Faculty Profiles - MAEDA Morihiro

Papers - MAEDA Morihiro

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Effects of aged microplastics on paddy soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions under laboratory aerobic conditions Reviewed

Tian Zhang, Hiroaki Somura, Satoshi Akao, Nozomi Nakahara, Gamamada Liyanage Erandi Priyangika Perera, Chiyu Nakano, Morihiro Maeda

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 1 - 10 2024.12

Heat-Induced alterations in water repellency of tropical and temperate Soils: A laboratory experiment using Ultisols and Andosols Reviewed

H. T.M. Perera, D. A.L. Leelamanie, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda

Catena 243 2024.8

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Water repellency (WR) is commonly reported in soils covered with several plant species that are rich in waxes/resins, including Pinus caribaea (PIN) and Cryptomeria japonica (CED). Due to waxy and resinous litter, these forests are highly prone to wildfires. The heat produced during wildfires alters soil WR, and these alterations may vary between tropical and temperate soils and between soil separates (SS; soil particles ≤ 2 mm) and aggregates (AG; naturally available aggregates; d = 3–5 mm). This study aims to investigate the heat-induced changes in WR of SS and AG in tropical and temperate soils. The SS and AG obtained from four different depths (0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20 cm) in a PIN forest in Sri Lanka (tropical) (PINSS, PINAG) and a CED forest in Japan (temperate) (CEDSS, CEDAG) were heated to 7 heating temperatures (TH) (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 °C) with 2 exposure durations (DE) (1 h, 2 h). The WR were measured using the molarity of an ethanol droplet test and water drop penetration time test. The WR in PINSS and PINAG increased with increasing TH up to 100–150 °C and decreased to be non-repellent with further heating, while that of CEDSS and CEDAG progressively decreased to be non-repellent with heating. Both soil types were non-repellent at higher TH levels (≥250 °C), and 0–5 and 5–10 cm layers became non-repellent at 150–250 °C, while 10–15 and 15–20 cm layers became non-repellent at 50–150 °C. Compared to TH, DE did not significantly alter WR. The WR in two soils showed different responses to heat, especially at lower TH levels. In AG and SS, the degree of WR altered with heating similarly, while persistence (how long soil remains water-repellent) altered differently in both soil types. Research on organic matter composition and soil mineralogy may provide future insights into heat-induced alterations in WR of tested soils.

DOI： 10.1016/j.catena.2024.108230

Irrigation impact on water quality and aquifer vulnerability in Kala Oya basin, Sri Lanka Reviewed

B.C.L. Athapattu, S. Himanujahn, G.M.H.M. Muhandiram, Sandun Sandanayake, W.L.G.D. Perera, W.D.C. Bandara, E.A.N.V. Edirisinghe, Morihiro Maeda, Meththika Vithanage

Groundwater for Sustainable Development 25 2024.5

Heat-induced alterations in moisture-dependent repellency of water-repellent forest soils: A laboratory approach with Japanese Andosols Reviewed

H. T.M. Perera, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda, D. A.L. Leelamanie

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 72 ( 1 ) 25 - 33 2024.3

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Soil water repellency (SWR) is a phenomenon that prevents the spontaneous wetting of numerous forest soils. It is a moisture-dependent characteristic, which disappears when soil moisture reaches near saturation. The heat generated during forest fires affects soil characteristics including SWR. The possibility of heat influencing moisture-dependent repellency (MDR) is not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different heating temperatures (HT) and exposure durations (ED) on MDR using water-repellent Japanese Cedar (CED) and Japanese Cypress (CYP) forest soils. Soil samples collected from 0–5 cm depth were exposed to heat separately at 50, 100, and 150 °C (HT) for 1 h and 2 h durations (ED). The MDR of heated and non-heated soils was determined using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test in a drying process. During the drying process of the tested soils, SWR appeared and then increased with drying to reach an extreme level (WDPT ≥3600 s) that persisted for a range of decreasing moisture contents, and declined to be non-repellent again (WDPT = 0 s). The critical moisture content at which soils become water-repellent with drying (CMC), the highest and the lowest moisture contents when soils showed maximum SWR (HMCmax and LMCmax, respectively), and the integrated area below the MDR curve (SWR) decreased with increasing HT in both CED and CYP soils. The moisture content at which soils become non-repellent again during drying, MCNR, was independent of the type of soil and heat treatment. The range of moisture contents between HMCmax and LMCmax, where soils show maximum SWR during drying, decreased with increasing HT, from 50 to 150 °C in CED and from 100–150 °C in CYP. The SWR showed strong positive linear correlations with CMC and HMCmax. The heat generated during wildfires can alter the MDR and all the related repellency parameters of water-repellent forest soils. SWR prevails over a narrower range of moisture contents in heated soil compared with non-heated soils. Further investigations with higher temperature levels using different soil types would be important for a comprehensive understanding of the heat impacts on MDR.

DOI： 10.2478/johh-2023-0035

Phosphorus Release from Agricultural Drainage Sediments with Iron-Added Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells Reviewed

Perera GLEP, Maeda M, Akao S, Somura H, Nakano C, Nishina Y

Journal of Water and Environment Technology 2024.1

Emissions of CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> from Agricultural Soil with Kitchen Compost at Different Temperatures Reviewed

Tran Thi Minh Chau, Takashi Someya, Satoshi Akao, Masato Nakamura, Fumiko Oritate, Hiroaki Somura, Shinzo Yamane, Morihiro Maeda

Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2024

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Emissions of CO2 from the soil are mainly derived from soil microbial respiration, whereas CH4 emissions originate from anaerobic degradation of organic matter via microbial processes. Kitchen waste compost is used in the agricultural sector to improve soil quality. However, abiotic CO2 and CH4 emissions from soils amended with kitchen waste compost under aerobic conditions remain uncertain. Temperature plays an important role in organic matter decomposition in both biotic and abiotic pathways. This study aimed to evaluate biotic and abiotic emissions of CO2 and CH4 from soils receiving kitchen compost at different temperatures. Ten grams of soil amended with or without 0.1 g kitchen compost (1%) were sterilized or non-sterilized. The mixture and soil-only samples were incubated in 100-mL glass bottles at 20, 30, and 35 °C for 28 d under an aerobic condition. The results showed that CO2 and CH4 emissions increased at higher temperatures and compost application rates (p < 0.05). Emissions of CO2 mainly occurred via biotic pathways. Abiotic processes were potential pathways for CH4 generation, particularly at high temperatures of 35 °C. There was 20–24% of C in kitchen compost changed to CO2 and less than 0.1% to CH4. Our results suggest that global warming enhances abiotic CO2 and CH4 emissions and may contribute to further global warming.

