Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.7759/cureus.77709

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

The long-term effects of cesarean delivery (CD) on child health and development remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate these effects using an outcome-wide approach in a Japanese context, where perinatal mortality rates are among the world’s lowest. We analyzed data from 2,114 children in a nationwide Japanese birth cohort, linking the 21st Century Longitudinal Survey of Newborns with the Perinatal Research Network database. We examined associations between CD and various health and developmental outcomes up to 9 years of age, including hospitalizations, obesity, and developmental milestones. After adjusting for potential confounders, CD was not significantly associated with most outcomes, including all-cause hospitalization (adjusted risk ratio 1.25, 95% CI 0.997–1.56), obesity at 5.5 and 9 years, and various developmental milestones. Subgroup analyses for multiple births and preterm infants showed some differences in point estimates, but were limited by small sample sizes. CD was not significantly associated with adverse long-term child health or developmental outcomes in this Japanese cohort. These findings provide reassurance regarding CD safety when medically indicated in advanced perinatal care settings. Further research with larger samples and longer follow-up is needed, especially for specific subgroups.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-025-87043-2

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-87043-2

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s13223-025-00952-9.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1297/cpe.2024-0038.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.15046.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s00431-024-05883-y.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-024-76403-z.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Georg Thieme Verlag KG  

Objective We aimed to examine the association between respiratory severity score (RSS; mean airway pressure × fraction of inspired oxygen) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants.

Study Design This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. We analyzed data from extremely preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Okayama Medical Center between 2010 and 2019. Infants without invasive respiratory management during the first day of life were excluded. The exposure variable was the highest RSS during the first day of life. RSS was categorized into two groups: low (<3.5) and high (≥3.5) RSS. The primary outcome was death or neurodevelopmental impairment at age 3 years, defined as cognitive impairment (developmental quotient <70) or the presence of cerebral palsy. Secondary outcomes were the components of the primary outcome. We conducted robust Poisson regression analyses to investigate the association between RSS category and primary and secondary outcomes, adjusting for perinatal confounders.

Results The cohort included 97 infants with neurodevelopmental data, of whom 34 and 63 infants were in the low- and high-RSS categories, respectively. The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 26.0 (24.7–26.9) and 25.7 (24.6–26.7) weeks and 761 (584–866) and 806 (618–898) g for infants in the low- and high-RSS categories, respectively. Compared with infants in the low-RSS category, those in the high-RSS category had a greater risk of death or neurodevelopmental impairment at age 3 years (26.3 vs. 42.3%; adjusted risk ratio [RR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–3.5) and neurodevelopmental impairment at age 3 years (17.6 vs. 28.6%; adjusted RR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3–5.9).

Conclusion High RSS (≥3.5) during the first day of life was associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment at age 3 years in extremely preterm infants.

Key Points

DOI： 10.1055/a-2267-4719

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2024.110351

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.anl.2024.07.005

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.03.007

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s12887-024-05090-6.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)  

Abstract

Background

Understanding the association between the immune response and the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has implications for forthcoming prevention strategies. We evaluated the association between antibody titers and the risk of infection for the general population during the Omicron-dominant phase.

Methods

This was a prospective cohort study of residents or people affiliated with institutions in Bizen City, which included 1899 participants. We measured the titers of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 repeatedly every 2 months from June 2022 to March 2023. Infection status was obtained from self-reported questionnaires and the official registry. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) for infection within 2 months of the date of each antibody measurement with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on antibody titer categories and spline functions.

Results

Compared with the <2500 arbitrary unit (AU)/mL category, the 2500–5000, 5000–10 000, and ≥10 000 AU/mL categories had adjusted RRs of 0.81 (95% CI, .61–1.08), 0.51 (95% CI, .36–.72), and 0.41 (95% CI, .31–.54), respectively. The spline function showed a nonlinear relationship between antibody titer and risk.

Conclusions

Higher antibody titers were associated with a lower risk. We demonstrate the usefulness of measuring an antibody titers to determine the appropriate timing for future prevention strategies.

DOI： 10.1093/infdis/jiae207

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.7759/cureus.69212.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/00016489.2024.2389179

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112055

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126156

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：National Center for Global Health and Medicine (JST)  

DOI： 10.35772/ghmo.2023.01018

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.020

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.11.011

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.02.006

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Medical Association  

DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2024-0009

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100659

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

Background

While positive pressure ventilation has been considered an important contributing factor associated with pulmonary air leaks, studies examining the association between specific ventilatory settings during acute-phase high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and pulmonary air leaks among extremely preterm infants are limited.

Methods

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted at an institution that primarily used HFOV after intubation in extremely preterm infants. We analyzed data from extremely preterm infants born between 2010 and 2021. The primary outcome was pulmonary air leakage during the first 7 days of life. The exposure variable was the maximum mean airway pressure (MAP) on HFOV during the first 7 days of life or before the onset of pulmonary air leaks. Maximum MAP was categorized into three groups: low (7–10 cmH₂O), moderate (11–12 cmH₂O), and high (13–15 cmH₂O) MAP categories. We conducted robust Poisson regression analyses after adjustment for perinatal confounders, using the low MAP category as the reference.

Results

The cohort included 171 infants (low MAP, 123; moderate MAP, 27; and high MAP, 21). The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 25.7 (24.3–26.7), 25.7 (24.9–26.9), and 25.3 (24.3–26.6) weeks and 760 (612–878), 756 (648–962), and 734 (578–922) g for infants in the low, moderate, and high MAP categories, respectively. Compared to infants in the low MAP category, those in the high MAP category had a higher incidence of pulmonary air leaks (4.1% vs. 33.3%; adjusted risk ratio, 5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–18.5). In contrast, there was no clear difference in the risk of pulmonary air leaks between the moderate and low MAP categories (3.7% vs. 4.1%; adjusted risk ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–6.1).

Conclusion

Extremely preterm infants requiring high MAP (≥13 cmH₂O) in acute-phase HFOV had a higher risk of pulmonary air leak during the first 7 days of life.

DOI： 10.3389/fped.2024.1410627

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Background

Evidence indicates frailty before intensive care unit (ICU) admission leads to poor outcomes. However, it is unclear whether quality of life (QOL) and activities of daily living (ADL) for survivors of critical illness admitted to the ICU via the emergency department remain consistent or deteriorate in the long-term compared to baseline. This study aimed to evaluate long-term QOL/ADL outcomes in these patients, categorized by the presence or absence of frailty according to Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score, as well as explore factors that influence these outcomes.

Methods

This was a post-hoc analysis of a prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted across Japan. It included survivors aged 65 years or older who were admitted to the ICU through the emergency department. Based on CFS scores, participants were categorized into either the not frail group or the frail group, using a threshold CFS score of < 4. Our primary outcome was patient-centered outcomes (QOL/ADL) measured by the five-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the Barthel Index six months post-ICU admission, comparing results from baseline. Secondary outcomes included exploration of factors associated with QOL/ADL six months post-ICU admission using multiple linear regression analyses.

Results

Of 514 candidates, 390 participants responded to the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, while 237 responded to the Barthel Index. At six months post-admission, mean EQ-5D-5L values declined in both the not frail and frail groups (0.80 to 0.73, p = 0.003 and 0.58 to 0.50, p = 0.002, respectively); Barthel Index scores also declined in both groups (98 to 83, p < 0.001 and 79 to 61, p < 0.001, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that baseline frailty (β coefficient, -0.15; 95% CI, − 0.23 to − 0.07; p < 0.001) and pre-admission EQ-5D-5L scores (β coefficient, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.26; p = 0.016) affected EQ-5D-5L scores at six months. Similarly, baseline frailty (β coefficient, -12.3; 95% CI, − 23.9 to − 0.80; p = 0.036) and Barthel Index scores (β coefficient, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.79; p < 0.001) influenced the Barthel Index score at six months.

Conclusions

Regardless of frailty, older ICU survivors from the emergency department were more likely to experience reduced QOL and ADL six months after ICU admission compared to baseline.

DOI： 10.1186/s12877-024-04881-x

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-024-04881-x/fulltext.html

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.07.003.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Aim

To examine associations between children being born small for gestational age and childhood hospitalisation following term and preterm births.

Methods

This study included 34 564 children from a nationwide population‐based longitudinal survey starting in 2010, comprising 32 603 term births and 1961 preterm births. Children's hospitalisation history was examined during two observational periods, 6–18 and 6–66 months of age. Logistic regression analysis was conducted, adjusting for child and parental confounders, with children born appropriate for gestational age as reference.

