Updated on 2025/11/02

写真a

 
URAKAWA Satoru
 
Organization
Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Professor
Position
Professor
External link

Degree

  • 理学博士 ( 名古屋大学 )

Research Interests

  • 地球科学

  • Earth Sciences

Research Areas

  • Natural Science / Solid earth sciences

Professional Memberships

 

Papers

  • Wetting property of Fe‐S melt in solid core: Implication for the core crystallization process in planetesimals Reviewed

    Shiori Matsubara, Hidenori Terasaki, Takashi Yoshino, Satoru Urakawa, Daisuke Yumitori

    Meteoritics & Planetary Science   2024.3

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Wiley  

    Abstract

    In differentiated planetesimals, the liquid core starts to crystallize during secular cooling, followed by the separation of liquid–solid phases in the core. The wetting property between liquid and solid iron alloys determines whether the core melts are trapped in the solid core or they can separate from the solid core during core crystallization. In this study, we performed high‐pressure experiments under the conditions of the interior of small bodies (0.5–3.0 GPa) to study the wetting property (dihedral angle) between solid Fe and liquid Fe‐S as a function of pressure and duration. The measured dihedral angles are approximately constant after 2 h and decrease with increasing pressure. The dihedral angles range from 30° to 48°, which are below the percolation threshold of 60° at 0.5–3.0 GPa. The oxygen content in the melt decreases with increasing pressure and there are strong positive correlations between the S + O or O content and the dihedral angle. Therefore, the change in the dihedral angle is likely controlled by the O content of the Fe‐S melt, and the dihedral angle tends to decrease with decreasing O content in the Fe‐S melt. Consequently, the Fe‐S melt can form interconnected networks in the solid core. In the obtained range of the dihedral angle, a certain amount of the Fe‐S melt can stably coexist with solid Fe, which would correspond to the “trapped melt” in iron meteorites. Excess amounts of the melt would migrate from the solid core over a long period of core crystallization in planetesimals.

    DOI: 10.1111/maps.14149

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  • Density Measurements of Fe-Ni-S Liquids at High Pressure Reviewed

    Satoru Urakawa, Hidenori Terasaki, Syun-pachi Kishimoto, Naonori Inoue, Yuta Shimoyama, Yusaku Takubo, Akihiko Machida

    SPring-8/SACLA Research Report   11   218 - 220   2023.8

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    Authorship:Lead author, Corresponding author   Language:English  

    DOI: 10.18957/rr.11.4.218

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  • Sound velocity and elastic properties of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquid: the effects of pressure and multiple light elements Reviewed

    Iori Yamada, Hidenori Terasaki, Satoru Urakawa, Tadashi Kondo, Akihiko Machida, Yoshinori Tange, Yuji Higo

    Physics and Chemistry of Minerals   50 ( 3 )   2023.7

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

    Abstract

    Fe–Ni–S–Si alloy is considered to be one of the plausible candidates of Mercury core material. Elastic properties of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquid are important to reveal the density profile of the Mercury core. In this study, we measured the P-wave velocity (VP) of Fe–Ni–S–Si (Fe73Ni10S10Si7, Fe72Ni10S5Si13, and Fe67Ni10S10Si13) liquids up to 17 GPa and 2000 K to study the effects of pressure, temperature, and multiple light elements (S and Si) on the VP and elastic properties.

    The VP of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquids are less sensitive to temperature. The effect of pressure on the VP are close to that of liquid Fe and smaller than those of Fe–Ni–S and Fe–Ni–Si liquids. Obtained elastic properties are KS0 = 99.1(9.4) GPa, KS’ = 3.8(0.1) and ρ0 =6.48 g/cm3 for S-rich Fe73Ni10S10Si7 liquid and KS0 = 112.1(1.5) GPa, KS’ = 4.0(0.1) and ρ0=6.64 g/cm3 for Si-rich Fe72Ni10S5Si13 liquid. The VP of Fe–Ni–S–Si liquids locate in between those of Fe–Ni–S and Fe–Ni–Si liquids. This suggests that the effect of multiple light element (S and Si) on the VP is suppressed and cancel out the effects of single light elements (S and Si) on the VP. The effect of composition on the EOS in the Fe–Ni–S–Si system is indispensable to estimate the core composition combined with the geodesy data of upcoming Mercury mission.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00269-023-01243-8

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    Other Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00269-023-01243-8/fulltext.html

  • Structure of sodium silicate water glass—X-ray scattering experiments and force-field molecular dynamics simulations Reviewed

    Fumiya Noritake, Tomoko Sato, Akane Yamamoto, Daisuke Wakabayashi, Satoru Urakawa, Nobumasa Funamori

    Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids   579   121370 - 121370   2022.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Elsevier {BV}  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121370

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  • Density and elastic properties of liquid gallium up to 10 GPa using X-ray absorption method combined with externally heated diamond anvil cell Reviewed

    Ryo Tsuruoka, Hidenori Terasaki, Seiji Kamada, Fumiya Maeda, Tadashi Kondo, Naohisa Hirao, Saori I. Kawaguchi, Iori Yamada, Satoru Urakawa, Akihiko Machida

    High Pressure Research   41 ( 4 )   379 - 391   2021.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1080/08957959.2021.1998478

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  • X-ray and Neutron Study on the Structure of Hydrous SiO2 Glass up to 10 GPa Reviewed

    Satoru Urakawa, Toru Inoue, Takanori Hattori, Asami Sano-Furukawa, Shinji Kohara, Daisuke Wakabayashi, Tomoko Sato, Nobumasa Funamori, Ken-ichi Funakoshi

    Minerals   10 ( 1 )   84 - 84   2020.1

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    Authorship:Lead author, Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:MDPI AG  

    DOI: 10.3390/min10010084

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  • Sound velocity and density of liquid Ni68S32 under pressure using ultrasonic and X-ray absorption with tomography methods Reviewed

    H. Terasaki, K. Nishida, S. Urakawa, Y. Takubo, S. Kuwabara, Y. Shimoyama, K. Uesugi, Y. Kono, A. Takeuchi, Y. Suzuki, Y. Higo, T. Kondo

    Comptes Rendus Geoscience,   351 ( 2-3 )   163 - 170   2019

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.crte.2018.04.005

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  • Pressure and composition effects on sound velocity and density of core-forming liquids: Implication to core compositions of terrestrial planets Reviewed

