Updated on 2025/04/11

写真a

 
BEKKU Kensuke
 
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Scheduled update Lecturer
Position
Lecturer
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Degree

  • 岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科博士課程 ( 2013.3 )

 

Papers

  • Nonintravesical Interventions for Preventing Intravesical Recurrence in Patients With Nonmuscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Robert J Schulz, Stefano Mancon, Tamás Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Anna Cadenar, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Pawel Rajwa, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura, Koichiro Wada, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Piotr Chlosta, Jeremy Teoh, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Clinical genitourinary cancer   23 ( 2 )   102306 - 102306   2025.4

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    Despite currently used intravesical therapies in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the rate of intravesical recurrence remains very high. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding nonintravesical interventions to standard intravesical therapies to prevent intravesical recurrence. In April 2024, 3 databases were queried for prospective studies evaluating nonintravesical interventions in addition to standard intravesical therapies for NMIBC (CRD42024490988). The primary outcome was intravesical recurrence-free survival (iRFS). Standard pairwise meta-analyses were performed using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with a random-effects model. We identified 18 eligible studies (14 RCTs and 4 prospective trials) comprising 4,593 NMIBC patients, which investigated pharmacological interventions (eg, selenium, vitamins, Lactobacillus casei, celecoxib, metformin, mistletoe lectin) and lifestyle modifications (diet). The addition of Lactobacillus casei significantly improved iRFS (HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.34-0.73; P < .001). A high western diet pattern significantly worsened iRFS (HR:1.48, 95%CI:1.06-2.06, P = .03). The other nonintravesical interventions were not associated with iRFS. Our comprehensive review of the published literature highlights the need for further research into the efficacy of nonvesical interventions for NMIBC. While Lactobacillus was shown to improve iRFS in 2 RCTs, additional high-quality randomized studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of other interventions.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2025.102306

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  • Postoperative infections after robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy in a single large institution: Effect of type and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration

    Masao Mitsui, Takuya Sadahira, Naoya Nagasaki, Yuki Maruyama, Takanori Sekito, Takehiro Iwata, Satoshi Katayama, Kensuke Bekku, Motoo Araki

    International Journal of Urology   2025.3

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    DOI: 10.1111/iju.15635

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  • Propensity score-matched analysis comparing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and image-guided percutaneous cryoablation for cT1 renal cell carcinoma. International journal

    Tomoaki Yamanoi, Kensuke Bekku, Kasumi Yoshinaga, Yuki Maruyama, Kentaro Nagao, Tatsushi Kawada, Yusuke Tominaga, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takuya Sadahira, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Mayu Uka, Shingo Nishimura, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Takao Hiraki, Motoo Araki

    Urologic oncology   42 ( 12 )   453.e15-453.e22   2024.12

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    OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and image-guided percutaneous cryoablation (IG-PCA) for clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 679 patients with clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma treated with RAPN or IG-PCA between 2012 and 2021. Propensity scores were calculated via logistic analysis to adjust for imbalances in baseline characteristics. We compared oncological and functional outcomes between the 2 treatment groups. RESULTS: Following the matching process, 108 patients were included in each group. No patient in the RAPN group developed local recurrence. In the IG-PCA group, three patients experienced local tumor progression. The patients underwent salvage thermal ablations by the secondary technique; 2 underwent IG-PCA and 1 underwent microwave ablation, resulting in a local control rate of 100%. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of 5-year recurrence-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and overall survival (log-rank test; P = 0.11, P = 0.64, and P = 0.17, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the 2 treatments in major and overall complication rates (P = 0.75 and P = 0.82, respectively). Both groups showed similar rates of less than 10% estimated glomerular filtration rate decline at 12 months post-treatment and 5-year renal function preservation rates (P = 0.88 and P = 0.38, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: IG-PCA demonstrated oncological outcomes comparable to those of RAPN. RAPN addressed the disadvantages of conventional procedures and allowed for safety outcomes comparable to IG-PCA.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.09.012

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  • The Impact of Concomitant Medications on the Overall Survival of Patients Treated with Systemic Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Marcin Miszczyk, Tamás Fazekas, Robert J Schulz, Stefano Mancon, Giulio Litterio, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Pawel Rajwa, Koichiro Wada, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Clinical genitourinary cancer   22 ( 6 )   102237 - 102237   2024.12

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    Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the standard treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the impact of concomitant medications remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients treated with systemic therapy for advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC. In August 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for studies evaluating concomitant medications in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC (PROSPERO: CRD42024573252). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). A fixed- or random-effects model was used for meta-analysis according to heterogeneity. We identified 22 eligible studies (5 prospective and 17 retrospective) comprising 16,072 patients. Concomitant medications included proton pump inhibitors (PPI) (n = 3959), antibiotics (n = 571), statins (n = 5466), renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) (n = 6615), and beta-blockers (n = 1964). Both concomitant PPI and antibiotics were significantly associated with worse OS in patients treated with ICI (PPI: HR: 1.22, P = .01, and antibiotics: HR: 2.09, P < .001). Concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blocker were significantly associated with improved OS in patients treated with TKI (statins: HR: 0.81, P = .03, RASi: HR: 0.63, P < .001, beta-blocker: HR: 0.69, P < .001, respectively). In patients treated with ICI, RASi was significantly associated with improved OS (HR: 0.64, P = .02). Concomitant use of antibiotics or PPI with ICI can reduce its oncologic efficacy. Conversely, concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blockers can enhance the oncologic efficacy of TKI. When initiating systemic therapy for metastatic RCC, it may be important for clinicians to assess baseline co-medications and recognize their possible positive or negative effects.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102237

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  • Partial versus Radical Nephrectomy for Small Renal Cancer: Comparative Propensity Score-Matching Analysis of Cardiovascular Event Risk.

