Faculty Profiles - GOTO Tanjuro

Papers - GOTO Tanjuro

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Effects of Harvest Shoot Stage on Partitioning of Photosynthates Originating from Bent Shoots in the Modified Arching Technique of Cut Rose Production. The Horticulture Journal Reviewed

Chisato Isobe, Shinji Kajihara, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Yasuba, Yuichi Yoshida, Katsuhiko Inamoto, Gen Ishioka, Motoaki Doi, Tanjuro Goto

The Horticulture Journal 89 ( 3 ) 278 - 283 2020

Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

By using a stable isotope method, partitioning of photosynthates was examined in a modified arching (MA) technique that achieved a high cut flower productivity to clarify how photosynthates produced by bent shoots are distributed within a plant at different developmental stages of harvest shoots. The translocation ratios from bent shoots at four days after harvest, eight days after harvest, for 10 cm-shoots, flower budding, and blooming were 44.0, 40.2, 51.0, 38.3, and 23.4%, respectively, and plants at the blooming stage had lower translocation ratios compared to those at the other developmental stages. The distribution of photosynthates produced by the bent shoot parts varied with the plant stage of the harvest shoots. The partitioning ratios of roots and crowns at four days, eight days, for 10 cm-shoots, flower budding, and blooming were 63.9, 53.5, 17.5, 26.6, and 81.0%, respectively. From these results, it was revealed that in the period from blooming to the next sprouting, roots and crowns were strong sinks. The partitioning ratios of mother stems were 36.2, 46.4, 7.2, 15.0, and 8.2%, respectively. We estimate that the mother stems are a strong sink right after harvest and absorb the photosynthates for the new sprouting. At the 10 cm-shoot and flower budding stages, photosynthates were partitioned to harvest shoots at 75.2% and 58.4%, respectively, indicating that they were distributed preferentially to vigorously growing harvest shoots. A total of 11.4% of the photosynthates were partitioned to harvest shoots at the blooming stage, suggesting that the photosynthates from the bent shoots were not involved directly in flower blooming. This study will contribute to improving the MA technique and cut rose production.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.utd-116

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Positional differences of intronic transposons in pAMT affect the pungency level in chili pepper through altered splicing efficiency Reviewed

Tanaka, Yoshiyuki, Asano, Takaya, Kanemitsu, Yorika, Goto, Tanjuro, Yoshida, Yuichi, Yasuba, Kenichiro, Misawa, Yuki, Nakatani, Sachie, Kobata, Kenji

Plant Journal 100 ( 4 ) 693 - 705 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：WILEY

Capsaicinoids are unique compounds that give chili pepper fruits their pungent taste. Capsaicinoid levels vary widely among pungent cultivars, which range from low pungency to extremely pungent. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this quantitative variation have not been elucidated. Our previous study identified various loss-of-function alleles of the pAMT gene which led to low pungency. The mutations in these alleles are commonly defined by Tcc transposon insertion and its footprint. In this study, we identified two leaky pamt alleles (pamt(L1) and pamt(L2)) with different levels of putative aminotransferase (pAMT) activity. Notably, both alleles had a Tcc transposon insertion in intron 3, but the locations of the insertions within the intron were different. Genetic analysis revealed that pamt(L1), pamt(L2) and a loss-of-function pamt allele reduced capsaicinoid levels to about 50%, 10% and less than 1%, respectively. pamt(L1) and pamt(L2) encoded functional pAMT proteins, but they exhibited lower transcript levels than the functional type. RNA sequencing analysis showed that intronic transposons disrupted splicing in intron 3, which resulted in simultaneous expression of functional pAMT mRNA and non-functional splice variants containing partial sequences of Tcc. The non-functional splice variants were more dominant in pamt(L2) than in pamt(L1). This suggested that the difference in position of the intronic transposons could alter splicing efficiency, leading to different pAMT activities and reducing capsaicinoid content to different levels. Our results provide a striking example of allelic variations caused by intronic transposons; these variations contribute to quantitative differences in secondary metabolite contents.

