Faculty Profiles - KASAHARA Shingo

Papers - KASAHARA Shingo

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Endocardial Hemangioma of the Right Ventricle: Complete Excision With Right Ventricular Restoration. International journal

Masanori Hirota, Takanori Suezawa, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Takuya Kawabata, Yosuke Kuroko, Yasuhiro Kotani, Hiroshi Ito, Shingo Kasahara

The Annals of thoracic surgery 111 ( 6 ) e411-e413 2021.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Primary cardiac tumor can arise from any location in the right and left cardiac chamber. Complete excision is generally recommended because of uncertainty regarding malignancy; however it is important to minimize the resultant functional deterioration after surgery. We report a case of endocardial hemangioma (4 × 3 × 3 cm) on the free wall of the right ventricle, located between the anterior and posterior papillary muscles. We describe details of the procedure to preserve the right ventricular volume and competence of the tricuspid valve.

DOI： 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.09.078

Prognosis of patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction after transvenous lead extraction and the need for additional hemodynamic support in the perioperative period. International journal

Nobuhiro Nishii, Takashi Nishimoto, Tomofumi Mizuno, Takuro Masuda, Saori Asada, Masakazu Miyamoto, Satoshi Kawada, Koji Nakagawa, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Morita, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Shingo Kasahara, Hiroshi Ito

Heart rhythm 18 ( 6 ) 962 - 969 2021.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is necessary because of system infection, lead malfunction, or system upgrade. Patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction (SLVD) undergoing TLE may be at a higher risk because hemodynamic parameters may change unfavorably during or after TLE; however, this has not yet been clarified. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether patients with SLVD undergoing TLE have higher mortality. METHODS: All patients who underwent TLE were stratified as follows: patients with ejection fraction ≤ 35% (SLVD group) and those with ejection fraction > 35% (non-SLVD group). RESULTS: We assessed the data of 200 patients (SLVD group, 36; non-SLVD group, 164). Brain natriuretic peptide level and cardiac resynchronization therapy rate were higher in the SLVD group than in the non-SLVD group. There were no significant between-group differences in major complications and clinical success rates. Patients with SLVD were more likely to require additional hemodynamic support, such as catecholamine infusion, temporary atrial-ventricle sequential pacing, and temporary cardiac resynchronization therapy pacing (27.8% vs 1.2%; P < .001). The survival rate was not significantly different between the groups at 30 days and 1 year after TLE (SLVD vs non-SLVD: 30 days: 97.2% vs 99.4%; P = .215; 1 year: 80.6% vs 91.5%; P = .053). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed log brain natriuretic peptide and serum hemoglobin levels as predictors for 1-year mortality. CONCLUSION: The prognosis after TLE was comparable between patients with and without SLVD. However, additional hemodynamic support was often necessary for patients with SLVD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.01.026

Reverse left ventricular remodelling after aortic valve replacement for severe aortic insufficiency. International journal

Teppei Toya, Satsuki Fukushima, Yusuke Shimahara, Shingo Kasahara, Junjiro Kobayashi, Tomoyuki Fujita

Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery 32 ( 6 ) 846 - 854 2021.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic insufficiency with a focus on pre- and postoperative left ventricular (LV) function to explore predictive factors that influence the recovery of LV function and clinical outcome. METHODS: A total of 478 patients who underwent AVR for pure severe aortic insufficiency were grouped according to the preoperative echocardiographical LV ejection fraction (EF): low (LO) EF <35% (n = 43), moderate EF 35-50% (n = 150) or normal EF >50% (n = 285). RESULTS: Actuarial survival at 10 years post-AVR was 64% with a LO EF, 92% with a moderate EF and 93% with a normal EF (P = 0.016), whereas 10-year rates of freedom from major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events were 47%, 79% and 84%, respectively (P < 0.0001). Echocardiography at 1 year post-AVR demonstrated that EF substantially improved in all groups. We noted a significant difference in survival (P = 0.0086) and in freedom from major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events (P = 0.024) between patients with an EF ≥35% and those with an EF <35% in the LO EF group. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that predictive factors for lack of improvement in EF 1 year post-AVR in the LO EF group included plasma brain natriuretic peptide >365 pg/mL (P = 0.0022) and echocardiographic LV mass index) >193 g/m2 (P = 0.0018). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term outcome post-AVR for severe aortic insufficiency was largely influenced by preoperative LV function. Predictive factors of failure to recover ventricular function post-AVR included EF <25%, pre-brain natriuretic peptide >365 pg/mL or LV mass index >193 g/m2.

