記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Starch biosynthetic enzymes form multi-protein complexes consisting of starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and starch branching enzyme (BE) IIb, which synthesize amylopectin clusters. This study analyzed the starch properties in two double mutant rice lines lacking SSIIa and BEIIb, one of which expressed an inactive BEIIb protein. The ss2a be2b lines showed similar or greater seed weight than the be2b lines, and plant growth was not affected. The ss2a line showed increased short amylopectin chains resulting in a lower gelatinization temperature. Starch granule morphology and A-type crystallinity were similar between the ss2a line and the wild type, except for a mild chalky seed phenotype in the ss2a line. However, the starch phenotype of the ss2a be2b lines, which was similar to that of be2b but not ss2a, was characterized by increased long amylopectin chains, abnormal starch granules, and B-type crystallinity. The similarity in phenotype between the ss2a be2b and be2b lines may be attributed to the inability of the be2b mutants to generate short amylopectin branches, which serve as primers for SSIIa. Therefore, the presence or absence of SSIIa hardly affected the amylopectin structure under the be2b background. The amylose content was significantly higher in the ss2a be2b lines than in the be2b lines. Starch crystallinity was greater in ss2a be2b lines than in be2b lines, despite the fact that starch crystallinity is generally negatively correlated with amylose content. This suggests that the formation of a double helix between long amylopectin chains and amylose affects starch crystallinity in the ss2a be2b mutants.

DOI： 10.5458/jag.jag.JAG-2021_0002

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2018.01817

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

Starch granule morphology differs markedly among plant species. However, the mechanisms controlling starch granule morphology have not been elucidated. Rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm produces characteristic compound-type granules containing dozens of polyhedral starch granules within an amyloplast. Some other cereal species produce simple-type granules, in which only one starch granule is present per amyloplast. A double mutant rice deficient in the starch synthase (SS) genes SSIIIa and SSIVb (ss3a ss4b) produced spherical starch granules, whereas the parental single mutants produced polyhedral starch granules similar to the wild type. The ss3a ss4b amyloplasts contained compound-type starch granules during early developmental stages, and spherical granules were separated from each other during subsequent amyloplast development and seed dehydration. Analysis of glucan chain length distribution identified overlapping roles for SSIIIa and SSIVb in amylopectin chain synthesis, with a degree of polymerization of 42 or greater. Confocal fluorescence microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy of wild-type developing rice seeds revealed that the majority of SSIVb was localized between starch granules. Therefore, we propose that SSIIIa and SSIVb have crucial roles in determining starch granule morphology and in maintaining the amyloplast envelope structure. We present a model of spherical starch granule production.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.15.01232

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

Starch is a biologically and commercially important polymer of glucose. Starch is organized into starch grains (SGs) inside amyloplasts. The SG size differs depending on the plant species and is one of the most important factors for industrial applications of starch. There is limited information on genetic factors regulating SG sizes. In this study, we report the rice (Oryza sativa) mutant substandard starch grain6 (ssg6), which develops enlarged SGs in endosperm. Enlarged SGs are observed starting at 3 d after flowering. During endosperm development, a number of smaller SGs appear and coexist with enlarged SGs in the same cells. The ssg6 mutation also affects SG morphologies in pollen. The SSG6 gene was identified by map-based cloning and microarray analysis. SSG6 encodes a protein homologous to aminotransferase. SSG6 differs from other rice homologs in that it has a transmembrane domain. SSG6-green fluorescent protein is localized in the amyloplast membrane surrounding SGs in rice endosperm, pollen, and pericarp. The results of this study suggest that SSG6 is a novel protein that controls SG size. SSG6 will be a useful molecular tool for future starch breeding and applications.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.15.01811