Results

Children born small for gestational age were more likely to be hospitalised during early childhood than those born appropriate for gestational age. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for hospitalisation from 6 to 66 months of age was 1.19 (1.05–1.34) in term children born small for gestational age and 1.47 (1.05–2.06) for preterm children born small for gestational age, compared with those born appropriate for gestational age. The risk of hospitalisation from 6 to 66 months of age in children born small for gestational age was observed for bronchitis/pneumonia.

Conclusion

We observed the adverse effects of small for gestational age on hospitalisation during early childhood in both term and preterm births, particularly for bronchitis and pneumonia.

DOI： 10.1111/apa.17032

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Global concern over COVID-19 vaccine distribution disparities highlights the need for strategic booster shots. We explored longitudinal antibody responses post-booster during the Omicron wave in a Japanese cohort, emphasizing prior infection and booster doses. This prospective cohort study included 1763 participants aged 18 years and older with at least three vaccine doses (7376 datapoints). Antibody levels were measured every 2 months. We modeled temporal declines in antibody levels after COVID-19 vaccine boosters according to prior infection status and booster doses using a Bayesian linear mixed-effects interval-censored model, considering age, sex, underlying conditions, and lifestyle. Prior infection enhanced post-booster immunity (posterior median 0.346, 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.335–0.355), maintaining antibody levels (posterior median 0.021; 95% CrI 0.019–0.023) over 1 year, in contrast to uninfected individuals whose levels had waned by 8 months post-vaccination. Each additional booster was correlated with higher baseline antibody levels and slower declines, comparing after the third dose. Female sex, older age, immunosuppressive status, and smoking history were associated with lower baseline post-vaccination antibodies, but not associated with decline rates except for older age in the main model. Prior infection status and tailored, efficient, personalized booster strategies are crucial, considering sex, age, health conditions, and lifestyle.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-024-55245-9

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-55245-9

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Background

The COVID‐19 pandemic has impacted healthcare behaviors, leading to fewer pediatric visits in Japan and potentially fewer visits by adult patients. However, existing Japanese studies on treatment interruptions have generally relied on questionnaire‐based methods. In this study, we assessed the impact of the pandemic on antihypertensive treatment interruption using real‐world prescription data.

Methods

We conducted an interrupted time series analysis using the National Health Insurance Database in Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Participants included individuals aged 40–69 years with at least one antihypertensive prescription between 2018 and 2020. Treatment interruption was defined as a 3‐month or longer gap in prescriptions after medication depletion. We used segmented Poisson regression with models unadjusted and adjusted for seasonality and over‐dispersion to assess monthly treatment interruptions before and after Japan's April 2020 emergency.

Results

During the study period, 23.0% of 55,431 participants experienced treatment interruptions. Cyclical fluctuations in interruptions were observed. The crude analysis indicated a 1.2‐fold increase in treatment interruptions following the pandemic; however, the adjusted models showed no significant changes. Even among higher‐risk groups, such as women, younger adults, and those with shorter prescriptions, no significant alterations were observed.

Conclusion

We found no significant impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on antihypertensive treatment interruption in Okayama Prefecture. The less severe outbreak in the area or increased use of telemedicine and extended prescriptions may have contributed to treatment continuity. Further research is needed using a more stable and comprehensive database, broader regional data, and detailed prescription records to validate and extend our findings.

DOI： 10.1002/jgf2.678

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：BMJ  

Objective

To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic experience on language development among children, we compared language development at 18 months of age, before and during the pandemic in Japan, where strict control measures continued over a long period.

Methods

This was a repeated cross-sectional study and we included children who attended the 18-month health check-up provided by the Okayama City Public Health Center between January 2017 and December 2022 (n=33 484). We compared indicators of language development before (from January 2017 to February 2020) and during (from March 2020 to December 2022) the pandemic. Our primary outcome was the proportion of children who required follow-up for language development by the Public Health Center. The secondary outcome was the proportion of children who could not say three or more meaningful words. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% CIs, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

The prevalence of the primary outcome was 33.5% before the pandemic and 36% during the pandemic. Compared with before the pandemic, increased RRs for the primary and secondary outcomes were observed during the pandemic, with RRs (95% CIs) of 1.09 (1.06–1.13) for the primary outcome and 1.11 (1.05–1.17) for the secondary outcome. Although the statistical interactions were not significant, the RRs were higher for children cared for at home than those in nursery schools and with ≤3 family members than those with ≥4 family members.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased risk of impaired language development in children at 18 months. More extensive support is needed for higher risk families, as well as follow-up of long-term language development in children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

DOI： 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325926

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1038/s41390-023-02993-5

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-023-02993-5

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1186/s12889-023-17499-2

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-023-17499-2/fulltext.html

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Mary Ann Liebert Inc  

DOI： 10.1089/jicm.2023.0077.

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Other Link： https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/jicm.2023.0077

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Hundreds of thousands of people living along the Yatsushiro Sea coast have been exposed to methylmercury from the contaminated water of the Chisso factory in Minamata. The most common neurological disorder caused by methylmercury is somatosensory disturbance, but very few studies have been conducted in the world to determine its pathophysiology and origin, including the Japanese cases, which have produced numerous intoxicated individuals. We have already shown in previous studies the body part where the disorder occurs and that its cause is not peripheral nerve damage but damage to the parietal lobes of the cerebrum. We reanalyzed the results of subjective symptoms, neurological findings, and quantitative sensory measurements in 197 residents (63.2 ± 10.7 years old) from contaminated areas exposed to methylmercury from seafood and 130 residents (63.7 ± 9.3 years old) from control areas, the same subjects as in previous studies, to determine the characteristics of somatosensory disturbance in detail. The most commonly affected sensory modalities were superficial peripheral touch and pain in the extremities, followed by two-point discrimination and deep senses, and in the most severe cases, full-body sensory dysfunction and impairment of all sensory submodalities. The severity of sensory submodalities correlated with each other but not with peripheral nerve conduction test indices, further confirming the correctness of our assertion about the responsible foci of sensory disturbance. The health effects of chronic methylmercury toxicosis can be elucidated by a detailed examination of sensory deficits.

DOI： 10.3390/toxics11121023

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109994.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.08.004.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/66152

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper presents the results of a series of surveys conducted from July 2021 to March 2023 to investigate the post-vaccination adverse reactions to the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine among faculty, staff, and students at Okayama University. These studies complement the official surveys conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) and provide a more representative picture of adverse reactions in the general population including large numbers of healthy young people. Pain, swelling, redness at the injection site, fever, headache, and malaise were the main adverse reactions reported. The proportion of adverse reactions was generally higher after the second vaccination and decreased with each additional vaccination. No statistically significant differences in the adverse reactions were found for males and females and those with/without a history of allergy, but a lower proportion of fever was observed in older participants and those with underlying medical conditions. We also evaluated the association between adverse reactions and antibody titers after the third vaccination and found no significant differences in antibody levels one month after vaccination. This series of studies highlights the importance of conducting surveys in diverse populations to provide a more representative picture of post-vaccination adverse reactions during a pandemic.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/66148

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Systematic reviews (SRs) with complete reporting or rigorous methods can lead to less biased recommendations and decisions. A comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological and reporting characteristics of SRs in orthopedics is lacking. We evaluated 360 SRs, including 165 and 195 published in orthopedic journals in 2012 and 2022. According to the established reporting guidelines, we examined these SRs for key epidemiological characteristics, including focus areas, type of meta-analysis (MA), and reporting characteristics. Most SRs (71%) were therapy-related, with a significant proportion originating from authors in the USA, UK, and China. Pairwise MA was performed on half of the SRs. The proportion of protocol registrations improved by 2022 but remained low (33%). Despite a formal declaration of adherence to the reporting guidelines (68%), they were often not used and reported enough. Only 10% of the studies used full search strategies, including trial registries. Publication bias assessments, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were not even planned. The risk of bias assessment improved in 2022; however, the certainty of the evidence remained largely unassessed (8%). The use and reporting of standard methods in orthopedic SRs have remained suboptimal. Thus, authors, peer reviewers, journal editors, and readers should criticize the results more.

