Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：農村計画学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

This study aimed to identify barriers that prevent rural community from taking residents' collective action to chase off monkeys employing conceptual decision-making process model as an analytical framework, and discussed possible supports by local government to overcome the barriers identified and to increase the community engagement in collective action to chase off monkeys. The data was collected through intensive interview with representatives of 19 rural communities in Iga city that have not carried out collective action to chase off monkeys.<br>Our analysis clarified a set of barriers in the each stage of decision-making process that prevent rural residents from taking collective action to drive away monkeys. There are three major barriers identified through this study. The first is the lack of problem recognition. Many interviewees in this study showed poor recognition about damages caused by monkeys. The second is the negative evaluation about the effectiveness of collective chase-off of monkeys. The third is the lack of labors participating in collecting chase-off of monkeys. The government should provide correct information about the effectiveness of collective action to chase off monkeys, and solve the misunderstanding that women and elderly people are ineffective labors to chase off monkeys.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.84.I_307

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

Agglomeration and connectivity of wild boar habitat in the island of Seto Inland Sea Area with citrus fruit production were measured in this paper. As a result, woodland as natural habitat is separated n=44 patch by cultivated fields, while connected woodland by abandoned fields as additional habitat collects together n=13 patch. The maximum patch size is 12.3ha of woodland, while that expands into 41.0ha of connected habitat. Additionally, if cultivated field with no fence behaves as corridor between habitat patch, 80% of habitat area is connected. We showed also the locating method of key patch and corridor with described habitat connectivity by the graph. We can say that fences have function to protect the field itself, but also habitat management function to fragment wild boar habitat in the area, resulting in blocking wild boar inhabitation around cultivated filed.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.83.I_25

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We discussed the development of rural planning theory in late Taisho and early Showa period, paying special attention to the framework of rural planning proposed by Nobuyoshi Yamazaki. Yamazaki's proposal had the following features: 1) the rural area was regarded as a unique space, which required its own planning institution, in contraposition to urban area where city planning had been put in place, 2) both vertical and horizontal integration and coordination of rural administrative plans were necessary, in order for such planning institution to work effectively, and 3) proposed framework of rural planning also included the improvement of living environment as one of important areas along with economic development, which, presumably, was the influence of municipal socialism of the western society.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.33.463

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010891723

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

In Taiwan, decontamination of heavy-metal polluted land has been conducted since 2000 under the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act. The large part of polluted-farmland has been decontaminated successfully. However, the recent study shed the light on the issue of fallow and abandoned farmland which experienced decontamination treatment. The objective of this study is to clarify the present land use of decontaminated farmland and to identify the geography factors affecting re-cultivation of farmland after the decontamination treatment. We took Chang-hua as a case study area, which is known to have the largest number and area of contaminated farmland. We conducted GIS and statistical analysis based on the field survey to identify the present use of farmland after the decontamination treatment and factors affecting the distribution of contaminated farmland and re-cultivation after the decontamination treatment. Our analyses clarified that 1) less number of decontaminated farmland sites have been re-cultivated, 2) farmland located in urbanized areas with heavily-polluted farmland in its vicinity tend to be fallowed or abandoned after the decontamination treatment, and in contrast, 3) farmland surrounded with paddy farmland tend to be re-cultivated after the decontamination.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.83.21

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.34.369

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Bottom-up and governance paradigms are becoming more prevalent in rural community planning in East Asia. Rural communities must enhance their institutional capacities, which are the baseline for planning future changes. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between institutional capacity and rural community planning. Using a quantitative method of event history analysis, we compared the hazards of establishing conferences and plan approval from the Sato-dzukuri of Kobe City, Japan. We examined the effect of institutional capacity on rural community planning for the conference establishment and plan approval. We found that knowledge resources and relational resources are related to the proxy mobilization capacity for conference establishment. These resources are related to plan approval, although no relationship exists between conference establishment and plan approval. Conferences can be planned more rapidly than plans for approval can be, although both require substantial time. Communities with rural contexts present more rapid conference establishment than do suburban areas, whereas there are no significant differences in plan approval. This suggests that rural communities require more effort for the plan approval process. Rural community planning should judiciously address issues of institutional capacity regarding restrained knowledge resources and progress management, and should maintain vigilance regarding administration to achieve local governance.

