Faculty Profiles - Ishiura Hiroyuki

Papers - Ishiura Hiroyuki

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Partial duplication of DHH causes minifascicular neuropathy A novel mutation detection of DHH Reviewed

Naoko Saito Sato, Risa Maekawa, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Hiroya Naruse, Shin-ichi Tokushige, Kazuma Sugie, Genshu Tate, Jun Shimizu, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji, Yasushi Shiio

ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY 4 ( 6 ) 415 - 421 2017.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY

Minifascicular neuropathy (MN) is an extremely rare developmental malformation in which peripheral nerves are composed of many small fascicles. Only one patient with MN with 46XY gonadal dysgenesis (GD) was found to carry a mutation affecting the start codon in desert hedgehog (DHH). We identified an identical novel rearrangement mutation of DHH in two consanguineous families with MN, confirming mutations in DHH cause MN with 46XY GD. The patients with the 46XY karyotype developed GD, whereas a patient with the 46XX karyotype did not. These findings further support that DHH has important roles in perineural formation and male gonadal differentiation.

DOI： 10.1002/acn3.417

Atypical parkinsonism caused by Pro105Leu mutation of prion protein: A broad clinical spectrum. Reviewed International journal

Kagari Koshi Mano, Takashi Matsukawa, Jun Mitsui, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Shin-Ichi Tokushige, Yuji Takahashi, Naoko Saito Sato, Fumiko Kusunoki Nakamoto, Yaeko Ichikawa, Yu Nagashima, Yasuo Terao, Jun Shimizu, Masashi Hamada, Yoshikazu Uesaka, Genko Oyama, Go Ogawa, Jun Yoshimura, Koichiro Doi, Shinichi Morishita, Shoji Tsuji, Jun Goto

Neurology. Genetics 2 ( 1 ) e48 2016.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: To delineate molecular and clinical characteristics of 3 families with PRNP P105L mutation, a variant of Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome whose main motor symptoms were parkinsonism and/or involuntary movements. METHODS: The causative mutation was first determined in the affected patients of family 1 using whole-exome sequencing, and then mutational analysis was extended to families 2 and 3. The clinical features of the patients of these 3 families were summarized. Haplotype analysis was performed using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array. RESULTS: The whole-exome sequencing revealed that the heterozygous mutation c.314C>T (p.P105L) in PRNP was the only known pathogenic mutation shared by the 3 patients of the family with autosomal dominant parkinsonism. We further identified the same mutation in patients of the other 2 families with autosomal dominant parkinsonism and/or involuntary movements. The clinical features of our patients with PRNP P105L mutation included various motor symptoms such as parkinsonism and involuntary movements in addition to progressive dementia. The clinical features in part overlapped with those of other forms of inherited prion diseases, such as fatal familial insomnia and Huntington disease-like type 1. The patients with PRNP P105L mutation shared a haplotype spanning 7.1 Mb around PRNP, raising the possibility that the mutations in the patients originated from a common founder. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients presented with parkinsonism in addition to progressive dementia. Although spastic paraparesis has been emphasized as the main clinical feature, the clinical spectrum of patients with PRNP P105L is broader than expected.

DOI： 10.1212/NXG.0000000000000048

Epidemiology and molecular mechanism of frontotemporal lobar degeneration/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with repeat expansion mutation in C9orf72 Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Shoji Tsuji

JOURNAL OF NEUROGENETICS 29 ( 2-3 ) 85 - 94 2015

Language：English Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9orf72 were identified in 2011 as the genetic cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) linked to chromosome 9. Since then, a number of studies have been conducted to delineate the molecular epidemiology of the repeat expansions and the molecular pathophysiology of the disease. The frequency of the repeat expansions considerably varied among countries. The frequency of the repeat expansions was high in European populations and populations of European descent and a substantial proportion of sporadic FTLD or ALS patients also have the mutations in these populations. On the other hand, the frequency was extremely low in Asia or Oceania except for limited regions including Kii Peninsula of Japan. A founder effect seems to strongly influence the regional differences in the frequency, but there is no definitive evidence that supports the notion that the repeat expansions arose in a single founder or multiple founders. As a disease-causing mechanism, several molecular mechanisms have been proposed, including conformational changes of DNA (G-quadruplex formation and hypermethylation) or RNA (G-quadruplex formation) molecules, altered transcriptional levels of C9orf72, sequestration of RNA-binding proteins, bidirectional transcription, formation of RNA foci, and neurotoxicity of dipeptide repeat proteins generated by repeat-associated non-ATG-initiated translation. Further investigations on the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration are expected to lead to the development of therapeutic interventions for this disease as well as for other diseases associated with non-coding repeat expansions.