    H. Terasaki, A. Rivoldini, Y. Shimoyama, K. Nishida, S. Urakawa, M. Maki, F. Kurokawa, Y. Takubo, Y. Shibazaki, T. Sakamaki, A. Machida, Y. Higo, K. Uesugi, A. Takeuchi, T. Watanuki, T. Kondo

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets   124 ( 8 )   2272 - 2293   2019

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1029/2019JE005936

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  • Phase relationships of the system Fe-Ni-S and structure of the high-pressure phase of (Fe1-xNix)(3)S-2 Reviewed

    Satoru Urakawa, Ryota Kamuro, Akio Suzuki, Takumi Kikegawa

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   277   30 - 37   2018.4

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    Authorship:Lead author, Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2018.01.007

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  • Metal-silicate separation process in the planetary interior Reviewed

    S. Kishimoto, S. Urakawa, H. Terasaki, S. Kuwahara, K. Nishida, T. Sakamaki, A. Takeuchi, K. Uesugi

    SPring-8 / SACRA Research Report   6   208 - 211   2018

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    Authorship:Corresponding author   Language:English  

    DOI: 10.18957/rr.6.2.208

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  • Thermoelastic properties of liquid Fe-C revealed by sound velocity and density measurements at high pressure Reviewed

    Yuta Shimoyama, Hidenori Terasaki, Satoru Urakawa, Yusaku Takubo, Soma Kuwabara, Shunpachi Kishimoto, Tetsu Watanuki, Akihiko Machida, Yoshinori Katayama, Tadashi Kondo

    JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH   121 ( 11 )   7984 - 7995   2016.11

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1002/2016JB012968

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  • Sound velocity and elastic properties of Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-C liquids at high pressure Reviewed

    Soma Kuwabara, Hidenori Terasaki, Keisuke Nishida, Yuta Shimoyama, Yusaku Takubo, Yuji Higo, Yuki Shibazaki, Satoru Urakawa, Kentaro Uesugi, Akihisa Takeuchi, Tadashi Kondo

    PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS   43 ( 3 )   229 - 236   2016.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1007/s00269-015-0789-y

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  • Density and themoelastic properties of liquid Fe-FeO at high pressure Reviewed

    Y. Takubo, H. Terasaki, Y. Shimoyama, S. Kuwabara, S. Urakawa, T. Kondo, A. Suzuki, K. Nishida, E. Ohtani, T. Watanuki, Y. Katayama

    SPring-8 / SACRA Research Report   4   53 - 57   2016

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  • Density measurement of Fe-Ni-S liquid using X-ray micro-CT at high pressures Reviewed

    S. Urakawa, A. Nakatsuka, H. Terasaki, K. Uesugi

    SPring-8 / SACRA Research Report   3   306 - 310   2015

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  • In situ observation of 3-D fine texture of Fe-Ni-S melt in olivine under high pressure and temperature using X-ray micro-CT Reviewed

    S. Urakawa, H. Terasaki, K. Uesugi

    SPring-8 / SACRA Research Report   3   311 - 314   2015

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  • Ponded melt at the boundary between the lithosphere and asthenosphere Reviewed

    Tatsuya Sakamaki, Akio Suzuki, Eiji Ohtani, Hidenori Terasaki, Satoru Urakawa, Yoshinori Katayama, Ken-ichi Funakoshi, Yanbin Wang, John W. Hernlund, Maxim D. Ballmer

    NATURE GEOSCIENCE   6 ( 12 )   1041 - 1044   2013.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1982

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  • Density of Fe-3.5 wt% C liquid at high pressure and temperature and the effect of carbon on the density of the molten iron Reviewed

    Yuta Shimoyama, Hidenori Terasaki, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Yusaku Takubo, Keisuke Nishida, Akio Suzuki, Yoshinori Katayama

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   224   77 - 82   2013.11

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2013.08.003

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  • Interfacial tension of Fe-Si liquid at high pressure: Implications for liquid Fe-alloy droplet size in magma oceans Reviewed

    Hidenori Terasaki, Satoru Urakawa, David C. Rubie, Ken-ichi Funakoshi, Tatsuya Sakamaki, Yuki Shibazaki, Shin Ozawa, Eiji Ohtani

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   202   1 - 6   2012.8

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2012.05.002

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  • In situ X-ray diffraction study on pressure-induced structural changes in hydrous forsterite and enstatite melts Reviewed

    Akihiro Yamada, Toru Inoue, Satoru Urakawa, Ken-ichi Funakoshi, Nobumasa Funamori, Takumi Kikegawa, Tetsuo Irifune

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   308 ( 1-2 )   115 - 123   2011.8

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.036

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  • Density measurement of liquid FeS at high pressures using synchrotron X-ray absorption Reviewed

    Keisuke Nishida, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Akio Suzuki, Tatsuya Sakamaki, Hidenori Terasaki, Yoshinori Katayama

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   96 ( 5-6 )   864 - 868   2011.5

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    DOI: 10.2138/am.2011.3616

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  • Density of carbonated peridotite magma at high pressure using an X-ray absorption method Reviewed

    Tatsuya Sakamaki, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Hidenori Terasaki, Yoshinori Katayama

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   96 ( 4 )   553 - 557   2011.4

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    DOI: 10.2138/am.2011.3577

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  • Stability and bulk modulus of Ni3S, a new nickel sulfur compound, and the melting relations of the system Ni-NiS up to 10 GPa Reviewed

    Satoru Urakawa, Ryosuke Matsubara, Tomoo Katsura, Tohru Watanabe, Takumi Kikegawa

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   96 ( 4 )   558 - 565   2011.4

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    DOI: 10.2138/am.2011.3578

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  • Density of high-Ti basalt magma at high pressure and origin of heterogeneities in the lunar mantle Reviewed

    Tatsuya Sakamaki, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Akio Suzuki, Yoshinori Katayama, Dapeng Zhao

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   299 ( 3-4 )   285 - 289   2010.11

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.09.007

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  • Density of dry peridotite magma at high pressure using an X-ray absorption method Reviewed

    Tatsuya Sakamaki, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Akio Suzuki, Yoshinori Katayama

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   95 ( 1 )   144 - 147   2010.1

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    DOI: 10.2138/am.2010.3143

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  • Development of high pressure apparatus for X-ray microtomography at SPring-8 Reviewed