DOI： 10.1093/icvts/ivab020

Multiple Late Complications After Takeuchi Repair of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery. International journal

Fumi Yokohama, Norihisa Toh, Yasuhiro Kotani, Nobuhisa Watanabe, Yoichi Takaya, Teiji Akagi, Shingo Kasahara, Hiroshi Ito

JACC. Case reports 3 ( 5 ) 731 - 735 2021.5

Language：English

Takeuchi repair is a unique surgical approach in anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. We present an adult patient with anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with multiple late structural complications after Takeuchi repair who was evaluated using multimodality imaging, including newly developed cardiac fusion imaging with computed tomography and echocardiography. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

DOI： 10.1016/j.jaccas.2021.02.035

Corrigendum to 'Norwood procedure with right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit: a single-centre 20-year experience' [Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020;58:230-236]. International journal

Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kotani, Yosuke Kuroko, Takuya Kawabata, Shunji Sano, Shingo Kasahara

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery 59 ( 4 ) 931 - 931 2021.4

Ex vivo evaluation of the biventricular cardiac function for donation after circulatory death model: An experimental study. International journal

Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kotani, Naoya Sakoda, Sachiko Kadowaki, Shingo Kasahara

Artificial organs 45 ( 4 ) 373 - 381 2021.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Few reports on a biventricular working heart model with ex vivo perfusion exist owing to the complexity of establishing a circuit. Hence, we investigated it for donation after circulatory death. The heart in six juvenile pigs (~20 kg) was arrested by asphyxiation. After 30 minutes of global ischemia, the heart was harvested, reperfused with normoxemic blood cardioplegia for 20 minutes, and subsequently perfused with hyperxemic blood. After 70 minutes of controlled reperfusion, the system was switched to the biventricular working mode. Cardiac function was assessed before anoxia and during the biventricular mode. Left and right ventricular functions worsened during the biventricular mode, as compared to those before anoxia (dP/dtmax , 673 ± 120 vs. 283 ± 95 and 251 ± 35 vs. 141 ± 21 mm Hg/s, respectively; P < .001). Systemic (resistance/100 g net heart weight) and pulmonary vascular resistance indexes during the biventricular mode were similar to those before anoxia (829 ± 262 vs. 759 ± 359, P = .707, and 167 ± 57 vs. 158 ± 83 dynes·sec·cm-5 - l-100-g net heart weight, P = .859, respectively). The biventricular working heart model with ex vivo perfusion was feasible, exhibited stable hemodynamics, and has the potential to be a powerful tool for direct cardiac function assessment.

DOI： 10.1111/aor.13834

Assessment of the right ventricle in donation after circulatory death hearts. International journal

Sachiko Kadowaki, Yasuhiro Kotani, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Takuya Goto, Shingo Kasahara

