研究者詳細 - 森　也寸志

論文 - 森　也寸志

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Effects of cellulose nanofibers on soil water retention and aggregate stability 査読

An Thuy Ngo, Yasushi Mori, Long Thanh Bui

Environmental Technology and Innovation 35 2024年8月

担当区分：責任著者掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Innovative solutions that address global challenges such as water scarcity and soil erosion are critical for maintaining sustainable agriculture. Due to their water-absorbing and soil-binding properties, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) can be applied to soil to enhance soil water retention and aggregate stability. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the drying temperature, dosage, irrigation water quality, and soil type on the efficacy of CNFs. Our results revealed that CNF dried at 5°C is more effective at absorbing water than others, and adding 1% CNF enhanced soil water content up to 98%. The CNF samples absorbed water due to their hydrophilic molecular groups and morphological structure, as confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. CNF addition increased the soil volumetric water content and prolonged water retention by 22 days in the paddy soil samples, highlighting its potential for drought-prone areas. Furthermore, irrigation water quality, such as pH and cation values, influenced the interactions between CNF and water molecules, suggesting adjustments to the water retention curve. In its hydrated state, CNF promotes colloid flocculation and binds to soil particles, thereby strengthening the bonds crucial for aggregate formation and stability. CNF enhanced macro-aggregate formation by up to 48% and 59% in the masa and paddy soil samples, respectively. Our study emphasizes the potential of CNF for water conservation, soil health, and overall agricultural sustainability.

DOI： 10.1016/j.eti.2024.103650

Heat-Induced alterations in water repellency of tropical and temperate Soils: A laboratory experiment using Ultisols and Andosols 査読

H. T.M. Perera, D. A.L. Leelamanie, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda

Catena 243 2024年8月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Water repellency (WR) is commonly reported in soils covered with several plant species that are rich in waxes/resins, including Pinus caribaea (PIN) and Cryptomeria japonica (CED). Due to waxy and resinous litter, these forests are highly prone to wildfires. The heat produced during wildfires alters soil WR, and these alterations may vary between tropical and temperate soils and between soil separates (SS; soil particles ≤ 2 mm) and aggregates (AG; naturally available aggregates; d = 3–5 mm). This study aims to investigate the heat-induced changes in WR of SS and AG in tropical and temperate soils. The SS and AG obtained from four different depths (0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20 cm) in a PIN forest in Sri Lanka (tropical) (PINSS, PINAG) and a CED forest in Japan (temperate) (CEDSS, CEDAG) were heated to 7 heating temperatures (TH) (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 °C) with 2 exposure durations (DE) (1 h, 2 h). The WR were measured using the molarity of an ethanol droplet test and water drop penetration time test. The WR in PINSS and PINAG increased with increasing TH up to 100–150 °C and decreased to be non-repellent with further heating, while that of CEDSS and CEDAG progressively decreased to be non-repellent with heating. Both soil types were non-repellent at higher TH levels (≥250 °C), and 0–5 and 5–10 cm layers became non-repellent at 150–250 °C, while 10–15 and 15–20 cm layers became non-repellent at 50–150 °C. Compared to TH, DE did not significantly alter WR. The WR in two soils showed different responses to heat, especially at lower TH levels. In AG and SS, the degree of WR altered with heating similarly, while persistence (how long soil remains water-repellent) altered differently in both soil types. Research on organic matter composition and soil mineralogy may provide future insights into heat-induced alterations in WR of tested soils.

DOI： 10.1016/j.catena.2024.108230

Microbial community shifts indicate recovery of soil physical properties in a post-tin-mining area on Belitung Island, Indonesia 査読

Hirmas Fuady Putra, Long Thanh Bui, Yasushi Mori

Land Degradation and Development 35 ( 7 ) 2395 - 2408 2024年4月

担当区分：責任著者掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Mineral mining often results in changes to the soil environment, reducing the sustainability of the surrounding environment. Restoring the physical and chemical properties of soil in post-tin-mining areas on the tropical island of Belitung, Indonesia, has been a laborious process after more than 10 decades of land reclamation. We aimed to determine which parameter of the soil properties was responsible for the slow recovery process and if there were other properties that indicated more rapid changes. We measured the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils of different periods in the post-tin-mining areas. We sampled soil from three areas: 0, 1, and 6 years after mining and an adjacent natural forest as a reference site. The soil water content, hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, particle distribution, mineral content, and soil microbial composition were measured in the field and analyzed in the laboratory. The soil showed a fine particle loss and despite the absence of clay, water-holding capacity was significantly increased in the 6-year-old soil. Organic carbon increased by 0.2% after 6 years of reclamation. Copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in the soils fluctuated less. Minimal amounts of Pb and Cd were found. Soil bacterial communities shift with land age. Actinobacteria were dominant a few years after mining, while Proteobacteria colonized the mined area after 6 years. This study examined the more profound changes in the soil properties of tropical post-tin-mined land. Soil and bacterial characteristics can be used as markers to monitor the progress of land rehabilitation.

DOI： 10.1002/ldr.5068

Heat-induced alterations in moisture-dependent repellency of water-repellent forest soils: A laboratory approach with Japanese Andosols 査読

H. T.M. Perera, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda, D. A.L. Leelamanie

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 72 ( 1 ) 25 - 33 2024年3月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Soil water repellency (SWR) is a phenomenon that prevents the spontaneous wetting of numerous forest soils. It is a moisture-dependent characteristic, which disappears when soil moisture reaches near saturation. The heat generated during forest fires affects soil characteristics including SWR. The possibility of heat influencing moisture-dependent repellency (MDR) is not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different heating temperatures (HT) and exposure durations (ED) on MDR using water-repellent Japanese Cedar (CED) and Japanese Cypress (CYP) forest soils. Soil samples collected from 0–5 cm depth were exposed to heat separately at 50, 100, and 150 °C (HT) for 1 h and 2 h durations (ED). The MDR of heated and non-heated soils was determined using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test in a drying process. During the drying process of the tested soils, SWR appeared and then increased with drying to reach an extreme level (WDPT ≥3600 s) that persisted for a range of decreasing moisture contents, and declined to be non-repellent again (WDPT = 0 s). The critical moisture content at which soils become water-repellent with drying (CMC), the highest and the lowest moisture contents when soils showed maximum SWR (HMCmax and LMCmax, respectively), and the integrated area below the MDR curve (SWR) decreased with increasing HT in both CED and CYP soils. The moisture content at which soils become non-repellent again during drying, MCNR, was independent of the type of soil and heat treatment. The range of moisture contents between HMCmax and LMCmax, where soils show maximum SWR during drying, decreased with increasing HT, from 50 to 150 °C in CED and from 100–150 °C in CYP. The SWR showed strong positive linear correlations with CMC and HMCmax. The heat generated during wildfires can alter the MDR and all the related repellency parameters of water-repellent forest soils. SWR prevails over a narrower range of moisture contents in heated soil compared with non-heated soils. Further investigations with higher temperature levels using different soil types would be important for a comprehensive understanding of the heat impacts on MDR.

