Faculty Profiles - YAMASAKI Yasushi

Papers - YAMASAKI Yasushi

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Acetic Acid-Indigo Carmine Chromocolonoscopy for Proximal Serrated Lesions: A Randomized, Three-Arm Colonoscopy Study. International journal

Hideaki Kinugasa, Sakiko Hiraoka, Sayo Kobayashi, Minoru Matsubara, Teruya Nagahara, Reiji Higashi, Kensuke Takei, Masayasu Ohmori, Takashi Nakamura, Takao Tsuzuki, Shouichi Tanaka, Ryosuke Hirai, Junki Toyosawa, Yuki Aoyama, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Takehiro Tanaka, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Motoyuki Otsuka

The American journal of gastroenterology 2025.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: Aggressive colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently originates from serrated lesions (SLs), particularly in the proximal colon, which are challenging to detect using standard screening colonoscopy. Although duplicate examinations or chromocolonoscopies are recommended for detecting proximal SLs, evidence from randomized trials is limited. We evaluated the effectiveness of tandem colonoscopy with an acetic acid-indigo carmine mixture (AIM) for detecting SLs in the proximal colon compared to white-light imaging (WLI) and indigo carmine (IC). METHODS: This three-arm, multicenter, randomized controlled trial involving nine institutions enrolled patients undergoing colonoscopy and assigned them randomly to the WLI, IC, or AIM group. The primary outcomes were the SL-detection rate (SDR) of proximal lesions during the second examination (SDR2nd) and SL additional rate (SAR). Secondary outcomes included the detection and additional rates of other polyps, factors contributing to SAR, and complications. RESULTS: Between 2021 and 2024, 1,319 participants with 1,267 polyps were included in the analysis. With AIM, the SDR2nd and SAR were significantly higher compared to WLI or IC (WLI vs. AIM: 2.7% vs. 14.0%, p<.001; IC vs. AIM: 7.9% vs. 14.0%, p=.002, and WLI vs. AIM: 22.4% vs. 69.3%, p<.001; IC vs. AIM: 45.8% vs. 69.3%, p=.001). AIM conferred a higher adenoma-detection rate (ADR)2nd than with WLI (10.5% vs. 24.7%; p<.001) and was an independent factor for SAR (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 7.79 [3.76-17.08]). No major adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: AIM significantly improved proximal colon SDRs and outperformed WLI and IC. The relationship between SDR and CRC incidence warrants further investigation.

DOI： 10.14309/ajg.0000000000003411

Changes of leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein could be a marker of changes of endoscopic and histologic activity of ulcerative colitis. International journal

Yuki Aoyama, Sakiko Hiraoka, Eriko Yasutomi, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Takehiro Tanaka, Kensuke Takei, Shoko Igawa, Keiko Takeuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Junki Toyosawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideaki Kinugasa, Jun Kato, Hiroyuki Okada, Motoyuki Otsuka

Scientific reports 15 ( 1 ) 5248 - 5248 2025.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein (LRG) is one of the serum biomarkers for disease activity of ulcerative colitis (UC). We focused on the correlation between the changes of LRG and the changes of endoscopic and histologic activity of UC, in comparison to the changes of fecal calprotectin (Fcal), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Seventy-nine patients with two or more colonoscopies were enrolled, and 123 paired colonoscopies and 121 paired biopsies were examined. With regard to the change of endoscopic/histologic activity between the preceding and subsequent colonoscopy, there was improvement (n = 29/45), unchanging (n = 63/36), and worsening (n = 31/40). The correlations between the changes of marker levels and endoscopic/histologic activity were Fcal; r = 0.50/0.39 and FIT; r = 0.41/0.40, LRG; r = 0.42/0.40 and CRP; r = 0.22/0.17. Furthermore, when the correlation between the changes of LRG levels and the changes of endoscopic/histological activity was compared with those of other markers, the correlation of LRG tended to be superior to those of CRP (CRP vs. LRG; p = 0.08/0.01). LRG is equivalent to fecal markers and superior to CRP, when inferring changes in disease activity of UC based on changes in its level.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-025-89615-8

Short- and longer-term learning effects from virtual scale endoscopy videos: a useful tool for colorectal lesion size estimation (with video). International journal

Ryosuke Hirai, Hideaki Kinugasa, Mikako Ishiguro, Junki Toyosawa, Yuki Aoyama, Shoko Igawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Seiji Kawano, Sakiko Hiraoka, Motoyuki Otsuka

Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate assessment of colorectal polyp size is crucial for determining treatment and surveillance policies. However, visual estimation of lesion diameter is often inaccurate, making simple and effective educational tools essential. We aimed to evaluate the learning effects of virtual scale endoscopy (VSE). METHODS: Thirty-three endoscopists first watched pre-learning videos for SET1. They then estimated the diameters of 20 lesions and referred to instructional videos with VSE for self-study. Subsequently, they watched the post-learning videos for SET2 and estimated the lesion diameters. The error between the estimated and correct lesion sizes of both sets was compared. To evaluate longer-term learning effects, participants answered SET3 and SET4, which consisted of the same questions as SET2 and SET1, respectively, 2-3 months later without watching the instructional video for SET2. RESULTS: The error in the participants' estimation of the correct lesion diameter improved from SET1 to SET2 (34.7 mm ± 6.6 vs. 30.7 mm ± 7.7; p = 0.048), with a significant learning effect and error improvement specifically among non-experts (35.2 mm ± 5.3 vs. 30 mm ± 6.8; p = 0.028). In the SET3 and SET4, participants' errors indicated that the learning effect was well maintained (SET2 vs. SET3; 30.7 mm ± 7.7 vs. 28.6 mm ± 7.2; p = 0.1, and SET1 and SET4: 34.7 mm ± 6.6 vs. 31.7 mm ± 7.1; p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: VSE videos are a valuable learning tool for estimating lesion diameter, particularly for novice endoscopists, both in the short- and longer-term.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gie.2024.10.038

増大号炎症性腸疾患2024 主題炎症性腸疾患の内科治療基本治療薬(5-ASA製剤,副腎皮質ステロイド,チオプリン製剤)

平岡佐規子, 石黒美佳子, 豊澤惇希, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 髙原政宏, 大塚基之, 金谷信彦, 近藤喜太, 田中健大

胃と腸 59 ( 10 ) 1453 - 1461 2024.10

Gastric peroral endoscopic myo-neurotomy as less-invasive bariatric surgery in porcine models: an experimental study

Kenta Hamada, Yasushi Yamasaki, Akinobu Takaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada

iGIE 3 ( 3 ) 358 - 365 2024.9

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and Aims: Obesity is a global health problem, and less-invasive treatments are warranted. We developed a novel endoscopic intervention named peroral endoscopic myo-neurotomy (POEM-N) that is performed at the greater curvature of the gastric antrum as a bariatric/metabolic procedure and assessed its feasibility using porcine models. Methods: Six live pigs were divided into 3 groups of 2: POEM-N with a high-fat diet (HFD) (POEM-N group); sham procedure with HFD (HF-control group); and sham procedure with normal diet (N-control group). All pigs were fed the diets for 2 weeks, underwent POEM-N or sham procedure, and were observed for 2 weeks after the procedure. The primary outcome was the safety and feasibility of POEM-N. Adverse events and histology of the area after POEM-N were evaluated to assess the procedure's safety and feasibility. Secondary outcomes were changes in body weight and glycolipid levels. Results: There was no severe worsening of vital signs during or after the POEM-N procedure. All pigs were well and food intake was good, with no delayed adverse events. Excessive storage of dietary residue, deformity of the gastric antrum, and fold concentration were observed after POEM-N, as expected. Histologic examination revealed hypertrophic regeneration of Auerbach's plexus, which regulates gastric peristalsis, in both POEM-N pigs. After the procedure, HFD-induced weight gain in the POEM-N pigs slowed, and the increase in serum and liver cholesterol levels was suppressed. Conclusions: We applied POEM-N as a bariatric/metabolic procedure and showed its safety and feasibility using porcine models.

DOI： 10.1016/j.igie.2024.06.002

Adverse events after different endoscopic resection procedures for small and intermediate-sized colorectal polyps. International journal

Junki Toyosawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yuki Aoyama, Kensuke Takei, Shoko Igawa, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada, Motoyuki Otsuka

Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 2024.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) have been developed recently, in addition to conventional methods, but adverse events of each method have not been fully clarified. We compared outcomes of each method for the appropriate choice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent CSP, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)/hot snare polypectomy (HSP) or UEMR for small and intermediate-sized colorectal polyps between April 2017 and June 2020 were retrospectively examined. The rate of adverse events and recurrences due to each method were determined as main outcomes. Clinical factors related with adverse events were examined. RESULTS: A total of 1,025 patients with 3,163 polyps underwent polypectomy using any of the methods. CSP, EMR/HSP and UEMR were performed for 704 (22.2%), 2,145 (67.8%) and 314 polyps (9.9%), and median size for each method was 4, 6 and 7 mm, respectively. Delayed bleeding for CSP, EMR/HSP and UEMR was 0%, 0.2% and 0.6% (P = 0.15), and perforation was 0%, 0.1% and 0%, respectively (P = 0.62). Recurrence after CSP, EMR/HSP and UEMR was 0.1%, 0.04% and 1.0%, respectively (P < 0.01). Recurrence for UEMR was significantly higher in the early stage of procedure introduction (P = 0.001). Oral anticoagulants were the risk factor for delayed bleeding (P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference regarding adverse events among each method for small and intermediate-sized polyps, although recurrence rate after UEMR was higher than other methods.

DOI： 10.1159/000540365

【消化管粘膜下腫瘍のすべて】十二指腸十二指腸粘膜下腫瘍の内視鏡診断

山崎泰史, 岩室雅也, 川野誠司, 田中彰一, 田中健大

消化器内視鏡 36 ( 7 ) 1033 - 1038 2024.7

Language：Japanese Publisher：(株)東京医学社

＜文献概要＞はじめに十二指腸において,粘膜下腫瘍(submucosal tumor:SMT)の形態をとる病変はさまざまであるが,そのほとんどは良性病変である。一方,治療対象となる悪性病変も稀ではあるが存在する。両者の鑑別には,色調や大きさ,表面性状に加えて,病変の硬さ(鉗子による感触で評価するcushion signの有無)が重要である。また,EUSによる病変の主座やエコーレベルの評価も鑑別診断の手助けとなる。

Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2024&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20240724080022&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003607%2F019%2F1033-1038%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003607%2F019%2F1033-1038%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

Innovative submucosal injection solution for endoscopic resection with phosphorylated pullulan: a preclinical study. International journal

Takuya Satomi, Yukari Ochi, Takumi Okihara, Hiroki Fujii, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Katsumi Mominoki, Haruko Hirayama, Junki Toyosawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada, Motoyuki Otsuka, Akihiro Matsukawa

Gastrointestinal endoscopy 99 ( 6 ) 1039 - 1047 2024.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A submucosal injection solution is used to assist in endoscopic surgery. The high viscosity of current solutions makes them difficult to inject. In the present study, we developed an extremely low-viscosity, easy-to-use submucosal injection solution using phosphorylated pullulan (PPL). METHODS: The PPL solutions were prepared at different concentrations, and their viscosities were measured. The mucosal elevation capacity was evaluated using excised porcine stomachs. Controls included 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (SH), 0.6% sodium alginate (SA), and saline. To evaluate the practicality, the catheter injectability of 0.7% PPL was measured, and EMR and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were performed using the stomach and colorectum of live pigs. As controls, 0.4% SH and saline were used. RESULTS: The PPL solutions were of extremely low viscosity compared to the solutions of 0.4% SH and 0.6% SA. Nevertheless, the mucosal elevation capacity of PPL solutions for up to 0.7% concentration was similar to that of 0.4% SH, and 0.7% PPL was less resistant to catheter infusion than 0.4% SH and 0.6% SA. In live pig experiments with endoscopic mucosal resection and ESD, snaring after submucosal injection of 0.7% PPL was easier than with 0.4% SH, ESD with 0.7% PPL produced less bubble formation than with 0.4% SH, and the procedure time tended to be shorter with 0.7% PPL than with 0.4% SH because of the shorter injection time. CONCLUSIONS: The PPL solution is an innovative and easy-to-use submucosal injection solution.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gie.2024.01.015

Association of screening tool scores with overall survival in older patients with unresectable gastrointestinal or biliary pancreatic cancer: A retrospective study. International journal

Shoko Inoo, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Shigeru Horiguchi, Hironari Kato, Yasushi Yamasaki, Shoichiro Hirata, Sakiko Kuraoka, Katsunori Matsueda, Shotaro Okanoue, Takuya Satomi, Kenta Hamada, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada, Motoyuki Otsuka

Journal of geriatric oncology 15 ( 4 ) 101714 - 101714 2024.5

UnderwaterとUnder-gelでの大腸腫瘍性病変に対する境界診断能の検討

豊澤惇希, 山崎泰史, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 高原政宏, 平岡佐規子, 大塚基之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 66 ( Suppl.1 ) 969 - 969 2024.4

神経線維腫症の消化管合併症に関する検討

本田真奈美, 岩室雅也, 山崎泰史, 田中健大, 川野誠司, 平岡佐規子, 河原祥朗, 大塚基之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 121 ( 臨増総会 ) A349 - A349 2024.3

神経線維腫症の消化管合併症に関する検討

本田真奈美, 岩室雅也, 山崎泰史, 田中健大, 川野誠司, 平岡佐規子, 河原祥朗, 大塚基之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 121 ( 臨増総会 ) A349 - A349 2024.3

Utility of Combined Use of Transabdominal Ultrasonography and Fecal Immunochemical Test Examinations in Ulcerative Colitis.

Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Masayasu Ohmori, Keiko Takeuchi, Kensuke Takei, Yuki Aoyama, Eriko Yasutomi, Shoko Igawa, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Junki Toyosawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideaki Kinugasa, Keita Harada, Hideki Onishi, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 78 ( 1 ) 79 - 83 2024.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

This study examined the utility of the combined use of transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) to detect mucosal inflammation, vis-a-vis the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES), in ulcerative colitis (UC). Sixty-three UC patients who underwent TUS and FIT were retrospectively enrolled. For TUS, the colon was divided into five segments, and the bowel wall thickness was measured and evaluated. The accuracy of FIT (> 100 ng/ml) in detecting mucosal inflammation (MES>0) was 0.93, whereas that of TUS (BWT>2 mm) in each segment was 0.84-0.97. The combined use of TUS and FIT may be helpful in noninvasive treatment strategies.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/66674

Colorectal Ganglioneuromas Associated with Cowden Syndrome

Toshiki Ozato, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Motoyuki Otsuka

Internal Medicine 2024

大腸神経節細胞腫により診断に至ったCowden症候群の1例

本田真奈美, 山崎泰史, 豊澤惇希, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 高原政宏, 田中健大, 平岡佐規子, 大塚基之

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会・日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 120回・131回 68 - 68 2023.11

Low Patient Weight and Long Intubation Time Are Key Factors for Pain during Colonoscopy.

Shohei Oka, Keita Harada, Shumpei Yamamoto, Eriko Yasutomi, Shoko Igawa, Masayasu Ohmori, Mami Hirai, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 77 ( 5 ) 471 - 478 2023.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Although the clinical usefulness of colonoscopy has been established, the procedure remains painful for many patients. This study was designed to clarify the factors predicting colonoscopy-related pain. We evaluated 283 consecutive patients who completed a first-ever, total colonoscopy without sedatives or analgesics. The severity of pain symptoms was evaluated by a numeric rating scale (NRS) in a questionnaire immediately after the colonoscopy. Patient backgrounds and endoscopic findings were analyzed to evaluate their association with pain. Out of 283 patients, 53 scored their pain 0-1 on the NRS while 48 scored it 6-10. We defined the colonoscopies of the former and latter patients as painless and painful, respectively, and compared the two. Multivariate analyses revealed that low body weight (OR 4.95, 95%CI 1.89-12.99) and longer intubation time (OR 3.63, 95%CI 1.46-9.03) were significant risk factors for painful colonoscopy. To identify factors contributing to the increased intubation time, we divided subjects into short- and long-intubation-time groups based on a median insertion time of 7 min. Older age (OR 2.28, 95%CI 1.31-3.98), previous abdominal surgery (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.13-3.32) and findings of invasive cancer (OR 10.90, 95%CI 1.34-88.90) were significant factors for longer intubation time.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/65969

10mm以上20mm以下の大腸鋸歯状病変(SSL)に対するUnderwater EMR(UEMR)の有効性

大森正泰, 山崎泰史, 豊澤惇希, 山本峻平, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 竹中龍太, 大塚基之

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 65 ( Suppl.2 ) 2000 - 2000 2023.10

Efficacy of endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device for small rectal neuroendocrine tumor: study protocol of a multicenter open-label randomized control trial (BANDIT trial)

Kazunori Takada, Kenichiro Imai, Takanori Yamada, Ken Ohata, Takashi Kanesaka, Yasuaki Nagami, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideki Kobara, Yasuhiro Inokuchi, Akiko Chino, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Hisatomo Ikehara, Takuji Kawamura, Yohei Yabuuchi, Yasuhiko Mizuguchi, Hiroaki Ikematsu, Chizu Yokoi, Santa Hattori, Kazuya Ohno, Yashiro Yoshizawa, Masakatsu Fukuzawa, Yosuke Tsuji, Jun Konishi, Takeshi Yamamura, Satoshi Osawa, Shiro Oka, Takuto Hikichi, Kazutomo Togashi, Kingo Hirasawa, Toshio Uraoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Hideyuki Chiba, Yoriaki Komeda, Hisashi Doyama, Mari S Oba, Yutaka Saito

2023.9

Publisher：Research Square Platform LLC

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic resection is widely accepted as a local treatment for rectal neuroendocrine tumors sized ≤ 10 mm. However, there is no consensus on the best method for the endoscopic resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors. As a simplified endoscopic procedure, endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device (ESMR-L) indicates a histologically complete resection rate comparable to that of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). We hypothesized that ESMR-L than ESD would be preferred for rectal neuroendocrine tumors. Hence, this trial aimed to verify whether ESMR-L is non-inferior to ESD in terms of histologically complete resection rate.Methods: This is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial of two parallel groups, conducted at the Shizuoka Cancer Center and 31 other institutions in Japan. Patients with a lesion endoscopically diagnosed as a rectal neuroendocrine tumor ≤ 10 mm are eligible for inclusion. A total of 266 patients will be recruited and randomized to undergo either ESD or ESMR-L. The primary endpoint is the rate of en bloc resection with histologically tumor-free margins (R0 resection). Secondary endpoints include en bloc resection rate, procedure time, adverse events, hospitalization days, total devices and agents cost, adverse event rate between groups with and without resection site closure, outcomes between expert and non-expert endoscopists, and factors associated with R0 resection failure. The sample size is determined based on the assumption that the R0 resection rate will be 95.2% in the ESD group and 95.3% in the ESMR-L group, with a non-inferiority margin of 8%. With a one-sided significance level of 0.05 and a power of 80%, 226 participants are required. Assuming a dropout rate of 15%, 266 patients will be included in this study.Discussion: This is the first multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing ESD and ESMR-L for the R0 resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 10 mm. This will provide valuable information for standardizing endoscopic resection methods for rectal neuroendocrine tumors.Trial registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs042210124. Registered on Jan 6, 2022.