DOI： 10.1007/s10333-013-0359-1

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Other Link： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10333-013-0359-1/fulltext.html

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

There is a growing interest in the small-scale hydropower generation project that utilize irrigation canal operated by land improvement districts (LIDs) due to the introduction of feed-in tariff as well as amendment of land improvement law. However, only a few studies have identified obstacles faced with LIDs when they introduce the small-scale hydropower generation into their irrigation facilities. Taking Toyama prefecture as a case study area, this study conducted interview surveys to the Shōgawa Rengo LID, Toyama federation of land improvement association and Toyama prefectural government, to identify obstacles that Shōgawa Rengo LID faced with when it introduces the small-scale hydropower generation into its irrigation facilities and the way how it coped with those obstacles. In addition, questionnaire survey was carried out directed at twenty LIDs with potential to introduce the small-scale hydropower generation system, which identified that LIDs do not always have enough knowledge and experience necessary to handle administrative procedures as well as consultation with stakeholders, due to lack of human and financial resources, when they introduce a small-scale hydropower generation system. Finally, this study suggested that the federation of land improvement association could fill those gaps as it has enough technical expertise and experience to support LIDs.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.82.357

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We discussed the philosophical and methodological characteristics of &ldquo;Choson-ze&ldquo;, which presumably is the first effort of rural planning practiced in the formation of modern Japan, and the development of Choson-ze by separating the mid to late Meiji period into four periods: 1)The predecessor of Choson-ze was proposed as the set of measures for local economic development, known as &ldquo;Kogyo-iken&rdquo; by Masana Maeda. 2)The idea was taken over by Keisuke Tanaka a provincial governor of Ukiha-gun, Fukuoka-prefecture. Tanaka formulated Gun-ze and Chouson-ze for his jurisdictional areas, which spread to other rural areas as a voluntary effort to improve rural economy. 3)Yodo-Sonze formulated by Koutaro Mori, a village mayor of Yodo, Ehime-prefecture, was one of example, reflecting local realities and modifications to original idea. 4)Later, Choson-ze was integrated into the Local Improvement Movement led by the Japanese government and homogenized in terms of the content.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.33.380

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010890396

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

Today, more than 90% of Japan's citizens are Internet users; even rural residents can now access it with the same ease as city dwellers. As a result of rising number of users, more rural residents are becoming incr easingly affected by the Internet. On one hand, the Internet presents them with an enhanced opportunities for daily communication; on the other hand, concurrently, there are disadvantages: we assume, for example, that Internet users in rural areas lose interest in their own regional communities as they spend more time on the Internet. In this study, we focus on the "sense of region" among Internet users who live in hilly and mountainous areas. As a result of our analysis, we found that Internet users—especially users of social networking sites, including Twitter—tend to have a lower interest in their own regions, as compared to those who do not use the Internet for such purposes. Following this result, it is important to determine the ways of Internet usage that will deliver positive effects to these regions, before the negative influence can proliferate.

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.49.316

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870283

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

In this study, we analyze the current state of Internet use in rural China, on the basis of the results of a questionnaire survey of residents of a village in Inner Mongolia. We looked to determine the factors that affect human attitudes toward Internet use in rural areas. Today, the number of Internet users among farmers in rural areas is very small. Based on the results of our research, we found that the Internet use groups are distinguished by four factors: basic computer knowledge, the nature of employment (farmer vs. nonfarmer), television use, and advantages related to Internet use. To resolve problems relating to Internet use among farmers, the advantages inherent in Internet use should be advertised, and information relating to basic computer knowledge should be disseminated. F urthermore, multiple routes of information delivery are required.

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.49.113

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010853206

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

In this study, we clarify the role model components of those staff members who work for a municipal branch office, in support of local communities; we take Toyota city as the case study area. A questionnaire survey was executed in this study, among all staff members of the 12 branch offices of Toyota city. Our analysis identified three role model components among local officers: (1) From the viewpoint of residents, these officers take actions to explore and address the challenges that local communities face, (2) They derive a sense of satisfaction from being a staff member who takes charge of community affairs, and (3) They undertake efforts to share their knowledge and experience as administrative officers with local residents. The results of our analysis suggest that it is important for the government to consider how to enhance role model components within the context of human resource development.

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.49.201

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010853221

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

The actual hunting area and ranges of hunting activities of hunters using guns and hounds are clarified and the contribution of these hunting activities on the establishment of a forest-farmland buffer zone is examined. In this study, a hunting group from a suburban area in Ehime Prefecture, targeting Japanese wild boar is examined. The landscape factors affecting hunters travelling distance is also studied. As a result, the hunting group in this study focused their activities on narrow, 600 m-wide bands around settlement. In such cases, a habitat management effect peculiar to hunting with guns and hounds can also be expected, as it keeps wildlife away from settlements and in the process generates a buffer zone along farmland peripheries. The study also shows that the burden of movement on hunters is closely related to the elevation, road conditions and degree of farmland clustering of the hunting zones.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.81.177

