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DOI： 10.1007/s10098-024-03108-2

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DOI： 10.1016/j.psep.2024.08.101

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DOI： 10.1007/s11356-024-34485-2

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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DOI： 10.3390/fermentation9080720

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DOI： 10.3390/fermentation9070601

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DOI： 10.3303/CET23106103

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DOI： 10.3303/CET23106104

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DOI： 10.22034/GJESM.2023.09.SI.03

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DOI： 10.30638/eemj.2022.136

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DOI： 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108280

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DOI： 10.1007/978-981-16-7128-9_21

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DOI： 10.22034/GJESM.2022.03.09

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DOI： 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.032

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DOI： 10.1016/j.energy.2021.122177

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DOI： 10.1109/ATiGB56486.2022.9984120

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DOI： 10.3303/CET2297035

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DOI： 10.1680/jwarm.22.00005

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management  

During the rapid socio-economic development of China, the amount of domestic waste has increased dramatically. Most areas collect domestic waste through mixed collection systems. The large number of informal landfill practices also results in significant loss of land resources, and they often lack adequate drainage management and are likely to contaminate soil and groundwater. One way to reduce informal landfill activities is to separate household waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that determine residents' cooperation and intention to separate household waste. Based on the theory of planned behavior, a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents of Fuyang City, China, by collecting and analyzing existing studies and literature in the field of domestic waste sorting. The assumption put forward is that attitudes (A), subjective norms (SN), environmental perceptions (C), policy and publicity (PP), and perceived behavioral control (PBC), enhanced the behavioral intentions (I) of Fuyang residents toward domestic waste sorting. To assess this hypothesis, we analyzed the questionnaire data using SPSS AMOS 27, and the results showed that policy and publicity, environmental cognition, attitudes, and perceived behavior control were shown to positively influence the behavior intentions of the residents of Fu Yang city toward household waste classification.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.33.0_499

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DOI： 10.3303/CET2189085

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129089

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126358

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DOI： 10.1007/s12649-019-00861-0

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DOI： 10.3303/CET2078054

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DOI： 10.4491/eer.2018.334

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DOI： 10.3303/CET2078086

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X19862042

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DOI： 10.1007/s11356-018-3498-5

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DOI： 10.1088/1755-1315/307/1/012019

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DOI： 10.3390/su11051228

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-018-0807-5

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DOI： 10.1504/IJEWM.2019.099015

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Iran Solid Waste Association  

DOI： 10.22034/gjesm.2018.04.01.003

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DOI： 10.22034/gjesm.2018.04.002

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DOI： 10.1088/1755-1315/159/1/012041

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.110

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.200

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DOI： 10.22034/gjesm.2018.04.02.001

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DOI： 10.3303/CET1863060

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DOI： 10.22034/GJESM.2018.03.001

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X/18790800

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X18785722

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DOI： 10.1088/1755-1315/159/012046

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DOI： 10.3303/CET1863058

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X17738338

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.033

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-016-0540-x

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DOI： 10.22034/gjesm.2017.03.04.005

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DOI： 10.2208/journalofjsce.5.1_123

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DOI： 10.3303/CET1756005

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X16666944

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-014-0330-2

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.014

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-013-0201-2

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DOI： 10.4172/2252-5211.1000140

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DOI： 10.30638/eemj.2012.180

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Publisher：Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management  

The amount of disaster waste caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 11th, 2011 was estimated at 22 million tons in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures. For the sake of keeping and sorting a massive disaster waste, it needs many temporal storage yards according to the amount. Estimating the amount of disaster waste as soon as possible is useful for planning on restoration and reconstruction. In this study, we propose a method to estimate the amount of disaster waste by getting map information of buildings in the stricken area.  Moreover, evaluation method to find better locations and suitable for temporal storage yard by considering both the estimated amount of waste and the distance between disaster area and temporal storage yard is proposed and support system is developed.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.23.0_193

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Guam island of US accepts about 1.1 million tourists every year comparing topopulation  160,000, and over 80% of tourists is Japanese.  While a tourist stays in the island, many goods used by the tourist become solid waste and also other waste is indirectly generated in the process of supplying the goods or services.  On the other hand, residents in Guam, mainly aboriginal Chamorro, have accepted modern consumption style that people buy commodities in a supermarket and eat in a restaurant, thus, the amount of waste discharge has increased.  Due to less resources and small number of industries except tourism, Guam island has to import many goods from oversea.  In this study, it is assumed that the amount of waste discharge depends on consumption behaviors of household, government and tourists, and economics of Guam is supported by tourist’s expense.  Based on the assumptions, future waste discharge from household until 2020 is projected through developing IO table, future prediction of population, and future scenario of population and tourism.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.23.0_81