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcv123

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Amylopectin is a highly branched, organized cluster of glucose polymers, and the major component of rice starch. Synthesis of amylopectin requires fine co-ordination between elongation of glucose polymers by soluble starch synthases (SSs), generation of branches by branching enzymes (BEs), and removal of misplaced branches by debranching enzymes (DBEs). Among the various isozymes having a role in amylopectin biosynthesis, limited numbers of SS and BE isozymes have been demonstrated to interact via protein-protein interactions in maize and wheat amyloplasts. This study investigated whether protein-protein interactions are also found in rice endosperm, as well as exploring differences between species. Gel permeation chromatography of developing rice endosperm extracts revealed that all 10 starch biosynthetic enzymes analysed were present at larger molecular weights than their respective monomeric sizes. SSIIa, SSIIIa, SSIVb, BEI, BEIIb, and PUL co-eluted at mass sizes >700 kDa, and SSI, SSIIa, BEIIb, ISA1, PUL, and Pho1 co-eluted at 200-400 kDa. Zymogram analyses showed that SSI, SSIIIa, BEI, BEIIa, BEIIb, ISA1, PUL, and Pho1 eluted in high molecular weight fractions were active. Comprehensive co-immunoprecipitation analyses revealed associations of SSs-BEs, and, among BE isozymes, BEIIa-Pho1, and pullulanase-type DBE-BEI interactions. Blue-native-PAGE zymogram analyses confirmed the glucan-synthesizing activity of protein complexes. These results suggest that some rice starch biosynthetic isozymes are physically associated with each other and form active protein complexes. Detailed analyses of these complexes will shed light on the mechanisms controlling the unique branch and cluster structure of amylopectin, and the physicochemical properties of starch.

DOI： 10.1093/jxb/erv212

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcv024

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/jxb/eru310

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

DOI： 10.1104/pp.113.229591

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Japanese Society of Applied Glycoscience  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a unique, network-like morphology. The ER structures are composed of tubules, cisternae, and three-way junctions. This morphology is highly conserved among eukaryotes, but the molecular mechanism that maintains ER morphology has not yet been elucidated. In addition, certain Brassicaceae plants develop a unique ER-derived organelle called the ER body. This organelle accumulates large amounts of PYK10, a beta-glucosidase, but its physiological functions are still obscure. We aimed to identify a novel factor required for maintaining the morphology of the ER, including ER bodies, and employed a forward-genetic approach using transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (GFP-h) with fluorescently-labeled ER. We isolated and investigated a mutant (designated endoplasmic reticulum morphology3, ermo3) with huge aggregates and abnormal punctate structures of ER. ERMO3 encodes a GDSL-lipase/esterase family protein, also known as MVP1. Here, we showed that, although ERMO3/MVP1/GOLD36 was expressed ubiquitously, the morphological defects of ermo3 were specifically seen in a certain type of cells where ER bodies developed. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis combined with mass spectrometry revealed that ERMO3/MVP1/GOLD36 interacts with the PYK10 complex, a huge protein complex that is thought to be important for ER body-related defense systems. We also found that the depletion of transcription factor NAI1, a master regulator for ER body formation, suppressed the formation of ER-aggregates in ermo3 cells, suggesting that NAI1 expression plays an important role in the abnormal aggregation of ER. Our results suggest that ERMO3/MVP1/GOLD36 is required for preventing ER and other organelles from abnormal aggregation and for maintaining proper ER morphology in a coordinated manner with NAI1.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0049103

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Organellar DNAs in mitochondria and plastids are present in multiple copies and make up a substantial proportion of total cellular DNA despite their limited genetic capacity. We recently demonstrated that organellar DNA degradation occurs during pollen maturation, mediated by the Mg2+-dependent organelle exonuclease DPD1. To further understand organellar DNA degradation, we characterized a distinct mutant (dpd2). In contrast to the dpd1 mutant, which retains both plastid and mitochondrial DNAs, dpd2 showed specific accumulation of plastid DNAs. Multiple abnormalities in vegetative and reproductive tissues of dpd2 were also detected. DPD2 encodes the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme that functions at the rate-limiting step of de novo nucleotide biosynthesis. We demonstrated that the defects in ribonucleotide reductase indirectly compromise the activity of DPD1 nuclease in plastids, thus supporting a different regulation of organellar DNA degradation in pollen. Several lines of evidence provided here reinforce our previous conclusion that the DPD1 exonuclease plays a central role in organellar DNA degradation, functioning in DNA salvage rather than maternal inheritance during pollen development.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04904.x

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.111.084012

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

Kanzawa spider mites, Tetranychus kanzawai, are polyphagous herbivores that feed on various plant families including legumes. Lima bean leaves infested by T. kanzawai emit a specific blend of volatiles. We found that two strains of spider mites were able to induce different blends of volatile to lima bean plants infested by either strain. Here we describe the genetic properties of the two strains and the responses of lima bean plants to the mite damage in terms of expression of defensive genes, emission of herbivore-induced plant volatiles, and phenotypic response of lima bean and other legume leaves (leaf color).