DOI： 10.3109/01677063.2015.1085980

Molecular epidemiology and clinical spectrum of hereditary spastic paraplegia in the Japanese population based on comprehensive mutational analyses Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yuji Takahashi, Toshihiro Hayashi, Kayoko Saito, Hirokazu Furuya, Mitsunori Watanabe, Miho Murata, Mikiya Suzuki, Akira Sugiura, Setsu Sawai, Kazumoto Shibuya, Naohisa Ueda, Yaeko Ichikawa, Ichiro Kanazawa, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji

JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 59 ( 3 ) 163 - 172 2014.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is one of the most genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive spasticity and pyramidal weakness of lower limbs. Because 430 causative genes have been identified, screening of multiple genes is required for establishing molecular diagnosis of individual patients with HSP. To elucidate molecular epidemiology of HSP in the Japanese population, we have conducted mutational analyses of 16 causative genes of HSP (L1CAM, PLP1, ATL1, SPAST, CYP7B1, NIPA1, SPG7, KIAA0196, KIF5A, HSPD1, BSCL2, SPG11, SPG20, SPG21, REEP1 and ZFYVE27) using resequencing microarrays, array-based comparative genomic hybridization and Sanger sequencing. The mutational analysis of 129 Japanese patients revealed 49 mutations in 46 patients, 32 of which were novel. Molecular diagnosis was accomplished for 67.3% (33/49) of autosomal dominant HSP patients. Even among sporadic HSP patients, mutations were identified in 11.1% (7/63) of them. The present study elucidated the molecular epidemiology of HSP in the Japanese population and further broadened the mutational and clinical spectra of HSP.

DOI： 10.1038/jhg.2013.139

ERBB4 Mutations that Disrupt the Neuregulin-ErbB4 Pathway Cause Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 19 Reviewed

Yuji Takahashi, Yoko Fukuda, Jun Yoshimura, Atsushi Toyoda, Kari Kurppa, Hiroyoko Moritoyo, Veronique V. Belzil, Patrick A. Dion, Koichiro Higasa, Koichiro Doi, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Hidetoshi Date, Budrul Ahsan, Takashi Matsukawa, Yaeko Ichikawa, Takashi Moritoyo, Mayumi Ikoma, Tsukasa Hashimoto, Fumiharu Kimura, Shigeo Murayama, Osamu Onodera, Masatoyo Nishizawa, Mari Yoshida, Naoki Atsuta, Gen Sobue, Jennifer A. Fifita, Kelly L. Williams, Ian P. Blair, Garth A. Nicholson, Paloma Gonzalez-Perez, Robert H. Brown, Masahiro Nomoto, Klaus Elenius, Guy A. Rouleau, Asao Fujiyama, Shinichi Morishita, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 93 ( 5 ) 900 - 905 2013.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：CELL PRESS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons and typically results in death within 3-5 years from onset. Familial ALS (PALS) comprises 5%-10% of ALS cases, and the identification of genes associated with FALS is indispensable to elucidating the molecular pathogenesis. We identified a Japanese family affected by late-onset, autosomal-dominant ALS in which mutations in genes known to be associated with FALS were excluded. A whole- genome sequencing and parametric linkage analysis under the assumption of an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance with incomplete penetrance revealed the mutation c.2780G>A (p. Arg927Gln) in ERBB4. An extensive mutational analysis revealed the same mutation in a Canadian individual with familial ALS and a de novo mutation, c.3823C>T (p. Arg1275Trp), in a Japanese simplex case. These amino acid substitutions involve amino acids highly conserved among species, are predicted as probably damaging, and are located within a tyrosine kinase domain (p. Arg927Gln) or a C-terminal domain (p. Arg1275Trp), both of which mediate essential functions of ErbB4 as a receptor tyrosine kinase. Functional analysis revealed that these mutations led to a reduced autophosphorylation of ErbB4 upon neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) stimulation. Clinical presentations of the individuals with mutations were characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons, a lack of obvious cognitive dysfunction, and relatively slow progression. This study indicates that disruption of the neuregulin-ErbB4 pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of ALS and potentially paves the way for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies such using NRGs or their agonists to upregulate ErbB4 functions.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.09.008