DOI： 10.3390/jcm12227031

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1038/s41390-023-02706-y.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2023-0019.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/65970.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/65971.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between delivery room intubation (DRI) and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), as well as other neonatal outcomes, among extremely preterm infants without low Apgar scores using data from a large-scale neonatal registry data in Japan. We analyzed data for infants born at 24–27 gestational weeks between 2003 and 2019 in Japan using robust Poisson regression. Infants with low Apgar scores (≤ 1 at 1 min or ≤ 3 at 5 min) were excluded. The primary outcome was severe IVH. Secondary outcomes were other neonatal morbidities and mortality. The full cohort included 16,081 infants (intubation cohort, 13,367; no intubation cohort, 2714). The rate of DRI increased over time (78.6%, 2003–2008; 83.4%, 2009–2014; 87.8%, 2015–2019), while the rate of severe IVH decreased (7.1%, 2003–2008; 5.7%, 2009–2014; 5.3%, 2015–2019). Infants with DRI had a higher risk of severe IVH than those without DRI (6.8% vs. 2.3%; adjusted risk ratio, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.33–2.58). The results did not change substantially when stratified by gestational age. Despite conflicting changes over time in DRI and severe IVH, DRI was associated with an increased risk of severe IVH among extremely preterm infants in Japan.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-41010-x

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-41010-x

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Epidemiological Association  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.je20230034

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s00431-023-05062-5.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health problem. Recent studies reported that diabetes and prediabetes are risk factors for developing CKD; however, the exact glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) cut-off value for prediabetes remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between HbA1c levels and subsequent CKD development in greater detail than previous studies. Longitudinal data of annual checkups of 7176 Japanese non-diabetic people (male: 40.4%) from 1998 to 2022 was analyzed. HbA1c values were categorized into < 5.0%, 5.0–5.4%, 5.5–5.9%, and 6.0–6.4%. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m². The descriptive statistics at study entry showed that higher HbA1c values were associated with male, older, overweight or obese, hypertensive, or dyslipidemic people. During a mean follow-up of 7.75 person-years, 2374 participants (male: 40.0%) developed CKD. The Weibull accelerated failure time model was selected because the proportional hazards assumption was violated. The adjusted time ratios of developing CKD for HbA1c levels of 5.5–5.9% and 6.0–6.4% compared with 5.0–5.4% were 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92–1.03) and 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.90–1.13), respectively. There was no association between HbA1c in the prediabetic range and subsequent CKD development.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-40300-8

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-40300-8

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Okayama University Medical School  

DOI： 10.18926/amo/65749

CiNii Books

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1093/fampra/cmad074.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Background

School closures and social distancing may have affected mental health among preadolescent and adolescent children, who are in a social developmental stage. Rates of anxiety, depression, and stress have been reported to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic among teenagers worldwide. However, most studies have measured children's mental health in cross-sectional studies or short-term comparisons before and after lockdowns and school closures, and few studies have tracked the long-term effects on mental health among children and adolescents, despite the pandemic lasting more than 2 years.

Methods

An interrupted time-series analysis was performed for longitudinal changes in the monthly number of new mental disorders (eating disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and somatoform disorders). Using a nationwide multicenter electronic health records database in Japan, we analyzed data of patients aged 9 to 18 years from 45 facilities that provided complete data throughout the study period. The study period covered January 2017 to May 2021, defining a national school closure as an intervention event. We modeled the monthly new diagnoses of each mental disorder using a segmented Poisson regression model.

Results

The number of new diagnoses throughout the study period was 362 for eating disorders, 1104 for schizophrenia, 926 for mood disorders, and 1836 for somatoform disorders. The slope of the regression line in monthly number of new diagnoses increased in the post-pandemic period for all targeted mental disorders (change in slope for eating disorders 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.11; schizophrenia 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07; mood disorders 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07; and somatoform disorders 1.04 95% CI 1.02–1.07). The number of new diagnoses for schizophrenia and mood disorders increased early after school closure; while eating disorders showed an increasing trend several months later. Somatoform disorders showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend. Time trends by sex and age also differed for each mental disorder.

Conclusions

In the post-pandemic period, the number of new cases increased over time for eating disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and somatoform disorders. The timing of increase and trends by sex and age differed for each mental disorder.

DOI： 10.1186/s12889-023-16228-z

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-023-16228-z/fulltext.html

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1177/1357633X231181632.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Background

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is rapidly becoming a common treatment strategy for patients with refractory cardiac arrest. Despite its benefits, ECPR raises a variety of ethical concerns when the treatment is discontinued. There is little information about the decision to withhold/withdraw life-sustaining therapy (WLST) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients after ECPR.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the SAVE-J II study, a retrospective, multicenter study of ECPR in Japan. Adult patients who underwent ECPR for OHCA with medical causes were included. The prevalence, reasons, and timing of WLST decisions were recorded. Outcomes of patients with or without WLST decisions were compared. Further, factors associated with WLST decisions were examined.

Results

We included 1660 patients in the analysis; 510 (30.7%) had WLST decisions. The number of WLST decisions was the highest on the first day and WSLT decisions were made a median of two days after ICU admission. Reasons for WLST were perceived unfavorable neurological prognosis (300/510 [58.8%]), perceived unfavorable cardiac/pulmonary prognosis (105/510 [20.5%]), inability to maintain extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support (71/510 [13.9%]), complications (10/510 [1.9%]), exacerbation of comorbidity before cardiac arrest (7/510 [1.3%]), and others. Patients with WLST had lower 30-day survival (WLST vs. no-WLST: 36/506 [7.1%] vs. 386/1140 [33.8%], p < 0.001). Primary cerebral disorders as cause of cardiac arrest and higher severity of illness at intensive care unit admission were associated with WLST decisions.

Conclusion

For approximately one-third of ECPR/OHCA patients, WLST was decided during admission, mainly because of perceived unfavorable neurological prognoses. Decisions and neurological assessments for ECPR/OHCA patients need further analysis.

DOI： 10.1186/s13054-023-04534-2

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph20126173.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke is suspected to be one of the risks factors that are associated with obesity in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between early childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and the risk of obesity and overweight in Japan. This study utilized a nationwide, population-based longitudinal survey. The participants were restricted to 32 081 children who had available information on maternal smoking history as well as childhood height and weight. We conducted a binomial log-linear regression analysis with children of non-smoking mothers as the reference group. The children with mothers who were smokers had a higher risk of developing obesity or being overweight compared to the children with mothers who were nonsmokers. The risk ratios were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.32) for overweight and 1.17 (95% CI: 0.95-1.44) for obesity. Early exposure to maternal smoking increases the risk of being overweight and having obesity during childhood. The increased risk is more pronounced among children with mothers, smoked heavily, or parents, who were smokers.

DOI： 10.1111/cob.12572

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s13030-023-00278-1.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)  

DOI： 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003206

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2022-0122.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104906

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/65148

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3389/fped.2023.1127053.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1161/JAHA.122.027046.

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Epidemiological Association  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.je20220265

PubMed

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Introduction: It is recommended that users of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) also seek conventional medical care to prevent the loss of access to appropriate medical care. However, the status of such use is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the time trends in the proportion of CAM users who also receive conventional medical care for the same symptoms. Methods: This is a repeated cross-sectional study. Of data for 753,978 respondents to the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions, which was conducted seven times between 1995 and 2013, data from 17,707 individuals who used acupuncture, moxibustion, anma-massage-shiatsu, or judo therapy were analyzed. Cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models with individuals as level 1 and survey year and cohort as level 2 were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (CIs) for combined use of CAM and conventional medical care. Age was entered as an individual-level variable. The period effect after 2003 was entered as a survey year-level variable because the number of eligible persons providing CAM treatments has increased since 2003. Results: Among the 17,707 CAM users, 11,567 (65.3%) were women. When age was entered as an explanatory variable, the results showed that both older men and women tended to receive conventional medical care (women, OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03-1.04; men, OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04). Additional examination of the possible period effect after 2003 showed a positive (although nonsignificant) association (women, OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.89-1.99; men, OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.94-1.91). Conclusions: As patient age increased, patients combined CAM use with conventional medicine. The findings also suggested that the combined use of CAM and conventional medicine has increased since 2003.

DOI： 10.1089/jicm.2022.0631

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.09.012

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

AIM: A number of studies have indicated the potential benefits that breastfeeding has on reducing childhood obesity, but few studies have evaluated the effect on adolescent obesity. We examined the association between breastfeeding and overweight or obesity at 15 years of age using data from a large nationwide longitudinal study launched by the Japanese Government in 2001. METHODS: We analysed data for 26 164 participants with known infant feeding practices at 6 months of age, namely the duration of breastfeeding or formula feeding. Overweight or obesity at 15 years of age were calculated based on the subject's self-reported height and weight. Multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted the data for child factors, namely sex, siblings, birth weight and physical activity clubs and the maternal factors of age, educational attainment and smoking status. RESULTS: Formula feeding was associated with an increased risk of overweight or obesity at 15 years of age. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.99 (0.89-1.09) for partial breastfeeding and 1.23 (1.02-1.48) for formula feeding, when exclusive breastfeeding was the reference category. CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding during infancy had potential benefits for overweight or obesity among 15-year-old adolescents. Our results provide further evidence of the importance of breastfeeding.