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DOI： 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.01.016

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DOI： 10.1007/s10661-010-1490-8

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University  

Recent years have witnessed increased attention being given to the evaluation and selection of alternative waste treatment strategies from the view of reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a long period of waste records is necessary for getting acceptably accurate results, especially in calculating GHG emission from disposal site. Therefore, in this paper, applying the systematic approach we have developed in the previous work, the back-casting and ex-post forecasting of the waste quantity by composition in the past is conducted. Then, current GHG emissions in five Chinese metropolitan cities are investigated and analyzed; thereafter, a scenario analysis is carried out in Shanghai based on the forecasts of waste generation and the corresponding waste category in 2015. Methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) are mainly taken into account in GHG emission due to significant amount emitted from waste treatment. The results confirm that the per capita CO₂ emission factor (kg CO₂-eq/kg waste-treated) in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Wuhan and Chengdu in 2007 is 0.48, 0.59, 0.57, 0.41 and 0.48 respectively, thereby demonstrating that economic growth is the main driving force of GHG emissions currently observed in Chinese cities. Further, through the scenario analysis, composting and integrated waste management are considered as effective attempts at reducing GHG emissions in Shanghai.

DOI： 10.3107/jesss.5.27

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.06.016

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DOI： 10.1177/0734242X09343305

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We focused on separating fly ash by particle size in order obtain fractions with different compositions. We then conducted heating experiments on each fraction under a variety of temperature and atmospheric conditions in order to understand the re-synthesis mechanisms of chlorinated aromatics in fly ash and the distributions of PCBs and chlorobenzenes (CBzs) by fly ash particle size. As a result, we found that the contributions of metal catalysts and unburned carbon in the formation of PCBs and CBzs were dependent on heating temperature. The homologue patterns of PCBs and CBzs were almost the same in all fractions of fly ash in the heating experiments. This indicates that all fractions of fly ash had the same formation patterns. The effect of atmosphere on the formation of chlorinated aromatics showed no difference among the fractions. HCl in a nitrogen atmosphere with 10% oxygen did not promote generation of PCBs and CBzs in fly ash. We confirmed that metal chlorides in fly ash were important as a chlorine source rather than HCl gas for the formation of chlorinated aromatics in fly ash.

DOI： 10.3985/jswme.15.336

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DOI： 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00437-5

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The relationship between the bulky density of MSW and its lower heating value was clarified as part of research for the establishment of the MSW feed rate stabilization system in stoker-type MSW incinerator. The compaction characteristic of MSW was also examined through experimentation with artificial MSW.<BR>A strong correlation was admitted to exist between bulky density and the lower heating value of MSW. The presumption of the lower heating value became possible by measuring bulky density, although population and regional difference played an influential role in the bulky density concept.<BR>There was great volume change for MSW in the feed part, and this became crucial when considering the compaction of MSW for the presumption of the MSW feed rate. The compaction characteristic curve obtained by the experiment consisted of the part expressed in the second approximation evaluation and in the first approximation equation. Though the curves depended on the composition of the MSW and/or the compaction experimental method, their shapes were basically similar.

DOI： 10.3985/jswme.14.210

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DOI： 10.1080/10473289.2002.10470831

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

The effect of sodium sulfide (Na₂S) on the formation of chloribnated aromatics such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorobenzenes (CBz) in post combusiton zone (200-500&deg;C) of municipal solid waste incinerator was investigated. When fly ash was heated with mixture of 2% Na₂S at the condition of 300&deg;C and 30min in air with 500ppm hydrogen chloride, total levels of CBz and PCBs decreased by 49% and 22% compared with that of fly ash without addition of Na₂S, respectively. The analysis using the sequential chemical extraction method indicated copper compounds in fly ash changed into copper sulfide. The main inhibiting mechanism was estimated to be the reduction of catalytic activity of fly ash.