DOI： 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3337089/v1

Other Link： https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3337089/v1.html

血流豊富な粘膜下腫瘍の形態を呈した上行結腸血管周囲類上皮細胞腫の1例

青山祐樹, 井口俊博, 平岡佐規子, 豊澤惇希, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 高原政宏, 庄司良平, 近藤喜太, 柳井広之, 大塚基之

日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会 130回 81 - 81 2023.6

【表在性非乳頭部十二指腸上皮性腫瘍(SNADET)の内視鏡診断と治療】治療病変の状況に応じた内視鏡治療戦略とそのすみ分け(3,000例の多施設共同研究から)

加藤元彦, 竹内洋司, 布袋屋修, 小山恒男, 野中哲, 吉水祥一, 角嶋直美, 大圃研, 山本博徳, 原裕子, 土山寿志, 土肥統, 山崎泰史, 上山浩也, 滝本見吾, 蔵原晃一, 田島知明, 阿部展次, 中山敦史, 小田一郎, 矢作直久

消化器内視鏡 35 ( 6 ) 760 - 765 2023.6

Correction: Characteristics of synchronous and metachronous duodenal tumors and association with colorectal cancer: a supplementary analysis.

Yasushi Yamasaki, Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Masao Yoshida, Ken Ohata, Yoshimasa Miura, Yuko Hara, Shigetsugu Tsuji, Osamu Dohi, Hiroya Ueyama, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Journal of gastroenterology 58 ( 5 ) 470 - 471 2023.5

大腸腫瘍に対する内視鏡的切除法の最前線 10-20mmの大腸鋸歯状病変(SSL)に対するUnderwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)の有効性に関する前向き観察研究

豊澤惇希, 山崎泰史, 平岡佐規子

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 65 ( Suppl.1 ) 832 - 832 2023.4

Clinical course and management of adverse events after endoscopic resection of superficial duodenal epithelial tumors: A multi-center retrospective study. International journal

Osamu Dohi, Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Masao Yoshida, Ken Ohata, Yoshimasa Miura, Yuko Hara, Shigetsugu Tsuji, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hiroya Ueyama, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 2023.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to elucidate the clinical course and management of adverse events (AEs) after endoscopic resection (ER) for superficial duodenal epithelial tumors (SDETs). METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent ER of SDETs between January 2008 and July 2018 at 18 Japanese institutions were retrospectively enrolled. The study outcomes included the clinical course, management, and risk of surgical conversion with perioperative AEs after ER for SDETs. RESULTS: Of the 226 patients with AEs, the surgical conversion rate was 8.0% (18/226), including 3.7% (4/108), 1.0% (1/99), and 50.0% (12/24) of patients with intraoperative perforation, delayed bleeding, or delayed perforation, respectively. In the multivariate logistic analysis, involvement of the major papilla (odds ratio [OR], 12.788; 95% confidential interval [CI], 2.098-77.961, P = 0.006) and delayed perforation (OR, 37.054; 95% CI, 10.219-134.366, P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for surgical conversion after AEs. Delayed bleeding occurred from the postoperative days 1 to 14 or more, whereas delayed perforation occurred within three days in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical conversion rate was higher for delayed perforation than those for other AEs after ER of SDETs. Involvement of the major papilla and delayed perforation were significant risk factors for surgical conversion following AEs. In addition, reliable prevention of delayed perforation is required for three days after duodenal ER to prevent the need for surgical interventions.

DOI： 10.1111/den.14552

Characteristics of synchronous and metachronous duodenal tumors and association with colorectal cancer: a supplementary analysis.

Yasushi Yamasaki, Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Masao Yoshida, Ken Ohata, Yoshimasa Miura, Yuko Hara, Shigetsugu Tsuji, Osamu Dohi, Hiroya Ueyama, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Journal of gastroenterology 58 ( 5 ) 459 - 469 2023.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: We previously reported outcomes of endoscopic resection for duodenal tumors in a large cohort. This study investigated the frequency and characteristics of synchronous and metachronous lesions, and their association with colorectal advanced adenoma (CAA) and colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Patients underwent duodenal endoscopic resection during January 2008 to December 2018. Background and characteristics, incidence of synchronous and metachronous lesions, and incidence of CAA and CRC were investigated. Patients without synchronous lesions were classified as the single group, and those with synchronous lesions as the synchronous group. Patients were also classified as the metachronous and non-metachronous groups. The characteristics among the groups were compared. RESULTS: We included 2658 patients with 2881 duodenal tumors: 2472 (93.0%) patients had single, 186 (7.0%) had synchronous, and 54 (2.0%) had metachronous lesions. The 5-year cumulative incidence of metachronous lesions was 4.1%. In total, 208 (7.8%) had CAA and 127 (4.8%) patients had CRC, and colonoscopy was performed in 936 (35.2%) patients. The incidence of CAA in the synchronous groups tended to be higher compared with that in the single groups (11.8% vs 7.5%, adjusted risk ratio 1.56), and the incidence of CRC in the metachronous groups tended to be higher compared with that in the non-metachronous groups (13.0% vs 4.6%, adjusted risk ratio 2.75), but there was no difference after adjusting for colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the incidence of synchronous and metachronous duodenal lesions. There was no significant difference in incidence of CAA and CRC among each group, but further studies are warranted.

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-023-01964-1

クローン病患者の内視鏡活動性と活動性の変化を予測するバイオマーカーは?

井口俊博, 平岡佐規子, 豊澤惇希, 竹井健介, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 高原政宏, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 119 ( 臨増大会 ) A750 - A750 2022.10

クローン病患者の内視鏡活動性と活動性の変化を予測するバイオマーカーは?

井口俊博, 平岡佐規子, 豊澤惇希, 竹井健介, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 高原政宏, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 119 ( 臨増大会 ) A750 - A750 2022.10

【胃疾患アトラス改訂版】陥凹を呈する病変上皮性・腫瘍性陥凹病変早期胃癌(0-IIc,MiNEN)

山崎泰史, 田中健大, 岡田裕之

消化器内視鏡 34 ( 増刊 ) 226 - 227 2022.10

The Colon Wall Thickness Measured Using Transabdominal Ultrasonography Is Useful for Detecting Mucosal Inflammation in Ulcerative Colitis.

Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Masayasu Ohmori, Keiko Takeuchi, Kensuke Takei, Eriko Yasutomi, Shoko Igawa, Shumpei Yamamoto, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Keita Harada, Hideki Ohnishi, Hiroyuki Okada

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 61 ( 18 ) 2703 - 2709 2022.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective Transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) is a non-invasive procedure that is reportedly useful for managing ulcerative colitis (UC) and assessing bowel wall thickness (BWT), the most common measure of mucosal inflammation. However, the exact range of BWT that reflects disease activity remains undetermined. The present study clarified the BWT due to disease activity by comparing the use of TUS in each segment of the colon versus using colonoscopy (CS) and determined the usefulness of TUS in patients with UC. Methods We divided the colon into five segments and measured the BWT using TUS. The results were then compared to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) classification to determine the accuracy of BWT measurement. Patients Eighty patients with UC who underwent TUS within 14 days of CS were retrospectively registered. Results We evaluated a total of 268 images depicting each segment among 80 patients with UC. The BWT was positively correlated with endoscopic activity (0.69, p<0.0001). In each segment, the relationship between a BWT>2 mm and an MES>0 had the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (0.85-1.00, 0.67-0.92, and 0.81-0.97, respectively). Conclusion This study concluded that TUS was a useful method of detecting an MES>0, which indicates the presence of inflammation and its location among UC patients. MES>0 was found to be highly accurate when a BWT>2 mm was considered positive. This non-invasive method may help control disease activity in patients with UC.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.8827-21

Outcomes of endoscopic resection for superficial duodenal tumors: 10 years' experience in 18 Japanese high volume centers. International journal

Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Naomi Kakushima, Ken Ohata, Hironori Yamamoto, Yuko Hara, Hisashi Doyama, Osamu Dohi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hiroya Ueyama, Kengo Takimoto, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Endoscopy 54 ( 7 ) 663 - 670 2022.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Data on endoscopic resection (ER) for superficial duodenal epithelial tumors (SDETs) are insufficient owing to their rarity. There are two main ER techniques for SDETs: endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In addition, modified EMR techniques, such as underwater EMR (UEMR) and cold polypectomy, are becoming popular. We conducted a large-scale retrospective multicenter study to clarify the detailed outcomes of duodenal ER. METHODS: Patients with SDETs who underwent ER at 18 institutions from January 2008 to December 2018 were included. The rates of en bloc resection and delayed adverse events (AEs; defined as delayed bleeding or perforation) were analyzed. Local recurrence was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: In total, 3107 patients (including 1017 undergoing ESD) were included. En bloc resection rates were 79.1 %, 78.6 %, 86.8 %, and 94.8 %, and delayed AE rates were 0.5 %, 2.2 %, 2.8 %, and 6.8 % for cold polypectomy, UEMR, EMR and ESD, respectively. The delayed AE rate was significantly higher in the ESD group than in non-ESD groups for lesions < 19 mm (7.4 % vs. 1.9 %; P < 0.001), but not for lesions > 20 mm (6.1 % vs. 7.1 %; P = 0.64). The local recurrence rate was significantly lower in the ESD group than in the non-ESD groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, for lesions > 30 mm, the cumulative local recurrence rate at 2 years was 22.6 % in the non-ESD groups compared with only 1.6 % in the ESD group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ER outcomes for SDETs were generally acceptable. ESD by highly experienced endoscopists might be an option for very large SDETs.

DOI： 10.1055/a-1640-3236

Usefulness of Intestinal Ultrasound to Detect Small Intestinal Stenosis in Patients with Crohn's Disease. International journal

Keiko Takeuchi, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Masayasu Ohmori, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Shoko Igawa, Kensuke Takei, Yuki Baba, Seiji Kawano, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideaki Kinugasa, Keita Harada, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 42 ( 2 ) 373 - 383 2022.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) with retrograde contrast is useful as a monitoring tool for small intestinal lesions in Crohn's disease (CD), but these are burdensome for patients. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) can be used with ease in daily clinical practice, but there is less evidence regarding the accuracy of detection of small intestinal stenosis in CD. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic power of IUS for small intestinal stenosis in patients with CD. METHODS: The findings of DBE and IUS in 86 patients with CD with small intestinal lesions were evaluated. Using DBE as the reference standard, we examined the detection rate of IUS for small intestinal stenosis. We evaluated three parameters: luminal narrowing, prestenotic dilation, and to-and-fro movement for determining stenosis using IUS. In addition, we compared the characteristics between the stenosis-detectable and stenosis-undetectable groups by IUS. RESULTS: Of the 86 patients, 30 had small intestinal stenosis. In IUS findings, when lesions that met two or more of the three parameters were judged as stenosis, the detection rate was 70.0% for sensitivity, 98.2% for specificity, and 88.4% for accuracy. Moreover, there were patients with a younger age at diagnosis (P < 0.05) and more ileocolonic disease location (P < 0.05) in the stenosis-detectable group by IUS. The stenoses detected by IUS were significantly longer than those undetected by IUS (14.1 mm versus 5.2 mm, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IUS delivered reliable results for clinically important small intestinal stenosis of CD with high diagnostic accuracy.

DOI： 10.1002/jum.16038

Prospective multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of cold forceps polypectomy for ≤ 6-mm non-ampullary duodenal low-grade adenomas. International journal

Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Joichiro Horii, Ryuta Takenaka, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Takao Tsuzuki, Masahide Kita, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Jun Tomoda, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy international open 10 ( 6 ) E712-E718 2022.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and study aims Because the endoscopic treatment for non-ampullary duodenal adenoma (NADA) has a non-negligible risk of adverse events (AEs), a safe and easy treatment for NADA is desirable. This was a multicenter prospective trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) for diminutive NADAs. Patients and methods This study was prospectively conducted at six general hospitals and one university hospital. The inclusion criteria were histologic and endoscopic diagnosis of low-grade NADA measuring ≤ 6 mm. A second endoscopy was scheduled for 1 month after CFP. After confirmation of the success of CFP, 6-month and 12-month surveillance endoscopies were scheduled. The primary endpoint was the endoscopic and histologic disease disappearance rates at the 12-month endoscopy. Results Thirty-nine lesions from 38 patients were prospectively included. Median tumor size at enrollment was 5 mm (range 3-6 mm). There were four cases of remnant lesions at the second endoscopy, and the lesion disappearance rate of single CFP was 89.7 % (35 /39; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 76.9 %-97.9 %). In three cases, complete removal of the lesion was achieved with a single re-CFP, but one case required four repeat CFPs. The lesion disappearance rate at 12-month endoscopy was 97.4 % (38 /39; 95 %CI, 86.8 %-99.5 %). During the follow-up period, no AEs related to CFP were observed. Conclusions CFP for NADA ≤ 6 mm was safe and effective in this study. This common endoscopic method to remove lesions may be an option for treatment of diminutive NADAs.

DOI： 10.1055/a-1793-9439

Erratum: Prospective multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of cold forceps polypectomy for ≤ 6-mm non-ampullary duodenal low-grade adenomas. International journal

Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Joichiro Horii, Ryuta Takenaka, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Takao Tsuzuki, Masahide Kita, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Masaya Iwamuro, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Jun Tomoda, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy international open 10 ( 6 ) C6 2022.6

Reply to Lv and Yang. International journal

Motohiko Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Shu Hoteya, Tsuneo Oyama, Satoru Nonaka, Shoichi Yoshimizu, Naomi Kakushima, Ken Ohata, Hironori Yamamoto, Yuko Hara, Hisashi Doyama, Osamu Dohi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hiroya Ueyama, Kengo Takimoto, Koichi Kurahara, Tomoaki Tashima, Nobutsugu Abe, Atsushi Nakayama, Ichiro Oda, Naohisa Yahagi

Endoscopy 54 ( 5 ) 523 - 524 2022.5

Modified line-assisted complete closure of the defect after gastric endoscopic full-thickness resection: a pilot study in porcine models. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Masayasu Ohmori, Junki Toyosawa, Soichiro Ako, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy international open 10 ( 5 ) E609-E615 2022.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and study aims Closure after endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is challenging. We previously developed a simple endoscopic closure method: line-assisted complete closure (LACC). We performed a pilot study using porcine models to evaluate the feasibility of modified LACC after gastric EFTR. Patients and methods Six live pigs were included. EFTR (greater curvature of the gastric antrum [n = 3] and anterior wall of the gastric body [n = 3]) was performed under general anesthesia and the defect after EFTR was closed by modified LACC. The pigs were observed until postoperative day 4 (Day 4). The closure site was endoscopically evaluated and the presence or absence of peritonitis and fluid leakage was evaluated. The outcomes were the success rate of modified LACC on the day of the procedure, maintenance of defect closure, presence of peritonitis or leakage, and clinical course. Results Once complete closure was successfully achieved in all cases, maintenance of closure on Day 4 was not achieved. However, there was neither peritonitis nor fluid leakage. The defect was completely covered by surrounding tissues on Day 4 and the clinical course was good in all cases. Conclusions The feasibility of modified LACC after gastric EFTR was demonstrated in porcine models. Further improvement is needed to maintain defect closure.

DOI： 10.1055/a-1785-8589

Resection depth for small colorectal polyps comparing cold snare polypectomy, hot snare polypectomy and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection. International journal

Junki Toyosawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Tsuyoshi Fujimoto, Shouichi Tanaka, Takehiro Tanaka, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy international open 10 ( 5 ) E602-E608 2022.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and study aims Small colorectal polyps are removed by various methods, including cold snare polypectomy (CSP), hot snare polypectomy (HSP), and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR), but the indications for using these methods are unclear. We retrospectively assessed the efficacy of CSP, HSP, and UEMR for small polyps, focusing on the depth of the resected specimens. Patients and methods Outpatients with non-pedunculated small polyps (endoscopically diagnosed as 6 to 9 mm), resected by two endoscopists between July 2019 and September 2020, were enrolled. We histologically evaluated the specimens resected via CSP, HSP, and UEMR. The main outcome was the containment rate of the muscularis mucosa (MM) and submucosa (SM) tissues. Results Forty polyps resected via CSP (n = 14), HSP (n = 12), or UEMR (n = 14) were enrolled after excluding 13 polyps with resection depths that were difficult to determine. The rates of specimens containing MM and SM tissue differed significantly (57 % and 29 % for CSP, 92 % and 83 % for HSP, and 100 % and 100 % for UEMR, respectively ( P = 0.005 for MM and P < 0.001 for SM tissue). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed UEMR was an independent factor relating to the containment of SM tissue. The thickness of SM tissue by CSP, HSP, and UEMR were 52 μm, 623 μm, and 1119 μm, respectively ( P < 0.001). The thickness by CSP was significantly less than those by HSP and UEMR ( P < 0.001, Bonferroni correction). Conclusions UEMR could be the best method to contain SM tissue without injection. Further studies are needed to evaluate the indication of UEMR for small polyps.

DOI： 10.1055/a-1785-8616

大腸腫瘍性病変に対する内視鏡治療の最前線 UnderwaterとUnder-gelでの大腸腫瘍性病変に対する境界診断能の検討

豊澤惇希, 山崎泰史, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会 128回 79 - 79 2022.5

Fever and electrocoagulation syndrome after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection for patients with immunosuppressants and steroids. International journal

Shumpei Yamamoto, Hideaki Kinugasa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Mami Hirai, Soichiro Ako, Kensuke Takei, Shoko Igawa, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Masayasu Ohmori, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Keita Harada, Sakiko Hiraoka, Kazuhiro Nouso, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada

DEN open 2 ( 1 ) e83 2022.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: Transient fever and electrocoagulation syndrome after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remain a challenge. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors of post-ESD fever and post-ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS), focusing on the involvement of immunosuppressive drugs and steroids (IM). METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 510 patients who underwent colorectal ESD at Okayama University Hospital from 2015 to 2020. The incidence rate, clinical outcome, and factors associated with post-ESD fever and PECS were investigated. RESULTS: Post-ESD fever and PECS occurred in 63 patients (12.4%) and 43 patients (8.4%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status ≥3, the use of immunosuppressants or prednisolone ≥5mg (IM group), and injury to muscle layer/perforation were significantly associated with post-ESD fever. In PECS, IM group, tumors located on the right side, treatment time ≥60 min, injury to the muscle layer, and multiple lesions were independent risk factors. Both post-ESD fever and PECS improved conservatively in the IM group, and no serious complication was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The use of IM was a risk factor for both post-ESD fever and PECS. However, there were no serious complications in colorectal ESD for patients taking IM.