DOI： 10.2478/johh-2023-0035

Linear Macropore Installation to Reduce Red-Soil Erosion in Sugarcane Fields 査読

Eisei Morioka, Thanh Long Bui, Yasushi Mori, Kazutoshi Osawa, Akira Hoshikawa

Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 23 ( 3 ) 4572 - 4582 2023年9月

担当区分：責任著者掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

This study determines the cause of soil erosion in red soils in sugarcane fields, especially even with the use of subsoiling fissures, and to compare the effectiveness of a novel artificial linear-macropore with the insertion of fibrous material into the fractures. Four column treatments (tillage, subsoiling, linear-macropore with plant residue fillings, and no-tillage-with-mulching) were established. A subsoiler was used to break up hard soil layers to enhance infiltration, whereas mulching reduced the impact of raindrops on the soil. Sugarcane residue was inserted in the empty fissure to reinforce the structure, making linear macropore. Simulated rainfall with 20 mmh−1 was applied to the soil surface for 6 h per day for two days. Surface runoff, soil erosion, and drainage were measured during each run. Erosion was minimal (1/7 reduction), and bottom drainage was observed in the linear-macropore and no-tillage-with-mulching plots. Conversely, due to the formation of an impermeable layer or surface crust, high erosion (0.282 t-C ha−1 yr−1) and decreased drainage levels were detected in the subsoiling and tillage plots. Moreover, the aboveground protrusion of fibrous material at the linear-macropore maintained infiltration, even following crust formation. Field application of these four management strategies revealed the effectiveness of linear-macropore and mulching in reducing surface flow. Linear-macropore application maintains appropriate levels of infiltration, and insertion of plant residue fillings reinforces the macropore structure while also avoiding clogging. Hence, the linear-macropore scheme may represent an effective strategy for reducing surface runoff and red soil erosion.

DOI： 10.1007/s42729-023-01373-6

Alterations in aggregate characteristics of thermally heated water-repellent soil aggregates under laboratory conditions 査読

H. T.M. Perera, D. A.L. Leelamanie, Morihiro Maeda, Yasushi Mori

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 71 ( 2 ) 177 - 187 2023年6月

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The heat generated during wildfires modifies soil characteristics, including soil water repellency (SWR) and the water stability of aggregates, which are known to be interrelated. SWR lowers the rate of water entry into aggregates, minimizing aggregate disruption and subsequent erosion. This study aimed to examine these aggregate characteristics (SWR, water stability of aggregates) of thermally heated water-repellent soil aggregates under laboratory conditions. Water-repellent aggregates were collected from Eucalyptus grandis forest soil separately from four soil depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-20 cm) with varying initial repellency levels. Using an automated programmable muffle furnace, aggregates were separately exposed to three heating temperatures, TH (150, 200, 250 °C), three rates of heating (speed of rising temperature to reach relevant TH), RH (200, 400, 800 °C h-1), and three durations of exposure to relevant TH, ED (30, 60, 120 min). The molarity of an ethanol droplet test was used to measure the contact angle (contact angle>90°). The water drop penetration time (WDPT) was also measured. The SWR of aggregates declined with the increasing TH and ED. All aggregates were wettable once exposed to 250 °C. At the lowest TH and ED (150 °C, 30 min), the contact angle was <90° only in the least repellent aggregates collected from 10-15 and 15-20 cm depths. Although RH indicated the least influence on the measured parameters, the slowest RH (200 °C h-1) caused a comparatively greater decline in SWR. Water stability of aggregates increased with heating irrespective of decreasing SWR. Further investigations on heat-induced changes in organic compounds at molecular levels would be necessary to understand the theories for the behavior of aggregates.

DOI： 10.2478/johh-2023-0009

Artificial macropores and water management effects on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from rice paddy fields 査読

Thanh Long Bui, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda, Hiroaki Somura

Environmental Challenges 9 2022年12月

担当区分：責任著者掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Rice production is an important sector of global agriculture, sustaining more than half of the world's population. However, rice production contributes significantly to global warming through increased emission of greenhouse gasses (GHGs), primarily CH4, into the atmosphere. Therefore, this study examined countermeasures to reduce GHG emissions from paddy fields without affecting rice production. A column experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soil macroporous structure and water management on GHG emissions from flooded alluvial clay soil (paddy soil). The soils were subjected to different management regimes: with and without artificial macropores, compost, and drainage treatment. Drainage was maintained at 6.5 mm d −1 to ensure infiltration yet prevent excessive leakage from the paddy field. The measured parameters included GHG emissions, soil water content, redox potential, soil temperature, soil swelling, total carbon, total nitrogen, iron, and manganese. The results showed that the soil column with macropores and drainage had significantly lower CO2 and CH4 emissions than that without macropores and drainage. In addition, the soil level increment, and thus, the amount of gas (CH4) produced in the soil column with drainage were lower than that without drainage. The combination of drainage treatment and macropores might have effectively acted as a hydrodynamic gradient and a structure that promotes freshwater intrusion into deeper soil profiles, inhibiting absolute anaerobic methanogenic activity. The redox potential of the column with drainage and macropores was the highest. Moreover, CO2 and CH4 emissions were reduced at a relatively small drainage rate of 6.5 mm d −1 by adding macropores to the soil. The findings confirmed that GHG emissions were effectively reduced by a porous soil structure at a low drainage rate. Macropore application also exhibited effectiveness at mitigating nutrient loss (TOC and TN) through the drainage. Therefore, low tillage before flooding would be preferable to conserve the macroporous structure. However, the results also highlight an adverse effect on mineral leaching (particularly Mn) through the column with macropores.

DOI： 10.1016/j.envc.2022.100657

不耕起栽培と人工マクロポア導入が石垣島サトウキビ畑における土壌保水と有機物蓄積へ与える効果査読

岡香菜子, Thanh Long BUI, 森也寸志, 大澤和敏, 干川明

土壌の物理性 150 93 - 103 2022年4月

Macropore structure and water management affect greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural fields. Paddy and Water Environment.

Bui, T. L., Mori, Y., Yamamoto, Y., & Maeda, M

Paddy and Water Environment 2021年7月

Macropore structure and water management affect greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural fields. 査読

Bui, T. L, Mori, Y, Yamamoto, Y, Maeda, M

Paddy and Water Environment. 19 661 - 672 2021年7月

Pinhole multistep centrifuge outflow method for estimating unsaturated hydraulic properties with small volume soil samples.

Bui, L. T., & Mori, Y.

Water 2021 2021年4月

Pinhole multistep centrifuge outflow method for estimating unsaturated hydraulic properties with small volume soil samples. 査読

Bui, T. L, Mori, Y

Water (Switzerland) 13 ( 9 ) 1169 2021年4月

Organic Matter Clogging Results in Undeveloped Hardpan and Soil Mineral Leakage in the Rice Terraces in the Philippine Cordilleras 査読

Tomoyo Kurozumi, Yasushi Mori, Hiroaki Somura, Milagros O-How

Water (Switzerland) 12 ( 11 ) 3158 - 3158 2020年11月

担当区分：責任著者掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：MDPI AG

Rice terraces in Cordillera, Philippines, a world cultural heritage site, are threatened by the risk of collapse. It is crucial to manage these rice terraces for their conservation, while simultaneously practicing traditional farming. We examined the soil environment and investigated its effects on rice terrace conservation, by focusing on the hardpan condition; infiltration process, which is related to the collapse of rice terraces; and soil nutrition conditions in these sites. Field survey and soil analysis revealed that in areas where the hardpan was not sufficiently developed and water infiltration was effectively suppressed, organic matter content was significantly high, suggesting organic matter clogging. In these rice terraces, the amounts of P, K, Ca, and Mn were significantly low, showing the mineral leaching under reductive soil conditions. Therefore, hardpan formation, rather than organic matter clogging, is essential for the suppression of infiltration and prevention of potential terrace collapse. Because hardpan formation or organic matter clogging cannot be identified from the surface of flooded rice paddies, it is difficult to identify the influencing factor. Thus, we suggest that the hard soil layer should be checked before the planting season and drainage is allowed after the cropping season in the rainy season.