    S. Urakawa, H. P. Terasaki, K. Funakoshi, K. Uesugi, S. Yamamoto

    INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PRESSURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, JOINT AIRAPT-22 AND HPCJ-50   215   012026   2010

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    DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/215/1/012026

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  • Measurement of hydrous peridotite magma density at high pressure using the X-ray absorption method Reviewed

    Tatsuya Sakamaki, Eiji Ohtani, Satoru Urakawa, Akio Suzuki, Yoshinori Katayama

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   287 ( 3-4 )   293 - 297   2009.10

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.030

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  • In situ measurement of interfacial tension of Fe-S and Fe-P liquids under high pressure using X-ray radiography and tomography techniques Reviewed

    H. Terasaki, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi, N. Nishiyama, Y. Wang, K. Nishida, T. Sakamaki, A. Suzuki, E. Ohtani

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   174 ( 1-4 )   220 - 226   2009.5

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2009.01.004

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  • Interfacial tension measurement of Ni-S liquid using high-pressure X-ray micro-tomography Reviewed

    Hidenori Terasaki, Satoru Urakawa, Ken-ichi Funakoshi, Yanbin Wang, Yuki Shibazaki, Takeshi Sanehira, Yasuhiro Ueda, Eiji Ohtani

    HIGH PRESSURE RESEARCH   28 ( 3 )   327 - 334   2008

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1080/08957950802208902

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  • In situ X-ray experiment on the structure of hydrous Mg-silicate melt under high pressure and high temperature Reviewed

    Akihiro Yamada, Toru Inoue, Satoru Urakawa, Ken-ichi Funakoshi, Nobumasa Funamori, Takumi Kikegawa, Hiroaki Ohfuji, Tetsuo Irifune

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS   34 ( 10 )   10.1029/2006GL028823   2007.5

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    DOI: 10.1029/2006GL028823

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  • Viscosity and density measurements of melts and glasses at high pressure and temperature by using the multi-anvil apparatus and synchrotron X-ray radiation Reviewed

    E. Ohtani, A. Suzuki, R. Ando, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi, Y. Katayama

    Advances in High-Pressure Technology for Geophysical Applications   195 - 209   2005.12

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  • Phase relationships and equations of state for FeS at high pressures and temperatures and implications for the internal structure of Mars Reviewed

    S Urakawa, K Someya, H Terasaki, T Katsura, S Yokoshi, KI Funakoshi, W Utsumi, Y Katayama, YI Sueda, T Irifune

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   143   469 - 479   2004.6

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2003.12.015

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  • Viscosity of liquid sulfur under high pressure Reviewed

    H Terasaki, T Kato, K Funakoshi, A Suzuki, S Urakawa

    JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER   16 ( 10 )   1707 - 1714   2004.3

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    DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/16/10/003

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  • Post-spinel transition in Mg2SiO4 determined by high P-T in situ X-ray diffractometry Reviewed

    T Katsura, H Yamada, T Shinmei, A Kubo, S Ono, M Kanzaki, A Yoneda, MJ Walter, E Ito, S Urakawa, K Funakoshi, W Utsumi

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   136 ( 1-2 )   11 - 24   2003.4

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    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00019-0

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  • In situ density measurement of basaltic glass at high pressure

    Satoru Urakawa

    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta   2003

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  • The structure of jadeite composition melt at high pressure

    Satoru Urakawa

    Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta   2003

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  • High-pressure phase relationships for FeS Reviewed

    S Urakawa, M Hasegawa, Y Yamakawa, KI Funakoshi, W Utsumi

    HIGH PRESSURE RESEARCH   22 ( 2 )   491 - 494   2002.5

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    DOI: 10.1080/08957950290006866

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  • Viscosity change and structural transition of Molten Fe at 5 GPa Reviewed

    H Terasaki, T Kato, S Urakawa, K Funakoshi, K Sato, A Suzuki, T Okada

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS   29 ( 8 )   2002.4

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    DOI: 10.1029/2001GL014321

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  • Mechanisms and kinetics of the post-spinel transformation in Mg2SiO4 Reviewed

    T Kubo, E Ohtani, T Kato, S Urakawa, A Suzuki, Y Kanbe, KI Funakoshi, W Utsumi, T Kikegawa, K Fujino

    PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS   129 ( 1-2 )   153 - 171   2002.1

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    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(01)00270-9

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  • The effect of temperature, pressure, and sulfur content on viscosity of the Fe-FeS melt Reviewed

    H Terasaki, T Kato, S Urakawa, K Funakoshi, A Suzuki, T Okada, M Maeda, J Sato, T Kubo, S Kasai

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   190 ( 1-2 )   93 - 101   2001.7

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    DOI: 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00374-0

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  • Radiographic study on the viscosity of the Fe-FeS melts at the pressure of 5 to 7 GPa Reviewed

    S Urakawa, H Terasaki, K Funakoshi, T Kato, A Suzuki

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   86 ( 4 )   578 - 582   2001.4

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  • In situ observation of ilmenite-perovskite phase transition in MgSiO3 using synchrotron radiation Reviewed

    S Ono, T Katsura, E Ito, M Kanzaki, A Yoneda, MJ Walter, S Urakawa, W Utsumi, K Funakoshi

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS   28 ( 5 )   835 - 838   2001.3

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    DOI: 10.1029/1999GL008446

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  • High Pressure High Temperature Experiments Using Multi-Anvil Device -Method and Facility

    Wataru Utsumi, Ken Ichi Funakoshi, Naoto Yagi, Satoru Urakawa, Osamu Ohtaka, Tomoo Katsura, Tetsuo Irifune, Toru Inoue, Takeyuki Uchida

    Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences   30 ( 2 )   100 - 101   2001.1

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences  

    DOI: 10.2465/gkk.30.100

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  • Thermoelastic properties of the high-pressure phase of SnO2 determined by in situ X-ray observations up to 30 GPa and 1400 K Reviewed

    S Ono, E Ito, T Katsura, A Yoneda, MJ Walter, S Urakawa, W Utsumi, K Funakoshi

    PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS   27 ( 9 )   618 - 622   2000.11

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1007/s002690000108

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  • Formation of metastable assemblages and mechanisms of the grain-size reduction in the postspinel transformation of Mg2SiO4 Reviewed