DOI： 10.1111/apa.16551

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Background

We sought to investigate the occurrence of adverse reactions in Japanese children aged 6 months to 4 years who received the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine, to examine parental considerations, and to evaluate potential risk factors associated with post‐vaccination fever.

Methods

This cross‐sectional survey study targeted 1617 children aged 6 months to 4 years who received their primary doses of BNT162b2 from November 10, 2022, to April 30, 2023, in Okayama Prefecture. We surveyed the occurrence of local and systemic reactions within 1 week after vaccination, and described the incidence proportions of adverse reactions for 515 participants overall and by age group. The study also examined the impact of previous COVID‐19 infection and co‐administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine on post‐vaccination fever. A survey also assessed parents' reasons for vaccinating their children and the sources of information they used.

Results

Adverse reactions were infrequent (5.2%, with fever ≥37.5°C; no cases exceeded 39°C) and did not increase with vaccine doses administered. The risk of post‐vaccination fever was not statistically associated with a history of COVID‐19—the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) was 0.99, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.41–2.39—but was associated with co‐administration of the seasonal influenza vaccine (aRR 3.24, 95% CI 1.14–9.18). Parental decisions regarding vaccination were influenced by official government guidelines and primary care physicians' opinion.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insight into the safety profile of the BNT162b2 vaccine in Japanese children aged 6 months to 4 years. Further research involving larger cohorts and appropriate control groups is needed.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.15696

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2022.2047584

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3233/AJW230023

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Korean Geriatrics Society  

Background: Frailty is associated with the incidence of disability in older adults; however, few studies have investigated differences in the association of frailty with mild and severe disabilities according to Japanese long-term care insurance certification. This study separately investigated the associations between frailty and the incidence of mild and severe disabilities.Methods: This 3-year retrospective cohort study included community-dwelling adults in Okayama City aged ≥65 years. We assessed frailty status using the Kihon Checklist and defined the outcomes as mild and severe disabilities according to long-term care insurance certifications. We applied multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the association between frailty and the incidence of mild and severe disabilities.Results: The analysis included a total of 36,043 participants. For mild disability, the odds ratios (ORs) comparing frail to robust and prefrail to robust were 3.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.36–4.42) and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.58–2.10), respectively. Similarly, the corresponding ORs for severe disability were 4.35 (95% CI, 3.55–5.34) and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.43–2.21), respectively. In the age-stratified analysis of mild disability, the pre-old group (aged 65–74 years) with frail showed a higher association than the old-age group (aged ≥75 years) with frail. Regarding severe disability, the older group with frailty showed a higher association than the pre-old group with frailty.Conclusion: The results showed that both prefrail and frail were associated with the incidence of mild and severe disabilities, with different patterns of association between the pre-old and old age groups.

DOI： 10.4235/agmr.22.0097

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Other Link： http://www.e-agmr.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.4235/agmr.22.0097

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20220210

PubMed

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.09.024

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Amid the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, we aimed to demonstrate the accuracy of the fingertip whole blood sampling test (FWT) in measuring the antibody titer and uncovering its dynamics shortly after booster vaccination. Mokobio SARS-CoV-2 IgM & IgG Quantum Dot immunoassay (Mokobio Biotechnology R&D Center Inc., MD, USA) was used as a point-of-care FWT in 226 health care workers (HCWs) who had received two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) at least 8 months prior. Each participant tested their antibody titers before and after the third-dose booster up to 14-days. The effect of the booster was observed as early as the fourth day after vaccination, which exceeded the detection limit (> 30,000 U/mL) by 2.3% on the fifth day, 12.2% on the sixth day, and 22.5% after the seventh day. Significant positive correlations were observed between the pre- and post-vaccination (the seventh and eighth days) antibody titers (correlation coefficient, 0.405; p < 0.001). FWT is useful for examining antibody titers as a point-of-care test. Rapid response of antibody titer started as early as the fourth day post-vaccination, while the presence of weak responders to BNT162b2 vaccine was indicated.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-022-24464-3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

Abstract

Objectives

The Glasgow‐Blatchford score (GBS) is a widely used risk assessment tool for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, it only identifies a relatively low proportion of patients at low risk for adverse events and poor outcomes. We developed a simple diagnostic algorithm combining the GBS and nasogastric aspirate and evaluated its diagnostic performance.

Methods

A total of 115 consecutive patients with suspected nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding who underwent nasogastric tube placement and upper endoscopy at our emergency department were prospectively evaluated. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of the GBS and our algorithm for predicting high‐risk endoscopic lesions (HRELs) using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Thirty‐five patients had HRELs. Compared with the GBS, our algorithm showed superior performance with respect to the prediction of HRELs (area under the curve, 0.639 and 0.854, respectively; p &lt; 0.001). With set optimal threshold values, the algorithm identified a significantly higher proportion of patients who did not have HRELs than the GBS (23.5% vs. 2.6%, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions

The novel algorithm has improved the diagnostic performance of the GBS and predicted more patients who did not have HRELs than the GBS alone. After further validation, it may be a useful tool for making clinical management decisions for patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

DOI： 10.1002/deo2.185

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/deo2.185

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.07.002

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.07.007

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Background

Since 1996, many studies have reported that periodontal disease during pregnancy may be a risk factor for preterm birth and low birth weight; however, in Africa, periodontal disease is considered a non-high-priority disease. In addition, there are few dental facilities in rural Rwanda; thus, the oral condition of pregnant women has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the tooth brushing habits of pregnant women in rural Rwanda and evaluate whether periodontal bacteria in the oral cavity of pregnant women are related to birth outcomes or oral cleaning habits.

Methods

A questionnaire survey and saliva collection were conducted for pregnant women in the catchment area population of Mibilizi Hospital located in the western part of Rwanda. Real-time PCR was performed to quantitatively detect total bacteria and 4 species of periodontal bacteria. The relationship of the copy number of each bacterium and birth outcomes or oral cleaning habits was statistically analyzed.

Results

Among the participants, high copy numbers of total bacteria, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were correlated with lower birth weight (p = 0.0032, 0.0212, 0.0288, respectively). The sex ratio at birth was higher in women who had high copy numbers of Porphyromonas gingivalis and T. denticola during pregnancy (p = 0.0268, 0.0043). Furthermore, regarding the correlation between oral cleaning habits and the amount of bacteria, the more frequently teeth were brushed, the lower the level of P. gingivalis (p = 0.0061); the more frequently the brush was replaced, the lower the levels of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia (p = 0.0153, 0.0029).

Conclusions

This study suggested that improving tooth brushing habits may reduce the risk of periodontal disease among pregnant women in rural Rwanda. It also indicated that the amount of bacteria is associated with various birth outcomes according to the bacterial species. Both access to dental clinics and the oral cleaning habits of pregnant women should be important considerations in efforts to alleviate reproductive-related outcomes in rural Africa.

DOI： 10.1186/s12903-022-02443-4

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12903-022-02443-4/fulltext.html

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Research Square Platform LLC  

Abstract

BackgroundThe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease burden is significant, especially in infants and patients with an underlying disease, and prophylaxis with palivizumab is recommended for these high-risk groups. Early recognition of a RSV epidemic is important for timely administration of palivizumab. We herein aimed to assess the correlation between national surveillance and Google Trends data pertaining to RSV infections in Japan.MethodsThe retrospective survey was performed between January 1, 2018, and November 14, 2021, and evaluated the correlation of national surveillance and Google Trends data. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the data to evaluate the points at which changes in trends occurred. ResultsAs a result, a strong correlation was observed every study year (2018 [r=0.87, p&lt;0.01], 2019 [r=0.83, p&lt;0.01], 2020 [r=0.83, p&lt;0.01], and 2021 [r=0.96, p&lt;0.01]). The change-points in the Google Trends data indicating the start of the RSV epidemic in 2018 and 2021 were observed earlier than by sentinel surveillance and in 2019 and 2020 simultaneously with sentinel surveillance.ConclusionsOur data suggested that Google Trends has the potential to enable early identification of the RSV epidemic. In countries without a national surveillance system, Google Trends may serve as an alternative early warning system.