Mutations in COQ2 in Familial and Sporadic Multiple-System Atrophy Reviewed

Jun Mitsui, Takashi Matsukawa, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yoko Fukuda, Yaeko Ichikawa, Hidetoshi Date, Budrul Ahsan, Yasuo Nakahara, Yoshio Momose, Yuji Takahashi, Atsushi Iwata, Jun Goto, Yorihiro Yamamoto, Makiko Komata, Katsuhiko Shirahige, Kenju Hara, Akiyoshi Kakita, Mitsunori Yamada, Hitoshi Takahashi, Osamu Onodera, Masatoyo Nishizawa, Hiroshi Takashima, Ryozo Kuwano, Hirohisa Watanabe, Mizuki Ito, Gen Sobue, Hiroyuki Soma, Ichiro Yabe, Hidenao Sasaki, Masashi Aoki, Kinya Ishikawa, Hidehiro Mizusawa, Kazuaki Kanai, Takamichi Hattori, Satoshi Kuwabara, Kimihito Arai, Shigeru Koyano, Yoshiyuki Kuroiwa, Kazuko Hasegawa, Tatsuhiko Yuasa, Kenichi Yasui, Kenji Nakashima, Hijiri Ito, Yuishin Izumi, Ryuji Kaji, Takeo Kato, Susumu Kusunoki, Yasushi Osaki, Masahiro Horiuchi, Tomoyoshi Kondo, Shigeo Murayama, Nobutaka Hattori, Mitsutoshi Yamamoto, Miho Murata, Wataru Satake, Tatsushi Toda, Alexandra Duerr, Alexis Brice, Alessandro Filla, Thomas Klockgether, Ullrich Wuellner, Garth Nicholson, Sid Gilman, Clifford W. Shults, Caroline M. Tanner, Walter A. Kukull, Virginia M. -Y. Lee, Eliezer Masliah, Phillip A. Low, Paola Sandroni, John Q. Trojanowski, Laurie Ozelius, Tatiana Foroud, Shoji Tsuji

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 369 ( 3 ) 233 - 244 2013.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC

Background
Multiple-system atrophy is an intractable neurodegenerative disease characterized by autonomic failure in addition to various combinations of parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and pyramidal dysfunction. Although multiple-system atrophy is widely considered to be a nongenetic disorder, we previously identified multiplex families with this disease, which indicates the involvement of genetic components.
Methods
In combination with linkage analysis, we performed whole-genome sequencing of a sample obtained from a member of a multiplex family in whom multiple-system atrophy had been diagnosed on autopsy. We also performed mutational analysis of samples from members of five other multiplex families and from a Japanese series (363 patients and two sets of controls, one of 520 persons and one of 2383 persons), a European series (223 patients and 315 controls), and a North American series (172 patients and 294 controls). On the basis of these analyses, we used a yeast complementation assay and measured enzyme activity of parahydroxybenzoate-polyprenyl transferase. This enzyme is encoded by the gene COQ2 and is essential for the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q(10). Levels of coenzyme Q(10) in lymphoblastoid cells and brain tissue were measured on high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results
We identified a homozygous mutation (M78V-V343A/M78V-V343A) and compound heterozygous mutations (R337X/V343A) in COQ2 in two multiplex families. Furthermore, we found that a common variant (V343A) and multiple rare variants in COQ2, all of which are functionally impaired, are associated with sporadic multiple-system atrophy. The V343A variant was exclusively observed in the Japanese population.
Conclusions
Functionally impaired variants of COQ2 were associated with an increased risk of multiple-system atrophy in multiplex families and patients with sporadic disease, providing evidence of a role of impaired COQ2 activities in the pathogenesis of this disease. (Funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and others.)
Multiple-system atrophy is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by autonomic failure. Mutations affecting an enzyme essential for the synthesis of coenzyme Q10 confer susceptibility to the disease in some persons.