    T Kubo, E Ohtani, T Kato, S Urakawa, A Suzuki, Y Kanbe, K Funakoshi, W Utsumi, K Fujino

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS   27 ( 6 )   807 - 810   2000.3

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    DOI: 10.1029/1999GL008430

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  • High-pressure X-ray diffraction study on the structure of NaCl melt using synchrotron radiation Reviewed

    S Urakawa, N Igawa, O Shimomura, H Ohno

    AMERICAN MINERALOGIST   84 ( 3 )   341 - 344   1999.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.2138/am-1999-0317

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  • The postspinel phase boundary in Mg<inf>2</inf>SiO<inf>4</inf> determined by in situ X-ray diffraction Reviewed

    Tetsuo Irifune, Norimasa Nishiyama, Koji Kuroda, Toru Inoue, Maiko Isshiki, Wataru Utsumi, Ken Ichi Funakoshi, Satoru Urakawa, Takeyuki Uchida, Tomoo Katsura, Osamu Ohtaka

    Science   279 ( 5357 )   1698 - 1700   1998.3

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    DOI: 10.1126/science.279.5357.1698

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  • Structure of Molten Iron Sulfide under Pressure Reviewed

    S. Urakawa, N. Igawa, K. Kusaba, H. Olmo, O. Shimomura

    Review of High Pressure Science and Technology/Koatsuryoku No Kagaku To Gijutsu   7   286 - 288   1998

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.4131/jshpreview.7.286

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  • X ray diffraction analysis of molten KCl and KBr under pressure: Pressure-induced structural transition in melt Reviewed

    S Urakawa, N Igawa, O Shimomura, H Ohno

    PROPERTIES OF EARTH AND PLANETARY MATERIALS AT HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE   101   241 - 248   1998

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    DOI: 10.1029/GM101p0241

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  • X ray diffraction measurements in a double-stage multianvil apparatus using ADC anvils

    T. Irifune, K. Kuroda, N. Nishiyama, T. Inoue, N. Funamori, T. Uchida, T. Yag, W. Utsumi, N. Miyajima, K. Fujino, S. Urakawa, T. Kikegawa, O. Shimomura

    Geophysical Monograph Series   101   1 - 8   1998

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    Publisher:American Geophysical Union  

    DOI: 10.1029/gm101p0001

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  • In-situ measurement of viscosity and density of carbonate melts at high pressure Reviewed

    DP Dobson, AP Jones, R Rabe, T Sekine, K Kurita, T Taniguchi, T Kondo, T Kato, O Shimomura, S Urakawa

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   143 ( 1-4 )   207 - 215   1996.9

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00139-2

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  • Pressure-induced structure change of molten KCl Reviewed

    S Urakawa, N Igawa, N Umesaki, K Igarashi, O Shimomura, H Ohno

    HIGH PRESSURE RESEARCH   14 ( 4-6 )   375 - 382   1996

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  • SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION STUDY ON THE HIGH-PRESSURE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE-RELATIONS OF KALSI3O8 Reviewed

    S URAKAWA, T KONDO, N IGAWA, O SHIMOMURA, H OHNO

    PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS   21 ( 6 )   387 - 391   1994.10

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  • THE PHASE-BOUNDARY BETWEEN ALPHA-MG2SIO4 AND BETA-MG2SIO4 DETERMINED BY IN-SITU X-RAY-OBSERVATION Reviewed

    H MORISHIMA, T KATO, M SUTO, E OHTANI, S URAKAWA, W UTSUMI, O SHIMOMURA, T KIKEGAWA

    SCIENCE   265 ( 5176 )   1202 - 1203   1994.8

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    DOI: 10.1126/science.265.5176.1202

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  • SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION STUDY ON THE PHASE-RELATIONS OF KA1SI3O8 Reviewed

    S URAKAWA, H OHNO, N IGAWA, T KONDO, O SHIMOMURA

    HIGH-PRESSURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - 1993, PTS 1 AND 2   803 - 806   1994

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  • PARTITIONING OF NI BETWEEN MAGNESIOWUSTITE AND METAL AT HIGH-PRESSURE - IMPLICATIONS FOR CORE MANTLE EQUILIBRIUM Reviewed

    S URAKAWA

    EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS   105 ( 1-3 )   293 - 313   1991.7

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  • STABILITY OF (MG,FE)14SI5O24 AT 17 GPA AND 1800-DEGREES-C AND ITS PARTITIONING BEHAVIOR OF TRANSITION-ELEMENTS Reviewed

    S URAKAWA, M KATO

    GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS   17 ( 13 )   2457 - 2460   1990.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1029/GL017i013p02457

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  • Experimental study on the phase relations in the system Fe-Ni-O-S up to 15 GPa

    S. Urakawa, M. Kato, M. Kumazawa

    High‐Pressure Research in Mineral Physics: A Volume in Honor of Syun‐iti Akimoto   95 - 111   1987

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    Publisher:American Geophysical Union  

    DOI: 10.1029/gm039p0095

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Books

  • Advances in High-Pressure Technology for Geophysical Applications

    Elsevier  2005 

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  • X-ray diffraction analysis of molten KCl and KBr under pressure : Pressure-induced structural transition in melt

    Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials at High Pressure and Temperature  1998 

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  • X-ray diffraction measurements in a double-stage mnltianvil apparatus using ADC anvils

    Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials at High Pressure and Temperature  1998 

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  • Experimental Study on the Phase Relations in the System Fe-Ni-O-S up to 15 GPa

    High-Pressure Research in Mineral Physics  1987 

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MISC

  • Structure of hydrous SiO_2 glass under pressure

    URAKAWA S., KOHARA S., FUNAKOSHI K., MIBE K., KIKEGAWA T.

