研究者詳細 - 髙橋　智

Effects of Auditory Stimuli in the Horizontal Plane on Audiovisual Integration: An Event-Related Potential Study

Weiping Yang, Qi Li, Tatsuya Ochi, Jingjing Yang, Yulin Gao, Xiaoyu Tang, Satoshi Takahashi, Jinglong Wu

PLOS ONE 8 ( 6 ) e66402 2013年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE

This article aims to investigate whether auditory stimuli in the horizontal plane, particularly originating from behind the participant, affect audiovisual integration by using behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) measurements. In this study, visual stimuli were presented directly in front of the participants, auditory stimuli were presented at one location in an equidistant horizontal plane at the front (0 degrees, the fixation point), right (90 degrees), back (180 degrees), or left (270 degrees) of the participants, and audiovisual stimuli that include both visual stimuli and auditory stimuli originating from one of the four locations were simultaneously presented. These stimuli were presented randomly with equal probability; during this time, participants were asked to attend to the visual stimulus and respond promptly only to visual target stimuli (a unimodal visual target stimulus and the visual target of the audiovisual stimulus). A significant facilitation of reaction times and hit rates was obtained following audiovisual stimulation, irrespective of whether the auditory stimuli were presented in the front or back of the participant. However, no significant interactions were found between visual stimuli and auditory stimuli from the right or left. Two main ERP components related to audiovisual integration were found: first, auditory stimuli from the front location produced an ERP reaction over the right temporal area and right occipital area at approximately 160-200 milliseconds; second, auditory stimuli from the back produced a reaction over the parietal and occipital areas at approximately 360-400 milliseconds. Our results confirmed that audiovisual integration was also elicited, even though auditory stimuli were presented behind the participant, but no integration occurred when auditory stimuli were presented in the right or left spaces, suggesting that the human brain might be particularly sensitive to information received from behind than both sides.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0066402

Development of a method to present wide-view visual stimuli in MRI for peripheral visual studies

Jinglong Wu, Bin Wang, JiaJia Yang, Yuu Hikino, Satoshi Takahashi, Tianyi Yan, Seiichiro Ohno, Susumu Kanazawa

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS 214 ( 2 ) 126 - 136 2013年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

We developed a novel wide-view visual presentation system for fMRI studies. Computer-generated images were projected onto a hemispheric, translucent screen inside the MRI bore and were then back-projected onto a 52 mm diameter screen. To achieve a wide field view, a spherical screen with a curvature radius of 30 mm was placed 30 mm away from the subjects' eyes. The subjects wore contact lenses that enabled them to focus on the screen, and the resulting visual field reached 120 degrees. To evaluate the clarity and quality of the MM images, a signal-to-noise ratio valuation experiment was performed. In addition, we successfully applied this visual presentation system to studies of visual retinotopic mapping and object perception neural function in the peripheral visual field. Our study demonstrated that the system is compatible with the MM environment. Based on the wide-field mapping results, this system was more effective at mapping a checkerboard stimuli in V1-V3 from the central to peripheral visual fields. In higher-level visual areas, we successfully located several classical category-selective areas, including the face-selective area (FFA), occipital face area (OFA), house-selective area (PPA), transverse occipital sulcus (TOS), lateral occipital complex (LOC) and posterior fusiform area (pFs). In these areas, we found that the response amplitudes exhibited different decreasing trends with increasing eccentricity. In conclusion, we developed a simple, effective method for presenting wide-view visual stimuli within the MRI environment that can be applied to many kinds of fMRI studies of peripheral vision. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.01.021

Direct measurement of force exerted during single microbubble generation

Shinji Deguchi, Satoshi Takahashi, Hidenori Hiraki, Syuhei Tanimura

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 102 ( 8 ) 2013年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：AMER INST PHYSICS

While there has been progress in the understanding of microbubble mechanics, the force associated with their formation has not previously been measured. Here we directly measure the force exerted during microbubble generation. We illuminate a carbon microfiber immersed in distilled water by using an infrared laser to produce individual bubbles. The fiber is elastically deformable and acts as a force sensor. A force of several nano-Newtons was detected on generation of each bubble. We show that water vaporization is responsible for the primary formation of the bubbles, and their subsequent expansion is caused by the diffusion of dissolved gases. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793532]

