Faculty Profiles - KIM Hye-Sook

Papers - KIM Hye-Sook

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Proteome analysis of new antimalarial endoperoxide against Plasmodium falciparum

Nagwa S. M. Aly, Akiko Hiramoto, Hitomi Sanai, Osamu Hiraoka, Kazuyuki Hiramoto, Hiroyuki Kataoka, Jin-Ming Wu, Araki Masuyama, Masatomo Nojima, Satoru Kawai, Hye-Sook Kim, Yusuke Wataya

PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH 100 ( 5 ) 1119 - 1124 2007.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER

N-89, a new antimalarial endoperoxide, was selected as a promising antimalarial compound showing high activity and selectivity. To study the mechanism of N-89 action, N-89 resistant strain (NRC10) was obtained by intermittent drug pressure. NRC10 bad a tenfold increase in the EC50 value of N-89. No cross-resistance was obtained with other antimalarial compounds. Comparative proteome analysis of N-89 sensitive and NRC10 strains revealed over-expression of 12 spots and down-regulation of 14 spots in NRC10. Fifteen proteins were identified of Plasmodium falciparum origin. The identified proteins representing several functions, mainly related to the glycolytic pathway, and metabolism of protein and lipid. Our results suggest that identified proteins may be candidates of antimalarial endoperoxide targets.

DOI： 10.1007/s00436-007-0460-8

Proteome and transcriptome analysis of cell death induced by 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine. International journal

Akira Sato, Eriko Miyazaki, Akito Satake, Akiko Hiramoto, Osamu Hiraoka, Tsuyoshi Miyake, Hye-Sook Kim, Yusuke Wataya

Nucleic acids symposium series (2004) ( 51 ) 433 - 4 2007

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR) inhibits thymidylate synthase. We have been investigated the molecular mechanisms of cell death in mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells, F28-7 strain and its mutant F28-7-A strain, after treated with FUdR. Previously, we have been reported that F28-7 strain induced DNA cleavage into chromosomal sized fragments and subsequently develop necrosis, but F28-7-A strain induced DNA cleavage into oligonucleosomal sized fragments and subsequently develop apoptosis after treated with FUdR. To understand the molecular mechanisms of regulate of two differential cell death necrosis and apoptosis, we identify cell death regulator by using proteome and transcriptome analysis. When compared with the proteome of F28-7 and F28-7-A strain after treated with FUdR, it was found that 5 proteins were up-regulated and 11 proteins were down-regulated in F28-7-A strain. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis shows that 94 genes were up-regulated and 164 genes were downregulated in F28-7-A strain. Identified proteins and genes were involved in various cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation. Our results suggested that numerous features indicated the coordinated regulation of molecular networks from various aspects of necrosis or apoptosis at the proteome and transcriptome levels.

Design, synthesis and in vitro antimalarial activity of spiroperoxides

Hong-Xia Jin, Qi Zhang, Hye-Sook Kim, Yusuke Wataya, He-Hua Liu, Yikang Wu

TETRAHEDRON 62 ( 33 ) 7699 - 7711 2006.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Several spiroperoxy antimalarial compounds were designed and synthesized using the hydrogen peroxide in UHP (urea-H2O2 complex) as the source of the peroxy bond. Incorporation of the H2O2 into the organic molecule framework through ketal exchange reaction in the present cases was greatly facilitated by the potential to form a five- or six-membered cyclic hemiketal due to the presence of a hydroxyl group gamma or beta to the ketone carbonyl group. When the electron-withdrawing group in the Michael acceptor was a nitro group, the closure of the peroxy ring occurred readily under the hydroxidation conditions. Presence of a benzene ring fused to the peroxy ling effectively reduced the degrees of freedom in the transition state for the ring-closure step and made the otherwise very difficult seven-membered 1,2-dioxepane rather easy to form through the intramolecular Michael addition. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.065

Antimalarial effect of bis-pyridinium salts, N,N '-hexamethylenebis(4-carbamoyl-1-alkylpyridinium bromide)

K Fujimoto, D Morisaki, M Yoshida, T Namba, K Hye-Sook, Y Wataya, H Kourai, H Kakuta, K Sasaki

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 16 ( 10 ) 2758 - 2760 2006.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

The in vitro antimalarial activity of bis-pyridinium salts, N,N'-hexamethylenebis(4-carbamoyl-1-decylpyridinium bromide) and their derivatives, against the Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain (ATCC 30932, chloroquine-sensitive) was evaluated. All test compounds exhibited antimalarial activity over a concentration range of 3.5 mu M to 10 nM. The chain length of the N1-alkyl moiety was found to be very beneficial in terms of antimalarial activity, and in this series of compounds, the most appropriate N1-alkyl chain length was found to be eight. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.02.030

Trichomonicidal Activity of Herbal Extracts Used in Traditional Medicine in Korea.