DOI： 10.2208/jscej.2001.685_91

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry  

DOI： 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.50.501

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10895046

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management  

It is very important to know the dominant forms of heavy metals in fly ash generated from municipal solid waste incinerators or ash melting plants for consideration of detoxification and recycling. In this study, zinc, lead and copper in fly ash sampled in twenty municipal solid waste incinerators and five ash melting plants were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The dominant zinc compounds were 2ZnCO₃&sdot;3Zn (OH) ₂on the surface of fly ash and Zn or ZnO within the fly ash. PbCO₃and/or PbCl₂on the surface of fly ash were estimated. The chemical forms of copper did not depend on the fly ash type or depth and CuCl₂was not detected. Zinc and lead are therefore predominantly concentrated on the surface of fly ash.

DOI： 10.3985/jswme.12.102

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DOI： 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00431-8

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In this study, dry-type reduction of mercury (II) chloride experiments were conducted using a packed bed with granular tin metal. The purpose of this study was to identify factors effecting the dry-type reduction process and to elucidate the reaction mechanism. In the reduction of mercury (II) chloride, the ratio of chlorinated surface area on tin was a vital factor. Precoating the surface of granular tin metal with 1N hydrochloric acid was effective in maintaining the reducibility. Marcury (II) chloride was reduced to mercury (0) vapor by the following two reactions on the chlorinated surface of tin metal. SnCl_2(s)+HgCl_2(g)→SnCl_4(g)+Hg(g) SnCl_2(s)+HgCl_2(g)+2H_20(g)→SnO_2(s)+Hg(g)+4HCl(g) Also, it is presumed that decreased reducibility was the result of the following oxidative reactions with tin (II) chloride. SnCl_2(s)+H_20(g)→SnO(s)+2HCl(g) SnCl_2(s)+H_20(g)+1/20_2(g)→Sn0_2(s)+2HCl(g)

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DOI： 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00232-5

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It is the goal of this study to identify substances that have critical role in the metallic mercury removal from incineration flue gas by the coexistence with activated carbon and to clarify the metallic mercury removal mechanism by the simulated synthetic fly ash. This synthetic fly ash, which consisted of calcium chloride with 5% activated carbon, showed very high efficiency of over 99% for mercury removal at the temperature of 120℃, the moisture of 20% and air atmosphere. It was found that metallic mercury changed into mercury (II) oxychlorate on the surface of activated carbon and an oxychlorination reaction occurred in the synthetic fly ash at the temperature of air pollution control device. The metallic mercury removal mechanism by the synthetic fly ash is considered to be a chemisorption through the following route; metallic mercury→mercury (II) oxide→mercury (II) chloride→mercury (II) oxychlorate. In order to evaluate the influence of quantity of activated carbon and calcium chloride on metallic mercury removal, the experiments were performed using the synthetic fly ash which consisted of activated carbon, calcium chloride and silicon dioxide. When the calcium chloride content was more than 0.5% in the synthetic fly ash with 5% activated carbon, mercury vapor was completely removed. Whereas, the highest removal efficiencies were obtained when the activated carbon content was ranged from 5 to 7% in the synthetic fly ash with 1% calcium chloride. The mercury removal ability was affected by temperature, if the activated carbon content was very small. Because these phenomena were also observed in the experiments using calcined fly ash with 5% activated carbon, it was supposed that the complex chemical action with activated carbon and calcium chloride was most significant for metallic mercury removal by actual fly ash.

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DOI： 10.3985/jswme.11.333

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DOI： 10.11532/proes1992.37.477

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A microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was used in the extraction of PCBs and chlorobenzenes from municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained at the conditions of: 120&deg;C of extraction temperature over 50 minutes of extraction time. At the most effective conditions, the efficiency and the precision of the MAE method were evaluated by comparing PCB and chlorobenzene levels to those of the soxhlet extraction and the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method, by using eight types of fly ash. MAE seems to be a viable alternative to soxhlet extraction and SFE. However, unburned carbon in the fly ash had a bad influence on the efficiency of the removal of PCBs and chlorobenzenes by MAE. The mutual relationship between chlorobenzenes and unburned carbon in fly ash was sufficiently estimated. As MAE has many advantages over soxhlet extraction, such as a shorter extraction time and a lower use of organic solvent, it is adequate for the extraction of PCBs and chlorobenzenes from fly ash.