DOI： 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1332314/v1

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Other Link： https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1332314/v1.html

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Failed internal fixations for trochanteric fractures have a strong negative impact owing to increased postoperative mortality and high medical costs. However, evidence on the prognostic value of postoperative radiographic findings for failed internal fixations is limited. We aimed to clarify the association between comprehensive immediate postoperative radiographic findings and failed internal fixation using relative and absolute risk measures. We followed the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines and the Cochrane handbook. We searched specific databases in November 2021. The outcomes of interest were failed internal fixation and cut-out. We pooled the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model and calculated the number needed to harm for each outcome. Thirty-six studies involving 8938 patients were included. The certainty of evidence in the association between postoperative radiographic findings and failed internal fixation or cut-out was mainly low or very low except for the association between intramedullary malreduction on the anteromedial cortex and failed internal fixation. Moderate certainty of evidence supported that intramedullary malreduction on the anteromedial cortex was associated with failed internal fixation. Most postoperative radiographic findings on immediate postoperative radiographs for trochanteric fractures were uncertain as prognostic factors for failed internal fixations.

DOI： 10.3390/jcm11164879

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)  

Abstract

Background

Patients with pneumoconiosis, such as silicosis and asbestosis, have a high risk of lung cancer. However, whether these patients are at high risk for neoplasms other than lung cancer and mesothelioma remains inconclusive.

Aims

To examine whether patients with pneumoconiosis have a higher incidence of malignant neoplasms other than lung cancer.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study using the medical records of patients with pneumoconiosis who visited our two hospitals from 1 January 1991 through 31 December 2017. We identified the occurrence of malignant neoplasms and calculated the incidences and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) compared with those of the general population.

Results

One hundred and seventy patients with pneumoconiosis (163 men, 7 women) including 142 patients with silicosis, 24 with asbestosis and 4 with pneumoconiosis were identified. The mean age was 66.8 years. The proportion of smokers was 79%. Forty-seven malignant neoplasms occurred. Most malignant neoplasms were lung cancer (n = 22), while some were digestive cancers such as gastric cancer (n = 9), oesophageal cancer (n = 3) and colorectal cancer (n = 3). Participants presented increased risks for lung cancer (SIR: 10.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.15–16.49), gastric cancer (SIR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.22–5.35) and oesophageal cancer (SIR: 5.78, 95% CI: 1.86–17.92).

Conclusions

Compared with the general population, patients with pneumoconiosis had an increased risk of malignant neoplasms of the digestive system in addition to lung cancer. Clinicians should consider testing for digestive system cancers as well as for lung cancers in these patients.

DOI： 10.1093/occmed/kqac011

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BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that preterm birth increased the risk for hospital admissions in infancy and childhood due to some acute diseases. However, the risk of preterm children developing Kawasaki disease remains unknown. In the present study, we investigate whether preterm birth increased the morbidity of Kawasaki disease. METHODS: We included 36,885 (34,880 term and 2005 preterm) children born in 2010 in Japan. We examined the association between preterm birth and hospitalization due to Kawasaki disease using a large nationwide survey in Japan. RESULTS: In log-linear regression models that were adjusted for children's characteristics (sex, singleton birth, and parity), parental characteristics (maternal age, maternal smoking, paternal smoking, maternal education, and paternal income), and residential area, preterm infants were more likely to be hospitalized due to Kawasaki disease (adjusted risk ratio: 1·55, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.39). We then examined whether breastfeeding status modified the potential adverse effects of preterm birth on health outcome. Preterm infants with partial breastfeeding or formula feeding had a significantly higher risk of hospitalization due to Kawasaki disease compared with term infants with exclusive breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm infants were at a high risk for Kawasaki disease, and exclusive breastfeeding might prevent this disease among preterm infants. IMPACT: Previous studies showed that preterm birth increased the risk for hospital admissions in infancy and childhood due to some acute diseases, however, the risk of preterm children developing Kawasaki disease remains unknown. This Japanese large population-based study showed that preterm infants were at a high risk for Kawasaki disease for the first time. Furthermore, this study suggested that exclusively breastfeeding might prevent Kawasaki disease among preterm infants.

DOI： 10.1038/s41390-021-01780-4

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BACKGROUND: Children born preterm may be less physically active than children born term because of neurocognitive problems, reduced lung function, and poor physical fitness. We evaluated sports participation of children and adolescents who had been born preterm (<37 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) in 2001. METHODS: Data from a nationwide longitudinal survey (n = 47,015, including 2375 children born preterm) were analyzed. As indicators of sports participation, we used responses to questions about participation in sports clubs at 7 and 10 years old and in extracurricular school sports at 15 years old. RESULTS: Children born very preterm (25-31 weeks) and moderately to late preterm (32-36 weeks) were less likely to participate in sports clubs at 7, 10, and 15 years old than children born full term (39-41 weeks). Compared with children born full term, the adjusted risk ratios for participation in extracurricular school sports at 15 years old were 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.98) for children born very preterm, 0.92 (0.88-0.97) for children born moderately to late preterm, and 1.00 (0.98-1.02) for children born early term. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that preterm birth is associated with less participation in organized sports during childhood and adolescence than full-term birth. IMPACT: Research investigating associations between preterm birth and physical activity among children born in the 2000s is limited. This study shows that preterm birth was associated with less participation in organized sports during childhood and adolescence than full-term birth, especially in boys, and the participation in organized sports of children born preterm decreased as gestation shortened. During childhood, boys born early term were also less likely to participate in organized sports than boys born full term, suggesting a continuum with preterm births. These findings offer important additional insights into the limited evidence available for predicting future health outcomes for preterm infants.

DOI： 10.1038/s41390-021-01808-9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1007/s00431-022-04501-z

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00431-022-04501-z/fulltext.html

Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/63903.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/63893

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.05.017

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：National Center for Global Health and Medicine (JST)  

DOI： 10.35772/ghm.2021.01125

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.01.028

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

Background

Many epidemiological studies have reported the association between exposure to particulate matter and mortality, but long-term prospective studies from Asian populations are sparse. Furthermore, associations at low levels of air pollution are not well clarified. Here, we evaluated associations between long-term exposure to particulate matter &lt;2.5 µg/m³ (PM_2.5) and mortality in a Japanese cohort with a relatively low exposure level.

Methods

The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) is a prospective cohort study of men and women aged 40-69 years in 1990 who were followed up through 2013 for mortality. In this cohort of 87,385 subjects who did not move residence during follow-up, average PM_2.5 levels from 1998 to 2013 by linkage with 1-km² grids of PM_2.5 concentration were assigned to the residential addresses of all participants. To avoid exposure misclassification, we additionally evaluated the association between 5-year (1998-2002) cumulative exposure level and mortality during the follow-up period from 2003 to 2013 in 79,078 subjects. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the association of long-term exposure to PM_2.5 on mortality, with adjustment for several individual confounding factors.

Results

Average PM_2.5 was 11.6 µg/m³. Average PM_2.5 exposure was not associated with all-cause mortality or cancer and respiratory disease mortality. However, average PM_2.5 was positively associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio (HR) of 1.23 (95%CI=1.08-1.40) per 1-µg/m³ increase; in particular, HR in mortality from cerebrovascular disease was 1.34 (95%CI=1.11-1.61) per 1-µg/m³ increase. Additionally, these results using cumulative 5-year PM_2.5 data were similar to those using average PM_2.5 over 15 years.

Conclusions

We found evidence for a positive association between PM_2.5 exposure and mortality from cardiovascular disease in a Japanese population, even in an area with relatively low-level air pollution.

DOI： 10.1186/s12889-022-12829-2

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Previous studies have not assessed the causal effect of the Olympic Games on the spread of pandemics. Using the synthetic control method and the national public city data in Japan recorded from February to September 2021, we estimated the causal effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. The difference between the number of COVID-19 cases in Tokyo and a counterfactual “synthetic Tokyo” (created using synthetic control method) after the opening of the Tokyo 2020 Games (23 July 2021) widened gradually and then considerably over time. It was predicted that the Tokyo 2020 Games increased the number of COVID-19 cases in Tokyo by approximately 469.4 per 100,000 population from the opening of the event to 30 September. However, sensitivity analysis of the ratio of the pre- and post-game root mean square prediction errors using regression weights did not suggest robustness. Our results showed that the Tokyo 2020 Games probably increased the number of COVID-19 cases even under preventive regulations; however, the extent of this increase was difficult to estimate clearly due to an overlap with the fifth wave associated with the Delta variant.

