Faculty Profiles - OUCHIDA Mamoru

Papers - OUCHIDA Mamoru

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Txn1 mutation is a monogenic cause of chronic kidney disease associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in rats

Iori Ohmori, Mamoru Ouchida, Yoshiko Hada, Haruhito, A. Uchida, Shinya Toyokuni, Tomoji Mashimo

BioRxiv 2023.8

"Input/output cytokines" in epidermal keratinocytes and the involvement in inflammatory skin diseases. Reviewed International journal

Shin Morizane, Tomoyuki Mukai, Ko Sunagawa, Kota Tachibana, Yoshio Kawakami, Mamoru Ouchida

Frontiers in immunology 14 1239598 - 1239598 2023

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Considering the role of epidermal keratinocytes, they occupy more than 90% of the epidermis, form a physical barrier, and also function as innate immune barrier. For example, epidermal keratinocytes are capable of recognizing various cytokines and pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and producing a wide variety of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides. Previous basic studies have shown that the immune response of epidermal keratinocytes has a significant impact on inflammatory skin diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide foundation of knowledge on the cytokines which are recognized or produced by epidermal keratinocytes. Since a number of biologics for skin diseases have appeared, it is necessary to fully understand the relationship between epidermal keratinocytes and the cytokines. In this review, the cytokines recognized by epidermal keratinocytes are specifically introduced as "input cytokines", and the produced cytokines as "output cytokines". Furthermore, we also refer to the existence of biologics against those input and output cytokines, and the target skin diseases. These use results demonstrate how important targeted cytokines are in real skin diseases, and enhance our understanding of the cytokines.

DOI： 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239598

Thioredoxin deficiency increases oxidative stress and causes bilateral symmetrical degeneration in rat midbrain. Reviewed International journal

Iori Ohmori, Mamoru Ouchida, Hirohiko Imai, Saeko Ishida, Shinya Toyokuni, Tomoji Mashimo

Neurobiology of disease 175 105921 - 105921 2022.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Thioredoxin, encoded by Txn1, acts as a critical antioxidant in the defense against oxidative stress by regulating the dithiol/disulfide balance of interacting proteins. The role of thioredoxin in the central nervous system (CNS) is largely unknown. A phenotype-driven study of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-mutated rats with wild-running seizures revealed the importance of Txn1 mutations in CNS degeneration. Genetic mapping identified Txn1-F54L in the epileptic rats. The insulin-reducing activity of Txn1-F54L was approximately one-third of that of the wild-type (WT). Bilateral symmetrical vacuolar degeneration in the midbrain, mainly in the thalamus and the inferior colliculus, was observed in the Txn1-F54L rats. The lesions displayed neuronal and oligodendrocytic cell death. Neurons in Txn1-F54L rats showed morphological changes in the mitochondria. Vacuolar degeneration peaked at five weeks of age, and spontaneous repair began at seven weeks. The TUNEL assay showed that fibroblasts derived from homozygotes were susceptible to cell death under oxidative stress. In five-week-old WT rats, energy metabolism in the thalamus was significantly higher than that in the cerebral cortex. In conclusion, in juvenile rats, Txn1 seems to play an essential role in reducing oxidative stress in the midbrains with high energy metabolism.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105921

Aberrant serine protease activities in atopic dermatitis Reviewed

Shin Morizane, Ko Sunagawa, Hayato Nomura, Mamoru Ouchida

JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE 107 ( 1 ) 2 - 7 2022.7

Language：English Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease; the three major factors responsible for AD, i.e., epidermal barrier dysfunction, allergic inflammation, and itching, interact with each other to form a pathological condition. Excessive protease activities are characteristic abnormalities that affect the epi-dermal barrier in patients with AD. In normal skin, epidermal serine protease activities are controlled by kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) and their inhibitors, including lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI). In AD lesions, KLKs are excessively expressed, which results in the enhancement of epi-dermal serine protease activities and facilitates the invasion by allergens and microorganisms. In addition, some KLKs can activate protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in epidermal keratinocytes and peripheral nerves, resulting in the induction of inflammation and itching. Furthermore, in AD patients with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) such as E420K and D386N of SPINK5 which encodes LEKTI, LEKTI function is attenuated, resulting in the activation of KLKs and easy invasion by allergens and microorganisms. Further analysis is needed to elucidate the detailed mechanism underlying the control of serine protease activities, which may lead to the development of new therapeutic and prophylactic agents for AD.(c) 2022 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.06.004