    2012   138 - 138   2012.9

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  • 3-D distribution of Fe-Ni-S melts under high pressure and temperature

    TERASAKI Hidenori, URAKAWA Satoru, NAKATSUKA Asumi, FUNAKOSHI Ken-ichi, UESUGI Kentaro, OHTANI Eiji

    51   300 - 300   2010.10

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  • Density and structure of molten iron under pressure

    URAKAWA Satoru, NAKATSUKA Asumi, TERASAKI Hidenori, NISHIDA Keisuke, TATEYAMA Ryuji, OHTANI Eiji, KATAYAMA Yoshinori

    51   32 - 32   2010.10

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  • Partitioning of siderophile elements between metallic melt and silicate melt at high pressure and temperature

    NAKATSUKA Asumi, URAKAWA Satoru

    51   107 - 107   2010.10

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  • 22pXQ-3 Pressure-induced structural change in silicate melts

    Urakawa Satoru

    Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   62 ( 2 )   822 - 822   2007.8

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  • 22pXQ-3 Pressure-induced structural change in silicate melts

    Urakawa Satoru

    Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   62 ( 2 )   371 - 371   2007.8

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  • プラスチックガスケット(トロイダル)

    寺崎英紀, 浦川 啓, 舟越賢一

    KEK Proceedings   48 - 51   2007

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  • Anomalous compression of basaltic magma: implications to pressure-induced structural change in silicate melt

    Urakawa, S, T. Sakamaki, E. Ohtani

    Spring-8 Research Frontiers 2006   105 - 106   2007

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  • ダイヤモンドカプセルを用いた珪酸塩メルトのX線吸収密度測定

    浦川 啓, 坂巻竜也

    KEK Proceedings   1 - 4   2007

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  • Density measuerements of silicate magma under pressure by X-ray absorption technique

    S. Urakawa, E. Ohtani, Y. Katayama

    Spring-8 Research Frontiers   2006

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  • Density measurement of NaSiO-FeO melts by high-pressure x-ray absorption technique

    S. Urakawa, T. Sakamaki, A. Suzuki, E. Ohtani, Y. Katayama

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   2005

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  • In situ density measurements of basaltic melts at high pressure byx-ray absorption method

    R. Ando, S. Urakawa, E. Ohtani, A. Suzuki, Y. Katayama

    SPring-8 User Experimental Repor   2005

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  • In-situ experiment on hydrous Mg silicate melts under high-P-T conditions using single crystalline diamond capsule

    T. Inoue, A. Yamada, S. Urakawa, N. Funamori, Y. Higo, T. Kunimoto

    Photon Factory Activity Report   2005

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  • Density measurement of Fe doped Na-silicate glass and melt at high-pressures and temperatures by in-situ x-ray absorption method

    URAKAWA S., WATANABE N., TAKAHASHI N., ANDO R., SAKAMAKI T., SUZUKI A., OHTANI E., KATAYAMA Y.

    2004   22 - 22   2004.9

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  • Density measurement of iron-bearing sodium Disilicate melt under pressure by X-ray absorption method

    S. Urakawa, R. Ando, E. Ohtani, A. Suzuki, Y. Katayama

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   2004

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  • Application of x-ray absorption method to density measurement of iron-bering sodium disilicate glass under pressure

    Satoru Urakawa

    Lithos   2004

  • In-situ viscosity measurement of molten Fe-C and Fe-Si under pressure using high-speed X-ray CCD camera

    H. Terasaki, C. Liebske, K. Funakoshi, A. Suzuki, R. Ando, T. Nemoto, S. Urakawa

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   45   2004

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  • In situ x-ray diffraction of enstatite glass under high pressure and high temperature

    T. Inoue, A. Yamada, Y. Higo, T. Wada, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   50   2004

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  • X-ray diffraction of molten Fe-S alloy up to 10 GPa

    S. Urakawa, M. Kato, S. Suzuki, T. Inoue, K. Funakoshi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   2004

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  • In situ x-ray diffraction of hydrous magnesium silicate under high pressure and high temperature

    T. Inoue, A. Yamada, D. Watanabe, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   2003

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  • Phase relationships and equation of state for FeS

    S. Urakawa, H. Terasaki, K. Someya, S. Yokoshi, Y. Sueda, T. Irifune, T. Inoue, K. Funakoshi, W. Utsumi, T. Katsura

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   42   2002

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  • Physical Properties of Molten Iron Alloys at High Pressures

    URAKAWA Satoru, TERASAKI Hidenori

    The Review of High Pressure Science and Technology   12, 138-144 ( 2 )   138 - 144   2002

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology  

    In order to understand the formation, evolution and dynamic processes of the molten core of the terrestrial planets, knowledge of the physical properties, such as viscosity and density, of the molten iron alloy is required. Recent progress in the high-pressure technology combined with synchrotron radiation allows us to measure such properties at high-temperature and high-pressure. In this article, recent advances in the high-pressure research of molten iron alloys are reviewed.

    DOI: 10.4131/jshpreview.12.138

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  • X-ray diffraction study on molten Fe at 4.7 GPa

    S. Urakawa, A. Yamada, T. Inoue, K. Funakoshi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   43   2002

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  • Exploration of beta-Fe using sintered diamond anvils 3

    E. Ito, A. Kubo, T. Shinmei, M. Kanzaki, T. Katsura, A.Yoneda, S. Urakawa, M.J. Walter, H. Yamada

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   42   2001

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  • Viscosity of melt in the model basaltic system at high pressure

    A. Suzuki, E. Ohtani, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi, H. Terasaki, T. Kato, J.E. Reid

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   49   2001

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  • X-ray diffraction of Fe melts at high pressure

    S. Urakawa, A. Suzuki, H. Terasaki, M. Hasegawa, S. Yokoshi, K. Funakoshi, W. Utsumi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   45   2001

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  • In situ viscosity measurement of molten Fe up to 10 GPa

    H. Terasaki, T. Kato, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi, A. Suzuki, K. Sato, T. Okada, M. Hasegawa, A. Shimojyuku, S. Yokoshi, K. Someya, J. Reid

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   49   2001

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  • マルチアンビルを用いた高温高圧実験 ―手段と装置―

    内海 渉, 舟越賢一, 八木直人, 浦川 啓, 大高 理, 桂 智男, 入舩徹男, 井上 徹, 内田雄幸

    岩石鉱物科学   30,101-102   2001

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  • In situ viscosity measurement of Fe-C melt under high temperature and pressure using two-step falling sphere method

    H. Terasaki, T. Kato, S. Urakawa, K. Funakoshi, A. Suzuki, K. Sato, T. Okada, M. Maeda, M. Hasegawa

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   43   2001

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  • igh-T and High-P phase equilibria of FeS

    S. Urakawa, J. Yamakawa, M. Hasegawa, K. Funakoshi, W. Utsumi

    SPring-8 User Experimental Report   42   2001

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  • On the Researches of the High-Pressure Mineral Physics Experimental Station at BL04B1 in SPring-8

    URAKAWA Satoru, OHTAKA Osamu, FUNAKOSHI Kenichi, UTSUMI Wataru

    X-RAYS   42, 24-32 ( 1 )   24 - 32   2000

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Crystallographic Society of Japan  

    Performances of the high pressure in-situ X-ray observation system using a large volume multi anvil press installed at the High-Pressure Mineral Physics Experimental Station at BL04B1 in SPring-8 are introduced. Recent results obtained with this system are reviewed.