DOI： 10.3390/jpm12020209

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Fuji Technology Press Ltd.  

COVID-19 has been prevalent worldwide since 2019. Increasing COVID-19 vaccination coverage is an important measure to combat the disease. An online survey was conducted with university students and personnel who were vaccinated against COVID-19 at a mass vaccination event to examine the factors promoting vaccination among young adults. The online survey was conducted with persons vaccinated at Okayama University from June 5 to September 27, 2021. Although the number of those who had fever &gt;37.5°C increased after the second vaccination compared to the first, the vaccinated persons got more satisfied after the second shot.

DOI： 10.20965/jdr.2022.p0021

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Medical Association  

DOI： 10.31662/jmaj.2021-0075

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BACKGROUND: Preschool children in Asian countries, including Japan, sleep for a shorter duration at night than those in Europe and the USA. We examined the effects of the nighttime sleep duration on behavioral development in early childhood in Japan. METHODS: We used data from a large Japanese nationwide, population-based, longitudinal survey that began in 2001. We restricted the study participants to children born after 37 gestational weeks, with a birth weight ≥ 2500 g and singleton births (n = 41 890). The nighttime sleep duration was examined at 2.5 years old. Responses to survey questions regarding age-appropriate behavior at 5.5 years old were used as indicators of behavioral development. We conducted logistic regression analyses with adjustment for confounding factors, with ≥11 h of nighttime sleep as the reference group. RESULTS: The odds ratios for children who had ≤9 h of nighttime sleep, which was associated with being unable to listen with fidgeting and being unable to remain patient, were 1.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.39) and 1.27 (1.16-1.38), respectively. Children who had an irregular nighttime sleep duration were associated with age-appropriate behavioral inabilities. These results were similar in children who usually and sometimes took naps to those before stratification by the frequency of napping. CONCLUSION: A short nighttime sleep duration especially affects hyperactivity and impulsivity. An irregular nighttime sleep duration increases the inability to perform overall age-appropriate behaviors more than a short sleep duration. Ensuring a regular and sufficient nighttime sleep duration in early childhood is important for healthy behavioral development.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.15354

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Purpose: To perform a systematic review on the association between alcohol consumption and risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using a meta-analytical approach.Method: Systematic literature research was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Both categorical and dose-response meta-analysis was performed separately for early and late AMD. A fixed-effect model was used to calculate pooled effect estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI).Result: Seven studies were included in the analysis with 4,566 and 440 cases of early and late AMD, respectively. Compared to the nondrinkers or occasional drinkers, the pooled effect estimates for early AMD with moderate (1.19, 95% CI [1.03-1.37]) and heavy (1.24, [1.10-1.39]) alcohol consumption, but not light (0.95, [0.90-1.06]) alcohol consumption, were statistically significant. However, the pooled effect estimates for late AMD with light (1.03, [0.79-1.33]), moderate (1.13, [0.83-1.55]), and heavy (0.98, [0.63-1.53]) alcohol consumption were found to be insignificant. A linear dose-response relationship was established (P < .05) between alcohol consumption and risk of early AMD, and the pooled effect estimate for an increase in alcohol consumption of 10 g/day was 1.14 (1.08-1.21).Conclusion: Moderate and heavy alcohol consumption could increase the risk of early AMD, but not late AMD, with a linear dose-response relationship.

DOI： 10.1080/02713683.2021.1942070

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To investigate the dynamics of body mass index (BMI) and height changes in childhood leading to obesity in adolescents. BMI Z-scores were calculated using the LMS (lambda-mu-sigma) method based on yearly height and weight information (age 1.5-15 years) from a nationwide Japanese birth cohort that started in 2001 (n = 26,711). We delineated the trajectories of BMI and height changes leading to obesity at age 15 years using mixed effect models. Children who became obese at the age of 15 years kept relatively high BMI z-scores through childhood for both genders, and had an increasing trend over time as opposed to the normal weight group, with an increasing slope during puberty. Early adiposity rebound was associated with overweight or obesity at the age of 15 years. Age at peak height velocity (APHV) occurred earlier in the obese/overweight group at age 15 years than in the normal weight group, and occurred later in the underweight group. Obese adolescents experienced early adiposity rebound timing and maintained a serial BMI z-score increase throughout childhood, with a greater slope at puberty. An earlier peak in height gain during puberty may have contributed to the observed patterns of BMI change.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-02464-z

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The incidence of allergic diseases is increasing, and research on their epidemiology, pathophysiology, and the prevention of onset is urgently needed. The onset of allergic disease begins in infancy with atopic dermatitis and food allergy and develops into allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood; the process is defined as "atopic march". Atopic march is caused by multiple immunological pathways, including allergen exposure, environmental pollutants, skin barrier dysfunction, type 2 inflammation, and oxidative stress, which promote the progression of atopic march. Using recent evidence, herein, we explain the involvement of allergic inflammatory conditions and oxidative stress in the process of atopic march, its epidemiology, and methods for prevention of onset.

DOI： 10.3390/children8111067

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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We examined the association between early childhood exposure to maternal smoking and behavioral issues at 8 years old using a large nationwide population-based longitudinal survey in Japan that began in 2001. We included 46,737 children with information about maternal smoking taken from the 6-month survey. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the hypothesis. Early childhood exposure to maternal smoking increased the risk of behavioral problems related to attention and aggressive or disruptive behavior. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.37 (1.22-1.54) for inability to wait their turn during play and 1.40 (1.27-1.55) for destroying toys and, compared with children of nonsmoking mothers. Children of mothers who were heavy smokers were more likely to develop behavioral problems than others. Stopping early childhood exposure to maternal exposure can protect children's neurodevelopment.

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2021.1972278

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

<title>Abstract</title>
<sec>
<title>Introduction</title>
The Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) commonly intubates patients who require advanced airway support prior to takeoff. In-flight intubation (IFI) is avoided because it is considered difficult due to limited space, difficulty communicating, and vibration in flight. However, IFI may shorten the total prehospital time. We tested whether IFI can be performed safely by the HEMS.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adult patients transported from 2010 to 2017 who received prehospital, non-emergent intubation from a single HEMS. We divided the cohort in two groups, patients intubated during flight (flight group, FG) and patients intubated before takeoff (ground group, GG). The primary outcome was the proportion of successful intubations. Secondary outcomes included total prehospital time and the incidence of complications.


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
We analyzed 376 patients transported during the study period, 192 patients in the FG and 184 patients in the GG. The intubation success rate did not differ between the two groups (FG 189/192 [98.4%] vs. GG 179/184 [97.3%], <italic>p</italic> = 0.50). There were also no differences in hypoxia (FG 4/117 [3.4%] vs. GG 4/95 [4.2%], <italic>p</italic> = 1.00) or hypotension (FG 6/117 [5.1%] vs. GG 5/95 [5.3%], <italic>p</italic> = 1.00) between the two groups. Scene time and total prehospital time were shorter in the FG (scene time 7 min vs. 14 min, <italic>p</italic> &lt;  0.001; total prehospital time 33.5 min vs. 40.0 min, <italic>p</italic> &lt;  0.001).


</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
IFI was safely performed with high success rates, similar to intubation on the ground, without increasing the risk of hypoxia or hypotension. IFI by experienced providers shortened transportation time, which may improve patient outcomes.