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

The diagnostic method of rural area, composed by two parallel programs of local situation survey and damage-by-wildlife situation survey, is applied on a paddy agricultural settlement in Wakayama Prefecture. After that, local meetings are held where to share the results of surveys and discuss the improvement of countermeasure against wildlife. At the same time, questionnaire was conducted for participants of meetings, to examine the effectiveness to reach a consensus on the improvement of countermeasure. The influence of the method on improvements carried out after surveys in fact are also examined. The results are followed; the local situation survey with the intention survey to every resident is useful to make good grounds of proposing the better countermeasure. It is useful for constructing of local agreement, especially for corporative working system of countermeasure and improvement of land use. The damage-by-wildlife situation survey gives objective and visual data about wildlife behavior, and makes it possible for local people to learn weak points of present countermeasure. The combination of two surveys makes it possible to show the relationship between the situation of workers and land use in the settlement and damage by wildlife. It is useful for the consideration of comprehensive improvement of countermeasure. Corporative survey of residents, officers and supporters gives residents to learn about the settlement and effective countermeasure against wildlife, resulting in agreement for proposal countermeasure.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.81.17

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/10028800827?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In Taiwan, decontamination of heavy-metal polluted land has been conducted since 2000 under the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act. About eighty percent of the polluted-farmland has been decontaminated successfully since then. However, it has been reported that some of the farmlands have been kept idle even after the decontamination treatments. The objective of this study is to identify factors affecting re-cultivation of the contaminated-farmland after the decontamination treatments, through questionnaire survey and geographical information system (GIS).

DOI： 10.2750/arp.32.233

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870428

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

Recently, Japanese agricultural and rural development projects initiated by national and local governments have increasingly begun to rely on collective participation by the community to be successful. These projects often need to establish activity organization which requires participation of various actors in community. We attempted to identify the characteristics of activity organization by social network method and questionnaire survey which was collected from Kouzaki District in Kameoka city, Kyoto prefecture. As a result, it was suggested that they have different aspects from the viewpoint of Social Network and Social Capital. Especially, and there is core group which performs important role in the activity organization. In addition, we confirmed that core organization has more Social Capital than other local organizations.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.32.299

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870439

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We tried to identify problems of wildlife management from the viewpoint of co-management. Questionnaire survey was employed to clarify excess and deficiency of coping-abilities of municipal governments: knowledge, skills, manpower and budget for wildlife management. As a result, we found that many municipalities had enough budget over the area of damage control with supports from prefectural government. However, we also found that manpower, knowledge and skill are still lacking to effectively deal with wildlife management. From this result, we suggest that a government and prefecture have to support in the area of securing staff resources and acquiring skill in municipalities.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.32.281

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870436

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study focused on Subjective Well-Being(SWB) of residents in rural area, and investigated how SWB of residents and its determinants differ between areas with different features. We employed the capital approach in this study to analyze how combinations of different capitals would influence on residents' SWB. The city of Nantan was chosen as a case study area, which was divided into three parts (urban/suburban/rural area) using statistical data. Then we compared the mean SWB of residents, and conducted multiple regression analysis to identify which factor had significant effect on SWB of residents in each area. Our analysis clarified that personal factors such as income and health status had similar effect on SWB in all areas while factors related to living circumstances such as road conditions and trust in neighbors had different effect among areas.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.32.167

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870417

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study aims to clarify the features of community plans based on the &ldquo;Rural Rejuvenation Act&rdquo;(RRA), choosing Miaoli county of Taiwan as a case study area. We scrutinized planning documents made by national and county government and conducted interview to government officials who take charge in Rural Rejuvenation. As a result, we clarified two features: 1) the form of planning document is developed by the government but contents are different from community to community, combining various hard and soft programs to deal with varying characteristics of local communities. 2) Although most of plans combines both hard and soft programs in a comprehensive manner, they put more emphasis on the hard programs such as industry promotion, landscape, conservation of environmental and cultural properties as well as traditional buildings.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.32.239

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010870429

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

In this study, we clarified socio-economic background and geographical characteristics of the heavy metal contamination of farmland in Taiwan and identified limits of an existing institution to cope with contaminated farmland. Main cause of heavy metal contamination of farmland is ill-treated wastewater discharged by factories into agricultural canals, which contaminates water quality and sediments. Thus, the contaminated farmland can often be observed in urban and sub-urban areas. Such phenomena are linked to weak-enforceability of land use regulation and factory effluent standard. Also, decontamination method can only reduce contamination level of farmland without eliminating sources of heavy-metal contamination, causing gradual expansion of contaminated farmland. Finally, we proposed that, in order to cope with heavy metal contamination of farmland in Taiwan, 1) decontamination method should be improved so that it can deal with the contaminated sites and surrounding areas as a whole, 2) land use regulation and factory effluent standard should be improved both by tightening the control over illegal activity and by setting more stringent conditions to assure better water quality for agriculture, and 3) location of factories should be spatially, well-coordinated making best use of the opportunity of farmland consolidation projects.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.80.489