DOI： 10.1111/tpj.14462

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Intermittent Low Temperature Storage Duration and Cycle on the Growth and Flowering of Eustoma (Eustoma grandiflorum L.) Seedlings Raised in the Summer The Horticulture Journal Reviewed

Thao Thu Phan, Satoshi Sasaki, Keigo Fukushima, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Yasuba, Yuichi Yoshida, Tanjuro Goto

The Horticulture Journal 89 ( 3 ) 292 - 299 2020

Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCI

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of intermittent low temperature storage (ILTS) following cold imbibition of Eustoma seeds as a low-cost method. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the total number of cold storage days and the lengths of ILTS cycles for seedlings on the subsequent growth and flowering of three cultivars with different susceptibilities to rosetting: 'Nancy', 'Exe Lavender', and 'Bolero White'. Before sowing, the seeds were imbibed with water at 10 degrees C under a dark condition for 35 days. A cycle of 6D/6D (6 days in a refrigerator kept at 10 degrees C in the dark/6 days in a greenhouse kept at a high ambient temperature) was repeated 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 times to attain 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 days of cold storage (DCS), respectively. Using a cycle of 6D/6D at least one time (6 DCS) increased the bolting and flowering percentages and accelerated the bolting date by 6-10 days and the flowering date by 4-9 days in 'Nancy', a high-rosetting cultivar. The percentage of harvesting was above 80% only in seedlings subjected to 24 and 30 DCS in ILTS. In addition, under equal 30 DCS of ILTS, cycles of 3D/3D x 10 times, 6D/6D x 5 times, and 15D/15D x 2 times were investigated by exposing the seedlings to a high ambient temperature for 3, 6, and 15 days and then transferring them to a refrigerator (10 degrees C) for 3, 6, and 15 days, respectively. ILTS cycles of 3D/3D and 6D/6D resulted in earlier bolting and flowering dates than cycles of 15D/15D. The cycle of 15D/15D resulted in a lower percentage of marketable harvesting and an increased number of nodes to the first flower. These results suggest that applying ILTS with a cycle of 6D/6D at least four times can be an efficient method to promote the bolting and flowering of Eustoma without applying air conditioning to the entire greenhouse.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.UTD-145

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Effects of Length of Light Period and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density in Growth Chamber on Germination and Growth of Eustoma grandiflorum after Low-temperature Wet Treatment of Seeds Reviewed

Keigo Fukushima, Shinji Kajihara, Satoshi Ishikura, Mina Tokiyasu, Naoko Fukuta, Tanjuro Goto

Horticultural Research (Japan) 18 ( 4 ) 373 - 379 2019.9

ベゴニア‘ネティア’の生育，開花および草姿に対する間欠冷蔵処理と短日処理効果の比較． Reviewed

中島拓, 後藤丹十郎

植物環境工学 31 210 - 215 2019

Development of Program Library Using an Open-source Hardware for Implementation of Low-cost Greenhouse Environmental Control System Reviewed

Ken-ichiro YASUBA, Hidehito KUROSAKI, Takehiko HOSHI, Takashi OKAYASU, Yoshiyuki TANAKA, Tanjuro GOTO, Yuichi YOSHIDA

Environmental Control in Biology 56 ( 3 ) 107 - 112 2018.7

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A program library for use on open-source hardware was developed in order to construct a low-cost environmental control system for greenhouses. The library facilitated the development of environmental sensing and control devices that conform to the protocols of the Ubiquitous Environment Control System (UECS). The open-source hardware used was the "Arduino Ethernet" and the "Arduino Mega 2560 with Ethernet Shield" microcontroller boards. UECS is a system for controlling greenhouse environments that communicates information via a local area network, and devices utilizing the library that we developed can perform the UECS defined communication tasks automatically. With the help of this library, device developers no longer need to program the communications aspects of the device and can concentrate on programming setting and control logic of the device. The library occupies about 29 kilobytes of the read only memory area of the target board. The library and associated open-source microcontroller boards are powerful tools for developing low-cost environmental control systems.