DOI： 10.1002/deo2.83

dysplasiaを有する大腸鋸歯状病変の診断のポイント

竹井健介, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之, 豊澤惇希, 青山祐樹, 山本峻平, 安富絵里子, 井川翔子, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 平岡佐規子, 田中健大

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 64 ( Suppl.1 ) 778 - 778 2022.4

UnderwaterとUnder-gelでの大腸腫瘍性病変に対する境界診断能の検討

豊澤惇希, 山崎泰史, 岡田裕之, 竹井健介, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 山本峻平, 竹内桂子, 高原政宏, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 64 ( Suppl.1 ) 761 - 761 2022.4

Metformin ameliorates chronic colitis in a mouse model by regulating interferon-γ-producing lamina propria CD4+ T cells through AMPK activation. International journal

Masahiro Takahara, Akinobu Takaki, Sakiko Hiraoka, Kensuke Takei, Eriko Yasutomi, Shoko Igawa, Shumpei Yamamoto, Shohei Oka, Masayasu Ohmori, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Keita Harada, Heiichiro Udono, Hiroyuki Okada

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 36 ( 2 ) e22139 2022.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Metformin, a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been shown to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Notably, AMPK activation has recently been observed to be associated with anti-inflammatory responses. Metformin is also reported to elicit anti-inflammatory responses in CD4+ T cells, resulting in improvement in experimental chronic inflammatory diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus. To investigate the effect of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we developed a T cell-transfer model of chronic colitis in which SCID mice were injected with CD4+ CD45RBhigh T cells to induce colitis. We examined the effects of metformin via in vitro and in vivo experiments on lamina propria (LP) CD4+ T cells. We observed that metformin suppresses the frequency of interferon (IFN) -γ-producing LP CD4+ T cells in vitro, which were regulated by AMPK activation, a process possibly induced by the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, we examined the effects of metformin on an in vivo IBD model. Metformin-treated mice showed AMPK activation in LP CD4+ T cells and ameliorated colitis. Our study demonstrates that metformin-induced AMPK activation in mucosal CD4+ T cells contributes to the improvement of IBD by suppressing IFN-γ production. Moreover, our results indicate that AMPK may be a target molecule for the regulation of mucosal immunity and inflammation. Thus, AMPK-activating drugs such as metformin may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of IBD.

DOI： 10.1096/fj.202100831RR

免疫抑制剤とステロイド内服に着目した大腸ESD後の発熱とPECSのリスク因子に関する検討

山本峻平, 衣笠秀明, 山崎泰史, 青山祐樹, 竹井健介, 大森正泰, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 能祖一裕, 岡田裕之

日本消化管学会雑誌 6 ( Suppl. ) 209 - 209 2022.1

Clinicopathological Characteristics of Superficial Barrett's Adenocarcinoma in a Japanese Population: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study.

Kenta Hamada, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Koji Miyahara, Masahiro Nakagawa, Hirokazu Mouri, Motowo Mizuno, Sakuma Takahashi, Shinichiro Hori, Junichiro Nasu, Takao Tsuzuki, Jiro Miyaike, Ryuta Takenaka, Kenji Yamauchi, Sayo Kobayashi, Tatsuya Toyokawa, Masafumi Inoue, Mamoru Nishimura, Minoru Matsubara, Jun Tomoda, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Yasuhiro Shirakawa, Yoshiro Kawahara, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Hiroyuki Okada

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 61 ( 8 ) 1115 - 1123 2022

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective Although Barrett's adenocarcinoma (BA) remains a minor disease in Japan, its incidence has been gradually increasing. We analyzed the characteristics of BA in Japanese populations. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records and analyzed the clinicopathological differences between short-segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE) and long-segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE), as well as metastasis. Local recurrence and metachronous lesions were analyzed only in patients who underwent endoscopic resection (ER). Patients Consecutive patients who had pathological T1 BAs resected by ER or surgery from January 2003 to December 2017. Results A total of 168 patients were analyzed, including 139 with SSBE and 29 with LSBE. In total, 67% of the SSBE lesions and 32% of the LSBE lesions were located between 0 and 3 o'clock (p=0.0014). No patients who achieved pathological margin-free resection (pR0) and 17% of patients who did not achieve pR0 experienced local recurrence (p=0.0131). None of the patients without lymphovascular involvement, a poorly differentiated component, lesion size of >30 mm, and submucosal invasion of >500 μm experienced metastasis. The 5-year cumulative incidence rate of metachronous BA after ER was 0% in patients with SSBE and 40% in patients with LSBE (p=0.0005). Conclusion Superficial BA was likely to be detected at the right anterior wall of SSBE in the Japanese population. The risk for metachronous BA after ER was high in Japanese patients with LSBE, as in Western patients.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.6942-20

The Impact of KRAS Mutation in Patients With Sporadic Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors. International journal

Hideaki Kinugasa, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Shumpei Yamamoto, Yasushi Yamasaki, Kazuhiro Nouso, Kouichi Ichimura, Masahiro Nakagawa, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hiroyuki Okada

Clinical and translational gastroenterology 12 ( 11 ) e00424 2021.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

INTRODUCTION: The genomic characterization of primary nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma indicates a genetic resemblance to gastric and colorectal cancers. However, a correlation between the clinical and molecular characteristics of these cancers has not been established. This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological features of sporadic nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors, including their molecular characteristics and prognostic factors. METHODS: One hundred forty-eight patients with sporadic nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors were examined in this study. Patient sex, age, TNM stage, tumor location, treatment methods, histology, KRAS mutation, BRAF mutation, Fusobacterium nucleatum, mucin phenotype, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status were evaluated. KRAS and BRAF mutations, Fusobacterium nucleatum, mucin phenotype, and PD-L1 status were analyzed by direct sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunochemical staining. RESULTS: The median follow-up duration was 119.4 months. There were no deaths from duodenal adenoma (the primary disease). Kaplan-Meier analysis for duodenal adenocarcinoma showed a significant effect of TNM stage (P < 0.01). In univariate analysis of primary deaths from duodenal adenocarcinoma, TNM stage II or higher, undifferentiated, KRAS mutations, gastric phenotype, intestinal phenotype, and PD-L1 status were significant factors. In multivariate analysis, TNM stage II or higher (hazard ratio: 1.63 × 1010, 95% confidence interval: 18.66-6.69 × 1036) and KRAS mutation (hazard ratio: 3.49, confidence interval: 1.52-7.91) were significant factors. DISCUSSION: Only KRAS mutation was a significant prognostic factor in primary sporadic nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma in cases in which TNM stage was considered.

DOI： 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000424

非典型的な発症を呈した潰瘍性大腸炎合併壊疽性膿皮症の1例

嶋崎岳, 青山祐樹, 井口俊博, 平岡佐規子, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 山本峻平, 安富絵里子, 大森正泰, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会・日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 116回・127回 78 - 78 2021.11

腎移植後に発症した巨大な大腸潰瘍の一例

山下航矢, 山崎泰史, 西村慎吾, 荒木元朗, 青山祐樹, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 大森正泰, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会・日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 116回・127回 69 - 69 2021.11

A preclinical feasibility study of endoscopic barostat: A possible diagnostic tool for visceral hypersensitivity in functional dyspepsia

Yuki Ushimaru, Tatsuhiro Masaoka, Noriko Matsuura, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Kotaro Yamashita, Takuro Saito, Koji Tanaka, Kazuyoshi Yamamoto, Tomoki Makino, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Yukinori Kurokawa, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki, Kiyokazu Nakajima

Digestive Diseases 2021.10

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：S. Karger AG

Introduction:
Diagnosing functional dyspepsia requires excluding organic disease and gastrointestinal function evaluation; however, there are no modalities to evaluate these simultaneously. This preclinical study examined the possibility of an endoscopic barostat.
Methods:
Ultrathin endoscopy and our newly developed pressure-regulated endoscopic insufflator, which insufflates the gastrointestinal tract until the preset pressure is achieved, were used. The actual intragastric pressure was measured using an optical fiber manometer placed in the stomach. Experiment-1: in an ex vivo experiment, we insufflated the isolated stomach and verified whether the intragastric pressure reached the preset pressure. Experiment-2: we inserted the endoscope orally in a porcine stomach, insufflated the stomach, and verified whether the intragastric pressure reached the preset pressure. Finally, we insufflated the stomach at a random pressure to verify the functional tests for proof-of-concept.
Results:
Experiment-1: the intragastric pressure reached the preset pressure. After reaching the plateau, the pressure remained stable at the preset pressure (Huber M-value: 1.015, Regression line: 0.988, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.994–0.994). Experiment-2: the intragastric pressure reached the preset pressure. After reaching the plateau, the pressure remained stable at the preset pressure (Huber M-value: 1.018, Regression line: 0.971, 95% CI: 0.985–0.986). At randomly preset pressures, the transendoscopic theoretical intragastric pressure detected by the insufflator was correlated with the actual pressure measured by the pressure manometer.
Conclusions:
This proof-of-concept study shows that a pressure-regulated endoscopic insufflator provides stable intragastric pressure at the preset level, with the potential of an endoscopic barostat to assess visceral the hypersensitivity related to functional dyspepsia.

DOI： 10.1159/000520375

Application of convolutional neural networks for evaluating the depth of invasion of early gastric cancer based on endoscopic images. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Yoshiro Kawahara, Takayoshi Tanimoto, Akimitsu Ohto, Akira Toda, Toshiaki Aida, Yasushi Yamasaki, Tatsuhiro Gotoda, Taiji Ogawa, Makoto Abe, Shotaro Okanoue, Kensuke Takei, Satoru Kikuchi, Shinji Kuroda, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Hiroyuki Okada

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2021.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been used in endoscopic examination and is expected to help in endoscopic diagnosis. We evaluated the feasibility of AI using convolutional neural network (CNN) systems for evaluating the depth of invasion of early gastric cancer (EGC), based on endoscopic images. METHODS: This study used a deep CNN model, ResNet152. From patients who underwent treatment for EGC at our hospital between January 2012 and December 2016, we selected 100 consecutive patients with mucosal (M) cancers and 100 consecutive patients with cancers invading the submucosa (SM cancers). A total of 3508 non-magnifying endoscopic images of EGCs, including white-light imaging, linked color imaging, blue laser imaging-bright, and indigo-carmine dye contrast imaging, were included in this study. A total of 2288 images from 132 patients served as the development dataset, and 1220 images from 68 patients served as the testing dataset. Invasion depth was evaluated for each image and lesion. The majority vote was applied to lesion-based evaluation. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing M cancer were 84.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 82.3%-87.5%), 70.7% (95% CI 66.8%-74.6%), and 78.9% (95% CI 76.6%-81.2%), respectively, for image-based evaluation, and 85.3% (95% CI 73.4%-97.2%), 82.4% (95% CI 69.5%-95.2%), and 83.8% (95% CI 75.1%-92.6%), respectively, for lesion-based evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The application of AI using CNN to evaluate the depth of invasion of EGCs based on endoscopic images is feasible, and it is worth investing more effort to put this new technology into practical use.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.15725

A novel clip closure method using precutting and a reopenable clip after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection. International journal

Masayasu Ohmori, Yasushi Yamasaki, Shumpei Yamamoto, Hideaki Kinugasa, Keita Harada, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy 54 ( 8 ) E401-E402 2021.8

Nonrecurrence Rate of Underwater EMR for ≤20-mm Nonampullary Duodenal Adenomas: A Multicenter Prospective Study (D-UEMR Study). International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo, Takuji Akamatsu, Tomo Kagawa, Reiji Higashi, Osamu Dohi, Masanori Furukawa, Yu Takahashi, Takuya Inoue, Shouichi Tanaka, Ryuta Takenaka, Mikitaka Iguchi, Takuji Kawamura, Takao Tsuzuki, Tomoaki Yamasaki, Takeshi Yamashina, Junichiro Nasu, Tomohiko Mannami, Atsushi Yamauchi, Kazuhiro Matsueda, Shigeyuki Aizawa, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hiroyuki Okada

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopic resection of nonampullary duodenal adenoma is often challenging, and its technique has not yet been standardized. To overcome the practical difficulty of conventional endoscopic mucosal resection, underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) was recently developed; therefore, we investigated the effectiveness and safety of UEMR for nonampullary duodenal adenoma. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted at 21 institutions in Japan. We enrolled patients with no more than 2 nonampullary duodenal adenomas ≤20 mm in size, who were scheduled to undergo UEMR. After UEMR, follow-up endoscopies were scheduled at 2 and 12 months after the procedure, and biopsy specimens were taken from the post-UEMR scars. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with histologically proven nonrecurrence at follow-up endoscopy and biopsy. RESULTS: A total of 155 patients with 166 lesions underwent UEMR. One patient with a non-neoplastic lesion in the resected specimen and 10 patients with 10 lesions who were lost to follow-up were excluded. Finally, 144 patients with 155 lesions who received all follow-up endoscopies were analyzed for the primary endpoint. The proportion of patients with proven nonrecurrence was 97.2% (n = 140 of 144; 95% confidence interval, 92.8%-99.1%) which exceeded the predefined threshold value (92%). Two cases of delayed bleeding (1.2%) occurred and they were successfully managed by clips. All recurrences were successfully treated by additional endoscopic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This multicenter, prospective cohort study demonstrated effectiveness and safety of UEMR for nonampullary duodenal adenomas ≤20 mm in size. (University Hospital Medical Network Clinical Trials Registry, Number: UMIN000030414).

DOI： 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.06.043

Heterogeneous distribution of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the progression of colorectal cancer. International journal

Shumpei Yamamoto, Hideaki Kinugasa, Mami Hirai, Hiroyuki Terasawa, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Masayasu Ohmori, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Keita Harada, Sakiko Hiraoka, Kazuhiro Nouso, Takehiro Tanaka, Fuminori Teraishi, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Hiroyuki Okada

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 36 ( 7 ) 1869 - 1876 2021.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and is a biomarker for patient prognosis and management. However, the ecology of Fn in CRC and the distribution of intratumoral Fn are unknown. METHODS: We evaluated Fn and the status of KRAS and BRAF in 200 colorectal neoplasms (118 adenomas and 82 cancers) and 149 matched adjacent normal mucosas. The differentiation status between "surface" and "deep" areas of cancer tissue and matched normal mucosa were analyzed in 46 surgical samples; the Ki-67 index was also evaluated in these samples. RESULTS: Fusobacterium nucleatum presence in the tumor increased according to pathological stage (5.9% [adenoma] to 81.8% [stage III/IV]), while Fn presence in normal mucosa also increased (7.6% [adenoma] to 40.9% [stage III/IV]). The detection rates of Fn on the tumor surface and in deep areas were 45.7% and 32.6%, while that of normal mucosa were 26.1% and 23.9%, respectively. Stage III/IV tumors showed high Fn surface area expression (66.7%). Fn intratumoral heterogeneity (34.8%) was higher than that of KRAS (4.3%; P < 0.001) and BRAF (2.2%; P < 0.001). The Ki-67 index in Fn-positive cases was higher than that in negative cases (93.9% vs 89.0%; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Fusobacterium nucleatum was strongly present in CRC superficial areas at stage III/IV. The presence of Fn in the deep areas of adjacent normal mucosa also increased. The intratumoral heterogeneity of Fn is important in the use of Fn as a biomarker, as Fn is associated with CRC proliferative capacity.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.15361

炎症性腸疾患患者における月経に関連する症状の変化および挙児希望に関わる検討

安富絵里子, 平岡佐規子, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 山本峻平, 大森正泰, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 川野誠司, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之

日本高齢消化器病学会誌 24 ( 1 ) 195 - 195 2021.7

多発深掘れ潰瘍を呈したメサラジン不耐潰瘍性大腸炎の一例

竹井健介, 井口俊博, 青山祐樹, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 山本峻平, 大森正康, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会 126回 61 - 61 2021.6

Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein as a marker of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease. International journal

Eriko Yasutomi, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Sakiko Hiraoka, Kensuke Takei, Shoko Igawa, Shumpei Yamamoto, Masayasu Ohmori, Shohei Oka, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Keita Harada, Masaki Furukawa, Kouichi Itoshima, Ken Okada, Fumio Otsuka, Takehiro Tanaka, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Jun Kato, Hiroyuki Okada

Scientific reports 11 ( 1 ) 11086 - 11086 2021.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) may be a novel serum biomarker for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The association of LRG with the endoscopic activity and predictability of mucosal healing (MH) was determined and compared with those of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal markers (fecal immunochemical test [FIT] and fecal calprotectin [Fcal]) in 166 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 56 Crohn's disease (CD) patients. In UC, LRG was correlated with the endoscopic activity and could predict MH, but the performance was not superior to that of fecal markers (areas under the curve [AUCs] for predicting MH: LRG: 0.61, CRP: 0.59, FIT: 0.75, and Fcal: 0.72). In CD, the performance of LRG was equivalent to that of CRP and Fcal (AUCs for predicting MH: LRG: 0.82, CRP: 0.82, FIT: 0.70, and Fcal: 0.88). LRG was able to discriminate patients with MH from those with endoscopic activity among UC and CD patients with normal CRP levels. LRG was associated with endoscopic activity and could predict MH in both UC and CD patients. It may be particularly useful in CD.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-90441-x

周期的発熱、及び腹痛精査中に診断された正中弓状靱帯圧迫症候群の1例

乃美優孝, 井口俊博, 青山祐樹, 竹井健介, 安富絵里子, 井川翔子, 大森正泰, 岡昌平, 竹内桂子, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之, 徳増一樹, 大塚文男, 矢野修也, 菊地覚次, 坂本真樹

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 115回 83 - 83 2021.5

Propensity score-matched analysis of endoscopic resection for recurrent colorectal neoplasms: A pilot study. International journal

Masayasu Ohmori, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Hiroko Nakahira, Noriko Matsuura, Satoki Shichijo, Akira Maekawa, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Yoji Takeuchi

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 36 ( 9 ) 2568 - 2574 2021.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Local residual/recurrent colorectal lesions after endoscopic resection (ER) are difficult to treat with conventional ER. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are reportedly effective. We investigated the appropriate indications of ESD and UEMR for recurrent colorectal lesions. METHODS: This single-center, retrospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary cancer institute. Patients who underwent UEMR or ESD for residual/recurrent colorectal lesions after ER from October 2013 to February 2019 were enrolled. Propensity score matching was performed between the UEMR and ESD groups to compare the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. RESULTS: In total, 30 UEMRs and 21 ESDs were performed. Median (range) diameter of the lesions was 8 mm (2-22 mm) in UEMR and 15 mm (2-58 mm) in ESD. Median procedure time in UEMR was significantly shorter than that of ESD (4 min [2-15 min] vs 70 min [17-193 min], P < 0.001). En bloc and complete resection rates of ESD were significantly higher than that of UEMR (73% vs 100%, 41% vs 81%, respectively). No adverse events occurred with UEMR, but there were two cases (10%) of delayed perforation with ESD. Neither group reported recurrence after treatment. Propensity score-matched cases showed significantly shorter procedure time and hospitalization period in UEMR than in ESD. CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of UEMR and ESD were comparable. UEMR could be a useful salvage therapy for small local residual/recurrent colorectal lesions after ER with shorter procedure time and hospitalization period.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.15519

Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for 20-30 mm colorectal polyps. International journal

Takahiro Inoue, Kentaro Nakagawa, Yasushi Yamasaki, Satoki Shichijo, Takashi Kanesaka, Akira Maekawa, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Yoji Takeuchi