DOI： 10.1080/17429145.2010.544922

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcq040

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions, resulting in a highly conserved polygonal network in all eukaryotes. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the organization of these structures are obscure. To identify novel factors responsible for ER morphology, we employed a forward genetic approach using a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant (GFP-h) with fluorescently labeled ER. We isolated two mutants with defects in ER morphology and designated them endoplasmic reticulum morphology1 (ermo1) and ermo2. The cells of both mutants developed a number of ER-derived spherical bodies, similar to 1 mu m in diameter, in addition to the typical polygonal network of ER. The spherical bodies were distributed throughout the ermo1 cells, while they formed a large aggregate in ermo2 cells. We identified the responsible gene for ermo1 to be GNOM-LIKE1 (GNL1) and the gene for ermo2 to be SEC24a. Homologs of both GNL1 and SEC24a are involved in membrane trafficking between the ER and Golgi in yeast and animal cells. Our findings, however, suggest that GNL1/ERMO1 and SEC24a/ERMO2 have a novel function in ER morphology in higher plants.

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.109.068270

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Visualizing organelles in living cells is a powerful method to analyze their intrinsic mechanisms. Easy observation of chlorophyll facilitates the study of the underlying mechanisms in chloroplasts, but not in other plastid types. Here, we constructed a transgenic plant enabling visualization of plastids in pollen grains. Combination of a plastid-targeted fluorescent protein with a pollen-specific promoter allowed us to observe the precise number, size and morphology of plastids in pollen grains of the wild type and the ftsZ1 mutant, whose responsible gene plays a central role in chloroplast division. The transgenic material presented in this work is useful for studying the division mechanism of pollen plastids.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcp042

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Visualization of organelles in living cells is a powerful method for studying their dynamic behavior. Here we attempted to visualize mitochondria in angiosperm male gametophyte (pollen grain from Arabidopsis thaliana) that are composed of one vegetative cell (VC) and two sperm cells (SCs). Combination of mitochondria-targeted fluorescent proteins with VC- or SC-specific expression allowed us to observe the precise number and dynamic behavior of mitochondria in the respective cell types. Furthermore, live imaging of SC mitochondria during double fertilization confirmed previous observations, demonstrated by electron microscopy in other species, that sperm mitochondria enter into the egg and central cells. We also attempted to visualize mutant mitochondria that were elongated due to a defect in mitochondrial division. This mutant phenotype was indeed detectable in VC mitochondria of a heterozygous F(1) plant, suggesting active mitochondrial division in male gametophyte. Finally, we performed mutant screening and isolated a putative mitochondrial protein transport mutant whose phenotype was detectable only in haploid cells. The transgenic materials presented in this work are useful not only for live imaging but also for studying mitochondrial functions by mutant analysis.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcn084

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

The plastid, which originated from the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium, contains its own plastid DNA (ptDNA) that exhibits a unique mode of inheritance. Approximately 80 of angiosperms show maternal inheritance, whereas the remainder exhibit biparental inheritance of ptDNA. Here we studied ptDNA inheritance in the model legume, Medicago truncatula. Cytological analysis of mature pollen with DNA-specific fluorescent dyes suggested that M. truncatula is one of the few model plants potentially showing biparental inheritance of ptDNA. We further examined pollen by electron microscopy and revealed that the generative cell (a mother of sperm cells) indeed has many DNA-containing plastids. To confirm biparental inheritance genetically, we crossed two ecotypes (Jemalong A17 and A20), and the transmission mode of ptDNA was investigated by a PCR-assisted polymorphism. Consistent with the cytological observations, the majority of F-1 plants possessed ptDNAs from both parents. Interestingly, cotyledons of F-1 plants tended to retain a biparental ptDNA population, while later emergent leaves tended to be uniparental with either one of the parental plastid genotypes. Biparental transmission was obvious in the F-2 population, in which all plants showed homoplasmy with either a paternal or a maternal plastid genotype. Collectively, these data demonstrated that M. truncatula is biparental for ptDNA transmission and thus can be an excellent model to study plastid genetics in angiosperms.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcm170

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

The yellow variegated2 (var2) is one of the best- characterized Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants showing leaf variegation. Leaf variegation of var2 results from the loss of an ATP-dependent metalloprotease, FtsH2, which is a major component of the FtsH heterocomplex in thylakoid membranes. While the functional role of FtsH2 in protein quality control has been extensively studied, the physiological state of plastids in white tissues of the var2 is not well characterized. Here we show that the white tissue in var2 is neither the result of photobleaching nor enhanced senescence. Visualization of plastids by plastid-targeted green fluorescent protein revealed that plastids in the white sector are distinct and have undifferentiated characteristics. The plastids are also distinct in that they contain large nucleoids, a complex structure of plastid DNA and proteins, that are typically found in undifferentiated plastids. Comparative analyses of protein profiles from green and white tissues suggested that the difference was observed in the proteins related to photosynthesis but not due to proteins of other organelles. Thus, cells in the white tissue are viable and their defect is limited to plastid function. The plastid accumulates normal levels of chloroplast transcripts, whereas a substantial repression of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes was evident in the white sector. Based upon these results, we inferred that the white sectors in var2 are made by viable cells that have plastids arrested in thylakoid formation. A proposed model to form the variegated sector in var2 is provided.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.107.099002