DOI： 10.3985/jswme.10.331

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In the law for&ldquo;Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging&rdquo;, liquefaction is outlined as one of the resource recovery methods for &lsquo;plastic containers with the exception of PET bottles&rsquo;. In this study, an evaluation method is proposed for the liquefaction of plastic wastes over a wide area involving several local governments from the stand points of energy consumption, environmental impacts, and running costs.<BR>The northern part of Shikoku has been selected and six simulated cases with variable plastic collection ratio, locations of pretreatment and liquefaction plants were calculated. The following results were concluded: 1) approximately four times of the energy which is invested in liquefaction is yielded, 2) environmental impacts of energy consumption (CO₂, NOx and consumption of landfill space) and&lsquo;transportation costs&rsquo;are considerably lower than those for&lsquo;facilities&rsquo;, 3) due to scale merits the larger plant is able to save more on energy consumption and costs than the smaller plant.

DOI： 10.3985/jswme.10.25

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DOI： 10.1080/02772249909358843

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DOI： 10.18943/safety.37.2_72

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan  

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.22.1103

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan  

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.22.846

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DOI： 10.1016/0045-6535(89)90331-7

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Total pages：257   Language：Japanese

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management  

Many local governments in Japan have stipulated that labels should be removed for separate collection of PET bottles, but recently there has been a method of making labels made of PET and recycling them together with PET bottles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount of waste reduction and material recycling that can be achieved by recycling labels and bottles together, and for this purpose, we proposed a method of estimating the amount of PET bottles from households based on household consumption.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.32.0_21

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From the viewpoints of marine plastic problems and global warming issues, reduction of marine pollution of plastics and conversion of 3Rs and renewable resources are required. Durable and hygienic PET bottles are indispensable to our lives because of their convenience. However, they account for 6% of the total amount of plastic waste every year in Japan. The purpose of this study is to construct a material flow (MFA) for PET bottle labels in Japan. As the results, the amount of PET bottle labels discarded in 2019 were calculated. The amount of labels calculated using the weight ratio of bottles to labels is about 26,000 tons, while the amount of labels calculated using the average weight of labels is about 25,000 tons. Comparing the two calculation methods, there was a difference of 200 tons for roll labels and 1,000 tons for shrink labels. This is probably because the ratio of roll labels to shrink labels is assumed and the capacity of PET bottles is not distinguished.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.32.0_23

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

Typhoon No. 19 hit the Shimizu coast in Shizuoka Prefecture on October 12, 2019, recording the maximum wave height on this coast. During storm waves associated with this typhoon, no damage was recorded in the newly-constructed new-type groin with the combination of piles and concrete blocks, but damage occurred in a longitudinal ordinary-type groin. The shoreline significantly receded and water depth increased immediately north of the groin, so wave run-up over the seawall and deposition of gravel inside the seawall increased. The wave and meteorological conditions during this typhoon and wave-overtopping and erosion damages were investigated.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejoe.76.2_i_318

DOI： 10.2208/jscejj.24-17134_references_DOI_84ADWsumUpTMAoMVpbOtdzEc1hd

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Due to the heavy rain that hit western Japan in July 2018, a large-scale flood occurred in Manabi-cho, Kurashiki city on the 7th, which caused about 440,000 tons of flooded waste. When the cleaning of houses starts after the disaster, they are discharged all at once in the area, which causes a shortage of storage space and waiting for garbage collection. In previous research 1), it was found that if the collection of waste is delayed, the storage space becomes full, which causes illegal discharge. In the event of a disaster, it is necessary to smoothly collect and remove disaster waste from the disaster area, and for that purpose, it is important to first understand the characteristics of the waste discharge time of clean-up waste. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey on the victims of Mabi-machi, Kurashiki City, clarified the emission characteristics and emission timing of each type of cleanup waste, and created an emission model. Then, for the waste discharge from the target area, a collection strategy was established and a collection simulation was conducted.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.31.0_117

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Due to the heavy rain that hit West Japan in July 2018, a large-scale flood occurred in Maki-machi, Kurashiki city due to the river collapse on the 7th, and the heavy rain that hit West Japan in July resulted in 7 in Mabi-cho, Kurashiki-shi. Large-scale floods occurred daily due to river collapse, resulting in approximately 440,000 tons of flood damage. When the house cleaning starts, they are discharged all at once in the area, which causes a shortage of storage space and waiting for garbage collection. In Mabi-cho, there is an illegal discharge site where citizens can bring in garbage by car under the elevated road construction site along National Route 486 and under the Ihara Railway Ihara Line, and the Self-Defense Forces will remove it. In order to control the discharge of clean-up trash immediately after the occurrence of a disaster and to make a plan to collect it quickly, it is effective to first analyze the clean-up trash discharge behavior actually taken by the victims. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey on the victims of Mabi-machi, Kurashiki city, and analyzed the recognition of discharge rules, the possibility of separation, the place of waste discharge, and the reason why they were dumped at illegal discharge sites.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.31.0_113