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 36 ( 9 ) 2549 - 2557 2021.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large polyps provides a high en bloc resection rate, accurate pathological diagnosis, and low recurrence rate. However, ESD requires advanced techniques, and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) is an alternative. We investigated the efficacy and safety of UEMR for 20-30 mm colorectal lesions compared with ESD. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated systematically collected data of patients who underwent UEMR or ESD for 20-30 mm sessile colorectal lesions. Outcome measures were the incidence of local recurrence, procedure time, en bloc resection rate, and incidence of adverse events. We performed propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting adjustment to control for possible confounders. RESULTS: We evaluated 125 patients undergoing UEMR and 306 patients undergoing ESD. Using propensity score matching, we analyzed 74 lesions in each group. UEMR had a shorter procedure time than ESD [6.7 min (95% confidence interval (CI), 5.3-8.1 min) vs 64.8 min (95% CI, 57.4-72.2 min), respectively]. Although the en bloc resection rate with UEMR was inferior to ESD [61% (95% CI, 49-72%) vs 99% (95% CI, 93-100%), respectively], there was no significant difference in the local recurrence rate between the procedures [0% (95% CI, 0-4.0%) in each group]. Inverse probability weighting adjustment revealed that neither ESD nor UEMR had a significant association with local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for 20-30 mm colorectal lesions was comparable with ESD regarding long-term outcomes, with a shorter procedure time, despite the lower en bloc resection rate.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.15494

Stop taking routine biopsy specimens for the diagnose of a duodenal adenoma! International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo

Endoscopy international open 9 ( 3 ) E470-E471 2021.3

潰瘍性大腸炎診療におけるバイオマーカーの位置づけを考える新規LRGも含め

安富絵里子, 平岡佐規子, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 山本峻平, 大森正泰, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 118 ( 臨増総会 ) A360 - A360 2021.3

Optimization of insufflation and pressure control in third-space endoscopy. International journal

Yuki Ushimaru, Noriko Matsuura, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Kotaro Yamashita, Takuro Saito, Koji Tanaka, Tomoki Makino, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Yukinori Kurokawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki, Kiyokazu Nakajima

Surgical endoscopy 36 ( 1 ) 817 - 825 2021.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Third-space endoscopy requires a delicate and accurate insufflation technique to secure the endoscopic visualization and maintain the working space. However, optimal third-space insufflation parameters have yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to assess: (1) the diversity of endoluminal third-space pressure by manual insufflation, and (2) the performance of the insufflation settings for third-space endoscopy. METHODS: A submucosal tunnel was created in the upper posterior wall of the porcine stomach. Using two-channel esophagogastroduodenoscopy, one channel was used for insufflation and the other was used for pressure measurement. Experiment 1 Endoluminal submucosal tunnel pressure was measured in a 10-cm submucosal tunnel of a single porcine. Six board-certified endoscopists in turn maintained what they considered sufficient exposure under manual insufflation. Experiment 2 Endoluminal submucosal tunnel pressure and number of insufflations were measured using the pressure-regulated insufflation device; the differences in the submucosal tunnel length (long: 10-cm, short: 4-cm) and the insufflation route diameter (large: 3.8-mm, small: 2.2-mm) were compared. RESULTS: Experiment 1 The endoluminal submucosal tunnel pressure profiles during third-space endoscopy varied between endoscopists. Experiment 2 Longer submucosal tunnels and larger insufflation route diameters lead to stable endoluminal submucosal tunnel pressure. The gap with the preset pressure of the insufflator and endoluminal pressure narrowed, and the required number of insufflations decreased with longer tunnel length and larger route diameter. CONCLUSIONS: The pressure dynamics in third-space endoscopy differed among endoscopists. Longer submucosal tunnels and larger insufflation route diameters lead to stable endoluminal submucosal tunnel pressure.

DOI： 10.1007/s00464-021-08319-y

SAPHO症候群に対しイキセキズマブ投与後に腸炎を発症した1例

森悠記, 倉岡紗樹子, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 山本峻平, 大森正泰, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化管学会雑誌 5 ( Suppl. ) 319 - 319 2021.1

Strategy for Removing an Impacted Enterolith using Double-Balloon Enteroscopy in Crohn's Disease. International journal

Tatsuya Kikuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Tsuyoshi Fujimoto, Shouichi Tanaka

European journal of case reports in internal medicine 8 ( 1 ) 002266 - 002266 2021

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

An enterolith in Crohn's disease is an uncommon but serious condition because it can cause intestinal obstruction. Endoscopic treatment to remove the enterolith is attempted first, but is sometimes difficult owing to poor accessibility of the endoscope. In such cases, surgical treatment is inevitable. We successfully overcame poor accessibility and removed an enterolith using double-balloon enteroscopy. We describe our method below and suggest several helpful techniques. LEARNING POINTS: Patients with Crohn's disease sometimes have a history of intestinal stricture, which can cause intestinal obstruction by enterolith-related impaction.Endoscopic treatment is the first choice to remove an enterolith, but is sometimes difficult.We successfully removed an enterolith using double-balloon enteroscopy and employing several helpful techniques.

DOI： 10.12890/2021_002266

Histologic Transformation from Follicular Lymphoma to Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Detected during Colonoscopy.

Masaya Iwamuro, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takehiro Tanaka, Noboru Asada, Ken-Ichi Matsuoka, Sakiko Hiraoka, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 75 ( 5 ) 625 - 629 2021

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A 77-year-old Japanese woman who had been treated for follicular lymphoma for 8 years developed abdominal pain and intra-abdominal lymphadenopathies. Colonoscopy revealed an elevated lesion in the rectum, which presented as two humps with erosions. A diagnosis of histologic transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was made by endoscopic biopsy. This case underscores the importance of endoscopy examinations and biopsy of newly emerged gastrointestinal lesions for the prompt diagnosis of histologic transformation, since salvage chemotherapy must be initiated quickly in such cases.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/62775

Liquid biopsy for patients with IBD-associated neoplasia. International journal

Hideaki Kinugasa, Sakiko Hiraoka, Kazuhiro Nouso, Shumpei Yamamoto, Mami Hirai, Hiroyuki Terasawa, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Masayasu Ohmori, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Keita Harada, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada

BMC cancer 20 ( 1 ) 1188 - 1188 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: It is often difficult to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated neoplasia endoscopically due to background inflammation. In addition, due to the absence of sensitive tumor biomarkers, countermeasures against IBD-associated neoplasia are crucial. The purpose of this study is to develop a new diagnostic method through the application of liquid biopsy. METHODS: Ten patients with IBD-associated cancers and high-grade dysplasia (HGD) with preserved tumor tissue and blood were included. Tumor and non-tumor tissues were analyzed for 48 cancer-related genes using next-generation sequencing. Simultaneously, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was analyzed for mutations in the target genes using digital PCR. RESULTS: Out of 10 patients, seven had IBD-related cancer and three had IBD-related HGD. Two patients had carcinoma in situ; moreover, three had stageII and two had stage III. To avoid false positives, the mutation rate cutoff was set at 5% based on the control results; seven of 10 (70%) tumor tissue samples were mutation-positive. Mutation frequencies for each gene were as follows: TP53 (20.9%; R136H), TP53 (25.0%; C110W), TP53 (8.5%; H140Q), TP53 (31.1%; R150W), TP53 (12.8%; R141H), KRAS (40.0%; G12V), and PIK3CA (34.1%; R 88Q). The same mutations were detected in the blood of these seven patients. However, no mutations were detected in the blood of the remaining three patients with no tumor tissue mutations. The concordance rate between tumor tissue DNA and blood ctDNA was 100%. CONCLUSION: Blood liquid biopsy has the potential to be a new method for non-invasive diagnosis of IBD-associated neoplasia.

DOI： 10.1186/s12885-020-07699-z

Narrow band imaging under less-air condition improves the visibility of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. International journal

Taro Iwatsubo, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yusuke Tonai, Kenta Hamada, Minoru Kato, Sho Suzuki, Mitsuhiro Kono, Hiromu Fukuda, Yusaku Shimamoto, Kentaro Nakagawa, Masayasu Ohmori, Masamichi Arao, Kenshi Matsuno, Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Shuntaro Inoue, Hiroko Nakahira, Noriko Matsuura, Satoki Shichijo, Akira Maekawa, Takashi Kanesaka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Kazuhide Higuchi

BMC gastroenterology 20 ( 1 ) 389 - 389 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: The current virtual chromoendoscopy equipment cannot completely detect superficial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the esophagus, despite its development in the recent years. Thus, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the appropriate air volume during endoscopic observation to improve the visibility of esophageal SCC. METHODS: This retrospective study included a total of 101 flat type esophageal SCCs identified between April 2017 and January 2019 at the Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute. Video images of narrow band imaging (NBI) under both less-air and standard-air conditions were recorded digitally. Videos were evaluated by five endoscopists. Relative visibility between less-air and standard-air conditions of the brownish area, brownish color change of the epithelium, and dilated intrapapillary capillary loop (IPCL) were graded as 5 (definitely better under less-air condition) to 1 (definitely worse under less-air condition), with 3 indicating average visibility (equivalent to standard-air observation). RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation) visibility score of the brownish area, brownish color change of the epithelium, and dilated IPCLs under less-air condition were 3.94 (0.58), 3.73 (0.57), and 4.13 (0.60), respectively, which were significantly better than that under standard-air condition (p < 0.0001). Esophageal SCC evaluated as ≥ 4 in the mean visibility score of the brownish area, brownish color change of the epithelium, and dilated IPCLs accounted for 50% (51/101 lesions), 34% (34/101 lesions), and 67% (68/101 lesions), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggested that NBI with less air might improve the visibility of flat type esophageal SCC compared with NBI with standard air. Less-air NBI observation may facilitate the detection of flat type esophageal SCC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The present study is a non-intervention trial.

DOI： 10.1186/s12876-020-01534-2

Evaluation of complete cold forceps polypectomy resection rate for 3- to 5-mm colorectal polyps. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Keita Harada, Shumpei Yamamoto, Eriko Yasutomi, Mami Hirai, Masayasu Ohmori, Shohei Oka, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Yuusaku Sugihara, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Takehiro Tanaka, Toshiharu Mitsuhashi, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 33 ( 6 ) 948 - 954 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The propriety of cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) using jumbo biopsy forceps for diminutive polyps remains controversial. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the complete CFP resection rate of 3-5-mm polyps using additional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) specimens following CFP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with 3-5-mm protruded or flat elevated colorectal polyps diagnosed endoscopically as adenomas or serrated lesions were prospectively enrolled. CFP using jumbo biopsy forceps was used to remove the eligible polyps and repeated until the absence of residuals were confirmed via image-enhanced endoscopy or chromoendoscopy. After CFP, saline was injected at the defect, and the marginal specimen of the defect was resected using EMR to histologically evaluate the residue. The primary outcome was the complete CFP resection rate, which was defined as no residue at the EMR site. Other outcomes were the number of CFP bites and the complete resection rate by lesion size. RESULTS: Eighty patients with 120 polyps were enrolled. The mean polyp size was 4.1 ± 0.7 mm. The overall complete resection rate was 96.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.7-98.7), and the rates for 3-, 4- and 5-mm polyps were 100% (95% CI, 86.7-100), 96.0% (95% CI, 86.5-98.9) and 95.5% (95% CI, 85.1-98.8), respectively. The one-bite CFP rates were 92%, 60% and 31% for the 3-, 4- and 5-mm polyps, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The complete CFP resection rate for 3-5-mm polyps was acceptable, although the one-bite clearance rate decreased as the polyp size increased (UMIN000028841).

DOI： 10.1111/den.13895

Continued Aspirin Treatment May Be a Risk Factor of Delayed Bleeding after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection under Heparin Replacement: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Kenta Hamada, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Masafumi Inoue, Shuhei Ishiyama, Kenji Yamauchi, Koji Miyahara, Tatsuya Toyokawa, Takao Tsuzuki, Jiro Miyaike, Minoru Matsubara, Sakuma Takahashi, Mamoru Nishimura, Ryuta Takenaka, Naoko Yunoki, Shinichiro Hori, Sayo Kobayashi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hideki Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Okada

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 59 ( 21 ) 2643 - 2651 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) under heparin replacement (HR) of warfarin reportedly has a high risk of delayed bleeding (24-57%). It is possible that the delayed bleeding risk may have changed over the years. We evaluated the current risk of delayed bleeding after gastric ESD under HR of anticoagulant agents. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the delayed bleeding rate and analyzed the risk factors for delayed bleeding. Patients Consecutive patients who underwent gastric ESD under HR of anticoagulant agents from July 2015 to June 2017. Results A total of 32 patients with a solitary early gastric cancer and taking anticoagulant agents were analyzed, including 24 patients on warfarin (the warfarin group) and 8 patients on direct oral anticoagulants (the DOAC group). Three (9.4%) patients experienced delayed bleeding: three (12.5%) patients in the warfarin group and no patients in the DOAC group. Continued aspirin treatment was identified to be a risk factor of delayed bleeding (p=0.01). Conclusion Careful management may be required for patients undergoing gastric ESD under continued aspirin treatment in addition to HR of anticoagulant agents; although the delayed bleeding risk after gastric ESD under HR of anticoagulant agents might have decreased over the years.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.4998-20

イキセキズマブ投与後に重症腸炎を発症したSAPHO症候群の1例

倉岡紗樹子, 竹井健介, 井川翔子, 安富絵里子, 山本峻平, 大森正泰, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 114回 74 - 74 2020.11

潰瘍性大腸炎における経腹超音波検査の有用性

高原政宏, 平岡佐規子, 大森正泰, 安富絵里子, 岡昌平, 平井麻美, 井口俊博, 山本峻平, 山崎泰史, 衣笠秀明, 原田馨太, 大西秀爾, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会雑誌 117 ( 臨増大会 ) A706 - A706 2020.10

Factors Predicting a Favorable Disease Course Without Anti-TNF Therapy in Crohn's Disease Patients.

Toshihiro Inokuchi, Sakiko Hiraoka, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Seiji Kawano, Keita Harada, Hiroyuki Okada, Jun Kato

Acta medica Okayama 74 ( 4 ) 265 - 274 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Determining factors that predict a favorable disease course without anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents would help establish a more cost-effective strategy for Crohn's disease (CD). A retrospective chart review was performed for CD patients with disease durations > 10 years who had not received anti-TNF agents as first-line therapy. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those who received neither anti-TNF agents nor bowel resection (G1), and those who had received an anti-TNF agent and/or bowel resection (G2). The patient backgrounds, therapies and clinical courses were compared between the groups. A total of 62 CD patients met the inclusion criteria (males: 71%; median duration of follow-up: 19 years). Six patients were included in G1; they were significantly less likely to have upper gastrointestinal lesions than G2 (p=0.007). A multivariate analysis revealed that the significant factors for avoidance of bowel resection without anti-TNF treatment were non-stricturing and non-penetrating behaviors, and absence of upper gastrointestinal lesions at the diagnosis (hazard ratios 0.41 and 0.52; p=0.004 and 0.04, respectively). In consideration of the long treatment course of CD, patients with non-stricturing and non-penetrating behaviors and no upper gastrointestinal lesions should not be treated with anti-TNF agents as first-line therapy.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/60363

Blue laser imaging and linked color imaging improve the color difference value and visibility of colorectal polyps in underwater conditions. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Keita Harada, Shumpei Yamamoto, Eriko Yasutomi, Shotaro Okanoue, Mami Hirai, Shohei Oka, Yuka Obayashi, Hiroyuki Sakae, Kenta Hamada, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Yuusaku Sugihara, Masahiro Takahara, Takehiro Tanaka, Sakiko Hiraoka, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 32 ( 5 ) 791 - 800 2020.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) has become widespread for treating colorectal polyps. However, which observational mode is best suited for determining polyp margins underwater remains unclear. To determine the best mode, we analyzed three imaging modes: white light imaging (WLI), blue laser imaging (BLI) and linked color imaging (LCI). METHODS: Images of consecutive colorectal polyps previously examined by these three modes before UEMR were analyzed according to the degree of underwater turbidity (transparent or cloudy). Color differences between the polyps and their surroundings were calculated using the Commission Internationale d'Eclairage Lab color space in which 3-D color parameters were expressed. Eight evaluators, who were blinded to the histology, scored the visibility from one (undetectable) to four (easily detectable) in both underwater conditions. The color differences and visibility scores were compared. RESULTS: Seventy-three polyps were evaluated. Sixty-one polyps (44 adenomatous, 17 serrated) were observed under transparent conditions, and 12 polyps (seven adenomatous, five serrated) were observed under cloudy conditions. Under transparent conditions, color differences for the BLI (8.5) and LCI (7.9) were significantly higher than that of WLI (5.7; P < 0.001). Visibility scores for BLI (3.6) and LCI (3.4) were also higher than that of WLI (3.1; P < 0.0001). Under cloudy conditions, visibility scores for LCI (2.9) and WLI (2.7) were significantly higher than that of BLI (2.2; P < 0.0001 and P = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: BLI and LCI were better observational modes in transparent water; however, BLI was unsuitable for cloudy conditions.

DOI： 10.1111/den.13581

Dynamics of endoscopic snares: a new approach towards more practical and objective performance evaluation. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Yuki Ushimaru, Noriko Matsuura, Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi, Shun Nitta, Masaomi Agatsuma, Hiroyuki Okada, Kiyokazu Nakajima

Endoscopy international open 8 ( 6 ) E792-E795 2020.6

悪性黒色腫の遅発性転移により小腸重積をきたした1例

林里美, 衣笠秀明, 山本峻平, 大森正泰, 安富絵里子, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 川野誠司, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 田中健大, 寺石文則, 山崎修, 岡田裕之

日本消化器内視鏡学会中国支部例会 124回 41 - 41 2020.6

Feasibility of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection and management of residues for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial neoplasms. International journal

Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Kentaro Nakagawa, Masayasu Ohmori, Kenshi Matsuno, Shuntaro Inoue, Taro Iwatsubo, Hiroko Nakahira, Noriko Matsuura, Satoki Shichijo, Akira Maekawa, Takashi Kanesaka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 32 ( 4 ) 565 - 573 2020.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) is effective for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial neoplasms (SNADEN). However, the incidence of residual lesion after UEMR, especially for large lesions (≥20 mm), and their prognosis remain unclear. We aimed to assess the incidence of residual lesions and further outcomes after UEMR for SNADEN. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study at a tertiary cancer institute. Candidates for the study were systematically retrieved from an endoscopic and pathological database from January 2013 to April 2018. RESULTS: A total of 162 SNADEN resected with UEMR were analyzed. Median (range) procedure time was 5 (1-70) min. En bloc resection rates for large lesions (≥20 mm) and small lesions (<20 mm) were 14% and 79%, respectively. Intraprocedural bleeding occurred in one (0.6%) case, but no intraprocedural perforation occurred during the study. Delayed bleeding occurred in two (1.2%) cases and delayed perforation occurred in one (0.6%) case. A total of 157 (97%) lesions were followed up by at least one endoscopic examination. Of these lesions, residual lesions were recognized in seven cases (5%). Additional UEMR was carried out in five lesions and underwater cold snare polypectomy in one lesion. One lesion was observed without additional treatment. After salvage intervention, no cases experienced further residual lesions. CONCLUSION: Although UEMR for SNADEN can be relevant when other efficacious procedures are unavailable, careful follow up for residual lesions is required especially after piecemeal resection for large lesions.