Youn-Chul Kim, Jae-Sook Ryu, Hyoung-Jun Kim, Kyung-Min Choi, Hye-Sook Kim, Hyun Park

Korean J.Oriental Physiology & Pathology 2006

A case of mixed infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium ovale from nigeria: Difficulty of microscopic diagnosis after inappropriate treatment.

Haruki, K, Kaku, K, Yamamoto, T, Katagiri, T, Sakurai, Y, Hirose, W, Kim, H.-S, Wataya, Y

Clinic. Parsitol., 2006

An apoptotic pathway of 3'-Ethynylcytidine(ECyd) involving the inhibition of RNA synthesis mediated by RNase L. International journal

Tomoharu Naito, Tatsushi Yokogawa, Hye-Sook Kim, Akira Matsuda, Takuma Sasaki, Masakazu Fukushima, Yukio Kitade, Yusuke Wataya

Nucleic acids symposium series (2004) ( 50 ) 103 - 4 2006

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

RNase L is an endoribonuclease that requires 2'-5' oligoadenylate to cleave single-stranded RNA. Although the antiviral effects of RNase L are well known because of its viral RNA degradation activity recently but it has been suggested that RNase L is concerned in mitochondrial-caspase dependent apoptotic signaling pathway induced by a number of anticancer agents. Moreover, it has variety of functions including translation and transcription of proteins. In this report, we found that 1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl) cytosine (ECyd), which inhibits RNA synthesis through competitive inhibition of RNA polymerase I induced 28S rRNA fragmentation. The cleavage pattern of rRNA induced by ECyd was similar and the cleavage sites were identical to those cleaved by RNase L. Additionaly, apoptosis induced by ECyd was elevated following the protein expression of RNase L in the tumor cells when treated with IFN-alpha2a which was known to induce RNase L expression. To identify the role of RNase L in apoptosis induced by ECyd, we detected the decreased level of RNase L by several folds in the tumor cell lines through a small interfering RNA (siRNA). These results indicated that RNase L might integrate apoptotic signals induced by ECyd and provide the possibility to be a novel clinical target for cancer chemotherapy.

Proteome and transcriptome analysis of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-induced cell death mechanisms. International journal

Akira Sato, Eriko Miyazaki, Akito Satake, Akiko Hiramoto, Osamu Hiraoka, Tsuyoshi Miyake, Hye-Sook Kim, Yusuke Wataya

Nucleic acids symposium series (2004) ( 50 ) 101 - 2 2006

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR) inhibits thymidylate synthase. The inhibition of thymidylate synthase causes an imbalance of intracellular deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools which subsequently induced cell death. We have been investigated the molecular mechanisms of cell death in mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells, F28-7 strain and its mutant F28-7-A strain, after treated with FUdR. We have previously been reported that F28-7 strain induced DNA cleavage into chromosomal sized fragments and subsequently develop necrosis, but F28-7-A strain induced DNA cleavage into oligonucleosomal sized fragments and subsequently develop apoptosis after treated with FUdR. In this report, in order to understand the molecular mechanisms of regulate of two differential cell death necrosis and apoptosis, we identify cell death regulator by using proteome and transcriptome analysis. When compared with the proteome from F28-7 strain and F28-7-A strain, it was found that ten proteins were increased and six proteins were decreased in F28-7-A strain. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis shows that 127 genes were increased and 181 genes were decreased in F28-7-A strain. These differentially expressed proteins and genes were involved in various cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation. These two techniques clarified numerous features in F28-7 strain and F28-7-A strain. Our results revealed that numerous features indicated the coordinated regulation of molecular networks from various aspects of necrosis or apoptosis at the proteome and transcriptome levels.