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DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.26.0_371

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As a first step of research on evaluating effectiveness<br>of distributed biomass recycling system of business facility or regional unit,<br>in this study, we estimated the quantity of biomass waste which is generated<br>from green area, agricultural field, and cafeterias on a big campus of Okayama<br>University.  Each quantity of pruned fruits<br>branch, cut grass, rice straw, and animal waste was estimated by using the<br>calculation method of NEDO, crop waste was estimated by using a farm report published<br>by Faculty of Agriculture, and pruned and fallen leaves were estimated by using<br>the allometry method which estimates amount of leaves based on trunk diameter<br>and tree height.  The amount of the<br>kitchen waste generated from university cafeteria was figured out by hearing to<br>university Co-op.  As a result, it was<br>found that the amount of biomass waste generated on Okayama University campus is<br>1,454 ton/year.  If the biomass is burned<br>or used for bio gas generation, the electricity generation will be 6,765<br>GJ/year.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.26.0_19

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DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.25.0_59

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Iskandar Malaysia (IM) is a new economic region in Malaysia’s<br>most southern state, Johor. The region is targeted for massive development by<br>2025 with a targeted rapid increase in the population to 3<br><br>million, or double the 2005 level, within the 20-year development period. IM<br>was chosen as the study area of “Low-carbon society for Iskandar Malaysia 2025”<br>which has an action “Sustainable Waste Management” in 12 countermeasure actions<br>towards climate resilient urban development for Iskandar Malaysia. In this<br>paper, we evaluated alternative solid waste management towards the building of<br>both a sound material society and a low-carbon society. This study covers five<br>sectors namely management of municipal solid waste, agricultural waste,<br>industrial waste, sewage sludge, and construction and demolition waste. Our target<br>is half reduction of landfill waste and half of GHG emitted from waste handling<br>and treatment. Our result shows that both the target are achievable in 2025<br>with the reduction of 65%, 79%, 81%, 10%, 69% of waste and reduction as GHG<br>emission as well, respectively. Targets are achievable under the condition of<br>high participation and segregation efficiency in 2025.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.24.0_75

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<br><br>In the recent year, there is the trend of municipal<br>solid waste (MSW) decreasing in many local governments.  Some of the reasons of<br>this trend are due to changes in socioeconomic<br>factor such as decreasing in population number and economic stagnation and positive impact factor of<br>3R – reduce, reuse, recycle; promotion. However, it is<br>difficult to explain the reason of MSW decreasing through decoupling the effects<br>from each factor.  It is required for<br>local government to make planning of treatment facility from long time prospect<br>of waste discards.  In this study, we conduct waste characterization<br>test to analyze the relationship between consumption and waste discards for<br>targeted Okayama City, and develop a model for projecting future waste discards<br>based on a scenario of economic stagnation or recycling promotion.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.24.0_13

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：土木学会  

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Pacific island country without having manufacturing industry emphasizies on tourism industry which utilizes the natural resources. Island country imports lots of foods and commodity goods from oversea countries to supply for tourists during their stays, moreover, changes in resident's lifestyle from 'thrift type' to 'waste type' increases the amount import even more. The goods consumed by resident or tourist, has been disposed and stored in the island, and at present, the stored waste causes environmental pollution and landscape deterioration. Since small island country has difficulty in constructing final landfill, it is important to prevent waste generation due to construct a sound material-cycle society with a view of collaboration with foreign countries. For this purpose, by considering development in island economy and change in lifestyle of island people, it is necessary to identify the quality and quantity of solid waste which is generated at the present and future.<br> In this research, Guam, a territory of U.S., is targeted. First of all, input-output table is developed to grasp the current economic situation of the island, and secondly, scenarios which are composed of changes in population of residents, future number of tourists, and expenditure to tourism industry are created. Then, the amount of discharged future household waste is estimated by considering economic ripple effect under the scenario.