DOI： 10.2525/ecb.56.107

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吸水種子湿潤低温処理後のトルコギキョウの発芽と生育に及ぼすグロースチャンバーにおける育苗温度の影響 Reviewed

福島啓吾, 梶原真二, 石倉聡, 福田直子, 後藤丹十郎

17 395 - 403 2018

開花期の年次安定性と斉一性に優れる8月咲きの小ギク'春日の紅'の育成． Reviewed

仲照史, 廣岡健司, 辻本直樹, 角川由加, 虎太有里, 後藤丹十郎

園芸学研究 17 105 - 114 2018

Effect of Re-drying Seeds after Wet Treatment at 10℃ on the Germination and Growth of Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn. Reviewed

Fukushima, K, S. Kajihara, S. Ishikura, N. Kastutani, T. Goto Tanjuro

The Horticuluture Journal. 87 ( 3 ) 413 - 420 2018

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCI

This study was initiated to investigate the effects of wet treatment at 10 degrees C (WT10 degrees C) and subsequent re-drying treatment (RDT) on the germination and growth of Eustoma grandiflorum seeds. Both treatments, WT10 degrees C and RDT, were applied at 10 degrees C under dark conditions. In all the experiments, 'King of Snow', which is one of the major Eustoma cultivars in Japan, was used. When the total number of days exposed to WT10 degrees C and RDT was set to 35 days, the prevention of rosettes and the promotion of growth were dependent on the number of days of WT10 degrees C, and these effects were maintained after RDT. When RDT was applied to the seeds after WT10 degrees C for 35 days, the growth promotion due to WT10 degrees C was maintained regardless of the length of re-drying time from 7 to 28 days; however, the germination rate decreased with RDT. On the other hand, applying RDT after WT10 degrees C for 14 days had no effect on the germination rate; however, the growth promotion was insufficient compared with WT10 degrees C for 28 days. This problem was solved by carrying out a further 14 days of WT10 degrees C after RDT. When the seeds were exposed to WT10 degrees C for 14 days, then re-dried for 7 days, and exposed to WT10 degrees C for a further 14 days, the same growth promotion was achieved as for seeds exposed to WT10 degrees C for 28 days continuously. The above results suggest that the promotion of growth depends on the total number of days of WT10 degrees C regardless of whether these days are continuous or not. Moreover, the growth promotion was maintained after RDT. The results also suggest the possibility that when both the processes of WT10 degrees C and the RDT are carried out by seed companies, growers who have no cooling equipment can produce cut flowers using seedlings grown in the high-temperature season.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.OKD-149

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プライミング種子への吸水種子湿潤低温処理がトルコギキョウ'レイナホワイト'の生育および切り花形質に及ぼす影響． Reviewed

福島啓吾, 梶原真二, 石倉聡, 後藤丹十郎

園芸学研究 17 79 - 85 2018

間欠冷蔵処理がエラチオール・ベゴニア‘ネティア’の開花および生育に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

中島拓, 後藤丹十郎

園芸学研究 17 73 - 78 2018

Identification of a Novel Mutant pAMT Allele Responsible for Low-pungency and Capsinoid Production in Chili Pepper Accession 'No.4034' (Capsicum chinense). Reviewed

Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Shiho Fukuta, Sota Koeda, Tanjuro Goto, Yuichi Yoshida, Ken-ichiro Yasuba

The Horticulture Journal 68 ( 2 ) 222 - 228 2018

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

Capsinoids are low-pungent capsaicinoid analogues in chili pepper fruits. They exhibit various bioactivities in humans similar to capsaicinoids, but do not produce a nasty burning sensation, encouraging their application in foods and supplements. Previous reports demonstrated that loss-of-function of putative aminotransferase (pAMT) leads to low-pungency and capsinoid accumulation. Therefore, the pamt allele is a useful gene in chili pepper breeding programs to enhance health-promoting properties. Eight loss-of-function alleles have been identified in the Capsicum genus, but the variation in paint alleles remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we identified one novel loss-of-function allele from the analysis of low-pungent chili pepper 'No. 4034' (C. chinense). 'No. 4034' contained mainly capsinoid with an undetectable level of capsaicinoid. A genetic complementation test was conducted by crossing 'No. 4034' with other accessions. The results indicated that 'No. 4034' possessed a loss-of-function pamt allele. Sequence analysis showed that the novel mutant allele contained a 7-bp insertion (TCGGTAC) in the 16th axon region, which we designated as pamt(9). The insertion caused a frameshift mutation and resulted in a truncated protein. Gene expression analysis showed that the expression level of pAMT specifically decreased among biosynthetic genes tested here in 'No. 4034', compared with that of pungent accession. pamt(9) will be useful for low-pungency and capsinoid breeding, and will provide additional information for variations in pAMT mutants.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.OKD-115

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Difference in capsaicinoid biosynthesis gene expression in the pericarp reveals elevation of capsaicinoid contents in chili peppers (Capsicum chinense) Reviewed

Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Fumihiro Nakashima, Erasmus Kirii, Tanjuro Goto, Yuichi Yoshida, Ken-ichiro Yasuba

PLANT CELL REPORTS 36 ( 2 ) 267 - 279 2017.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SPRINGER

This research reveals that the up-regulated expression of multiple capsaicinoid biosynthetic genes in pericarp tissue leads to the elevation of total capsaicinoid content in chili pepper fruit.
Capsaicinoids are health-functional compounds that are produced uniquely in chili pepper fruits. A high capsaicinoid level is one of the major parameters determining the commercial quality and health-promoting properties of chili peppers. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for its high contents, we compared an extremely pungent cultivar 'Trinidad Moruga Scorpion Yellow' (MY) with other cultivars of different pungency levels (Fushimi-amanaga, Takanotsume, Red Habanero). Capsaicinoid concentrations were markedly higher in MY fruit (23.9 mg/g DW) than in other pungent cultivars including 'Red Habanero' (HB) fruit (14.3 mg/g DW). Comparative analysis of MY and HB reveals that both cultivars accumulated similar capsaicinoid concentrations in the placental septum, with that in the HB pericarp (1.8 mg/g DW) being markedly lower than that in the placental septum (69.1 mg/g DW). The capsaicinoid concentration in HB fruit is dependent on the placental septum, as reported in other accessions. Therefore, even though placental septum tissue contains high capsaicinoid concentrations, those in the pericarp and seeds attenuated its total content. In contrast, the MY pericarp exhibited a markedly higher concentration (23.2 mg/g DW). A qRT-PCR analysis revealed that multiple capsaicinoid biosynthetic pathway genes (Pun1, pAMT, KAS, and BCAT) were strongly up-regulated in placental septum of pungent cultivars. The genes were expressed exclusively in the MY pericarp, but were barely detected in the pericarps of other pungent cultivars. Collectively, the present study indicates that the up-regulated expression of these genes not only in placental septum but also in pericarp plays an important role in driving capsaicinoid accumulation in the whole fruit.

DOI： 10.1007/s00299-016-2078-8

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Non-pungency in a Japanese Chili Pepper Landrace (Capsicum annuum) is Caused by a Novel Loss-of-function Pun1 Allele Reviewed

Erasmus Kirii, Tanjuro Goto, Yuichi Yoshida, Ken-ichiro Yasuba, Yoshiyuki Tanaka

HORTICULTURE JOURNAL 86 ( 1 ) 61 - 69 2017.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCI

Pungency in peppers is due to the presence of the alkaloid capsaicin and its analogues, collectively known as capsaicinoids. These compounds are only produced in the Capsicum genus and function as deterrents to mammals from consuming the pepper fruits. Pungency in pepper is qualitatively controlled by the Pun1 locus, which encodes a putative acyltransferase enzyme. Mutations in the Pun1 gene result in a loss of pungency, and several Pun1 loss-of-function alleles have been identified in sweet peppers to date (pun1(1-3)). However, variations in pun1 alleles have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we report a new type of loss-of-function pun1 allele, named pun1(4), in a Japanese sweet pepper cultivar, 'Nara Murasaki' (C. annuum). Sequence analysis at the Pun1 locus revealed that this type of Pun1 allele is caused by a single adenine nucleotide insertion in the second exon region. This insertion is unique to 'Nara Murasaki' and is not present in wild-type Pun1. This insertion causes a frameshift mutation and a change in the amino acid sequence, resulting in a truncated protein. The results of gene expression analysis indicated that the expression of Pun2 in 'Nara Murasaki' was hardly detectable, while the transcripts of this gene were strongly expressed in a pungent cultivar. In a co-segregation test, the pun1(4) genotype perfectly co-segregated with non-pungency in 103 F-2 population plants of a cross between 'Nara Murasaki' and a pungent cultivar. 'Nara Murasaki' and a DNA marker to distinguish the pun1(4) allele will be informative for understanding the domestication process of sweet peppers.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.MI-148

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Software to Calculate Greenhouse Interstice Ventilation Frequency Based on Nocturnal Time Course of CO2 Reviewed

Ken-ichiro Yasuba, Takuya Fujio, Katsuyoshi Watanabe, Chisyu Tane, Tatsuya Yamada, Yuki Uchimura, Yuichi Yoshida, Tanjyuro Goto, Yoshiyuki Tanaka