</sec>

DOI： 10.1186/s13049-020-00784-z

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Other Link： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-020-00784-z/fulltext.html

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.075

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140465

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.07.062

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Mary Ann Liebert Inc  

DOI： 10.1089/bfm.2020.0064

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Other Link： https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/bfm.2020.0064

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The importance of centralizing treatment services for severely ill children has been well established, but such entralization remains difficult in Japan. We aimed to compare the trauma and illness severity and mortality of children admitted to two common types of ICUs for children. According to the type of management and disposition of the medical provider, we classified ICUs as pediatric ICUs [PICUs] or general ICUs, and analyzed differences in endogenous and exogenous illness settings between them. Overall, 1,333 pediatric patients were included, with 1,143 patients admitted to PICUs and 190 patients to general ICUs. The Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score (PCPC) at discharge was significantly lower in the PICU group (adjusted OR: 0.45; 95%CI: 0.23-0.88). Death and unfavorable neurological outcomes occurred less often in the PICU group (adjusted OR: 0.29; 95%CI: 0.14-0.60). However, when limited to exogenous illness, PCPC scores (adjusted OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.07-1.99) or death/unfavorable outcomes (adjusted OR: 0.72; 95%CI: 0.08-6.34) did not differ between the groups. PCPC deterioration and overall sequelae/death rates were lower in PICUs for children with endogenous illnesses, although the outcomes of exogenous illness were similar between the 2 unit types. Further studies on the necessity of centralization are warranted.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/60365

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.05.007

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105603

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

The “national meeting effect” refers to worse patient outcomes when medical professionals attend academic meetings and hospitals have reduced staffing. The aim of this study was to examine differences in outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) admitted during, before, and after meeting days according to meeting location and considering regional variation of outcomes, which has not been investigated in previous studies. Using data from a nationwide, prospective, population-based, observational study in Japan, we analyzed adult OHCA patients who underwent resuscitation attempts between 2011 and 2015. Favorable one-month neurological outcomes were compared among patients admitted during the relevant annual meeting dates of three national scientific societies, those admitted on identical days the week before, and those one week after the meeting dates. We developed a multivariate logistic regression model after adjusting for confounding factors, including meeting location and regional variation (better vs. worse outcome areas), using the “during meeting days” group as the reference. A total of 40,849 patients were included in the study, with 14,490, 13,518, and 12,841 patients hospitalized during, before, and after meeting days, respectively. The rates of favorable neurological outcomes during, before, and after meeting days was 1.7, 1.6, and 1.8%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, favorable neurological outcomes did not differ among the three groups (adjusted OR (95% CI) of the before and after meeting dates groups was 1.03 (0.83–1.28) and 1.01 (0.81–1.26), respectively. The “national meeting effect” did not exist in OHCA patients in Japan, even after comparing data during, before, and after meeting dates and considering meeting location and regional variation.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph16245130

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DOI： 10.1186/s12873-019-0282-x

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DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20190089

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DOI： 10.1016/j.alit.2019.08.007

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DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2019.1631245

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)  

DOI： 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000051

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the catch-up growth of preterm, SGA children and their behavioral development. METHODS: We analyzed data from a large Japanese, nationwide, population-based, longitudinal survey that started in 2001. We restricted the study participants to preterm children with information on height at 2 years of age (n = 1667). Catch-up growth for SGA infants was defined as achieving a height at 2 years of age above -2.0 standard deviations for chronological age. We then used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations of SGA/catch-up status with neurobehavioral development both at 5.5 and 8 years of age, adjusting for potential infant- and parent-related confounding factors. RESULTS: Twenty-six percent of preterm SGA infants failed to catch up. SGA children without catch-up growth were more likely to be unable to listen without fidgeting (OR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.06-5.93) and unable to focus on one task (OR 2.66, 95% CI: 1.09-6.48) compared with non-SGA children at 5.5 years of age. Furthermore, SGA children without catch-up growth were at significant risk for inattention at 8 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: SGA infants with poor postnatal growth were at risk for attention problems throughout preschool-age to school-age among preterm infants. Early detection and intervention for attention problems among these infants is warranted.

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.12.004

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Authorship：Last author  

DOI： 10.3390/toxics7020022

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Authorship：Last author  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001554

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Language：English  

Sedatives are administered during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy to ensure patient safety, reduce the metabolic rate and correct the oxygen supply-demand balance. However, the concentrations of sedatives can be decreased due to absorption into the circuit. This study examined factors affecting the absorption of a commonly used sedative, midazolam (MDZ). Using multiple ex vivo simulation models, three factors that may influence MDZ levels in the ECMO circuit were examined: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing in the circuit, use of a membrane oxygenator in the circuit, and heparin coating of the circuit. We also assessed changes in drug concentration when MDZ was re-injected in a circuit. The MDZ level decreased to approximately 60% of the initial concentration in simulated circuits within the first 30 minutes. The strongest factor in this phenomenon was contact with the PVC tubing. Membrane oxygenator use tended to increase MDZ loss, whereas heparin circuit coating had no influence on MDZ absorption. Similar results were obtained when a second dose of MDZ was injected to the second-use circuits.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56645

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Authorship：Lead author  

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20180126

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DOI： 10.1111/apa.14507

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Authorship：Lead author  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.194

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of multiple births has recently increased. However, the association between gestational age and long-term morbidity among twins remains unclear. AIMS: To examine the association of gestational age with child health and neurological development in early childhood among twins. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based longitudinal study. SUBJECTS: We included 947 children from 479 pairs of twins with information on gestational age. OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalization was used as an indicator of physical health, and responses to questions about age-appropriate behaviors were used as an indicator of neurobehavioral development. We conducted binomial log-linear regression analyses, controlling for both child and maternal variables in the model. We accounted for correlations within the pairs with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The early term group (i.e., 37 to 38 weeks of gestation) had a lower risk of poor child health and unfavorable neurodevelopment compared with the full term group (≥39 weeks of gestation) and preterm group (<37 weeks of gestation). Compared with the early term group, the adjusted risk ratios for hospitalization for all causes during the period from 7 to 18 months of age was 2.2 (95% confidence interval: 1.3-3.8) for very preterm children (<32 weeks of gestation), 1.1 (0.8-1.6) for moderately and late preterm children (32 to 36 weeks of gestation), and 1.8 (1.0-3.2) for full term children. CONCLUSION: We observed a U-shaped association of gestational age with child health and neurodevelopment. The early term group had the lowest risk of poor outcomes among twins.

DOI： 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.11.005

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DOI： 10.1186/s40560-019-0392-2

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DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0207049

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Authorship：Lead author  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2018.1434474

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.047

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DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2018.1535481

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

School absenteeism, particularly among junior high school students, has increased annually in Japan. This study demonstrates the relationship between subjective adjustment to school life and students’ absenteeism. Data were collected from 17,378 junior high school students in Japan. A longitudinal design was used for the study. Teachers were asked to distribute the Adaptation Scale for School Environments on Six Spheres (ASSESS) questionnaire to junior high school students and ask the students to fill out the questionnaire at the beginning of the 2014 academic year in April 2014, and the relationship between their subjective adjustment and absenteeism as measured by the total number of absent days during the 2014 academic year was evaluated by logistic regression and a survival analysis model. Low life satisfaction was associated with absences. The corresponding odds ratio (OR) was higher for seventh graders (OR 3.29, confidence interval (CI): 2.41–4.48, hazard ratio (HR) 5.57, CI: 3.51–8.84) than for students in other grades. Interpersonal relationships were significantly related to absenteeism for seventh and eighth graders in the group with scores less than 39 points. Lower adjustment to learning seemed to be related to absenteeism for seventh and eighth graders. For effective interventions, a well-designed study that uses detailed information regarding life-related covariates is necessary.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph15102309

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate whether the results of an intelligence test at preschool age are predictive of reading difficulty (RD) at school age among very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). METHODS: Subjects were 48 Japanese children whose birth weight was <1500 g and who regularly visited a follow-up clinic. All subjects completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-III) during the last grade of kindergarten, and four reading tasks during the second to fourth grade of elementary school. All participants had a full-scale intelligence quotient score of 85 or higher. Subjects with a standard deviation reading time score greater than 2.0 in two or more tasks were considered to have RD. We evaluated the associations between each WISC-III score and RD using logistic regression analyses. Furthermore, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine a cutoff WISC-III score predictive of RD. RESULTS: In the mutually-adjusted model, the adjusted odds ratio per 1 score increase of freedom from distractibility (FD) was 0.832 (95% confidence interval: 0.720-0.962). In the ROC analysis, an FD score of <95.5 was chosen as the cutoff value for predicting RD (sensitivity, 0.77; specificity, 0.74). CONCLUSION: The present study indicated that a lower FD score at preschool age, which was associated with deficits in verbal working memory and attention, is a risk factor for RD at school age among Japanese VLBWI. Further investigation is desired to clarify the cognitive deficits underlying RD in Japanese-speaking preterm children, and to establish appropriate interventions for these children.

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.05.002

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2017.1343238

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ntt.2018.08.001

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.334

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DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56170

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/apa.14255

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

In 1956 methylmercury poisoning, known as Minamata disease, was discovered among the inhabitants around the Shiranui Sea, Kyushu, Japan. Although about five hundred thousand people living in the area had supposedly been exposed to methylmercury, administrative agencies and research institutes had not performed any subsequent large scale, continuous health examination, so the actual extent of the negative health effects was not clearly documented. In 2009, we performed health surveys in order to examine residents in the polluted area and to research the extent of the polluted area and period of pollution. We analyzed data collected on 973 people (age = 62.3 ± 11.7) who had lived in the polluted area and had eaten the fish there and a control group, consisting of 142 persons (age = 62.0 ± 10.5), most of whom had not lived in the polluted area. Symptoms and neurological signs were statistically more prevalent in the four groups than in the control group and were more prevalent and severe in those who had eaten most fish. The patterns of positive findings of symptoms and neurological findings in the four groups were similar. Our data indicates that Minamata disease had spread outside of the central area and could still be observed recently, almost 50 years after the Chisso Company’s factory had halted the dumping of mercury polluted waste water back in 1968.