DOI： 10.3390/w12113158

EVALUATION OF DRAINAGE PROCESS IN VINEYARD TO OBTAIN BETTER QUALITY OF WINE GRAPE

Yasushi Mori, Toshiko Miura, Thanh Long Bui

Application of Advanced Technologies in Agriculture 2020年10月

Evaluation of Drainage Process in Vineyard to Obtain Better Quality of Wine Grape 査読

Yasushi Mori, Toshiko Miura, Bui Thanh Long

Application of Advanced Technologies in Agriculture 6 2020年10月

大阪府における醸造用ブドウ園土壌の理化学性と果実品質との関係

三浦季子,佐野修司,三輪由佳,谷本秀夫,森也寸志

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 2020年

大阪府における醸造用ブドウ園土壌の理化学性と果実品質との関係査読

三浦季子, 佐野修司, 三輪由佳, 谷本秀夫, 森也寸志

日本土壌肥料学会誌 91 ( 6 ) 445 - 450 2020年

When do rice terraces become rice terraces? 査読

Yasushi Mori, Masaya Sasaki, Eisei Morioka, Kumiko Tsujimoto

Paddy and Water Environment 17 323 - 330 2019年7月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

© 2019, The International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering. Rice terraces located on sloped hills in mountainous areas are sometimes abandoned because of lack of labor and difficulties associated with cultivation. Recently, rice terraces also have been re-evaluated from the perspectives of water conservation or flood control. As a consequence, restoration has been conducted in many locations. In this study, we conducted field research on rice terraces in Okayama in order to determine when rice terraces become stable as rice terraces. Soil samples were obtained from depths of 0, 10, and 30 cm in abandoned fields and rice terraces restored in 2015, 2016, and 2017. The results showed that total carbon was the highest in abandoned fields and gradually decreased in the 2017-restored fields, followed by that in the 2016-restored fields. Particle analysis, particularly of surface soil, showed that the sand fraction decreased in order of abandoned fields, 2017-restored fields, and 2016-restored fields. We established that recently restored rice terraces have similar properties to those located on mountain hills, including few fine particles and high organic matter content in the surface soils. If the surface soil was cultivated and mixed with deeper soils, then the clay and silt content would gradually increase with time. Cone penetrometer analysis revealed that there was no clear evidence of a hard pan in the abandoned field and the 2017-restored field. In contrast, a hard pan had begun to develop in the 2016-restored fields and that it had become well established in the 2015-restored fields. Collectively, our findings indicate that although all rice terraces have a superficially similar appearance, recently recovered fields tend to have properties comparable to the properties of those located on mountain hills. These properties gradually change in the 2–3 years following restoration with the subsequent development of a well-established hard pan. We conclude that even rice terraces that have been abandoned for more than 30 years can develop clear properties of rice terraces within 3 years after restoration.

DOI： 10.1007/s10333-019-00727-0

Impacts of Hydrological Changes on Nutrient Transport From Diffuse Sources in a Rural River Basin, Western Japan 査読

Jun'ichiro Ide, Ikuo Takeda, Hiroaki Somura, Yasushi Mori, Yuji Sakuno, Yasumichi Yone, Erina Takahashi

Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 124 ( 8 ) 2565 - 2581 2019年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Increased frequency of heavy rainfall caused by climate change may affect nutrient transport from forests and agricultural lands into downstream rivers. However, little information is available on how the effects of land cover on nutrient concentrations in the downstream rivers change depending on hydrological conditions. To elucidate this, we investigated the effects of changes in precipitation and river discharge on the relationship between river nutrient concentrations (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate, and phosphate) and land cover in eight subbasins of the Hii River basin, western Japan. We hypothesized that coniferous forests and agricultural lands including poorly managed ones, which require thinning and fertilizer management, respectively, contribute to increases in nutrient concentrations in downstream rivers during storms. Linear mixed-effects model analyses based on 18-year observation data were used for testing the hypothesis. Results revealed that the slopes of the multiple regression analysis between nutrient concentrations and coniferous and broad-leaved forest area ratios were negative and decreased with increasing daily precipitation. This suggests that forests contributed to the dilution of river nutrient concentrations during storms regardless of whether they were coniferous or broad leaved. In contrast, the slope of regression between nutrient concentrations and agricultural area ratio revealed the opposite trend, indicating that even a small percentage of agricultural area makes a large contribution to increases in nutrient concentrations as precipitation increases. Our results imply that storm runoff in response to rainfall results in an elevated supply of nitrogen and phosphorus attached to arable soils to the river.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JG004513

岡山県倉敷市におけるナゴヤダルマガエルの越冬環境査読

多田正和, 伊藤邦夫, 齋藤稔, 森也寸志, 福桝純平, 中田和義

農業農村工学会論文集 87 ( 2 ) I_179 - I_187 2019年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：公益社団法人農業農村工学会

<p>ナゴヤダルマガエルの越冬場所に影響を及ぼす環境要因の解明を目的として, 岡山県倉敷市内で本種が高密度に生息する地区の慣行水田と休耕田の各1筆で野外調査を実施した．その結果, 越冬個体の大半（35個体中34個体）が休耕田で確認された．越冬個体の在／不在（1／0）を目的変数, 各コドラートのカバー率・草高・土壌pH・体積含水率・間隙率・土壌硬度を説明変数として一般化線形モデル（GLM）により解析した結果, 土壌硬度・カバー率・草高の二乗項が最良モデルで選択され, 土壌硬度には有意な負の効果が認められた．水田で本種の越冬場所を創出する上では, 土壌硬度と田面の植物の存在が重要になると考えられた．</p>

土壌水分特性の考慮による統合水循環モデルとマイクロ波衛星土壌水分量観測手法の同時改良査読

辻本久美子, 太田哲, 森也寸志

水工学論文集 Annual journal of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE 62 ( 4 ) Ⅰ_979 - 984 2018年

人工マクロポアによる雨水の下方浸透促進 : 土壌環境と植生回復の試み

森也寸志

アグリバイオ = Agricultural biotechnology 1 ( 5 ) 599 - 601 2017年5月

福島県飯舘村における水田土壌の物理性査読

勝田洋平, 木村叡人, 市田知子, 森也寸志, 登尾浩助

土壌の物理性 = Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics ( 133 ) 29 - 36 2016年7月

中山間地域河川の硝酸イオン濃度の流下方向における空間変動について

井手淳一郎, 宗村広昭, 中村高志, 森也寸志, 武田育郎, 西田継

日本森林学会大会発表データベース 127 624 - 624 2016年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：日本森林学会

本研究では，森林が土地利用の多くを占める，地形の急峻な中山間地域河川において硝酸イオン（NO₃^–）濃度の空間変動について検討することを目的とした。このため，島根県東部の斐伊川本流の７地点において月１回の河川採水を1年継続し，NO₃^–の濃度と窒素・酸素安定同位体比（δ¹⁵N_NO3・δ¹⁸O_NO3）を分析し，それらの空間変動を解析した。観測期間におけるNO₃^–濃度の平均値には採水地点間での有意差はなく（p ≥ 0.05），濃度の範囲は1.6－2.1 mg l^–1であり，流下方向における濃度の変動は小さかった。一方，季節ごとにみると，春季と秋季にNO₃^–濃度の流下方向における有意な減少がみられ（p < 0.05），また，秋季においてはδ¹⁵N_NO3とδ¹⁸O_NO3に流下方向における上昇傾向がみられた。δ¹⁵N_NO3とNO₃^–濃度との関係から，河川流量と先行降雨量の少なかった秋季において脱窒の効率が高い傾向にあった。本研究の結果から，中山間地域河川においてはNO₃^–濃度の空間変動は小さいものの，季節ごとにみると，脱窒や希釈作用によるNO₃^–濃度の流下方向における減少が生じることが示唆された。

DOI： 10.11519/jfsc.127.0_624

Hydrological effects on relationships between δ<sup>15</sup>N of river nitrate and land use in a rural river basin, Western Japan 査読