DOI： 10.1007/s42729-024-01919-2

キトサン施用が土壌中の細菌群集と機能に与える影響 Reviewed

寺畠正悟, 赤尾聡史, 前田守弘

土木学会論文集 80 ( 25 ) 2024

Effects of Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells on CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions from Straw Amended Paddy Soil Reviewed

Adhena Tesfau Bekele, Morihiro Maeda, Satoshi Akao, Hiroaki Somura, Chiyu Nakano, Yuta Nishina

Journal of Water and Environment Technology 22 ( 6 ) 271 - 285 2024

Iron-Added Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells to Suppress Phosphorus Release from Sediment in an Agricultural Drainage Reviewed

Perera GLEP, Maeda M, Somura H, Nakano C, Nishina Y

Journal of Water and Environment Technology 21 ( 5 ) 237 - 248 2023.10

原材料と焼成温度の異なるバイオ炭の酸化処理が土壌からの一酸化二窒素放出に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

増倉勇樹, 前田守弘, 中野知佑, 宗村広昭, 山根信三, 仁科勇太

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 94 ( 4 ) 245 - 253 2023.8

Alterations in aggregate characteristics of thermally heated water-repellent soil aggregates under laboratory conditions Reviewed

H. T.M. Perera, D. A.L. Leelamanie, Morihiro Maeda, Yasushi Mori

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 71 ( 2 ) 177 - 187 2023.6

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The heat generated during wildfires modifies soil characteristics, including soil water repellency (SWR) and the water stability of aggregates, which are known to be interrelated. SWR lowers the rate of water entry into aggregates, minimizing aggregate disruption and subsequent erosion. This study aimed to examine these aggregate characteristics (SWR, water stability of aggregates) of thermally heated water-repellent soil aggregates under laboratory conditions. Water-repellent aggregates were collected from Eucalyptus grandis forest soil separately from four soil depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-20 cm) with varying initial repellency levels. Using an automated programmable muffle furnace, aggregates were separately exposed to three heating temperatures, TH (150, 200, 250 °C), three rates of heating (speed of rising temperature to reach relevant TH), RH (200, 400, 800 °C h-1), and three durations of exposure to relevant TH, ED (30, 60, 120 min). The molarity of an ethanol droplet test was used to measure the contact angle (contact angle>90°). The water drop penetration time (WDPT) was also measured. The SWR of aggregates declined with the increasing TH and ED. All aggregates were wettable once exposed to 250 °C. At the lowest TH and ED (150 °C, 30 min), the contact angle was <90° only in the least repellent aggregates collected from 10-15 and 15-20 cm depths. Although RH indicated the least influence on the measured parameters, the slowest RH (200 °C h-1) caused a comparatively greater decline in SWR. Water stability of aggregates increased with heating irrespective of decreasing SWR. Further investigations on heat-induced changes in organic compounds at molecular levels would be necessary to understand the theories for the behavior of aggregates.

DOI： 10.2478/johh-2023-0009

Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soil amended with kitchen compost of varying ages Reviewed

Tran T.M.C, Someya T, Akao S, Nakamura M, Oritate F, Somura H, Yamane S, Maeda M

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 69 ( 2 ) 137 - 147 2023.1

Development of international collaboration and our challenges to regional issues in soil science and plant nutrition research： 1. Introduction

Maeda Morihiro, Nakamura Masato

Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 93 ( 6 ) 403 - 404 2022.12

Artificial macropores and water management effects on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from rice paddy fields Reviewed

Thanh Long Bui, Yasushi Mori, Morihiro Maeda, Hiroaki Somura

Environmental Challenges 9 100657 - 100657 2022.12

Effects of local land-use policies and anthropogenic activities on water quality in the upstream Sesan River Basin, Vietnam Reviewed

Vo Ngoc Quynh Tram, Hiroaki Somura, Toshitsugu Moroizumi, Morihiro Maeda

Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 44 101225 - 101225 2022.12

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from two soils amended with different manure composts in aerobic incubation tests

Thanuja Deepani Panangala Liyanage, Morihiro Maeda, Hiroaki Somura, Nguyen Thi Thu Thuong, Makito Mori, Taku Fujiwara

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 68 ( 4 ) 491 - 504 2022.7

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from two types of soil amended with manure compost at different ammonium nitrogen rates

Thanuja Deepani Panangala Liyanage, Morihiro Maeda, Hiroaki Somura, Makito Mori, Taku Fujiwara

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 68 ( 4 ) 1 - 18 2022.6

Macropore structure and water management affect greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural fields Reviewed

Bui T.L., Mori Y., Yamamoto Y., Maeda M.

Paddy and Water Environment 19 ( 4 ) 661 - 672 2021.7

Potential sources of ammonium-nitrogen in the coastal groundwater determined from a combined analysis of nitrogen isotope, biological and geological parameters, and land use Reviewed

Anna Fadliah Rusydi, Shin Ichi Onodera, Mitsuyo Saito, Fujio Hyodo, Morihiro Maeda, Khori Sugianti, Sunarya Wibawa

Water (Switzerland) 13 ( 1 ) 2021.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The origin of ammonium-nitrogen in Indonesian coastal groundwater has not been intensively examined, meanwhile the elevated concentration remains a concern. This research aims at tracing the potential sources of ammonium-nitrogen in the groundwater of Indramayu, Indonesia where groundwater is vital for livelihood. From results, a combined examination of nitrogen isotope, coliform bacteria, land-use, and geology confirmed the natural and anthropogenic origins of ammonium-nitrogen in the groundwater. In the brackish-water aquaculture region, groundwater has δ N values from +1.8 to +4.8‰ signifying that ammonium-nitrogen is derived from mineralization of organic nitrogen to ammonium. Furthermore, ammonium has a significantly positive relationship with sodium indicating the exchangeable ammonium is mobilized to groundwater via cation exchange. Meanwhile ammonium-nitrogen from anthropogenic waste was detected in agricultural and residential region. The groundwater has more varied δ N values, from −2.9 to +16.1‰, which implies attenuation of ammonium-nitrogen from several sources namely manure, mineral fertilizer, sewage, and pit latrines. Also, the presence of E. coli confirms the indication of human and animal waste contamination. However, since ammonium has no relationship with sodium, cation exchange is not feasible and ammonium-nitrogen flows into the groundwater from anthropogenic sources along with liquid wastes. 15 15 NH4 NH4

DOI： 10.3390/w13010025

Simultaneous recovery of phosphorus and potassium from biomass as magnesium salt Reviewed

H. Nagare, T. Iwata, A. Ebi, S. Akao, M. Maeda, D. Yasutake, T.Fujiwara

土木学会論文集G（環境） 76 ( 7 ) 181 - 187 2020.12

少量多頻度灌水施肥が促成ナスの根と養分の畝内分布の推移に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

速水悠,前田守弘

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 91 ( 1 ) 25 - 32 2020.2

Factors affecting 137Cs concentration in wild plants and soils of different land use in Iitate village after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident Reviewed

Wakai, N, Yamashita, J, Enomoto, T, Hanafusa, T, Ono, T, Maeda.M

Radiation Safety Management 18 1 - 8 2019

RADIOCESIUM CONCENTRATION IN STEMS, LEAVES, AND PANICLES OF RICE GROWN IN A SANDY SOIL REPLACEMENT PADDY FIELD TREATED WITH DIFFERENT RATES OF CATTLE MANURE COMPOST IN KAWAMATA, FUKUSHIMA Reviewed

Nittaya WAKAI, Morihiro MAEDA, Toshiro ONO, Tadashi HANAFUSA, Jun YAMASHITA, Kuniyuki SAITOH

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society 9 1 - 10 2019

塩類集積土壌における残存硝酸態窒素と土壌水分がナス台木の初期生育に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 89 ( 3 ) 204 - 212 2018.6

Phosphorus and potassium availability from cattle manure ash in relation to their extractability and grass tetany hazard Reviewed

Quoc Thinh Tran, Morihiro Maeda, Kazuyuki Oshita, Masaki Takaoka, Kuniyuki Saito

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 64 ( 3 ) 415 - 422 2018.5

Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Vietnamese Soil Amended with Different Compost Types at High Temperature Reviewed

Van Ngoc Tuong Hoang, Morihiro Maeda

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49 ( 7 ) 848 - 861 2018.4

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Taylor and Francis Inc.

This study aims to determine the effects of compost additions and high temperature on N2O and CO2 emissions from a Vietnamese agricultural soil. Soil samples amended with two compost types (commercial compost, SH and chicken compost, CC) at three rates of 1%, 2% and 4% w/w were aerobically incubated at 25°C, 30°C and 35°C for 28 days in the laboratory. N2O and CO2 emissions were determined on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Our results showed that N2O and CO2 emissions were significantly affected by temperature, compost additions, and their interactions. Greater N2O and CO2 emissions were seen in CC treatments than SH treatments. Higher application rates of CC led to greater N2O and CO2 emissions. In SH treatments, higher temperature lowered N2O emissions but did not affect CO2 emissions. N2O and CO2 emissions were enhanced with CC addition while they showed different responses to increasing temperature.