Artificial organs 45 ( 3 ) 263 - 270 2021.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In donation after circulatory death heart transplantation, the donor heart is exposed to circulatory load. The right ventricle, due to its structure, has high compliance for volume load but is particularly vulnerable to increased pressure load. This study used a porcine model to conduct a functional assessment of the hemodynamics of the heart, with a focus on the right ventricle. Six pigs weighing 24.6 ± 1.4 kg were used. Circulatory death was induced by asphyxiation after median sternotomy. After 30 minutes in the state of global warm ischemia, the ascending aorta was clamped, followed by a 20-minute reperfusion of the heart with a 20°C blood cardioplegia solution. Systemic circulation was established by cardiopulmonary bypass after aortic cross-clamping. After initial reperfusion, the blood cardioplegia solution was replaced with blood. The blood was then rewarmed while the heart was still in a non-working state. Cardiac function was assessed twice in situ, first by the thermodilution method, and then, by the pressure-volume measurement both at preischemia and at three hours after initiation of reperfusion. The recovery rate of cardiac output was 75%. End-systolic elastance (P = .02) and pulmonary arterial elastance significantly increased (P = .03), but the ratio of arterial elastance to end-systolic elastance was preserved (P = .91) in the right ventricle. Despite a decrease in cardiac output after reperfusion from warm ischemia, the right ventricle had a potential to respond the elevated afterload. It is important that donations after circulatory death heart transplantation should be performed with attention to avoiding right ventricular distension.

DOI： 10.1111/aor.13823

Targeting mitochondrial fission as a potential therapeutic for abdominal aortic aneurysm. International journal

Hannah A Cooper, Stephanie Cicalese, Kyle J Preston, Tatsuo Kawai, Keisuke Okuno, Eric T Choi, Shingo Kasahara, Haruhito A Uchida, Nozomu Otaka, Rosario Scalia, Victor Rizzo, Satoru Eguchi

Cardiovascular research 117 ( 3 ) 971 - 982 2021.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIMS: Angiotensin II (AngII) is a potential contributor to the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). In aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), exposure to AngII induces mitochondrial fission via dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). However, pathophysiological relevance of mitochondrial morphology in AngII-associated AAA remains unexplored. Here, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial fission is involved in the development of AAA. METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on human AAA samples and revealed enhanced expression of Drp1. In C57BL6 mice treated with AngII plus β-aminopropionitrile, AAA tissue also showed an increase in Drp1 expression. A mitochondrial fission inhibitor, mdivi1, attenuated AAA size, associated aortic pathology, Drp1 protein induction, and mitochondrial fission but not hypertension in these mice. Moreover, western-blot analysis showed that induction of matrix metalloproteinase-2, which precedes the development of AAA, was blocked by mdivi1. Mdivi1 also reduced the development of AAA in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice infused with AngII. As with mdivi1, Drp1+/- mice treated with AngII plus β-aminopropionitrile showed a decrease in AAA compared to control Drp1+/+ mice. In abdominal aortic VSMCs, AngII induced phosphorylation of Drp1 and mitochondrial fission, the latter of which was attenuated with Drp1 silencing as well as mdivi1. AngII also induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and enhanced leucocyte adhesion and mitochondrial oxygen consumption in smooth muscle cells, which were attenuated with mdivi1. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that Drp1 and mitochondrial fission play salient roles in AAA development, which likely involves mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory activation of VSMCs.

DOI： 10.1093/cvr/cvaa133

Risk factors and outcomes of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. International journal

Hiroshi Taka, Yasuhiro Kotani, Yosuke Kuroko, Susumu Iwadou, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Shingo Kasahara

Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals 29 ( 9 ) 218492321997379 - 218492321997379 2021.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common neonatal and pediatric cardiac indication for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Risk factors of survival and neurologic complication were different in many centers. We sought to evaluate survival and neurological outcome after ECMO in patients with CHD. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 37 patients (<16 years old) who received ECMO. Indications for ECMO were failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass in 18 patients, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in 13 patients, and others in 6 patients. The median cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) duration in ECPR patients was 48 min (interquartile range: 38-53 min). Neurological outcomes were evaluated using the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) scale one year after hospital discharge. RESULTS: The median ECMO duration was 160 (91-286) h. Twenty-nine patients (78%) were successfully weaned off ECMO. Overall survival to hospital discharge was 59%. Risk factors of mortality were as follows: ECMO duration >1 week and urine output <1 mL/kg/h in the first 24 h after ECMO induction by multivariable analysis. Of the 22 survivors, 15 (68%) patients had a favorable outcome (PCPC ≤2). Risk factors for unfavorable outcomes (PCPC ≥3) included ECPR as indication and CPR of longer than 40 min. CONCLUSIONS: Longer ECMO duration and lower urine output were associated with increased mortality. Neurologic outcomes were not satisfactory when CPR was required for a longer period before ECMO establishment.

