研究者詳細 - 若井　拓哉

Phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor 1 during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes 査読

Junya Ito, Tomoko Yoshida, Yasushi Kasai, Takuya Wakai, Jan B. Parys, Rafael A. Fissore, Naomi Kashiwazaki

ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 81 ( 1 ) 34 - 41 2010年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

During fertilization in mammalian species, a sperm-induced intracellular Ca(2+) signal ([Ca(2+)](i)) mediates both exit of meiosis and oocyte activation. Recently, we demonstrated in mouse oocytes that the phosphorylation levels of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor type1 (IP(3)R1), the channel responsible for Ca(2+) release and oscillations during fertilization, changed during maturation and fertilization. Therefore, we examined the expression and phosphorylation of IP(3)R1 during in vitro maturation of pig oocytes. Here, our present study shows that expression of IP(3)R1 protein did not change during maturation, although the phosphorylation status of the receptor, specifically at an MPM-2 epitope, did. We found that while at the beginning of maturation IP(3)R1 lacked MPM-2 immunoreactivity, it became MPM-2 reactive by 24 h and reached maximal reactivity by 36 h. Interestingly, the acquisition of MPM-2 reactivity coincided with the activation of p34(cdc2) kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are involved in meiotic progression. Following completion of maturation, inactivation of MAPK by U0126 did not affect IP(3)R1 phosphorylation, although inactivation of p34(cdc2) kinase by roscovitine dramatically reduced IP(3)R1 phosphorylation. Neither inhibitor affected total expression of IP(3)R1. Altogether, our results show that IP(3)R1 undergoes dynamic phosphorylation during maturation and this might underlie the generation of oscillations at fertilization.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00699.x

Early metaphase II oocytes treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate provide suitable recipient cytoplasm for the production of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos 査読

Satoshi Sugimura, Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Manabu Kawahara, Takuya Wakai, Masaki Yokoo, Eimei Sato

ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 81 ( 1 ) 48 - 57 2010年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

We investigated the effects of in vitro maturation duration and treatment with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) on the blind enucleation efficiency and developmental competence of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Oocytes were cultured for 22 h in NCSU-23 medium with or without 1 mM dbcAMP and then additionally cultured in dbcAMP-free NCSU-23 for 14, 18, or 22 h. Regardless of dbcAMP treatment, the rate of nuclear maturation reached a plateau at 36 and 40 h. However, mitochondrial distribution, a marker for cytoplasmic maturation, differed between the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. The metaphase II chromosomes were adjacent to the first polar body in 68.8% and 63.5% of the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h, respectively. Furthermore, the blind enucleation efficiency by removing a small volume of cytoplasm was significantly higher in the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h (82.9%) and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h (89.9%) than other groups. The rate of blastocyst formation was highest in the dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. Hence, this study demonstrated that dbcAMP-treated early metaphase II oocytes are suitable for the production of miniature pig SCNT embryos.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00705.x

Acetylation Level of Histone H3 in Early Embryonic Stages Affects Subsequent Development of Miniature Pig Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos 査読

Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Satoshi Sugimura, Takuya Wakai, Manabu Kawahara, Eimei Sato

JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 55 ( 6 ) 638 - 644 2009年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SOCIETY REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT-SRD

Successful cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) requires a reprogramming process in which the epigenetic state of a differentiated donor nucleus must be converted into art embryonic totipotent state. However, this epigenetic reprogramming is incomplete in SCNT embryos, causing low production efficiency. Recently, it has been reported that trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, potentially enhances cloning efficiency. The aim of the present study was to optimize the TSA treatment for miniature pig SCNT embryos and investigate the effect of the acetylation level of historic on developmental competence of SCNT embryos. In order to optimize the TSA treatment, we examined the developmental competence of SCNT embryos under various exposure times (0-50 h) and concentrations (0-500 nM). Treatment with 5 nM TSA for 15 and 20 h beginning at the start of activation significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate (34.6 and 32.4 vs. 18.2%, respectively) and mean cell number (57.0 +/- 2.7 and 56.6 +/- 2.7 vs. 43.5 +/- 2.1, respectively) as compared with the non-treated group (0 h). We then investigated the acetylation levels of histone H3 in SCNT embryos treated with or without TSA (TSA (+) or TSA (-)) as compared with in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos. The acetylation levels of the TSA (-) SCNT embryos at the pseudo-pronuclear and 2-cell stages were significantly lower than those of the IVF embryos at the same developmental stages. In contrast, the acetylation levels of the TSA (+) SCNT embryos were similar to those of the IVF embryos. There was no difference in the acetylation levels of all groups at the blastocyst stage. Our data therefore suggests that the acetylation level of histone H3 at the pseudo-pronuclear and 2-cell stages is positively correlated with subsequent development of SCNT embryos, which may be an important event for the vital development of SCNT embryos in miniature pigs.