Novel animal model of combined generalized and focal epilepsy. Reviewed International journal

Iori Ohmori, Mamoru Ouchida, Masakazu Shinohara, Kiyoka Kobayashi, Saeko Ishida, Tomoji Mashimo

Epilepsia 63 ( 7 ) e80-e85 2022.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Thioredoxin, encoded by Txn1, is a critical antioxidant that protects against oxidative damage by regulating the dithiol/disulfide balance of interacting proteins. We recently discovered the Adem rat, an epileptic rat harboring the Txn1-F54L mutation, characterized by wild running and vacuolar degeneration in the midbrain. This study aimed to characterize the classification of epilepsy in Adem rats. We performed simultaneous video-electroencephalographic recordings, magnetic resonance imaging, neurotransmitter measurements using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and immunohistochemistry. Adem rats exhibited absence, tonic, and focal seizures. The type of epilepsy was classified as combined generalized and focal epilepsy. Neurotransmitters in the midbrain and cortex were measured at 3 weeks of age, when neuronal cell death occurs in the midbrain. The results of GC-MS ruled out the dominance of the excitatory system in the midbrain and cortex of Adem rats. Activation of astrocytes and microglia was more pronounced at 5 weeks of age, at which time epileptic seizures occurred frequently. The underlying pathology in Adem rats remains unknown. However, glial cell activation and inflammation may play a significant role in the occurrence of epilepsy.

DOI： 10.1111/epi.17295

Multifaceted Analysis of IL-23A- and/or EBI3-Including Cytokines Produced by Psoriatic Keratinocytes Reviewed

Tachibana K, Tang N, Urakami H, Kajita Ai, Kobashi M, Nomura H, Sasakura M, Sugihara S, FJiang F, Tomonobu N, Sakaguchi M, Ouchida M, Morizane S

International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22 ( 23 ) 10.3390/ijms222312659 2021.11

Txn1 mutation causes epilepsy associated with vacuolar degeneration in the midbrain.

Iori Ohmori, Mamoru Ouchida, Hirohiko Imai, Saeko Ishida, Shinya Toyokuni, Tomoji Mashimo

bioRxiv 2021.10

Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Abstract

Thioredoxin (TXN), encoded by Txn1, acts as a critical antioxidant in the defense against oxidative stress by regulating the dithiol/disulfide balance of interacting proteins. The role of TXN in the central nervous system (CNS) is largely unknown. A phenotype-driven study of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-mutated rats with running seizures at around five-week of age revealed the relevance of Txn1 mutations to CNS disorders. Genetic mapping identified Txn1-F54L in epileptic rats. The insulin-reducing activity of Txn1-F54L rats was approximately one-third that of the wild-type. Vacuolar degeneration in the midbrain, mainly in the thalamus and the inferior colliculus, was observed in the Txn1-F54L rats. The lesions displayed neuronal and oligodendrocyte cell death. Neurons in Txn1-F54L rats showed morphological changes in the mitochondria. Vacuolar degeneration began at three weeks of age, and spontaneous repair began at seven weeks; a dramatic change from cell death to repair occurred in the midbrain during a restricted period. In conclusion, Txn1 is essential for the development of the midbrain in juvenile rats.

DOI： 10.1101/2021.10.07.463470

VLX1570 induces apoptosis through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress on leukemia cell lines. Reviewed International journal

Nami Kurozumi, Takayuki Tsujioka, Mamoru Ouchida, Kanae Sakakibara, Takako Nakahara, Shin-Ichiro Suemori, Masaki Takeuchi, Akira Kitanaka, Misako Shibakura, Kaoru Tohyama