J. Ide, H. Somura, T. Nakamura, Y. Mori, I. Takeda, K. Nishida

River Research and Applications 31 ( 5 ) 639 - 649 2015年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

© 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This study aimed to examine how the relationship between δ<sup>15</sup>N of nitrate (δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf>) in rivers and land use within a river basin changes with varying hydrological conditions. This information would aid in identifying the dominant source contributing to increased nitrate concentrations in rural rivers. For this, δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> in river water was investigated monthly in the five subbasins of the Hii River basin (area: 911km<sup>2</sup>), western Japan, for 1year and 3months. There were significant correlations (p<0.05) between δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> and the land-use ratio (i.e. ratios of forested, agricultural and residential areas in a subbasin) for the majority of the observation days, indicating that δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> reflected land use within the basin. δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> ranged from +1.4‰ to +8.5‰ and was lower in a subbasin with a higher forested area ratio. We found that the absolute value of the regression slope of the relationship between δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> and the land-use ratio decreased with increasing river discharge. This finding demonstrates that differences in δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> among subbasins with different land-use compositions became smaller under higher flow conditions. Because δ<sup>15</sup>N<inf>NO3</inf> decreased with increasing river discharge, the small absolute value of the regression slope under high flow conditions indicates that forested areas could be the dominant source of river nitrate during high flows in all subbasins investigated regardless of land-use composition. The results suggest that forested areas make a large contribution to the increase in nitrate concentration in downstream rivers during high flows, because the nitrate concentration increased with increasing river discharge.

DOI： 10.1002/rra.2756

テキサス水環境プロジェクトから「地域資源循環型社会」へ (小特集国際的な研究協力とその波及効果)

森也寸志, 宗村広昭, ウォルフジューン

水土の知 : 農業農村工学会誌 83 ( 1 ) 7 - 10 2015年1月

Estimation of nutrient input by a migratory bird, the Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus), to winter-flooded paddy fields 査読

Somura, H., T. Masunaga, Y. Mori, I. Takeda, J. Ide, H. Sato

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 199 ( 1 ) 1 - 9 2015年1月

Installing artificial macropores in degraded soils to enhance vertical infiltration and increase soil carbon content. 査読

Mori, Y., Fujihara, A. and Yamagishi, K. :

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science 1 ( 1 ) 30 - 41 2014年12月

Controlling solute transport processes in soils by using dual-porosity characteristics of natural soils. 査読

Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 347 ( 1 ) 121 - 127 2014年1月

土壌団粒構造と土壌プロセス(2013年名古屋大会シンポジウムの概要)

和穎朗太, 早津雅仁, 青山正和, 森也寸志, 波多野隆介, 井藤和人, 浅野真希

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 85 ( 3 ) 285 - 290 2014年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：日本土壌肥料學會

土壌の物理構造が，水やガスの移動，土壌粒子表面で起こる化学反応や微生物群集の駆動する生化学反応など多くの土壌プロセスを強く規定することは昔からよく知られている。しかし，近年の土壌学を振り返れば，土壌構造に関しては土壌物理学が研究対象としており，化学・生化学的プロセスは土壌化学・生化学が，そして土壌微生物の生態については微生物学が研究を進めるというように，分野(部門)ごとに分かれて研究が進んできた面が強い。この細分化により研究が深化した面はあるものの，分野間に生じる壁の弊害は大きい。このシンポジウムでは，土壌構造の中でもミリメートルからミクロメートル以下で起こる団粒構造に注目した。これは，土壌学における重要な問題や未解明現象の多くが，団粒構造と密接に関係しているという認識に基づいている。具体的には，有機物管理による農業の持続性，土壌物理構造による温室効果ガスおよび土壌有機物動態の制御，土壌構造内における多様な微生物の棲み分け，根圏プロセス等が挙げられる。

DOI： 10.20710/dojo.85.3_285

その他リンク： http://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010872653

Effective Vertical Solute Transport in Soils by an Artificial Macropore System 査読

Mori, Y. and Y. Hirai

Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 18 ( 2 ) 1 - 11 2014年

針葉樹人工林が河川水質に及ぼす影響の評価に関する研究

井手淳一郎, 智和正明, 宗村広昭, 森也寸志, 武田育郎, 作野裕司, 大槻恭一

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 27 100137 - 100137 2014年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

本研究では，非管理の針葉樹人工林の河川水質に対する役割の評価を目的として，出水時の河川水のN,P濃度の変化を考慮した（1）森林源流域におけるN,P収支と（2）河川流域における針葉樹人工林の土地利用が河川水のN,P濃度に及ぼす影響について調べた。本会ではその結果について発表する。

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.27.0_100137

多周波数電磁探査法による森林の管理が土壌環境に与える影響評価 (JpGU特集) 査読

宮本珠未, 川原まどか, 森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 井手淳一郎, 高橋絵里奈, 米康充, 末継淳

土壌の物理性 = Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics 124 ( 124 ) 17 - 24 2013年7月

担当区分：責任著者記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：土壌物理学会

農林地は流域面積の中で大きな割合を占め，広大な土壌環境を効果的に調査できればその効果は非常に大きい。本研究では，多周波数電磁探査機を用いて土壌の電気伝導度を測定し，森林の管理が土壌環境に与える影響を調べた。電磁探査の結果を鉛直プロファイルで表示すると，土壌環境の違いは表層近くに特徴的に現れており，間伐が遅れている森林では表層土壌の電気伝導度が高くなる結果が得られた。同サイトでは土壌の透水性が低い傾向があり，有機物も浅部のみに見られることから，浸透性の悪さが表層への物質の集中を促していると推測された。また農地としての履歴のある森林では，表層土壌の電気伝導度が高くなる傾向があり，過去の利用履歴が土壌環境に影響していた。多周波数電磁探査法は非接触で短時間に広範囲の土壌調査が可能であり，詳細調査の前のスクリーニングに役立つと考えられた。

その他リンク： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010853115

1-1-15 土壌炭素放出のプライミング効果におけるマクロポアの役割(1-1 物質循環・動態,2013年度名古屋大会) 査読

末継淳, 森也寸志

日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集 59 ( 0 ) 5 - 5 2013年

1-1-16 人工マクロポアを利用した下方浸透の促進と有機物貯留による劣化土壌の修復(1-1 物質循環・動態,2013年度名古屋大会) 査読

森也寸志, 末継淳, 山本哲也

日本土壌肥料学会講演要旨集 59 ( 0 ) 6 - 6 2013年

Determining storm sampling requirements for improving precision of annual load estimates of nutrients from a small forested watershed. 査読

Ide J, Chiwa M, Higashi N, Maruno R, Mori Y, Otsuki K

Environmental monitoring and assessment 184 ( 8 ) 4747 - 4762 2012年8月

Impact of suspended sediment and nutrient loading from land uses against water quality in the Hii River basin, Japan

Journal of Hydrology 450 25 - 35 2012年7月

島根大学の事例に見る地域再生人材養成事業の成果と評価査読

野中資博, 森也寸志, 佐藤邦明, 板垣正明

地域活性研究 3 175 - 183 2012年3月

島根県隠岐の島町のスギ人工林における間伐の現状

高橋絵里奈, 米康充, 森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 井手淳一郎, 佐藤利夫, 竹内典之

森林応用研究 21 ( 2 ) 9 - 16 2012年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：応用森林学会