DOI： 10.1063/1.4793532

Different Attentional Modulation in the Visual Word Form Area and Parahippocampal Place Area 査読

Geqi Qi, Bin Wang, Jinglong Wu, Satoshi Takahashi, Seiichiro Ohno, Susumu Kanazawa

Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering 1 ( 2 ) 146 - 152 2013年

Cooperative Regulation of Vocal Fold Morphology and Stress by the Cricothyroid and Thyroarytenoid Muscles

Shinji Deguchi, Yuki Kawahara, Satoshi Takahashi

JOURNAL OF VOICE 25 ( 6 ) E255 - E263 2011年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：MOSBY-ELSEVIER

Voice is produced by vibrations of vocal folds that consist of multiple layers. The portion of the vocal fold tissue that vibrates varies depending primarily on laryngeal muscle activity. The effective depth of tissue vibration should significantly influence the vibrational behavior of the tissue and resulting voice quality. However, thus far, the effect of the activation of individual muscles on the effective depth is not well understood. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to investigate the effect of the activation of two major laryngeal muscles, the cricothyroid (CT) and thyroarytenoid (TA) muscles, on vocal fold morphology and stress distribution in the tissue. Because structures that bear less stress can easily be deformed and involved in vibration, information on the morphology and stress distribution may provide a useful estimate of the effective depth. The results of the analyses indicate that the two muscles perform distinct roles, which allow cooperative control of the morphology and stress. When the CT muscle is activated, the tip region of the vocal folds becomes thinner and curves upward, resulting in the elevation of the stress magnitude all over the tissue to a certain degree that depends on the stiffness of each layer. On the other hand, the TA muscle acts to suppress the morphological change and controls the stress magnitude in a position-dependent manner. Thus, the present analyses demonstrate quantitative relationships between the two muscles in their cooperative regulation of vocal fold morphology and stress.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.11.006

4自由度長さ提示装置の製作と指先の長さ知覚実験査読

呉景龍, 王海波, 北山直嗣, 高橋智

日本機械学会論文集C編 77 ( 778 ) 2336 - 2343 2011年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

In order to investigate the human characteristic on length perception between the thumb and four fingers, we developed a four-degree-of-freedom (4DOF) length display device which can adjust each four distances respectively. The 4DOF device was proofed by length perception experiment. The placement of 4 units of the 4DOF device arranges from fingertip trajectory experimental data. The position of 4 fingers basing on the thumb is changed by stepping motor. The experiment is that each length between the thumb and other four fingers is same length. The results suggested that the same trend of perceptual length by thumb and any other finger is underestimation. In addition, perceptual error around 70mm was the biggest.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.77.2336

触覚片仮名提示装置の開発と能動的触覚による片仮名認識特性の検討査読

呉景龍, 横谷逸, 楊家家, 高橋智

日本機械学会論文集Ｃ編 77 ( 775 ) 923 - 932 2011年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

Braille is one of the few writing systems that use tactile perception. The system is widely used by the blind to read and write. However, Braille is difficult to learn for persons with acquired blindness, especially for the elderly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design a tactile Japanese Katakana presentation device for the investigation of characteristics of tactile Katakana recognition. The device consists of a disk for tactile Katakana patterns, a force sensor unit for force measurement when subjects' fingers touch the tactile patterns, and an ultrasonic motor for tactile patterns presentation. Using the ultrasonic motor, the device presents characters to subjects quickly and automatically. Furthermore, the device has a big advantage that subjects are only required to move their fingers up and down, without any big submovements. An experiment was conducted using the device to test tactile recognition of 46 Katakana characters in native Japanese speakers with normal vision. Ten healthy right-handed male volunteers consented to participate in this experiment. Successful tactile Katakana recognition was higher than 78% (±14.4%) for these young subjects.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.77.923

緊急時における車制動行動のペダル配置と加齢効果の検討査読

呉景龍, 古谷慎平, 楊家家, 高橋智

日本機械学会論文集C編 77 ( 777 ) 2336 - 2343 2011年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