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

An availability of the Internet in rural area is now close to that in urban area in Japan. But generally, it is still considered that it's difficult for inhabitants in rural area, who are mostly elderly, to use the Internet. But communication via the Internet is very important for rural inhabitants to recognize what matters in their areas and how to solve it themselves, cooperating with various kinds of stakeholders. In this research, we identified the current condition of digital divide in 3 small regions in Kyoto prefecture and discussed what the causes of it are and how to improve such condition from now on.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.31.261

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834260

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study aims to grasp the characteristics and execution of human resource development project "Rural rejuvenation projection and Manpower training plan" in Taiwan. The project which is public policy to develop the rural community's resident to participate and concern their community problem, make future development's vision, action plan and finally complete their own rural rejuvenation plan. Finally three characteristics were clarified: 1)Lecture is not only indoor lecture but also visitation, workshop, negotiation technology, laboratory etc. 2)The lecture's teacher from designed abundant teacher data base 3)project is respect the resident's motivation and how to solve the real problem.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.31.291

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834265

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study focuses on implementation system of wildlife management in six prefectures of Kinki region from the view point of governmental organizational structures. The roles and relationships of relevant departments and their subsidiary bodies were clarified through interview surveys to prefectural officials, which were then classified into three types. The performances and problems of the three types of implementation system of wildlife management were identified by the interview to municipal officials in charge of wildlife management. We identified that 1) three implementation systems showed different performances and problems in their operation and cooperation with municipalities, 2) cooperation among relevant departments and their subsidiary bodies with different authorities are of crucial importance to deal with wildlife management and also to provide support for municipalities and 3) liaison and adjustment between prefectures and municipalities are important for effective wildlife management.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.31.339

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834273

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

To show a formation process of continuing support system for Intermediate and Mountainous Area by the city dwellers, this study focuses on the volunteer activity, &ldquo;Furusato Volunteer&rdquo;, initiated by Kyoto Prefecture. Interview and questionnaire survey were employed. The process was separated into three stages. In the first stage, participants join the volunteer because of satisfaction of the activity. In the second stage, they join the activity largely because of human relationships in the area. In the third stage, the relationship makes them feel that they want to support the area more often and they make a volunteer organization by themselves.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.31.285

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834264

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this study, we drew a network structure between the existing organizations, using the method which converts 2-mode to 1-mode graph. In addition, we were able to visualize the network structure with multiple layers of existing organizations using hierarchical cluster analysis. The reality of network existing organizations involved in community improvement projects has not been disclosed so far. It will be able to get a step by the results of this research, and go to improve the network between the existing organizations.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.31.273

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834262

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

Recently, Japanese agricultural and rural development projects initiated by national and local governments have increasingly begun to rely on collective participation by the community to be successful. We attempted to identify the characteristics of rural residents that enhance a project's performance. We focused on residents'personal experiences of engaging in crime prevention, working with NPOs, participating in environmental conservation, etc. We determined that such experiences are likely to enhance a project's performance. The experiences of working with NPOs and participating in community meetings significantly influenced the performance of projects, as they allowed residents to evaluate projects.

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.48.240

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010834198

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

This study takes Iwamura district as a case study area to examine how the traditional governancesystems of local organizations such as neighborhood associations and local government interventions influence theestablishment and functions of a new governing institution, the Machidzukuri council. This council was established as a coalition of existing community organizations, which inherited the existing organizational decision-making process. In particular, after the establishment of the council, the government of Ena continued to subsidize community organizations even after being subordinated by the council, which seemed to maintain the traditional governing structure instead of helping the council embrace the roles played by those traditional organizations. In order to improve the situation, we contend that the council should build a shared vision by listening to the voices of community organizations so that they can be effectively coordinated under the new institution. The government of Ena should also be careful when subsidizing community o rganizations in order to avoidimpeding the effective functioning of the council.

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.48.64

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010833119

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Center for Environmental Information Science  

With fast Internet access spreading in Japan, broadband network or mobile network has recently been getting available even in many rural areas located in hilly and mountainous areas. There has been a growing number of community development practices using SNS. It is strongly expected that ICT is used even in rural areas for purpose of vitalizing communication and information transmission among residents and relevant people. We need to give more chances for rural residents to learn ICT and develop ways of promoting ICT efficiently. In this research, we focused on key persons in the process of promoting SNS as a communication platform in rural areas and clarified the roles and effects of them. In addition, we proposed 3 requirements to promote ICT even for other rural areas.

DOI： 10.11492/ceispapers.ceis26.0_137

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Center for Environmental Information Science  

In this study, we target the activity type "theme". Use teamwork behavior scale, local residents found out whether they want to define a "sense of effectiveness of an organization's existing knowledge and experience" through the process. As a result, three factors are obtained, in particular, the item "coordination of team ", and the starting point of the action team work, had been prescribed a "sense of experience and knowledge of the effectiveness of existing organizations."