適切な水源林の管理指針を得る基礎研究のために,島根県隠岐の島町においてスギ人工林の現状調査を行った。最近10年以上間伐が行われていなかった林分(近年未間伐林分)9林分は,収量比数が0.8を超えており過密であった。また,近年間伐が行われていた林分(近年間伐林分)5林分のうち2林分は,収量比数が0.7以下であり,山陰地方のスギ林分収穫表に記載されている林分密度にほぼ合致していたが,その他の2林分では収量比数が0.7を超えておりやや過密であり,収量比数が0.9を超える間伐後過密林分も1林分存在した。間伐後過密林分が存在した原因は,明確な生産目標が無く,補助金の規定を満たすことを目的とした伐採が行われていたこと,間伐前が超過密だったために,伐採後も依然として過密であったこと,が明らかとなった。間伐の定義は,生産目標を満たすための間引きの伐採であることを鑑みると,生産目標が明確ではない間伐は単なる伐採に過ぎない。現在の補助金の規定は,間伐前の林分の疎密にかかわらず本数間伐率を規定するために,間伐後過密林分ができてしまったと推察される。以上の結果から,補助金の規定や運用の見直しが必要であろう。

テイラーメイドの修復技術を土壌に -土壌中の浸透現象を制御する- 招待

森也寸志

化学工学 75 ( 12 ) 792 - 794 2011年12月

強雨が森林流域における土壌浸透水の水質へ及ぼす影響

森澤太平, 森也寸志, 井手淳一郎, 宗村広昭, 武田育郎, 井上光弘

日本雨水資源化システム学会誌 16 ( 2 ) 47 - 53 2011年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：日本雨水資源化システム学会

Soil infiltration process greatly contributes to the hydrological process in watershed, thus, soil infiltration water and runoff water were collected to characterize pollutant load from two planted forests. Especially, this study focused on the heavy rain which is reported to be increasing because of climate change. Glass fiber wick samplers were used to collect soil infiltration water samples, while runoff water was collected at the weir. Results showed that the wick sampler successfully collected the soil infiltration water without accumulating excess water above the device. The amounts of pollutant loads in soil infiltration water (total organic carbon; TOC, total nitrogen; TN) were positively correlated with pollutant loads in runoff water, which directly showed the contribution of soil water to runoff water. During the research period, environmental pollution load density in soil infiltration water was negatively correlated with sampled soil water volume. This could be a dilution effect caused by rainfall infiltration. However, after the heavy rainfall, soil infiltration water quality showed higher concentration than other rainfall events. The trend was clear in the long lasting strong rainfall, especially for well conductive forest slope. Because of the high permeable properties, pollutant loads from the soil surface easily reached to the depth of glass fiber wick (50cm depth), without filtering process through the soil body.

DOI： 10.7132/jrcsa.KJ00007225460

ヒノキ人工林を主体とする御手洗水試験流域における土壌の潜在的な撥水性について査読

井手淳一郎, 森也寸志, 大槻恭一

九州大学農学部演習林報告 92 ( 92 ) 8 - 12 2011年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：[九州大學農學部附属演習林]

ヒノキ人工林が優先する御手洗水試験流域において土壌の潜在的な撥水性の空間変動性を把握するため，流域内の東向き斜面の上部，中部，下部，谷部において土壌試料を採取し，エタノール溶液滴下試験を行った。その結果，斜面の上部，中部，下部の表層土壌(深度: 0-2cm、2-5cm)において撥水性が観測された。それらの撥水性強度は「none」から「very strong」までの範囲に及んだ。一方，谷部では撥水性は観測されなかった。撥水性試験に供した土壌試料を観察した結果，撥水性強度の高い土壌試料ほど小鱗片状のヒノキの落葉が多く混入している様子がみられた。このことから，ヒノキ林では，土壌中のヒノキの落葉の含有量が撥水性の発現を規定する主な要因であることが予想された。

DOI： 10.15017/19559

Recovery of phosphorus from natural water bodies using iron-oxidizing bacteria and woody biomass 査読

Takeda Ikuo, Somura Hiroaki, Mori Yasushi

Ecological Engineering 36 ( 8 ) 1064 - 1069 2010年8月

多周波数電磁探査による土壌環境の特徴抽出と潜在的汚濁負荷の推測

森也寸志,井出淳一郎,宗村広昭,森澤太平

2010土壌水分ワークショップ論文集 25 - 29 2010年4月

栄養塩浸透域制御によるバイオレメディエーションの効率化

藤原篤志, 森也寸志, 松本祐子

土木学会論文集G 66 ( 4 ) 187 - 193 2010年

降雨強度と雨水の水質が土壌浸透流出水の水質へ及ぼす影響

森澤太平, 森也寸志, 井手淳一郎, 宗村広昭, 武田育郎, 井上光弘

土壌の物理性 ( 114 ) 3 - 10 2010年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：土壌物理学会

流域調査において、豪雨後に土壌浸透水の溶質濃度が高くなる現象が捉えられたが、その要因については精査できなかった。本研究では降雨条件に着目し、土壌充填カラムに人工雨水と人工酸性雨水を2、4、20、80mm／hrの降雨強度でそれぞれ320mmずつ降らせ、下方から流出した土壌浸透水（流出水）中のDOC、TN、NO3（－）、Cl（－）、SO4（2－）、Na（＋）、K（＋）、NH4（＋）、Mg（2＋）、Ca（2＋）濃度を分析した。その結果、80mm／hrの降雨強度では溶質濃度が高くなり、溶質の流出量が大きくなった。この濃度は雨水より高く、物理プロセスであるリーチングが優勢であると考えられた。人工酸性雨水では80mm／hrの降雨強度で溶質の流出が大きくなり、降雨強度に酸性物質が加わることでさらなる流出が観察された。

その他リンク： http://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010792004

多周波数電磁探査法による人工林の土壌環境の特徴抽出

森也寸志, 井手淳一郎, 宗村広昭, 森澤太平

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 23 132 - 132 2010年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

面源負荷の発生機構に迫るため，多周波数電磁探査法を使って電気伝導度分布を計測し，土壌環境の特徴抽出から森林・畑地・水田といった土地利用の違い，さらに伝導度の鉛直プロファイルと河川の汚濁負荷量との関係を明らかにし，汚濁負荷量の推定を試みた．47970，24510，7950，3870，2310Hzを使用して電磁探査を行うと，いくつかの圃場で地表近くに伝導度の高い部位が観察された．電磁探査は施肥の影響を検出したと考えられ，土地利用の違いが地表面付近の伝導度分布に明確に現れることが分かった．また，水質項目の電気伝導度と電磁探査の結果には，47970と24510Hzについて有意な線形相関があった．決定係数は0.882,0.858となり，水質の電気伝導度の大部分が地表付近のデータから説明できることが分かった．

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.23.0.132.0

人口減少の河川流域における水質上昇トレンドの要因と対策に関する考察

武田育郎, 宗村広昭, 森也寸志

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 23 93 - 93 2010年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

人口減少の河川流域において週１回の頻度の水質調査を15年行った。流域では人間活動に由来する汚濁負荷が減少していたが,水質には明確な低下傾向は見られず，窒素やリンでは，降水に明確な変化がないにもかかわらず，上昇傾向が見られた。こうした現象を説明する仮説として，森林や農地から流出する汚濁負荷の増加が考えられ，具体的には針葉樹人工林の間伐遅れ現象や農地土壌のリンの蓄積が考えられた。また，対策の一つとして，鉄バクテリアと木質バイオマスを用いた自然水域からのリンの回収に関する新しい方法が提案された。

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.23.0.93.0

Sensitivity analyses of hydrologic and suspended sediment discharge in the abashiri river basin, hokkaido region, Japan

H. Somura, I. Takeda, Y. Mori

International Agricultural Engineering Journal 18 ( 1-2 ) 27 - 39 2009年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to the Abashiri River basin from 2001 to 2007 using a daily time step. After confirming the reproducibility of the model, hydrological sensitivity analyses against monthly river discharge, evapotranspiration (ET), snow water equivalent (SWE), and suspended sediment (SS) load were conducted under various climate change scenarios. The results of calibration and validation indicated that the model provided satisfactory representation of the flow and SS load discharge. In addition, the hydrological sensitivity analyses revealed that the influence of climate change in the basin will be stronger during winter than summer, especially from January to March. Variation analyses revealed that discharge increased drastically under every scenario from January to March, with the exception of a combination of a 20% decrease in precipitation and a 1°C increase in temperature in January. Furthermore, the ET increased greatly in March due to a multiplier effect of natural conditions and temperature increase scenarios. Moreover, although the SWE decreased in almost all cases, it increased in some cases in December, January, and February. Increasing snow melt in response to an early thawing season and/or precipitation during winter resulted in an increase in SS load discharge, especially during February. On an annual basis, the mean SS load decreased in every scenario except for those in which precipitation increased. © 2009 AAAE.