DOI： 10.3390/toxics6030039

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Authorship：Last author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Paris Scholar Publishing  

DOI： 10.14485/hbpr.5.3.6

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/cea.13100

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2017.1297762

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：BMJ  

<sec><title>Objective</title>We tested whether Cushing’s sign could predict severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring immediate neurosurgical intervention (BI-NSI) in children after blunt trauma.

</sec><sec><title>Design</title>Retrospective cohort study using Japan Trauma Data Bank.

</sec><sec><title>Setting</title>Emergency and critical care centres in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Japan.

</sec><sec><title>Participants</title>Children between the ages of 2 and 15 years with Glasgow Coma Scale motor scores of 5 or less at presentation after blunt trauma from 2004 to 2015 were included. A total of 1480 paediatric patients were analysed.

</sec><sec><title>Primary outcome measures</title>Patients requiring neurosurgical intervention within 24 hours of hospital arrival and patients who died due to isolated severe TBI were defined as BI-NSI. The combination of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) on arrival, which were respectively divided into tertiles, and its correlation with BI-NSI were investigated using a multiple logistic regression model.

</sec><sec><title>Results</title>In the study cohort, 297 (20.1%) exhibited BI-NSI. After adjusting for sex, age category and with or without haemorrhage shock, groups with higher SBP and lower HR (SBP ≥135 mm Hg; HR ≤92 bpm) were significantly associated with BI-NSI (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.68 to 4.80, P&lt;0.001) compared with the patients with normal vital signs. In age-specific analysis, hypertension and bradycardia were significantly associated with BI-NSI in a group of 7–10 and 11–15 years of age; however, no significant association was observed in a group of 2–6 years of age.

</sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title>Cushing’s sign after blunt trauma was significantly associated with BI-NSI in school-age children and young adolescents.

</sec>

DOI： 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020781

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.012

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.11.011

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.09.002

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.060

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)  

DOI： 10.1097/ede.0000000000000700

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)  

DOI： 10.1093/pubmed/fdw050

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/ggi.12851

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1111/ped.13259

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.002

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Public Library of Science (PLoS)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0172544

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.016

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.08.007

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2016.1255582

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000546

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s10995-016-2031-z

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Language：English  

DOI： 10.1136/jech-2015-207005

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1542/peds.2015-3919

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2015.12.013

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DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.211

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s00420-015-1103-5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/archdischild-2015-309272

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DOI： 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.3.353

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.063

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier Inc.  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.12.001

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000361

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1089/acm.2015.0018

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.113

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2015.1080153

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DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2015.1084261

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2014.904268

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s10995-015-1703-4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1017/S1368980014002407

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000485

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0129423

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVE: Behavioral problems are often associated with poor sleep habits in children. We investigated whether undesirable toddler-age sleep schedules may be related to school-age behavioral problems. METHODS: We analyzed the data of a nationwide longitudinal survey with available results from 2001 to 2011. The participants were 41,890 children. The predictors were waking time and bedtime at 2years of age, and the outcomes were assessed by determining the presence or absence of three attention problems and four aggressiveness problems at 8years of age. In logistic regression models with adjustments for confounding factors, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between toddler sleep schedules and behavior during primary-school age years. RESULTS: The outcomes of attention problems and aggressiveness problems were observed in 1.7% and 1.2% of children, respectively, at 8years of age. The OR of an irregular or late morning waking time at 2years of age with the outcome of aggressiveness problems was 1.52 (95% CI, 1.04-2.22) in comparison to an early waking time. The OR of an irregular or late bedtime with attention problems was 1.62 (95% CI, 1.12-2.36), and the OR of an irregular or late bedtime with aggressiveness problems was 1.81 (95% CI, 1.19-2.77) in comparison to an early bedtime. CONCLUSION: Poor toddler-age sleep schedules were found to predict behavioral problems during primary-school age years. Thus, good and regular sleep habits appear to be important for young children's healthy development.

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.10.004

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s00420-014-0966-1

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.077

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2014.09.003

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006982

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Lippincott Williams and Wilkins  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000334

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1186/1476-069x-13-67

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Other Link： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1476-069X-13-67/fulltext.html

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Lippincott Williams and Wilkins  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000274

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Elsevier  

DOI： 10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00038-5

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Language：English  

BACKGROUND: In industrializing countries, occupational safety and health have been affected by globalization. However, a lack of reliable data prevents evaluation of this situation. Therefore, we examined industrial distributions and risks of severe occupational injuries among workers in Thailand, which is one of the few industrializing countries that compiles nationwide data. METHODS: Data on workers who made claims for occupational injuries from 2007 to 2009 were extracted from the Workmen's Compensation Fund records in Thailand. Among 501,334 claimants, we evaluated the industrial distributions of severe occupational injuries (i.e., permanent disability and death). We then examined the associations between industry and those injuries, using proportionate ratios (PRs) between each industrial category and the overall distribution of occupational injuries. RESULTS: The number of workers in manufacturing making claims for severe occupational injuries was the largest among all industrial categories (319,114/501,334 injuries), although the total number of occupational injuries recently declined. Additionally, workers in manufacturing experienced severe occupational injuries more often compared with the overall distribution of occupational injuries. The PRs (95% confidence interval) for manufacturing were 1.17 (1.14-1.20) in men and 1.33 (1.27-1.38) in women. After adjusting for individual characteristics, the results did not substantially change. CONCLUSIONS: Manufacturing seems to have the largest burden of occupational injuries in industrializing countries like Thailand.

DOI： 10.1539/joh.13-0085-fs

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Lippincott Williams and Wilkins  

DOI： 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005227

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Language：English   Publisher：Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services  

DOI： 10.1289/ehp.1408092

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301311

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s10995-012-1213-6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.07.004

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

IMPORTANCE: Although it is suggested that breastfeeding is protective against obesity in children, the evidence remains inconclusive because of possible residual confounding by socioeconomic status or children's lifestyle factors. Most of the participants in the previous studies were children in Western developed countries, so studies in a different context are awaited. OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of breastfeeding with overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Japan, with adjustment for the potential confounders. DESIGN: Secondary data analyses of a nationwide longitudinal survey ongoing since 2001, with results collected from 2001 to 2009. SETTING: All over Japan. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 43,367 singleton children who were born after 37 gestational weeks and had information on their feeding during infancy. EXPOSURES: Five mutually exclusive infant feeding practice categories. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Underweight, normal weight (referent group), overweight, and obesity at 7 and 8 years of age defined by using international cutoff points of body mass index by sex and age. RESULTS: In multinomial logistic regression models with adjustment for children's factors (sex, television viewing time, and computer game playing time) and maternal factors (educational attainment, smoking status, and working status), exclusive breastfeeding at 6 to 7 months of age was associated with decreased risk of overweight and obesity compared with formula feeding. The adjusted odds ratios were 0.85 (95% CI, 0.69-1.05) and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.39-0.78) for overweight and obesity, respectively, at 7 years of age. Similar results were observed at 8 years of age. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Breastfeeding is associated with decreased risk of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Japan. Therefore, it would be better to encourage breastfeeding even in developed countries.

DOI： 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2230

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2013.05.002

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DOI： 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.03.009

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182973092

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/ppe.12062

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1002/ajhb.22414

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.12.011

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/1476-069X-12-34

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/19338244.2011.627894

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.088

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/oemed-2012-100797

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/1471-2393-12-162

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1093/tropej/fmr067

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1539/joh.11-0202-oa

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.076

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Language：English   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Springer US  

DOI： 10.1007/978-1-4614-2383-6_2

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.001

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1155/2012/635075

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01216.x

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DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.002

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/tc.2010.041442

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.038

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.008

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.005

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ntt.2010.09.004

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182099175

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DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181fe759f

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Tokyo  

DOI： 10.1007/s12199-010-0182-x

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DOI： 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.12.033

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181d44e3f

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DOI： 10.1136/oem.2008.045542

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DOI： 10.1016/j.envres.2009.10.011

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DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.011

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.06.003

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.016

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181a3d3f6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.038

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318190e73f

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DOI： 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31815c09d2

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DOI： 10.1007/s00420-007-0179-y

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