Faculty Profiles - MONDEN Yuki

Papers - MONDEN Yuki

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Molecular polymorphisms of the nuclear and chloroplast genomes among African melon germplasms reveal abundant and unique genetic diversity, especially in Sudan. International journal

Odirichi Nnennaya Imoh, Gentaro Shigita, Mitsuhiro Sugiyama, Tran Phuong Dung, Katsunori Tanaka, Mami Takahashi, Kazusa Nishimura, Yuki Monden, Hidetaka Nishida, Mashaer Goda, Michel Pitrat, Kenji Kato

Annals of botany 2025.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Africa is rich in wild species of Cucumis and is considered one of the origins of melon. However, our knowledge of African melon is limited, and genetic studies using melon germplasms with wide geographical coverage are required. Here, we analyzed the genetic structure of African melons, with emphasis on Sudan. METHODS: Ninety-seven accessions of African melon were examined along with 77 reference accessions representing Asian melon and major horticultural groups. Molecular polymorphisms in the nuclear and chloroplast genomes were investigated using 12 RAPD, 7 SSR, and 3 SNP markers. Horticultural traits, including seed size, were measured for 46 accessions, mainly from Sudan. KEY RESULTS: African melons were divided into large and small seed-types based on seed length: large seed-type from Northern Africa and small seed-type from Western and Southern Africa. Both seed types are common in Sudan. Molecular genetic diversity in these geographical populations was as high as in India, the Asian center of melon domestication. Large seed-type from Northern Africa were assigned to Pop4 by structure analysis and had Ib cytoplasm in common with Cantalupensis, Inodorus, and Flexuosus. Small seed-types were highly diversified and geographically differentiated; specifically, Pop1 with Ia cytoplasm in Southern Africa and South Asia, Pop2 with Ia in East Asia, including Conomon and Makuwa, and Pop3 with Ia or Ic in Africa. Sudanese small seed-types were grouped in Pop3, while their cytoplasm type was the mixture of Ia and Ic. Sudanese Tibish had Ic cytoplasm that was unique in Africa, common in Western Africa and Sudan, and also found in wild or feral types. CONCLUSIONS: Melon of Ic lineage, including Tibish, originated from wild melon in the "western Sudan region," and independently of melon with Ia or Ib cytoplasm that originated in Asia. This clearly indicates the polyphyletic origin of melon.

DOI： 10.1093/aob/mcaf028

PubMed

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Workflow for development of CAPS markers with one type of restriction enzyme to identify citrus cultivars Reviewed

Kazusa Nishimura, Maho Okuma, Junko Kaneyoshi, Atsu Yamasaki, Kyoka Nagasaka, Kazuki Murata, Yuki Monden, Kenji Kato, Hidetaka Nishida, Tetsuya Nakazaki, Ryohei Nakano

Tree Genetics & Genomes 20 ( 5 ) 2024.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Abstract

Given the ease of propagating fruit tree species through cloning, the economic viability of their breeding programs hinges on protecting breeders' rights. This necessitates the development of highly accurate DNA markers for cultivar identification. Here, we present a methodology for the rapid design of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers to discriminate newly bred Japanese citrus cultivars from genetically related cultivars. We first compared the performance of ddRAD-seq and MIG-seq in citrus germplasm. The ddRAD-seq libraries generated using EcoRI and HindIII restriction enzymes yielded the highest number of polymorphisms. Subsequently, ddRAD-seq with EcoRI and HindIII was employed to analyze 29 citrus cultivars and thus identify 331,801 genome-wide polymorphisms. A semi-automated bioinformatics pipeline was then utilized to identify candidate CAPS markers, resulting in the discovery of 14,072 potential markers. Of these candidates, 52 were chosen for validation based on their recognition by the PstI restriction enzyme. This evaluation resulted in the development of 11 highly discriminative CAPS markers. Remarkably, a combination of only six such markers was sufficient to differentiate newly bred cultivars from their genetically related parents. The single restriction enzyme employed for these markers facilitates straightforward multiplexing. Finally, a combination of one multiplex marker testing two loci and four singleplex markers was successfully selected that completely discriminated the cultivars other than the bud sports used in this study. The pipeline established here extends beyond citrus and has the potential to simplify marker development and cultivar protection in various plant species.