DOI： 10.1262/jrd.20245

Profile of new green fluorescent protein transgenic Jinhua pigs as an imaging source 査読

Tatsuo Kawarasaki, Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Atsushi Hirao, Sadahiro Azuma, Masayoshi Otake, Masatoshi Shibata, Seiko Tsuchiya, Shin Enosawa, Koichi Takeuchi, Kenjiro Konno, Yoji Hakamata, Hiroyuki Yoshino, Takuya Wakai, Shigeo Ookawara, Hozumi Tanaka, Eiji Kobayashi, Takashi Murakami

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 14 ( 5 ) 054017 2009年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS

Animal imaging sources have become an indispensable material for biological sciences. Specifically, gene-encoded biological probes serve as stable and high-performance tools to visualize cellular fate in living animals. We use a somatic cell cloning technique to create new green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Jinhua pigs with a miniature body size, and characterized the expression profile in various tissues/organs and ex vivo culture conditions. The born GFP-transgenic pig demonstrate an organ/tissue-dependent expression pattern. Strong GFP expression is observed in the skeletal muscle, pancreas, heart, and kidney. Regarding cellular levels, bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, hepatocytes, and islet cells of the pancreas also show sufficient expression with the unique pattern. Moreover, the cloned pigs demonstrate normal growth and fertility, and the introduced GFP gene is stably transmitted to pigs in subsequent generations. The new GFP-expressing Jinhua pigs may be used as new cellular/tissue light resources for biological imaging in preclinical research fields such as tissue engineering, experimental regenerative medicine, and transplantation. (C) 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3241985]

DOI： 10.1117/1.3241985

Regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 function during oocyte maturation by MPM-2 phosphorylation 査読

Veerle Vanderheyden, Takuya Wakai, Geert Bultynck, Humbert De Smedt, Jan B. Parys, Rafael A. Fissore

CELL CALCIUM 46 ( 1 ) 56 - 64 2009年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE

Egg activation and further embryo development require a sperm-induced intracellular Ca(2+) signal at the time of fertilization. Prior to fertilization, the egg's Ca(2+) machinery is therefore optimized. To this end, during oocyte maturation, the sensitivity, i.e. the Ca(2+) releasing ability, of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP(3)R1), which is responsible for most of this Ca(2+) release, markedly increases. In this study, the recently discovered specific Polo-like kinase (Plk) inhibitor BI2536 was used to investigate the role of Plk1 in this process. BI2536 inactivates Plk1 in oocytes at the early stages of maturation and significantly decreases IP(3)R1 phosphorylation at an MPM-2 epitope at this stage. Moreover, this decrease in Plk1-dependent MPM-2 phosphorylation significantly lowers IP(3)R1 sensitivity. Finally, using in vitro phosphorylation techniques we identified T(2656) as a major Plk1 site on IP(3)R1. We therefore propose that the initial increase in IP(3)R1 sensitivity during oocyte maturation is underpinned by IP(3)R1 phosphorylation at an MPM-2 epitope(s). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ceca.2009.04.004

Difference in Sensitivity to Culture Condition Between In Vitro Fertilized and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos in Pigs 査読

Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Satoshi Sugimura, Takuya Wakai, Manabu Kawahara, Eimei Sato

JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 55 ( 3 ) 299 - 304 2009年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SOCIETY REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT-SRD