    Risa Kubota, Kensuke Bekku, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Motoo Araki

    Acta medica Okayama   78 ( 6 )   429 - 437   2024.12

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    Although partial nephrectomy (PN) is preferred over radical nephrectomy (RN) for preserving renal function in patients with cT1 renal cancer, its impact on cardiovascular events (CVe) remains controversial. This study aimed to compare PN and RN in regard to the occurrence of CVe, including cerebrovascular events and exacerbation of hypertension (HT). We retrospectively analyzed 418 consecutive patients who underwent PN or RN for cT1 renal cancer. Propensity score-matching analysis was used to adjust for imbalances between patients who underwent PN and RN, leaving 102 patients in each group. The 5-year probability of cumulative CVe incidence was 6% in the PN group and 12% in the RN group (p=0.03), with a median follow-up of 73.5 months. The statistical significance was retained after propensity score matching for patients without preoperative proteinuria (p=0.03). For all CVe including cerebrovascular events and exacerbation of HT analyzed, PN provided a lower probability of occurrence than RN in patients with small renal cancers.

    DOI: 10.18926/AMO/67868

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  • First-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A propensity score-matched comparison of efficacy and safety. Reviewed International journal

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Keiichiro Mori, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Taizo Uchimoto, Takuya Tsujino, Kazuki Nishimura, Takahiro Adachi, Shingo Toyoda, Takuhisa Nukaya, Wataru Fukuokaya, Fumihiko Urabe, Masaya Murakami, Tomoaki Yamanoi, Kensuke Bekku, Kazumasa Komura, Kiyoshi Takahara, Takeshi Hashimoto, Kazutoshi Fujita, Haruhito Azuma, Yoshio Ohno, Ryoichi Shiroki, Hirotsugu Uemura, Motoo Araki, Takahiro Kimura

    Urologic oncology   42 ( 11 )   374.e21-374.e29   2024.11

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    PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapy is a standard systemic treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Although differential pharmacologic action between ICI+ICI and ICI+tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combinations may affect outcomes, comparative studies using real-world data are few. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 447 mRCC patients treated with 1st-line ICI-based combinations at multiple institutions between January 2018 and August 2023, and selected 320 patients diagnosed with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) for further study. Cohorts were matched using one-to-one propensity scores based on IMDC risk classification. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORRs), and treatment-related adverse events (TrAE) were compared. RESULTS: The matching process yielded 228 metastatic ccRCC patients treated with ICI+ICI (n = 114) or ICI+TKI (n = 114). Median OS was 53 months (95%CI: 33-NA) in patients treated with ICI+ICI and was not reached (95%CI: 43-NA) with ICI+TKI (P = 0.24). Median PFS was significantly shorter for ICI+ICI (13 months, 95%CI: 7-25) than for ICI+TKI (25 months, 95%CI: 13-NA) (P = 0.047). There were no differences in second-line PFS for sequential therapy after 1st-line combinations of ICI+ICI or ICI+TKI (6 vs. 8 months, P = 0.6). There were no differences in ORR between the 2 groups (ICI+ICI: 51% vs. ICI+TKI: 55%, P = 0.8); the progressive disease (PD) rate was significantly higher in patients treated with the ICI+ICI combination (24% vs. 11%, P = 0.029). The rate of any grade TrAE was significantly higher in patients treated with ICI+TKI (71% vs. 85%, P = 0.016), but we found no differences in severe TrAE between the 2 groups (39% vs. 36%, P = 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: In a matched cohort of real-world data, we confirmed comparable OS benefits between ICI+ICI and ICI+TKI combinations. However, differential clinical behaviors in terms of PFS, PD rates, and TrAE between ICI-based combinations may enrich clinical decision-making.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.06.013

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  • Oncological Outcomes of Active Surveillance versus Surgery or Ablation for Patients with Small Renal Masses: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis. International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Pawel Rajwa, Riccardo Campi, Marcin Miszczyk, Tamás Fazekas, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Robert J Schulz, Stefano Mancon, Anna Cadenar, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koichiro Wada, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Mesut Remzi, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    European urology oncology   2024.10

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    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: While active surveillance (AS) is an alternative to surgical interventions in patients with small renal masses (SRMs), evidence regarding its oncological efficacy is still debated. We aimed to evaluate oncological outcomes for patients with SRMs who underwent AS in comparison to surgical interventions. METHODS: In April 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for comparative studies evaluating AS in patients with SRMs (PROSPERO: CRD42024530299). The primary outcomes were overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). A random-effects model was used for quantitative analysis. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: We identified eight eligible studies (three prospective, four retrospective, and one study based on Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results [SEER] data) involving 4947 patients. Pooling of data with the SEER data set revealed significantly higher OS rates for patients receiving surgical interventions (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73; p = 0.007), especially partial nephrectomy (PN; HR 0.62; p < 0.001). However, in a sensitivity analysis excluding the SEER data set there was no significant difference in OS between AS and surgical interventions overall (HR 0.84; p = 0.3), but the PN subgroup had longer OS than the AS group (HR 0.6; p = 0.002). Only the study based on the SEER data set showed a significant difference in CSS. The main limitations include selection bias in retrospective studies, and classification of interventions in the SEER database study. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Patients treated with AS had similar OS to those who underwent surgery or ablation, although caution is needed in interpreting the data owing to the potential for selection bias and variability in AS protocols. Our review reinforces the need for personalized shared decision-making to identify patients with SRMs who are most likely to benefit from AS. PATIENT SUMMARY: For well-selected patients with a small kidney mass suspicious for cancer, active surveillance seems to be a safe alternative to surgery, with similar overall survival. However, the evidence is still limited and more studies are needed to help in identifying the best candidates for active surveillance.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2024.10.008

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  • The efficacy of adjuvant mitotane therapy and radiotherapy following adrenalectomy in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Stefano Mancon, Marcin Miszczyk, Robert J Schulz, Tamás Fazekas, Anna Cadenar, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koichiro Wada, Mesut Remzi, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Urologic oncology   2024.10