DOI： 10.1007/s11295-024-01661-x

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11295-024-01661-x/fulltext.html

Propagation path of a flowering cherry (Cerasus × yedoensis) cultivar ‘Somei-Yoshino’ traced by somatic mutations Reviewed

Kenta Shirasawa, Tomoya Esumi, Akihiro Itai, Katsunori Hatakeyama, Tadashi Takashina, Takuji Yakuwa, Katsuhiko Sumitomo, Takeshi Kurokura, Eigo Fukai, Keiichi Sato, Takehiko Shimada, Katsuhiro Shiratake, Munetaka Hosokawa, Yuki Monden, Makoto Kusaba, Hidetoshi Ikegami, Sachiko Isobe

DNA Research 31 ( 5 ) 2024.8

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)

Abstract

In the long history of human relations with flowering cherry trees in Japan, ‘Somei-Yoshino’ occupies an exceptional position among a variety of flowering trees: it is a self-incompatible interspecific hybrid but has been enthusiastically planted by grafting throughout Japan, due most likely to its flamboyant appearance upon full bloom. Thus, ‘Somei-Yoshino’ gives us a rare opportunity to trace and investigate the occurrence and distribution of somatic mutations within a single plant species through analysis of the genomes of the clonally propagated trees grown under a variety of geographical and artificial environments. In the studies presented here, a total of 46 samples of ‘Somei-Yoshino’ trees were collected and their genomes were analysed. We identified 684 single nucleotide mutations, of which 71 were present in more than two samples. Clustering analysis of the mutations indicated that the 46 samples were classified into eight groups, four of which included 36 of the 46 samples analysed. Interestingly, all the four tree samples collected in Ueno Park of Tokyo were members of the four groups mentioned above. Based on comparative analysis of their mutations, one of the four trees growing in Ueno Park was concluded to be the closest to the original ancestor. We propose that somatic mutations may be used as tracers to establish the ancestral relationship amongst clonally propagated individuals.

DOI： 10.1093/dnares/dsae025

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Other Link： https://academic.oup.com/dnaresearch/article-pdf/31/5/dsae025/59001111/dsae025.pdf

Genetic characterization of cucumber genetic resources in the NARO Genebank indicates their multiple dispersal trajectories to the East Reviewed

Gentaro Shigita, Koichiro Shimomura, Tran Phuong Dung, Naznin Pervin Haque, Thuy Thanh Duong, Odirich Nnennaya Imoh, Yuki Monden, Hidetaka Nishida, Katsunori Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Sugiyama, Yoichi Kawazu, Norihiko Tomooka, Kenji Kato

Theoretical and Applied Genetics 137 ( 7 ) 2024.7

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Abstract

Key message

Genotyping-by-sequencing of 723 worldwide cucumber genetic resources revealed that cucumbers were dispersed eastward via at least three distinct routes, one to Southeast Asia and two from different directions to East Asia.

Abstract

The cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an economically important vegetable crop cultivated and consumed worldwide. Despite its popularity, the manner in which cucumbers were dispersed from their origin in South Asia to the rest of the world, particularly to the east, remains a mystery due to the lack of written records. In this study, we performed genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) on 723 worldwide cucumber accessions, mainly deposited in the Japanese National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank, to characterize their genetic diversity, relationships, and population structure. Analyses based on over 60,000 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by GBS revealed clear genetic differentiation between Southeast and East Asian populations, suggesting that they reached their respective region independently, not progressively. A deeper investigation of the East Asian population identified two subpopulations with different fruit characteristics, supporting the traditional classification of East Asian cucumbers into two types thought to have been introduced by independent routes. Finally, we developed a core collection of 100 accessions representing at least 93.2% of the genetic diversity present in the entire collection. The genetic relationships and population structure, their associations with geographic distribution and phenotypic traits, and the core collection presented in this study are valuable resources for elucidating the dispersal history and promoting the efficient use and management of genetic resources for research and breeding in cucumber.

DOI： 10.1007/s00122-024-04683-0

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00122-024-04683-0/fulltext.html

Polyphyletic domestication and inter-lineage hybridization magnified genetic diversity of cultivated melon,Cucumis meloL

Katsunori Tanaka, Gentaro Shigita, Tran Phuong Dung, Phan Thi Phuong Nhi, Mami Takahashi, Yuki Monden, Hidetaka Nishida, Ryuji Ishikawa, Kenji Kato