DOI： 10.1177/0218492321997379

Outcomes of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction in Children: Retrospective Comparison Between Bovine Jugular Vein and Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Conduits. International journal

Kenta Hirai, Kenji Baba, Takuya Goto, Daiki Ousaka, Maiko Kondo, Takahiro Eitoku, Yasuhiro Kotani, Shingo Kasahara, Shinichi Ohtsuki, Hirokazu Tsukahara

Pediatric cardiology 42 ( 1 ) 100 - 108 2021.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Bovine jugular vein (BJV) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) conduits have been described as alternatives to the homograft for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction. This study compared RVOT reconstructions using BJV and ePTFE conduits performed in a single institution. The valve functions and outcomes of patients aged < 18 years who underwent primary RVOT reconstruction with a BJV or ePTFE conduit between 2013 and 2017 were retrospectively investigated. 44 patients (20 and 24 with BJV and ePTFE conduits, respectively) met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up time was 4.5 ± 1.5 years. No significant differences in peak RVOT velocity (1.8 ± 0.9 m/s vs 2.1 ± 0.9 m/s, P = 0.27), branch pulmonary stenosis (P = 0.50), or pulmonary regurgitation (P = 0.44) were found between the BJV and ePTFE conduit groups, respectively. Aneurysmal dilatation of the conduit was observed in 25.0% of the patients in the BJV conduit group but not in the ePTFE conduit group (P = 0.011). All the cases with aneurysmal dilatation of the BJV conduit were complicated with branch pulmonary stenosis up to 3.0 m/s (P = 0.004). No conduit infections occurred during the follow-up period, and no significant difference in conduit replacement (20.0% vs 8.3%, P = 0.43) was found between the BJV and ePTFE conduit groups, respectively. The outcomes of the RVOT reconstructions with BJV and ePTFE conduits were clinically satisfactory. Aneurysmal dilatation was found in the BJV conduit cases, with branch pulmonary stenosis as the risk factor.

DOI： 10.1007/s00246-020-02458-0

Cardiosphere-derived exosomal microRNAs for myocardial repair in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy. International journal

Kenta Hirai, Daiki Ousaka, Yosuke Fukushima, Maiko Kondo, Takahiro Eitoku, Yusuke Shigemitsu, Mayuko Hara, Kenji Baba, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Shingo Kasahara, Shinichi Ohtsuki, Hidemasa Oh

Science translational medicine 12 ( 573 ) 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Although cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) improve cardiac function and outcomes in patients with single ventricle physiology, little is known about their safety and therapeutic benefit in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of CDCs in a porcine model of DCM and translate the preclinical results into this patient population. A swine model of DCM using intracoronary injection of microspheres created cardiac dysfunction. Forty pigs were randomized as preclinical validation of the delivery method and CDC doses, and CDC-secreted exosome (CDCex)-mediated cardiac repair was analyzed. A phase 1 safety cohort enrolled five pediatric patients with DCM and reduced ejection fraction to receive CDC infusion. The primary endpoint was to assess safety, and the secondary outcome measure was change in cardiac function. Improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis were noted in animals treated with CDCs compared with placebo. These functional benefits were mediated via CDCex that were highly enriched with proangiogenic and cardioprotective microRNAs (miRNAs), whereas isolated CDCex did not recapitulate these reparative effects. One-year follow-up of safety lead-in stage was completed with favorable profile and preliminary efficacy outcomes. Increased CDCex-derived miR-146a-5p expression was associated with the reduction in myocardial fibrosis via suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and transcripts. Collectively, intracoronary CDC administration is safe and improves cardiac function through CDCex in a porcine model of DCM. The safety lead-in results in patients provide a translational framework for further studies of randomized trials and CDCex-derived miRNAs as potential paracrine mediators underlying this therapeutic strategy.