Cancer science 112 ( 8 ) 3302 - 3313 2021.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A novel proteasome deubiquitinase inhibitor, VLX1570, has been highlighted as a promising therapeutic agent mainly for lymphoid neoplasms and solid tumors. We examined in vitro effects of VLX1570 on eight myeloid and three lymphoid leukemia cell lines. From cell culture studies, 10 out of 11 cell lines except K562 were found to be susceptible to VLX1570 treatment and it inhibited cell growth mainly by apoptosis. Next, to identify the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis, we performed gene expression profiling using HL-60 with or without 50 nmol/L of VLX1570 for 3 hours and demonstrated that VLX1570 induced the genetic pathway involved in "heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) activation", "HSF1 dependent transactivation", and "Regulation of HSF1 mediated heat shock response". VLX1570 increased the amount of high molecular weight polyubiquitinated proteins and the expression of HSP70 as the result of the suppression of ubiquitin proteasome system, the expression of heme oxygenase-1, and the amount of phosphorylation in JNK and p38 associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced apoptosis and the amount of phosphorylation in eIF2α, inducing the expression of ATF4 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress dependent apoptosis protein, CHOP, and the amount of phosphorylation slightly in IRE1α, leading to increased expression of XBP-1s in leukemia cell lines. In the present study, we demonstrate that VLX1570 induces apoptosis and exerts a potential anti-leukemic effect through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress in leukemia cell lines.

DOI： 10.1111/cas.14982

Scn1a and Cacna1a mutations mutually alter their original phenotypes in rats. Reviewed International journal

Iori Ohmori, Kiyoka Kobayashi, Mamoru Ouchida

Neurochemistry international 141 104859 - 104859 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

This study aimed to examine the effects of Cacna1a mutation on the phenotype of Scn1a-associated epilepsy in rats. We used rats with an N1417H missense mutation in the Scn1a gene and others with an M251K mutation in the Cacna1a gene. Scn1a/Cacna1a double mutant rats were generated by mating both Scn1a and Cacna1a mutants. We investigated general health and the epileptic phenotype in all these genotypes. The onset threshold of hyperthermia-induced seizures was examined at 5 weeks and spontaneous seizures were monitored using video-EEG recordings from 6 to 12 weeks of age. Scn1a/Cacna1a double mutants showed significantly reduced threshold for hyperthermia-sensitive seizures onset compared with the Scn1a mutants and had absence seizures having 6-7 c/s spike-wave bursts with changes in the spike-wave pattern, whereas Cacna1a mutants had regular 6-7 c/s spike-wave bursts. In Scn1a/Cacna1a double mutants, 6-7 c/s spike-wave bursts were accompanied with eyelid myoclonia and continuously shifting generalized clonic seizures, which were not observed in either Scn1a or Cacna1a mutants. Although a curvature of the spine was observed in rats of all these genotypes, the degree of curvature was more pronounced in Scn1a/Cacna1a double mutants, followed by Cacna1a and Scn1a mutants. Our results indicate that Cacna1a and Scn1a mutations mutually alter their original phenotypes in rats. The phenotype of absence seizures with eyelid myoclonia, generalized clonic seizures, and of spine curvature in the Scn1a/Cacna1a double mutants were similar to that observed in patients with Dravet syndrome.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104859

Development of a novel analgesic for neuropathic pain targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Reviewed International journal

Kae Ikeda, Keita Hazama, Yoshitaro Itano, Mamoru Ouchida, Hideki Nakatsuka

Biochemical and biophysical research communications 531 ( 3 ) 390 - 395 2020.10

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Effective treatment of neuropathic pain is challenging as its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Recently, the participation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in neuropathic pain has been attracting increased attention. BDNF binds to a member of the tyrosine kinase receptor family, the TrkB receptor, that is specific for BDNF and is the transmembrane receptor on the posterior horn of spinal cord. In the present study, we purified two proteins that included the BDNF-binding domain of TrkB (eTrkB) and eTrkB coupled with a liposomal outer surface (liposomal eTrkB) in order to inhibit the BDNF-TrkB pathway in neuropathic pain. Results of the pull-down assay showed that eTrkB was bound to BDNF. We investigated the neuropathic pain suppression effect of this purified protein by its intrathecal administration in a rat neuropathic pain model. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by L5 lumbar nerve ligation was markedly suppressed by treatment with eTrkB protein. Furthermore, we showed a prolonged algetic inhibition by liposomal eTrkB protein treatment. In conclusion, this study suggests that eTrkB, which sequesters endogenous BDNF and inhibits the BDNF-TrkB pathway, may prove to be a novel analgesic to treat neuropathic pain.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.109