DOI： 10.1080/00103624.2018.1435796

カスケード利用とユーザー視点導入による下水処理場の価値向上～消化汚泥の肥料利用を例として～ Invited

藤原拓, 井上大介, 前田守弘, 山根信三, 野村洋平, Jia Sijing, Kai Cao

41 ( 5 ) 50 - 54 2018.4

Effects of cultivation period on catch crop chemical composition and potential for bioenergy production Reviewed

S. Akao, D. Yasutake, K. Kondo, H. Nagare, M. Maeda, T. Fujiwara

Industrial Crops and Products 111 787 - 793 2018.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Elsevier B.V.

The first step in biofuel and/or bio-based bulk chemical material production is assessing the amounts of useful substances in a potential biomass. Sugar, nutrients, ash, and functional ingredients (such as antioxidant compounds) in premature dent corn biomass cultivated as a catch crop (plant density
60 shoots m−2) over different cultivation periods (29 days, 49 days, 83 days) were investigated. The sugar recovery amount was estimated by multiplying two regression curves (saccharification efficiency curve, quadratic regression curve
dry weight growth curve, Gompertz curve). A simple economic analysis for ethanol production from the catch crop biomass was also carried out using previously reported process costs and the estimated sugar recovery amount. High plant density led to accumulation of plant biomass providing high amounts of plant dry weight and derived sugars per unit area. About 2700 g DW m−2 (about 1400 g sugar m−2) was harvested in the 49-day cultivation. The amount is significant compared with biomass yields of other candidates for energy crops. The estimated sugar recovery amount reached its maximum value near the end of experimental period (79-day cultivation). The longer cultivation period was better for sugar recovery although there was a slight decrease in saccharification efficiency with cultivation time. Based on the economic analysis, a higher ethanol price (about 200% higher than the current wholesale price) would be required for catch crop financial independence with around 50-day cultivation. Production of ethanol from catch crop biomass would not be feasible in the current situation. However, condensed biomass production through catch crops is still attractive and requires further research.

DOI： 10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.11.039

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from agricultural soil amended with different types of biochar at three temperatures Reviewed

Hoang V.N.T, Maeda M

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society 8 22 - 31 2018

Phosphorus and potassium availability from cattle manure ash in relation to their extractability and grass tetany hazard Reviewed

Tran, Q.T, Maeda, M, Oshita, K, Takaoka, M, Saito, K

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 63 ( 4 ) 369 - 376 2018

Interactive effects of ammonium application rates and temperature on nitrous oxide emission from tropical agricultural soil Reviewed

Hoang, V.N.T, Maeda, M

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 64 ( 6 ) 767 - 773 2018

Effects of a washing process of cattle manure ash onshoot and root growth of komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) at theseedling stage Reviewed

Tran,Q.T., Maeda, M., Oshita, K., Takaoka, M., Fujiwara,T

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society 8 15 - 21 2018

Eggplant roots and nutrient distribution in the ridge in two greenhouses with solar-mediated or timer controlled-fertigation Reviewed

88 ( 5 ) 435 - 440 2017

Phosphorus release from cattle manure ash as soil amendment in laboratory-scale tests Reviewed

Quoc Thinh Tran, Morihiro Maeda, Kazuyuki Oshita, Masaki Takaoka

SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 63 ( 4 ) 369 - 376 2017

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Excessive application of animal manure to farmland leads to phosphorus (P) loss into the surrounding water. Manure is incinerated to convert it to P-rich ash as a slow-release P fertilizer. However, the potential P loss and P availability for plants from cattle manure ash (CMA) have not been fully understood. The aims of this study were to determine the P release mechanism from CMA and to propose appropriate application rates that mitigate P loss and increase available P to soil in Fukushima, where the soil is deficient in nutrients after the replacement of cesium-137-contaminated soil with sandy mountain soil. Different P fractions in CMA were sequentially extracted with H2O, 0.5M NaHCO3, 0.1M NaOH, and 1M HCl. Phosphorus contents in different fractions of CMA were in the order of HCl-P>NaHCO3-P>H2O-P>NaOH-P. Water-soluble P release of CMA was also determined by kinetic experiments for 120h. Results showed that total water-soluble P accounted for a maximum of 2.9% of total P in CMA over 120h due to recalcitrant P compounds formed through incineration. The Fukushima sandy soil amended with CMA at three application rates, 94, 157, and 314mgPkg(-1) (corresponding to 300, 500, 1000kgP(2)O(5)ha(-1)) was incubated for 56days. Cattle manure compost and KH2PO4 were applied at 157mgPkg(-1) for comparison. Phosphorus release in water and CaCl2 solution from ash-amended soil was significantly lower than those from compost and KH2PO4-amended soil at the same P application rate of 157mgPkg(-1) (p<0.05). Available P in ash-amended soil, determined by Fe-oxide impregnated strips, was not significantly different from those in compost-amended soil after day 7 and KH2PO4-amended soil on day 56 at the same P application rate. Thus, CMA reduces P losses from soil to the surrounding water while it increases P availability for plants. In comparison of different rates of CMA, P release in water or CaCl2 was significantly greater at 314mgPkg(-1) than at 94 or 157mgPkg(-1), while the percentage of available P to total P was the lowest at the highest application rate (p<0.05), suggesting that the best application rates were 94 and 157mgPkg(-1) in this experiment.

DOI： 10.1080/00380768.2017.1355217

Phosphorus sorption kinetics and sorption capacity in agricultural drainage ditch sediments in reclaimed land, Kasaoka Bay, Japan Reviewed

H. V. Nguyen, M. Maeda

WATER QUALITY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF CANADA 51 ( 4 ) 388 - 398 2016.11

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：IWA PUBLISHING

Equilibrium analysis is essential to evaluate sorption capacity and to determine whether sediment acts as a source or sink of phosphorus ( P). This study was carried out to determine whether or not the sediment in drainage ditches acts as a source or sink of P, evaluate phosphorus sorption kinetics, and determine the potential P sorption by using the Langmuir isotherm sorption model. Surface sediment ( 0-10 cm) and the overlying water were collected from three drainage ditches for the experiments. Results showed that the drainage ditch that was the most contaminated with P had the highest sediment zero-equilibrium phosphorus concentration ( EPC0). Because sediment EPC0 of the three ditches was higher than water P concentration, they acted as a sink of P across the sediment interface. The kinetic sorption of sediments consisted of two stages that were quick and slow, regardless of the sampling sites. The amounts of P sorbed to sediments at equilibrium ( Q(e)) ranged from 50.8 to 77.5 mg kg(-1). Phosphorus sorption capacity ( Q(max)) of sediments ranged from 447.0-493.8 mg kg(-1) with the constant related to binding energy ( K) ( 0.140-0.171 L mg(-1)). The results from this study indicate the importance of ditch sediment in controlling P dynamics in discharge from agricultural farms.