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    Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a high recurrence rate after surgical therapy with curative intent. Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and mitotane therapy have been proposed as options following the adrenalectomy. However, the efficacy of adjuvant RT or mitotane therapy remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant therapy in patients who underwent adrenalectomy for localised ACC. The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were queried on March 2024 for studies evaluating adjuvant therapies in patients treated with surgery for localized ACC (PROSPERO: CRD42024512849). The endpoints of interest were overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were pooled in a random-effects model meta-analysis. One randomized controlled trial (n = 91) and eleven retrospective studies (n = 4,515) were included. Adjuvant mitotane therapy was associated with improved RFS (HR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.44-0.92, p = 0.016), while adjuvant RT did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance (HR:0.79, 95%CI:0.58-1.06, p = 0.11). Conversely, Adjuvant RT was associated with improved OS (HR:0.69, 95%CI:0.58-0.83, p<0.001), whereas adjuvant mitotane did not (HR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.57-1.02, p = 0.07). In the subgroup analyses, adjuvant mitotane was associated with better OS (HR:0.46, 95%CI: 0.30-0.69, p < 0.001) and RFS (HR:0.56, 95%CI: 0.32-0.98, p = 0.04) in patients with negative surgical margin. Both adjuvant RT and mitotane were found to be associated with improved oncologic outcomes in patients treated with adrenalectomy for localised ACC. While adjuvant RT significantly improved OS in general population, mitotane appears as an especially promising treatment option in patients with negative surgical margin. These data can support the shared decision-making process, better understanding of the risks, benefits, and effectiveness of these therapies is still needed to guide tailored management of each individual patient.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.09.014

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  • Correction: Infection risk reduction with povidone-iodine rectal disinfection prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Reviewed International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koichiro Wada, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    World journal of urology   42 ( 1 )   522 - 522   2024.9

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  • First-line immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: an updated network meta-analysis including triplet therapy. Reviewed International journal

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Tatsushi Kawada, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Pawel Rajwa, Markus von Deimling, Marcin Chlosta, Fahad Quhal, Benjamin Pradere, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Keiichiro Mori, Takahiro Kimura, Shahrokh F Shariat, Manuela Schmidinger

    BJU international   134 ( 3 )   323 - 336   2024.9

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    OBJECTIVE: To compare the differential efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combined therapies among patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), as recently, the efficacy of triplet therapy comprising nivolumab plus ipilimumab plus cabozantinib has been published. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three databases were searched in December 2022 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) analysing oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC treated with first-line ICI-based combined therapies. We performed network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rates (ORRs), in patients with intermediate- and poor-risk mRCC; we also assessed treatment-related adverse events. RESULTS: Overall, seven RCTs were included in the meta-analyses and NMAs. Treatment ranking analysis revealed that pembrolizumab + lenvatinib (99%) had the highest likelihood of improved PFS, followed by nivolumab + cabozantinib (79%), and nivolumab + ipilimumab + cabozantinib (77%). Notably, compared to nivolumab + cabozantinib, adding ipilimumab to nivolumab + cabozantinib did not improve PFS (hazard ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.72-1.43). Regarding ORRs, treatment ranking analysis also revealed that pembrolizumab + lenvatinib had the highest likelihood of providing better ORRs (99.7%). The likelihoods of improved PFS and ORRs of pembrolizumab + lenvatinib were true in both International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses confirmed the robust efficacy of pembrolizumab + lenvatinib as first-line treatment for patients with intermediate or poor IMDC risk mRCC. Triplet therapy did not result in superior efficacy. Considering both toxicity and the lack of mature overall survival data, triplet therapy should only be considered in selected patients.

    DOI: 10.1111/bju.16336

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  • Differential effect of surgical technique on intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Reviewed International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Robert J Schulz, Anna Cadenar, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koichiro Wada, Paolo Gontero, Morgan Rouprêt, Jeremy Teoh, Nirmish Singla, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    World journal of urology   42 ( 1 )   488 - 488   2024.8

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    CONTEXT: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff resection is the standard treatment in patients with high-risk upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). However, it is unclear which specific surgical technique may lead to improve oncological outcomes in term of intravesical recurrence (IVR) in patients with UTUC. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical techniques and approaches of RNU in reducing IVR in UTUC patients. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Three databases were queried in January 2024 for studies analyzing UTUC patients who underwent RNU. The primary outcome of interest was the rate of IVR among various types of surgical techniques and approaches of RNU. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Thirty-one studies, comprising 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 prospective study, were included for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The rate of IVR was significantly lower in RNU patients who had an early ligation (EL) of the ureter compared to those who did not (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.94, p = 0.02). Laparoscopic RNU significantly increased the IVR compared to open RNU (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.54, p < 0.001). Intravesical bladder cuff removal significantly reduced the IVR compared to both extravesical and transurethral bladder cuff removal (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51-0.83, p = 0.02 and HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.34, p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EL of the affected upper tract system, ureteral management, open RNU, and intravesical bladder cuff removal seem to yield the lowest IVR rate in patients with UTUC. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to conclusively elucidate the optimal surgical technique in the setting of single post-operative intravesical chemotherapy.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-05185-w

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  • Comparing the Performance of Digital Rectal Examination and Prostate-specific Antigen as a Screening Test for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reviewed International journal

    Akihiro Matsukawa, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Kensuke Bekku, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Jakob Klemm, Sever Chiujdea, Keiichiro Mori, Shoji Kimura, Tamas Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Pawel Rajwa, Shahrokh F Shariat