DOI： 10.2208/jscejer.68.i_41

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The new Malaysia modern city, Putrajaya is being developed rapidly according to the transfer of central government functions from capital city Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia government is planning to make Putrajaya the showcase city for 'Pioneer Township in Green Technology' through 'Putrajaya Green City 2025' preliminary study. As part of '3R Putrajaya' that tackles solid waste management, with the target to reduce half of both landfilled waste amount and GHG emission from waste management counter measures compare to the BaU (Business as Usual) case, we developed planning on low carbon collection and treatment of municipal solid waste using GIS software. Base on seven scenario options of waste treatment in 2025, waste transportation route, distance, GHG emission, and cost were calculated. Each scenario options were compared and the best alternative for low carbon waste transportation was proposed.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.22.0.33.0

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In order to modify the waste charging in Taiwan, it is imperative to examine the feasibility and policy effects of the operating pay-as-you-throw (PAST) systems. Therefore, this study aims at analyzing the policy effect of the PAST system in Taipei City where sufficient waste data regarding the PAST is available. Meanwhile, other influencing factors of HSW generation in Taipei City would be exploited so that efficient policy measures for waste reduction could be proposed.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.21.0.301.0

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Japan is one of the countries experiencing the most serious flood disasters in the world. In recent years, flood disasters resulted from intensive heavy rainfall events occur frequently, leading to a lot of victims. When such flood disaster occurs, a large amount of flood disaster waste, e.g. household goods, would be discharge from flood-damaged houses. Hence, in this sense, a lot of problems would happen, such as disordered waste collection and transportation activities and the insufficient emergent capability of waste treatment facilities, etc. However, to conduct quick and proper waste collection and transportation programs, firstly the estimation of flood disaster waste discharge is required. Therefore, take one past flood event in Kurashiki City as a case study, this research conducted a questionnaire survey, estimated the amount of its flood disaster waste discharge based on the survey results in support of waste collection, transportation and treatment actions, and consequently examined the reproducibility of the flood disaster waste discharge process.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.21.0.40.0

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Nowadays about 5% of industrial wastes (22 million ton) are not recycled. One reason of this problem is that are unavailable for the factories to look up an optimal process flow. Thus this study aims to develop a technology database of treatment process, cost, energy consumed, and environmental loading of the process for industrial waste so that the most efficient and environmental-friendly process flow can be easily searched. Microsoft Excel is used to establish the platform of the database and to develop the interface of data input. Further, estimation formulas can be performed in this database system and parameters for advanced evaluation can be easily queried. By this developed system, after inputting the initial values of a processing, the whole flow the list of process flow candidates will be shown and the comparisons between the theoretical output and actual measurements can be performed. Further, advanced financial and environmental evaluation of the interested process can be achieved.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.21.0.26.0

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/2433/153311

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-008-0233-1

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DOI： 10.1007/s10163-008-0233-1

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記事種別: 特集 ; 会議・学会報告・シンポジウム

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DOI： 10.1177/2009.9.11

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Society of Environmental Conservation Engineering  

The policy of waste to energy (WTE) has been promoted as an important policy for alternative energy and one of the principle infrastructure plans of the Japanese government. However, problems with dioxin have necessitated various changes of WTE technology, and WTE facilities now must have flue gas treatment equipment with long-chain process , ash melting furnace , and gasification and melting furnace. Although WTE facilities with the disposal capacity of 300t/d or greater have been considered to be more effective and desirable, the number of these facilities has not increased, and WTE facilities with capacity of less than 300t/d have been increasing in compliance with the dioxin guidelines for continuous combustion and regional waste disposal. This study investigates and analyzes the generation, purchase and consumption of electricity / fossil fuels using the operation and maintenance data of all of WTE facilities operated in 2007 in Japan. Our findings show that the smaller the capacity of WTE facility , the greater the consumption of electricity and energy per ton. In the future it may be recommended that WTE facilities of 300t/d or greater be increased and the ash from several WTE facilities be treated jointly.

DOI： 10.5956/jriet.38.624

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A one-month survey focused on 100 households was conducted in Can Tho City. The household solid waste was collected from each household and classified into 83 categories. The results showed that the average household solid waste generation in Can Tho City was 0.29 kg per capita per day with high compostable portion and recyclable as 82% and 10%, respectively. The household solid waste generation rate (kg/cap/day) was positively correlated with the population density, while it was negatively correlated with the household size. Moreover, the discharge amount per capita per day of household solid waste by each fraction is positively correlated with the urbanization level.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.20.0.281.0