DOI： 10.1111/den.13541

Observer agreement for the diagnosis of intestinal acute graft-vs.-host disease based on the presence of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum. International journal

Yuusaku Sugihara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Eriko Yasutomi, Shohei Oka, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Yuki Morito, Sakuma Takahashi, Keita Harada, Takehiro Tanaka, Fumio Otsuka, Hiroyuki Okada

Experimental and therapeutic medicine 19 ( 4 ) 3076 - 3080 2020.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Intestinal graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication of allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Villous atrophy in the terminal ileum is considered a useful diagnostic indicator for GVHD. However, the inter- and intra-observer agreement regarding the ileocolonoscopic findings indicative of acute intestinal GVHD, i.e., villous atrophy in the terminal ileum, are currently insufficient in multiple institutions. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the incidence of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum to diagnose acute intestinal GVHD and determine the inter- and intra-observer agreement regarding this result for experienced endoscopists from multiple institutions. Consecutive patients who underwent allo-HSCT were referred to our institution between May 2008 and September 2015. A total of 54 patients underwent total ileocolonoscopy after allo-HSCT due to suspected intestinal acute GVHD. Subsequently, three observers from different institutions evaluated the cases for the presence of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum. In this study, the pathology results were a gold standard to evaluate the predictive value of ileocolonoscopy detection. Definitive pathological and non-pathological GVHD was diagnosed in 22 and 32 cases, respectively. The results of examining whether villous atrophy could predict GVHD were as follows. For three observers (A, B and C), the sensitivity of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum was 86.4, 77.3 and 79.2%, respectively, whereas the specificity was 62.5, 62.5 and 86.7%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of villous atrophy for GVHD were as follows: The PPV of appearance was 61.3, 58.6 and 82.6%, respectively, whereas the NPV was 87.0, 80.0 and 83.9%, respectively. Kappa coefficients for the inter-observer reliability were 0.85, 0.63 and 0.63 for observers A and B, A and C, and B and C, respectively. The intra-observer kappa coefficient was 0.88 for observer A, 0.73 for observer B and 0.75 for observer C. A substantial observer agreement was achieved for the analysis of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum and the agreement for the predictive histological diagnosis was also excellent. Based on the results of the present study, identification of villous atrophy in the terminal ileum was a clinically effective diagnostic parameter, even if different endoscopists were involved in the diagnosis at multiple institutions. The present study was registered as a trial with the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN; registration no. UMIN000025390).

DOI： 10.3892/etm.2020.8538

Underwater endoscopic papillectomy using double-balloon endoscopy. International journal

Tatsuhiro Yamazaki, Daisuke Uchida, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takeshi Tomoda, Kazuyuki Matsumoto, Hironari Kato, Hiroyuki Okada

Endoscopy 52 ( 2 ) E55-E56 2020.2

Differentiation between duodenal neoplasms and non-neoplasms using magnifying narrow-band imaging - Do we still need biopsies for duodenal lesions? International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Takashi Kanesaka, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Minoru Kato, Masayasu Ohmori, Yusuke Tonai, Kenta Hamada, Noriko Matsuura, Taro Iwatsubo, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 32 ( 1 ) 84 - 95 2020.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic biopsies for nonampullary duodenal epithelial neoplasms (NADENs) can induce submucosal fibrosis, making endoscopic resection difficult. However, no biopsy-free method exists to distinguish between NADENs and non-neoplasms. We developed a diagnostic algorithm for duodenal neoplasms based on magnifying endoscopy findings and evaluated the model's diagnostic ability. METHODS: Magnified endoscopic images and duodenal lesion histology were collected consecutively between January 2015 and April 2016. Diagnosticians classified the surface patterns as pit, groove or absent. In cases of nonvisible surface patterns, the vascular pattern was evaluated to determine regularity or irregularity. The correlation between our algorithm (pit-type or absent with irregular vascular pattern) and the lesion histology were evaluated. Four evaluators, who were blinded to the histology, also classified the endoscopic findings and evaluated the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement. RESULTS: Endoscopic images of 114 lesions were evaluated (70 NADENs and 44 non-neoplasms, 31 in the superior and 83 in the descending and horizontal duodenum). Of the NADEN surface patterns, 88% (62/70) were pit-type, while 79% (35/44) of the non-neoplasm surface patterns were groove-type. Our diagnostic algorithm for differentiating NADENs from non-neoplasms was high (sensitivity 96%, specificity 95%) in the descending and horizontal duodenum. The evaluators' diagnostic performances were also high, and interobserver agreement for the algorithm was good between each diagnostician and evaluator (κ = 0.60-0.76). CONCLUSION: Diagnostic performance of our algorithm sufficiently enabled eliminating endoscopic biopsies for diagnosing the descending and horizontal duodenum.

DOI： 10.1111/den.13485

Switching between Three Types of Mesalazine Formulation and Sulfasalazine in Patients with Active Ulcerative Colitis Who Have Already Received High-Dose Treatment with These Agents. International journal

Eriko Yasutomi, Sakiko Hiraoka, Shumpei Yamamoto, Shohei Oka, Mami Hirai, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Keita Harada, Jun Kato, Hiroyuki Okada

Journal of clinical medicine 8 ( 12 ) 2019.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral mesalazine and sulfasalazine (SASP) are key drugs for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). The efficacy of switching from one of the several mesalazine formulations to another is largely unknown. This study assessed the efficacy of switching among three types of mesalazine formulation and SASP for UC therapy. METHODS: UC patients receiving high-dose mesalazine/SASP who switched to other formulations due to disease activity were considered eligible. Efficacy was evaluated 2, 6, and 12 months after switching. RESULTS: A total of 106 switches in 88 UC patients were analyzed. The efficacy at 2 months after switching was observed in 23/39 (59%) cases from any mesalazine formulation to SASP, in 18/55 (33%) cases from one mesalazine to another, and in 2/12 (17%) cases from SASP to any mesalazine formulation. Nine of 43 effective cases showed inefficacy or became intolerant post-switching. Delayed efficacy more than two months after switching was observed in four cases. Steroid-free remission was achieved in 42/106 (39%) cases-within 100 days in 35 of these cases (83%). CONCLUSIONS: Switching from mesalazine to SASP was effective in more than half of cases. The efficacy of switching between mesalazine formulations was lower but may be worth attempting in clinical practice from a safety perspective.

DOI： 10.3390/jcm8122109

直腸顆粒細胞腫(Granular Cell Tumor)の1例

深田悠史, 衣笠秀明, 山本俊平, 平井麻美, 安富絵里子, 岡昌平, 山崎泰史, 井口俊博, 高原政宏, 原田馨太, 平岡佐規子, 田中健大, 岡田裕之

日本消化器病学会中国支部例会プログラム・抄録集 112回 146 - 146 2019.11

Endoscopic appearance of esophageal xanthoma. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Noriya Uedo, Chiaki Kubo, Yasuhiko Tomita, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Masayasu Omori, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Yusuke Tonai, Satoki Shichijo, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 7 ( 10 ) E1214-E1220 2019.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and study aims Esophageal xanthomas are considered to be rare, and their endoscopic diagnosis has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine the characteristics of the endoscopic appearance of esophageal xanthomas. Patients and methods This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with histologically diagnosed esophageal xanthomas at a referral cancer center in Japan. The endoscopic appearance, by magnifying or image-enhanced endoscopy, and histological findings of esophageal xanthomas were investigated. Results Seven patients (six men and one woman) were enrolled. All of the patients had a solitary lesion, and the median size was 2 mm (range, 1 - 5 mm). Conventional white-light endoscopy showed the lesions as flat areas with yellowish spots in four cases and slightly elevated yellowish lesions in three cases. Magnifying endoscopy, performed in six patients, revealed the lesions as areas with aggregated minute yellowish spots with tortuous microvessels inside. Magnifying narrow-band imaging contrasted the yellowish spots and microvessels better than white-light endoscopy. In all lesions, histological examination showed that the yellowish spots corresponded to papillae filled with foam cells. The foam cells were strongly immunopositive for CD68, and in all lesions, CD34-positive intrapapillary capillaries surrounded the aggregated foam cells. The different morphologies of the flat and slightly elevated lesions corresponded to different densities of papillae filled with foam cells. Conclusions Magnifying endoscopy revealed minute yellowish spots with tortuous microvessels inside. These correspond well with histological findings and so may be useful in the diagnosis of esophageal xanthomas.

DOI： 10.1055/a-0966-8544

Berberine improved experimental chronic colitis by regulating interferon-γ- and IL-17A-producing lamina propria CD4+ T cells through AMPK activation. International journal

Masahiro Takahara, Akinobu Takaki, Sakiko Hiraoka, Takuya Adachi, Yasuyuki Shimomura, Hiroshi Matsushita, Tien Thi Thuy Nguyen, Kazuko Koike, Airi Ikeda, Shiho Takashima, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Yusaku Sugihara, Keita Harada, Shingo Eikawa, Hidetoshi Morita, Heiichiro Udono, Hiroyuki Okada

Scientific reports 9 ( 1 ) 11934 - 11934 2019.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The herbal medicine berberine (BBR) has been recently shown to be an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) productive activator with various properties that induce anti-inflammatory responses. We investigated the effects of BBR on the mechanisms of mucosal CD4+T cell activation in vitro and on the inflammatory responses in T cell transfer mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We examined the favorable effects of BBR in vitro, using lamina propria (LP) CD4+ T cells in T cell transfer IBD models in which SCID mice had been injected with CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells. BBR suppressed the frequency of IFN-γ- and Il-17A-producing LP CD4+ T cells. This effect was found to be regulated by AMPK activation possibly induced by oxidative phosphorylation inhibition. We then examined the effects of BBR on the same IBD models in vivo. BBR-fed mice showed AMPK activation in the LPCD4+ T cells and an improvement of colitis. Our study newly showed that the BBR-induced AMPK activation of mucosal CD4+ T cells resulted in an improvement of IBD and underscored the importance of AMPK activity in colonic inflammation.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-48331-w

Sporadic Minute Pharyngeal Xanthomas Detected Incidentally During Esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A Case Series. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Yoji Takeuchi, Chiaki Kubo, Yasuhiko Tomita, Masayasu Omori, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Head and neck pathology 13 ( 2 ) 277 - 280 2019.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Pharyngeal xanthomas are considered rare, and no reports have described their endoscopic appearance under magnifying or image-enhanced endoscopy. We report three cases of asymptomatic sporadic pharyngeal xanthoma that were detected incidentally during routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy. All the patients were men and had a solitary lesion of about 1 mm in size. Two of the lesions were located in the oropharynx, while one was in the hypopharynx. Non-magnifying endoscopy showed yellowish lesions, and magnifying endoscopy showed an aggregation of minute yellowish nodules with tortuous microvessels on their surface. Histopathological examination revealed foam cells filling the intraepithelial papillae. The foam cells were strongly immunopositive for cluster of differentiation (CD) 68. Immunohistochemical staining for CD34 showed intrapapillary capillaries around the foam cells. This characteristic magnifying endoscopic appearance corresponded to the histopathological findings of pharyngeal xanthomas. The present cases reveal the relationship between the endoscopic appearance and histopathological findings of pharyngeal xanthomas.

DOI： 10.1007/s12105-018-0911-9

Efficacy of traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using a clip-and-thread technique: A prospective randomized study (with videos)

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Takashi Kanesaka, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 61 ( 2 ) 192 - 204 2019.2

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society

Background and Aim: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains challenging because of technical difficulties, long procedure time, and high risk of adverse events. To facilitate colorectal ESD, we developed traction-assisted colorectal ESD using a clip and thread (TAC-ESD) and conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate its efficacy. Methods: Patients with superficial colorectal neoplasms (SCN) ≥ 20 mm were enrolled and randomly assigned to the conventional- ESD group or to the TAC-ESD group. SCN ≤ 50 mm were treated by two intermediates, and SCN &gt
50 mm were treated by two experts. Primary endpoint was procedure time. Secondary endpoints were TAC-ESD success rate (sustained application of the clip and thread until the end of the procedure), self-completion rate by the intermediates, and adverse events. Results: Altogether, 42 SCN were analyzed in each ESD group (conventional and TAC). Procedure time (median [range]) for the TAC-ESD group was significantly shorter than that for the conventional- ESDgroup (40 [11-86] min vs 70[30-180] min, respectively
P &lt
0.0001). Success rate of TAC-ESD was 95% (40/42). The intermediates self-completion rate was significantly higher for the TAC-ESD group than for the conventional-ESD group (100% [39/ 39] vs 90% [36/40], respectively
P = 0.04). Adverse events included one intraoperative perforation in the conventional-ESD group and one delayed perforation in the TAC-ESD group. Conclusion: Traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection reduced the procedure time and increased the self-completion rate by the intermediates (UMIN000018612).

DOI： 10.11280/gee.61.192

Response to Galán-Puchades and Fuentes. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Koji Takemoto, Kensuke Takei, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoshiro Fujiwara

The American journal of gastroenterology 114 ( 2 ) 357 - 357 2019.2

Efficacy of vonoprazan in prevention of bleeding from endoscopic submucosal dissection-induced gastric ulcers: a prospective randomized phase II study.

Kenta Hamada, Noriya Uedo, Yusuke Tonai, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Satoki Shichijo, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi, Keisuke Fukui, Toshio Shimokawa

Journal of gastroenterology 54 ( 2 ) 122 - 130 2019.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Vonoprazan, potassium-competitive acid blocker, is expected to reduce incidence of delayed bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD); however, preliminary data to design a large-scale comparative study are lacking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of vonoprazan in preventing delayed bleeding after gastric ESD. METHODS: In this single-center randomized phase II trial, a modified screened selection design was used with a threshold non-bleeding rate of 89% and an expected rate of 97%. In this design, Simon's optimal two-stage design was first applied for each parallel group, and efficacy was evaluated in comparison with the threshold rate using binomial testing. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either vonoprazan 20 mg (VPZ group) or lansoprazole 30 mg (PPI group) for 8 weeks from the day before gastric ESD. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delayed bleeding, defined as endoscopically confirmed bleeding accompanied by hematemesis, melena, or a decrease in hemoglobin of ≥ 2 g/dl. RESULTS: Delayed bleeding occurred in three of 69 patients (4.3%, 95% CI 0.9-12.2%, p = 0.047) in the VPZ group, and four of 70 (5.7%, 95% CI 1.6-14.0%, p = 0.104) in the PPI group. As only vonoprazan showed significant reduction in delayed bleeding compared with the threshold rate, it was determined to be efficacious treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Vonoprazan efficaciously reduced the delayed bleeding rate in patients with an ESD-induced gastric ulcer. A large-scale, randomized, phase III study is warranted to definitively test the effectiveness of vonoprazan compared with proton pump inhibitors.

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-018-1487-6

Comparison of Two Electrosurgical Modes for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Superficial Colorectal Neoplasms: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Yuusaku Sugihara, Keita Harada, Shohei Oka, Eriko Yasutomi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Hideaki Kinugasa, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Fumio Otsuka, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 73 ( 1 ) 81 - 84 2019.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is reportedly one of the standard treatment strategies for large superficial colorectal neoplasms in Japan because of its high en bloc resection rate. A few technical issues regarding ESD should be considered, one of which is the selection of the Endo-cut I mode versus the Swift-coagulation mode as the electrosurgical unit mode setting during submucosal dissection. We seek to determine which of these two modes is more suitable for submucosal dissections of colorectal tumors with regard to procedure time and safety.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/56463

Yellowish lesions in the oesophagus. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Yasushi Yamasaki, Jun-Ichi Kubota, Hiroyuki Okada

Gut 68 ( 1 ) 39 - 158 2019.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old man, who had no previous disease, underwent a screening oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, which revealed multiple yellowish lesions in the middle thoracic oesophagus. All lesions were ≤3 mm in size and slightly elevated. Each lesion showed one or two white protrusions on the surface (figure 1). We observed that one lesion looked obviously different from the others and showed yellowish granular spots (figure 2). A biopsy was performed on a representative lesion among the slightly elevated yellowish lesions with white protrusions (figure 3). A biopsy was repeated on a lesion showing yellowish granular spots (figure 4). Blood tests which were examined on the same day, including triglyceride and cholesterol, were within normal limits. gutjnl;68/1/39/F1F1F1Figure 1Slightly elevated yellowish lesions with white protrusions in the middle thoracic oesophagus. gutjnl;68/1/39/F2F2F2Figure 2A lesion showing yellowish granular spots in the middle thoracic oesophagus. QUESTION: What is the diagnosis?

DOI： 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315700

Differences in Clinical Course of Intraprocedural and Delayed Perforation Caused by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Neoplasms: A Retrospective Study. International journal

Taro Iwatsubo, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Kentaro Nakagawa, Masamichi Arao, Masayasu Ohmori, Hiroyoshi Iwagami, Kenshi Matsuno, Shuntaro Inoue, Hiroko Nakahira, Noriko Matsuura, Satoki Shichijo, Akira Maekawa, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara

Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 37 ( 1 ) 53 - 62 2019

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Although the use of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as a minimally invasive treatment for large superficial colorectal neoplasms is increasing, colorectal ESD remains technically challenging. As perforation in the colorectum is generally considered to be associated with a higher risk of complications, the aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of perforation caused by colorectal ESD. METHODS: This retrospective study included 635 lesions treated with colorectal ESD, between February 2011 and December 2015, in a tertiary cancer center. We evaluated and compared the clinical course and short-term outcomes of the intraprocedural perforation group with those of the delayed perforation and no perforation groups. RESULTS: Perforation occurred in 45 (7.1%) of the 635 cases. Thirty-six cases were intraprocedural perforation (5.7%), all of which were successfully closed with endoclips during the procedure. Nine cases of delayed perforation occurred (1.4%). No emergency surgery was performed in the intraprocedural perforation group; however, 5 of 9 cases underwent emergency surgery in the delayed perforation group (56%, p < 0.0001). There were statistically significant differences between the intraprocedural and delayed perforation groups with regard to the hospitalization period, fasting period, abdominal pain scale, peak white blood cell (WBC) count, and peak C-reactive protein (CRP), and between the intraprocedural and no perforation groups with regard to the location of the lesion, hospitalization period, fasting period, abdominal pain scale, peak WBC, peak CRP, and en bloc resection rate. CONCLUSIONS: While intraprocedural perforation due to colorectal ESD can be managed conservatively, delayed perforation can lead to serious adverse events.

DOI： 10.1159/000492868

Feasibility of Underwater Clip Closure for Large Mucosal Defects after Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Keita Harada, Shohei Oka, Shiho Takashima, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Yuusaku Sugihara, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestion 99 ( 4 ) 327 - 332 2019

Language：English

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Clip closure of mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (C-ESD) may decrease the incidence of delayed adverse events. The size of the defect to be closed by conventional clip is limited, however, and we sometimes encounter incomplete closure when the defect is located at the flexure. As, theoretically, underwater clip closure (UCC) could achieve complete closure despite these difficult cases, we investigated its feasibility. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 21 patients who underwent UCC after C-ESD. The main outcome was the UCC success rate, defined as complete closure of the defect. Other outcomes were procedure time, number of clips, and the delayed adverse event rate. RESULTS: The median resected specimen size was 31 mm (range 18-47 mm). The UCC success rate was 100%. The median procedure time was only 11 min (range 6-21 min). The median number of clips was 9 (range 5-16). No delayed adverse event occurred. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to use UCC to close large mucosal defects, although further studies are warranted to assess its efficacy.