2024.7

Publisher：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Abstract

A total of 212 melon accessions with diverse geographical origins were classified into large and small seed-types by length of seed at the boundary of 9 mm, and into five populations based on polymorphisms in the nuclear genome. They were further divided into three maternal lineages, Ia, Ib, and Ic, by polymorphisms in the chloroplast genome. By combining these three classifications, the Europe/US subsp.meloand the East Asian subsp.agrestiswere characterized as [large seed, Ib, PopA1 or A2] and [small seed, Ia, PopB1 or B2], respectively, indicating nearly perfect divergence in both nuclear and cytoplasm genomes. In contrast, in South and Southeast Asia, in addition to the Europe/US and East Asian types, recombinant types were also frequently found, indicating unclear genetic differentiation in South and Southeast Asia. Such an intermixed structure of genetic variation supported the Indian origin of Ia and Ib types of melon. Seed length was intermediate, between the large and small seed-types, and chloroplast type was a mixture of Ia and Ib in Momordica, suggesting its origin from the recombinant type. In Africa, three lineages of melon were distributed allopatrically and showed distinct divergence. Subsp.agrestisof the Ic type proved to be endemic to Africa, indicating its African origin.

DOI： 10.1101/2024.06.27.601017

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国外への苗木流出抑止のためのCAPSとC-PAS検定法のカンキツ穂木への適用について

遠藤朋子, 鈴木信裕, 奥貞丈博, 門田有希, 竹内朋幸, 高崎一人, 岡本充智, 藤井浩, 野中圭介

DNA多型 32 77 - 81 2024.7

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in Cambodian melon landraces using molecular markers Reviewed

Pervin Mst Naznin, Odirichi Nnennaya Imoh, Katsunori Tanaka, Ouch Sreynech, Gentaro Shigita, Yon Sophea, Sakhan Sophany, Ouk Makara, Norihiko Tomooka, Yuki Monden, Hidetaka Nishida, Kenji Kato

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 2023.7

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Abstract

Genetic diversity of Cambodian melons was evaluated by the analysis of 12 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 7 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using 62 accessions of melon landraces and compared with 231 accessions from other areas for genetic characterization of Cambodian melons. Among 62 accessions, 56 accessions were morphologically classified as small-seed type with seed lengths shorter than 9 mm, as in the horticultural groups Conomon and Makuwa. Gene diversity of Cambodian melons was 0.228, which was equivalent to those of the groups Conomon and Makuwa and smaller than those of Vietnamese and Central Asian landraces. A phylogenetic tree constructed from a genetic distance matrix classified 293 accessions into three major clusters. Small-seed type accessions from East and Southeast Asia formed clusters I and II, which were distantly related with cluster III consisting of large-seed type melon from other areas. All Cambodian melons belonged to cluster I (except three accessions) along with those from Thailand, Myanmar, Yunnan (China), and Vietnam (“Dua thom” in the northwest), thus indicating genetic similarity in these areas. In addition, the Cambodian melons were not differentiated among geographical populations. Conomon and Makuwa were classified into cluster II, together with melon groups from the plains of Vietnam. The presence of two groups of melons in Southeast Asia was also indicated by population structure and principal coordinate analysis. These results indicated a close genetic relationship between Cambodia and the neighboring countries, thus suggesting that Cambodian melons are not directly related to the establishment of Conomon and Makuwa.

DOI： 10.1007/s10722-023-01677-7

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10722-023-01677-7/fulltext.html

Chromatographic printed array strip (C-PAS) method for cultivar-specific identification of sweetpotato cultivars ‘Beniharuka’ and ‘Fukumurasaki’ Reviewed

Yuki Monden, Maho Kakigi, Emdadul Haque, Tomoyuki Takeuchi, Kazuto Takasaki, Masaru Tanaka

Breeding Science 73 ( 3 ) 313 - 321 2023

A target cultivar-specific identification system based on the chromatographic printed array strip method for eight prominent Japanese citrus cultivars Reviewed

Mitsutoshi Okamoto, Yuki Monden, Akiko Shindo, Tomoyuki Takeuchi, Tomoko Endo, Yukinori Shigematsu, Kazuto Takasaki, Hiroshi Fujii, Takehiko Shimada

Breeding Science 73 ( 2 ) 146 - 157 2023

Elucidation of genetic variation and population structure of melon genetic resources in the NARO Genebank, and construction of the World Melon Core Collection Reviewed

Gentaro Shigita, Tran Phuong Dung, Mst. Naznin Pervin, Thanh-Thuy Duong, Odirich Nnennaya Imoh, Yuki Monden, Hidetaka Nishida, Katsunori Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Sugiyama, Yoichi Kawazu, Norihiko Tomooka, Kenji Kato