We evaluated the developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos using in vitro embryo culture systems. Embryos were cultured in NCSU-23, NCSU-23 supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids (NCSU-23aa) or modified PZM-5 supplemented with BSA instead of PVA (mPZM-5). The rates of blastocyst formation were significantly higher in the mPZM-5 group than in the other groups, regardless of the method of embryo production (38.0 vs. 25.3 or 29.1% for IVF, 18.2 vs. 8.7 or 9.40% for SCNT, respectively). The mean cell numbers of IVF and SCNT blastocysts were also significantly higher in mPZM-5 than in the other groups (62.0 vs. 42.3 or 43.0 for IVF, 46.5 vs. 29.4 or 31.3 for SCNT, respectively). Next, the embryos were cultured in mPZM-5 from days 0 to 4 and then in mPZM-5 (P/P), NCSU-23 (P/N) or NCSU-23aa (P/Naa) until day 6. The rates of blastocyst formation were similar among the 3 two-step culture systems in both embryo groups (36.2, 34.2, and 33.6% for IVF, 20.8, 14.1, and 17.2% for SCNT, respectively). The mean cell number in the IVF and SCNT blastocysts was significantly lower in P/N than in P/P and P/Naa (46.5 vs. 63.5 and 68.7 for IVF, 29.3 vs. 45.5 and 39.7 for SCNT, respectively). Next, we examined the effect of media on apoptosis in IVF and SCNT blastocysts. The apoptosis indices in the blastocysts derived from either NCSU-23 or mPZM-5 were analyzed by TUNEL assay. The apoptosis index of the SCNT blastocysts was significantly lower in mPZM-5 than in NCSU-23 (8.8 vs. 13.6%), whereas no such difference was observed between groups in the IVF embryos (51 vs. 4.4%). These data suggested that SCNT embryos were more easily affected by culture environment compared with IVF embryos, offering the possibility to further enhance the developmental competence of SCNT embryos by developing more appropriate culture conditions in pigs.

DOI： 10.1262/jrd.20174

Production of viable cloned miniature pig embryos using oocytes derived from domestic pig ovaries 査読

Takuya Wakai, Satoshi Sugimura, Ken-Ichi Yamanaka, Manabu Kawahara, Hiroshi Sasada, Hozumi Tanaka, Asako Ando, Eiji Kobayashi, Eimei Sato

CLONING AND STEM CELLS 10 ( 2 ) 249 - 261 2008年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：MARY ANN LIEBERT INC

For production of viable somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) miniature pig embryos, in vitro condition for controlling the quality of recipient oocytes derived from domestic pig ovaries should be evaluated. In the present study, to get information on optimal in vitro maturation (IVM) condition of oocytes, we investigated the effect of IVM duration of recipient oocytes on subsequent development of SCNT miniature pig embryos, the maturation-promoting factor (MPF) activity in recipient oocytes before and after SCNT, and the occurrence of premature chromosome condensation (PCC) and spindle morphologies of donor nuclei following SCNT. The optimal window of the IVM period in terms of in vitro developmental ability of SCNT embryos was determined to be 36-40 h after the start of IVM. The use of recipient oocytes matured for 36 and 40 h resulted in a high level of MPF activity before and after SCNT and increased the occurrence of PCC in transferred nuclei compared to the use of oocytes matured for 44 and 52 h. The proportion of abnormal spindle-like structures increased as the IVM period was prolonged. In addition, SCNT embryos constructed from recipient cytoplasts obtained after 40 h of maturation by using fetal fibroblasts of miniature pigs were transferred to surrogate miniature pigs, and developed to full term. These results suggest that recipient oocytes matured for 36 h and 40 h effectively induce PCC with a normal cytoskeletal structure because of a high level of MPF activity; furthermore, the 40-h IVM period improves in vitro development of SCNT embryos to the blastocyst stage, resulting in the production of viable cloned miniature pigs.

DOI： 10.1089/clo.2007.0045

Effect of cytochalasins B and D on the developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in miniature pigs. 査読

Sugimura S, Kawahara M, Wakai T, Yamanaka K, Sasada H, Sato E

Zygote (Cambridge, England) 16 ( 2 ) 153 - 159 2008年5月

Induction of estrus in pubertal miniature gilts 査読

Takuya Wakai, Hozumi Tanaka, Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Satoshi Sugimura, Hiroshi Sasada, Manabu Kawahara, Eiji Kobayashi, Eimei Sato

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE 103 ( 1-2 ) 193 - 198 2008年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Genetic engineering of miniature pigs has facilitated the development of numerous biomedical applications, such as xenotransplantation and animal models for human diseases. Manipulation of the estrus is one of the essential techniques for the generation of transgenic offspring. The purpose of the present study was to establish a useful method for induction of the estrus in miniature gilts. A total of 38 pubertal miniature gilts derived from 4 different strains were treated with exogenous gonadotropins. Estrus and ovulatory response were examined after treatment with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as 200 IU PMSG and 100 IU hCG, 300 IU PMSG and 150 IU hCG, or 1500 IU PMSG only, followed by 100, 150 or 750 IU hCG 72 h later, respectively. The optimal protocol was determined to be the combination treatment of 200 IU PMSG and 100 IU hCG followed by 100 IU hCG. The administration of 200 IU PMSG and 100 IU hCG was effective in inducing estrus regardless of the strain, although there was a strain difference in the ovulatory response. These results indicate that treatment with a low-dose combination of PMSG and hCG provides one of the simplest methods for induction of estrus and ovulation in pubertal miniature pigs. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.04.004