1,2,4,5-Tetraoxacycloalkanes: Synthesis and antimalarial activity

A Masuyama, JM Wu, M Nojima, HS Kim, Y Wataya

MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 5 ( 11 ) 1035 - 1043 2005.11

Language：English Publisher：BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD

In this short review the methods of preparation of novel 1,2,4,5-tetraoxacycloalkanes and the related peroxides are summarized, with the emphasis on the usefulness of 1,1-bishydroperoxides as the precursor. Also, their antimalarial activities in vitro and in vivo are discussed.

DOI： 10.2174/138955705774575255

Synthesis and biological activity of fatty acid derivatives of quinine

N Kumura, M Izumi, S Nakajima, S Shimizu, HS Kim, Y Wataya, N Baba

BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 69 ( 11 ) 2250 - 2253 2005.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Derivatives of quinine with fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids were prepared. They showed moderate antimalarial activity as compared with quinine itself using Plasmodium falciparum. The activities were not dependent on whether the fatty acyl group was saturated or unsaturated. On the other hand, the derivatives showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against a mammary tumor cell line FM3A than quinine itself. Calculating from these data, an acetyl derivative of quinine with the shortest acyl group was found to give the highest selectivity.

DOI： 10.1271/bbb.69.2250

Synthesis and in vitro antimalarial activity of several simple analogues of peroxyplakoric acid

HH Liu, HX Jin, Q Zhang, YK Wu, HS Kim, Y Wataya

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 23 ( 11 ) 1469 - 1473 2005.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH

Several simple analogues of peroxyplakoric acid were synthesized by using Kobayashi's method to construct the key 1,2-dioxane core and tested in vitro for antimalarial activity. The scope and limitation of the method was also briefly examined.

DOI： 10.1002/cjoc.200591469

Co-catalyzed autoxidation of alkene in the presence of silane. The effect of the structure of silanes on the efficiency of the reaction and on the product distribution

JM Wu, S Kunikawa, T Tokuyasu, A Masuyama, M Nojima, HS Kim, Y Wataya

TETRAHEDRON 61 ( 42 ) 9961 - 9968 2005.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

A systematic investigation of the structural effect of silanes on the Co-catalyzed reductive oxygenation of alkene in the presence of silane (Mukaiyama-Isayama reaction) showed that the efficiency of the reaction decreases with the increase of the steric bulk of the silanes. A similar trend was observed for the metal-exchange reaction between Co(III)-alkylperoxo complex and silane, too. The peroxidation of (S)-limonene, followed by deprotection of the derived silyl peroxides, provides a mixture of the corresponding monocyclic hydroperoxide 24 and the bicyclic one 25, the ratio being a marked function of the steric bulk of silanes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.025

Gastrodia elata blume and an active component, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol reduce focal ischemic brain injury through antioxidant related gene expressions

SJ Yu, Kim, JR, CK Lee, JE Han, JH Lee, HS Kim, JH Hong, SG Kang

BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 28 ( 6 ) 1016 - 1020 2005.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN

Ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of death and long-lasting disability. Gastrodia elata blume (GEB) is a Chinese herb that is widely used to treat convulsive disorders, such as epilepsy, and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA) is the active ingredient in GEB. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of GEB and HBA on the brain damage and transcriptional levels of Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and 1-Cys peroxiredoxin (1-Cys Prx) genes known to play a role in antioxidant systems after transient focal ischemia in the rat brain. Focal ischemia was induced in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). All animals underwent ischemia for I h, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Coronal brain slices were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride or total RNA was extracted for the analysis of gene expression. Histopathologic analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in infarct size in the ipsilateral brain with GEB extracts or HBA. Moreover, the levels of PDI and 1-Cys Prx transcription were significantly increased in the GEB extract- or HBA-treated group compared with the untreated group (p < 0.05). This study therefore indicated that GEB and HBA provide neuroprotection by preventing brain damage through the increased expression of genes encoding antioxidant proteins after transient focal cerebral ischemia and may be effective as neuroprotective agents at the cellular and molecular levels in the brain.