Analysis of All 34 Exons of the SPINK5 Gene in Japanese Atopic Dermatitis Patients. Reviewed

Shin Morizane, Mamoru Ouchida, Ko Sunagawa, Saeko Sugimoto, Mina Kobashi, Satoru Sugihara, Hayato Nomura, Kazuhide Tsuji, Atsushi Sato, Yoshihiro Miura, Hiroaki Hattori, Kotaro Tada, Wook-Kang Huh, Akemi Seno, Keiji Iwatsuki

Acta medica Okayama 72 ( 3 ) 275 - 282 2018.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) is a large multidomain serine protease inhibitor that is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes. Nonsense mutations of the SPINK5 gene, which codes for LEKTI, cause Netherton syndrome, which is characterized by hair abnormality, ichthyosis, and atopy. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of SPINK5, p.K420E, is reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). We studied all 34 exons of the SPINK5 gene in Japanese 57 AD patients and 50 normal healthy controls. We detected nine nonsynonymous variants, including p.K420E; these variants had already been registered in the SNP database. Among them, p.R654H (n=1) was found as a heterozygous mutation in the AD patients, but not in the control. No new mutation was detected. We next compared the data of the AD patients with data from the Human Genetic Variation Database provided by Kyoto University; a significant difference was found in the frequency of the p.S368N genotype distribution. PolyPhen-2 and SIFT, two algorithms for predicting the functional effects of amino acid substitutions, showed significant scores for p.R654H. Therefore, R654H might be a risk factor for epidermal barrier dysfunction in some Japanese AD patients.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56073

Novel analgesics targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor for neuropathic pain. Reviewed

Hazama K, Ikeda K, Tsuge M, Itano Y, Ouchida M, Nakatsuka H

Kawasaki Medical Journal. 44 ( 2 ) 41 - 52 2018

Human RAD 17 Polymorphism at Codon 546 Is Associated with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Reviewed

Yukiko Yasuda, Akiko Sakai, Sachio Ito, Kaori Sasai, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Nagahide Matsubara, Mamoru Ouchida, Hiroshi Katayama, Kenji Shimizu

Acta medica Okayama 71 ( 1 ) 59 - 68 2017.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL

Human RAD17 acts as an activator of checkpoint signals in response to DNA damage. Here we evaluated the association of hRAD17 Leu546Arg (rs1045051), a missense single nucleotide polymorphism, with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in relation to smoking and alcohol consumption habits in 212 CRC patients and 1,142 cancer-free controls in a case-control study conducted in Japan. The results showed that the hRAD17 Leu/Arg genotype compared to the Leu/Leu genotypes was significantly associated with the protective effect on CRC risk with the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.95, p=0.024], and the males with the Arg/Arg genotype had a greater risk of CRC compared to those with the Leu/Leu and Leu/Arg genotypes (OR=1.87, 95% CI 1.03-3.40, p=0.04). In stratified studies, the protective effect of the Leu/Arg genotype on CRC risk was markedly higher in the light smokers (< 20 pack years) (OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.94, p=0.024) and the rectal cancer patients (OR=0.49, 95% CI 0.31-0.78, p=0.003). The risk of the Arg/Arg genotype was associated with heavy smoking (>= 20 pack-years) (OR=2.24, 95% CI 1.09-4.61, p=0.03). These findings suggest that the genetic variant of hRAD17 Leu546Arg polymorphism has a significant effect on CRC susceptibility in Japanese.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/54826

A case of Dravet syndrome with cortical myoclonus indicated by jerk-locked back-averaging of electroencephalogram data. Reviewed International journal

Yoshinori Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki Hanaoka, Tomoyuki Akiayma, Iori Ohmori, Mamoru Ouchida, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Makio Oka, Harumi Yoshinaga, Katsuhiro Kobayashi

Brain & development 39 ( 1 ) 75 - 79 2017.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