    European urology oncology   7 ( 4 )   697 - 704   2024.8

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    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although digital rectal examination (DRE) is recommended in combination with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for detection of prostate cancer (PCa), there are limited data to support its use as a screening/early detection test. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic value of DRE in screening for early detection of PCa. METHODS: In August 2023, we queried the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify prospective studies simultaneously investigating the diagnostic performance of DRE and PSA for PCa screening. The primary endpoints were the positive predictive value (PPV) and cancer detection rate (CDR) of DRE. Secondary endpoints included the PPV and CDR of both PSA alone and in combination with DRE. We conducted meta-regression analysis to compare the CDR and PPV of different screening strategies. This meta-analysis is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023446940). KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: We identified eight studies involving 85,798 participants, of which three were randomized controlled trials and five were prospective diagnostic studies, that reported the PPV and CDR of both DRE and PSA for the same cohort. Our analysis revealed a pooled PPV of 0.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.33) for DRE, which is similar to the PPV of PSA (0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.30; p = 0.9), with no benefit from combining DRE and PSA (PPV 0.19, 95% CI 0.13-0.26; p = 0.5). However, the CDR of DRE (0.01, 95% CI: 0.01-0.02) was significantly lower than that of PSA (0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.03; p < 0.05) and the combination of DRE and PSA (0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.04; p < 0.05). The screening strategy combining DRE and PSA was not different to that of PSA alone in terms of CDR (p = 0.5) and PPV (p = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Our comprehensive review and meta-analysis indicates that both as an independent test and as a supplementary measure to PSA for PCa detection, DRE exhibits a notably low diagnostic value. The collective findings from the included studies suggest that, in the absence of clinical symptoms and signs, DRE could be potentially omitted from PCa screening and early detection strategies. PATIENT SUMMARY: Our review shows that the screening performance of digital rectal examination for detection of prostate cancer is not particularly impressive, suggesting that it might not be necessary to conduct this examination routinely.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.12.005

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  • Effect of Antacids on the Survival of Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Treated With Pembrolizumab. Reviewed International journal

    Takanori Sekito, Kensuke Bekku, Satoshi Katayama, Tomofumi Watanabe, Ichiro Tsuboi, Kasumi Yoshinaga, Yuki Maruyama, Tomoaki Yamanoi, Tatsushi Kawada, Yusuke Tominaga, Takuya Sadahira, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Norihiro Kusumi, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Kyohei Kurose, Takaharu Ichikawa, Yoshiyuki Miyaji, Koichiro Wada, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Motoo Araki

    Clinical genitourinary cancer   22 ( 4 )   102097 - 102097   2024.8

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    INTRODUCTION: Concomitant medications can affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The association between histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), major antacids similar to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and the efficacy of pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) treatment has been poorly evaluated. We evaluated the impact of PPIs and H2RAs on oncological outcomes in mUC patients treated with pembrolizumab. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with mUC treated with pembrolizumab. Patients prescribed PPIs or H2RAs within 30 days before and after the initial administration were extracted. The overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rates (ORR) were assessed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were employed to assess the association between PPIs or H2RAs and survival outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, 404 patients were eligible for this study; 121 patients (29.9%) used PPIs, and 34 (8.4%) used H2RAs. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly worse OS, CSS, and PFS in patients using PPIs compared to no PPIs (P = .010, .018, and .012, respectively). In multivariable analyses, the use of PPIs was a significant prognostic factor for worse OS (HR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.87, P = .011), CSS (HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.09-1.93, P = .011), and PFS (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.73, P = .020). PPIs were not associated with ORRs. The use of H2RAs was not associated with survival or ORRs. CONCLUSION: PPIs were significantly associated with worse survival of patients with mUC treated with pembrolizumab, and H2RAs could be an alternative during administration. Both the oncological and gastrointestinal implications should be carefully considered when switching these antacids.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102097

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  • Epirubicin and Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review. Reviewed International journal

    Sever Chiujdea, Matteo Ferro, Mihai Dorin Vartolomei, Giuseppe Lucarelli, Kensuke Bekku, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Ichiro Tsuboi, Tamas Fazekas, Stefano Mancon, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Journal of clinical medicine   13 ( 13 )   2024.6

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    (1) Background: Intravesical chemotherapy is the standard of care in intermediate-risk non-muscleinvasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Different agents are used across the world based on availability, cost, and practice patterns. Epirubicin (EPI), one of these agents, has been used by many centers over many decades. However, its true differential efficacy compared to other agents and its tolerability are still poorly reported. We aimed to assess the differential efficacy and safety of intravesical EPI in NMIBC patients. (2) Methods: This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety profile of Epirubicin (EPI) in the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) compared to other adjuvant therapies. A systematic search of the PUBMED, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases was conducted on 31 December 2023, using relevant terms related to EPI, bladder cancer, and NMIBC. The inclusion criteria targeted studies that evaluated patients treated with EPI following the transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) for NMIBC and compared oncological outcomes such as recurrence and progression with other adjuvant therapies, including Mitomycin C (MMC), Gemcitabine (GEM), and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Additionally, studies investigating the safety profile of EPI administered intravesically at room temperature and under hyperthermia, as well as oncological outcomes associated with hyperthermic intravesical EPI administration, were included. (3) Results: Eleven studies reported adverse events after adjuvant intravesical instillations with EPI; the most frequently reported adverse events included cystitis (34%), dysuria, pollakiuria, hematuria, bladder irritation/spasms, fever, nausea and vomiting, and generalized skin rash (2.3%). Nine studies compared EPI to BCG in terms of recurrence and progression rates; BCG instillations showed a lower recurrence rate compared to EPI, with limited or non-significant differences in progression rates. Two studies found no significant differences between EPI and MMC regarding progression and recurrence rates. One study showed statistically significant lower recurrence and progression rates with GEM in high-risk NMIBC patients. Another study found no significant differences between EPI and GEM regarding recurrence and progression. (4) Conclusions: EPI exhibits similar oncological performances to Gemcitabine and Mitomycin C currently used for adjuvant therapy in NMIBC. Novel delivery mechanisms such as hyperthermia are interesting newcomers.

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  • Current status and future perspectives on robot-assisted kidney autotransplantation: A literature review. Reviewed International journal

    Takanori Sekito, Tomoaki Yamanoi, Takuya Sadahira, Kasumi Yoshinaga, Yuki Maruyama, Yusuke Tominaga, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kensuke Bekku, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Motoo Araki

    International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association   31 ( 6 )   599 - 606   2024.6

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    This review presents the latest insights on robot-assisted kidney autotransplantation (RAKAT). RAKAT is a minimally invasive surgical procedure and represents a promising alternative to conventional laparoscopic nephrectomy followed by open kidney transplantation for the treatment of various complex urological and vascular conditions. RAKAT can be performed either extracorporeally or intracorporeally. Additionally, a single-port approach can be performed through one small incision without the need to reposition the patient. Of 86 patients undergoing RAKAT, 8 (9.3%) developed postoperative > Grade 2 Clavien-Dindo (CD) complications. Although the feasibility of RAKAT was established in 2014, the long-term efficacy and safety along with outcomes of this surgical approach are still being evaluated, and additional studies are needed. With improvements in the technology of RAKAT and as surgeons gain more experience, RAKAT should become increasingly used and further refined, thereby leading to improved surgical outcomes and improved patients' quality of life.