Breeding Science 73 ( 3 ) 269 - 277 2023

Comprehensive survey of transposon mPing insertion sites and transcriptome analysis for identifying candidate genes controlling high protein content of rice Reviewed International journal

Yuki Monden, Hirona Tanaka, Ryota Funakoshi, Seiya Sunayama, Kiyotaka Yabe, Eri Kimoto, Kentaro Matsumiya, Takanori Yoshikawa

Frontiers in Plant Science 13 969582 - 969582 2022.9

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Frontiers Media SA

Rice is the most important crop species in the world, being staple food of more than 80% of people in Asia. About 80% of rice grain is composed of carbohydrates (starch), with its protein content as low as 7–8%. Therefore, increasing the protein content of rice offers way to create a stable protein source that contributes to improving malnutrition and health problems worldwide. We detected two rice lines harboring a significantly higher protein content (namely, HP5-7 and HP7-5) in the EG4 population. The EG4 strain of rice is a unique material in that the transposon mPing has high transpositional activity and high copy numbers under natural conditions. Other research indicated that mPing is abundant in the gene-rich euchromatic regions, suggesting that mPing amplification should create new allelic variants, novel regulatory networks, and phenotypic changes in the EG4 population. Here, we aimed to identify the candidate genes and/or mPing insertion sites causing high protein content by comprehensively identifying the mPing insertion sites and carrying out an RNA-seq-based transcriptome analysis. By utilizing the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, ca. 570 mPing insertion sites were identified per line in the EG4 population. Our results also indicated that mPing apparently has a preference for inserting itself in the region near a gene, with 38 genes in total found to contain the mPing insertion in the HP lines, of which 21 and 17 genes were specific to HP5-7 and HP7-5, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed that most of the genes related to protein synthesis (encoding glutelin, prolamin, and globulin) were up-regulated in HP lines relative to the control line. Interestingly, the differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis revealed that the expression levels of many genes related to photosynthesis decreased in both HP lines; this suggests the amount of starch may have decreased, indirectly contributing to the increased protein content. The high-protein lines studied here are expected to contribute to the development of high protein-content rice by introducing valuable phenotypic traits such as high and stable yield, disease resistance, and abundant nutrients.

DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2022.969582

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Exploiting the miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements insertion polymorphisms as an efficient DNA marker system for genome analysis and evolutionary studies in wheat and related species Reviewed International journal

Benjamin Ewa Ubi, Yasir Serag Alnor Gorafi, Beery Yaakov, Yuki Monden, Khalil Kashkush, Hisashi Tsujimoto

Frontiers in Plant Science 13 995586 - 995586 2022.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Frontiers Media SA

Transposable elements (TEs) constitute ~80% of the complex bread wheat genome and contribute significantly to wheat evolution and environmental adaptation. We studied 52 TE insertion polymorphism markers to ascertain their efficiency as a robust DNA marker system for genetic studies in wheat and related species. Significant variation was found in miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) insertions in relation to ploidy with the highest number of “full site” insertions occurring in the hexaploids (32.6 ± 3.8), while the tetraploid and diploid progenitors had 22.3 ± 0.6 and 15.0 ± 3.5 “full sites,” respectively, which suggested a recent rapid activation of these transposons after the formation of wheat. Constructed phylogenetic trees were consistent with the evolutionary history of these species which clustered mainly according to ploidy and genome types (SS, AA, DD, AABB, and AABBDD). The synthetic hexaploids sub-clustered near the tetraploid species from which they were re-synthesized. Preliminary genotyping in 104 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) showed predominantly 1:1 segregation for simplex markers, with four of these markers already integrated into our current DArT-and SNP-based linkage map. The MITE insertions also showed stability with no single excision observed. The MITE insertion site polymorphisms uncovered in this study are very promising as high-potential evolutionary markers for genomic studies in wheat.

DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2022.995586

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Mapping of Nematode Resistance in Hexaploid Sweetpotato Using a Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Association Study Reviewed

Nozomi Obata, Hiroaki Tabuchi, Miyu Kurihara, Eiji Yamamoto, Kenta Shirasawa, Yuki Monden