DOI： 10.1056/NEJMoa1212115

C9ORF72 Repeat Expansion in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Kii Peninsula of Japan Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yuji Takahashi, Jun Mitsui, Sohei Yoshida, Tameko Kihira, Yasumasa Kokubo, Shigeki Kuzuhara, Laura P. W. Ranum, Tomoko Tamaoki, Yaeko Ichikawa, Hidetoshi Date, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji

ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY 69 ( 9 ) 1154 - 1158 2012.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER MEDICAL ASSOC

Background: In the Kii peninsula of Japan, high prevalences of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and parkinsonism-dementia complex have been reported. There are 2 major foci with a high prevalence, which include the southernmost region neighboring the Koza River (Kozagawa and Kushimoto towns in Wakayama prefecture) and the Hohara district (Mie prefecture).
Objective: To delineate the molecular basis of ALS in the Kii peninsula of Japan, we analyzed hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) gene, which has recently been identified as a frequent cause of ALS and frontotemporal dementia in the white population.
Design: Case series.
Setting: University hospitals.
Patients: Twenty-one patients (1 familial patient and 20 sporadic patients) with ALS from Wakayama prefecture, and 16 patients with ALS and 16 patients with parkinsonism-dementia complex originating from Mie prefecture surveyed in 1994 through 2011 were enrolled in the study. In addition, 40 probands with familial ALS and 217 sporadic patients with ALS recruited from other areas of Japan were also enrolled in this study.
Main Outcome Measures: After screening by repeatprimed polymerase chain reaction, Southern blot hybridization analysis was performed to confirm the expanded alleles.
Results: We identified 3 patients with ALS (20%) with the repeat expansion in 1 of the 2 disease foci. The proportion is significantly higher than those in other regions in Japan. Detailed haplotype analyses revealed an extended shared haplotype in the 3 patients with ALS, suggesting a founder effect.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the repeat expansion partly accounts for the high prevalence of ALS in the Kii peninsula. Arch Neurol. 2012; 69(9): 1154-1158. Published online June 4, 2012. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1219

DOI： 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1219

The TRK-Fused Gene Is Mutated in Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy with Proximal Dominant Involvement Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Wataru Sako, Mari Yoshida, Toshitaka Kawarai, Osamu Tanabe, Jun Goto, Yuji Takahashi, Hidetoshi Date, Jun Mitsui, Budrul Ahsan, Yaeko Ichikawa, Atsushi Iwata, Hiide Yoshino, Yuishin Izumi, Koji Fujita, Kouji Maeda, Satoshi Goto, Hidetaka Koizumi, Ryoma Morigaki, Masako Ikemura, Naoko Yamauchi, Shigeo Murayama, Garth A. Nicholson, Hidefumi Ito, Gen Sobue, Masanori Nakagawa, Ryuji Kaji, Shoji Tsujii

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 91 ( 2 ) 320 - 329 2012.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：CELL PRESS

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by widespread fasciculations, proximal-predominant muscle weakness, and atrophy followed by distal sensory involvement. To date, large families affected by HMSN-P have been reported from two different regions in Japan. Linkage and haplotype analyses of two previously reported families and two new families with the use of high-density SNP arrays further defined the minimum candidate region of 3.3 Mb in chromosomal region 3q12. Exome sequencing showed an identical c.854C>T (p.Pro285-Leu) mutation in the TRK-fused gene (TFG) in the four families. Detailed haplotype analysis suggested two independent origins of the mutation. Pathological studies of an autopsied patient revealed TFG- and ubiquitin-immunopositive cytoplasmic inclusions in the spinal and cortical motor neurons. Fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus, a frequent finding in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, was also observed in the motor neurons with inclusion bodies. Moreover, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43)-positive cytoplasmic inclusions were also demonstrated. In cultured cells expressing mutant TFG, cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 was demonstrated. These findings indicate that formation of TFG-containing cytoplasmic inclusions and concomitant mislocalization of TDP-43 underlie motor neuron degeneration in HMSN-P. Pathological overlap of proteinopathies involving TFG and TDP-43 highlights a new pathway leading to motor neuron degeneration.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.07.014