    DOI: 10.5940/jcrsj.42.24

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  • High Temperature Research Beamline(BL04B1)at SPring-8

    UTSUMI Wataru, FUNAKOSHI Ken-ichi, URAKAWA Satoru, IRIFUNE Tetsuo, TAMURA Kozaburo, INUI Masanori, TSUJI Kazuhiko, SHIMOMURA Osamu

    12 ( 1 )   17 - 23   1999.2

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  • High Pressure Mineral Physics Study at SPring-8

    Satoru Urakawa

    Review of High Pressure Science and Technology/Koatsuryoku No Kagaku To Gijutsu   9 ( 1 )   71 - 76   1999

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  • SPring-8 Beamlines for High Pressure Science with Multi-Anvil Apparatus

    W. Utsumi, K. Funakoshi, S. Urakawa, M. Yamakata, K. Tsuji, H. Konishi, O. Shimomura

    Review of High Pressure Science and Technology/Koatsuryoku No Kagaku To Gijutsu   7   1484 - 1486   1998

  • 29P-B-3 Pressure-induced structural changc of molten Salt

    Urakawa Satoru

    Meeting abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   52 ( 1 )   539 - 539   1997.3

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  • 核の化学組成

    浦川啓, ゆり本尚義

    月刊地球   15、86-91   1992

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  • メタルーシリケイト間の元素分配 ー実験的展望ー

    圦本尚義, 浦川 啓

    科研費重点領域研究報告書 Central Core of the Earth   1, 269-276   1991

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  • 地球中心核の化学構造と起源

    本田理恵, 加藤 工, 浦川 啓

    科学   60、699-706 ( 10 )   p699 - 706   1990

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:岩波書店  

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  • 地球核の組成

    加藤学, 浦川 啓

    月刊地球   7、558-562   1985

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Research Projects

  • Solidification of liquid core from thermal expansivity measurements on the Fe-Ni-S liquids

    Grant number:18K03805  2018.04 - 2021.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    urakawa Satoru

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    Grant amount:\4290000 ( Direct expense: \3300000 、 Indirect expense:\990000 )

    Some bodies in the solar system have a magnetic field like the earth, and another bodies once had. The magnetic field of an Earth-like rock body originates from a dynamo driven by thermo-compositional convection of the liquid core. The lifetime of the magnetic field depends on how the compositional convection of the liquid Fe-alloy caused by the cooling of the core works. We have clarified how the compositional convection pattern of the Fe-FeS core changes depending on the chemical composition and pressure. It was found that relatively small bodies such as the Earth’s moon solidify mainly from the top of the liquid core, resulting in compositional convection.

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  • Composition and dynamics of Mercury and Mars cores approached from physical properties under high pressures

    Grant number:26247089  2014.04 - 2018.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    Terasaki Hidenori, NISHIDA Keisuke, KONDO Tadashi, SUZUKI Akio, SASAKI Sho

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    Grant amount:\39520000 ( Direct expense: \30400000 、 Indirect expense:\9120000 )

    To clarify the core compositions of Mercury and Mars, elastic properties of liquid and solid Fe-alloys were investigated up to the planetary core conditions. We developed simultaneous sound velocity and density measurement system under high pressure and obtained relationship between sound velocity and density. It is found that the effect of alloying elements (C, S, Si, Ni) on the elastic properties of iron shows significantly different trend depending on alloying elements. Based on these results, we estimated the composition and conditions of the planetary cores.

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  • Permeable flow of liquid Fe alloy through silicate grain boundary

    Grant number:23340129  2011.04 - 2015.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    URAKAWA Satoru, TERASAKI Hidenori, FUNAKOSHI Ken-ichi, UESUGI Kentaro, HASHIMOTO George

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    Grant amount:\20800000 ( Direct expense: \16000000 、 Indirect expense:\4800000 )

    At the early history of the solar system, molten iron alloy is separated from silicate mantle to form an iron core at the center of the protoplanets. We investigated this process by using high-pressure and high-temperature experiments combined with synchrotron X-ray micro computed tomography. We found that a permeable flow of liquid iron alloy through the crystalline silicate grain boundary is a dominant core-mantle separation process in the protpplanets with which the radius is smaller than several hundred km.

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  • The effect of light elements on density and elastic wave velocity of liquid Fe: Implication to light elements in the Earth's outer core

    Grant number:23340159  2011.04 - 2015.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    TERASAKI Hidenori, URAKAWA Satoru, UESUGI Kentaro, FUNAKOSHI Ken-ichi

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    Grant amount:\17680000 ( Direct expense: \13600000 、 Indirect expense:\4080000 )

    In order to clarify the effects of light elements on density and elastic wave velocity of liquid Fe-alloy and to constrain the terrestrial core compositions, we have developed simultaneous measurement system of density and sound velocity for liquid materials under pressure. Density and elastic wave velocity were obtained simultaneously for liquid Ni-S and it is found that there is a linear relationship between these two physical properties. We also obtained following results; density and sound velocity of liquid Fe-Ni-C, effect of pressure on density of Fe-C and on sound velocity of Fe-Ni-C. These results provide important aspects for understanding the effect of light elements on the elastic properties of liquid Fe.

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  • Physical property and structure of magma under high pressure, and the effect of water

    Grant number:20103003  2008 - 2012

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

    INOUE Toru, URAKAWA Satoru, URAKAWA Satoru, SUZUKI Akio, MIBE Kenji, KAWAMOTO Tatsuhiko, ARIMA Hiroshi, KAWAMOTO Tatsuhiko, FUNAKOSHI Ken-ichi, FUNAMORI Nobumasa, TERASAKI Hidenori, NAKAMURA Michihiko, YAMADA Akihiro

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    Grant amount:\97890000 ( Direct expense: \75300000 、 Indirect expense:\22590000 )

    We have developed the cell assembly for high temperature high-pressure neutron experiment and also installed a neutron camera with various examinations together with construction of the high temperature high-pressure neutron beamline in J-PARC. In addition, we have performed experimental studies about the effect of water and the structure and the physical properties of magma generated in the Earth interior by in-situ synchrotron X-ray observation and quench experiment under high temperature and high pressure. The high temperature and high-pressure neutron experiment was enabled by this project research, and new knowledge, such as structure of magma, density, and viscosity, was acquired.