DOI： 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb3336

How to Reconstruct Neo-Aortic Arch Without Patch at Norwood-Sano Procedure

Shunji Sano, Peter C. Kouretas, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kotani, Shingo Kasahara

Operative Techniques in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 25 ( 4 ) 221 - 241 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：W.B. Saunders

The Norwood procedure consists of a complex reconstruction resulting in: (1) unobstructed systemic outflow from the right ventricle to neo-aorta, (2) creation of large atrial septal defect, and (3) a controlled source of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) from the systemic circulation. The Sano modification provides the source of PBF from the right ventricle. Both procedures have advantages and disadvantages, therefore, there have been many debates regarding which procedure is better as a first stage palliation. Another ongoing debate of first stage palliation is the method of reconstruction of the neo-aorta. Aortic arch obstruction increases afterload and leads to ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation. Recent SVR Trial identified recurrent coarctation requiring intervention in 18% of patients. We believe that another important point regarding reconstruction of the neo-aorta is the use of only native tissue and minimizing the use of inelastic patch material. Because elastic properties of the arterial tree are known to have a profound influence on ventricular function, arterial elasticity may therefore be of particular importance to those patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. During the past 20 years, we have modified our original technique of aortic arch reconstruction. Proximal arch plication and creation of elongated flaps of the main pulmonary artery are 2 of our recent modifications which facilitate neo-aortic reconstruction with native tissue. We describe a technique where direct anastomosis of neo-aorta is achieved with avoidance of foreign material in a majority of our patients.

DOI： 10.1053/j.optechstcvs.2020.07.004

Residual Restrictive Right Ventricular Physiology after One-and-a-Half Ventricular Repair Conversion in Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum. International journal

Kazuki Suruga, Norihisa Toh, Yasuhiro Kotani, Hideki Onishi, Teiji Akagi, Shingo Kasahara, Hiroshi Ito

CASE (Philadelphia, Pa.) 4 ( 6 ) 523 - 525 2020.12

The impact of pulmonary artery banding and cardiac resynchronization therapy for the adult patient with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.

Sachiko Kadowaki, Yasuhiro Kotani, Norihisa Toh, Yosuke Kuroko, Atsushi Tateishi, Teiji Akagi, Hiroshi Ito, Shingo Kasahara

General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 68 ( 9 ) 1024 - 1026 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

It has been controversial how to manage severe dysfunction of the systemic right ventricle and severe tricuspid regurgitation for adult patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. We reported a 43-year-old man with these disorders, who received pulmonary artery banding and cardiac resynchronization therapy without cardiopulmonary bypass. The degree of the tricuspid regurgitation was improved to mild-moderate and systemic right ventricular ejection fraction was improved from 28 to 45% after surgery. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing showed that the predictive value of anaerobic threshold and peak oxygen uptake improved from 65 to 99% and 59 to 92%, respectively. In conclusion, pulmonary artery banding and cardiac resynchronization therapy can be the first choice of surgery for severe tricuspid regurgitation with severely impaired systemic right ventricular function. After improving systemic right ventricular dysfunction tricuspid surgery could be the next choice as a surgical intervention in the future.

DOI： 10.1007/s11748-019-01171-x

[Congenital Heart Disease Having Left to Right Shunts Combined with Pulmonary Hypertension;Preoperative and Postoperative Management].