Clinical features and haplotype analysis of newly identified Japanese patients with gelsolin-related familial amyloidosis of Finnish type Reviewed

Makiko Taira, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Yuji Takahashi, Toshihiro Hayashi, Jun Shimizu, Takashi Matsukawa, Naoko Saito, Kazumasa Okada, Sadatoshi Tsuji, Hiromasa Sawamura, Shiro Amano, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji

NEUROGENETICS 13 ( 3 ) 237 - 243 2012.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER

Familial amyloidosis of the Finnish type (FAF) is an autosomal dominant form of systematic amyloidosis characterized by lattice corneal dystrophy, cranial neuropathy, and cutis laxa. Although FAF has been frequently found in the Finnish population, FAF is a considerably rare disorder in other regions. In this study, we examined the clinical characteristics as well as the haplotypes of six Japanese patients with FAF from five families. They showed the typical clinical presentations of FAF, but we found a broad range of ages at onset of neurological symptoms. All members had the c.654G > A mutation in GSN. To evaluate the disease haplotypes, high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays were used and disease-relevant haplotypes were reconstructed. Haplotype analysis in the four apparently unrelated families suggested a common founder haplotype. In a sporadic FAF patient, however, the haplotype was dissimilar to the founder haplotype. The present study demonstrated that a founder mutation in most of the Japanese families with FAF, except for a sporadic patient in whom a de novo mutation event was suggested as the origin of the mutation.

DOI： 10.1007/s10048-012-0330-0

Posterior column ataxia with retinitis pigmentosa in a Japanese family with a novel mutation in FLVCR1 Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yoko Fukuda, Jun Mitsui, Yasuo Nakahara, Budrul Ahsan, Yuji Takahashi, Yaeko Ichikawa, Jun Goto, Tetsuo Sakai, Shoji Tsuji

NEUROGENETICS 12 ( 2 ) 117 - 121 2011.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER

Posterior column ataxia with retinitis pigmentosa (PCARP) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa and sensory ataxia. Previous studies of PCARP in two families showed a linkage to 1q31-q32. However, detailed investigations on the clinical presentations as well as molecular genetics of PCARP have been limited. Here, we describe a Japanese consanguineous family with PCARP. Two affected siblings suffered from childhood-onset retinitis pigmentosa and slowly progressive sensory ataxia. They also showed mild mental retardation, which has not been described in patients with PCARP. Parametric linkage analysis using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays supported a linkage to the same locus. Target capture and high-throughput sequencing technologies revealed a novel homozygous c.1477G > C (G493R) mutation in FLVCR1, which cosegregated with the disease. A recent study has identified three independent mutations in FLVCR1 in the original and other families. Our results further confirmed that PCARP is caused by mutations in FLVCR1.

DOI： 10.1007/s10048-010-0271-4

TRPM7 Is Not Associated With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Parkinsonism Dementia Complex in the Kii Peninsula of Japan Reviewed

Kenju Hara, Yasumasa Kokubo, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yuko Fukuda, Akinori Miyashita, Ryozo Kuwano, Ryogen Sasaki, Jun Goto, Masatoyo Nishizawa, Shigeki Kuzuhara, Shoji Tsuji

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS 153B ( 1 ) 310 - 313 2010.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-LISS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS/PDC) is a distinct neurodegenerative disorder characterized by ALS pathology with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the spinal cord and brain. Recent clinical studies have revealed a high incidence and a high familial occurrence of ALS/PDC in both Guam and the Kii peninsula of Japan, suggesting a strong genetic predisposition to this disorder. The T1482I variant (rs8042919) of TRPM7 gene which is suggested to play roles in regulating the cellular homeostasis of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), and trace metals, has recently been reported to be associated with Guamanian patients with ALS/PDC. To investigate whether TRPM7 is associated with Kii ALS/PDC, we conducted parametric linkage analyses of the TRPM7 locus in a large extended family with ALS/PDC. Linkage analysis did not reveal any evidence supporting the linkage to the TRPM7 locus. Resequencing of the entire coding region of TRPM7 did not reveal any pathogenic mutations in an affected individual in this family. The allele frequencies of the T1482I in affected individuals in this family or in those from other families are not significantly different from those in regional controls or those in HapMap-JPT samples. These results indicate that TRPM7 is not associated with ALS/PDC in the Kii peninsula of Japan. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ajmg.b.30966