DOI： 10.2166/wqrjc.2016.019

Removal of phosphorus from water by using volcanic ash soil (VAS): batch and column experiments Reviewed

Huy Van Nguyen, Morihiro Maeda

WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 74 ( 6 ) 1326 - 1334 2016.9

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：IWA PUBLISHING

Using low-cost and naturally available materials is considered an optimal adsorbent for removing phosphorus (P) from water due to its simplicity and economic efficiency. This study examined the removal of P from water using volcanic ash soil (VAS) by batch and column experiments. The maximum adsorption capacity of P was 2.94 mg g(-1), estimated from the batch experiment according to a Langmuir isotherm. The column study showed a higher adsorption capacity of 5.57 mg g(-1). The breakthrough curve showed that influent water containing 2 mg L-1 P was completely purified by VAS within 1,230 pore volumes (PV). The breakthrough and saturation points of the curves were 3,100 PV and 14,875 PV, respectively. After an adsorption column was loaded with 20,508 PV, a regeneration procedure was developed to determine whether an ion exchange of P with chloride occurred or adsorbed P in the columns could be eluted. Approximately 20% of P was recovered from columns by desorption tests, regardless of NaCl solution or deionized water. Specific surface area and mineral concentrations are both important characteristics that improve the adsorption capacity of VAS. The present study suggests that VAS is a promising adsorbent to remove P in water.

DOI： 10.2166/wst.2016.297

Non-sterile simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of corn leaves and stalks to l-lactic acid without external nutrient addition Reviewed

Satoshi Akao, Hideaki Nagare, Morihiro Maeda, Keisuke Kondo, Taku Fujiwara

JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 18 ( 2 ) 208 - 214 2016.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER

Fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass requires auxiliary materials, including nutrients, to ensure the proliferation of microorganisms. Nutrients are usually inexpensive, but their contribution to the cost is considerable because of the very low prices of fermentation products, such as bio-ethanol. Using substances present in native lignocellulosic biomass as nutrients for fermentation was proposed and demonstrated. Leaves and stalks of corn plants were used as biomass, and nutrients were recovered as a nutrient solution by soaking them in water before alkaline peroxide pretreatment. Pretreated biomass and the nutrient solution derived from the same lot were used for non-sterile simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and thermophilic l-lactic acid fermentation (SSF). Using the nutrient solution in the saccharification step did not impact sugar recovery, and instead improved sugar yields because of the presence of eluted sugars in the solution. The l-lactic acid yield of 0.33 g g(-1) based on native biomass weight indicated that the nutrient solution functioned as a source of nutrients and sugars, especially as a source of essential phosphorus. Comparatively, autoclaved SSF yielded less or no l-lactic acid, indicating an apparent inhibitive effect derived from the nutrient solution on bacterial growth.

DOI： 10.1007/s10163-015-0390-y

Nitrous oxide emissions during biological soil disinfestation with different organic matter and plastic mulch films in laboratory-scale tests Reviewed

Morihiro Maeda, Eisuke Kayano, Taku Fujiwara, Hideaki Nagare, Satoshi Akao

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 37 ( 4 ) 432 - 438 2016.2

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a greenhouse gas, may be more emitted as an intermediate product of denitrification during biological soil disinfestation. The biological soil disinfestation is a method to suppress soil-borne pathogens under reductive soil conditions produced by the application of organic matter and water irrigation with plastic film. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of different organic matter and mulch films on N2O emissions during biological soil disinfestation. Grey lowland soil amended with cattle compost plus rice bran (0.2%), rice husk (0.2%) or dent corn (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%) was incubated at 100% water-holding capacity with or without plastic films made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and triple-layer polyolefin (3PO) for 72h at 50 degrees C. Permeation of the two films was also measured at 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C. Results showed that incorporation of organic matter increased N2O emissions compared with no organic matter addition at 50 degrees C. Incorporation of rice bran and dent corn with easily decomposable C and low C:N ratios increased N2O emissions for the first 12h, but thereafter, available C supply from these amendments suppressed N2O emissions. Permeability of mulch films increased at a higher temperature and was larger for PVC than for 3PO. Our study indicated that rice husk should not be used for soil disinfestation and that application rates of organic matter must be determined based on their decomposability. Moreover, mulch film covering would not suppress N2O emission in biological soil disinfestation because of high temperature.

DOI： 10.1080/09593330.2015.1092494

Phosphorus Flux across the Sediment-Water Interface in a Drainage Ditch Receiving Water from Livestock Farms in Kasaoka, Japan Reviewed

Huy Van NGUYEN, Teppei YODEN, Morihiro MAEDA

Journal of Water Environment and Technology 14 ( 3 ) 191 - 199 2016

大型水生植物からのリン回収 Reviewed

永禮英明, 渡辺諒, 藤原拓, 赤尾聡史, 前田守弘

土木学会論文集G（環境） 72 ( 8 ) Ⅲ-249-Ⅲ-254 - ?-254 2016

Nitrous oxide emission from sediment of a tropical mangrove forest in Central Vietnam–implications of short-term laboratory experiments Reviewed

Ha, T.K.T, M. Maeda, T.N.A. Ha

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society 7 1 - 8 2016

Effects of pH and oxygen on phosphorus release from agricultural drainage ditch sediment in reclaimed land, Kasaoka Bay, Japan Reviewed

Huy Van Nguyen, Morihiro Maeda

Journal of Water Environment and Technology 14 ( 4 ) 228 - 235 2016

Nitrate Movement, Transformation, and Accumulation Following Diverse Nitrogenous Fertilizer Regimes in Arable Soils Reviewed

Bandunee Champika Liyanage, Masafumi Tateda, Morihiro Maeda, Michihiko Ike, Masanori Fijita

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research Inernational 8 ( 4 ) 1 - 17 2016

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from paddy soil treated with rice husk products at different moisture contents in a short-term experiment Reviewed

Ha, T.K.T, M. Maeda, T. Fujiwara, H. Nagare, S. Akao, T.Q. Tran

Journal of Environmental Science for Sustainable Society 7 9 - 15 2016

Effects of soil type and nitrate concentration on denitrification products (N2O and N-2) under flooded conditions in laboratory microcosms Reviewed

Thi Kim Thanh Ha, Morihiro Maeda, Taku Fujiwara, Hideaki Nagare, Satoshi Akao

SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 61 ( 6 ) 999 - 1004 2015.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Denitrification products nitrous oxide ((N2O) and nitrogen (N-2)) were measured in three flooded soils (paddy soil from Vietnam, PV; mangrove soil from Vietnam, MV; paddy soil from Japan, PJ) with different nitrate (NO3-) concentrations. Closed incubation experiments were conducted in 100-mL bottles for 7d at 25 degrees C. Each bottle contained 2g of air-dried soil and 25mL solution with NO3- (concentration 0, 5 or 10mgNL(-1)) with or without acetylene (C2H2). The N2O + N-2 emissions were estimated by the C2H2 inhibition method. Results showed that N2O + N-2 emissions for 7d were positively correlated with those of NO3- removal from solution with C2H2 (R-2=0.9872), indicating that most removed NO3- was transformed to N2O and N-2 by denitrification. In PJ soil, N2O and N-2 emissions were increased significantly (P<0.05) by the addition of greater NO3- concentrations. However, N2O and N-2 emissions from PV and MV soils were increased by the addition of 0 to 5mgNL(-1), but not by 5 to 10mgNL(-1). At 10mgNL(-1), N-2 emissions for 7d were greater in PJ soil (pH 7.0) than in PV (pH 5.8) or MV (pH 4.3) soils, while N2O emissions were higher in PV and MV soils than in PJ soil. In MV soil, N2O was the main product throughout the experiment. In conclusion, NO3- concentration and soil pH affected N2O and N-2 emissions from three flooded soils.