Shingo Kasahara

Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 73 ( 10 ) 789 - 794 2020.9

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A large population of patients with congenital heart disease with untreated systemic to pulmonary shunts( left to right shunts) will develop pulmonary arterial hypertension( PAH). There are 2 different statuses of an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure. One is high resistance due to high pulmonary blood flow (high flow with high resistance), another one is low pulmonary flow due to high resistance (low flow with high resistance). Chronic large left-to-right shunt induced severe pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension. This was then subsequence of low pulmonary blood flow with high pulmonary vascular resistance. We have to avoid this situation and have to do intervention within the pulmonary vascular reactivity has been left. For this reason, preoperative treatment for avoidance of high flow, appropriate timing of interventions and postoperative various managements are important factors as aiming of low pulmonary resistance in this group. Recent advances in PAH-specific drugs have dramatically changed the therapeutic strategy for PAH. A strategy that includes "treatment" with PAH-specific drugs initially and then "repair" by closure of the cardiac defect (i.e. "treat and repair") was devised, and has been attempted, in patients with PAH associated with a cardiac defect.

Norwood procedure with right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit: a single-centre 20-year experience. International journal

Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Kotani, Yosuke Kuroko, Takuya Kawabata, Shunji Sano, Shingo Kasahara

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery 58 ( 2 ) 230 - 236 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the Norwood procedure with right ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit for hypoplastic left heart complex. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed in 136 patients with hypoplastic left heart complex who underwent a Norwood procedure with RV-PA conduit between 1998 and 2017. The probabilities of survival, reintervention and Fontan completion were analysed. RESULTS: Stage 1 survival was 91.9% (125/136). Reintervention for PA stenosis was needed for 22% and 30% at stages 2 and 3, respectively, while 15% underwent reintervention for aortic arch recoarctation. Among 106 bidirectional Glenn survivors, 93 (68% of the total number of patients) had a Fontan completion, while 4 were not considered to be Fontan candidates. Risk factors for overall mortality included weighing <2.5 kg at the time of the Norwood procedure, intact atrium septum, total anomalous pulmonary vein connection and more than mild atrioventricular regurgitation at the time of the Norwood procedure. Overall survival was 80.9%, 72.3% and 62.8% at 1, 5 and 20 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Probabilities of survival and Fontan completion were acceptable under the current surgical strategy incorporating RV-PA Norwood procedure as the first palliation. Incorporating a strategy to maintain PA growth and ventricular function through the staged repair is of prime importance. Further studies are necessary to observe changes in atrioventricular regurgitation as well as in right ventricular function, in patients who require atrioventricular valve interventions during the staged Fontan completion.

DOI： 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa041

Clinical impact of transcatheter atrial septal defect closure on new onset atrial fibrillation in adult patients: Comparison with surgical closure. International journal

Yasuhiro Fujii, Teiji Akagi, Koji Nakagawa, Yoichi Takaya, Koki Eto, Yosuke Kuroko, Yasuhiro Kotani, Kentaro Ejiri, Hiroshi Ito, Shingo Kasahara

Journal of cardiology 76 ( 1 ) 94 - 99 2020.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated that the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) was significantly increased when patients aged ≥40 years had surgical atrial septal defect (ASD) closure (sASD). However, limited information is available on such findings in transcatheter ASD closure (tASD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of newly developed AF after tASD in patients aged ≥40 years in whom preoperative AF or atrial flutter (AFL) had not been detected and to compare with the incidence after sASD. METHODS: The medical records of patients aged ≥40 years without a history of AF or AFL who underwent tASD (n = 281) or sASD (n = 24) were reviewed. Patients who had catheter ablation before the ASD closure were excluded. Patients with a patent foramen ovale were also excluded. The incidence of newly developed AF after ASD closure and the risk factors for that were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Eleven patients had newly developed AF (5 in tASD and 6 in sASD) postoperatively including 6 persistent AF (3 each after tASD and sASD). The cumulative incidence of newly developed AF was 0.7% in tASD and 16.7% in sASD, and 2.7% and 20.8% at 1 and 5 years, respectively (p < 0.001). ASD diameter ≥30 mm and sASD were potential risk factors for newly developed AF after ASD closure and postoperative persistent AF. CONCLUSIONS: In patients aged ≥40 years without a history of AF or AFL, the incidence of newly developed AF after tASD closure was lower than that after sASD. A large ASD more than 30 mm diameter was a potential risk factor for development of AF even if it is closed by transcatheter procedure. Further long-term evaluation after tASD is required to clarify preventive benefit for new onset AF in adult ASD population.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jjcc.2020.01.008