DOI： 10.1159/000492815

Traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using a CLip and thread (TAC-ESD)

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Gastroenterological Endoscopy 61 ( 4 ) 405 - 416 2019

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society

Use of a clip and thread is a simple and effective traction technique for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. We can achieve good visualization of the submucosal layer during ESD by using a clip and thread. However, the conventional “clip-and-thread” technique required withdrawal of the endoscope for mounting the system
therefore, it was not fully applied for colorectal ESD. Our newly developed method - traction-assisted colorectal ESD using a clip and thread (TAC-ESD) - does not require withdrawal and reinsertion of the endoscope. Thus, we can easily apply this technique for colorectal ESD. TAC-ESD does not require special devices, and good traction can be achieved even in colorectal ESD. The strategy of TAC-ESD is simple, and it can be performed all over the world. TAC-ESD is useful for not only difficult cases but also standard cases in colorectal ESD. We can overcome the difficulties in colorectal ESD by performing TAC-ESD.

DOI： 10.11280/gee.61.405

Triamcinolone injection and filling method to prevent stricture after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection. International journal

Ryo Kato, Yasushi Yamasaki, Shouichi Tanaka

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 30 ( 6 ) 795 - 796 2018.11

Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Followed By Intralesional Steroid Injection for Anastomotic Strictures After Esophagectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International journal

Noboru Hanaoka, Ryu Ishihara, Masaaki Motoori, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Noriko Matsuura, Yoshito Hayashi, Takuya Yamada, Takeshi Yamashina, Koji Higashino, Tomofumi Akasaka, Masahiko Yano, Yuri Ito, Hiroshi Miyata, Keijiro Sugimura, Kenta Hamada, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takashi Kanesaka, Kenji Aoi, Takashi Ito, Hiroyasu Iishi

The American journal of gastroenterology 113 ( 10 ) 1468 - 1474 2018.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is a standard treatment for anastomotic strictures after esophagectomy, and requires multiple dilations. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of adding a steroid injection to EBD to reduce restricture. METHODS: Patients were randomized to receive EBD combined with either triamcinolone or placebo injection. The primary endpoint was the number of dilations required to resolve the stricture. The secondary endpoints were restricture-free survival and adverse events. Patients with a dysphagia symptom score of ≥2 after esophagectomy with an endoscopy-confirmed anastomotic stricture were included. A total of 50 mg of triamcinolone acetonide (50 mg/5 mL) or an identical volume of normal saline solution as a placebo was injected per site using a 25-gauge needle immediately after EBD. Both the patient and treating physician were blinded to the treatment given. RESULTS: During the 4-year study period, 65 patients were randomized to either the steroid group (n = 33) or placebo group (n = 32). The median number of EBDs required to resolve strictures was 2.0 (interquartile range, 1.0-2.5) in the steroid group and 4.0 (interquartile range, 2.0-6.8) in the placebo group (p < 0.001). After 6 months of follow-up, 39% of patients who had received steroid injections remained recurrence free compared with 16% of those who had received saline injections (p = 0.002). No adverse events occurred during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Steroid injection shows promising results for the prevention of stricture recurrence in patients who underwent EBD for anastomotic strictures.

DOI： 10.1038/s41395-018-0253-y

Traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for a giant rectal tumor: Multiple clip-and-threads technique. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Keita Harada, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 30 ( 5 ) 697 - 699 2018.9

Line-assisted complete closure for a large mucosal defect after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection decreased post-electrocoagulation syndrome. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Takeshi Yamashina, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Satoki Shichijo, Hiroko Nakahira, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 30 ( 5 ) 633 - 641 2018.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The incidence of post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) coagulation syndrome (PECS) can be decreased by closing mucosal defects. However, large mucosal defects after colorectal ESD cannot be closed endoscopically. We established line-assisted complete clip closure (LACC), a novel technique for large mucosal defects after colorectal ESD. We evaluated the prophylactic efficacy of LACC for preventing PECS. METHODS: Sixty-one consecutive patients on whom LACC after colorectal ESD was attempted from January 2016 to August 2016 were analyzed. After exclusion of patients with incomplete LACC and adverse events during ESD, 57 patients comprised the LACC group. In contrast, 495 patients who did not undergo closure of a mucosal defect comprised the control group. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for patients' backgrounds. Treatment outcomes were evaluated between the groups. RESULTS: Median resected specimen size in the LACC-attempted group was 35 mm (range, 20-72 mm), and LACC success rate was 95% (58/61). Median procedure time of LACC was 14 min. In the LACC group, incidence of PECS was only 2%, and no delayed bleeding or perforation occurred. Propensity score matching created 51 matched pairs. Adjusted comparisons between the LACC and control groups showed a lower incidence of PECS (0% vs 12%, respectively; P = 0.03) and shorter hospitalization (5 vs 6 days, respectively; P < 0.001) in the LACC group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that LACC can effectively reduce the incidence of PECS, although further large-scale studies are warranted.

DOI： 10.1111/den.13052

Villous atrophy in the terminal ileum is a specific endoscopic finding correlated with histological evidence and poor prognosis in acute graft-versus-host disease after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. International journal

Yuusaku Sugihara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Nobuharu Fujii, Shiho Takashima, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Kenji Kuwaki, Keita Harada, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okada

BMC gastroenterology 18 ( 1 ) 111 - 111 2018.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Endoscopic biopsy can provide a definitive diagnosis, but the optimal endoscopic approach for diagnosis remains uncertain. This study evaluated whether ileocolonoscopic imaging can predict acute GVHD severity after allo-HSCT. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent allo-HSCT were referred to our institution, and those diagnosed with acute GVHD by pathology were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS: Fifty-one of 261 patients who underwent ileocolonoscopy were suspected to have acute intestinal GVHD. We performed univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression with stepwise variable selection; villous atrophy in the terminal ileum remained a statistically significant predictor of GVHD severity (odds ratio, 4.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-20.60, P = 0.04). Patients were classified into three groups based on ileal endoscopic findings in the terminal ileum: group S, GVHD with severe villous atrophy; group M, mild atrophy; and group N, no atrophy. Compared with patients in groups M and N, those in group S had significant clinical GVHD at diagnosis (P = 0.03). In group S, three of four, compared with five of 13 patients in groups M and N, required the addition of second-line agents (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that severe atrophy of the terminal ileum predicts severe clinical GVHD that is likely to be refractory to steroid treatment. Thus, the severity of terminal ileum atrophy may serve as a tool in predicting clinically severe GVHD. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial Registration Number UMIN 000022805 , Registration date July 1, 2016.

DOI： 10.1186/s12876-018-0829-4

Transoral endoscopic examination of head and neck region. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Tomofumi Akasaka, Masamichi Arao, Taro Iwatsubo, Satoki Shichijo, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 30 ( 4 ) 516 - 521 2018.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Transoral endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI) is useful for early detection of head and neck (HN) cancer. However, the lateral and anterior walls of the oropharynx, postcricoid area, and posterior wall of the hypopharynx are difficult to observe using transoral endoscopy. Advanced cancers in these regions may be missed even when NBI is used. This report highlights a method of transoral endoscopic examination of the HN region. For observation of the oral cavity and oropharynx, it is important to observe these regions without using a mouthpiece. Wide opening of the mouth facilitates observation of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Moreover, visibility of the oropharynx, including the anterior wall, is dramatically improved, when the patient positions the tongue forward and says 'aaah.' This technique also facilitates observation of the dorsum of the tongue, which is difficult to observe from a tangential view when using a mouthpiece. To observe the hypopharynx, the Valsalva maneuver is very useful. Patient cooperation is important when observing the HN region thoroughly to gain clear endoscopic views. Narcotic drugs, such as pethidine hydrochloride, are ideal for conscious sedation and reduce the gag reflex while still allowing patient cooperation. From the oral cavity to the hypopharynx, including the lateral and anterior walls of the oropharynx, postcricoid area, and posterior wall of the hypopharynx, most of the HN region can be observed during routine examination using transoral endoscopy without any special devices.

DOI： 10.1111/den.13071

Efficacy of traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using a clip-and-thread technique: A prospective randomized study. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Takashi Kanesaka, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 30 ( 4 ) 467 - 476 2018.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains challenging because of technical difficulties, long procedure time, and high risk of adverse events. To facilitate colorectal ESD, we developed traction-assisted colorectal ESD using a clip and thread (TAC-ESD) and conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate its efficacy. METHODS: Patients with superficial colorectal neoplasms (SCN) ≥20 mm were enrolled and randomly assigned to the conventional-ESD group or to the TAC-ESD group. SCN ≤50 mm were treated by two intermediates, and SCN >50 mm were treated by two experts. Primary endpoint was procedure time. Secondary endpoints were TAC-ESD success rate (sustained application of the clip and thread until the end of the procedure), self-completion rate by the intermediates, and adverse events. RESULTS: Altogether, 42 SCN were analyzed in each ESD group (conventional and TAC). Procedure time (median [range]) for the TAC-ESD group was significantly shorter than that for the conventional-ESD group (40 [11-86] min vs 70 [30-180] min, respectively; P < 0.0001). Success rate of TAC-ESD was 95% (40/42). The intermediates' self-completion rate was significantly higher for the TAC-ESD group than for the conventional-ESD group (100% [39/39] vs 90% [36/40], respectively; P = 0.04). Adverse events included one intraoperative perforation in the conventional-ESD group and one delayed perforation in the TAC-ESD group. CONCLUSION: Traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection reduced the procedure time and increased the self-completion rate by the intermediates (UMIN000018612).

DOI： 10.1111/den.13036

Conventional versus traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric neoplasms: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (with video). International journal

Masao Yoshida, Kohei Takizawa, Sho Suzuki, Yoshiki Koike, Satoru Nonaka, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takeyoshi Minagawa, Chiko Sato, Chihiro Takeuchi, Ko Watanabe, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Hiroyuki Morimoto, Takafumi Yano, Kosuke Sudo, Keita Mori, Takuji Gotoda, Hiroyuki Ono

Gastrointestinal endoscopy 87 ( 5 ) 1231 - 1240 2018.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to clarify whether dental floss clip (DFC) traction improves the technical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: A superiority, randomized control trial was conducted at 14 institutions across Japan. Patients with single gastric neoplasm meeting the indications of the Japanese guidelines for gastric treatment were enrolled and assigned to receive conventional ESD or DFC traction-assisted ESD (DFC-ESD). Randomization was performed according to a computer-generated random sequence with stratification by institution, tumor location, tumor size, and operator experience. The primary endpoint was ESD procedure time, defined as the time from the start of the submucosal injection to the end of the tumor removal procedure. RESULTS: Between July 2015 and September 2016, 640 patients underwent randomization. Of these, 316 patients who underwent conventional ESD and 319 patients who underwent DFC-ESD were included in our analysis. The mean ESD procedure time was 60.7 and 58.1 minutes for conventional ESD and DFC-ESD, respectively (P = .45). Perforation was less frequent in the DFC-ESD group (2.2% vs .3%, P = .04). For lesions located in the greater curvature of the upper or middle stomach, the mean procedure time was significantly shorter in the DFC-ESD group (104.1 vs 57.2 minutes, P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that DFC-ESD does not result in shorter procedure time in the overall patient population, but it can reduce the risk of perforation. When selectively applied to lesions located in the greater curvature of the upper or middle stomach, DFC-ESD provides a remarkable reduction in procedure time.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gie.2017.11.031

Safety of cold snare polypectomy for duodenal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis: a prospective exploratory study. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Yoji Takeuchi, Hideki Ishikawa, Yasumasa Ezoe, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Yusuke Tonai, Satoki Shichijo, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy 50 ( 5 ) 511 - 517 2018.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) to remove multiple duodenal adenomas (MDAs) in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) could be an effective and less invasive method than more extensive surgery. The aim of the present study was to determine the safety of this procedure. METHODS: This prospective exploratory study included 10 consecutive patients with FAP and MDAs who underwent CSP for as many as 50 duodenal adenomas. The primary outcome was the incidence of severe adverse events. RESULTS: 10 patients were enrolled and underwent 332 CSPs from June 2016 to January 2017. The median procedure time was 33 minutes (range 25 - 53), and the median number of polyps removed during a single session was 35 (range 10 - 50). Most of the removed polyps were ≤ 10 mm. None of the 10 patients experienced a severe adverse event. One patient developed arterial bleeding during the procedure, but it was easily managed using hemoclips. CONCLUSIONS: CSP for MDAs in patients with FAP was safe. The long-term efficacy of this procedure should be investigated.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0043-124765

Ten Initial Cases of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Treatment of Esophageal Motility Disorders at Okayama University Hospital.

Yuusaku Sugihara, Keita Harada, Ryo Kato, Kenji Yamauchi, Shiho Takashima, Daisuke Takei, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Masahiro Takahara, Sakiko Hiraoka, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 72 ( 2 ) 99 - 104 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for treatment of esophageal motility disorders has recently been reported to be highly effective and less invasive than other treatment. POEM was recently introduced in Okayama University Hospital under the supervision of a physician from a high-volume center. To verify the safety and efficacy of POEM during its introduction in our institution. We examined 10 cases in whom POEM was performed between January 2016 and April 2017. The patients included 7 men and 3 women, with a median age (range) of 49 years (17-74) and median symptom duration of 6 years (1-21). Seven patients had a straight esophagus, and the remaining 3 had a sigmoid esophagus. According to the Chicago classification, 6 patients were diagnosed with type I achalasia, 2 with type II achalasia, and 2 with distal esophagus spasm. Treatment outcomes and adverse events were evaluated. Treatment success was defined as a > 3 decrease in Eckardt score or a score of <3 at the time of discharge. The treatment success rate was 90%, with the average Eckardt score decreasing significantly, from 4.7 to 0.9 (p<0.05). No mucosal perforation, severe infection, mediastinitis, severe bleeding, or gastroesophageal reflux occurred intraoperatively or postoperatively. POEM was introduced to Okayama University Hospital, and the first 10 cases were accomplished safely and effectively under the supervision of an expert physician from a high-volume center.

DOI： 10.18926/AMO/55849

Taenia saginata Infection Diagnosed Based on the Number of Uterine Branches Observed During Capsule Endoscopy. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Koji Takemoto, Kensuke Takei, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoshiro Fujiwara

The American journal of gastroenterology 113 ( 3 ) 327 - 327 2018.3

Impact of electrosurgical unit mode on post esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection stricture in an in vivo porcine model. International journal

Yusuke Tonai, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Masamichi Arao, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Syo Suzuki, Kenta Hamada, Satoki Shichijo, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Hiroko Nakahira, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Yasuhiko Tomita, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 6 ( 3 ) E376-E381 2018.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and aim: Strictures are a major complication of esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal carcinoma. Post ESD, stricture develops during the process of scar formation, which is related to inflammation caused by ESD. We planned a study to evaluate whether certain electrosurgical unit modes could attenuate strictures after esophageal ESD. Methods: A total of 16 ESD, three-quarters of the esophageal circumference, were performed in four live pigs. A ball-tip Flush knife was used for mucosal incision. Submucosal dissection was performed using a Hook knife in monopolar mode and a ball-tip Jet B-knife in bipolar mode. Applied electrosurgical unit modes were FORCED COAG, SWIFT COAG, SPRAY COAG, ENDO CUT in monopolar mode, and FORCED COAG in bipolar mode. One month after ESD, the pigs were killed humanely and the severity of strictures and fibrosis was assessed. Results: The resected site in the esophagus showed complete mucosal regrowth and scar formation in all pigs. The quotients of stricture following ENDO CUT, SWIFT COAG, FORCED COAG effect2, FORCED COAG effect3, FORCED COAG effect4, SPRAY COAG, and Bipolar FORCED COAG mode were 16 %, 28 %, 38 %, 33 %, 51 %, 39 %, and 47 %, respectively. The equivalent quotients of fibrosis were 7 %, 28 %, 31 %, 30 %, 35 %, 63 %, and 100 %, respectively. ENDO CUT mode was associated with the lowest mean quotients of stricture and fibrosis. Conclusion: ENDO CUT mode showed promising results to attenuate fibrosis and strictures after esophageal ESD.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0043-122883

Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial nonampullary duodenal adenomas. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noboru Hanaoka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Satoki Shichijo, Hiroko Nakahira, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy 50 ( 2 ) 154 - 158 2018.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) was recently developed in a Western country. A prospective cohort study to investigate the effectiveness of UEMR was conducted in patients with small superficial nonampullary duodenal adenomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with duodenal adenomas ≤ 20 mm were enrolled. After the duodenal lumen had been filled with physiological saline, UEMR was performed without submucosal injection. Endoclip closure was attempted for all mucosal defects after UEMR. Follow-up endoscopy with biopsy was performed 3 months later. The primary end point was the complete resection rate, defined as neither endoscopic nor histological residue of adenoma at the follow-up endoscopy. RESULTS: 30 patients with 31 lesions were enrolled. The mean (SD) tumor size was 12.0 mm (7.3). The complete resection rate was 97 % (90 % confidence interval, 87 % - 99 %). The en bloc resection rate was 87 %. All mucosal defects were successfully closed by endoclips. No adverse events occurred except for one case of mild aspiration pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: UEMR is efficacious for the treatment of small duodenal adenomas, but further large-scale trials are warranted to confirm these results.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0043-119214

Two cases of white globe appearance in non-cancerous stomach. International journal

Masaya Iwamuro, Takehiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Sakae, Yasushi Yamasaki, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Ecancermedicalscience 12 856 - 856 2018

Language：English

In this report, we describe two patients with white globe appearance in the non-cancerous stomach. The patient in Case 1 was an 82-year-old Japanese man who had been taking vonoprazan, dimethicone, acotiamide, sitagliptin, candesartan, dutasteride, etizolam and zolpidem. The patient in Case 2 was a 74-year-old Japanese woman who had been taking esomeprazole, rebamipide, sitagliptin, candesartan, ezetimibe, mirabegron, levocetirizine, zolpidem and lactobacillus preparation. In both cases, endoscopy revealed multiple white spots in the stomach. Magnifying endoscopy and blue laser imaging revealed a slightly elevated, round, white substance. Biopsied specimens from the lesions contained parietal cell protrusions and fundic gland cysts. Intraglandular necrotic debris was absent. Consequently, microscopic features in these cases were different from those reported previously for white globe appearance observed in gastric cancer lesions. These results indicate that white globe appearance can be observed in non-cancerous stomach. Although the macroscopic features could be confusing or misleading, thorough endoscopic observation and pathological analysis of white globe appearance will aid oncologists and endoscopists in differentiating between cancer-related lesions and non-cancerous lesions.

DOI： 10.3332/ecancer.2018.856

Current Status of Endoscopic Resection for Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo, Yoji Takeuchi, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestion 97 ( 1 ) 45 - 51 2018

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic resection (ER) is becoming the first choice of treatment for treating superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs), but ER procedures for SNADETs remain challenging because of the difficulty experienced in maneuvering the endoscope toward the thin duodenal wall, which results in a high rate of adverse events. Although several ER methods were used to overcome these technical difficulties and complications, ER methods for SNADETs are not standardized. A new technique, underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR), was developed recently in a western country, and its usefulness was reported. Beginning in 2014, we were the first to use UEMR for SNADETs in Japan. Thus, in our experience, we would propose an indication of the various ER methods for SNADETs according to the lesion size. SUMMARY: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and UEMR were effective and safe for small lesions (≤20 mm), but for large lesions (>20 mm), piecemeal removal of lesion by EMR and UEMR had high incidence of recurrence and adverse events. Especially, piecemeal EMR could cause delayed perforation. Cold snare polypectomy was useful for small lesions (≤10 mm), but further study of its recurrence is warranted. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) achieved a high complete resection rate regardless of the lesion size, but its rate of adverse events, including morbid complications, was high. Thus, after ESD for large lesions, secure prevention method for adverse events, such as closure of the wound by laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery, should be required. Key Messages: ER methods for treating SNADETs were proposed based on the lesion size. For large lesions, prophylactic methods for adverse events should be implemented.