RESPONSE OF ANTI-NMDA RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS WITHOUT TUMOR TO IMMUNOTHERAPY INCLUDING RITUXIMAB Reviewed

H. Ishiura, S. Matsuda, M. Higashihara, M. Hasegawa, A. Hida, R. Hanajima, T. Yamamoto, J. Shimizu, J. Dalmau, S. Tsuji

NEUROLOGY 71 ( 23 ) 1921 - 1923 2008.12

Development of a high-throughput microarray-based resequencing system for neurological disorders and its application to molecular genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Reviewed

Yuji Takahashi, Naomi Seki, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Takashi Matsukawa, Atsushi Kishino, Osamu Onodera, Masashi Aoki, Nobuyuki Shimozawa, Shigeo Murayama, Yasuto Itoyama, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Gen Sobue, Masatoyo Nishizawa, Jun Goto, Shoji Tsuji

ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY 65 ( 10 ) 1326 - 1332 2008.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER MEDICAL ASSOC

Background: Comprehensive resequencing of the causative and disease-related genes of neurodegenerative diseases is expected to enable (1) comprehensive mutational analysis of familial cases, (2) identification of sporadic cases with de novo or low-penetrant mutations, (3) identification of rare variants conferring disease susceptibility, and ultimately (4) better understanding of the molecular basis of these diseases.
Objective: To develop a microarray-based high-throughput resequencing system for the causative and disease-related genes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Design: Validation of the system was conducted in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio, accuracy, and throughput. Comprehensive gene analysis was applied for patients with ALS.
Subjects: Ten patients with familial ALS, 35 patientswith sporadic ALS, and 238 controls.
Results: The system detected point mutations with 100% accuracy and completed the resequencing of 270 kilobase pairs in 3 working days with greater than 99.9% accuracy of base calls, or the determination of base(s) at each position. Analysis of patients with familial ALS revealed 2 SOD1 mutations. Analysis of the 35 patients with sporadic ALS revealed a previously known SOD1 mutation, S134N, a novel putative pathogenic DCTN1 mutation, R997W, and 9 novel variants including 4 nonsynonymous heterozygous variants consisting of 2 in ALS2, 1 in ANG, and 1 in VEGF that were not found in the controls.
Conclusion: The DNA microarray-based resequencing system is a powerful tool for high-throughput comprehensive analysis of causative and disease-related genes. It can be used to detect mutations in familial and sporadic cases and to identify numerous novel variants potentially associated with genetic risks.

DOI： 10.1001/archneur.65.10.1326

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis involving central nervous system successfully treated with rituximab alone Reviewed

Hiroyuki Ishiura, Masato Morikawa, Masashi Hamada, Takuro Watanabe, Shinichi Kako, Shigeru Chiba, Toru Motokura, Akira Hangaishi, Junji Shibahara, Masaaki Akahane, Jun Goto, Shin Kwak, Mineo Kurokawa, Shoji Tsuji

ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY 65 ( 5 ) 662 - 665 2008.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：AMER MEDICAL ASSOC

Objective: To report the successful treatment of a patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG), a rare Epstein-Barr virus - positive lymphoproliferative disorder, using rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody). The prognosis for LYG has been reported to be poor, and no satisfactory treatment has been established. Because central nervous system (CNS) involvement of LYG has been known to show poor prognosis, the establishment of an effective treatment for CNS LYG with mild adverse effects is desired.
Design: Case report. Setting: University hospital.
Patient: A 48-year-old Japanese man presenting with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis diagnosed as LYG involving the CNS and lungs.
Interventions: The patient was treated with rituximab (375 mg/m(2), once weekly for 1 month) alone.
Main Outcome Measure: Improvement of the lesions on imaging.
Results: The neurological signs resolved and the lesions in the CNS and lungs were mostly diminished after the rituximab monotherapy without any adverse effects. The patient stayed in remission for 18 months.
Conclusion: Rituximab monotherapy was effective in treating the patient; hence, rituximab should be considered as the initial treatment against LYG involving the CNS.