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  • X線トモグラフィー用高温高圧装置の開発

    Grant number:19654082  2007 - 2008

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  萌芽研究

    浦川 啓, 舟越 賢一, 寺崎 英紀, 上杉 健太朗

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    Grant amount:\3400000 ( Direct expense: \3400000 )

    X線マイクロトモグラフィを使った高温高圧下における3次元イメージングからは試料の形状,体積,界面などの情報が非破壊で得られるため,高圧力科学の分野の応用性を広める技術である。我々はその地球科学的な応用研究をアメリカ合衆国の放射光施設Advanced Photon Source(APS)で行った(平成18〜19年度)。本研究では,そのときの経験をもとにX線マイクロトモグラフィ用に新しい高圧装置を開発した。平成19年度に作製した高圧装置はSPring-8のイメージング用ビームラインで使用することを念頭に設計され,総重量30kg最大荷重80トンの小型のものである。平成20年度はこの小型高圧装置の性能評価を兼ねてX線マイクロトモグラフィ実験をSPring-8のBL20B2で行った。再構築したCTイメージには高圧装置のフレームに起因する影が認められるが,形状は柱のない場合と解像度の範囲内では一致した。圧力4GPa温度1000Kまでの実験でも十分に可視領域が確保され内部のCT像を得ることが可能であった。このように所定の性能を発揮することを確認した。APSにおけるX線マイクとトモグラフィと比較すると,高圧装置の加圧能力は約2倍,データ収集時間は1/10以下,解像度は2倍程度,我々の方が優れていた。SPring-8とAPSではビームラインのスペックの差もあるが非常に満足の出来る結果であった。高圧装置は高輝度光科学研究センターに寄付されており,共同利用が可能である。

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  • Density measurements of basaltic magma at high-pressure and high-temperature using X-ray absorption method

    Grant number:16340170  2004 - 2006

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    URAKAWA Satoru, KATAYAMA Yoshinori, OHTANI Eiji, SUZUKI Akio

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    Grant amount:\16400000 ( Direct expense: \16400000 )

    Density of magma is one of the important physical properties to control the transportation of magma in the Earth and planetary interiors. We have established the new technique to measure the density of magma under pressure by using large volume high-pressure apparatus and synchrotron radiation, on which X-ray absorption is based. We have measured the density of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) magma up to about 5 GPa and 2000K by suing high-pressure X-ray absorption technique, which is the most abundant magma on the Earth and the Earth-like planets. Experiments were carried out using the cubic press, SMAP1, installed at BL22XU of SPring-8, where a highly brilliant monochromatic X-ray is available. The basaltic magma was confined in the single crystal diamond capsule that is X-ray transparent rather than silicate, the hardest material, which is uniformly deformed under pressure, and chemically inert with magma. Absorption of X-ray from the basaltic magma was measured up to 4.6 GPa and 1900 K, and density was calculated from Lambert-Beer law, I = I_0exp(-μpt). X-ray absorption measurements give the density of basaltic magma along its melting curve. Fitting the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state to density data yields anomalous negative pressure derivative of the bulk modulus of the basaltic magma. This means the basaltic magma becomes more compressible at higher pressure, opposite to the normal crystalline solid. This result strongly indicates that the structure of basaltic magma is changing with increasing pressure, including the shrinkage of networks of SiO_4 and AIO_4 tetrahedra and the increase of the coordination number of aluminum ions.

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  • Experimental study on elastic anistropy of mantle minerals

    Grant number:15204042  2003 - 2006

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    YONEDA Akira, SUZUKI Isao, ODA Hitoshi, URAKAWA Satoru, KATSURA Tomoo

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    Grant amount:\32500000 ( Direct expense: \25000000 、 Indirect expense:\7500000 )

    In this fiscal year, I was concentrated on crystallographic orientation measurement and shaping of micro crystal (~500μm or less) of high pressure phases. I introduced a CCD camera to determine X ray position against the small specimen. This system works well even for other projects. Then, I examined appropriate way to shape small specimen, such as treating a grain in water to prevent the specimen flown away.
    I am preparing a sphere specimen of hydrous β spinal with 3wt% water. This crystal was synthesized by Dr. Anton in this institute, and the water content was determined by Dr. Shinoda at Osaka City University by using FTIR method. The crystal structure of hydrous β spinal is monoclinic. Thus to avoid numerical analysis difficulty, I am considering to make a sphere for the final shape of the specimen by applying the air-round method frequently used in crystallography. This project will be the first example of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy to measure single crystal elasticity of high pressure phases.
    Furthermore, we made important progress on data analysis of resonant peaks. With utilizing the specialty of lock-in amplifier detecting signal phase shift against reference input, we tried to peak fitting simultaneously on real and imaginary parts. We confirmed the resolution ability of the new algorithm by examining our own data at around 20-30 MHz successfully. We submitted the result, combined with the hardware progress of high frequency resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy, to Review of Scientific Instruments.

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  • Electric conductivity measurement of the Earth's materials

    Grant number:13440164  2001 - 2003

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    KATSURA Tomoo, YAMASHITA Shigeru, YONEDA Akira, ITO Eiji, URAKAWA Satoru

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    Grant amount:\15000000 ( Direct expense: \15000000 )

    We measured electrical conductivity of granulite from Hidaka metramorphic belt, Hokkaido, Japan. From the experimental results, we estimated the temperature of the high resistance region at depth of 10-30 km to be 600℃.
    We conducted experiments to estimate connectivity of iron-iron sulfide melts in dunite and lherzolite matrixes by means of electrical conductivity measurement. From this series of experiments, we found that iron-iron sulfide melt connects if its volume proportion is more than 5 %. Therefore, segregation of core material from mantle should have easily occurred in the early history of the Earth.
    We measured electrical conductivity of (Mg_<0.93>Fe_<0.07>)SiO_3 ilmenite at pressures of 25, 35 and 40 GPa and temperature of 500 to 1000 K. We found the pre-exponential term is constant of 3×10 S/m at all of these pressures. The activation energy at 0 GPa and activation volume are 0.69±0.04 eV and -0.90±0.10 cm^3/mol. Thus pressure dependence of ilmenite is quite large.
    We also measured electrical conductivity of (Mg_<0.93>Fe_<0.07>)SiO_3 perovskite at pressures of 35 and 40 GPa and temperature of 500 to 1100 K. We found the pre-exponential term is constant of 1×10 S/m at both of these pressures. The activation energy at 0 GPa and activation volume are 0.39±0.02 eV and -0.06±0.04 cm^3/mol. Thus pressure dependence of pervoskite is one order of magnitude smaller than that of ilmenite.