DOI： 10.1080/00380768.2015.1094747

Combined use of sugars and nutrients derived from young maize plants for thermophilic L-lactic acid fermentation Reviewed

S. Akao, H. Nagare, M. Maeda, K. Kondo, T. Fujiwara

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 69 440 - 446 2015.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass requires auxiliary materials such as nutrients for fermentation. Because of the low prices of fermentation products such as bioethanol, the costs of nutrients are not negligible. We have developed the concept of using substances natively present in lignocellulosic biomass as nutrients for the downstream fermentation. The leaves and stalks of young dent corn plants were used as biomass and the nutrients were recovered by soaking them in water before alkaline pretreatment, followed by enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. Performing thermophilic L-lactic acid fermentation using these recovered nutrients support their use as commercially feasible alternatives. A level of recovered nutrients of 40% was sufficient to support the fermentation of recovered sugars derived from the same corn biomass. However, the amount of recovered nutrients required for fermentation was almost double that when using yeast extract based on the amounts of nitrogen and/or phosphorus added. The nitrogen and phosphorus balances in the process indicated that adding nutrients was crucial for promoting fermentation based on the amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. The nutrients proposed were considered to be effective for fermenting biomass pretreated by alkaline, dilute add, and hydrothermal methods. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.02.055

Nutrient Mass Balances in Intensive Shrimp Ponds with a Sludge Removal Regime: A Case Study in the Tam Giang Lagoon, Central Vietnam Reviewed

Nguyen, H.V, Morihiro M

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A and B 5 539 - 548 2015

Characteristics of Nutrient Salt Uptake Associated with Water Use of Corn as a Catch Crop at Different Plant Densities in a Greenhouse

D. Yasutake, C. Kiyokawa, K. Kondo, R. Nomiyama, M. Kitano, M. Mori, S. Yamane, M. Maeda, H. Nagare, T. Fujiwara

PEDOSPHERE 24 ( 3 ) 339 - 348 2014.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SCIENCE PRESS

Dent corn, as a catch crop used for salt removal, was cultivated at different densities, i.e., 7.3 (low density), 59.7 (normal density), and 119.5 plants m(-2) (high density), during a 50 d fallow period after cultivation of a commercial crop in a greenhouse, to analyze the characteristics of nutrient salt (N, K, Mg, and Ca) uptake by roots and to study the effect of plant density on the characteristics associated with crop water use. Leaf area index for the high and normal density treatments reached extremely high values of 24.3 and 14.9, respectively. These values induced higher transpiration rates that were estimated using the Penman-Monteith model with the incorporation of specific parameters for crop and greenhouse conditions. The total N, K, Mg, and Ca contents in the crop canopy at harvest were 26.8, 13.0, 1.0, and 1.7 g m(-2), respectively, under the high density treatment. The dynamics of salt uptake rates for high, normal, and low density treatments were evaluated by assessing weekly changes in salt content, and were subsequently compared against the transpiration rate. A positive linear relationship was obtained between these 2 parameters for: all 3 density treatments and all tested salts. Hence, higher transpiration rates caused higher salt uptake rates through water absorption. On the other hand, salt uptake efficiency per unit water use by cultivation was lower in the low density treatment. Therefore, management procedures with dense planting that induce higher transpiration rates and lower evaporation rate are extremely important for the effective cultivation of corn catch crops.

ベトナム中部沿岸地域における安全野菜栽培と慣行栽培の比較－肥培管理と土壌・地下水への影響－ Reviewed

前田守弘, 茅野瑛介, 西村悠史, グエンバンヒュイ, 若井ニッタヤー, 蜂谷拓郎

地域地理研究 20(1) 22 - 31 2014

肥作物鋤き込みによる土壌還元消毒時の一酸化二窒素発生と被覆資材の違いが与える影響

石岡厳, 前田守弘, 渡邊修一, 竹原利明

日本土壌肥料学雑誌，85(4) 341 - 348 2014

Cascade utilization of water chestnut: recovery of phenolics, phosphorus, and sugars

Satoshi Akao, Koutaro Maeda, Yoshihiko Hosoi, Hideaki Nagare, Morihiro Maeda, Taku Fujiwara

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 20 ( 8 ) 5373 - 5378 2013.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER HEIDELBERG

Overgrowth of aquatic plants, such as water chestnut, has been reported as a regional problem in various areas. We proposed cascade utilization of water chestnut through the recovery of phenolics, phosphorus, and sugars. Phenolics were extracted using 50 g (wet weight) of biomass with 300 mL of acetone, methanol, or hot water, and the yields of total phenolics were 80.2, 56.2, and 49.7 mg g(-1) dry weight of native biomass, respectively. The rate of eluted phosphorus in the phenolic extraction step was 8.6, 14.8, and 45.3 % of that in the native biomass, respectively, indicating that the use of polar organic solvents suppressed phosphorus elution at the phenolic extraction step. Extraction of phosphorus following the phenolic extraction was combined with alkaline pretreatment (1 % NaOH solution) of biomass for saccharification; 64.1 and 51.0 % of phosphorus in the native biomass were extracted using acetone and methanol for the phenolic extraction, respectively. Saccharification following the alkaline pretreatment showed that the glucose recovery rates were significantly increased (p < 0.05) with the phenolic extraction step compared to alkaline pretreatment alone. This finding indicates that extraction of phenolics not only provides another useful material but also facilitates enzymatic saccharification.

DOI： 10.1007/s11356-013-1547-7

Groundwater-induced emissions of nitrous oxide through the soil surface and from subsurface drainage in an Andosol upland field: A monolith lysimeter study

Kazunori Minamikawa, Sadao Eguchi, Seiichi Nishimura, Hirotaka Ihara, Morihiro Maeda, Kazuyuki Yagi, Michio Komada

SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 59 ( 1 ) 87 - 95 2013.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Nitrous oxide (N2O) produced in shallow groundwater has two emission pathways to the atmosphere: dissolution in subsurface drainage and groundwater and later degassing from water surfaces open to the atmosphere, and upward gas diffusion. N2O undergoing upward diffusion through the soil surface cannot usually be distinguished from N2O produced in the topsoil. To evaluate the emission pathway and rate of groundwater-induced N2O, we conducted a one-year experiment using monolith lysimeters containing 1m-long undisturbed Andosol. We measured emission of N2O via the soil surface and dissolved N2O emitted via subsurface drainage from the non-planted lysimeters under two conditions without fertilizer-nitrogen (N) addition: (1) with the groundwater table at 0.9 m depth (GW), and (2) without any groundwater table (nonGW). Total soil surface N2O emissions in the GW and nonGW treatments were 21.0 +/- 6.3 and 17.0 +/- 1.1mgNm2yr1, respectively (mean +/- standard error, n=3), and the difference between the two treatments was not significant. Total dissolved N2O emissions via drainage in the GW and nonGW treatments were 11.40 +/- 5.68 and 0.42 +/- 0.03mgNm2yr1, respectively. The presence of groundwater significantly increased dissolved N2O emission under zero fertilizer-N addition. This is due to the one to three orders of magnitude higher concentration of dissolved N2O in the GW treatment. Our results indicate that the presence of groundwater increases total N2O emissions from an Andosol upland field via these two pathways.

DOI： 10.1080/00380768.2012.740606

Seasonal changes in the performance of a catch crop for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution Reviewed

K. Kondo, K. Inoue, T. Fujiwara, S. Yamane, D. Yasutake, M. Maeda, H. Nagare, S. Akao, K. Ohtoshi

Water Science and Technology 68 ( 4 ) 776 - 782 2013

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

An in situ technology for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution using catch crops was developed for simultaneously preventing nitrate groundwater pollution, reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) gas emissions, and removing salts from the topsoil. Seasonal changes in the performance of a catch crop were investigated using lysimeters in a full-scale greenhouse experiment with 50 d cultivation of dent corn. Catch crop cultivation significantly reduced the leached mineral nitrogen by 89-91% in summer, 87-89% in spring, and 61-82% in winter, and it also significantly reduced the N2O emission by 68-84% in summer. The amounts of nitrogen uptake by the catch crop were remarkably higher than those of leached nitrogen and N2O emission in each season. Catch crop cultivation is a promising technology for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution. © IWA Publishing 2013.