DOI： 10.1001/archneur.65.5.662

Clinical, neuroimaging and genetic findings in the Japanese case series of CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy. International journal

Kenta Orimo, Takashi Matsukawa, Akihiko Mitsutake, Takusei Cho, Hiroya Naruse, Yoshio Sakiyama, Kensho Sumi, Naohiro Uchio, Akane Satake, Yoshihisa Takiyama, Takuya Matsushita, Yosuke Omae, Yosuke Kawai, Katsushi Tokunaga, Jun Mitsui, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Shoji Tsuji, Tatsushi Toda

Journal of the neurological sciences 472 123486 - 123486 2025.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Biallelic loss-of-function variants in CLCN2 lead to CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy (CC2L), also called leukoencephalopathy with ataxia (LKPAT). CC2L is characterized clinically by a spectrum of clinical presentations including childhood- to adult-onset mild ataxia, spasticity, cognitive decline, and vision loss as well as typical MRI findings of symmetrical high signal intensities on the DWIs/T2WIs of the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs). We searched for pathogenic variants of CLCN2 in a case series of undiagnosed leukoencephalopathy accompanied by MCP signs, which led to the identification of four Japanese patients with CC2L. All the patients carried at least one allele of c.61dupC (p.Leu21Profs*27) in CLCN2, including compound heterozygosity with either the novel pathogenic variant c.983 + 2 T > A or the previously reported pathogenic variant c.1828C > T (p.Arg610*). Of note, all the four previously reported cases from Japan also harbored c.61dupC, and no reports of this variant have been documented from outside Japan. The allele frequency of c.61dupC in the Japanese population is 0.002152, raising the possibility of a relatively high prevalence of CC2L in Japan. Patients in this study developed symptoms after the age of 30, and demonstrated neurological signs including cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal signs, and mild cognitive impairment, consistent with previous reports. One male patient had two children, supporting preserved fertility, and another patient had calcifications in the cerebral and cerebellar surfaces. These findings provide valuable insights into the broader clinical and genetic spectra of CC2L in the Japanese population, and emphasize the importance of considering this disease in the differential diagnoses of leukoencephalopathy with MCP signs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jns.2025.123486

In-frame deletion variant of ABCD1 in a sporadic case of adrenoleukodystrophy. International journal

Takashi Matsukawa, Atsushi Sudo, Toshiyuki Kakumoto, Akihito Hao, Mitsuhiro Kainaga, Hyangri Chang, Tatsuo Mano, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Toshihiro Hayashi, Shinichi Morishita, Shoji Tsuji, Tatsushi Toda

Human genome variation 12 ( 1 ) 5 - 5 2025.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), an X-linked leukodystrophy caused by pathogenic variants in ABCD1, exhibits a broad range of phenotypes from childhood-onset cerebral forms to adult-onset adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN). We report a rare in-frame ABCD1 deletion c.1469_71delTGG (p.Val490del) in a man with AMN. Although this variant has been interpreted as 'uncertain significance' in ClinVar, biochemical analysis along with clinical evaluation confirmed the pathogenicity of this variant, underscoring the importance of functional assessment of in-frame deletions.

DOI： 10.1038/s41439-025-00309-z

Clinical and Genetic Analyses of SPG7 in Japanese Patients with Undiagnosed Ataxia.