Bioprosthetic Pulmonary Valve Replacement

Yasuhiro Kotani, Shingo Kasahara

Operative Techniques in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 25 ( 1 ) 13 - 26 2020.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：W.B. Saunders

An increasing number of patients will require pulmonary valve replacement following repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Most of these patients have a history of surgical repair with a transannular patch (ie, pulmonary valve not preserved). Ten to twenty years after the initial repair, severe pulmonary regurgitation results in right ventricular dilation and dysfunction. There are multiple prosthetic valve options and techniques to use when performing pulmonary valve replacements. Herein, we describe our technique of bioprosthetic pulmonary valve replacement.

DOI： 10.1053/j.optechstcvs.2020.01.001

Duplex Doppler ultrasonography with normal pulsatile features has misleading diagnostic potential in acute limb ischemia: a case report.

Daiki Ousaka, Nao Ikemoto, Megumi Fujiwara, Tetsuro Hanabata, Akira Teraoka, Susumu Oozawa, Shingo Kasahara

Journal of medical ultrasonics (2001) 47 ( 1 ) 147 - 148 2020.1

Outcomes of Patients with Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum Reaching Adulthood

Norihisa Toh, Yasuhiro Kotani, Teiji Akagi, Yosuke Kuroko, Kenji Baba, Shin-ichi Otsuki, Shingo Kasahara, Hiroshi Ito

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 15 ( 1 ) 1 - 12 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TECH SCIENCE PRESS

Background: There is limited information on outcomes of adult patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS) due to the low incidence of disease and the large variation of surgical histories. Methods: Among 58 patients with repaired PA-IVS, a total of 32 patients aged >= 16 years and who were followed at our institution between January 2003 and December 2018 were reviewed. Surgical history, clinical outcomes, and laboratory, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic data were obtained by chart review. Results: Follow-up was from the age of 16 years and the median age at the latest follow-up was 23.7 years. Twenty-four patients had undergone biventricular repair (BVR), 3 had undergone one-and-a half ventricular repair (1.5VR), and 5 had undergone univentricular repair. Over a median follow-up period of 7.7 years (interquartile range: 4.1-11.0 years), 1 BVR patient died suddenly and 7 patients had heart failure. Arrhythmias were present in 5 patients. Ten patients underwent surgical re-interventions, including 4 BVR take-downs with conversion to 1.5VR and 3 Fontan conversions. Overall survival, heart failure-free, arrhythmia-free, and surgical re-intervention-free rates at 5 years and 10 years from the age of 16 years were 96.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 77.2-99.4) and 96.2% (95% CI, 77.2-99.4), 81.4% (95% CI, 62.1-92.1) and 74.6% (95%CI, 52.3-88.7), 88.7% (95% CI, 70.1-96.3) and 75.9% (95% CI, 51.7-90.2), and 80.7% (95% CI, 60.8-91.8) and 70.8% (95% CI, 49.7-85.7), respectively. Conclusion: Adults with PA-IVS have preserved long-term survival regardless of the early operative strategy, while they are at risk for heart failure, arrhythmia, and surgical re-intervention. Thus, detailed and continued follow-up is mandatory for all PA-IVS patients from childhood to adulthood.

DOI： 10.32604/CHD.2020.011579

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