DOI： 10.1159/000484112

Traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection by use of clip and line for a neoplasm involving colonic diverticulum. International journal

Taro Iwatsubo, Noriya Uedo, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Yugo Ando

VideoGIE : an official video journal of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2 ( 12 ) 337 - 338 2017.12

Traction-assisted colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection using the Mucosectom2 device. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Keita Harada, Hiroyuki Okada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 29 ( 7 ) 815 - 816 2017.11

Duodenal adenoma overlying a lipoma treated with laparoscopic endoscopic collaborative surgery. International journal

Taro Iwatsubo, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 29 ( 7 ) 812 - 813 2017.11

Case of colonic adenoma involving a diverticulum resected by a traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection technique. International journal

Satoki Shichijo, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 29 ( 6 ) 729 - 730 2017.9

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Resection Followed by Chemoradiotherapy for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noboru Hanaoka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Minoru Kato, Yusuke Tonai, Satoki Shichijo, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Hiroyasu Iishi, Naoyuki Kanayama, Takero Hirata, Yoshifumi Kawaguchi, Koji Konishi, Teruki Teshima

Clinical and translational gastroenterology 8 ( 8 ) e110 2017.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: The reported 1- and 3-year overall survival rates after esophagectomy for stage I superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) are 95-97% and 86%, and those after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are 98% and 89%, respectively. This study was performed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of another treatment option for SESCC: endoscopic resection (ER) followed by CRT. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the overall survival, recurrence, and grade ≥3 adverse events of consecutive patients who refused esophagectomy and underwent ER followed by CRT for SESCC from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2012. RESULTS: In total, 66 patients with SESCC underwent ER followed by CRT during the study period, and complete follow-up data were available for all patients. The median age was 67 (range, 45-82) years, and the median observation period was 51 (range, 7-103) months. Local and metastatic recurrences occurred in 2 (3%) and 6 (9%) patients, respectively, and 17 (26%) patients died. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 98%, 87%, and 75%, respectively. One of the 23 patients with mucosal cancer and 5 of 43 with submucosal cancer developed metastatic recurrences (P=0.65). Five of the 61 patients with negative vertical resection margin and 1 of 5 with positive vertical resection margin developed metastatic recurrences (P=0.39). None of the 30 patients without lymphovascular involvement developed metastatic recurrences; however, 6 of 36 patients with lymphovascular involvement developed metastatic recurrences (P=0.0098). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 21 (32%) patients and all adverse events were associated with CRT, hematological adverse events in 13 (20%), and non-hematological adverse events in 9 (14%). CONCLUSIONS: ER followed by CRT provides survival comparable with that of esophagectomy or definitive CRT and has a low local recurrence rate. A particularly favorable outcome is expected for cancers without lymphovascular involvement.

DOI： 10.1038/ctg.2017.36

Usefulness of the Valsalva maneuver without a mouthpiece to observe the hypopharynx using transoral endoscopy. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryu Ishihara, Kenta Hamada

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 29 ( 5 ) 643 - 644 2017.7

Comparing reduced-dose sodium phosphate tablets to 2 L of polyethylene glycol: A randomized study. International journal

Soichiro Ako, Koji Takemoto, Eriko Yasutomi, Chihiro Sakaguchi, Mayu Murakami, Tomoko Sunami, Shohei Oka, Hamada Kenta, Noriko Okazaki, Yuki Baba, Yasushi Yamasaki, Toshiyuki Asato, Daisuke Kawai, Ryuta Takenaka, Hirohumi Tsugeno, Sakiko Hiraoka, Jun Kato, Shigeatsu Fujiki

World journal of gastroenterology 23 ( 24 ) 4454 - 4461 2017.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIM: To compare the tolerability and quality of bowel cleansing between 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) and reduced-dose sodium phosphate (NaP) tablets as a preparation for colonoscopy. METHODS: Two hundred patients were randomly assigned to the PEG or NaP groups at the same ratio. The NaP group patients took 30 tablets with 2 L of clear liquid, while the PEG group patients took 2L of PEG. Tolerability was assessed by a questionnaire about taste, volume, and the overall impression. The bowel cleansing quality was evaluated by colonoscopists. RESULTS: Although NaP showed better tolerability in terms of taste, volume and overall impression (P < 0.01, P < 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively), the overall cleansing quality was better in the PEG group (P < 0.01). A subgroup analysis, stratified by sex and age, indicated that NaP was associated with better tolerability and equivalent bowel cleansing quality in females of < 50 years of age. CONCLUSION: Despite the better tolerability, the use of 30 NaP tablets with 2 L of clear liquid should be limited due to its lower cleansing quality; however, in certain cases the regimen may deserve consideration, particularly in cases involving young women.

DOI： 10.3748/wjg.v23.i24.4454

New subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma: mixed fundic and pyloric mucosa-type adenocarcinoma.

Takashi Kanesaka, Noriya Uedo, Kenshi Yao, Hiroshi Tanabe, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Akinori Iwashita, Yasuhiko Tomita

Clinical journal of gastroenterology 10 ( 3 ) 224 - 228 2017.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A 73-year-old woman underwent upper endoscopic screening that revealed a 30-mm superficial elevated lesion in the anterior wall of the upper gastric body. The lesion had a whitish color and coarse granular surface in conventional white light endoscopy. Magnifying narrow-band imaging indicated irregular microvascular and microsurface patterns within a demarcation line. The microvessels had a distorted polygonal shape within the area surrounded by the marginal crypt epithelium. The patient underwent endoscopic resection. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed a very well- to well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma with differentiation toward the mixed fundic and pyloric mucosa, without chief cells. The histological and serological findings indicated the absence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The present case demonstrates a new histological subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma, which has characteristic endoscopic findings.

DOI： 10.1007/s12328-017-0727-2

Line-assisted complete closure of duodenal mucosal defects after underwater endoscopic mucosal resection. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy 49 ( S 01 ) E37-E38 2017.2

Pethidine hydrochloride is a better sedation method for pharyngeal observation by transoral endoscopy compared with no sedation and midazolam. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryu Ishihara, Noboru Hanaoka, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Sachiko Yamamoto, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Yuri Ito, Masahiko Yano, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 29 ( 1 ) 39 - 48 2017.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Standard surveillance methods for pharyngeal cancer have not been established. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to investigate the best sedation method for pharyngeal observation using transoral endoscopy. METHODS: In total, 120 patients who underwent surveillance or diagnostic examinations for esophageal cancer were enrolled and divided equally into three groups (no sedation, midazolam, or pethidine hydrochloride). In the midazolam group, midazolam was given i.v. maintaining a Ramsay score of 3. In the pethidine group, pethidine hydrochloride (35 mg) given i.v. Seven sites in five pharyngeal regions were observed on insertion of the endoscope, and graded (0 = poor, 1 = good). After examination, the five pharyngeal regions were scored using a seven-point scale. Primary endpoint was the total score from the five pharyngeal regions. Secondary endpoints were the proportion of the perfect score using the seven-point scale, discomfort score, and adverse events. RESULTS: Mean total scores for the no sedation group, the midazolam group and the pethidine group were 5.7, 5.5, and 6.8, respectively (P < 0.0001). Proportion of patients with a perfect score for the no sedation group, the midazolam group and the pethidine group were 53%, 35%, and 89%, respectively (P < 0.0001). The pethidine group had better results than the other two groups. Discomfort score and adverse events were low in the pethidine group. CONCLUSION: Pethidine hydrochloride is a feasible and safe sedation method, and was superior to no sedation and midazolam regarding pharyngeal observation of esophageal cancer patients.

DOI： 10.1111/den.12746

Technical feasibility of line-assisted complete closure technique for large mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection. International journal

Minoru Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Masamichi Arao, Sho Suzuki, Taro Iwatsubo, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Satoki Shichijo, Noriko Matsuura, Hiroko Nakahira, Takashi Kanesaka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 5 ( 1 ) E11-E16 2017.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background and study aims Complete closure of large mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (C-ESD) is considered impossible in most cases because of the limited width of the open clip. We therefore invented a simple closure technique using clip-and-line, named "line-assisted complete closure (LACC)", and assessed its technical feasibility. Patients and methods Between January and February 2016, we performed LACC in 11 patients after C-ESD and included them in this retrospective feasibility study. Outcome measures were procedural success rate, procedure time, and post-procedural complications. Results The median size of the resected specimen was 36 mm (range 30 - 72 mm). Procedural success was achieved in 10 of 11 cases (91 %). Those 10 cases required a median of 9 endoclips (range 6 - 12) for complete closure. Median procedure time for LACC was 14 minutes (range 6 - 22). No complications were observed in any of the cases after the procedure. Conclusion LACC is a simple and feasible technique for complete closure of large mucosal defects after C-ESD.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0042-121002

The Very First Changes in the Tongue with the Development of Cancer. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki

European journal of case reports in internal medicine 4 ( 4 ) 000577 - 000577 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We describe the case of an elderly man with a 3-month history of pain at the tip of his tongue due to a lingual cancer. The lesion appeared slightly depressed and reddish. Our images show the very first changes in the tongue with the development of cancer. Patients with tongue pain often visit the internal medicine department first, so highlighting this case will help physicians detect lingual cancer quickly. LEARNING POINTS: Surgical treatment of lingual cancer may affect several tongue functions and remarkably decrease quality of life, so early detection is important to both improve prognosis and maintain quality of life after surgery.Lingual cancer first appears as a slightly depressed reddish lesion as lingual papillae disappear.Since patients with tongue pain often visit the internal medicine department first, early detection of lingual cancer depends on physicians.

DOI： 10.12890/2017_000577

Advanced Oropharyngeal Cancer Can Be Easily Missed During Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. International journal

Kenta Hamada, Tomofumi Akasaka, Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryu Ishihara

European journal of case reports in internal medicine 4 ( 4 ) 000597 - 000597 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The case of an elderly man with an advanced oropharyngeal cancer that was missed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy is described. He was referred for endoscopic resection of superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms. He died a month after referral due to an advanced oropharyngeal cancer with a metastatic lesion to the brain. Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are high risk for head and neck cancer. The pharynx is the most common site for cancer in the head and neck region. Consequently, the pharynx should be observed carefully when patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy. LEARNING POINTS: Head and neck cancer develops in approximately 10% of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The pharynx should be observed carefully when patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy because the pharynx is the most common site for cancer in the head and neck region.Sedation using narcotic drugs can reduce the gag reflex but still allow patients to vocalize and offer adequate conditions for pharyngeal observation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

DOI： 10.12890/2017_000597

Investigation of mucosal pattern of gastric antrum using magnifying narrow-band imaging in patients with chronic atrophic fundic gastritis. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Kenji Aoi, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Takeshi Yamashina, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Yasuhiko Tomita, Hiroyasu Iishi

Annals of gastroenterology 30 ( 3 ) 302 - 308 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) can reportedly help predict the presence and distribution of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in the gastric corpus. However, the micro-mucosal pattern of the antrum shown by M-NBI differs from that of the corpus. We studied the distribution and histology of the micro-mucosal pattern in the antrum based on magnifying endoscopy. METHODS: Endoscopic images of the greater curvature of the antrum were evaluated in 50 patients with chronic atrophic fundic gastritis (CAFG). The extent of CAFG was evaluated by autofluorescence imaging. The micro-mucosal pattern was evaluated by M-NBI and classified into groove and white villiform types. The localization of white villiform type mucosa was classified into three types in relation to the areae gastricae: null, central, and segmental types. Biopsies were taken from regions showing different micro-mucosal patterns. Associations among the extent of CAFG, micro-mucosal pattern, and histology were examined. RESULTS: As the extent of CAFG increased, the proportion of white villiform type mucosa increased, whereas that of groove type mucosa decreased (P=0.022). In patients with extensive CAFG, most of the areae gastricae was composed of the segmental or central type of white villiform type mucosa (P=0.044). The white villiform type mucosa had significantly higher grades of atrophy (P=0.002) and intestinal metaplasia (P<0.001) than did the groove type mucosa. CONCLUSION: White villiform type mucosa is indicative of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in the gastric antrum. It extends to the whole or central part of the areae gastricae as CAFG becomes more extensive.

DOI： 10.20524/aog.2017.0134

Clinical Outcomes of Endoscopic Hemostasis in Marginal Ulcer Bleeding.

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryuta Takenaka, Keisuke Hori, Koji Takemoto, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Shigeatsu Fujiki, Hiroyuki Okada

Acta medica Okayama 70 ( 6 ) 469 - 475 2016.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The usefulness of endoscopy in marginal ulcer bleeding has rarely been studied, and the optimal method for preventing rebleeding is unclear. Here we assessed the efficacy of endoscopy in marginal ulcer bleeding and examined the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the prevention of rebleeding. A total of 28 patients with marginal ulcer bleeding (21 men, 7 women; median age 58.5 years) were treated by endoscopy. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, results of endoscopic therapy, characteristics of rebleeding patients, and relation between the use of PPIs and the duration of rebleeding. Sixteen patients had active bleeding. Initial hemostasis was achieved in all patients. There were no procedure-related adverse events. Rebleeding occurred in one patient within the first month and in 7 patients thereafter. There was a significant difference in the rebleeding rate between the patients who received a PPI and those who did not. In a multivariate analysis, the non-use of PPIs was a risk factor for rebleeding (hazard ratio, 6.22). Therapeutic endoscopy is effective in achieving hemostasis from marginal ulcer bleeding. PPIs may prevent rebleeding from marginal ulcers.

Line-assisted complete closure of large gastric mucosal defects by use of multiple clip-and-line technique. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Minoru Kato, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara

VideoGIE : an official video journal of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 1 ( 3 ) 49 - 50 2016.11

First reports of esophageal adenocarcinoma with white globe appearance in Japanese and Caucasian patients. International journal

Yusuke Tonai, Ryu Ishihara, Yasushi Yamasaki, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Yasuhiko Tomita, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 4 ( 10 ) E1075-E1077 2016.10

Language：English

Background and study aims: Better endoscopic diagnosis in case of Barrett's esophagus is still needed. White globe appearance (WGA) is a novel endoscopic marker for gastric adenocarcinoma, with high sensitivity for differentiating between gastric cancer/high-grade dysplasia and other lesions. We report 2 cases of esophageal adenocarcinoma with WGA. In Case 1, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a 10-mm esophageal adenocarcinoma in a 48-year-old Japanese woman with short-segment Barrett's esophagus. A small (< 1 mm) white globular lesion, typical of WGA, was observed under the epithelium by magnifying narrow-band imaging. A dilated neoplastic gland with eosinophilic material and necrotic epithelial fragments was identified at the site of the WGA by histologic examination. In Case 2, EGD revealed a 5-mm esophageal adenocarcinoma in a 60-year-old Caucasian man with long-segment Barrett's esophagus. A typical WGA was observed by magnifying narrow-band imaging and similar histologic findings were identified at the site of the WGA. WGA could be a reliable endoscopic finding for target biopsy in esophageal adenocarcinoma, if its specificity is as high as in gastric cancer. The clinical implications of WGA in patients with Barrett's esophagus should be investigated further.

Line-assisted complete closure of a large colorectal mucosal defect after endoscopic submucosal dissection. International journal

Minoru Kato, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society 28 ( 6 ) 686 - 686 2016.9

Feasibility of Simple Traction Technique for Rectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Digestive diseases and sciences 61 ( 7 ) 2127 - 31 2016.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Rectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a highly effective procedure that achieves high en bloc resection regardless of lesion size or location. However, rectal ESD has a higher risk of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding and still difficult for beginners. Therefore, we designed a novel traction technique "traction-assisted rectal ESD using a clip-with-line (TAREC)," and investigated its feasibility. METHODS: Between December 2014 and July 2015, ten patients with rectal neoplasms (median size 36 mm; range 20-125 mm) were treated using the TAREC technique. RESULTS: In all lesions, good visibility of the submucosal layer was obtained, and the submucosal layer was dissected easily under direct visualization. All lesions were removed en bloc, and there were no procedure-related adverse events including postoperative bleeding. In particular, we experienced no intraoperative bleeding, which may be difficult to stop in some circumstances. CONCLUSIONS: The TAREC technique is a simple and generally applicable procedure. This technique is feasible for rectal ESD.