Driver safety is an important and often sensitive issue for seniors. Statistics show that the elderly are more likely than other drivers to receive traffic citations for failing to yield, turning improperly, and running red lights and stop signs all indications of decreased driving ability. Currently in Japan, half of the deceased in traffic accidents are elderly people. In present study, we focused on how the pedal placement affect on braking action in emergency. First, ten healthy young and ten elderly individuals were asked to perform a simple reaction experiment by foot. Then, the same subjects were instructed to complete a braking action experiment with different pedal placement condition. The results suggested that both simple reaction time and foot movement time of elderly subjects were significantly longer than that of young subjects. Moreover, the brake pedal force of elderly subjects was lower than that of young subjects. Thus, aging influenced both of simple reaction time and braking action in emergency. In addition, even the pedal placement changed characteristics of braking action of both young and elderly subjects, the most comfortable pedal placement of elderly subjects differed from young subjects.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.77.2062

Cavity generation by accelerated relative motions between solid walls contacting in liquid

S. Washio, S. Takahashi, K. Murakami, T. Tada, S. Deguchi

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 222 ( 9 ) 1695 - 1705 2008年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD

A contact motion between two solids in a liquid can give rise to a cavity. To investigate this phenomenon, processes of cavity generation in a liquid between two walls making accelerated relative motions in their normal and tangential directions have been observed in detail, using microscopes and high-speed video cameras. The results are as follows: generation and subsequent expansion of a cavity are influenced by factors such as the initial clearance between the walls, the acceleration of motion, the initial pressure, the liquid viscosity, and the contact area. In contrast, air solubility in oil does not affect generation, but the size of a bubble remaining in the liquid. The pressure in a liquid film between two parallel walls normally moving away with a constant acceleration has also been theoretically analysed, providing the basis for the generation of tensile stresses in liquid films. Finally, the following idea of mechanism has been proposed: a tensile stress occurring in a liquid film breaks the liquid-solid interface, producing a rift, which develops into a visible cavity. Considering that liquid machines have many parts of contacting solids making relative motions, it is presumed that cavitation in them can start from this phenomenon.

DOI： 10.1243/09544062JMES965

往復ピストン前面助走域における油の振動流れ(その数値計算とLDV測定)(共著)

針状突起を使った油のキャビテーション初生機構の研究査読

鷲尾誠一, 高橋智, 川原真一郎, 岸谷征典

日本機械学会論文集(B編) 66 ( 651 ) 2912 - 2919 2000年

キャビテーションを利用した油の脱気法に関する研究

高橋智, 鷲尾誠一, 関理文, 丁爾奇

日本油空圧学会論文集 30 ( 5 ) 141 - 146 1999年

油のキャビテーション初生の観察査読

鷲尾誠一, 高橋智, 宇田康弘, 砂原匠

日本機械学会論文集(B編) 65 ( 633 ) 1643 - 1651 1999年

鉱油に対する気体の飽和溶解度と拡散係数の測定査読

鷲尾誠一, 高橋智, 井元智可至, 吉田篤正

日本機械学会論文集(C編) 63 ( 609 ) 1701 - 1709 1996年

鷲尾誠一, 高橋智, 伊藤勝英

日本機械学会論文集(B編) 62 ( 594 ) 564 - 571 1996年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会

In front of a reciprocating piston in a pipe containing fluid, the velocity profile is assumed to vary continuously in the axial direction from a uniform one to that of an ordinary oscillatory viscous pipe flow. The present paper deals with theoretical and experimental discussions of this subject. Numerical calculations have indicated that the transition of velocity profiles is completed within a pipe radius away from the piston. In order to experimentally verify this finding, an LDV with a counter-type signal processor is used to measure velocities in oscillatory oil flows close to a reciprocating piston. Although a counter is usually not used for measuring unsteady flows, it has proved applicable to periodic flows when the data within the same range of phase angle are separately collected and stochastically processed in the same way as in an ordinary steady measurement. The measurements thus carried out have given satisfactory results which agree with the theoretical predictions.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaib.62.564

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