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The policy of waste to energy (WTE) has been promoted as an important policy for alternative energy and one of the principle infrastructure plans of the Japanese government. However, problems with dioxin have necessitated various changes of WTE technology, and WTE facilities now must have flue gas treatment equipment with long-chain process , ash melting furnace , and gasification and melting furnace. Although WTE facilities with the disposal capacity of 300t/d or greater have been considered to be more effective and desirable, the number of these facilities has not increased, and WTE facilities with capacity of less than 300t/d have been increasing in compliance with the dioxin guidelines for continuous combustion and regional waste disposal. This study investigates and analyzes the generation, purchase and consumption of electricity / fossil fuels using the operation and maintenance data of all of WTE facilities operated in 2007 in Japan. Our findings show that the smaller the capacity of WTE facility , the greater the consumption of electricity and energy per ton. In the future it may be recommended that WTE facilities of 300t/d or greater be increased and the ash from several WTE facilities be treated jointly.

DOI： 10.5956/jriet.38.624

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DOI： 10.14912/jswmepac.19.0.300.0

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The waste collection and transfer system is requisite for establishing widen regional waste management in prefectural level. In this study, we propose a new method to estimate transport distance between collection area and the waste transfer facility by using GIS and to solve optimal location problem of the facility. Takahasi block, that is a group of local municipalities located in the northern west of Okayama prefecture, is selected as a target area of this case study. Firstly, waste emission map is created based on not only the information of collection area and municipal solid waste by the treatment facility but also the information of population and households by the town. Secondly, we proposed an algorithm of generating a group of the adjusted waste collection area so that waste collection volume in the area can approach to the loading capacity limitation. In order to evaluate the distance between the collection area and the transfer facility, 'the weighted average transport distance with the waste amount' per one trip of collection car is proposed. Finally, the one-dimensional search method along the trunk line is applied for solving the location optimization problem of the waste transfer facility. Additionally, this result is compared to the transport distance of the current treatment condition based on local incineration, moreover, the proposed models is compared to Grid City Model.

DOI： 10.2208/proer.36.299

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The waste collection and transfer system is requisite for establishing widen regional waste management in prefectural level. In this study, we propose a new method to estimate transport distance between collection area and the waste transfer facility by using GIS and to solve optimal location problem of the facility. Takahasi block, that is a group of local municipalities located in the northern west of Okayama prefecture, is selected as a target area of this case study. Firstly, waste emission map is created based on not only the information of collection area and municipal solid waste by the treatment facility but also the information of population and households by the town. Secondly, we proposed an algorithm of generating a group of the adjusted waste collection area so that waste collection volume in the area can approach to the loading capacity limitation. In order to evaluate the distance between the collection area and the transfer facility, 'the weighted average transport distance with the waste amount' per one trip of collection car is proposed. Finally, the one-dimensional search method along the trunk line is applied for solving the location optimization problem of the waste transfer facility. Additionally, this result is compared to the transport distance of the current treatment condition based on local incineration, moreover, the proposed models is compared to Grid City Model.

DOI： 10.2208/proer.36.299

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Capacity planning of municipal solid waste (MSW) processing system, including the intermediate treatment and disposal facilities, is crucial in MSW management system, especially for the developing countries. Inappropriate intermediate treatment and disposal of MSW would lead to detrimental damage to the public health and natural environment. Moreover, the MSW emission rate in terms of the socioeconomic changes should be further considered in the capacity planning on MSW system. By using the estimation model system of MSW emission, established in the author's previous work, this study aims to conduct a short-term capacity forecasting of MSW processing system, up to 2011. Possible ranges of the available remaining capacity of MSW processing system are projected based on the assumed scenarios. Such capacity forecasting will provide necessary information for the policy decision-makers.

DOI： 10.14912/jswmepac.19.0.303.0

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers  

An estimation model of household's waste which is available for local government to make plans of waste management was developed. The mass of household waste is estimated using household's final consumption expenditure, household's attributes, price of goods, and waste conversion rate. The model is a comprehensive multilayered model representing consumption structure. LES (Linier Expenditure System) model is applied to disaggregate the fmal consumption expenditure to expenditures of major consumption categories, and the multinomial logit model is applied to disaggregate the major consumption expenditure to expenditures of intermediate consumption categories, constant rate is used to disaggregate the intermediate consumption expenditure to the expenditures of small categories, and the expenditure disaggregated finally is converted to the mass of corresponding waste category. This model was applied to estimate the waste generation of Kyoto city using the census of household consumption, as a result, effectiveness of the model was proved through evaluating error in the estimation of kitchen garbage.

DOI： 10.2208/proer.35.471

CiNii Article

J-GLOBAL

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