DOI： 10.1007/s10620-016-4036-2

Endoscopic surveillance of head and neck cancer in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. International journal

Minoru Kato, Ryu Ishihara, Kenta Hamada, Yusuke Tonai, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 4 ( 7 ) E752-5 2016.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) frequently arise in the upper aerodigestive tract, referred to as the field cancerization phenomenon. The aim of this study was to elucidate the detailed clinical features of second primary head and neck (H&N) SCCs arising in patients with esophageal SCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 818 patients underwent endoscopic resection for superficial esophageal cancer between January 2006 and December 2013. Of these, 439 patients met our inclusion criteria, and we retrospectively investigated the incidence, primary sites, and stages of second primary H&N SCCs in these patients. RESULTS: A total of 53 metachronous H&N SCCs developed in 40 patients after a median follow-up period of 46 months (range 9 - 109). The cumulative incidence rates of metachronous H&N SCCs at 3, 5, and 7 years were 5.3 %, 9.7 %, and 17.2 %, respectively. These lesions were frequently located at pyriform sinus or in the posterior wall of the pharynx (70 %, 37/53 lesions). Most of the lesions were detected at an early stage, though 4 lesions were associated with lymph node metastasis when their primary sites were detected (1 postcricoid area, 2 posterior wall of hypopharynx, and 1 lateral wall of oropharynx). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with esophageal SCC should undergo careful inspection of the pyriform sinus and posterior wall of the pharynx for detection of H&N SCCs. Methods to open the hypopharyngeal space, such as the Valsalva maneuver, should be included in the surveillance program.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0042-106720

Refractory strictures despite steroid injection after esophageal endoscopic resection. International journal

Noboru Hanaoka, Ryu Ishihara, Noriya Uedo, Yoji Takeuchi, Koji Higashino, Tomofumi Akasaka, Takashi Kanesaka, Noriko Matsuura, Yasushi Yamasaki, Kenta Hamada, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 4 ( 3 ) E354-9 2016.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Although steroid injection prevents stricture after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), some patients require repeated sessions of endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD). We investigated the risk for refractory stricture despite the administration of steroid injections to prevent stricture in patients undergoing esophageal ESD. Refractory stricture was defined as the requirement for more than three sessions of EBD to resolve the stricture. In addition, the safety of steroid injections was assessed based on the rate of complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 127 consecutive patients who underwent esophageal ESD and had mucosal defects with a circumferential extent greater than three-quarters of the esophagus. To prevent stricture, steroid injection was performed. EBD was performed whenever a patient had symptoms of dysphagia. RESULTS: The percentage of patients with a tumor circumferential extent greater than 75 % was significantly higher in those with refractory stricture than in those without stricture (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, history of radiation therapy, tumor location, and tumor diameter showed that a tumor circumferential extent greater than 75 % was an independent risk factor for refractory stricture (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.49 [95 %CI 1.91 - 15.84], P = 0.002). Major adverse events occurred in 3 patients (2.4 %): perforation during EBD in 2 patients and delayed perforation after EBD in 1 patient. The patient with delayed perforation underwent esophagectomy because of mediastinitis. CONCLUSIONS: A tumor circumferential extent greater than 75 % is an independent risk factor for refractory stricture despite steroid injections. The development of more extensive interventions is warranted to prevent refractory stricture.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0042-100903

Features of electrocoagulation syndrome after endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasm. International journal

Takeshi Yamashina, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Kenta Hamada, Kenji Aoi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Tomofumi Akasaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 31 ( 3 ) 615 - 20 2016.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a promising treatment for large gastrointestinal superficial neoplasms, although it is technically difficult, and perforation and delayed bleeding are well-known adverse events. However, there have been no large studies about electrocoagulation syndrome after colorectal ESD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical significant risk factors of post-ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in a referral cancer center. A total of 336 patients with colorectal neoplasms (143 adenomas or serrated lesions and 193 carcinomas) underwent ESD from January 2011 to June 2013. Incidence, outcome, and factors associated with occurrence of PECS were investigated. RESULTS: Occurred in 32 patients (9.5%). The median time until PECS was 15.5 h, and the median period of PECS was 32.5 h. Fever (≥37.6 °C) after ESD was found in 41% of the PECS group and 9% of the non-PECS group (P < 0.001). All PECS cases were managed conservatively. On multivariate analysis, female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 3.2, P = 0.002), lesion location at ascending colon and cecum (OR = 3.5, P = 0.001), and resected specimen ≥40 mm (OR = 2.1, P = 0.05) were independent risk factors for PECS. CONCLUSIONS: Occurred in 32 patients (9.5%) with colorectal ESD; however, all cases had a good outcome with conservative management. Female sex, tumor location at the ascending colon and cecum, and resected specimen ≥40 mm were independently significant risk factors for PECS.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.13052

Traction-assisted colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection using clip and line: a feasibility study. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Minoru Kato, Kenta Hamada, Kenji Aoi, Yusuke Tonai, Noriko Matsuura, Takashi Kanesaka, Takeshi Yamashina, Tomofumi Akasaka, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy international open 4 ( 1 ) E51-5 2016.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a challenging procedure because it is often difficult to maintain good visualization of the submucosal layer. To facilitate colonic ESD, we designed a novel traction method, namely traction-assisted colonic ESD using clip and line (TAC), and investigated its feasibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 23 patients with large colonic superficial lesions who had undergone TAC. The main outcome was the procedural success rate of TAC, which we defined as successful, sustained application of clip and line to the lesion until the end of the procedure. RESULTS: The procedural success rate of TAC was 87 % (20/23). In all three unsuccessful cases, the lesions were in the proximal colon and the procedure times over 100 minutes. The overall mean procedure time was 61 min (95 % confidence interval, 18 - 172 min). We achieved en bloc resections of all lesions. There were no perforations or fatal adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: TAC is feasible and safe for colonic ESD and may improve the ease of performing this procedure.

DOI： 10.1055/s-0041-107779

"Take your polyp for a walk": endoscopic retrieval of multiple colon polyps using a clip and line. International journal

Tomofumi Akasaka, Yoji Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Noboru Hanaoka, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyashu Iishi

Endoscopy 48 Suppl 1 E291-2 2016

Endoscopic submucosal dissection as minimally invasive treatment for superficial pharyngeal cancer: a phase II study (with video). International journal

Noboru Hanaoka, Ryu Ishihara, Yoji Takeuchi, Motoyuki Suzuki, Shinji Otozai, Kota Kida, Tadashi Yoshii, Takashi Fujii, Kunitoshi Yoshino, Toshimitsu Sugawa, Koji Kitamura, Ryo Kanemura, Ryosuke Koike, Noriya Uedo, Koji Higashino, Tomofumi Akasaka, Takeshi Yamashina, Takashi Kanesaka, Noriko Matsuura, Kenji Aoi, Yasushi Yamasaki, Kenta Hamada, Hiroyasu Iishi, Yasuhiko Tomita

Gastrointestinal endoscopy 82 ( 6 ) 1002 - 8 2015.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been applied for superficial pharyngeal cancer, no prospective trials have been reported. To investigate the efficacy and safety of ESD for superficial pharyngeal cancer, we conducted a prospective phase II trial. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with 73 lesions were enrolled from September 2010 to August 2014, and ESD was performed. The primary endpoint was the complete resection rate. Secondary endpoints were safety, recurrence-free survival, overall survival, and incidence of metachronous pharyngeal cancer. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients had stage 0-III cancer: stage 0, n = 22; stage I, n = 14; stage II, n = 17; and stage III, n = 1. The en bloc resection rate was 100%, and the complete resection rate was 79.5% (58/73 lesions; 95% confidence interval, 68%-88%). No serious adverse events related to ESD were encountered. Four patients required nasogastric intubation and feeding. No patients required percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and tracheotomy. Swallowing, speech, and airway functions were preserved in all patients. One of the 54 patients died of an unrelated illness. Median follow-up was 27 months (range 6-55 months). Local cervical lymph node metastasis was observed in 1 patient, and the case was salvaged successfully with lymph node dissection. The 3-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 97.7% and 98.1%, respectively. Cumulative development of multiple cancers of the pharynx at 3 years was 18.4%. CONCLUSIONS: ESD appears to be a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment in patients with superficial pharyngeal cancer. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: UMIN000003623.).

DOI： 10.1016/j.gie.2015.06.021

A Randomized Trial of Monopolar Soft-mode Coagulation Versus Heater Probe Thermocoagulation for Peptic Ulcer Bleeding. International journal

Tomokazu Nunoue, Ryuta Takenaka, Keisuke Hori, Noriko Okazaki, Kenta Hamada, Yuki Baba, Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiroyuki Seki, Toshihiro Inokuchi, Koji Takemoto, Akihiko Taira, Hirofumi Tsugeno, Shigeatsu Fujiki, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada

Journal of clinical gastroenterology 49 ( 6 ) 472 - 6 2015.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endoscopic therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in achieving hemostasis for bleeding peptic ulcers. Thermal coagulation is one of the most commonly used methods, with a high success rate. Recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric carcinoma was developed and hemostasis with soft coagulation using hemostatic forceps was introduced. The aim of this study was to compare the hemostatic efficacy of soft coagulation with heater probe thermocoagulation for peptic ulcer bleeding. METHODS: Patients who visited our hospital with hematemesis or melena underwent emergency endoscopy. Inclusion criteria were presentation with an actively bleeding ulcer, a nonbleeding visible vessel, or an adherent clot. Patients were excluded if they were unwilling to give written informed consent or had a bleeding gastric malignancy. Patients were randomized to receive endoscopic hemostasis with soft coagulation (Group S) or heater probe thermocoagulation (Group H). The primary endpoint was the primary hemostasis rate and secondary endpoints were rebleeding rate, complications, and the procedure time. RESULTS: Between May 2010 and February 2012, a total of 111 patients (89 gastric ulcers and 22 duodenal ulcers) were enrolled. Primary hemostasis was achieved in 54 patients (96%) in Group S and 37 (67%) in Group H (P<0.0001). Rebleeding occurred in 7 patients in Group H and none in Group S. Of these 7 patients, urgent surgery was performed in 1. Perforation occurred in 2 patients in Group H, which was managed conservatively. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding, soft coagulation using monopolar hemostatic forceps is more effective than heater probe thermocoagulation for achieving hemostasis.

DOI： 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000190

Tolerability of magnifying narrow band imaging endoscopy for esophageal cancer screening. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryuta Takenaka, Keisuke Hori, Koji Takemoto, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada, Shigeatsu Fujiki, Kazuhide Yamamoto

World journal of gastroenterology 21 ( 9 ) 2793 - 9 2015.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIM: To compare the tolerability of magnifying narrow band imaging endoscopy for esophageal cancer screening with that of lugol chromoendoscopy. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled and analyzed 51 patients who were at high risk for esophageal cancer. All patients were divided into two groups: a magnifying narrow band imaging group, and a lugol chromoendoscopy group, for comparison of adverse symptoms. Esophageal cancer screening was performed on withdrawal of the endoscope. The primary endpoint was a score on a visual analogue scale for heartburn after the examination. The secondary endpoints were scale scores for retrosternal pain and dyspnea after the examinations, change in vital signs, total procedure time, and esophageal observation time. RESULTS: The scores for heartburn and retrosternal pain in the magnifying narrow band imaging group were significantly better than those in the lugol chromoendoscopy group (P = 0.004, 0.024, respectively, ANOVA for repeated measures). The increase in heart rate after the procedure was significantly greater in the lugol chromoendoscopy group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to other vital sign. The total procedure time and esophageal observation time in the magnifying narrow band imaging group were significantly shorter than those in the lugol chromoendoscopy group (450 ± 116 vs 565 ± 174, P = 0.004, 44 ± 26 vs 151 ± 72, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Magnifying narrow band imaging endoscopy reduced the adverse symptoms compared with lugol chromoendoscopy. Narrow band imaging endoscopy is useful and suitable for esophageal cancer screening periodically.

DOI： 10.3748/wjg.v21.i9.2793

Endoscopic mucosal resection of early stage colon neuroendocrine carcinoma. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Yasuhiko Tomita

BMJ case reports 2015 2015.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Early stage colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare. A small colon tumour was found in a 56-year-old man during diagnostic colonoscopy performed after a positive faecal occult blood test, and he was referred for treatment. A slightly reddish superficial elevated lesion with a shallow depression 10 mm in size was found in the transverse colon. Magnifying narrow-band imaging revealed disrupted irregular microvessels and the absence of a surface pattern in the depressed area. En bloc endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of the tumour was undertaken. The tumour was positive for chromogranin A and synaptophysin, and had a mitotic rate of >20/10 high-power fields and a Ki-67 proliferative index of >50%; it was diagnosed as a neuroendocrine carcinoma. The tumour minimally invaded the submucosa (300 μm) without lymphovascular involvement. The patient was followed up carefully, and at 1 year after EMR, no recurrence was found using colonoscopy and CT scans.

DOI： 10.1136/bcr-2014-208148

Use of non-invasive serum glycan markers to distinguish non-alcoholic steatohepatitis from simple steatosis. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Kazuhiro Nouso, Koji Miyahara, Nozomu Wada, Chihiro Dohi, Yuki Morimoto, Hideaki Kinugasa, Yasuto Takeuchi, Tetsuya Yasunaka, Kenji Kuwaki, Hideki Onishi, Fusao Ikeda, Yasuhiro Miyake, Shinichiro Nakamura, Hidenori Shiraha, Akinobu Takaki, Yoshiaki Iwasaki, Maho Amano, Shin-Ichiro Nishimura, Kazuhide Yamamoto

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 30 ( 3 ) 528 - 34 2015.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Serum glycans have been reported to be promising diagnostic markers for many inflammatory diseases and cancers. The aims of this study were to investigate whole glycan expression in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and to evaluate the potential use of glycan profiles as new clinical biomarkers to distinguish non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from simple steatosis (SS). METHODS: We collected sera from 42 histologically proven NASH and 15 SS patients prior to treatment. Serum glycan profiles were measured by comprehensive, quantitative, high-throughput glycome analysis, and diagnostic values of serum glycans for NASH prediction were examined. RESULTS: Among the 41 serum glycans examined, the expression levels of 8 glycans in NASH were significantly higher than those of SS. Out of these eight glycans, three glycans (m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584) showed high areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.833, 0.863, and 0.866, respectively) for distinguishing NASH from SS. In multivariate analyses with clinical parameters and serum glycans, these three glycans were significant predictive factors for distinguishing NASH from SS. The odds ratio of m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584 were 48.5, 6.46, and 11.8, respectively. These glycans also correlated significantly with lobular inflammation, ballooning, and fibrosis, but not with steatosis. CONCLUSION: We clearly demonstrated whole-serum glycan profiles in NASH patients, and the feasibility of serum glycans (m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584) as new noninvasive biomarkers for distinguishing NASH from SS.

DOI： 10.1111/jgh.12726

A novel traction method using an endoclip attached to a nylon string during colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection. International journal

Yasushi Yamasaki, Yoji Takeuchi, Noboru Hanaoka, Koji Higashino, Noriya Uedo, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi

Endoscopy 47 Suppl 1 UCTN E238-9 2015

Intramucosal gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma completely resected with endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Yasushi Yamasaki, Junichiro Nasu, Kou Miura, Yoshiyasu Kono, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Keisuke Hori, Takehiro Tanaka, Masahide Kita, Takao Tsuzuki, Minoru Matsubara, Seiji Kawano, Yoshiro Kawahara, Masahiro Tabata, Hiroyuki Okada, Kazuhide Yamamoto

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 54 ( 8 ) 917 - 20 2015

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Composite tumors in the stomach composed of adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma are rare. We herein report a case of intramucosal gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) that was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). A 77-year-old man who had previously received ESD for early gastric adenocarcinoma underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for screening, which showed a depressed lesion on the lesser curvature of the antrum. The tumor was removed en bloc via ESD and pathologically diagnosed as MANEC. The tumor was located within the mucosal layer, and no lymphovascular invasion was evident. Seven months after the ESD procedure, the patient is currently feeling well without recurrence or metastasis.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3469

Monopolar Soft-Mode Coagulation Using Hemostatic Forceps for Peptic Ulcer Bleeding

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryuta Takenaka, Tomokazu Nunoue, Yoshiyasu Kono, Koji Takemoto, Akihiko Taira, Hirofumi Tsugeno, Shigeatsu Fujiki

HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGY 61 ( 136 ) 2272 - 2276 2014.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：H G E UPDATE MEDICAL PUBLISHING S A

Background/Aims: Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage from bleeding peptic ulcer is sometimes difficult to treat by conventional endoscopic methods. Recently, monopolar electrocoagulation using a soft-coagulation system and hemostatic forceps (soft coagulation) has been used to prevent bleeding during endoscopic submucosal dissection. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of soft coagulation in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcer. Methodology: A total of 39 patients with peptic ulcers were treated using soft coagulation at our hospital between January 2005 and March 2010. Emergency treatment employed an ERBE soft-mode coagulation system using hemostatic forceps. Second-look endoscopy was performed to evaluate the efficacy of prior therapy. Initial hemostasis was defined as accomplished by soft coagulation, with or without other endoscopic therapy prior to soft coagulation. The rate of initial hemostasis, rebleeding, and ultimate hemostasis were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The study subjects were 31 men and 8 women with a mean age of 68.3 +/- 13.7 years, with 29 gastric ulcers and 10 duodenal ulcers. Initial hemostasis was achieved in 37 patients (95%). During follow-up, bleeding recurred in two patients, who were retreated with soft coagulation. Conclusions: The monopolar soft coagulation is feasible and safe for treating bleeding peptic ulcers.

DOI： 10.5754/hge13780

Chromoendoscopy of gastric adenoma using an acetic acid indigocarmine mixture. International journal

Yoshiyasu Kono, Ryuta Takenaka, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada, Keisuke Hori, Seiji Kawano, Yasushi Yamasaki, Koji Takemoto, Takayoshi Miyake, Shigeatsu Fujiki, Kazuhide Yamamoto

World journal of gastroenterology 20 ( 17 ) 5092 - 7 2014.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIM: To investigate the usefulness of chromoendoscopy, using an acetic acid indigocarmine mixture (AIM), for gastric adenoma diagnosed by forceps biopsy. METHODS: A total of 54 lesions in 45 patients diagnosed as gastric adenoma by forceps biopsy were prospectively enrolled in this study and treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) between January 2011 and January 2012. AIM-chromoendoscopy (AIM-CE) was performed followed by ESD. AIM solution was sprinkled and images were recorded every 30 s for 3 min. Clinical characteristics such as tumor size (< 2 cm, ≥ 2 cm), surface color in white light endoscopy (WLE) (whitish, normochromic or reddish), macroscopic appearance (flat or elevated, depressed), and reddish change in AIM-CE were selected as valuables. RESULTS: En bloc resection was achieved in all 54 cases, with curative resection of fifty two lesions (96.3%). Twenty three lesions (42.6%) were diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and the remaining 31 lesions (57.4%) were gastric adenoma. All adenocarcinoma lesions were well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas and were restricted within the mucosal layer. The sensitivity of reddish color change in AIM-CE is significantly higher than that in WLE (vs tumor size ≥ 2 cm, P = 0.016, vs normochromic or reddish surface color, P = 0.046, vs depressed macroscopic type, P = 0.0030). On the other hand, no significant differences were found in the specificity and accuracy. In univariate analysis, normochromic or reddish surface color in WLE (OR = 3.7, 95%CI: 1.2-12, P = 0.022) and reddish change in AIM-CE (OR = 14, 95%CI: 3.8-70, P < 0.001) were significantly related to diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). In multivariate analysis, only reddish change in AIM-CE (OR = 11, 95%CI: 2.3-66, P = 0.0022) was a significant factor associated with diagnosis of EGC. CONCLUSION: AIM-CE may have potential for screening EGC in patients initially diagnosed as gastric adenoma by forceps biopsy.

DOI： 10.3748/wjg.v20.i17.5092

[The impact of guidelines for the management of acute cholecystitis in a rural area of Japan].

Yasushi Yamasaki, Ryuta Takenaka, Noriko Okazaki, Yuki Baba, Kenta Hamada, Hiroki Takayama, Koji Takemoto, Akihiko Taira, Hirofumi Tsugeno, Yasuhiro Kubota, Doufu Hayashi, Shigeatsu Fujiki

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology 110 ( 10 ) 1774 - 82 2013.10

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We monitored the management of acute cholecystitis in a rural area of Japan to determine the effectiveness of new guidelines for the management of acute cholecystitis and cholangitis. Between January 2000 and September 2011, 366 patients were treated for acute cholecystitis. Of these, 59 had common bile duct stones (CBDS) and 307 did not. Patients in both groups were further subdivided into two groups: a before guidelines group (BGG; n=153) and an after guideline group (AGG; n=154). Among the patients without CBDS, early cholecystectomy was more common in the AGG group (n=53) than in the BGG group. Furthermore, the length of hospital stay was four days shorter in the AGG group than in the BGG group (n=23). Among the patients with CBDS, the timing of cholecystectomy after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was seven days earlier in the AGG group than in the BGG group. Even in a rural area of Japan, early cholecystectomy appears safe and can decrease the length of hospital stay.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy in a Patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease. International journal

Akinori Uruha, Toshio Shimizu, Tomoji Katoh, Yasushi Yamasaki, Shiro Matsubara

Case reports in medicine 2011 156104 - 156104 2011

Language：English

We report a 74-year-old man with Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) whose only prior illness was peptic ulcer disease. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated gastric ulcer scars accompanied by marked deformity, without pathologic evidence of malignancy. WE due to peptic ulcer disease in previous reports was substantially associated with thiamine deficiency due to recurrent vomiting or surgical procedures. In our case, however, there was no history of vomiting or gastrointestinal surgery. Besides, we thoroughly ruled out other known clinical settings related to WE. There is the possibility that peptic ulcer disease itself provoked thiamine deficiency due to malabsorption.

DOI： 10.1155/2011/156104

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