DOI： 10.11492/ceispapers.ceis26.0_125

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We drew network structure of neighborhood community association with &ldquo;social embedded concept&rdquo; which captured relations between organizations as social network in this study. Furthermore, we tried that we made a state of the organization reorganization a type by an abridgement of social network. As a result, degree of the implantation was different greatly in each area and understood what I could classify in three patterns.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.357

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010830246

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This is a case study of community development(CD) in Taiwan, and aims to clarify its issue. In this case, residents do not participate in CD plans, although they are successful. The result of the survey revealed 3 factors which obstruct participation; first, there is no leading person who can be totally at the head of the settlement although there are several leading persons, second, a conflict of concepts between community development's leader and Christianity, and finally, a disagreement of an attitude to CD between the CD association & the local administration. We can say that the issue of this case is that residents have to develop their common consciousness using communication such as a chat in the life.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.369

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010830248

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study aims to organize the community development policy's content and policy administration system in Taiwan by Council for Cultural Affairs. We reviewed the 19 policies and outlined the common structure of all projects. And we demonstrated the common and special operation system in community development policies, and extracted the significant elements in policy's administration. Finally, we clarified the three changes in Taiwan's community development policy: 1) The integration of the ministries and government offices. 2) The application system for community development associations. 3) The support system for bodies, such as NGO, to help CDAs (community development association).

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.363

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This study focuses on cooperation between rural settlements to solve the residents shortage in implementation of countermeasures against agricultural damage by wildlife. The possibility of cooperation was evaluated from the points of view of need and difficulty. All combinations of settlements in Kozagawa town, Wakayama prefecture were evaluated with statistics and the results from a questionnaire based on the conditions such as agriculture, social structure, and damage by wildlife and terrain. As a result, strong possibility was indicated in severely depopulated upstream areas. Especially, cooperation in managing uncultivated farmland and ousting monkeys from the settlements could be carried out in those areas. However, in case of ousting monkeys, there was little cooperation in upstream areas due to tight limitation on the distance between settlements.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.387

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

The objective of this study is to find differences of the decision making processes between practitioners who engage in separation & recycling of kitchen wastes and those who not. Hirose (1994)'s two-step model of pro-environmental behavior was employed to analyze such differences. The city of Shisō, Hyōgo prefecture was selected as a case study area. Questionnaire survey to 1,500 residents of the city was conducted, of whom 596 properly responded. The responses were classified into two groups, the practitioners and the non-practitioners, and were analyzed statistically. Our analysis clarified that both groups had positive attitudes toward separation & recycling of kitchen wastes. The non-practitioners, however, tended to negatively evaluate the cost and benefit of separation & recycling and did not have sufficient knowledge about how to deal with them.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.351

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010830245

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.405

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

Animal damages on agricultural produce in Japan has been increasing and there is growing public concern over the way of hunting and killing those animals. In this study, we tried to find the factors affecting human attitude towards harmful animals control. Our analysis identified two factors commonly affecting people's attitudes: 1) degree of animal damage on agricultural produce in their community and 2) to what extend they care the level of agricultural damage. We suggest that municipalities have to strongly transmit the information of the real situation related to animals' damage to a broad range of people in order that they recognize that animal damage is serious problem.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.30.393

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Center for Environmental Information Science  

This study clarified the type of social network structure that influenced trust between community-related organizations. Our analysis identified that the specific index of the social network structure acted with the level of trust between organizations. This implies that, to build trust between inner and outer organizations of neighborhood associations effectively, we need to pay attention to the following three points: 1)reduce outdegree of a specific group, 2)increase closeness centrality and 3) mitigate constraints of the social network structure.

DOI： 10.11492/ceispapers.ceis25.0_155

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.79.87

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農村計画学会  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.29.233

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Association for Regional Agricultural and Forestry Economics  

This research examines the potential of a multilayered intermediary system for the acceptance of immigrants in Ayabe City, Kyoto Prefecture. Previously, single intermediaries faced difficulties in meeting the needs of immigrants as well as those of the local people, because they did not have a sufficient number of houses to rent or sell and could not select a suitable immigrant who would settle effortlessly into the community. The study area considered here is Ayabe City, Kyoto Prefecture, which has 3 intermediaries, namely, Ayabe City, nonprofit organizations (NPOs), and local people. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) All intermediaries cannot collect sufficient information on vacant houses directly from the house owners. (2) Ayabe City and the NPOs are efficient at collecting immigrant information because of their wide presence within and outside the city. (3) The local people and the NPOs are efficient at finding vacant houses for immigrants since they are in contact with the house owners and the local people.<br>