Controlling solute transport processes in soils by using dual-porosity characteristics of natural soils

Yasushi Mori, Naoko Higashi

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 347 ( 1-3 ) 121 - 127 2009年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Soils are notorious for their heterogeneity, and macropores conduct solutions by bypassing the surrounding soils, sometimes wasting the applied fertilizer or remediation chemicals. It would be beneficial in agriculture or environmental engineering fields if solute transport in soils were controlled with relatively simple techniques. In this study, the solute transport process was controlled using dual-characteristics of the soil pore system. Specifically convection and dispersion were controlled by changing the structure-dependent flow regime. Soil samples with/without artificial small macropores (diameter = 1 mm) and undisturbed soil samples were prepared, and solute transport experiments were conducted, in which a variety of breakthrough curves (BTC) was obtained by changing flow rate (from 1 to 0.1 of saturated conductivity) and saturation (saturation to -3 kPa). The results for the artificial macropore system showed that completely different BTCs were obtained with small suction differences, namely saturation and -3 kPa. At saturation, the BTC showed a bi-modal distribution typical for soils with macropores. At a slightly unsaturated condition of -3 kPa, however, the BTC showed a normal distribution quite similar to that of a repacked soil column. The results for undisturbed soil showed that the BTC gradually transitioned from a bi-modal to normal distribution, with the suction changing from saturation to only -3 kPa. These results suggest that effective use of fertilizer or remediation chemicals is possible with a relatively simple and inexpensive technique. even when macropore networks are present. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.02.009

浸透現象制御による汚染土壌の浄化 : 土壌物理学の顧点から招待

森也寸志

化学工学 = Chemical engineering 73 ( 8 ) 379 - 382 2009年8月

Impact of climate change on the Hii River basin and salinity in Lake Shinji: a case study using the SWAT model and a regression curve

Somura, H., J. Arnold, D. Hoffman, I. Takeda, Y. Mori and M. Di Luzio

Hydrological Processes 23 ( 13 ) 1887 - 1900 2009年6月

Influence of puddling procedures on the quality of rice paddy drainage water

Somura, H., I. Takeda and Y. Mori

Agricultural Water Management 96 ( 6 ) 1052 - 1058 2009年6月

栄養塩浸透域制御による油汚染土壌の微生物活性の最大化

森也寸志,藤原篤志,松本祐子

第15回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 501 - 505 2009年4月

油汚染土壌の浄化における栄養塩注入速度の効率化．

森也寸志, 松田真伊

環境技術 38 ( 8 ) 566 - 572 2009年

局地集中豪雨が土壌浸透水質へ及ぼす影響

森澤太平, 森也寸志, 井手淳一郎, 宗村広昭, 武田育郎, 井上光弘

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 22 131 - 131 2009年

多周波数電磁探査法による汚濁負荷量推測の試み

森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 江草直和, 井手淳一郎, 森澤太平

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 22 80 - 80 2009年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

面源負荷の発生機構に迫るため，多周波数電磁探査法を使って電気伝導度分布を計測し，土壌環境の特徴抽出から森林・畑地・水田といった土地利用の違い，さらに伝導度の鉛直プロファイルと河川の汚濁負荷量との関係を明らかにし，汚濁負荷量の推定を試みた．47970，24510，7950，3870，2310Hzを使用して電磁探査を行うと，地表近くの伝導度に土地利用毎の違いがあった．施肥の影響を検出したと考えられ，土地利用の違いが地表面付近の伝導度分布に明確に現れることが分かった．また，水質項目の電気伝導度と電磁探査の結果には，47970と24510Hzについて有意な線形相関があった．決定係数は0.882,0.858となり，水質の電気伝導度の大部分が地表付近のデータから説明できることが分かった．本手法は河川水の採水を必要とせずに面源負荷の影響を調査することが可能で，非破壊検査が行えるため，一般の土壌調査に比べて非常に迅速で，広範囲の調査に優位である．

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.22.0.80.0

土壌浸透水採取による山林斜面における面源負荷の形成過程の解明査読

森也寸志,宗村広昭,武田育郎

環境技術 37 ( 11 ) 23 - 27 2008年4月

地球型惑星における生命活動のための「土壌」改良技術について

森也寸志

宇宙利用シンポジウム 24th 370 - 371 2008年3月

Effects of Zeolite on Soil Nutrients and Growth of Barley Following Irrigation with Saline Water,

Al-Busaidi, A., T.Yamamoto, M.Inoue, , E.A.Egrinya, Y.Mori and M.Irshad.

Journal of Plant Nutrition 31 ( 7 ) 1159 - 1173 2008年

多周波電磁探査法による土壌環境モニタリング

平井優也, 森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 江草直和, 森澤太平

土壌の物理性 ( 109 ) 3 - 14 2008年

土壌浸透水採取による山林斜面における面源負荷の形成過程の解明，

森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 武田育郎

環境技術 37 ( 11 ) 1 - 6 2008年

Relationship between farming activities and water quality variations of drainage water from paddy fields area

Hiroaki Somura, Ikuo Takeda, Yasushi Mori

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008: Ahupua'a - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008 316 2008年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

We paid attention to relationship between farming activities and changes in drainage water quality from a paddy fields area, especially in land preparation period for transplanting of paddy. Drainage water quality during land preparation period became highest concentration of all items through a year. In 2006, average water qualities in the period were 7.9 mg/L in T-N, 1.6 mg/L in T-P, 15.3 mg/L in TOC, and 372 mg/L in SS. In addition, maximum values in the period were 36.2 mg/L in T-N, 12.3 mg/L in T-P, 83.2 mg/L in TOC, and 3020 mg/L in SS. The changes in water quality moved on with land preparation by tractor and drainage gate operation on each paddy field by farmers. Moreover, relatively high concentrations of drainage water were also observed during non-irrigation period. As no agricultural activities were done during the period, it is considered that residual nutrient in soil will infiltrate by rain water and flow to the drainage channel. © 2008 ASCE.