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  • Impact of disease volume on survival efficacy of triplet therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis. Reviewed

    Akihiro Matsukawa, Pawel Rajwa, Tatsushi Kawada, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Jakob Klemm, Benjamin Pradere, Keiichiro Mori, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Takahiro Kimura, Piotr Chlosta, Shahrokh F Shariat, Takafumi Yanagisawa

    International journal of clinical oncology   29 ( 6 )   716 - 725   2024.6

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    BACKGROUND: Triplet therapy, androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) plus docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), is a novel guideline-recommended treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the optimal selection of the patient most likely to benefit from triplet therapy remains unclear. METHODS: We performed a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis to assess the oncologic benefit of triplet therapy in mHSPC patients stratified by disease volume and compare them with doublet treatment regimens. Three databases and meeting abstracts were queried in March 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating patients treated with systemic therapy for mHSPC stratified by disease volume. Primary interests of measure were overall survival (OS). We followed the PRISMA guideline and AMSTAR2 checklist. RESULTS: Overall, eight RCTs were included for meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMAs). Triplet therapy outperformed docetaxel plus ADT in terms of OS in both patients with high-(pooled HR: 0.73, 95%CI 0.64-0.84) and low-volume mHSPC (pooled HR: 0.71, 95%CI 0.52-0.97). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with low- vs. high-volume in terms of OS benefit from adding ARSI to docetaxel plus ADT (p = 0.9). Analysis of treatment rankings showed that darolutamide plus docetaxel plus ADT (90%) had the highest likelihood of improved OS in patients with high-volume disease, while enzalutamide plus ADT (84%) had the highest in with low-volume disease. CONCLUSIONS: Triplet therapy improves OS in mHSPC patients compared to docetaxel-based doublet therapy, irrespective of disease volume. However, based on treatment ranking, triplet therapy should preferably be considered for patients with high-volume mHSPC while those with low-volume are likely to be adequately treated with ARSI + ADT.

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  • Adverse events of nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab plus cabozantinib: a real-world pharmacovigilance study. Reviewed International journal

    Yurie Oka, Jun Matsumoto, Tatsuaki Takeda, Naohiro Iwata, Takahiro Niimura, Aya Fukuma Ozaki, Kensuke Bekku, Hirofumi Hamano, Motoo Araki, Keisuke Ishizawa, Yoshito Zamami, Noritaka Ariyoshi

    International journal of clinical pharmacy   46 ( 3 )   745 - 750   2024.6

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    BACKGROUND: No head-to-head clinical trials have compared the differences in adverse events (AEs) between nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO-IPI) and nivolumab plus cabozantinib (NIVO-CABO) in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). AIM: We analysed the two largest real-world databases, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the World Health Organization's VigiBase, to elucidate the differences in AEs between NIVO-IPI and NIVO-CABO. METHOD: In total, 40,376 and 38,022 records were extracted from FAERS and VigiBase, and 193 AEs were analysed. The reporting odds ratios (ROR) with 95% confidence interval were calculated using a disproportionality analysis (NIVO-CABO/NIVO-IPI). RESULTS: The reported numbers of immune-related AEs, including myocarditis, colitis, and hepatitis, were significantly higher with NIVO-IPI (ROR = 0.18 for FAERS and 0.13 for VigiBase). Contrarily, the reported numbers of other AEs, including gastrointestinal disorders (ROR = 2.68 and 2.92) and skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (ROR = 2.94 and 3.55), considered to be potentiated by the combination of NIVO and CABO, were higher with NIVO-CABO. CONCLUSION: Our findings contribute to the selection and clinical management of NIVO-IPI and NIVO-CABO, which minimizes the risk of AEs for individual patients with mRCC by considering distinctive differences in the AE profiles.

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  • Nonsurgical Interventions to Prevent Disease Progression in Prostate Cancer Patients on Active Surveillance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reviewed International journal

    Akihiro Matsukawa, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Kensuke Bekku, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Jakob Klemm, Sever Chiujdea, Keiichiro Mori, Shoji Kimura, Jun Miki, Benjamin Pradere, Juan Gomez Rivas, Giorgio Gandaglia, Takahiro Kimura, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Guillaume Ploussard, Philip Cornford, Shahrokh F Shariat, Pawel Rajwa

    European urology oncology   7 ( 3 )   376 - 400   2024.6

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    CONTEXT: Active surveillance (AS) is a standard of care for patients with low-risk and selected intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Nevertheless, there is a lack of summary evidence on how to impact disease trajectory during AS. OBJECTIVE: To assess which interventions prevent PCa progression effectively during AS. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We queried PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify studies examining the impact of interventions aimed at slowing disease progression during AS. The primary endpoint was PCa progression, the definition of which must have included pathological upgrading. The secondary endpoint included treatment toxicities. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We identified 22 studies, six randomized controlled trials and 16 observational studies, which analyzed the association between different interventions and PCa progression during AS. The interventions considered in the studies included 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), statins, diet, exercise, chlormadinone, fexapotide triflutate (FT), enzalutamide, coffee, vitamin D3, and PROSTVAC. We found that administration of 5-ARIs was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio: 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.72), with no increased toxicity signals. Therapies such as vitamin D3, chlormadinone, FT, and enzalutamide have shown some efficacy. However, these anticancer drugs have been associated with treatment-related adverse events in up to 88% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The use of 5-ARIs in PCa patients on AS is associated with longer PFS. However, for the other interventions, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions based on the weak available evidence. PATIENT SUMMARY: Patients with prostate cancer managed with active surveillance (AS) who are treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors have a lower risk of disease progression, with minimal adverse events. Other interventions require more studies to determine their efficacy and safety profile in men on AS.