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.106.049270

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

The Kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai, is a polyphagous herbivore that feeds on various plant families, including the Leguminacae. Scars made by the mite on lima bean leaves (Phaseolus lunatus) were classified into two types: white and red. We obtained two strains of mites - "White" and "Red" - by selecting individual mites based on the color of the scars. Damage made by the Red strain induced the expression of genes for both basic chitinase, which was downstream of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway, and acidic chitinase, which was downstream of the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. White strain mites also induced the expression of the basic chitinase gene in infested leaves but they only slightly induced the acidic chitinase gene. The Red genotype was dominant over the White for the induction of the acidic chitinase gene. The amount of endogenous salicylates in leaves increased significantly when infested by Red strain mites but did not increase when infested by White strain mites. JA and SA are known to be involved in the production of lima bean leaf volatiles induced by T. urticae. The blend of volatiles emitted from leaves infested by the Red strain were qualitatively different from those infested by the White strain, suggesting that the SA and JA signaling pathways are differently involved in the production of lima bean leaf volatiles induced by T. kanzawai of different strains.

DOI： 10.1007/s10886-006-9159-z

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

The ER body is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)derived organelle. Because ER bodies are induced by wounding and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment in rosette leaves, they might be responsible for defense systems. Recently, we isolated nail mutants that have no ER body and showed that the levels of PYK10 and PBP1 (PYK10-binding protein 1: At3g16420) were decreased in nail mutants. PYK10 is a beta-glucosidase that is localized in ER bodies. PBP1 consists of two repeated regions, each of which is highly homologous to the a-chain of jacalin, a carbohydrate-binding protein (lectin) of Artocarpus integriforia. We show in this study that PYK10 has two forms, an active form and an inactive form. The amount of active form increased during incubation of root homogenate. On the other hand, PYK10 separated into soluble and insoluble forms. Active PYK10 molecules mainly occurred as the insoluble form and inactive PYK10 molecules remain soluble. This suggests that the activation of PYK10 needs polymerization. In homogenates of both a pbp1 mutant and the wild type, PYK10 becomes insoluble, while PYK10 activity in pbp1 is only half of that in the wild type. PBP1 has an ability to interact with PYK10. Nonetheless, PBP1 does not bind active PYK10. These results suggest that PBP1 has some effect on the activation of PYK10. In addition, PBP1 was found to have a different subcellular distribution from PYK10. PBP1 may act like a molecular chaperone that facilitates the correct polymerization of PYK10, when tissues are damaged and subcellular structures are destroyed by pests.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pci126

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

DOI： 10.1104/pp.104.053876

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.021154

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Putative vacuolar sorting receptors that bind to the vacuolar targeting signals have been found in various plants; pumpkin PV72, pea BP-80 and Arabidopsis AtELP. PV72 is a seed-specific receptor that is predicted to sort seed storage proteins to protein storage vacuoles. Analysis by surface plasmon resonance showed that the lumenal domain of PV72 bound to an NPIR (a typical vacuolar targeting signal)-containing peptide of the precursor of a cysteine proteinase, AtALEU, in the presence of Ca2+ (K-D = 0.1 muM). To elucidate the receptor-dependent transport of vacuolar proteins in plant cells, we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants that expressed a fusion protein (PV72-HDEL) composed of the lumenal domain of PV72 and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-retention signal, HDEL. The expression of PV72-HDEL induced the accumulation of the AtALEU precursor. The accumulation level of the AtALEU precursor was dependent on that of PV72-HDEL. In contrast, it did not induce the accumulation of a precursor of another cysteine proteinase, RD21, which contains no NPIR. Detailed subcellular localization revealed that both the AtALEU precursor and PV72-HDEL accumulated in the ER fraction. We found that most of the AtALEU precursor molecules formed a complex with PV72-HDEL. The AtALEU precursor might be trapped by PV72-HDEL in the ER and not transported to the vacuoles. This in-planta analysis supports the hypothesis that an Arabidopsis homolog of PV72 functions as a sorting receptor for the NPIR-containing proteinase. The overall results suggest that vacuolar sorting receptors for the protein storage vacuoles and the lytic vacuoles share the similar recognition mechanism for a vacuolar targeting signal.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pch012

