Updated on 2025/09/25

写真a

 
大竹 真紀子
 
Organization
Scheduled update Special-Appointment Professor
Position
Special-Appointment Professor
External link
 

Research Projects

  • 月面着陸探査における始原的岩石のその場選別・分析のための光学式分析装置の開発

    Grant number:25H00683  2025.04 - 2028.03

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(A)

    諸田 智克, 長 勇一郎, 長岡 央, 仲内 悠祐, 大竹 真紀子, 田畑 陽久, 杉田 精司

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    Grant amount:\60970000 ( Direct expense: \46900000 、 Indirect expense:\14070000 )

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  • Geological analyses of the lunar south polar region

    Grant number:19K03959  2019.04 - 2023.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    佐藤 広幸, 大竹 真紀子, 嵩 由芙子

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    Grant amount:\4290000 ( Direct expense: \3300000 、 Indirect expense:\990000 )

    本研究では、月南極域(緯度70°S以南)において最新の探査データを用い、既存の地質図を更新する。これにより極域の地表構成物質・地質構造を詳細に把握し、3つの月科学における課題:①月地殻成長プロセスとマントル物質、②永久影内部および周辺の構成物質、③宇宙風化の主要因、を月極域で検証する。
    令和元年度および2年度(1-2年目)は、日本月周回衛星(かぐや)のマルチバンドイメージャ(MI)のモザイク画像のノイズ低減処理後、疑似カラー・宇宙風化度・Mg-Fe比(Mg#)マップを作成した。また米国月探査衛星(LRO)の広角カメラ(WAC)画像を用い、月の高地領域でのチタン量マップ作成・精度検証を行った。これらのマップを元に、エジェクタ(衝突クレータ周辺の削剥堆積物)の分布領域の判別・数値地図化を開始した。
    令和3年度(当該年度)は、各種鉱物組成マップに加え、主成分解析結果を用いてより高精度な極域エジェクタ分布図を作成した。従来の地質図には記されていなかった広範囲に渡るエジェクタの分布が明らかとなり、例えば極点付近の永久影内部は中緯度に位置するクレータ(Tychoなど)のエジェクタが堆積していることがわかった(課題②に関連)。
    一方で、MIモザイク画像の各バンドの絶対値が相対的にずれ、正しいスペクトルを示していない事がわかった。高緯度の観測のみを利用した位相角補正の結果だと考えられ、補正のために低緯度に位置する基準地(アポロ16号標準サイト)での観測値を加えて補正をやり直し、絶対値および前年度作成の宇宙風化度・Mg-Fe比(Mg#)マップを修正した。補正後のマップから、極域に向かってアルベドが上がり、宇宙風化度が下がる傾向が確認された。これらは宇宙風化作用の緯度依存性を示しており、今後統計的な処理により風化要因の検証に利用できるかもしれない(課題③に関連)。

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  • Formation mechanism of Mercury based on surface composition and mineralogy

    Grant number:18K03732  2018.04 - 2021.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Ohtake Makiko

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    Grant amount:\4420000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 、 Indirect expense:\1020000 )

    We investigated mineralogy and rock type of Mercury’s surface by using remote sensing multiband imaging data obtained by MESSENGER mission. Data analyses method similar to the commonly for iron abundance estimation of the lunar surface were used and we confirmed that the method is able to distinguish different mineralogical units.

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  • Derivation of a new lunar geologic map for understanding lunar evolution

    Grant number:26287107  2014.04 - 2018.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    OHTAKE Makiko, KIMURA Jun, KOBAYASHI Naoki, KAROUGI Yuzuru, HAREYAMA Makoto, HIRATA Naru, ISHIHARA Yoshiaki, NAGAOKA Hiroshi, KAMATA Shunishi

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    Grant amount:\17290000 ( Direct expense: \13300000 、 Indirect expense:\3990000 )

    The current lunar global geological map was generated in 1980’s. It has been used widely and contributed greatly to the lunar science. The goal of this study is to generate new global lunar geological map, which includes new rock types we found from recent lunar exploration data, and to understand the lunar evolution history based on that.
    Firstly, we generated a geological unit map based on the SELENE (Kaguya) Spectral Profiler data by applying mathematical analyses method. Then, we evaluated and gave geologic interpretations to the units and generated the global lunar geologic map. And from the map, we found that total surface area of the old mare hidden under the surface layer (or crustal intrusion of basaltic composition) is significantly (max. 2 times) higher than the previous estimation. This finding is very important to understand volcanic history of the Moon. We submitted a paper discussing our results and it is currently under the revision.

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  • Determination of lunar bulk composition by integrated study of lunar feldspathic meteorite and Kaguya data

    Grant number:23340164  2011.04 - 2014.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    ARAI Tomoko, OHTAKE Makiko

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    Grant amount:\12610000 ( Direct expense: \9700000 、 Indirect expense:\2910000 )

    To determine the mineral abundance of the lunar crust which formed by lunar magma ocean crystallization, we conducted an integrated study of mineralogical and reflectance spectral analyses of feldspathic lunar meteorites, and data analyses of multiband Imager of Kaguya lunar mission on lunar crust exposed on Copernicus crater. These studies showed that olivines in the lunar crust are replaced by low-Ca pyroxenes by secondary heating events. Numerous meteoroid impacts on the lunar crust after the magma ocean crystallization should have heated and melted the olivine-bearing initial crust, causing replacement of the primary olivines by low-Ca pyroxenes. Thus, the secondary heating of the lunar initial crust likely altered an initial abundance of olivine in the primary lunar crust. Further, lower detectability of olivine than low-Ca pyroxene in visible-near infrared reflectance spectra may further bias the real abundance of olivine in the present lunar crust.