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  • Infection risk reduction with povidone-iodine rectal disinfection prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Reviewed International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Koichiro Wada, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    World journal of urology   42 ( 1 )   252 - 252   2024.4

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    BACKGROUND: To prevent infectious complications after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB), some studies have investigated the efficacy of rectal disinfection using povidone-iodine (PI) and antibiotic prophylaxis (AP). OBJECTIVE: To summarize available data and compare the efficacy of rectal disinfection using PI with non-PI methods prior to TRUS-PB. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Three databases were queried through November 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) analyzing patients who underwent TRUS-PB. We compared the effectiveness of rectal disinfection between PI groups and non-PI groups with or without AP. The primary outcomes of interest were the rates of overall infectious complications, fever, and sepsis. Subgroups analyses were conducted to assess the differential outcomes in patients using fluoroquinolone groups compared to those using other antibiotics groups. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We included ten RCTs in the meta-analyses. The overall rates of infectious complications were significantly lower when rectal disinfection with PI was performed (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42-0.74, p < 0.001). Compared to AP monotherapy, the combination of AP and PI was associated with significantly lower risk of infectious complications (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.40-0.73, p < 0.001) and fever (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.75, p = 0.001), but not with sepsis (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.23-1.04, p = 0.06). The use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics was associated with a lower risk of infectious complications and fever compared to non-FQ antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Rectal disinfection with PI significantly reduces the rates of infectious complications and fever in patients undergoing TRUS-PB. However, this approach does not show a significant impact on reducing the rate of sepsis following the procedure.

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  • Adjuvant intravesical therapy in intermediate-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Reviewed International journal

    Ekaterina Laukhtina, Paolo Gontero, Marko Babjuk, Marco Moschini, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Morgan Rouprêt, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Piotr Chlosta, Péter Nyirády, Mohammad Abufaraj, Francesco Soria, Jakob Klemm, Kensuke Bekku, Akihiro Matsukawa, Shahrokh F Shariat

    BJU international   2024.4

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    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of adjuvant therapy on oncological outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), as due to the poorly-defined and overlapping diagnostic criteria optimal decision-making remains challenging in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this multicentre study, patients treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour for Ta disease were retrospectively analysed. All patients with low- or high-risk NMIBC were excluded from the analysis. Associations between adjuvant therapy administration with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were assessed in Cox regression models. RESULTS: A total of 2206 patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC were included in the analysis. Among them, 1427 patients underwent adjuvant therapy, such as bacille Calmette-Guérin (n = 168), or chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitomycin C or epirubicin (n = 1259), in different regimens up to 1 year. The median (interquartile range) follow-up was 73.3 (38.4-106.9) months. The RFS at 1 and 5 years in patients treated with adjuvant therapy and those without were 72.6% vs 69.5% and 50.8% vs 41.3%, respectively. Adjuvant therapy was associated with better RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-0.89, P < 0.001), but not with PFS (P = 0.09). In the subgroup of patients aged ≤70 years with primary, single Ta Grade 2 <3 cm tumours (n = 328), adjuvant therapy was not associated with RFS (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.50-1.02, P = 0.06). While in the subgroup of patients with at least one risk factor including patient age >70 years, tumour multiplicity, recurrent tumour and tumour size ≥3 cm (n = 1878), adjuvant intravesical therapy was associated with improved RFS (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.88, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In our study, patients with intermediate-risk NMIBC benefit from adjuvant intravesical therapy in terms of RFS. However, in patients without risk factors, adjuvant intravesical therapy did not result in a clear reduction in the recurrence rate.

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  • A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Impact of Local Therapies on Local Event Suppression in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer. Reviewed International journal

    Ichiro Tsuboi, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Jakob Klemm, Stefano Mancon, Sever Chiujdea, Tamás Fazekas, Marcin Miszczyk, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Kensuke Bekku, Pierre Karakiewicz, Koichiro Wada, Morgan Rouprêt, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    European urology oncology   2024.4

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    CONTEXT: It remains unclear to what extent the therapy of the primary local tumor, such as radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiation therapy (RT), improves overall survival in patients with low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, data suggest a benefit of these therapies in preventing local events secondary to local tumor progression. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of adding local therapy (RP or RT) to systemic therapies, including androgen deprivation therapy, docetaxel, and/or androgen receptor axis-targeted agents, in preventing local events in mHSPC patients compared with systemic therapy alone (ie, without RT of the prostate or RP). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Three databases and meeting abstracts were queried in November 2023 for studies analyzing mHSPC patients treated with local therapy. The primary outcome of interest was the prevention of overall local events (urinary tract infection, urinary tract obstruction, and gross hematuria) due to local disease progression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the differential outcomes according to the type of local therapy (RP or RT). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Overall, six studies, comprising two randomized controlled trials, were included for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall incidence of local events was significantly lower in the local treatment plus systemic therapy group than in the systemic therapy only groups (relative risk [RR]: 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28-0.88, p = 0.016). RP significantly reduced the incidence of overall local events (RR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.11-0.52) and that of local events requiring surgical intervention (RR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03-0.25). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the RT plus systemic therapy and systemic therapy only groups in terms of overall local events, the incidence of local events requiring surgical intervention was significantly lower in the RT plus systemic therapy group (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.49-0.99); local events requiring surgical intervention of the upper urinary tract was significantly lower in local treatment groups (RR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.98, p = 0.04). However, a subgroup analysis revealed that neither RP nor RT significantly impacted the prevention of local events requiring surgical intervention of the upper urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: In some patients with mHSPC, RP or RT of primary tumor seems to reduce the incidence of local progression and events requiring surgical intervention. Identifying which patients are most likely to benefit from local therapy, and at what time point (eg, after response of metastases), will be necessary to set up a study assessing the risk, benefits, and alternatives to therapy of the primary tumor in the mHSPC setting. PATIENT SUMMARY: Our study suggests that local therapy of the prostate, such as radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer can prevent local events, such as urinary obstruction and gross hematuria.