DOI： 10.1061/40976(316)110

多周波数電磁探査法による表層土壌環境モニタリングの可能性

森也寸志, 宗村広昭, 平井優也, 江草直和, 森澤太平

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 21 8 - 8 2008年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

非破壊土壌環境モニタリング技術として，森林，水田，果樹園，茶畑で多周波数電磁探査を行い，水分の増減や施肥による電気伝導度の変化，また土地利用の違いを調査した．従来法による表層電気伝導度は最高周波数から得られる値とほぼ一致し，森林での降雨前後や水田での湛水前後の変化，畑地での施肥の影響を示すことができた．圃場の水分の増加は深部にわたる伝導度の増加，施肥による影響は表層付近の伝導度の増加として区別することができ多深度探査の利点が得られた．土地管理の違いを伝導度の違いとして表せ，流域全体での管理を行う場合に非常に有効であることを示すことが出来た．これらの値の変化は数十mSm-1以下で生じており，従来示されてきた探査よりずっと低濃度である．このような低濃度を示す農林地で，多周波数による検証を行った例は恐らく初めてで，圃場管理や流域水管理など多周波数電磁探査機の土壌環境計測への可能性を示すことが出来た．

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.21.0.8.0

人工林の土壌浸透性の違いが豪雨時の水質形成過程に及ぼす影響

森澤太平, 森也寸志, 江草直和, 宗村広昭, 武田育郎, 井上光弘

水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集 21 92 - 92 2008年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：水文・水資源学会

森林における管理状態の違いが流出水の水質濃度に影響を与えていると報告されているが，流出水の分析からは森林内部での詳細な水質形成過程を明らかにすることはできない．そこで本研究では間伐遅れの影響がある森林SR1と間伐された森林SR2において，流出水と土壌浸透水をそれぞれ採水・分析し，表層土壌の浸透特性と比較することで両森林における水質形成過程を明らかにした．その結果，間伐された森林SR2よりも汚濁負荷物質が多く流出することが分かった．また，通常降雨では間伐遅れの影響がある森林SR1の方が土壌浸透水・流出水とも高濃度であるが，豪雨時には間伐された森林SR2であっても土壌緩衝能が十分に働かず，多量の汚濁負荷物質が土壌中から流出していることが分かった．

DOI： 10.11520/jshwr.21.0.92.0

管理状態の異なる森林からの集中豪雨に伴う汚濁負荷流出特性－土壌浸透水直接採取からの観察－

森澤太平, 森也寸志, 江草直和, 宗村広昭, 井上光弘

応用水文 ( 20 ) 11-20. - 20 2007年12月

Effects of seawater salinity on salt accumulation and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth under different meteorological conditions

Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Tahei Yamamoto, Mitsuhiro Inoue, Muhammad Irshad, Yasushi Mori, Satoshi Tanaka

JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT 5 ( 2 ) 270 - 279 2007年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：WFL PUBLISHER

Water uptake by plants and evaporation from the soil surface usually govern the salts dynamics in the soil and is highly related to the climatic conditions. Poor management of saline water may increase the soil salinity to a level higher than crop tolerance. The comparative investigations of saline water effects on soil and crops under various environments are lacking. Therefore pot experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of saline irrigations on barley and accumulation of salts in sand dune soil under three conditions - glasshouse, growth chamber and greenhouse. Plants were irrigated with diluted seawater adjusted to three levels of electrical conductivity: 3, 8 and 13 dS m(-1). The results of the experiments showed that saline waters and experimental conditions remarkably affected the evapotranspiration rate, soil moisture, salt accumulation and plant biomass production. Low temperature conditions exhibited highest plant growth and soil moisture and lowest salt deposition. Plants showed no symptoms of salt stress in the glasshouse. Growth chamber and greenhouse profoundly reduced plant biomass and higher salt accumulation in the soil. Higher stress of salinity was noticed in plants irrigated with high saline water. Higher amount of salts in the water impaired dry shoot yield by an average of 60%. The temperature conditions of greenhouse and growth chamber caused substantial water loss and induced water deficit situation in plants. A good management of saline water is a necessary option for a sustainable agriculture in salt affected soils. The use of high saline water for crops may carefully be rationalized in the warm climate.

砂質土壌における塩水を用いた地中灌漑法の改良とそれに伴う水利用効率，塩類土壌への影響.

山崎真吾, 井上光弘, 森也寸志, 山本太平

農業農村工学会論文集 ( 252 ) 25-32. - 32 2007年

不飽和土壌中の下方浸透水モニタリング－自動吸引圧制御型サンプラーによる肥料溶脱傾向の把握－

東直子, 森也寸志, 井上光弘

環境浄化技術 6 ( 6 ) 44 - 48 2007年

Monitoring saline irrigation effects on barley and salts distribution in soil at different leaching fractions

Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Tahei Yamamoto, Mitsuhiro Inoue, Yasushi Mori, Muhammad Irshad, A. Zahoor

Asian Journal of Plant Science 6 ( 5 ) 718 - 722 2007年

流域水物質循環解明のための土壌浸透水直接採取法の開発

高田直,森也寸志,東直子

第12回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 345 - 349 2006年4月

移流・分散制御による油汚染土壌の浄化効率の最適化

森也寸志,松本祐子

第12回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 581 - 584 2006年4月

不飽和土壌中の根群域からの下方浸透水モニタリング

東直子,森也寸志,井上光弘

第12回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 79 - 84 2006年4月

浸透速度制御による油汚染土壌の浄化率の最適化

松本祐子,森也寸志

第12回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 144 - 148 2006年4月

Multi-functional heat pulse probe measurements of coupled vadose zone flow and transport

Mortensen, A. P., J. W. Hopmans, Y.Mori and J. Simunek

Advances in Water Resources 29 ( 2 ) 250 - 267 2006年2月

砂質土壌における2深度からの地中塩水灌漑

山崎真吾, 井上光弘, 山本太平, 森也寸志

農業土木学会論文集 243 ( 243 ) 57 - 64 2006年

不飽和土壌中の下方浸透水採取のための効果的なサクション制御法

東直子, 森也寸志, 井上光弘

水文・水資源学会誌 19 ( 3 ) 221 - 227 2006年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES

フィルターにサクションをかけて下方浸透水を採取する際，一般には様々なフィルターが使用されており，フィルター直上のマトリックポテンシャルを周囲の土壌と全く同じになるよう制御する採水基準が用いられている．しかし，砂質土壌でガラスフィルターを用いて採水する場合，フィルター直上に土壌水分量が特に低い不飽和部分が残され，この点を考慮したサクション制御が必要である．本研究では，フィルターや土壌の種類を替えて，採水装置周辺のマトリックポテンシャルと土壌水分量の変化をシミュレーションにより予測した．ガラスフィルターよりも透水性の低いフィルターを砂質土壌で用いた場合は，フィルター直上の土壌水分量が多くなり易く，一方，ガラスフィルターを壌土あるいはシルト質壌土で用いた場合には，フィルター直上に土壌水分量の低い不飽和部分が残されることが示された．流線を乱さずに効率良く浸透水を採取するためには，土壌とフィルターの組み合わせ，あるいはフィルターにかけるサクションの大きさを考慮し，シミュレーション結果を反映させた厳密なサクション制御を行う必要がある．

DOI： 10.3178/jjshwr.19.221

その他リンク： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00278525557?from=CiNii

Estimation of Vadose Zone Water Flux from Multi-Functional Heat Pulse Probe Measurements

Mori,Y., J. W. Hopmans, A. P. Mortensen and G. J. Kluitenberg

Soil Science Society of America Journal 69 ( 3 ) 599 - 606 2005年5月

熱パルスセンサーによる土壌油汚染の計測技術の構築

松本祐子,森也寸志

第11回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 138 - 141 2005年4月

土壌環境モニタリングのための不飽和土壌中の下方浸透水量測定装置の開発

東直子,森也寸志,井上光弘

第11回地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に対する研究集会講演集 256 - 260 2005年4月

Measurement of fertilizer leaching from root zone using an automated infiltration soil water sampler in an unsaturated sandy field

N. Higashi, Y. Mori and M. Inoue

Soil Sci. and Plant Nutr. 51 ( 7 ) 1023 - 1033 2005年

油汚染土壌の浄化における栄養塩注入速度の最適化

森也寸志, 宮林哲司, 北村光太郎

地下水・土壌汚染とその防止対策に関する研究集会講演集 336-339 336 - 339 2005年

Salt Leaching and Plant Rooting Effects of Sea Water Application in Coastal Area, Oman.

日本砂丘学会誌 52(2) 43-50 2005年

自動サクション制御による不飽和砂質土壌中の下方浸透水採取装置の開発.