DOI： 10.7310/arfe.46.213

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010810210

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation Drainage and Rural Engineering  

DOI： 10.11408/jjsidre.78.3_217

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this research, we tried to verify the role of the administration to invigoration of a less-favored area anew. We selected the Sugiyama district in Maizuru-city as study area, and analyzed the process which the area invigorated paying attention to the action of administration. <br>Result from listening survey uncovered that suitable care of administration was functioning as a important factor behind the Sugiyama district accomplished endogenous development. Although "the new public" which consists of various subjects as a bearer of an area is expected in recent years, we made it clear that the role of administration is still important.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.375

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00363917281?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this study, we clarified how managerial experiences of community organizations formed individual attitudes toward community revitalization, using the S district as a case study area. A questionnaire survey for residents of the case study area was conducted to clarity statistical relations between managerial experiences of community organizations and individual attitudes toward community revitalization. The result of statistical analyses was then followed up by the semi-structures interview survey to all the heads of local communities. Our results suggested that 1) the managerial experiences of community organizations nurture individual attitudes of mutual help, 2) which then enhance his/her attitudes toward community revitalization regardless of his or her age. Individual affects resulted from the managerial experiences were 3 folds: positive influences, negative influences and evaluation of community norms. Based upon these results, we finally summarized a causal model of how individual attitudes toward community revitalization were formed through the managerial experiences of community organizations.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.369

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In order to help municipal governments which are going to establish their own ordinance on local government, we closely examined the roles of and interactions among stakeholder groups in the legislative process of municipal ordinance using Sasayama Basic Ordinance for Local Government. Various stakeholders such as residents, experts, government officials and city councilors were involved in the legislative process in Sasayama. Our study clarified how authorization procedure inside the government including public participation proceeded and pointed out the importance of the roles played by the secretariat as intermediaries between different organizations involved in the processes.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.291

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

There are growing concerns among governments both local and central on the role of local communities in policy implementations and public works projects. In this study, we tried to identify what aspects of local communities would enhance Agricultural and Rural Development Projects implemented by governments. Using agricultural and rural resource management project as a case study, questionnaire survey was employed to identify the relation between project performance and communities with abundant experiences and high engagement in community activities. Our analyses clarified that the importance of developing communities' experiences of project involvement to effectively cope with new programs.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.381

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This paper verified effects of improved countermeasures to decrease agricultural damage caused by wildlife. A paddy farming community in southern Wakayama Prefecture was chosen as a study area, and camera traps were carried out to compare number of mammals which came to farmland. Results of camera traps and agricultural damage records by residents turned out managing abandoned farmland and moving electric fences to natural levee were effective.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.393

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00348397640?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

This paper proposed the conditions to provide Nonprofit Organizations (NPO) sustainable activities from the point of view of financial and human resources. The analysis of the settlement of accounts and the questionnaire to the members revealed the followings. The NPO depended on a debt and they paid back from personal donation. The NPO's events based on the subsidies from the administration brought the financial matters. The questionnaire clarified that many members complained about the leader's policy and officers felt frustration from the activities. Moreover, old officers were worried about the lack of their successors.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.28.225

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00363917229?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

The problems of Marginal Hamlets are getting worse, in which more than half of the population is over 65 and community-based life is difficult. To contribute to effective policy making, we conducted a questionnaire survey to members of the National Liaison Council of &lsquo;Suigen no Sato&rsquo; constituted to share information about problems and effective counter measures for marginal hamlets. Our study clarified that first, most of respondents had common problems such as lack of job-opportunities and animal damage on farm, and second, though most of respondents recognized the effectiveness of selecting target communities in policy implementations, it is difficult for municipal governments to establish such ordinance provided that councilors and those who were not living in areas of policy target wouldn't agree with it. Finally, we pointed out the roles of national and prefectural governments to help municipal governments effectively cope with such entangled situations.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre.78.361

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this study, we paid special attention to the role of inspection tours in knowledge transfer from one municipality to another. Using the city of Sasayama and its Basic Ordinance for Local Government as a case, we investigated 1) what kind of knowledge did inspectorates from other municipal governments try to obtain from Sasayama through tours, 2) commonalities and differences of knowledge looked for by inspectorates and 3) why such commonalities and differences arose. Questionnaire and interview survey were employed. Our analysis clarified that category and concreteness of questions raised by inspectorates in tours differs significantly depending on their awareness about and progresses of the draft up of ordinances because, under given time constraints, inspectorates tended to collect knowledge and information with priority which would be useful for their practices.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.29.257