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  • Trans men can achieve adequate muscular development through low-dose testosterone therapy: A long-term study on body composition changes. Reviewed International journal

    Yusuke Tominaga, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yuko Matsumoto, Takatoshi Moriwake, Yoshitaka Oshima, Misa Okumura, Satoshi Horii, Takuya Sadahira, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kensuke Bekku, Kohei Edamura, Morito Sugimoto, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Masami Watanabe, Yuzaburo Namba, Yosuke Matsumoto, Mikiya Nakatsuka, Motoo Araki

    Andrology   2024.4

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    BACKGROUND: Transgender individuals undergo the gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) to achieve physical changes consistent with their gender identity. Few studies are available on the long-term safety and efficacy of GAHT. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the long-term physical effects and the safety of the testosterone therapy for trans men and to assess the impact of differential hormone dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Trans men who initiated GAHT between May 2000 and December 2021 were included in this retrospective analysis. Physical findings (body mass index, body fat percentage (BFP), lean body mass (LBM), and grip strength), blood testing results (hemoglobin, hematocrit, uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and total testosterone), and menstrual cessation were recorded. We assessed the effects of testosterone on body composition changes and laboratory parameters, comparing a low-dose group (≤ 62.5 mg/wk) to a high-dose group (> 62.5 mg/wk). RESULTS: Of 291 participants, 188 patients (64.6%) were in the low-dose group and 103 (35.4%) in the high-dose group. Cumulative menstrual cessation rates up to 12 months were not significantly different between groups. Both groups showed a decrease in BFP and an increase in LBM during the first year of therapy, followed by a slight increase in both over the long term. The high-dose group exhibited greater LBM gains during the first year. Higher hormone doses and lower initial LBM values were associated with LBM increases at 3 and 6 months (3 mo, P = 0.006, P < 0.001; 6 mo, P = 0.015, P < 0.001). There were no long-term, dose-dependent side effects such as polycythemia or dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION: Long-term GAHT for trans men is safe and effective. Low-dose testosterone administration is sufficient to increase LBM in trans men. Higher testosterone doses can lead to an earlier increase in muscle mass.

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  • Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage II seminoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and oncological effectiveness. Reviewed International journal

    Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Vitaly Margulis, Aditya Bagrodia, Kensuke Bekku, Jakob Klemm, Akihiro Matsukawa, Arman Alimohammadi, Reza Sari Motlagh, Hadi Mostafaei, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Urologic oncology   42 ( 4 )   102 - 109   2024.4

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    To evaluate the oncological outcomes and safety of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with clinical stage (CS) II seminomatous testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). A literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted on July 2023 to identify relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The pooled recurrence rate and treatment-related complications were calculated using a random effects model. Overall 8 studies published between 1997 and 2023 including a total of 355 patients were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis with the overall median follow-up of 38 months. The overall and infield recurrence rate were 0.14 (95% CI: 0.08-0.22) and 0.04 (95% CI: 0.00-0.11), respectively. The overall pooled rate of ≥ Clavien Dindo grade III complications was 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10); there was no significant heterogeneity (I^2 = 35.10%, P = 0.19). Antegrade ejaculation was preserved with the overall pooled rate of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00); there was no significant heterogeneity on Chi-square and I2 tests (I^2 = 0.00%, P = 0.58). Primary RPLND is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with CS II seminomatous TGCT resulting highly promising cure rates combined with low treatment-associated adverse events, at medium-term follow-up. However, owing to the lack of comparative studies to the current standard of care and the limited follow-up, individual decision must be made with the informed patient in a shared decision process together with a multidisciplinary team.

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  • Updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with extended follow-up data. Reviewed International journal

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Keiichiro Mori, Akihiro Matsukawa, Tatsushi Kawada, Satoshi Katayama, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Pawel Rajwa, Fahad Quhal, Benjamin Pradere, Wataru Fukuokaya, Kosuke Iwatani, Masaya Murakami, Karim Bensalah, Viktor Grünwald, Manuela Schmidinger, Shahrokh F Shariat, Takahiro Kimura

    Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII   73 ( 2 )   38 - 38   2024.1

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    Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies are the recommended first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, no head-to-head phase-3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared the efficacy of different ICI-based combination therapies. Here, we compared the efficacy of various first-line ICI-based combination therapies in patients with mRCC using updated survival data from phase-3 RCTs. Three databases were searched in June 2023 for RCTs that analyzed oncologic outcomes in mRCC patients treated with ICI-based combination therapies as first-line treatment. A network meta-analysis compared outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and complete response (CR) rate. Subgroup analyses were based on the International mRCC Database Consortium risk classification. The treatment ranking analysis of the entire cohort showed that nivolumab + cabozantinib (81%) had the highest likelihood of improving OS, followed by nivolumab + ipilimumab (75%); pembrolizumab + lenvatinib had the highest likelihood of improving PFS (99%), ORR (97%), and CR (86%). These results remained valid even when the analysis was limited to patients with intermediate/poor risk, except that nivolumab + ipilimumab had the highest likelihood of achieving CR (100%). Further, OS benefits of ICI doublets were not inferior to those of ICI + tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations. Recommendation of combination therapies with ICIs and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors based on survival benefits and patient pretreatment risk classification will help advance personalized medicine for mRCC.