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  • Partial molar volume of FeO, NiG and CoO liquid at high pressure

    Grant number:13440163  2001 - 2003

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    URAKAWA Satoru, KATSURA Tomoo, KATAYAMA Yoshinori

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    Grant amount:\4800000 ( Direct expense: \4800000 )

    We have developed the high-pressure X-ray absorption technique to measure density of silicate melts at high-pressure using synchrotron X-ray and a multi-anvil apparatus, in order to determine partial molar volume of siderophile oxide liquid at high pressure. Density (ρ) is evaluated from X-ray absorption profile of a sample using the equation of I=I_0 exp(-ρμt), where land are intensities of transmitted and incident X-rays, respectively, μ is mass absorption coefficient of sample, and t is sample thickness. In this study, we used a single crystalline diamond cylinder as a sample capsule, because its low X-ray absorption, hardness, and inertness with silicate melts. Diamond capsule makes the densiy measurement of silciate metls under pressure possible.
    High-pressure X-ray absorption experiments were conducted by using a DIA-type cubic anvil apparatus and a highly brilliant monochromatic X-ray at BL22XU of SPring-8,Japan. We used glasses with the compositions both of the MORB and of the Fe-bearing sodium disilicate for starting materials. Although densities of glasses, crystalline solids, and melts were determined up to 5 GPa and 1873 K, we have not determined the partial molar volume of liquid. This method can, however, yield a series of density data at high pressures and temperatures within an error of 1% enough to evaluate the partial molar volume of silicate liquid.

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  • 高圧下におけるFe-FeS系融体のX線構造解析

    Grant number:09740395  1997 - 1998

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    浦川 啓

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    Grant amount:\2100000 ( Direct expense: \2100000 )

    地球中心核には鉄ニッケル合金の他に酸素・硫黄などの軽元素が約10重量%含まれていると考えられている。鉄一軽元素系融体の密度・粘性・電気伝導度などの物性は、核のダイナミクスや地球形成初期の核マントル分離過程などを明らかにする上で必要不可欠な情報である。これらの物性は温度圧力の関数であるとともに、化学結合性・結晶構造と密接な関連がある。このように鉄一軽元素系融体の構造の研究は物性研究の基本となる。本研究では放射光を用いた高温高圧X線回折実験から高圧下におけるFe-FeS系融体の静的構造を調べ、融体の構造と圧力・組成の関係を明らかにすることを目指している。
    X線回折実験は高エネルギー加速器研究機構・物質構造科学研究所(PF)に設置された高圧X線回折装置MAX90を用いてエネルギー分散法で行った。昨年度FeS融体の構造の圧力変化に関する研究を行い、5GPaまでの圧力下でFeS融体の構造に大きな変化が見られないことを報告した。今年度はFe-FeS2成分系において、融体の構造と組成の関係について研究を進めた。圧力を3GPaに固定し、Fe-FeS系の共融組成を挟んで、Fe側とFeS側の数点の組成の融体に対するX線回折実験を行った。実験データから動径分布関数を求め、融体の近接構造に関する情報を導いた。その結果、Fe-FeS系の融体では共融組成の両側で大きく構造が変化することが確認された。すなわち、共融組成よりFe側ではS濃度の増加にともない第1近接のFe原子の数が減少していくものの純鉄に類似した構造を保持しているのに対し、共融組成よりFeS側では第1近接原子は異種原子であり、ほとんどFeSと同様の構造をとっている。このように、放射光を用いた高圧X線回折法による融体構造の研究は極めて有効であり、鉄一軽元素系の融体物性研究の有力な手段である。

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  • 球共振法によるメジャーライト焼結体の高温弾性率の研究

    Grant number:08740363  1996

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    浦川 啓

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    Grant amount:\1000000 ( Direct expense: \1000000 )

    鉱物の高温弾性を研究する上で、球共振法は有効な方法である。数ミリサイズの大きな単結晶を得ることが不可能な高圧相鉱物に対しては、多結晶焼結体を利用することが考えられる。共振法で多結晶体を利用する場合は弾性的等方体として取り扱うので、試料の等方性が重要となる。また、空隙が存在すると正しく弾性率を評価できないので、空隙のほとんどない試料を準備する必要がある。本研究では、異方性の比較的小さい立方晶系のパイロープを選び、その多結晶体の高温高圧焼結を試みた。パイロープは上部マントルを構成する主要鉱物のひとつであるメジャーライトガ-ネットの端成分のひとつであり、その弾性率の研究は地球科学的にも重要な意味を持つ。高圧実験は岡山大学固体地球研究センターの1000トンプレスを用いた6-8式の2段加圧法で行った。出発試料にはパイロープ組成のガラスを用い、それを白金カプセルに封入し NaCl 圧力媒体中に置いた。焼結は9GPa、1400℃で60分以上保持することで行った。この条件では NaCl は軟化しており、試料にかかる応力は静水圧に近いと考えられる。静水圧下で合成することにより、多結晶試料に異方性が生じることを防ぐことができる。また、減圧時の差応力によって焼結体が割れないように、600℃の高温のまま減圧した。この方法で、理論値とほぼ等しい密度を持つ、空隙のないパイロープの多結晶焼結体を得た。この焼結体の弾性率を球共振法で測定し、体積弾性率と剛性率を決定した。その結果は、単結晶のパイロープに対して報告されている弾性率とほぼ一致し、多結晶焼結体が弾性的等方体であること示している。現在、高温で球共振法による測定を行っているが、150℃までは観測共振周波数に異常が見つかっておらず、高温での弾性率測定が可能であると考えられる。

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