DOI： 10.2166/wst.2013.258

Effect of pH on phosphate adsorption onto semi-intensive shrimp pond sediment Reviewed

Nguyen V. H, M. Maeda

Vietnam Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 71 - 76 2012

Comparison of simultaneous and separate processes: saccharification and thermophilic L-lactate fermentation of catch crop and aquatic plant biomass

Satoshi Akao, Koutaro Maeda, Shingo Nakatani, Yoshihiko Hosoi, Hideaki Nagare, Morihiro Maeda, Taku Fujiwara

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 33 ( 13 ) 1523 - 1529 2012

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Catch crop candidates (corn, guinea grass) for recovering nutrients from farm soil and aquatic plants (water caltrop, water hyacinth) were utilized to produce L-lactic acid. The efficiencies of pre-treatment methods for enzymatic saccharification and L-lactate production of two fermentation processes, thermophilic simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), as well as separate saccharification and fermentation, were compared. Conditions were set at 55 degrees C and pH 5.5 for non-sterile fermentation. Alkaline/peroxide pre-treatment proved the most effective for saccharification in pre-treated corn, guinea grass, water caltrop and water hyacinth with glucose yields of 0.23, 0.20, 0.11 and 0.14 g/g-dry native biomass (24-hour incubation period), respectively. Examination of the two types of thermophilic L-lactate fermentation employed following alkaline/peroxide pre-treatment and saccharification demonstrated that the L-lactate yield obtained using SSF (0.15 g/g in the case of corn) was lower than that obtained using separate saccharification and fermentation (0.28 g/g in the case of corn). The lower yield obtained from SSF is likely to have resulted from the saccharification conditions used in the present study, as the possibility of cellulase deactivation during SSF by thermophilic L-lactate producing bacteria existed. A cellulase that retains high activity levels under non-sterile conditions and a L-lactate producer without cellulose hydrolysis activity would be required in order for SSF to serve as an effective method of L-lactate production.

DOI： 10.1080/09593330.2012.669412

クリーニングクロップ導入によるナス施設栽培休閑期における栄養塩溶脱負荷の削減

前田守弘, 仲宗根安弘, 岡本啓史, 浅野裕一, 藤原拓, 永禮英明, 赤尾聡史

土木学会論文集G（環境） 7 Ⅲ_103-Ⅲ_111 - ?_111 2012

Nutrient recovery from biomass cultivated as catch crop for removing accumulated fertilizer in farm soil Reviewed

H. Nagare, T. Fujiwara, T. Inoue, S. Akao, K. Inoue, M. Maeda, S. Yamane, M. Takaoka, K. Oshita, X. Sun

WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 66 ( 5 ) 1110 - 1116 2012

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：IWA PUBLISHING

As a result of long-term continuous use of fertilizers in farm land, a large amount of nutrients accumulate in the soil, increasing the risk of eutrophication or nitrate pollution of groundwater. For rehabilitating the farm soil and recovering nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, a new system has been developed by our research group. This paper discusses the methodology of extracting nutrients from biomass in order to recover phosphorus and other nutrients in crystal form. Around 80% or higher extraction rates were achieved for phosphorus and potassium by soaking the powdered tissue in distilled water or 1% NaOH solution for 24 h. The extracted phosphorus and potassium act as a potential resource for recycled fertilizer or other industrial materials.

DOI： 10.2166/wst.2012.291

ベトナム中部フエ県の農業と水利 Reviewed

石黒宗秀, トランティツハ・ファムビエットズン, 前田守弘

農業農村工学会誌 79 ( 5 ) 359 - 362 2011

回収・再資源化を目的としたバイオマスからの元素抽出 Reviewed

永禮英明, 藤原拓, 赤尾聡史, 前田守弘, 山根信三

土木学会論文集G（環境) 48 461 - 466 2011

ソフトバイオマスを原料とした酵素糖化における各種前処理の糖化効率比較 Reviewed

前田光太郎, 赤尾聡史, 細井由彦, 永禮英明, 前田守弘, 藤原拓

土木学会論文集G（環境) 48 433 - 440 2011

笠岡湾干拓地における水質汚濁の現状と安定同位体自然存在比を用いた汚濁機構解析 Reviewed

前田守弘, 浅野裕一, 兵藤不二夫, 中島泰弘, 藤原拓, 永禮英明, 赤尾聡史

土木学会論文集G（環境) 48 213 - 221 2011

Analyzing evapotranspiration components and crop coefficients for catch crop field with small area at different plant densities in a greenhouse Reviewed

Daisuke Yasutake, Chiyo Kimura, Keisuke Kondo, Kenta Inoue, Makito Mori, Shinzo Yamane, Morihiro Maeda, Hideaki Nagare, Taku Fujiwara

Environmental Control in Biology 49 ( 4 ) 217 - 225 2011

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We cultivated dent corn as a catch crop for controlling soil salt conditions in field plots at different densities, namely, 7.3 (low), 59.7 (normal) and 119.5 (high) plants m -2 in a greenhouse, where environmental elements and plant growth were measured for analyses of evapotranspiration components relating to the catch crop effects. Using the Penman-Monteith model with specific parameters incorporated for the crop and greenhouse, leaf transpiration and soil evaporation were estimated. Further crop coefficients were analyzed by dividing actual evapotranspiration by a reference evapotranspiration determined from meteorological data. Leaf area index for the normal and high density treatments reached 14 and 22, respectively, which were extremely high values compared to those for various other crops. Transpiration and its ratio to evapotranspiration increased with plant growth and density. Crop coefficients also increased with leaf area index and transpiration, and the coefficients for the normal and high density treatments reached high values of 1.5-2 and 2-3, respectively. These findings reveal characteristic features of plant growth and water dynamics in a catch crop field. The results of this study will contribute to the optimization of catch crop cultivation and to elucidate the crop's effects on soil salt conditions in greenhouses.

DOI： 10.2525/ecb.49.217

重窒素標識牛ふん堆肥を施用した黒ボク土モノリスライシメータにおける２年半の窒素動態 Reviewed

井原啓貴, 前田守弘, 高橋茂, 駒田充生, 太田健

日本土壌肥料学雑誌 80 ( 5 ) 489 - 498 2010

クリーニングクロップ栽培と湛水の組み合わせによるハウス土壌集積塩類の除去特性 Reviewed

永禮英明, 井上司, 藤原拓, 赤尾聡史, 前田守弘, 山根信三

環境工学研究論文集 ( 47 ) 459 - 464 2010

トウモロコシからのリン抽出方法の検討 Reviewed

井上賢大, 藤原拓, 近藤圭介, 大年邦雄, 山根信三, 前田守弘, 永禮英明, 赤尾聡史

環境工学研究論文集 ( 47 ) 273 - 279 2010

トウモロコシからのリン抽出方法の検討

永禮英明, 井上司, 藤原拓, 赤尾聡史, 前田守弘, 山根信三

環境工学論文集 47 459 - 464 2010

クリーニングクロップ栽培と湛水の組み合わせによるハウス土壌集積塩類の除去特性

井上賢大, 近藤圭介, 藤原拓, 前田守弘, 高岡昌輝, 大年邦雄, 山根信三, 永禮英明, 赤尾聡史

環境工学論文集 47 273 - 280 2010

重窒素標識牛ふん堆肥を施用した砂丘未熟土畑モノリスライシメータにおける２年半の窒素動態 Reviewed

井原啓貴, 前田守弘, 高橋茂, 駒田充生, 太田健

日本土壌肥料学雑誌，80(5) 80 ( 5 ) 494 - 501 2009

メタン発酵消化液の施用が畑地土壌からの温室効果ガス発生と窒素溶脱に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