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  • Discontinuation of Immune-oncology Combinations due to Immune-related Adverse Events in Patients With Advanced Renal Cancers Reviewed

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  • The current status and novel advances of boron neutron capture therapy clinical trials. Reviewed International journal

    Tianyun Zhou, Kazuyo Igawa, Tomonari Kasai, Takuya Sadahira, Wei Wang, Tomofumi Watanabe, Kensuke Bekku, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Tadashi Hanafusa, Abai Xu, Motoo Araki, Hiroyuki Michiue, Peng Huang

    American journal of cancer research   14 ( 2 )   429 - 447   2024

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    Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a treatment method that focuses on improving the cure rate of patients with cancer who are difficult to treat using traditional clinical methods. By utilizing the high neutron absorption cross-section of boron, material rich in boron inside tumor cells can absorb neutrons and release high-energy ions, thereby destroying tumor cells. Owing to the short range of alpha particles, this method can precisely target tumor cells while minimizing the inflicted damage to the surrounding normal tissues, making it a potentially advantageous method for treating tumors. Globally, institutions have progressed in registered clinical trials of BNCT for multiple body parts. This review summarized the current achievements in registered clinical trials, Investigator-initiated clinical trials, aimed to integrate the latest clinical research literature on BNCT and to shed light on future study directions.

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  • Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Narrative Review of Current Surveillance Strategies for Non-Metastatic Disease. Reviewed International journal

    Jakob Klemm, Kensuke Bekku, Mohammad Abufaraj, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Akihiro Matsukawa, Mehdi Kardoust Parizi, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Cancers   16 ( 1 )   2023.12

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    Non-metastatic upper urinary tract carcinoma (UTUC) is a comparatively rare condition, typically managed with either kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) or radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Irrespective of the chosen therapeutic modality, patients with UTUC remain at risk of recurrence in the bladder; in patients treated with KSS, the risk of recurrence is high in the remnant ipsilateral upper tract system but there is a low but existent risk in the contralateral system as well as in the chest and in the abdomen/pelvis. For patients treated with RNU for high-risk UTUC, the risk of recurrence in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, as well as the contralateral UT, depends on the tumor stage, grade, and nodal status. Hence, implementing a risk-stratified, location-specific follow-up is indicated to ensure timely detection of cancer recurrence. However, there are no data on the type and frequency/schedule of follow-up or on the impact of the recurrence type and site on outcomes; indeed, it is not well known whether imaging-detected asymptomatic recurrences confer a better outcome than recurrences detected due to symptoms/signs. Novel imaging techniques and more precise risk stratification methods based on time-dependent probabilistic events hold significant promise for making a cost-efficient individualized, patient-centered, outcomes-oriented follow-up strategy possible. We show and discuss the follow-up protocols of the major urologic societies.

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  • The Diagnosis and Treatment Approach for Oligo-Recurrent and Oligo-Progressive Renal Cell Carcinoma Invited Reviewed

    Kensuke Bekku, Tatsushi Kawada, Takanori Sekito, Kasumi Yoshinaga, Yuki Maruyama, Tomoaki Yamanoi, Yusuke Tominaga, Takuya Sadahira, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Motoo Araki, Yuzuru Niibe

    Cancers   2023.12

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    DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245873

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  • Geriatric nutritional risk index as a prognostic marker of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective multi-center study

    Shogo Watari, Satoshi Katayama, Hiromasa Shiraishi, Moto Tokunaga, Risa Kubota, Norihiro Kusumi, Takaharu Ichikawa, Tomoyasu Tsushima, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, Kensuke Bekku, Motoo Araki

    Discover Oncology   2023.11

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  • Tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitor doublet for advanced renal cell carcinoma patients with pre‐dialysis chronic kidney disease or end‐stage renal disease Reviewed

    Kensuke Bekku, Naoya Nagasaki, Ichiro Tsuboi, Atsushi Takamoto, Satoshi Katayama, Motoo Araki

    International Journal of Urology   2023.10

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    Authorship:Lead author   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1111/iju.15221

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  • Association Between Age and Efficacy of First-Line Immunotherapy-Based Combination Therapies for Mrcc: A Meta-Analysis

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Fahad Quhal, Tatsushi Kawada, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Pawel Rajwa, Markus von Deimling, Marcin Chlosta, Benjamin Pradere, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Keiichiro Mori, Takahiro Kimura, Manuela Schmidinger, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Immunotherapy   2023.10

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0039

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  • Low-Dose or -Number of BCG in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    Tatsushi Kawada, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Markus von Deimling, Mohammed Majdoub, Marcin Chlosta, Benjamin Pradere, Marko Babjuk, Paolo Gontero, Marco Moschini, Motoo Araki, Shahrokh F Shariat

    Immunotherapy   2023.8

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0309

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  • A case of mucosal‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the urachus

    Kazuma Tsuboi, Kensuke Bekku, Kohei Haisa, Yuta Kajihara, Takuji Tsugawa, Yosuke Inoue, Tomoko Sako, Wataru Murao, Shin Ebara

    IJU Case Reports   2023.7

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12599

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  • Neoadjuvant Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors before Radical Prostatectomy for Non-Metastatic Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Pawel Rajwa, Fahad Quhal, Tatsushi Kawada, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Markus von Deimling, Marcin Chlosta, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Takahiro Kimura, Shahrokh F. Shariat

    Journal of Personalized Medicine   2023.4

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040641

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  • Role of lymphadenectomy during primary surgery for kidney cancer. Reviewed

    2023.4

  • An Updated Systematic and Comprehensive Review of Cytoreductive Prostatectomy for Metastatic Prostate Cancer

    Takafumi Yanagisawa, Pawel Rajwa, Tatsushi Kawada, Kensuke Bekku, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Markus von Deimling, Muhammad Majdoub, Marcin Chlosta, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Axel Heidenreich, Takahiro Kimura, Shahrokh F. Shariat

    Current Oncology   2023.2

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020170

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  • ノモグラムを用いたロボット支援腹腔鏡下前立腺全摘除術における骨盤内拡大リンパ節郭清適応の妥当性についての検討 Reviewed

    2022.9

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    Authorship:Lead author  

    DOI: 10.11302/jserjje.35.2_290

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  • Molecular-targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma As First-line Therapy: A Single Institution 13-year Experience Reviewed

    2022.8

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    Authorship:Lead author  

    DOI: 10.18926/AMO/63906.

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Class subject in charge

  • Introduction to Clinical Medicine and Dentistry (2024academic year) Concentration  - その他