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this paper, the planning support body's influence on rural community plans and planning methods was examined for the 70 rural communities' plans of Kobe City. It was uncovered that the following three causes made difference in the form of the plans as a result of analyzing forms of the plans by using quantification method III. They are the participation of the adviser and the diversity of the advisers' specials, and the existence of the model of the plan. Moreover, it was clarified that there was a difference in the planning methods by the administrative staff's experience and the participation of the adviser as a result of analyzing the planning methods. In addition, as the difference of adviser's specials didn't effect on the form and the planning methods, it was suggested that the planning methods in the community level have been established as a common way to any specials.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.29.317

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Center for Environmental Information Science  

Recently there have been growing concerns over human-wildlife conflicts. Thus, public consensus building for wildlife damage management becomes important. In this research, we paid special attention to distribution of human attitudes dependent on distance from wild animal's habitat. Our investigations suggested that knowledge and attitudes towards wildlife management were associated with distance from habitats and difference of animal. In addition, we suggest that the role of mass media is important for public consensus building, but various information are required.

DOI： 10.11492/ceispapers.ceis24.0.77.0

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We evaluated the efficiency of biomass utilization in Shiso, Hyogo Prefecture, a designated &ldquo;biomass town&rdquo;. The biomass town scheme has been implemented only in this single municipality, and not many regions have achieved efficient utilization of biomass. Therefore, we investigated the current situation and use of the scheme both within Shiso and over a wider area incorporating neighboring municipalities. We then applied the Diagnostic Evaluation Model for Biomass Circulation (Morimoto et al., 2009) to each of these cases, estimated the economic efficiency and environmental impact (greenhouse gas emissions), and defined the problems faced and the potential benefits to Shiso and the surrounding area.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.29.191

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation Drainage and Rural Engineering  

DOI： 10.11408/jjsidre.78.8_693

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20780177/

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.27.227

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農村計画学会  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.27.317

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Center for Environmental Information Science  

Recently there have been growing concerns over human-wildlife conflicts. Thus, public participation and their consensus building for wildlife damage management become important. In this research, we paid special attention to roles and potential of civil society organizations in stakeholder communication for wildlife damage management, using great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) damage management in Shiga prefecture as a case study. Our investigations suggested that civil society organizations would work as intermediaries between governmental organizations that implement management measures and other stakeholders such as residents, which seems, however, to be restricted by their aims and experiences.

DOI： 10.11492/ceispapers.ceis23.0.465.0

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

Agricultural damage caused by wildlife is expanding to a nationwide scale in Japan. The ministry of agriculture, forestry and fisheries recommend the attempts to decrease agricultural damage caused by wildlife under the residents&#039;cooperation instead of the attempts by an individual. This paper focuses on the relation between farmers&#039; intentions to carry out the measures to decrease agricultural damage caused by wildlife and thecharacteristics of farming communities based on the questionnaire survey conducted in 14 farming communities of Wakayama prefecture in 2007. As a result of cluster analysis, the following characteristics of farming communities have connection with the following farmers&#039; intentions; 1) the farming communities, which the ratio of paddy field to the total farmland is low and most of farm households are full-time, each farm household manage large farming scale, show the tendency that most farmers intend to carry out by plural farmers. 2) The farming communities, which decrease the number of farm households and acreage of farmland, show the tendency that most farmers intend to carry out by all residents. 3) The farming communities, which the ratio of paddy field to the total farmland is high and farmland consolidation was conducted, show the tendency that few farmers intend to carry out by individuals.These results tell the necessity of the considering to the characteristics of farming communities in the introduction of the measures.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre2007.2008.367

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

We introduced CS (customer satisfaction) analysis into farmers markets. CS investigation showed that needs of a customers and purposes of coming to the store depended on characteristic of farmers markets. Line-up and quality of foods are considered important in the farmers markets held on holidays. Quality of vegetables is made much of in the farmers market held weekdays. Prices and displays of merchandise are considered important in the morning markets. Farmers The farmers markets with restaurant must be kept clean. However, refinements are up to characteristic of farmer's market and its customers' needs. There are several refinements universal to some extent, and they are Line-up of foods and prices and displays in the morning markets.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.26.329

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.26.323

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Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

In this case study in mountainous area, Ryujin-mura, Wakayama Prefecture, invading path of wild boar from forest into a unit of paddy fields is researched by the tracks of wild boar, as well as land-use situation by each lot.<BR>As a result of total analysis, features of the invading path related to the land-use situation and the spatial structure of paddy field are pointed out as followed:<BR>1) Under the Rice Production Adjustment System (Seisan-chosei of rice), much of paddy field located parallel to the ravine has been converted into forest. That field has been not managed properly, resulting in forming the wider ravine buffer. It means, converted paddy field into forest has become a corridor of wild boar to invade into a unit of paddy field.<BR>2) Soil ridges between rice fields are much more used than stone one by wild boar as the invading path. It is able for wild boar to climb over about 2m soil ridge. Wild boar tends to pass the same point continuously.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre1965.2006.59