Frontiers in Plant Science 13 2022.3

Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Frontiers Media SA

The southern root-knot nematode (SRKN; Meloidogyne incognita) is a typical parasitic nematode that affects sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.], causing a significant decrease in crop yield and commercial value. In Japan, the SRKN is classified into 10 races: SP1–SP5, SP6-1, SP6-2, and SP7–SP9, with the dominant race differing according to the cultivation area. Soil insecticides have previously been used to reduce the soil density of SRKNs; however, this practice is both costly and labor intensive. Therefore, the development of SRKN-resistant sweetpotato lines and cultivars is necessary. However, due to the complexity of polyploid inheritance and the highly heterogeneous genomic composition of sweetpotato, genetic information and research for this species are significantly lacking compared to those for other major diploid crop species. In this study, we utilized the recently developed genome-wide association approach, which uses multiple-dose markers to assess autopolyploid species. We performed an association analysis to investigate resistance toward SRKN-SP2, which is the major race in areas with high sweetpotato production in Japan. The segregation ratio of resistant and susceptible lines in the F₁ mapping population derived from the resistant “J-Red” and susceptible “Choshu” cultivars was fitted to 1: 3, suggesting that resistance to SP2 may be regulated by two loci present in the simplex. By aligning the double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing reads to the published Ipomoea trifida reference sequence, 46,982 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified (sequencing depth &gt; 200). The association study yielded its highest peak on chromosome 7 (Chr07) and second highest peak on chromosome 3 (Chr03), presenting as a single-dose in both loci. Selective DNA markers were developed to screen for resistant plants using the SNPs identified on Chr03 and Chr07. Our results showed that SRKN-SP2-resistant plants were selected with a probability of approximately 70% when combining the two selective DNA markers. This study serves as a model for the identification of genomic regions that control agricultural traits and the elucidation of their effects, and is expected to greatly advance marker-assisted breeding and association studies in polyploid crop species.

DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2022.858747

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes Involved in Weevil Resistance in the Hexaploid Sweetpotato Reviewed

Kanoko Nokihara, Yoshihiro Okada, Shinichiro Ohata, Yuki Monden

Plants 10 ( 8 ) 1535 - 1535 2021.7

Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：MDPI AG

Because weevils are the most damaging pests of sweetpotato, the development of cultivars resistant to weevil species is considered the most important aspect in sweetpotato breeding. However, the genes and the underlying molecular mechanisms related to weevil resistance are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis using the resistant Kyushu No. 166 (K166) and susceptible Tamayutaka cultivars. The weevil resistance test showed a significant difference between the two cultivars at 30 days after the inoculation, specifically in the weevil growth stage and the suppressed weevil pupation that was only observed in K166. Differential expression and gene ontology analyses revealed that the genes upregulated after inoculation in K166 were related to phosphorylation, metabolic, and cellular processes. Because the weevil resistance was considered to be related to the suppression of larval pupation, we investigated the juvenile hormone (JH)-related genes involved in the inhibition of insect metamorphosis. We found that the expression of some terpenoid-related genes, which are classified as plant-derived JHs, was significantly increased in K166. This is the first study involving a comprehensive gene expression analysis that provides new insights about the genes and mechanisms associated with weevil resistance in sweetpotato.

DOI： 10.3390/plants10081535

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Correction to: Comparative Gene Analysis Focused on Silica Cell Wall Formation: Identification of Diatom-Specific SET Domain Protein Methyltransferases. International journal

Michiko Nemoto, Sayako Iwaki, Hisao Moriya, Yuki Monden, Takashi Tamura, Kenji Inagaki, Shigeki Mayama, Kiori Obuse

Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) 23 ( 1 ) 157 - 157 2021.2

Genetic Mapping in Autohexaploid Sweet Potato with Low-Coverage NGS-Based Genotyping Data Reviewed International journal

Eiji Yamamoto, Kenta Shirasawa, Takumi Kimura, Yuki Monden, Masaru Tanaka, Sachiko Isobe

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10 ( 8 ) 2661 - 2670 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Oxford University Press (OUP)

<title>Abstract</title>
Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based genotyping methods can generate numerous genetic markers in a single experiment and have contributed to plant genetic mapping. However, for high precision genetic analysis, the complicated genetic segregation mode in polyploid organisms requires high-coverage NGS data and elaborate analytical algorithms. In the present study, we propose a simple strategy for the genetic mapping of polyploids using low-coverage NGS data. The validity of the strategy was investigated using simulated data. Previous studies indicated that accurate allele dosage estimation from low-coverage NGS data (read depth &lt; 40) is difficult. Therefore, we used allele dosage probabilities calculated from read counts in association analyses to detect loci associated with phenotypic variations. The allele dosage probabilities showed significant detection power, although higher allele dosage estimation accuracy resulted in higher detection power. On the contrary, differences in the segregation patterns between the marker and causal genes resulted in a drastic decrease in detection power even if the marker and casual genes were in complete linkage and the allele dosage estimation was accurate. These results indicated that the use of a larger number of markers is advantageous, even if the accuracy of allele dosage estimation is low. Finally, we applied the strategy for the genetic mapping of autohexaploid sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) populations to detect loci associated with agronomic traits. Our strategy could constitute a cost-effective approach for preliminary experiments done performed to large-scale studies.

