push and (2) 12-week MRE programme with placebo gel. The primary outcome measured using the 30-s chair stand test, and secondary outcomes (body composition, lower-limb muscle strength, physical performance, self-reported measure of knee pain, and quality of life) will be measured at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months, and these outcomes will be analysed based on the intention-to-treat.

Discussion

The EPOK trial is the first study to focus on the efficacy of ERT on MRE among women aged > 65 years with KOA. This trial will provide an effective MRE to prevent KOA-induced lower-limb muscle weakness, confirming the benefit of short-term oestrogen administration.

Trial registration

Japan Registry of Clinical Trials: jRCTs061210062. Registered 17th December 2021, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs061210062.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-023-03828-y

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その他リンク： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-023-03828-y/fulltext.html

21世紀出生児縦断調査を用いた小児の手洗い・うがい教育の感染予防効果について

浦口健介, 三橋利晴, 松本尚美, 頼藤貴志

Journal of Epidemiology 33 ( Suppl.1 ) 110 - 110 2023年2月

A randomized controlled trial of teprenone in terms of preventing worsening of COVID-19 infection. 国際誌

Eiki Ichihara, Kou Hasegawa, Kenichiro Kudo, Yasushi Tanimoto, Kazuhiro Nouso, Naohiro Oda, Sho Mitsumune, Haruto Yamada, Ichiro Takata, Hideharu Hagiya, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Akihiko Taniguchi, Shinichi Toyooka, Kohei Tsukahara, Toshiyuki Aokage, Hirokazu Tsukahara, Katsuyuki Kiura, Yoshinobu Maeda

PloS one 18 ( 10 ) e0287501 2023年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: Some COVID-19 patients develop life-threatening disease accompanied by severe pneumonitis. Teprenone induces expression of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) that protect against interstitial pneumonia in preclinical models. We explored whether teprenone prevented worsening of COVID-19 infections. METHODS: This open-label, randomized, pilot phase 2 clinical trial was conducted at five institutions in Japan. We randomized patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with fever to teprenone or no-teprenone groups in a 1:1 ratio. We stratified patients by sex, age < and ≥ 70 years and the existence (or not) of complications (hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease and active cancer). No limitation was imposed on other COVID-19 treatments. The primary endpoint was the intubation rate. RESULTS: One hundred patients were included, 51 in the teprenone and 49 in the no- teprenone groups. The intubation rate did not differ significantly between the two groups: 9.8% (5/51) vs. 2.0% (1/49) (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 4.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-42.1; p = 0.140). The rates of intra-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission did not differ significantly between the two groups: intra-hospital mortality 3.9% (2/51) vs. 4.1% (2/49) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, 95%CI: 0.11-5.62; p = 0.809); ICU admission 11.8% (6/51) vs. 6.1% (3/49) (SHR 1.99, 95%CI: 0.51-7.80; p = 0.325). CONCLUSION: Teprenone afforded no clinical benefit. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs061200002 (registered on 20/May/2020).

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0287501

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Frailty and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Japan. 査読国際誌

Rumi Matsuo, Naomi Matsumoto, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 107 104906 - 104906 2022年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: In aging societies, there is an increasing focus on the concept of frailty. However, there is no consistent means to assess this concept. We assessed frailty using the Kihon Checklist (KCL), which is widely used in Japan, and examined the association between frailty and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Japan, the most aged society in the world. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study, and we analyzed 43,312 participants aged ≥ 65 years who were enrolled in basic health checkups in Okayama City, Japan. We defined the frailty status of the participants using the KCL. To assess the association of frailty status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, we used cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for individual potential confounders. Mean follow-up time was 9.3 years. RESULTS: The fully adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-1.41) for the prefrail group and 2.22 (95% CI: 2.11-2.33) for the frail group. A similar pattern was observed for cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cancer mortality. Younger people (65-74 years) and women tended to have higher effect estimates than older people (≥ 75 years) and men. CONCLUSION: Prefrailty and frailty can increase the risk of both all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Our study suggests that to support frail patients, it could be effective to focus on the prevention and management of cardiovascular and respiratory disease, and that the KCL may be useful as a method of screening for frailty.

DOI： 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104906

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Correction to: Correlation between renal ablation zone in contrast‑enhanced CT and non‑enhanced MRI during the early period following percutaneous cryoablation. 査読

Noriyuki Umakoshi, Toshihiro Iguchi, Takao Hiraki, Yusuke Matsui, Koji Tomita, Mayu Uka, Soichiro Kajita, Motoo Araki, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hideo Gobara, Susumu Kanazawa

Japanese journal of radiology 40 ( 12 ) 1316 - 1316 2022年12月

岡山市の新型コロナウイルス感染症の各流行期における症状及び重症度の比較に関する記述分析研究

松尾瑠美, 松本尚美, 門脇知花, 三橋利晴, 高尾総司, 頼藤貴志

岡山医学会雑誌 134 ( 3 ) 160 - 165 2022年12月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：岡山医学会

2020年2月1日から2022年3月31日までに岡山市保健所にCOVID-19の発生届があった患者31037名を対象とし、流行期別に第3波～第6波に分け、症状、重症度、死亡割合などについて分析した。結果、症状のうち発熱の割合は各流行期とも約55%前後であった。デルタ株が流行した第5波では、それまでの流行期に比べて発熱や全身倦怠感、関節・筋肉痛、頭痛などの症状が強く、下痢などの消化器症状が比較的多くみられた。オミクロン株が流行した第6波では咽頭痛が50%と多かった。嗅覚・味覚障害は第3波では約7%で、その後は1～3%と低下傾向にあった。各流行期における中等症II以上の割合を年齢層別にみると、第4波までは60～70代で30%以上、80代以上で40%以上と高かったが、その後は低下傾向にあった。60～70代の死亡割合は第3波が最も高く2.1%で、その後は低下傾向にあった。80代以上の死亡割合は、第3・4波に12%前後と高く、第5波に2.3%と低下し、第6波に4.2%とやや上昇していた。

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2022&ichushi_jid=J00175&link_issn=&doc_id=20221208190003&doc_link_id=10.4044%2Fjoma.134.160&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4044%2Fjoma.134.160&type=J-STAGE&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00007_2.gif

Do Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users Also Use Conventional Medicine? A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in Japan from 1995 to 2013 査読

Nobuyoshi Matsuki, Etsuji Suzuki, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Soshi Takao, Takashi Yorifuji

Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine 29 ( 2 ) 119 - 126 2022年11月

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