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

DOI： 10.11408/jjsidre1965.72.8_673

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

Under the policy of production adjustment of rice in Japan, paddy fields have not been leaded to another usage suited to the condition of farming area. As a result, in many cases, new usages of paddy field were not founded, resulting in abandonment of cultivation. From that background, the present ways to use paddy under the different farming conditions are analyzed with a unit of prefectures. As a result, the ways of conversion of paddy field are explained with indicators of the ratio of paddy area to farming area, farming scale, etc. Especially the conditions required from conversion of rice into &quot;Labor-Extensive-Crops&quot; on paddy field are clarified. Without those conditions, paddy fields have tendency to be abandoned under the policy of production adjustment of rice.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre1965.2003.141

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Rural Engineering  

Uncultivated farmland in suburban areas has been considered the intermediate stage of farmland's transition to urban land use. This research examined changes in land use in two farming communities in the Nishi Ward of the city of Kobe, Japan, from 1986 to 2000. One community was part of an Urbanization Promotion Area, and the other was part of an Urbanization Control Area. The study confirmed the following facts:<BR>It was not always the case that uncultivated farmland was converted to urban use. There were cases in which uncultivated farmland again became used as farmland, as well as case of sustained stop cultivating.<BR>Two factors were identified as determinants of the future of a tract of uncultivated farmland. They were its distance from the farmer's house and whether or not the uncultivated farmland faced a road.<BR>In conclusion, land consolidation was needed to solve the problem of uncultivated farmland not being converted to urban land use or not being reused as farmland.

DOI： 10.11408/jsidre1965.2002.109

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this study, the questionnaire survey on the activities of reusing uncultivated farmland was done, and the present situations and the problems were considered. As a result, the followings were uncovered.1) The ways of reusing uncultivated farmland are classified into 12 kinds, and the recreational garden is the most number of the cases.2) The leader of the activities has been changed from farmer to the local populace.3) The problems of activities are labor shortage and securing profitability. Therefore, the administration's supports are needed.

DOI： 10.2750/arp.20.20-suppl_205

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10925847

Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10925760

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

In this paper, we studied the points that should be considered both when abandoned farmland is restored to farmland and utilized as biotope, taking up five examples in Kinki district. The following three points were evident from the hearing of each example:<BR>1) select abandoned farmland with the characteristic that is suitable for the objects of use from the point of the location<BR>2) secure talented men who are highly motivated<BR>3) balance revenue and expenditure economically, by planning expenditure in case of the absence of the government support

DOI： 10.2750/arp.18.18-suppl_247

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10925735

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese  

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Total pages：2冊   Language：Japanese

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農業農村工学会  

固定価格買取制度の施行や土地改良法の改正により，土地改良区が管理する農業用水を利用した小水力発電に注目が集まっている。本研究では，富山県の土地改良区，及びその支援組織である富山県庁組織や富山県土地改良事業団体連合会へ聞き取り調査を実施し，小水力発電への取り組みの実態を明らかにした。さらに，県下の土地改良区に対し導入意識調査を行い，今後の小水力発電事業の課題を考察した。その結果，聞き取り調査から，土地改良区が小水力発電事業を行う際，支援組織が土地改良区の能力の不足分を補完することで事業が実現に至ったことが分かった。導入意識調査から，土地改良区の懸念として手続の煩雑さがあり，他の機関に任せたい意向が強いこと，他方で，土地改良事業団体連合会は専門職員を抱えるため導入時の手続の多くを土地改良区の代わりに担いうることを示した。

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Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://id.nii.ac.jp/1214/00001764/

Language：Japanese   Publisher：THE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL PLANNING  

DOI： 10.2750/arp.33.362

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Other Link： https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010890393

Language：Japanese   Publisher：土地総合研究所  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農業農村工学会農村計画研究部会事務局  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：都市計画協会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本政策金融公庫農林水産事業本部  

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Other Link： http://id.nii.ac.jp/1214/00001680/

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 農業農村工学会  

DOI： 10.11408/jjsidre1965.74.354

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農村計画学会  

農村計画学会では会員の活動の場が全国各地に広がっていることから, 各地区で随時セミナーを開催している。今年度も2003年12月末時点で6回のセミナーを開催した。今年度は, NPO法人や大学の研究グループとの共催やテーマを定めての連続開催企画など地区ごとの新しい試みもみられ, 多くの参加者を得た。以下にその概要を開催順に報告する。また, 共催, 後援, 会場の提供等を快くお引き受けいただいた団体各位に謝意を表する。なお, 報告は各地区の担当委員がとりまとめており, 文責は学術交流委員会にある。

DOI： 10.2750/arp.22.4_327

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人 農業農村工学会  

DOI： 10.11408/jjsidre1965.72.4_337

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：農業土木学会  

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