中村真人, 藤川智紀, 柚山義人, 前田守弘, 山岡賢

農業農村工学論文集 264 ( 77-6 ) 17 - 26 2009

Deep-soil adsorption of nitrate in a Japanese Andisol in response to different nitrogen sources Reviewed

Morihiro Maeda, Hirotaka Ihara, Takeshi Ota

SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL 72 ( 3 ) 702 - 710 2008.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SOIL SCI SOC AMER

Nitrate adsorption in a deep Andisol with a high anion exchange capacity (AEC) needs to be studied for groundwater management. We evaluated N balances and NO(3)(-) content profiles under cropping in Andisol fields after 10 yr of repeated N additions of different N sources-swine compost (SC, N application rate of 800 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)), coated urea (CU, 400 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)), or NH(4)-N (AN, 400 kg ha(-1) y(r-1))-and an unfertilized control (NF). The N losses from the 0- to 20-cm layer of three N-treated soils during the experiment were 2300 to 2700 kg N ha(-1), which were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Nitrate-N retention in deep-soil profiles up to 450 cm was 1800 to 2300 kg N.ha(-1) irrespective of N source (P > 0.05), and was 788 kg ha(-1) in the NF treatment. On the other hand, the type of N source affected soil NO(3)(-) content profiles: NO(3)(-) from the two types of slow-release N additions (SC and CU) remained within a depth of 60 cm, whereas NO(3)(-) in the 180- to 280-cm layer was significantly higher in the AN treatment (P < 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the primary contributor to soil NO(3)(-) content was Al content derived from allophane and imogolite, followed by soil pH and SO(4)(2-) with negative impacts. In Andisols of Ibaraki, Japan, NO(3)(-) leached from the root zones is retained by adsorption in deep layers, which may reduce the risk of groundwater contamination at least for 10 yr.

DOI： 10.2136/sssaj2007.0212

Models to Evaluate Nitrogen Flows in Various Scale as a Pedon, Field and a Water Catchment : 2. Introduction to Simulation Models of Nitrogen Dynamics in Upland Fields Reviewed

Maeda Morihiro

Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 79 ( 1 ) 89 - 99 2008

Nitrate adsorption and retardation in an Andisols with different soil pH and different coexisting anions Reviewed

MAEDA Morihiro, TANAKA Shoichi, OTA Takeshi

Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 79 ( 4 ) 353 - 357 2008

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

The mechanisms of nitrate (NO_3^-) adsorption and retardation in Andisols are vital to understanding how NO_3^- derived from fertilizers contaminates the groundwater in areas with a volcanic ash soil. In this study, we quantified the relationship between NO_3^- adsorption and retardation in an Andisol under different conditions of pH and coexisting anions. The soil pH was adjusted to 4 or 5 by adding 0.01N HCl or H_2SO_4 solutions. We measured the NO_3^- adsorption on these pH-adjusted soils in batch tests at a soil-to-solution ratio of 1:10, and measured NO_3^- retardation by means of column-flow tests. The NO_3^- adsorption isotherms in the batch tests were described by the Freundlich equation at solution NO_3^- concentrations ranging from I to 10mmol L^<-1>. Nitrate adsorption and retardation were both smaller for H_2SO_4-treated soils than for HCl-treated soils, and decreased at higher soil pH due to the soil's low anion exchange capacity. The retardation factors determined by the column tests were strongly associated with the NO_3^- adsorption measured in the batch tests (r^2=0.99). Furthermore, we could predict the NO_3^- retardation factor from the NO_3^- adsorption in the batch tests through the adsorption-retardation theory. Our results suggest that batch tests for NO_3^- adsorption are a useful tool for inferring NO_3^- retardation in Andisols.

DOI： 10.20710/dojo.79.4_353

Other Link： http://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010761441

Effect of flooding activities in a greenhouse on the production and emission of nitrous oxide Reviewed

SADAMATSU Atsushi, FUJIWARA Taku, OHTOSHI Kunio, MAEDA Morihiro

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G 45 459 - 466 2008

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers

The authors examined the effect of flooding activities in a greenhouse on the production and emission of nitrous oxide (N₂O) through field observations. Flooding activities affected not only the groundwater quality but also the N₂O gas flux strongly due to the infiltration of a large amount of N₂O, NO^-₃N, SO^2-₄among others, accumulated to the surface soils. Dissolved N₂O and NO^-₃-N in the groundwater decreased by denitrification in the aquifer with clay layer, and the production of N₂O as an intermediate of N₂ through denitrification is smaller than that during flooding activities. The cumulative amount of N₂O gas flux during 1 month just after flooding was estimated to account for 93% of annual flux. This result clarifies that the influence of the flooding activity on the emission of N₂O is extraordinary.

DOI： 10.11532/proes1992.45.459

Accumulation and chemical fractionation of heavy metals in andisols after a different, 6-year fertilization management Reviewed

BZ Zhao, M Maeda, JB Zhang, AN Zhu, Y Ozaki

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 13 ( 2 ) 90 - 97 2006.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ECOMED PUBLISHERS

Goal, Scope and Background. Andisols are widespread in Japan and have some special properties such as high anion exchange capacity, low bulk density, and high organic matter content, which might influence the accumulation or chemical fractionation of heavy metals. However, few such data exist in Japanese andisols. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and chemical fractions of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the soil profiles and subsequently to assess their potential environmental hazard.
Materials and Methods. Soil samples were taken from a field experiment conducted on Japanese andisols, which had received either swine compost or chemical fertilizers for 6 years. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr were determined for all of the obtained extract solutions by ICP-AES.
Results and Discussion. Considerably higher total concentrations of Cu and Zn were observed in the top 20 cm layer of the compost-amended soil, relative to the unfertilized soil, while chemical fertilizers had little effect. Application of the swine compost increased the concentrations of Cu and Zn, but not Ni and Cr, in all fractions in the top 20 cm layer. The greatest increase in the organically bound fraction (OM) Cu and dilute acid-exchangeable fraction (DAEXCH) Zn was observed. This suggests that Cu and Zn are potentially bioavailable and mobile in the andisol profiles after 6-year consecutive applications of the swine compost. On the other hand, distribution of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr among various soil fractions was generally unaffected by chemical fertilizers.
Conclusions. We observed that 6-year consecutive applications of the swine compost led to an increase in total metals of Cu and Zn, as well as their all-chemical fractions, in the top 20 cm soil layers. Potential hazard of heavy metals, especially of Cu and Zn, as a result of the use of swine compost on andisols, must be taken into account.
Recommendations and Outlook. The long-term effect of the accumulation of heavy metals, particularly Cu and Zn, in various plant tissues and soils, as well as their potential risk to surface water via runoff and groundwater via leaching, needs to be carefully considered. Further investigations in the long-term experiments are therefore necessary.

DOI： 10.1065/espr2005.06.268

Environmental Conservation (Division 8 : Environment)

Kawasaki A., Maeda M., Hojito M., Inubushi K.

Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 76 792 - 797 2005

Water-use efficiency and carbon isotope discrimination in two cultivars of upland rice during different developmental stages under three water regimes Reviewed

Bingzi Zhao, Motohiko Kondo, Morihiro Maeda, Yasuo Ozaki, Jiabao Zhang

Plant and Soil 261 ( 1-2 ) 61 - 75 2004.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A pot experiment was conducted in a glasshouse to clarify and quantify the effect of plant part, water regime, growth period, and cultivar on carbon isotope discrimination (CID), and to analyze the relationship between CID, stomatal behavior and water-use efficiency (WUE). The experiment was comprised of two upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars and three water regimes (100, 70, and 40% of saturation moisture) in a completely randomized design. Plants were harvested at tillering, flowering, and maturity. No significant cultivar differences in above-ground dry matter-based WUE (WUE A) and total dry matter-based WUE (WUE T) were observed. WUE A (and WUE T) increased with water stress up to tillering, but decreased with water stress after tillering. Significant cultivar differences in CID in all the analyzed plant parts were observed at all harvest times. Reduction in CID with water stress was greatest at tillering, and the effect was less pronounced at flowering and at maturity. At each harvest, the effect was most pronounced in newly developed plant parts. Root and grain tended to have the lowest CID values, and stem the highest, at all harvest times. A negative relationship was observed between CID measured at tillering and WUE A (and WUE T) measured over the period from seedling to tillering, whereas a reverse relationship was obtained between CID measured at flowering and WUE A (and WUE T) measured over the period from tillering to flowering, and an unclear relationship between CID measured at maturity and WUE A (and WUE T) measured over the period from flowering to maturity. The ratio of the intercellular and atmospheric concentration of CO 2 (C i/C a) were closely associated with CID throughout the water regimes when one cultivar was considered, however, cultivar differences in CID were not related to variations in C i/C a. The results indicate that significant cultivar difference existed in CID in all the analyzed plant parts at all harvest times, while corresponding difference in WUE A (and WUE T) between the cultivars was not necessarily consistent.

DOI： 10.1023/B:PLSO.0000035562.79099.55

Monitoring and Modeling Approaches for Nitrate Leaching in Upland Fields(JSSSPN Progress Awards)

Maeda M.

Japanese Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 75 ( 5 ) 571 - 572 2004

Natural 15N and 13C abundance in andisols influenced by long-term fertilization management in japan

Bingzi Zhao, Morihiro Maeda, Yasuo Ozaki

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 48 ( 4 ) 555 - 562 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Two field experiments were conducted on Andisols in Japan to evaluate the changes in the natural 15N and 13C abundance in the soil profile and to determine whether the values of δ15N could be used as an indicator of fertilizer sources or fertilizer fate. The 6-year experiment conducted at the National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) consisted of the following treatments: application of swine compost (COMPOST), slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (SRNF), readily available nitrogen fertilizer (RANF), and absence of fertilization (CONTROL). Experimental plots located at the Nippon Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) received cattle compost at different rates for 12 years
a forest soil at this site was sampled for comparison. Swine compost application led to a considerable change in the δ15N distribution pattern in the soil profile, with the highest δ15N values recorded in the top 20 cm layers of the COMPOST plot, decreasing in the sequence of CONTROL &gt
- RANF &gt
SRNF, mainly due to the relatively high δ15N value of swine compost and its subsequent decomposition. In contrast, SRNF application resulted in the lowest δ15N values in soil, indicating the presence of negligible nitrogen losses relative to input and low nitrogen cycling rates. Values of δ15N increased with compost application rates at NARI. In the leachate collected at 1-m depth, the δ15N values decreased in the sequence of COMPOST &gt
RANF ≥ CONTROL &gt
SRNF. The δ13C values in soil peaked in the 40–60 cm layers for all the fertilizers. The δ13C value was lowest in forest soil due to the presence of plant residues in soil organic matter. These results indicated that the δ15N values in the upper soil layers or leachate may enable to detect pollution sources of organic or inorganic nitrogen qualitatively in Andisols. © 2002 Taylor &amp
Francis Group, LLC.

DOI： 10.1080/00380768.2002.10409238

Leaching patterns of heavy metals and nitrogen evaluated with a modified tanks-in-series model Reviewed

M Maeda, LF Bergstrom

JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 43 ( 2 ) 165 - 185 2000.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Leaching rates of heavy metals (zinc and copper) and nitrogen were measured in 500-mm deep monolith lysimeters containing a heavy clay soil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of preferential flow on leaching of these chemicals under different precipitation regimes. N was applied at a rate of 100 kg ha(-1) (50 kg NO3-N ha(-1) and 50 kg NH4-N ha(-1)), Zn, at a rate of 100 kg ha(-1), and Cu, at 40 kg ha(-1). Simultaneously, Br was applied at a rate of 100 kg ha(-1) to provide information on water movement through the profiles. A modified version of the 'tanks-in-series model' was used to describe the distribution function of non-reactive tracer (Br) travel time and compare the results with experimental data obtained in the lysimeters. Rapid discharge of Br in the monoliths was taken as a clear evidence for preferential flow. This flow behaviour was well described by the model through the parameters n and f(m), that is, in terms of the degree of mixing of water in soil and the ratio between mobile regions and the maximum amount of water in a monolith when freely drained. When determining parameter values, the required experimental period was made shorter by using a peak coordinate of distribution of non-reactive tracer travel time, instead of the moment analysis. The model could use the cumulative leachate as the only variable in the distribution function of tracer travel time under non-steady flow conditions. N leaching occurred in the form of NO3-N, which was also largely displaced through preferential flow. Zn leaching was also enhanced by preferential flow, whereas Cu leaching was negligible. Concentrations of NO3-N and Zn in leachate in the treatments, which received the element, often exceeded the Swedish drinking water guideline. The results obtained in this study show that preferential flow may have a substantial influence on leaching of heavy metals and nitrogen, and the combination of monolith lysimeters and the modified tanks-in-series model may be used to classify soils in terms of the occurrence of such flow behaviour. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Water collection efficiency of wick samplers under steady state flow conditions Reviewed

M Maeda, BC Liyanage, Y Ozaki

SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 45 ( 2 ) 485 - 492 1999.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPANESE SOC SOIL SCIENCE PLANT NUTRITION

Wick samplers could be used for measurements of solute transport, Water collection efficiency of wick samplers, defined as the volume of water collected by a sampler divided by the water flux from the root zone, should be close to 100%, We used three wick samplers differing in wall height in Hydric Hapludands under constant rainfall intensity and examined the effects of the rainfall intensity and wall height on the water collection efficiency based on experimental data and a numerical analysis. The water collection efficiency of wick samplers increased with the rainfall intensity and wall height because the increase in both rainfall intensity and wall height resulted in a distribution of the total potential inside the wick sampler close to that outside the wick sampler. Furthermore, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the drain hole to that of the cylinder must be taken into account in the design of a wick sampler.

SORPTION AND MIGRATION OF RADIOIODINE IN SATURATED SANDY SOIL Reviewed

K NISHIMAKI, N SATTA, M MAEDA

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 31 ( 8 ) 828 - 838 1994.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD

Using I-125 as tracer, the migration of iodide and iodate in a solvent flowing steadily through saturated sandy soil was examined in column experiment and analyzed theoretically, with particular reference to the effect of differences in pH value. Runs at pH 3, medial pH and pH 10 were performed to determine breakthrough data from radioactivity measurements on the effluent solution.
The results obtained from column experiments indicated that, for the same pH, sandy soil sorbed iodate ((IO3-)-I-125) more strongly than iodide (I-125(-)), and that, for the same chemical form, more effective sorption is shown at lower than at high pH. This indicated that the sorption behavior of iodine in sandy soil depended significantly on their chemical form and on pH-i.e. the hydrogen ion concentration in the influent solution.
The strong sorption of iodate under medial pH and pH 3-evidenced by the breakthrough data-was simulated numerically, based on mathematical expressions representing a combination of instantaneous (equilibrium) and limited-rate (non-equilibrium) sorption processes. Unknown parameters incorporated in the model were determined by a procedure of fitting the mathematically derived curves to the observed plots for different experimental conditions, as a result of which good agreement was obtained of the calculated curves with the observed breakthrough plots.

DOI： 10.1080/18811248.1994.9735229

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