Akihiko Mitsutake, Takashi Matsukawa, Rimi Hino, Go Fujino, Yuto Sakai, Jun Mitsui, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Nobue K Iwata, Shoji Tsuji, Tatsushi Toda

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2025.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Objective Spastic paraplegia 7 (SPG7) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in SPG7. It is predominantly characterized by adult-onset slowly progressive spastic paraparesis. While SPG7 presenting with ataxia with or without spasticity is relatively common in Europe and North America, it is considered rare in Japan. This study aimed to identify SPG7 patients among those with undiagnosed ataxia within the Japanese population. Methods We retrospectively selected 351 patients with undiagnosed ataxia, excluding those with secondary and common spinocerebellar ataxia. Whole-exome sequence analysis was conducted, and homozygosity of the identified variants was confirmed using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Results Among the 351 patients, 2 were diagnosed with SPG7, and homozygosity was confirmed by ddPCR. Both patients carried homozygous pathogenic variants in SPG7: c.1948G>A, p.Asp650Asn, and c.1192C>T, p.Arg398Ter (NM_003119.4). Clinically, both patients presented with progressive ataxia. In addition, Patient 1 exhibited partial ophthalmoplegia and spastic paraparesis, whereas Patient 2 demonstrated cerebellar ataxia without spasticity. Conclusion The rarity of SPG7 in Japan may be attributed to variation in the minor allele frequency of the c.1529C>T, p.Ala510Val variant, which is more prevalent in Europe and North America than in other areas.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.4767-24

The potential mechanism maintaining transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa in the mouse stroke model. International journal

Yuting Bian, Yusuke Fukui, Ricardo Satoshi Ota-Elliott, Xinran Hu, Hongming Sun, Zhihong Bian, Yun Zhai, Haibo Yu, Xiao Hu, Hangping An, Hongzhi Liu, Ryuta Morihara, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Toru Yamashita

Neuroscience research 2025.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The disruption of transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) shuttling leads to the depletion of nuclear localization and the cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43. We aimed to evaluate the mechanism underlying the behavior of TDP-43 in ischemic stroke. Adult male C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to 30 or 60 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and examined at 1, 6, and 24 h post reperfusion. Immunostaining was used to evaluate the expression of TDP-43, G3BP1, HDAC6, and RAD23B. The total and cytoplasmic number of TDP-43-positive cells increased compared with sham operation group and peaked at 6 h post reperfusion after tMCAO. The elevated expression of G3BP1 protein peaked at 6 h after reperfusion and decreased at 24 h after reperfusion in ischemic mice brains. We also observed an increase of expression level of HDAC6 and the number of RAD23B-positive cells increased after tMCAO. RAD23B was colocalized with TDP-43 24 h after tMCAO. We proposed that the formation of stress granules might be involved in the mislocalization of TDP-43, based on an evaluation of G3BP1 and HDAC6. Subsequently, RAD23B, may also contribute to the downstream degradation of mislocalized TDP-43 in mice tMCAO model.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neures.2025.01.006

Guidelines for presymptomatic genetic testing for adult-onset hereditary neuromuscular diseases in Japan

Yuka Shibata, Hyangri Chang, Katsuya Nakamura, Shinichiro Yamada, Masaaki Matsushima, Kazumasa Saigoh, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yoshiki Sekijima, Hirofumi Maruyama, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kazuko Hasegawa, Masashi Aoki, Masahisa Katsuno, Tatsushi Toda, Ichiro Yabe

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2025

A Japanese Family with a Novel Pathogenic Variant in KIF1A Presenting with Spastic Paraparesis, Cerebellar Ataxia, and Intellectual Disability. International journal

Akihiko Mitsutake, Mizuho Kawai, Kenta Orimo, Takashi Matsukawa, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Hideki Nakajima, Hiroyuki Murai, Shoji Tsuji, Jun Goto, Nobue K Iwata

Cerebellum (London, England) 24 ( 1 ) 20 - 20 2024.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Variants in KIF1A are associated with hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG30), which can manifest in both pure and complex forms. We describe a Japanese family with a novel KIF1A variant presenting with a complex form of SPG30. Patient 1, a 69-year-old woman, experienced progressive gait disturbance due to spastic paraparesis and cerebellar atrophy, and intellectual disability. Patient 2, the daughter of Patient 1, exhibited similar symptoms with more severe dysarthria. Patients 1 and 2 shared a heterozygous c.173 C > G (p.Ser58Trp) variant in the motor domain of KIF1A (NM_001244008.2), which is classified as likely pathogenic. This family highlights the role of autosomal dominant inheritance in a complex form of SPG30, expanding the understanding of its genetic basis and clinical presentation.

DOI： 10.1007/s12311-024-01782-y

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