Agricultural Information Research 26 ( 4 ) 155 - 163 2017

Effects of Planting System on Flowering Period Uniformity of Small-flowered Spray-type Chrysanthemum Reviewed

Terufumi Naka, Shigeichi Maeda, Tanjuro Goto

Horticultural Research (Japan) 16 ( 1 ) 41 - 50 2017

トルコギキョウの生育および切り花形質に及ぼす吸水種子湿潤低温処理方法の影響 Reviewed

福島啓吾, 梶原真二, 石倉聡, 勝谷範敏, 後藤丹十郎

園芸学研究 17 177 - 184 2017

Effect of Temperature at the Seedling Stage after Low-Temperature Treatment of Imbibed Seeds on the Growth and Characteristics of Eustoma grandiflorum Reviewed

Fukushima Keigo, Kajihara Shinji, Ishikura Satoshi, Katsutani Noritoshi, Imamura Hitoshi, Goto Tanjuro

Horticultural Research (Japan) 15 ( 4 ) 377 - 382 2016

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

This study was carried out in order to improve the cut flower production of Eustoma grandiflorum for shipment in late autumn and early spring. In this study, the effect of low-temperature treatment of imbibed seeds for cultivars with different rosette characteristics was investigated. Moreover, the effect of the day and night temperatures after the low-temperature treatment of the imbibed seeds on the growth of flowers was investigated. The experiments were conducted using two cultivars with different rosette characteristics. The bolting rate, flower budding rate, and flowering rate were increased by low-temperature treatment of the imbibed seeds regardless of the rosette characteristics. After low-temperature treatment of the imbibed seeds, seedlings of the two cultivars were raised at different night temperatures (22, 25, 28, and 31°C). With night temperatures of 28 and 31°C, the bolting and flowering rates decreased, regardless of the rosette characteristics, whereas at 22 and 25°C, the bolting rate, flower budding rate, and flowering rate were higher. For night temperatures in the range 22～31°C, the growth and length of the cut were better at lower rather than higher temperatures. Growth at different day temperatures (30 and 40°C) after the low-temperature treatment had no affect on the bolting, flower budding, or flowering rates. However, growth was more favorably promoted with a day temperature of 30°C compared with 40°C.

DOI： 10.2503/hrj.15.377

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低コスト環境制御システム構築のためのプログラムライブラリの開発 Reviewed

安場健一郎, 多根知周, 田中義行, 後藤丹十郎, 吉田裕一, 黒崎秀仁, 岡安崇史, 星岳彦

農業情報研究 25 ( 1 ) 12 - 18 2016

Effects of Interrupted Lighting on the Spray Formation of Summer-to-autumn- flowering Small-flowered Spray-type Chrysanthemum Cultivars 'Haruka' and 'Subaru' Reviewed

Yoshio Mori, Katsuhiko Sumitomo, Tamotsu Hisamatsu, Tanjuro Goto

HORTICULTURE JOURNAL 85 ( 3 ) 264 - 271 2016

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCI

Summer-to-autumn-flowering small-flowered spray-type (SAFS) chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) are commercially important in Japan, and there is an occasional increased demand for these flowers. However, under current cultivation methods, the quality of spray formations is compromised in order to maintain a sufficient production rate at times of peak demand. This study investigated the effect of interrupted lighting (IL), the intercalation of a period of long days (by night interruption) into the natural day length (NDL) period of growing, in order to regulate spray formations in SAFS chrysanthemum cultivars 'Haruka' and 'Subaru', in which lighting can markedly delay flowering. The effects of the NDL period before IL and those of the IL period were investigated. First, we investigated the effect of 2-12 days of NDL followed by 12 days of IL. Plants subjected to 2-6 days of NDL had longer flower clusters and a greater number of flower buds on the upper lateral flower stems and developed a broom-like spray. Next, we investigated the effect of 420 days of IL after 4 days of NDL. Plants subjected to 8-20 days of IL had longer flower clusters, more flower buds on the upper lateral flower stems, and broom-like sprays. These changes were more pronounced when the IL periods were prolonged. Our results showed that spray formation in SAFS chrysanthemum cultivars 'Haruka' and 'Subaru' can be regulated by controlling the timing and period of IL.

DOI： 10.2503/hortj.MI-072

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