We report a female patient with Dravet syndrome (DS) with erratic segmental myoclonus, the origin of which was first identified in the cerebral cortex by the detection of myoclonus-associated cortical discharges. The discharges were disclosed through jerk locked back-averaging of electroencephalogram (EEG) data using the muscle activity of myoclonus as triggers. The detected spikes on the contralateral parieto-central region preceded myoclonic muscle activity in the forearms by 28-46 ms. The patient was six months old at the time of examination, and was developing normally before seizure onset at two months of age. She suffered from recurrent afebrile or febrile generalized tonic clonic seizures that often developed into status epilepticus. Interictal EEG and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no significant findings. The amplitudes of the somatosensory-evoked potentials were not extremely large. She has a chromosomal microdeletion involving SCN1A and adjacent genes. (C) 2016 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.07.005

Development of a novel analgesic for cancer pain targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Reviewed

Tsuge M, Hazama K, Kanzaki H, Itano Y, Maeshima K, Ouchida M, Nakatsuka H

Kawasaki Medical Journal. 43 107 - 120 2017

Genetic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary component. Reviewed International journal

Masashi Furukawa, Shinichi Toyooka, Kouichi Ichimura, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Junichi Soh, Shinsuke Hashida, Mamoru Ouchida, Kazuhiko Shien, Hiroaki Asano, Kazunori Tsukuda, Shinichiro Miyoshi

Molecular and clinical oncology 4 ( 2 ) 195 - 200 2016.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PA) with a micropapillary component (PA-MPC) is known as an aggressive subtype of PA. The molecular profiles of PA-MPC have not been well characterized. the pathological reports of patients who underwent surgical resection for lung cancer between April, 2004 and May, 2012 were reviewed. Of the 674 patients diagnosed with PA, 28 were found to have MPC. A total of 138 resected PAs without MPC were selected in the same period to serve as age-, gender- and smoking status-matched controls to the PA-MPC group. Mutational status was determined by the following two methods: SNaPshot assay based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), primer extension and capillary electrophoresis that was designed to assess 38 somatic mutations in 8 genes [AKT1, BRAF, endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1, neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) and phosphatase and tensin homolog]; and a PCR-based sizing assay that assesses EGFR exon 19 (deletions), EGFR exon 20 (insertions) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 exon 20 (insertions). echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion gene (EML4-ALK) was screened by ALK immunohistochemistry and confirmed using the reverse transcription PCR assay and the break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization assay. Regarding genetic alterations, 13 (46.4%) of the 28 PA-MPCs harbored mutually exclusive mutations: 9 (32.1%) EGFR mutations, 1 (3.6%) KRAS mutation and 3 (10.7%) EML4-ALK fusion genes. PAs without MPC harbored 42 (30.4%) EGFR mutations, 17 (12.3%) KRAS mutations, 3 (2.2%) EML4-ALK fusion genes and 1 (0.7%) PIK3CA mutation. EML4-ALK fusion genes appeared to occur significantly more frequently in PA-MPCs compared with PAs without MPC (P=0.027). Although the sample size was small, our study suggests that the molecular pathogenesis of PA-MPC may be different from that of other adenocarcinomas.

DOI： 10.3892/mco.2015.690

Five-aza-2'-deoxycytidine-induced hypomethylation of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase gene is responsible for cell death of myelodysplasia/leukemia cells. Reviewed International journal

Takayuki Tsujioka, Akira Yokoi, Yoshitaro Itano, Kentaro Takahashi, Mamoru Ouchida, Shuichiro Okamoto, Toshinori Kondo, Shin-ichiro Suemori, Yumi Tohyama, Kaoru Tohyama

Scientific reports 5 16709 - 16709 2015.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMT inhibitors) are administered for high-risk MDS, but their action mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation assay and focused on cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) among the genes whose expression was up-regulated and whose promoter region was hypomethylated after decitabine (DAC) treatment in vitro. CH25H catalyzes hydroxylation of cholesterol and produces 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC). Although CH25H mRNA expression level was originally low in MDS/leukemia cell lines, exposure to DNMT inhibitors enhanced CH25H mRNA expression. The promoter region of CH25H was originally hypermethylated in HL-60 and MDS-L cells, but DAC treatment induced their hypomethylation together with increased CH25H mRNA expression, activation of CH25H-oxysterol pathway, 25-OHC production and apoptotic cell death. We further confirmed that normal CD34-positive cells revealed hypomethylated status of the promoter region of CH25H gene. CH25H-knockdown by transfection of shRNA lentiviral vector into the cell lines partially protected the cells from DAC-induced cell death. Exogenous addition of 25-OHC suppressed leukemic cell growth. The present study raises a possibility that DNMT inhibitors activate CH25H-oxysterol pathway by their hypomethylating mechanism and induce leukemic cell death. Further investigations of the promoter analysis of CH25H gene and therapeutic effects of DNMT inhibitors on MDS/leukemia will be warranted.