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  • Study of crustal formation mechanism and origin of dichotomy of the Moon

    Grant number:22540443  2010 - 2012

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    OHTAKE Makiko

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    Grant amount:\4550000 ( Direct expense: \3500000 、 Indirect expense:\1050000 )

    This study apply an empirical algorithm to lunar reflectance spectra from the Kaguya and report that magnesium contents relative to iron of primitive crustal highland rocks on the farside are higher than on the nearside. Our findings indicate that the farside crust consists of rocks that crystallized from less-evolved magma than the nearside crust. This indicates that the lunar dichotomy is directly linked to crystallization of the magma ocean and suggests that the composition of the magma ocean was more primitive at the time of crustal growth than previously estimated.

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  • Estimation of the mechanical properties of lunar surface soil and its astrophysical and engineering applications

    Grant number:22340158  2010 - 2012

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    MATSUSHIMA Takashi, SAIKI Kazuto, OHTAKE Makiko, TSUCHIYAMA Akira

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    Grant amount:\20280000 ( Direct expense: \15600000 、 Indirect expense:\4680000 )

    We analyzed Apollo retrieved samples to study their 3D grain properties and spectrographic properties. Together with the remote sensing data obtained in the Kaguya project, the results were used to compute lunar global maps on maturity and magnesium contents. We also studied the effect of lunar surface condition on the spectrographic properties. Moreover we performed the grain-scale numerical simulations using the obtained grain properties, which helps to evaluate the mechanical properties of lunar soil (bulk density, compressibility and shear strength) from its maturity index. Based on these results, we proposed some future missions on lunar exploration by JAXA

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  • Lunar gravity and geodesy mapping by KAGUYA mission and the origin of lunar dichotomy

    Grant number:20244073  2008 - 2011

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    SASAKI Sho, HANADA Hideo, ARAKI Hiroshi, MATSUMOTO Koji, NODA Hirotomo, KAWANO Nobuyuki, IWATA Takahiro, HARUYAMA Junichi, OTAKE Makiko, MATSUNAGA Tsuneo, NAMIKI Noriyuki, DEMURA Hirohide, YAMAGUCHI Yasushi, YAMAJI Atsushi

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    Grant amount:\47580000 ( Direct expense: \36600000 、 Indirect expense:\10980000 )

    In JAXA KAGUYA(SELENE) mission, using two subsatellites and VLBI observations by VERA 4 stations and international 4 stations, the first global accurate gravitational field of the Moon including the far-side was obtained. The first global accurate lunar topography was also obtained by a laser altimeter. Multi-frequency differential VLBI was proven to be the powerful technique for orbital determination(less than 1cm, 1mm in principle). Global distribution of lunar crust was obtained from gravity and topography data. The thinnest crust was beneath Mare Moscoviences on the far-side. 500-1000km scale far-side highland impact structures are supported mostly by the crust which would have been cooled faster than near-side crust.

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  • 表面反射スペクトルから探る太陽系氷天体の海の進化

    Grant number:18654079  2006 - 2007

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  萌芽研究

    佐々木 晶, 大竹 真紀子

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    Grant amount:\2800000 ( Direct expense: \2800000 )

    木星探査機ガリレオに搭載された近赤外線マッピング分光計は、氷衛星エウロパの表面に、硫酸の存在する可能性を示した。ナトリウム・マグネシウム硫酸塩が地下から溶け込んだ水の噴出によりエウロパの地表に到達して、その後激しい放射場によって変化して硫酸を生成させたという地下海洋説が提唱された。ハワイ大学のMcCordらは、硫酸塩水和物もしくは炭酸塩水和物の反射スペクトルが近赤外スペクトルを説明しうることを示した。地表における塩類水和物や硫酸の存在は地下海洋の証拠と考えられている。
    本年度の研究では、昨年度に国立天文台水沢地区に導入した反射スペクトル装置に導入した、塩類の反射スペクトルを幅広い温度領域で測定して氷天体での存在を議論できるように、近赤外の反射スペクトル測定のための波長拡大ユニットを導入した。これにより、2500nmまでの二方向反射スペクトル測定が可能になった。また、検出器の切り替えによる反射スペクトルのギャップを無くすために、検出器ごとにデータを保存して、波長をオーバーラップさせる機能を付加した。これまでエプソマイト、ナトロンなどの、氷衛星表面に噴出して存在すると考えられる、硫酸塩、炭酸塩の塩類鉱物の反射スペクトルの測定を行い、氷天体の反射スペクトルの制約を目指した。これらの塩類鉱物は透明度が高いために反射率測定で容器の影響を受けやすい。粉体反射スペクトル測定のために、これまでのものより深さのあるサンプルホルダーを導入した。

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