DOI： 10.1534/g3.120.401433

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Comparative Gene Analysis Focused on Silica Cell Wall Formation: Identification of Diatom-Specific SET Domain Protein Methyltransferases. Reviewed International journal

Michiko Nemoto, Sayako Iwaki, Hisao Moriya, Yuki Monden, Takashi Tamura, Kenji Inagaki, Shigeki Mayama, Kiori Obuse

Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) 2020.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Silica cell walls of diatoms have attracted attention as a source of nanostructured functional materials and have immense potential for a variety of applications. Previous studies of silica cell wall formation have identified numerous involved proteins, but most of these proteins are species-specific and are not conserved among diatoms. However, because the basic process of diatom cell wall formation is common to all diatom species, ubiquitous proteins and molecules will reveal the mechanisms of cell wall formation. In this study, we assembled de novo transcriptomes of three diatom species, Nitzschia palea, Achnanthes kuwaitensis, and Pseudoleyanella lunata, and compared protein-coding genes of five genome-sequenced diatom species. These analyses revealed a number of diatom-specific genes that encode putative endoplasmic reticulum-targeting proteins. Significant numbers of these proteins showed homology to silicanin-1, which is a conserved diatom protein that reportedly contributes to cell wall formation. These proteins also included a previously unrecognized SET domain protein methyltransferase family that may regulate functions of cell wall formation-related proteins and long-chain polyamines. Proteomic analysis of cell wall-associated proteins in N. palea identified a protein that is also encoded by one of the diatom-specific genes. Expression analysis showed that candidate genes were upregulated in response to silicon, suggesting that these genes play roles in silica cell wall formation. These candidate genes can facilitate further investigations of silica cell wall formation in diatoms.

DOI： 10.1007/s10126-020-09976-1

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Molecular discrimination of Japanese tetraploid grape cultivars based on retrotranspon sequences

高田翔太, 藤田景子, 福永健二, 門田有希

DNA多型 28 ( 1 ) 46 - 50 2020.6

Developing transposable element marker system for molecular breeding Reviewed

R. S. Bhat, K. Shirasawa, Y. Monden, H. Yamashita, M. Tahara

Methods in Molecular Biology 2107 233 - 251 2020.1

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020. Transposable element (TE) marker system was developed considering the useful properties of the transposable elements such as their large number in the animal and plant genomes, high rate of insertion polymorphism, and ease of detection. Various methods have been employed for developing a large number of TE markers in several crop plants for genomics studies. Here we describe some of these methods including the recent whole genome search. We also review the application of TE markers in molecular breeding.

DOI： 10.1007/978-1-0716-0235-5_11

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QTL analysis and GWAS of agronomic traits in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) using genome wide SNPs Reviewed

Emdadul Haque, Hiroaki Tabuchi, Yuki Monden, Keisuke Suematsu, Kenta Shirasawa, Sachiko Isobe, Masaru Tanaka

Breeding Science 70 ( 3 ) 283 - 291 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society of Breeding

<p>While sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) improvement has generally been done by field-based selection, molecular genetic studies on traits of interest, i.e., molecular markers are needed for enhancing the breeding program of this world's 7^th most important crop, as such markers facilitate marker-assisted selection. Here, we performed a combined approach of QTLs analyses and GWAS of storage root β-carotene content (BC), dry-matter (DM) and starch content (SC) using the genetic linkage maps constructed with 5,952 and 5,640 SNPs obtained from F₁ progenies between cultivars 'J-Red' and 'Choshu'. BC was negatively correlated with DM (r = –0.45) and SC (r = –0.51), while DM was positively correlated with SC (r = 0.94). In both parental maps, a total of five, two and five QTL regions on linkage groups 7 and 8 were associated with BC, DM and SC, respectively. In GWAS of BC, one strong signal (P = 1.04 × 10^–9) was observed on linkage group 8, which co-located with one of the above QTL regions. The SNPs markers found here, particularly for β-carotene, would be useful base resources for future marker-assisted selection program with this trait.</p>

DOI： 10.1270/jsbbs.19099

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