DOI： 10.1038/srep16709

Cyclin C interacts with steroid receptor coactivator 2 and upregulates cell cycle genes in MCF-7 cells. Reviewed International journal

Olivera Bozickovic, Tuyen Hoang, Ingvild S Fenne, Thomas Helland, Linn Skartveit, Mamoru Ouchida, Gunnar Mellgren, Jørn V Sagen

Biochimica et biophysica acta 1853 ( 10 Pt A ) 2383 - 91 2015.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2) is a coactivator that regulates nuclear receptor activity. We previously reported that SRC-2 protein is degraded through the action of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and CAMP response element binding protein (CREB). In the study presented here, we aimed to identify proteins that interact with and thereby regulate SRC-2. We isolated cyclin C (CCNC) as an interacting partner with the SRC-2 degradation domain aa 347-758 in a yeast two-hybrid assay and confirmed direct interaction in an in vitro assay. The protein level of SRC-2 was increased with CCNC overexpression in COS-1 cells and decreased with CCNC silencing in COS-1 and MCF-7 cells. In a pulse-chase assay, we further show that silencing of CCNC resulted in a different SRC-2 degradation pattern during the first 6 h after the pulse. Finally, we provide evidence that CCNC regulates expression of cell cycle genes upregulated by SRC-2. In conclusion, our results suggest that CCNC temporarily protects SRC-2 against degradation and this event is involved in the transcriptional regulation of SRC-2 cell cycle target genes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.016

Uncovering Direct Targets of MiR-19a Involved in Lung Cancer Progression. Reviewed International journal

Kumiko Yamamoto, Sachio Ito, Hiroko Hanafusa, Kenji Shimizu, Mamoru Ouchida

PloS one 10 ( 9 ) e0137887 2015.9

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of target genes posttranscriptionally by pairing incompletely with mRNA in a sequence-specific manner. About 30% of human genes are regulated by miRNAs, and a single miRNA is capable of reducing the production of hundreds of proteins by means of incomplete pairing upon miRNA-mRNA binding. Lately, evidence implicating miRNAs in the development of lung cancers has been emerging. In particular, miR-19a, which is highly expressed in malignant lung cancer cells, is considered the key miRNA for tumorigenesis. However, its direct targets remain underreported. In the present study, we focused on six potential miR-19a target genes selected by miRNA target prediction software. To evaluate these genes as direct miR-19a target genes, we performed luciferase, pull-down, and western blot assays. The luciferase activity of plasmids with each miR-19a-binding site was observed to decrease, while increased luciferase activity was observed in the presence of anti-miR-19a locked nucleic acid (LNA). The pull-down assay showed biotinylated miR-19a to bind to AGO2 protein and to four of six potential target mRNAs. Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of the four genes changed depending on treatment with miR-19a mimic or anti-miR-19a-LNA. Finally, FOXP1, TP53INP1, TNFAIP3, and TUSC2 were identified as miR-19a targets. To examine the function of these four target genes in lung cancer cells, LK79 (which has high miR-19a expression) and A549 (which has low miR-19a expression) were used. The expression of the four target proteins was higher in A549 than in LK79 cells. The four miR-19a target cDNA expression vectors suppressed cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion of A549 and LK79 cells, but LK79 cells transfected with FOXP1 and TP53INP1 cDNAs showed no difference compared to the control cells in the invasion assay.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0137887

MET gene amplification or EGFR mutation activate MET in lung cancers untreated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (vol 15, pg 1778, 2009) Reviewed

T. Kubo, H. Yamamoto, W. W. Lockwood, Valencia, I, J. Soh, M. Peyton, M. Jida, H. Otani, T. Fujii, M. Ouchida, N. Takigawa, K. Kiura, K. Shimizu, H. Date, J. D. Minna, M. Varella-Garcia, W. L. Lam, A. F. Gazdar, S. Toyooka

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER 136 ( 2 ) E1 - E1 2015.1

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