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1016/j.pbi.2003.09.015

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Plant cells develop various endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived structures with specific functions. The ER body, a novel ER-derived compartment in Arabidopsis, is a spindle-shaped structure (similar to10 mum long and similar to1 mum wide) that is surrounded by ribosomes. Similar structures were found in many Brassicaceae plants in the 1960s and 1970s, but their main components and biological functions have remained unknown. ER bodies can be visualized in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the green fluorescent protein with an ER-retention signal. A large number of ER bodies are observed in cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots of seedlings, but very few are observed in rosette leaves. Recently nail, a mutant that does not develop ER bodies in whole seedlings, was isolated. Analysis of the nail mutant reveals that a P-glucosidase, called PYK10, is the main component of ER bodies. The putative biological function of PYK10 and the inducibility of ER bodies in rosette leaves by wound stress suggest that the ER body functions in the defense against herbivores.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcg089

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01636.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1104/pp.009464

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Arabidopsis RD21 is a cysteine protease of the papain family. Unlike other members of the papain family, RD21 has a C-terminal extension sequence composed of two domains, a 2-kD proline-rich domain and a 10-kD domain homologous to animal epithelin/granulin family proteins. The RD21 protein was accumulated as 38- and 33-kD proteins in Arabidopsis leaves. An immunoblot showed that the 38-kD protein had the granulin domain, whereas the 33-kD protein did not. A pulse-chase experiment with Bright-Yellow 2 transformant cells expressing RD21 showed that RD21 was synthesized as a 57-kD precursor and was then slowly processed to make the 33-kD mature protein via the 38-kD intermediate. After a 12-h chase, the 38-kD intermediate was still detected in the cells. These results indicate that the N-terminal propeptide was first removed from the 57-kD precursor, and the C-terminal granulin domain was then slowly removed to yield the 33-kD mature protein. Subcellular fractionation of the Bright-Yellow 2 transformant showed that the intermediate and mature forms of RD21 were localized in the vacuoles. Under the acidic conditions of the vacuolar interior, the intermediate was found to be easily aggregated. The intermediate and the mature protein were accumulated in association with leaf senescence. Taken together, these results indicate that the intermediate of RD21 was accumulated in the vacuoles as an aggregate, and then slowly matured to make a soluble protease by removing the granulin domain during leaf senescence.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.127.4.1626

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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開催年月日： 2024年9月20日 - 2024年9月21日

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開催年月日： 2024年9月20日 - 2024年9月21日

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開催年月日： 2024年9月20日 - 2024年9月21日

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開催年月日： 2023年10月9日 - 2023年10月10日

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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開催年月日： 2023年3月17日 - 2023年3月18日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

添付ファイル： 143program.pdf

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開催年月日： 2022年12月16日 - 2022年12月17日

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開催年月日： 2022年9月17日 - 2022年9月19日

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開催年月日： 2022年3月20日 - 2022年3月21日

記述言語：日本語  

開催年月日： 2022年3月20日 - 2022年3月21日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

添付ファイル： 141program.pdf

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開催年月日： 2022年1月27日

記述言語：日本語  

開催年月日： 2022年1月27日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：シンポジウム・ワークショップ パネル（指名）  

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開催年月日： 2021年12月25日

記述言語：日本語  

開催年月日： 2021年12月25日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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開催年月日： 2021年10月4日 - 2021年10月8日

記述言語：英語  

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開催年月日： 2021年9月30日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2020年12月26日

記述言語：日本語  

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開催年月日： 2020年12月12日

記述言語：日本語  

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開催年月日： 2020年10月10日 - 2020年10月11日

記述言語：日本語  

添付ファイル： 138program.pdf

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開催年月日： 2020年10月10日 - 2020年10月11日

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開催年月日： 2020年9月19日 - 2020年9月21日

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開催年月日： 2020年9月9日 - 2020年9月10日

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開催年月日： 2020年3月28日 - 2020年3月29日

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開催年月日： 2019年9月11日 - 2019年9月13日

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開催年月日： 2019年9月11日 - 2019年9月13日

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開催年月日： 2019年9月6日 - 2019年9月7日

記述言語：日本語  

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開催年月日： 2019年7月20日

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

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