DOI： 10.1248/bpb.28.1016

Synthesis and evaluation of beta-carbolinium cations as new antimalarial agents based on pi-delocalized lipophilic cation (DLC) hypothesis

K Takasu, T Shimogama, C Saiin, HS Kim, Y Wataya, R Brun, M Ihara

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 53 ( 6 ) 653 - 661 2005.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN

Several beta-carbolines including naturally occurring substances and their corresponding cationic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antimalarial (anti plasmodial) activity in vitro and in vivo. A tetracyclic carbolinium salt was elucidated for antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities in vitro as well as antiplasmodial activity. Quarternary carbolinium cations showed much higher potencies in vitro than electronically neutral beta-carbolines and a good correlation was observed between pi-delocalized lipophilic cationic (DLC) structure and antimalarial efficacy. beta-Carbolinium compounds exhibit medium suppressive activity in vivo against rodent malaria.

DOI： 10.1248/cpb.53.653

Synthesis of novel siRNAs having thymidine dimers consisting of a carbamate or a urea linkage at their 3 ' overhang regions and their ability to suppress human RNase L protein expression

Y Ueno, T Naito, K Kawada, A Shibata, HS Kim, Y Wataya, Y Kitade

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 330 ( 4 ) 1168 - 1175 2005.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE

In order to examine the effect of modifications at the 3' overhang regions of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) oil their gene-silencing activities, we designed and synthesized novel siRNAs having thymidine dimers consisting of a carbamate or a urea linkage at their 3' overhang regions. Suppression of human RNase L protein expression by these siRNAs was analyzed by immunoblot with RNase L-specific antibody. It was found that, at 24 h post-transfection, the modified siRNAs having the thymidine dimers with the carbamate and urea linkage suppress the protein expression 78 and 37 times more efficiently than that with the natural phosphodiester linkage, respectively. Furthermore, the siRNA containing the carbamate linkage was 37 times more resistant to nucleolytic degradation by snake venom phosphodiesterase than the siRNA consisting of the natural phosphodiester linkage. Thus, the RNA duplexes having the thymidine dimers with the carbamate or urea linkage at their 3' overhang regions will be promising candidates for novel siRNA molecules to down-regulate protein expression. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.100

Synthesis of 5′-methylenearisteromycin and its 2-fluoro derivative with potent antimalarial activity due to inhibition of the parasite S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase

Chieko Takagi, Makoto Sukeda, Hye-Sook Kim, Yusuke Wataya, Saori Yabe, Yukio Kitade, Akira Matsuda, Satoshi Shuto

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry 3 ( 7 ) 1245 - 1251 2005.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

5′-Methylenearisteromycin (5) and its 2-fluoro derivative 6, which were designed as antimalarial agents because of their AdoHcy hydrolase inhibition, were synthesized from D-ribose, using a stereoselective intramolecular radical cyclization as the key step to construct the carbocyclic structure. These compounds were evaluated as AdoHcy hydrolase inhibitors with the recombinant human and malarial parasite enzymes. Although 5 and 6 were both potent inhibitors of the malarial parasite AdoHcy hydrolase, the 2-fluoro derivative 6 proved to be superior due to its lower inhibitory effect on the human enzyme. In addition, 6 was identified as a potent antimalarial agent using an in vitro assay system with Plasmodium falciparum. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.

DOI： 10.1039/b418829b

Inhibitory mechanisms of 1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-RIBO-pentofuranosyl)uracil (EUrd) on RNA synthesis

T Yokogawa, T Naito, H Kanda, S Takatori, K Takenaka, T Sasaki, A Matsuda, M Fukushima, HS Kim, Y Wataya

NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 24 ( 3 ) 227 - 232 2005

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC

1-(3-C-ethynyl-β-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)uracil (EUrd) is an antimetabolite that strongly inhibits RNA synthesis and shows a broad antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. In mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells, EUrd is sequentially phosphorylated to its 5-triphosphate, EUTP, a major metabolite, and the RNA synthesis is inhibited proportionally to its intracellular accumulation. To study the inhibitory mechanisms of EUrd on RNA synthesis, we have performed the kinetic analysis of EUTP on RNA polymerization using isolated nuclei. RNA synthesis was inhibited competitively by EUTP. The inhibition constant, K-i was much lower than the K-m value of UTP (K-i value of EUTP, 84 nM; K-m value of UTP, 13 μ M), indicating that the high affinity of EUTP could contribute to the specific inhibition of RNA synthesis. As a result of RNA synthesis inhibition, EUrd, but not ara-C, induced shrinkage of nucleoli, which are the main sites for RNA synthesis in FM3A cells. Thus, the strong affinity of E UTP to RNA polymerase and specific inhibition of RNA synthesis could contribute to its antitumor effect. EUrd is expected to be a new antitumor drug, possessing a strong inhibitory effect on the synthesis of RNA.