東直子, 森也寸志, 井上光弘

土壌の物理性 101 27-35 ( 101 ) 27 - 35 2005年

Multi-Functional Heat Pulse Probe for the Simultaneous Measurement of Soil Water Content, Solute Concentration, and Heat Transport Parameters

Y. Mori, J. W. Hopmans, A. P. Mortensen, G. J. Kluitenberg

VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL 2 ( 4 ) 561 - 571 2003年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SOIL SCI SOC AMER

Water, solute, and heat transport processes in soils are mutually interdependent as each includes convective water flow and each transport mechanism is partly controlled by fluid saturation, pore geometry, temperature, and other soil environmental conditions. Therefore, their measurement in approximately identical measurement locations and volume is essential for understanding transport phenomena in soils. We introduce a 2.7-cm-diameter multi-functional heat pulse probe (MFHPP), which consists of a single central heater, four thermistors, and four electrodes (Wenner array) that together are incorporated in six 1.27-mm-o.d. stainless-steel tubes. The bulk soil thermal properties and volumetric water content of Tottori Dune sand were determined from the measurement of the temperature response of all four thermistor sensors after application of an 8-s heat pulse by the heater sensor. Simultaneously with the temperature measurements, the bulk soil electrical conductivity (EC(b)) was measured using the Wenner array, from which soil solution concentration (EC(w)) can be obtained after calibration. All measurements were taken during multistep outflow experiments, which also allowed estimation of the soil's hydraulic properties. We demonstrated that the MFHPP can effectively measure volumetric water content, thermal properties, and EC(b), and can be used to indirectly estimate soil water fluxes at rates larger than 0.7 m d(-1) in the sand.

Assessment and Field-Scale Mapping of Soil Quality Properties of a Saline-Sodic Soil

Geoderma 114 ( 3-4 ) 231 - 259 2003年6月

Multi-Functional Heat Pulse Probe for the Simultaneous Measurement of Soil Water Content, Solute Concentration, and Heat Transport Parameter

Vadose Zone Journal 2 ( 4 ) 561 - 571 2003年

茶園小流域からの窒素，リン，CODの排出負荷量の推定

TAKEDA I.

水環境学会誌 25(9):565-570 ( 9 ) 565 - 570 2002年

軟X線による土壌間隙構造および水移動機構の可視化と解析に関する研究

森也寸志

農業土木学会誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Engineering Society, Japan 69 ( 1 ) 85 - 87 2001年1月

鳥取県西部地震による農地および農業施設の被害

森也寸志, 石井将幸, 木原康孝, 福櫻盛一

農業土木学会誌 69 ( 1 ) 71 - 75 2001年

マルチステップ流出法による不撹乱土壌の不飽和透水係数の推定

農業土木学会論文集 213:61-68 2001年

軟X線による非破壊土壌中の排水機構の解明

森也寸志

土壌の物理性 83 ( 83 ) 59 - 65 2000年

Discriminating the influence of soil texture and management-induced changes in macropore flow using soft X-rays

Y Mori, K Iwama, T Maruyama, T Mitsuno

SOIL SCIENCE 164 ( 7 ) 467 - 482 1999年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS

Soft X-ray radiography, a nondestructive technique, was employed to examine macropore now characteristics in soils of different management: paddy, upland field, and forest. A constant-head saturated hydraulic conductivity experiment was conducted using the soft X-ray apparatus. A contrast medium, CH2I2, was applied as a tracer to obtain contrast images of macropore now. The visualization efficiency has been increased by the low-energy system that enables high-contrast images to be obtained as a result of a wider range of mass attenuation coefficients. CH2I2 has a larger attenuation coefficient than bulk soil and has a kinematic viscosity similar to water, It was introduced dropwise to allow movement with the water now. Macropore now was captured using a soft X-ray TV camera, whereas now paths were photographed on X-ray films. Light duralumin, was used for the sample holder instead of the conventionally used stainless steel in order not to cancel the efficiency induced by the contrast medium. We found that the highest resolution obtained was 42.3 mu m This corresponded well to the calculated value of 30 mu m at an energy level of 60 to 70 keV, The resultant images showed that only about 30% of potentially available macropores conducted water now. Macropore now paths were affected by land management: straight isolated cylindrical paths in paddy field soils; a network of tortuous paths in upland field soils; and round cloudy interaggregate paths in forest soils. Macropore now velocity was estimated from CH2I2 movement. Because the now area was restricted to a small number of macropores, the Reynolds number of now ranged from 51.6 to 88.6. The now was in a transition region from laminar to turbulent now. Under actual conditions of macropore now, the assumption of laminar now was not realized, Both structural and dynamic analyses of macropore now explained the now characteristics successfully.

DOI： 10.1097/00010694-199907000-00003

Soft x-ray radiography of drainage patterns of structured soils

Y Mori, T Maruyama, T Mitsuno

SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL 63 ( 4 ) 733 - 740 1999年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SOIL SCI SOC AMER

Characterization of unsaturated hydraulic and geometrical properties of undisturbed soils is essential for understanding water flow and solute transport in soils. We visualized the drainage pattern by soft x-ray radiography using a contrast medium. Outflow experiments were conducted simultaneously and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was calculated by parameter estimation. Time sequential drainage patterns were obtained by the subtraction technique, which was done by subtracting a reference image from the image of interest. Drainage patterns of paddy and upland field soils showed that drainage occurs through macropores first, followed by interaggregate macropores, and then finally through the soil matrix. The drainage pattern resembles two-domain flow of macropore and matrix, On the other hand, drainage occurred through the entire sample in forest soils, Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity data showed a discontinuity near saturation, providing evidence of two-domain now. This was explained by differences in bulk density. Tightly packed soils allowed macropore now. The differences increased in the order: forest, upland field, and paddy field soils. An exception was observed in paddy field soils, where roughly parked deeper soils showed significant macropore now. The thin section photograph of paddy field soils from deeper layers revealed that the macropore wall was coated with alluvial materials that prevented smooth water flow across the macropore wall. In this regard, we should also consider the resistance caused by these materials. Soft x-ray radiography of the drainage pattern was helpful in characterizing the unsaturated hydraulic properties of structured soils.

DOI： 10.2136/sssaj1999.634733x

Soft X-ray visualization and analysis on hydraulic and geometrical properties of soil macropore

Ph. D. Thesis, Kyoto UniVersity 1999年

軟X線による非破壊土壌中の水移動機構の解明

ESI-NEWS 17 ( 4 ) 129 - 139 1999年

被覆肥料を用いた畑地からの窒素負荷の流出削減-傾斜ライシメータからの汚濁負荷流出に関する研究((]G0001[))-(共著)

農業土木学会論文集 198 13 - 21 1998年

畑地からのリンとCOD成分の表面流出-傾斜ライシメータからの汚濁負荷流出に関する研究((]G0002[))-(共著)

農業土木学会論文集 198 23 - 29 1998年

フーリエ変換を用いた土壌粗間隙の構造解析(共著)

森也寸志,渡邊紹裕,丸山利輔

農業土木学会論文集 ( 187 ) 49 - 57 1997年

斐伊川から宍道湖へ流出する汚濁負荷量の推定(共著)

LAGUNA 3 91 - 96 1996年

水田土壌における根成孔隙の形成と形態に関する研究(共著)

森也寸志,渡邊紹裕,丸山利輔

農業土木学会論文集 ( 171 ) 13 - 20 1994年

土地利用による土壌間隙構造の差異-軟X線による観察を中心にして-(共著)

森也寸志,志賀摂子,岩間憲治,渡邊紹裕,丸山利輔

土壌の物理性 66 ( 66 ) 19 - 27 1992年

Differences in Soil Structure with Land-use, Observations Using Soft X-Ray

Soil Physical Conditions and Plant Growth, Japan ( 66 ) 19 - 27 1992年

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