Effect of activation treatments on actin filament distribution and in vitro development of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos 査読

Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Satoshi Sugimura, Takuya Wakai, Takehisa Shoji, Jin Kobayashi, Hiroshi Sasada, Eimei Sato

JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 53 ( 4 ) 791 - 800 2007年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SOCIETY REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT-SRD

In the present study, we investigated the effect of activation treatments on the actin filament distribution and in vitro development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos in miniature pigs. We combined three activation methods, ionomycin (ION), electrical stimulation (ES), and cycloheximide treatment (CH), to prepare seven activation treatments (ION, ES, CH, ION + CH, ION + ES, ES + CH and ION + ES + CH). First, we investigated the activation rate of oocytes and in vitro development of parthenotes. The activation rates of the oocytes in the ION, ES, CH, ION + CH, ION + ES, ES + CH, and ION + ES + CH groups were 42.9, 51.3, 0.0, 82.1, 80.6, 78.1 and 78.6%, respectively, showing that the rates of the combined treatment groups were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the single treatment groups. Although there were no significant differences in the activation rates of the combined treatment groups, the developmental rate to blastocysts in the ION + CH treatment group (36.1%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other combined treatment groups (14.6-24.7%). Subsequently, we investigated the in vitro development and distribution of microfilaments in SCNT embryos. The developmental rate to blastcysts of the SCNT embryos in the ION + CH treatment group (11.3%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in the ES and ION + ES + CH treatment groups (4.5 and 5.2%, respectively). The rate of normal actin filament distribution in the SCNT embryos activated with ION + CH was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those activated with ES or ION + ES + CH treatment (63.3 vs. 46.8 or 46.4%). In addition, the fragmentation rate of the SCNT embryos activated with ION + CH was significantly lower (P<0.05) than those activated with ION + ES + CH (14.9 vs. 26.1%). The present results suggest that an activation treatment of ionomycin combined with cycloheximide may avoid physical damage to microfilaments and result in improved subsequent development of miniature pig SCNT embryos.

DOI： 10.1262/jrd.18162

Recent patents of TGF-beta family and VEGF associated with ovarian follicular development in mammals. 査読

Shimizu T, Abe Y, Wakai T, Hoshino Y, Miyamoto A, Sato E

Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences 1 ( 3 ) 195 - 199 2007年

Recent patents of TGF-beta family and VEGF associated with ovarian follicular development in mammals. 査読

Shimizu Takashi, Abe Yasuyuki, Wakai Takuya, Hoshino Yumi, Miyamoto Akio, Sato Eimei

Recent patents on DNA & gene sequences 1 ( 3 ) 195 - 199 2007年

Caffeine promotes premature chromosome condensation formation and in vitro development in porcine reconstructed embryos via a high level of maturation promoting factor activity during nuclear transfer 査読

M Kawahara, T Wakai, KI Yamanaka, J Kobayashi, S Sugimura, T Shimizu, H Matsumoto, JH Kim, H Sasada, E Sato

REPRODUCTION 130 ( 3 ) 351 - 357 2005年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：BIO SCIENTIFICA LTD

When the nucleus in G0/G1 phase is transferred to an enucleated oocyte by nuclear transfer (NT), its nuclear envelope is broken, followed by condensation of chromosome structure by maturation promoting factor (MPF). This morphological remodeling of the transferred interphase nucleus seems to be essential for subsequent development of NT embryos. in this study, we treated porcine NT embryos with caffeine, which has been reported to increase MPF activity, to keep their MPF level high during NIT. When 2.5 mM caffeine was added to the handling medium, the proportion of NT embryos showing condensed chromosome increased significantly (P < 0.05). In NT embryos treated with caffeine, the activity of p34(cdc2) kinase was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in those without caffeine at 3 h post-injection. in addition, the rate of development to the blastocyst stage after activation was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in NT embryos treated with caffeine. These results indicate that caffeine treatment can increase not only the rate of chromosome condensation but also the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage of porcine NT embryos. This action is most likely due to the support/increase of MPF activity throughout the process of NT.

DOI： 10.1530/rep.1.00644