DOI： 10.1081/NCN-200055727

Sequence analysis of the 5 '-flanking regions of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene: Identification of a new polymorphism related with effects of 5-fluorouracil

T Hasegawa, HB Kim, M Fukushima, Y Wataya

NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 24 ( 4 ) 233 - 242 2005

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), known as a rate-limiting metabolic enzyme in the catabolism of 5 fluorouracil (5-FU), degrades more than about 80% of the administered 5-FU in human liver. Since it was reported that the anticancer effects of 5-FU were observed in cancer patients with lower DPD activities, many attempts have been conducted to anticipate the expected anticancer effects of 5-FU based on expression of intracanceral DPD. It have been reported that 39 different mutations and polymorphisms in the coding regions of DPD genes have been identified; however, there is no report on polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking region of DPD genes. We investigated polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking regions (3,058 bp), which are considered to control expression of DPD genes, in genomic DNA extracted from 37 kinds of human cancer cells. As the results, out of 37 cancer cells subjected to analysis, DLD-1 cells had C insertion and 7 strains G deletion, which were hetelozygote. No significant relationship was identified between the DPD activity and the expression levels of DPD mRNA in examined 70 kinds of human cancer cells. However, in DLD-1 cells, which have C-insertion polymorphism in 5'-flanking region of DPD gene, the DPD activity was below detection limit (<= 0.5 pmol/min/mg protein). Furthermore, 50% of cytosine residue on the CpG site generated by the C insertion was methylated at the 5 position. In this study, we have identified novel polymorphism possibly related the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in the 5'-flanking region of DPD gene. It is suggested that newly identified polymorphism of DPD gene might affect transcription of DPD, thereby providing influence on the clinical outcome of cancer patients treated with 5-FU.

DOI： 10.1081/NCN-200059676

Duffy antigen is important for the lethal effect of the lethal strain of Plasmodium yoelii 17XL. Reviewed International journal

Nobuyoshi Akimitsu, Hye-Sook Kim, Hiroshi Hamamoto, Koushirou Kamura, Nobuko Fukuma, Nagisa Arimitsu, Kanako Ono, Yusuke Wataya, Motomi Torii, Kazuhisa Sekimizu

Parasitology research 93 ( 6 ) 499 - 503 2004.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We studied the potential role of the Duffy antigen and glycophorin A as receptors for rodent malaria parasite invasion of erythrocytes. Parasitemia increased exponentially after infection with Plasmodium berghei NK65, P. chabaudi, and P. vinckei in Duffy antigen knockout, glycophorin A knockout, and wild-type mice, indicating that the Duffy antigen and glycophorin A are not essential for these malaria parasites. However, parasitemia of the Duffy antigen knockout mice infected with P. yoelii 17XL remained constant from day 5 to 14 after infection, and then decreased, resulting in autotherapy. The treatment of P. yoelii 17XL-infected Duffy antigen knockout mice with anti-CD4 antibody increased the parasitemia 15 days after infection and the mice eventually died, indicating that CD-4-positive cells play an important role in the clearance of P. yoelii 17XL at the late stage of the infection.

DOI： 10.1007/s00436-004-1165-x

Antimalarial Activity of Lavandulyl Flavanones Isolated from the Roots of Sophora flavescens

KIM Youn Chul, KIM Hye-Sook, WATAYA Yusuke, SOHN Dong Hwan, KANG Tai Hyun, KIM Myung Soo, KIM Yong Man, LEE Geon-Mok, CHANG Jong-Duk, PARK Hyun

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 27 ( 5 ) 748 - 750 2004.5

Language：English Publisher：The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

Four lavandulyl flavanones, (2S)-2′-methoxykurarinone (1), sophoraflavanone G (2), leachianone A (3), and (−)-kurarinone (4), which are isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens have been tested for in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Compounds 1—3 showed moderate antimalarial activities with EC50 values of 2.4×10−6, 2.6×10−6, and 2.1×10−6 M, respectively. These compounds did not show selective toxicity against P. falciparum in the toxicity test on mouse mammalian tumor cells, however, it is suggested that the position of methoxyl groups in flavanone skeleton plays an important role on antimalarial activity.

DOI： 10.1248/bpb.27.748

Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00237416056?from=CiNii

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